404:, like Willey, an Unconditional Unionist, stressed that western Virginians were committed to slavery as "essential to American liberty." But he would not run away from devotion to the Union. "This government that we are called upon to destroy has never brought us anything but good. No injury has it ever inflicted on us. No act has ever been put upon the statute book of our common country, interfering with the institution of slavery in any shape, manner or form, that was not put there by and with the consent of the slave-holding States of this Union". If Virginia joined the Confederacy, the North would no longer be bound by the Constitution to stand by slavery and slave-holding states, and it would join with the British Empire to extinguish slavery everywhere. Thomas Jefferson's grandson,
425:
liberty". The three branches of government, with their
Constitutional checks and balances, protect against "encroachment upon the liberties of the minority of the people or upon the rights of the States." And even with the withdrawal of Southern delegations, the remaining Republican majority passed a Constitutional Amendment for ratification prohibiting the Federal Government to interfere with slavery in the states in any respect. "...the great masses of people, leaving out the politicians and fanatics of both sections, have this day an earnest yearning for each other, and for peace and Union with each other…" Baldwin sought a conference of border states to adopt the Peace Convention recommendations that he believed would cause the Confederate states to separately return to the Union.
466:
444:, including 3,500 Virginians to restore Federal property taken in the South by force. Unionists sought to delay any military action on secession that would violate Virginia's neutrality until the people's referendum approved it, as mandated in the Assembly's call to the convention. But the Unionist bloc lost its Conditional Unionist faction with the Lincoln requisition of troops. The new secessionist majority resolved the convention into a secret session on April 16. Unionists warned that precipitating secession and war would lead to Northern support of abolition and the end of slavery in Virginia. The next day, former Governor
477:
slave-holding states." Two days after the secession resolution and a month before the referendum, the
Confederate flag was raised over Virginia's capitol building, a delegation was sent to vote in the Confederate Congress, state militias were activated, and a Confederate army was invited to occupy Richmond. While the ballots from Unionist counties were lost, the total referendum votes counted numbered more than that of the 1860 presidential election by including men voting viva voce aloud in Confederate army camps, approving secession by 128,884 to 32,134.
5581:
224:, who believed that the South had the right as a "section" of states, to require a "concurrent majority" between themselves and the national majority to choose a U.S. president. Without a majority of Southern Electoral College votes, they believed themselves competent to nullify a constitutional election. If not constitutionally yet, then as a matter of fairness and in defense of their slave-based civilization when faced with a Republican (Whig) presidency with Abolitionist political allies.
362:
warring upon the fifteen States of the South." He questioned whether slavery could be safe with Black
Republicans taking over all branches of the Federal Government. The Union was already dissolved, and Virginia would surely go with her Southern brethren. If the Confederacy "give us the post of danger, they will also give us the post of honor. They want our statesmen; they want our military; they want the material arm of Virginia to sustain ourselves and them in the great struggles ."
332:
278:
314:
242:
narrowly under at 49.5%, and
Arkansas at 46.9%. The divided South gave the secessionists pause in Congress. Despite an uncovered plot to assassinate Lincoln on his way to Washington, on the appointed day, a joint session of Congress chaired by Vice President John C. Breckinridge, with Southern state delegations present, certified the Electoral College vote choosing Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln was duly inaugurated under an armed guard commanded by Virginian General
5794:
238:, a sitting U.S. Senator from Illinois, carried two states. He carried only one from the South, Missouri, with 9 Electoral College votes. Douglas was the only candidate to campaign in person in both sections of the country. He had staked out a position for armed resistance to secession in the campaign's final days at his "Norfolk (Virginia) Doctrine". It was repeated on the stump in North Carolina and telegraphed across the country to every major newspaper.
267:, commissioner from South Carolina, insisted that when the North voted for Lincoln, it decreed annihilation of white Southerners, who must act in self-defense, and Virginia should lead the Southern host in an independent Confederacy. His speech brought the convention to a standing ovation, but only a third of the delegates were for immediate secession. The Conditional Unionists awaited some overt act of aggression from Lincoln before deciding to secede.
118:
296:
437:, the most influential delegate, tried to move the convention into a "Spontaneous Southern Rights Convention" to install a secessionist government in Virginia immediately. Still, on April 4, almost two-thirds of the convention voted against secession. A three-person delegation was sent to consult with Lincoln, who had resolved to protect Federal property in the South.
19:
259:
convention, the
Confederate Congress sent three commissioners to address the convened delegates in the first week of the meeting. Fulton Anderson, a commissioner from Mississippi, warned that the Republican Party, now in control of the United States government, intended "the ultimate extinction of slavery and the degradation of the Southern people."
413:
But "Let go with us into a
Southern Confederacy, and receive protection from Northern industry, and they will be what they ought to be—the manufacturers and miners of a great nation." We should go into the Confederacy, "we are told it will bring war. On the contrary it will tend to avert war…Neutrality is impossible and would be dishonorable."
476:
The
Virginia Secession Ordinance was to "repeal the ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America, by the State of Virginia." That Constitution had been "perverted to their injury and oppression…not only to the injury of the people of Virginia, but to the oppression of the Southern
393:
answered Morton with a
Unionist speech. He defended Virginia's institutions from those seeking to abolish slavery. Still, he sought to bring Virginia's "oppressors to acknowledge those errors and to redress her grievances. ... The remedy proposed by gentlemen on the other side is secession, there is
412:
lawyer, made a secessionist speech, observing that although the
Republicans had captured the United States Government "in strict accordance with Constitutional forms", it was merely sectional. "The Government, then…is constitutionally revolutionized, and requires a counter-revolution to restore it."
