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these traditional elements. His biography has been criticized by
Vaudeville for relying solely on English and Hindi Vallabhite sources and lack of critical analysis of them typical of a Western Indologist. Śāstrī also notes the prescence of miracles in Vallabha's biographies. However, he states that since the followers of
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2775:, stating that the world was a manifestation of the Supreme Absolute and could neither be tainted nor change. The school rejects the ascetic lifestyle and cherishes householder lifestyle, wherein followers see themselves as participants and companions of Kr̥ṣṇa, viewing their daily lives as an ongoing
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The life of
Vallabha as depicted in traditional sources contains many miracles and supernatural events, as Vallabha is considered by followers of the Puṣṭimārga to be a divine incarnation who was born for a supernatural purpose. In Barz (1992), he gives biographical account of Vallabha which includes
512:
When
Vallabha came to Govardhana Hill, he went to the house of Saḍḍu Pāṇḍe. Saḍḍu Pāṇḍe had received a vision from Kr̥ṣṇa years earlier that told him a stone that had appeared on Govardhana Hill was his own svarūpa and that he should give offerings to it. The image was known as Devadamana; Vallabha
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Only scholarly theory for why
Vallabha's theology was attractive to these groups was that of social mobility. For agrarian castes, particularly in Gujarat, the emphasis on purity gave higher status. For mercantile castes, purity as well as the emphasis on restraint and frugality in daily life
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s, the texts by
Gokulanātha's followers contain no mention of miracles in relation to Vallabha and Viṭṭhalanātha making them valuable sources. No single text contains a full biography of Vallabha, and different sources contain inconsisten and contradictory information, likely due to internal
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According to sectarian literature, this debate occurred shortly after Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa's death in 1490; however, Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya only became king of
Vijayanagara in 1509, which is when scholars believed the debate likely occurred historically. The debate is first mentioned in the
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or Viṭhobā (a form of Kr̥ṣṇa). There
Vallabha was ordered by Viṭṭhala to marry. Some sectarian sources assert this was because Viṭṭhala wanted to take birth as his son, and others say it was to create a line of descendants to preserve and promote Vallabha's version of
549:
Obeying this, following his caste traditions and practices, Vallabha married Mahālakṣmī (aka Akkājī) sometime between 1502 and 1504, a Vārāṇasī girl of his own caste who began living with him upon maturity c. 1510–1512. Vallabha had two houses, one at Aṛaila on the
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Another reason was that
Vallabha promoted a househoulder life-affirming, socially conservative view that appealed to castes that depended on social and political stability for their livelihoods, notably in the context of splintering Muslim sultanates in India.
1525:
Vallabha made three pilgrimages throughout India which are documented in later sectarian sources. These pilgrimages are stated to have taken place between 1479 and 1530, although Saha doubts the accuracy of the dates. At pilgrimage sites such as
368:, Vallabha's birth occurred in the forests of Campāraṇya, due to his parents fleeing Vārāṇasī in fear of Muslim invasion. These sources depict his birth a miraculous, with his parents initially leaving the seemingly still-born infant beneath a
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in Vārāṇasī. After a month, he summoned his sons Gopīnātha and Viṭṭhalanatha, and designated the 18 or 19 year old Gopīnātha as his successor. According to sectarian accounts, he walked in the Gaṅgā and vanished in a flash of light.
2881:) and hence created the world. Vallabha emphasizes that the world is not illusory but as real as Brahman itself, which manifests by temporarily suppressing its attributes of bliss and consciousness. When
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followers rely solely on God's grace, prioritizing complete devotion and surrender without personal effort, embodying unconditional love and faith towards God. Vallabha also emphasizes that the path of
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in 1489. The local ruler was sponsoring a great philosophical debate where four questions were posed to scholars: "What is the foremost scripture? Who is the foremost deity? Which is the most effective
3574:"Postage Stamps:: Postage Stamps,Stamp issue calendar 2014, Paper postage, Commemorative and definitive stamps, Service Postage Stamps, Philately Offices, Philatelic Bureaux and counters, Mint stamps"
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is open to all, regardless of caste or gender. He cautions against seeing this path as too focused on pleasure, saying it is about pure, divine devotion without being attached to worldly desires.
2805:(selfless service) out of love for Kr̥ṣṇa. According to Vallabhācārya, through single minded religiosity, a devotee would achieve awareness that there is nothing in the world that is not Kr̥ṣṇa.
1480:. Vallabha through his erudition and debate skills defeated the Advaita philosophers, and was rewarded by Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya with large amounts of gold (most of which he distributed among Brahmins).
558:, and at Caranāṭa near Vārāṇasī. According to Saha, the location of his home provided a central location which allowed him to access to preach and convert throughout northern and central India.
489:, which was to be used to clean the flaws of a human soul. The next morning, Vallabha administered the mantra to his companion Dāmodaradāsa Harasānī, who became the first member of the
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Soon after
Vallabha's birth his family moved back to Vārāṇasī. His education commenced at the age of eight, and by the age of eleven had mastered several Sanskrit Hindu texts, with the
2873:) as intricately linked to the belief that the world is an expression and manifestation of Brahman. He accepts the idea that Brahman manifested itself as both the individual souls (
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and is not mentioned in independent historical sources. According to Saha, this story is meant to portray "the image of a victorious
Vallabha winning the subcontinent for Kr̥ṣṇa".
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and monastic life, suggesting that through loving devotion to the deity Krishna, any householder could achieve salvation. He authored many texts including but not limited to, the
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of the Viṣṇusvāmī school. Very little is known of the Viṣṇusvāmī school, and by Vallabha's time its followers were few. The majority view is that Vallabha chose to become
2837:("complete" or "well-nourished") souls rely on Kr̥ṣṇa's grace as the sole effective means to achieve devotion, and other efforts are insignificant without God's grace.
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Nearing the end of his life, Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa decided to take his wife and 10-year-old son along on a pilgrimage to southern India. They first stopped at the Vaishnava
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482:) which had appeared there years ago. When he arrived in Gokula in 1494, Vallabha had a vision where Kr̥ṣṇa appeared before him and bestowed