538:
The one hundred and fifty-two delegates to the
Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 were elected in 1861 from House of Delegate districts. The vote for secession failed on April 4. Following Lincoln's call up of militia to retake federal property and call on Virginia to contribute, the conditional
361:
made an early speech for secession. The abolitionists' fanaticism was "inculcated in the Northern mind and ingrained in the Northern heart, so that you may make any compromise you please, and still, until you can unlearn and unteach the people, we shall find no peace…for thirty years they have been
241:
In the November 1860 South, Union sentiment was a majority in seven states, with over 50% for Bell and Douglas combined. They included Missouri at 70.8%, Kentucky at 62.7%, Tennessee at 55.4%, Louisiana at 55.1%, Virginia at 54.3%, Maryland at 51.5%, Georgia at 51.2%, and two others, North Carolina
258:
its presiding officer. The majority initially voted to remain in the Union but stayed in session awaiting events. Conditional Unionists objected to Lincoln's call for state quotas to suppress the rebellion and switched from their earlier Unionist vote to secession on April 17. At the outset of the
456:
at Norfolk. Wise, who had participated as the second in a fatal duel in 1838 in which a U.S. Representative from Maine was killed, drew his horse pistol at the podium and waved it in the air as his speech progressed. Wise intended to persuade the recalcitrant small enslavers from the Piedmont and
432:
was the first Unionist to break away into the secessionist camp. While "resolutely protecting slave labor", he supported encouraging manufacturing and commercial interests in Virginia. He asked what would do more to promote Virginia's growth, participation "in a hostile confederacy in which your
177:
In January 1861, the Virginia Assembly called a special convention for the sole purpose of considering secession from the United States. Following an election on February 4, 1861, the counties and cities returned a convention of delegates amounting to about one-third for secession and two-thirds
352:
At first, the speeches were mixed between Secessionists advocating leaving the Union, Conditional Unionists holding onto the patriotism of earlier times, and Unconditional Unionists insisting that secession was bad policy and unlawful. In the second week of the convention debate on February 28,
424:
made a Unionist speech, beginning with a defense that "African slavery, as it exists in Virginia, is a right and a good thing". But he believed that the idea that the election of someone to the Presidency could justify secession "as a direct assault upon the fundamental principles of American
4653:
and the Ohio River. The Border States were Delaware (sometimes included as "North" by its colonial roots in Pennsylvania), Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri. The Middle South was North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas. The Deep South was South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama,
457:
Valley who had previously voted to remain in the Union with his words and deeds. Most of the Convention's Conditional Unionists then joined the secessionist camp, and the resolution for Virginia to secede passed 88–55, with nine delegates not voting after the Henry Wise remonstrance.
394:
no constitutional right of secession". He warned that secession would bring about war, taxes, and the abolition of slavery in Virginia. As long as Virginia stayed in the Union, the "wandering" states of the Confederacy might return to the United States.
433:
power will be but 11 out of 150 , or in a friendly confederacy where it will be 21 out of 89 ?" In the South was a government to join "in full working order, strong, powerful and efficient". Along with a number of secessionist speakers, former governor
4871:
Records indicates James W. Brown, James A. Brown and W.J. Brown were among the 14 men representing Preston County, although Leonard's official Virginia volume indicates only 6 men represented that county in the Wheeling convention, including John J.
4692:
Addresses delivered before the Virginia state convention by Hon. Fulton Anderson, commissioner from Mississippi, Hon. Henry L. Benning, commissioner from Georgia, and Hon. John S. Preston, commissioner from South Carolina, February
1668:
4081:
3388:
3031:
4520:
2443:
933:
807:
1962:
523:, who had represented Kanawha County several times in the Virginia General Assembly as well as the 27th and 28 Congresses before becoming a judge, also resigned and was succeeded by Andrew Parks.
499:
in May, although others had actually attended that convention (which later led to West Virginia statehood). On election day, October 24, 1861, five Preston County men in a Confederate camp in
220:
Secessionists in the South were variously both majorities and minorities in their state legislatures. They were influenced by the late political philosopher and South Carolinian U.S. Senator
263:, commissioner from Georgia, explained that Georgia had seceded because "a separation from the North was the only thing that could prevent the abolition of her slavery." The Virginia-born
182:. But the Unionists were divided between those labeled Conditional Unionists who would favor Virginia in the Union only if Lincoln made no move at coercion. Those who would then be called
234:, the former Whig U.S. Senator from Tennessee. He won three southern states with 39 Electoral College votes from Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. The Unionist Northern Democrat
44:, govern the state during a state of emergency, and write a new Constitution for Virginia, which was subsequently voted down in a referendum under the Confederate Government.
512:
3682:
2926:
5456:
2317:
4882:
4123:
3850:
2779:
2506:
1878:
5657:
5233:
4480:
4228:
3913:
3409:
3367:
3010:
1626:
1416:
193:
in the campaigning for the 1860 election for U.S. President. Secessionists walked out of the national Democratic Party convention in Charleston and then again in
4375:
4249:
3640:
3472:
2968:
2905:
1941:
5380:
4562:
4438:
4291:
4144:
3829:
3808:
2716:
1479:
1164:
578:
227:
Within the 1860 South, there were sixteen states, those memorialized on the Secessionist banner above the Charleston, South Carolina Secessionist Convention.
5844:
4039:
4018:
3955:
2590:
2401:
2149:
1689:
912:
4459:
4417:
3598:
2737:
2527:
1983:
1773:
1752:
1584:
1143:
5692:
5515:
5483:
3934:
3556:
3199:
2674:
2296:
1899:
1521:
1500:
1458:
1332:
1101:
996:
828:
662:
4354:
4270:
4186:
4165:
3262:
3220:
3178:
2569:
2548:
1815:
1731:
1206:
1080:
1059:
1038:
891:
5540:
3976:
3094:
3052:
2338:
1353:
1290:
1227:
954:
725:
683:
519:(both of whom attended the May and July 1861 Wheeling Convention sessions) to represent them at the Constitutional Convention in Wheeling. Unionist
4207:
3619:
2884:
2254:
2109:
1605:
1437:
1311:
201:. Having divided the once majority Congressional party, Breckinridge won Electoral College votes in seven Deep South states. With the addition of
4102:
3577:
3493:
2422:
2380:
2025:
1185:
1017:
4918:"How Virginia Convention delegates voted on secession, April 4 and April 17, 1861, and Whether They Signed a Copy of the Ordinance of Secession"
5617:
5565:
3073:
2653:
2359:
2233:
3346:
2989:
146:
93:
5464:
5445:
5226:
3745:
3325:
5819:
5205:
4862:
5487:
5839:
5530:
5525:
4609:
441:
214:
162:'s presidential election reflected the nation's sectional divide. Before his inauguration, Secessionist assembly majorities in the
97:
448:
announced that he had set the "wheels of revolution" against the U.S. Government in motion with loyal Virginians seizing both the
5570:
5434:
5349:
5219:
4917:
313:
385:
to constitutionally guarantee Congress would not interfere with slavery in the states where it currently existed. That same day
5824:
101:
331:
5266:
5052:
5030:
5011:
4625:
5413:
5296:
2464:
4886:
5448:
5370:
4949:
4852:
Cynthia Miller Leonard, Virginia General Assembly 1619–1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library 1978) pp. 476 and note, 490
4629:
76:
5160:
5114:
5089:
210:
206:
202:
81:
37:
5510:
4987:
4621:
4617:
4613:
139:
170:
if Lincoln won the election. Virginia was deeply divided over whether to join them, as were the eight states in the
5311:
2795:
2774:
1831:
870:
500:
390:
231:
4671:
promoted in Virginia's Richmond Convention. Newspapers North and South described them as the "Old Men Convention".
5652:
5339:
4633:
4286:
3530:
3215:
2291:
2228:
2207:
1957:
1936:
1495:
1474:
1453:
277:
5437:
5242:
5168:
5139:
4097:
3614:
3509:
3488:
3467:
2648:
2144:
2062:
2041:
907:
886:
105:
5535:
5472:
5329:
5281:
4515:
4391:
4370:
4055:
3761:
3740:
3635:
3593:
3320:
3299:
3278:
2963:
2942:
2333:
2270:
2249:
2165:
2067:
1978:
1579:
1285:
1243:
1138:
991:
802:
492:
167:
465:
5602:
5286:
5081:
4412:
4244:
4202:
4139:
4118:
4034:
3572:
3047:
2879:
2837:
2816:
2732:
2711:
2627:
2606:
1873:
1747:
1117:
1012:
527:
526:
After formal secession, one of the first pieces of legislation from the convention was the creation of the
132:
4691:
295:
5156:
5131:
4349:
4328:
4307:
4223:
3992:
3971:
3887:
3866:
3845:
3824:
3803:
3341:
2858:
2669:
2438:
2417:
2186:
2020:
1768:
1096:
928:
720:
4649:
comprised those states maintaining racial hereditary slavery in perpetuity. They generally lay south of
86:
5597:
5550:
5520:
5256:
4765:
4496:
4454:
3131:
3110:
3068:
2900:
2753:
2690:
2522:
2354:
1789:
1705:
1684:
1432:
1264:
1033:
970:
949:
657:
615:
594:
401:
65:
41:
440:
With the fall of Fort Sumter, Lincoln matched Jefferson Davis's call of 100,000 men for a year with a
5834:
5829:
5301:
5077:
4333:
4181:
4160:
4076:
3719:
2564:
2543:
2125:
1663:
1642:
1621:
1558:
1537:
1411:
1390:
1201:
1180:
1159:
1075:
1054:
429:
183:
5589:
5555:
5545:
5406:
4668:
3997:
3908:
3782:
3551:
3383:
3304:
3194:
3026:
3005:
2585:
2480:
2459:
2083:
1999:
1915:
1894:
1810:
1516:
1327:
1222:
865:
844:
781:
762:
741:
699:
573:
449:
421:
5680:
4265:
3152:
3089:
2921:
2863:
2501:
1852:
1306:
849:
358:
5779:
5764:
5745:
5627:
5375:
4866:
4536:
4433:
4013:
3950:
3929:
3446:
3425:
3136:
2758:
2212:
2104:
1726:
1600:
1369:
1348:
786:
540:
469:
453:
190:
5722:
4557:
4475:
3703:
3257:
3173:
2821:
2800:
823:
620:
405:
5710:
5704:
5686:
5633:
5475:
5206:
Journal of the acts and proceedings of a general Convention of the State of Virginia … 1861
4997:
4650:
4585:
4312:
3871:
3787:
3514:
3362:
3283:
3236:
2396:
2375:
2004:
641:
636:
508:
445:
198:
539:
unionists voted for secession, and the resolution passed. The two votes are visualized in
489:
8:
5797:
5750:
5716:
5505:
5399:
5334:
4928:
4060:
2611:
2088:
1794:
496:
194:
55:
186:
were unwavering in their loyalty to the constitutional government of the United States.
5663:
5344:
3892:
3766:
3698:
3677:
3656:
3451:
3404:
2695:
2632:
2312:
2170:
1920:
746:
485:
417:
409:
320:
235:
71:
5074:
Apostles of Disunion: Southern Secession Commissioners and the Causes of the Civil War
511:
to replace Brown and McGrew, while voters actually in Preston County that day elected
5612:
5306:
5291:
5271:
5187:
5164:
5135:
5110:
5085:
5048:
5040:
5026:
5007:
4983:
4541:
3661:
2984:
2275:
1710:
1563:
1374:
975:
704:
599:
520:
386:
179:
5784:
5622:
5276:
5261:
4975:
4646:
3430:
3115:
1542:
678:
481:
382:
260:
197:. Those leaving Baltimore reconvened in Richmond to nominate a Southern Democrat,
5211:
5001:
3157:
2046:
1857:
1122:
516:
504:
397:
370:
366:
354:
302:
264:
221:
159:
122:
373:
called up 100,000 militia to serve a year and sent besieging troops to surround
5728:
5698:
5607:
5150:
5125:
5100:
5069:
1647:
243:
5813:
5771:
5191:
5183:
4396:
3724:
3241:
1395:
434:
284:
5580:
5106:
1836:
1269:
378:
3535:
2842:
2485:
374:
338:
255:
171:
23:
5422:
4664:
4605:
2947:
2191:
1248:
163:
5152:
Reluctant Confederates: Upper South Unionists in the Secession Crisis
4764:
Lankford, Nelson (February 1, 2021). "Virginia Convention of 1861".
5003:
Showdown in Virginia: the 1861 Convention and the fate of the Union
254:
The convention met from February 3 – December 6, 1861, and elected
480:
The Convention on June 29, 1861, expelled Unconditional Unionists
217:
narrowly with 51.5%, Breckinridge won 72 Electoral College votes.
5023:
Old Dominion, New Commonwealth: a history of Virginia, 1607–2007
4663:
John Bell was one of the older Whig generation who grew up with
5127:
Roots of Secession: Slavery and Politics in Antebellum Virginia
4980:
Virginia: the New Dominion, a history from 1607 to the present
166:
states resolved to secede from the United States and form the
5391:
381:
in Florida. In his inaugural speech, Lincoln supported the
551:
with votes on secession from the United States of America
18:
5658:
Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
189:
The divisions in Virginia were apparent throughout the
5062:
230:
The Constitutional Unionist candidate was slaveholder
40:
to determine whether Virginia would secede from the
5180:
The Secession movement in Virginia : 1847–1861
5241:
1475:Elizabeth City County, Warwick, York, Williamsburg
5541:William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign
5811:
5516:Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829–1830
5618:List of federal judges appointed by John Tyler
5566:Provisional Congress of the Confederate States
5102:Cry Havoc! The Crooked Road to Civil War, 1861
4667:in Congress. They would later attend the 1861
4558:York, Elizabeth City, Warwick and Williamsburg
5407:
5227:
140:
47:
5845:Richmond, Virginia in the American Civil War
4863:"Delegates to the First Wheeling Convention"
4654:Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.
4434:Williamsburg, Elizabeth City, Warwick, York
4287:Warwick, Elizabeth City, York, Williamsburg
472:at Richmond, where Secession Convention met
5414:
5400:
5234:
5220:
4266:Warren, Elizabeth City, York, Williamsburg
147:
133:
5531:1840 United States presidential election
5526:1836 United States presidential election
5457:President pro tempore of the U.S. Senate
5098:
5045:Cradle of America: a history of Virginia
4883:"Education from LVA: Union or Secession"
4763:
464:
442:federal call for 75,000 for three months
342:Unionist against invasion north or south
17:
5350:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
324:Conditional Unionist then for secession
5812:
5177:
5148:
5134:: University of North Carolina Press.
4604:Among the 33 states in the Union, the
5561:Virginia Secession Convention of 1861
5395:
5355:Virginia Secession Convention of 1861
5215:
637:Alexandria City and Alexandria County
533:
249:
34:Virginia Secession Convention of 1861
5123:
541:maps from the University of Richmond
5449:Vice President of the United States
5371:2012 U.S. state secession petitions
5068:
5063:Further reading (most recent first)
548:Convention Delegates, Richmond 1861
246:but without the expected violence.
36:was called in the state capital of
13:
5820:Virginia in the American Civil War
5161:University of North Carolina Press
2943:New Kent, Charles City, James City
2187:James City, Charles City, New Kent
1244:Charles City, James City, New Kent
14:
5856:
5381:List of state partition proposals
5199:
5793:
5792:
5579:
5312:Northwest Territorial Imperative
5039:
5025:. University of Virginia Press.
5006:. University of Virginia Press.
4982:. University of Virginia Press.
4828:
4371:Webster, Braxton, Clay, Nicholas
2964:Nicholas, Braxton, Clay, Webster
1328:Clay, Braxton, Nicholas, Webster
992:Braxton, Clay, Nicholas, Webster
330:
312:
294:
276:
116:
5653:List of memorials to John Tyler
5340:Mississippi Secession Ordinance
4968:
4942:
4910:
4907:Leonard, 1978, p. 475 and note
4901:
4875:
4855:
4846:
4834:
4822:
4810:
4798:
4786:
4774:
4757:
1511:signed by convention president
27:1861 Richmond Presiding officer
5438:President of the United States
5421:
5243:Secession in the United States
5047:. University Press of Kansas.
5020:
4996:
4950:"William Henry Bagwell Custis"
4816:
4804:
4792:
4780:
4751:
4745:
4739:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4715:
4709:
4703:
4697:
4685:
4657:
4639:
4598:
269:
1:
5825:Political history of Virginia
5536:1839 Whig National Convention
5330:Confederate States of America
5076:(15th anniversary ed.).
5021:Heinemann, Ronald L. (2008).
4678:
3720:Richmond County, Westmoreland
503:elected secessionist lawyers
450:Harper's Ferry federal armory
168:Confederate States of America
5099:Lankford, Nelson D. (2007).
5082:University Press of Virginia
5000:; Simpson, Craig M. (2010).
4182:Tazewell, Buchanan, McDowell
4161:Tazewell, Buchanan, McDowell
4056:Spotsylvania, Fredericksburg
3615:Randolph, Tucker, Webster(p)
2565:McDowell, Buchanan, Tazewell
2544:McDowell, Buchanan, Tazewell
1076:Buchanan, McDowell, Tazewell
1055:Buchanan, McDowell, Tazewell
528:Provisional Army of Virginia
7:
5840:Secession crisis of 1860–61
4974:
4840:
4669:Washington Peace Conference
4579:
495:) for participating in the
460:
10:
5861:
5598:Inauguration of John Tyler
5551:Sherwood Forest Plantation
5465:U.S. Senator from Virginia
5178:Shanks, Henry T. (1970) .
5149:Crofts, Daniel W. (1989).
3683:William Hamilton Mcfarland
3384:Portsmouth, Norfolk County
3363:Portsmouth, Norfolk County
3027:Norfolk County, Portsmouth
3006:Norfolk County, Portsmouth
48:Background and composition
5759:
5738:
5673:
5645:
5588:
5577:
5498:
5429:
5363:
5322:
5249:
5124:Link, William A. (2003).
5078:Charlottesville, Virginia
3069:Northumberland, Lancaster
2927:Frederick Mortimer Cabell
2355:Lancaster, Northumberland
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
430:Culpeper County, Virginia
5780:← Richard Mentor Johnson
5765:← William Henry Harrison
5603:Webster–Ashburton Treaty
5556:Peace Conference of 1861
5546:Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
4767:Encyclopedia of Virginia
4591:
3998:Samuel Crowdson Williams
3305:William Marshall Tredway
1286:Chesterfield, Manchester
416:Throughout March 21–23,
5681:Letitia Christian Tyler
4124:John Randolph Chambliss
3851:Samuel Augustus Coffman
2864:William Ballard Preston
2780:Marshall Mortimore Dent
2507:William Marshall Ambler
1879:John Randolph Chambliss
850:William Leftwich Goggin
288:Fire-eater Secessionist
184:Unconditional Unionists
5746:John Tyler and slavery
5628:Priscilla Cooper Tyler
5376:Ordinance of Secession
4481:William Ballarde Aston
4392:Westmoreland, Richmond
4229:Chapman Johnson Stuart
3914:William Ballarde Aston
3410:William Campbell Scott
3368:John Gustavus Holladay
3300:Pittsylvania, Danville
3279:Pittsylvania, Danville
3137:Chester Dorman Hubbard
3011:John Gustavus Holladay
2796:Monongalia, Morgantown
2775:Monongalia, Morgantown
2759:Robert Latane Montague
2213:Alfred Madison Barbour
1627:James Magruder Strange
1417:William Campbell Scott
787:Alexander H. H. Stuart
473:
377:in South Carolina and
306:Unconditional Unionist
191:Southern United States
29:
5723:Harrison Ruffin Tyler
4952:. Library of Virginia
4516:Wyoming, Boone, Logan
4455:Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer
4376:Benjamin Wilson Byrne
4250:George William Berlin
4077:Stafford, King George
3825:Rockbridge, Lexington
3804:Rockbridge, Lexington
3704:George Wythe Randolph
3641:Horatio Gates Moffett
3473:John Thruston Thorton
2969:Benjamin Wilson Byrne
2906:John Richardson Kilby
2822:Allen Taylor Caperton
2801:Waitman Thomas Willey
2465:John Armistead Carter
2439:Logan, Boone, Wyoming
2313:King George, Stafford
2292:King and Queen, Essex
1942:Edward McC. Armstrong
1748:Gilmer, Calhoun, Wirt
1706:Frederick, Winchester
1685:Frederick, Winchester
1496:Essex, King and Queen
1139:Calhoun, Gilmer, Wirt
929:Boone, Logan, Wyoming
621:Valentine W. Southall
468:
406:George Wythe Randolph
389:from trans-Alleghany
369:'s inauguration day,
21:
5711:John Alexander Tyler
5705:David Gardiner Tyler
5687:Julia Gardiner Tyler
5476:Governor of Virginia
4889:on December 15, 2018
4586:Virginia Conventions
4563:Charles King Mallory
4439:Charles King Mallory
4313:John Arthur Campbell
4292:Charles King Mallory
4145:John Sinsell Burdett
4098:Surry, Prince George
3872:Algernon Sidney Gray
3830:Samuel McDowel Moore
3809:James Baldwin Dorman
3788:George Plater Tayloe
3515:Henry Alexander Wise
3405:Powhatan, Cumberland
3284:William T. Sutherlin
2717:Thomas Francis Goode
2063:Harrison, Clarksburg
2042:Harrison, Clarksburg
2005:George W. Richardson
1480:Charles King Mallory
1412:Cumberland, Powhatan
1165:Charles R. Slaughter
642:George William Brent
579:William H. B. Custis
509:Charles J. P. Cresap
199:John C. Breckinridge
5751:The General (horse)
5717:Lyon Gardiner Tyler
5630:(acting first lady)
5506:Greenway Plantation
5484:U.S. Representative
5335:Louisiana secession
4929:Library of Virginia
4061:John Lawrence Marye
4040:John Julius Kindred
4019:James White Sheffey
3956:Peter Carr Johnston
2612:Ephraim Benoni Hall
2591:Angus Rucker Blakey
2402:Peter Carr Johnston
2271:Kanawha, Charleston
2250:Kanawha, Charleston
2150:Robert H. Whitfield
2089:Williams C. Wickham
1874:Greensville, Sussex
1795:Walter Daniel Leake
1690:Robert Young Conrad
1181:Campbell, Lynchburg
1160:Campbell, Lynchburg
913:Edmund B. Pendleton
679:Amelia and Nottoway
552:
497:Wheeling Convention
261:Henry Lewis Benning
195:Baltimore, Maryland
123:Virginia portal
104: •
100: •
96: •
77:American Revolution
56:History of Virginia
5785:George M. Dallas →
5664:Recarving Rushmore
5571:Hollywood Cemetery
5345:Missouri secession
5277:Confederate States
5208:ebook free online.
5041:Wallenstein, Peter
4998:Freehling, William
4927:. VirginiaMemory,
4925:Union or Secession
4841:Dabney (1971) 1989
4460:Currence B. Conrad
4418:Leonard Stout Hall
4119:Sussex, Greensvile
3893:John Francis Lewis
3767:Franklin P. Turner
3741:Ritchie, Pleasants
3599:Henry L. Gillespie
3452:James Clark McGrew
3321:Pleasants, Ritchie
2754:Middlesex, Mathews
2738:Napoleon B. French
2696:Robert L. Montague
2691:Mathews, Middlesex
2633:Alpheus F. Haymond
2528:William J. Neblett
2171:Franklin P. Turner
1984:George McC. Porter
1921:Thomas S. Flournoy
1774:John Tyler Seawell
1753:Currence B. Conrad
1585:Henry L. Gillespie
1144:Currence B. Conrad
824:Bath and Alleghany
747:John Brown Baldwin
658:Alleghany and Bath
568:Signed ordinance?
546:
534:Chart of delegates
486:James Clark McGrew
474:
418:John Brown Baldwin
357:of the Piedmont's
321:William B. Preston
265:John Smith Preston
250:Meeting and debate
236:Stephen A. Douglas
72:Colony of Virginia
30:
5807:
5806:
5613:Treaty of Wanghia
5389:
5388:
5054:978-0-7006-1994-8
5032:978-0-8139-2769-5
5013:978-0-8139-2964-4
4976:Dabney, Virginius
4577:
4576:
4542:Robert Craig Kent
3935:Colbert C. Fugate
3662:Marmaduke Johnson
3557:Benjamin F. Wysor
3200:Samuel G. Staples
2675:James Henry Couch
2297:Richard Henry Cox
2276:George W. Summers
1900:James Coles Bruce
1564:Robert Eden Scott
1522:William H. Dulany
1501:Richard Henry Cox
1459:Chapman J. Stuart
1375:Fleming B. Miller
1333:Benjamin W. Byrne
1102:William W. Forbes
997:Benjamin W. Byrne
976:Fleming B. Miller
829:Thomas Sitlington
705:Samuel M. Garland
663:Thomas Sitlington
600:James P. Holcombe
521:George W. Summers
501:Pocahontas County
488:(who represented
454:Gosport Navy Yard
428:James Barbour of
391:Monongalia County
387:Waitman T. Willey
350:
349:
157:
156:
94:African-Americans
5852:
5835:1861 conferences
5830:1861 in Virginia
5796:
5795:
5623:Texas annexation
5583:
5491:
5479:
5468:
5460:
5452:
5441:
5416:
5409:
5402:
5393:
5392:
5250:Active movements
5236:
5229:
5222:
5213:
5212:
5195:
5174:
5145:
5120:
5095:
5058:
5036:
5017:
4993:
4962:
4961:
4959:
4957:
4946:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4922:
4914:
4908:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4885:. Archived from
4879:
4873:
4870:
4869:on June 3, 2016.
4865:. Archived from
4859:
4853:
4850:
4844:
4838:
4832:
4829:Wallenstein 2007
4826:
4820:
4814:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4761:
4755:
4749:
4743:
4737:
4731:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4707:
4701:
4695:
4689:
4672:
4661:
4655:
4651:Mason–Dixon line
4647:Antebellum South
4643:
4637:
4602:
4501:John Jay Jackson
4355:Burwell Spurlock
4271:Robert H. Turner
4203:Tucker, Randolph
4187:Samuel L. Graham
4166:William P. Cecil
3594:Raleigh, Fayette
3431:William G. Brown
3263:Peter Bock Borst
3221:Henry H. Masters
3179:Peter Bock Borst
3116:Sherrard Clemens
3090:Nottoway, Amelia
2570:Samuel L. Graham
2549:William P. Cecil
1816:William C. Parks
1732:Manilius Chapman
1580:Fayette, Raleigh
1543:John Quincy Marr
1454:Doddridge, Tyler
1433:Craig, Botetourt
1370:Craig, Botetourt
1349:Craig, Botetourt
1207:Edmund T. Morris
1081:Samuel L. Graham
1060:William P. Cecil
1039:James B. Mallory
971:Botetourt, Craig
950:Botetourt, Craig
892:Allan C. Hammond
553:
545:
482:William G. Brown
420:of the Valley's
402:Alleghany County
400:of transmontane
383:Corwin Amendment
334:
316:
298:
280:
270:
149:
142:
135:
121:
120:
119:
52:
51:
5860:
5859:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5803:
5772:James K. Polk →
5755:
5734:
5669:
5641:
5584:
5575:
5494:
5482:
5471:
5463:
5455:
5444:
5433:
5425:
5420:
5390:
5385:
5359:
5318:
5245:
5240:
5202:
5171:
5142:
5117:
5092:
5070:Dew, Charles B.
5065:
5055:
5033:
5014:
4990:
4971:
4966:
4965:
4955:
4953:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4933:
4931:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4906:
4902:
4892:
4890:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4851:
4847:
4839:
4835:
4827:
4823:
4815:
4811:
4803:
4799:
4791:
4787:
4779:
4775:
4762:
4758:
4750:
4746:
4738:
4734:
4726:
4722:
4714:
4710:
4702:
4698:
4690:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4675:
4662:
4658:
4644:
4640:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4582:
4334:Robert E. Grant
3977:Raphael M. Conn
3158:Jeremiah Morton
3095:Lewis E. Harvey
3053:Miers W. Fisher
2339:Fendall Gregory
2068:Benjamin Wilson
2047:John S. Carlile
1858:Jeremiah Morton
1354:William W. Boyd
1291:James Henry Cox
1228:Fielden L. Hale
1123:William McComas
955:William W. Boyd
726:Lewis D. Isbell
684:Lewis E. Harvie
550:
536:
517:William B. Zinn
505:Robert E. Cowan
463:
398:John S. Carlile
371:Jefferson Davis
367:Abraham Lincoln
355:Jeremiah Morton
344:
343:
341:
335:
326:
325:
323:
317:
308:
307:
305:
303:John S. Carlile
299:
290:
289:
287:
281:
252:
222:John C. Calhoun
160:Abraham Lincoln
153:
117:
115:
50:
28:
26:
12:
11:
5:
5858:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5776:
5775:
5768:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5729:John Tyler Sr.
5726:
5720:
5714:
5708:
5702:
5699:Letitia Semple
5696:
5690:
5684:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5660:
5655:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5639:
5631:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5608:Tariff of 1842
5605:
5600:
5594:
5592:
5586:
5585:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5502:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5480:
5469:
5461:
5453:
5442:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5419:
5418:
5411:
5404:
5396:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5246:
5239:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5201:
5200:External links
5198:
5197:
5196:
5175:
5169:
5146:
5140:
5121:
5116:978-0670038213
5115:
5096:
5091:978-0813939438
5090:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5053:
5037:
5031:
5018:
5012:
4994:
4988:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4941:
4909:
4900:
4874:
4854:
4845:
4833:
4821:
4817:Heinemann 2008
4809:
4805:Freehling 2010
4797:
4793:Freehling 2010
4785:
4781:Heinemann 2008
4773:
4756:
4752:Freehling 2010
4744:
4740:Freehling 2010
4732:
4728:Freehling 2010
4720:
4716:Freehling 2010
4708:
4704:Freehling 2010
4696:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4656:
4638:
4610:South Carolina
4596:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4510:no (expelled)
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4436:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4415:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4394:
4388:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4239:no (expelled)
4237:
4234:
4231:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4208:John N. Hughes
4205:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4155:no (expelled)
4153:
4150:
4147:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3764:
3762:Roane, Jackson
3758:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3620:John N. Hughes
3617:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3533:
3531:Prince William
3527:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3462:no (expelled)
3460:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3441:no (expelled)
3439:
3436:
3433:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3147:no (expelled)
3145:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3132:Ohio, Wheeling
3128:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3113:
3111:Ohio, Wheeling
3107:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2885:Johnson Orrick
2882:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2811:no (expelled)
2809:
2806:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2790:no (expelled)
2788:
2785:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2721:absent/against
2719:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2664:no (expelled)
2662:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2622:no (expelled)
2620:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2255:Spicer Patrick
2252:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2168:
2166:Jackson, Roane
2162:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2130:George W. Hull
2128:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2110:Peyton Gravely
2107:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2057:no (expelled)
2055:
2052:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1994:no (expelled)
1992:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1711:James Marshall
1708:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1673:absent/against
1671:
1669:Peter Saunders
1666:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1648:Jubal A. Early
1645:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1606:Hervey Deskins
1603:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:absent/against
1524:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1469:no (expelled)
1467:
1464:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1438:James Boisseau
1435:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1312:Hugh M. Nelson
1309:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1028:no (expelled)
1026:
1023:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
994:
988:
987:
984:
981:
978:
973:
967:
966:
963:
960:
957:
952:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
931:
925:
924:
921:
918:
915:
910:
904:
903:
900:
897:
894:
889:
883:
882:
879:
876:
873:
868:
862:
861:
858:
855:
852:
847:
841:
840:
837:
834:
831:
826:
820:
819:
816:
813:
810:
805:
799:
798:
795:
792:
789:
784:
778:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
744:
738:
737:
734:
731:
728:
723:
717:
716:
713:
710:
707:
702:
696:
695:
692:
689:
686:
681:
675:
674:
671:
668:
665:
660:
654:
653:
650:
647:
644:
639:
633:
632:
629:
626:
623:
618:
612:
611:
608:
605:
602:
597:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
576:
570:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
535:
532:
513:Charles Hooton
493:Preston County
462:
459:
422:Augusta County
348:
347:
346:
345:
337:
336:
329:
327:
319:
318:
311:
309:
301:
300:
293:
291:
283:
282:
275:
251:
248:
244:Winfield Scott
215:North Carolina
155:
154:
152:
151:
144:
137:
129:
126:
125:
112:
111:
110:
109:
89:
87:Post–Civil War
84:
82:U.S. Civil War
79:
74:
69:
59:
58:
49:
46:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5857:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5800:
5799:
5790:
5789:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5762:
5761:
5758:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5730:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5715:
5712:
5709:
5706:
5703:
5700:
5697:
5694:
5691:
5689:(second wife)
5688:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5672:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5638:
5637:
5632:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5582:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5417:
5412:
5410:
5405:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5394:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:Miscellaneous
5362:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5237:
5232:
5230:
5225:
5223:
5218:
5217:
5214:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5184:Da Capo Press
5181:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5154:
5153:
5147:
5143:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5122:
5118:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5097:
5093:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5066:
5056:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5024:
5019:
5015:
5009:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4989:9780813910154
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4951:
4945:
4930:
4926:
4919:
4913:
4904:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4868:
4864:
4858:
4849:
4842:
4837:
4830:
4825:
4818:
4813:
4807:, pp. 169–176
4806:
4801:
4795:, pp. 165–166
4794:
4789:
4782:
4777:
4769:
4768:
4760:
4753:
4748:
4741:
4736:
4729:
4724:
4717:
4712:
4705:
4700:
4694:
4688:
4684:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4652:
4648:
4642:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4597:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4476:Wise, Russell
4474:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4397:John Critcher
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4103:Timothy Rives
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4082:Edward Walker
4080:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3909:Russell, Wise
3907:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3725:John Critcher
3723:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3699:Richmond City
3697:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3678:Richmond City
3676:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:Richmond City
3655:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3578:James W. Hoge
3576:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3510:Princess Anne
3508:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3494:Timothy Rives
3492:
3490:
3489:Prince George
3487:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Prince Edward
3466:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3389:William White
3387:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Thomas Branch
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:William White
3030:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
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2978:
2975:
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2799:
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2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
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2768:
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2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2639:
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2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
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2600:
2597:
2594:
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2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
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2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
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2534:
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2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2495:
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2489:
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2484:
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2479:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:Caleb Boggess
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:John D. Sharp
2379:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:Edward Waller
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:Isle of Wight
2143:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2026:Thomas Maslin
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1853:Green, Orange
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
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1809:
1808:
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1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
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1777:
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1772:
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1759:
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1709:
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1696:
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1688:
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1678:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1651:
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1644:
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1628:
1625:
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1619:
1615:
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1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:James Barbour
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
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1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1186:John M. Speed
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:Campbell Tarr
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
985:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
968:
964:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
943:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
922:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
905:
901:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
880:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
838:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
817:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
796:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
775:
772:
769:
767:George Baylor
766:
764:
761:
760:
756:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
735:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
697:
693:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
676:
672:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
630:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
609:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
588:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
571:
554:
549:
544:
542:
531:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
491:
487:
483:
478:
471:
467:
458:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
436:
435:Henry A. Wise
431:
426:
423:
419:
414:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
360:
359:Orange County
356:
340:
333:
328:
322:
315:
310:
304:
297:
292:
286:
285:Henry A. Wise
279:
274:
273:
272:
271:
268:
266:
262:
257:
247:
245:
239:
237:
233:
228:
225:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
150:
145:
143:
138:
136:
131:
130:
128:
127:
124:
114:
113:
108:
107:
103:
99:
95:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
67:
63:
62:
61:
60:
57:
54:
53:
45:
43:
42:United States
39:
35:
25:
20:
16:
5791:
5770:
5763:
5693:Robert Tyler
5683:(first wife)
5662:
5646:Public image
5635:
5560:
5354:
5182:. New York:
5179:
5151:
5126:
5105:. New York:
5101:
5073:
5044:
5022:
5002:
4979:
4969:Bibliography
4954:. Retrieved
4944:
4934:December 15,
4932:. Retrieved
4924:
4912:
4903:
4893:February 21,
4891:. Retrieved
4887:the original
4877:
4867:the original
4857:
4848:
4843:, p. 294-296
4836:
4824:
4819:, p. 219-221
4812:
4800:
4788:
4776:
4766:
4759:
4747:
4735:
4723:
4718:, pp. 12–21.
4711:
4699:
4687:
4659:
4641:
4608:states were
4600:
4521:James Lawson
3636:Rappahannock
3074:Addison Hall
2985:Norfolk City
2654:James Burley
2444:James Lawson
2360:Addison Hall
2334:King William
2234:Logan Osburn
1837:Samuel Price
1270:Wood Bouldin
934:James Lawson
808:Samuel Woods
547:
537:
525:
490:transmontane
479:
475:
439:
427:
415:
396:
379:Fort Pickens
365:On March 4,
364:
351:
253:
240:
229:
226:
219:
188:
176:
158:
92:
64:
33:
31:
15:
5490:(1816–1821)
5478:(1825–1827)
5467:(1827–1836)
5440:(1841–1845)
5297:Puerto Rico
5157:Chapel Hill
5132:Chapel Hill
4754:, pp. 75–87
4742:. pp. 51–61
4730:, pp. 13–26
4706:, pp. 3–10.
4626:Mississippi
4467:against/for
4257:against/for
4035:Southampton
3963:against/for
3942:against/for
3879:against/for
3536:Eppa Hunton
3347:Paul McNeel
3048:Northampton
2990:George Blow
2843:John Echols
2712:Mecklenburg
2640:against/for
2486:John Janney
2241:against/for
2096:against/for
1760:against/for
1319:against/for
1151:against/for
899:against/for
375:Fort Sumter
339:Jubal Early
256:John Janney
172:Upper South
24:John Janney
5814:Categories
5725:(grandson)
5701:(daughter)
5590:Presidency
5521:Whig Party
5423:John Tyler
5267:California
5170:0807818097
5141:0807827711
4956:August 28,
4679:References
4665:Henry Clay
4645:The 1860,
4606:Deep South
4341:absent/for
4329:Washington
4308:Washington
3993:Shenandoah
3972:Shenandoah
3888:Rockingham
3867:Rockingham
3846:Rockingham
3746:Cyrus Hall
3354:absent/for
3342:Pocahontas
3326:Cyrus Hall
3237:Petersburg
3081:absent/for
2948:John Tyler
2913:absent/for
2859:Montgomery
2367:absent/for
2343:absent/for
2220:absent/for
2192:John Tyler
1963:David Pugh
1832:Greenbrier
1769:Gloucester
1550:absent/for
1249:John Tyler
1097:Buckingham
871:John Goode
721:Appomattox
446:Henry Wise
164:Deep South
5636:Princeton
5192:633194878
5072:(2016) .
4630:Louisiana
3216:Pendleton
2901:Nansemond
2523:Lunenburg
2229:Jefferson
2208:Jefferson
2075:abstained
1958:Hampshire
1937:Hampshire
1790:Goochland
1265:Charlotte
1034:Brunswick
616:Albemarle
595:Albemarle
565:April 17
556:District
232:John Bell
5798:Category
5731:(father)
5511:Woodburn
5292:Sequoyah
5272:Cascadia
5043:(2007).
4978:(1989).
4831:, p. 190
4783:, p. 219
4580:See also
2955:for/ for
2649:Marshall
2126:Highland
1664:Franklin
1643:Franklin
1622:Fluvanna
1559:Fauquier
1538:Fauquier
1391:Culpeper
1202:Caroline
908:Berkeley
887:Berkeley
562:April 4
461:Outcomes
452:and the
410:Richmond
408:, now a
211:Maryland
207:Delaware
203:Arkansas
180:Unionist
102:Politics
91:Topics:
38:Richmond
5739:Related
5323:History
5287:Lakotah
4622:Alabama
4618:Florida
4614:Georgia
4507:against
4504:against
4485:against
4464:against
4443:against
4401:against
4380:against
4362:against
4359:against
4338:against
4317:against
4254:against
4236:against
4233:against
4212:against
4152:against
4149:against
4107:against
4086:against
4065:against
3960:against
3939:against
3918:against
3900:against
3897:against
3876:against
3855:against
3837:against
3834:against
3813:against
3792:against
3783:Roanoke
3750:against
3729:against
3687:against
3666:against
3645:against
3624:against
3603:against
3585:against
3582:against
3552:Pulaski
3498:against
3459:against
3456:against
3447:Preston
3438:against
3435:against
3426:Preston
3396:against
3393:against
3375:against
3372:against
3351:against
3330:against
3309:against
3288:against
3228:against
3225:against
3204:against
3195:Patrick
3144:against
3141:against
3123:against
3078:against
3039:against
3036:against
3018:against
3015:against
2994:against
2976:against
2973:against
2952:against
2910:against
2889:against
2868:against
2847:against
2826:against
2808:against
2805:against
2787:against
2784:against
2742:against
2682:against
2679:against
2661:against
2658:against
2637:against
2619:against
2616:against
2586:Madison
2493:against
2490:against
2481:Loudoun
2472:against
2469:against
2460:Loudoun
2430:against
2427:against
2406:against
2388:against
2385:against
2364:against
2322:against
2283:against
2280:against
2262:against
2259:against
2238:against
2217:against
2154:against
2136:against
2117:against
2114:against
2093:against
2084:Henrico
2072:against
2054:against
2051:against
2030:against
2000:Hanover
1991:against
1988:against
1979:Hancock
1970:against
1967:against
1949:against
1946:against
1925:against
1916:Halifax
1904:against
1895:Halifax
1844:against
1841:against
1820:against
1811:Grayson
1757:against
1718:against
1715:against
1697:against
1694:against
1655:against
1652:against
1610:against
1589:against
1568:against
1547:against
1529:against
1517:Fairfax
1466:against
1463:against
1358:against
1340:against
1337:against
1316:against
1223:Carroll
1169:against
1148:against
1130:against
1127:against
1025:against
1022:against
1004:against
1001:against
959:against
920:against
917:against
896:against
866:Bedford
845:Bedford
836:against
833:against
803:Barbour
794:against
791:against
782:Augusta
773:against
763:Augusta
754:against
742:Augusta
700:Amherst
670:against
667:against
649:against
646:against
625:against
586:against
583:against
574:Accomac
470:Capitol
106:Slavery
66:By year
5674:Family
5459:(1836)
5451:(1841)
5282:Hawaii
5257:Alaska
5190:
5167:
5138:
5113:
5107:Viking
5088:
5051:
5029:
5010:
4986:
4632:, and
4413:Wetzel
4245:Upshur
4140:Taylor
3573:Putnam
3153:Orange
3120:absent
2931:absent
2922:Nelson
2880:Morgan
2838:Monroe
2817:Monroe
2733:Mercer
2628:Marion
2607:Marion
2502:Louisa
2133:absent
2033:absent
1676:absent
1379:absent
1307:Clarke
1118:Cabell
1106:absent
1013:Brooke
980:absent
770:absent
751:absent
213:, and
98:Cities
5719:(son)
5713:(son)
5707:(son)
5695:(son)
5488:VA–23
5307:White
5302:Texas
5262:Black
4921:(PDF)
4872:Brown
4693:1861.
4634:Texas
4592:Notes
4537:Wythe
4350:Wayne
4224:Tyler
4014:Smyth
3951:Scott
3930:Scott
2670:Mason
2418:Lewis
2105:Henry
2021:Hardy
1727:Giles
1601:Floyd
559:Name
5634:USS
5499:Life
5486:for
5473:23rd
5446:10th
5435:10th
5188:OCLC
5165:ISBN
5136:ISBN
5111:ISBN
5086:ISBN
5049:ISBN
5027:ISBN
5008:ISBN
4984:ISBN
4958:2024
4936:2020
4895:2022
4573:yes
4552:yes
4531:yes
4497:Wood
4491:yes
4470:yes
4449:yes
4428:yes
4407:yes
4386:yes
4365:yes
4344:yes
4323:yes
4302:yes
4281:yes
4260:yes
4218:yes
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4176:yes
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4092:yes
4071:yes
4050:yes
4029:yes
4008:yes
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3966:yes
3945:yes
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3882:yes
3861:yes
3840:yes
3819:yes
3798:yes
3777:yes
3756:yes
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3693:yes
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3609:yes
3588:yes
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3525:yes
3504:yes
3483:yes
3420:yes
3399:yes
3378:yes
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3315:yes
3294:yes
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3258:Page
3252:yes
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3174:Page
3168:yes
3105:yes
3084:yes
3063:yes
3042:yes
3021:yes
3000:yes
2979:yes
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2769:yes
2748:yes
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2706:yes
2643:yes
2601:yes
2580:yes
2559:yes
2538:yes
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2496:yes
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2454:yes
2412:yes
2391:yes
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2328:yes
2307:yes
2244:yes
2223:yes
2202:yes
2181:yes
2160:yes
2139:yes
2120:yes
2099:yes
2078:yes
2036:yes
2015:yes
1973:yes
1952:yes
1931:yes
1910:yes
1889:yes
1868:yes
1847:yes
1826:yes
1805:yes
1784:yes
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902:yes
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818:yes
797:yes
776:yes
757:yes
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715:yes
694:yes
673:yes
652:yes
631:yes
610:yes
589:yes
515:and
507:and
484:and
32:The
4570:for
4567:for
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4528:for
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2433:no
2409:for
2397:Lee
2376:Lee
2346:for
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2304:for
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148:e
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134:v
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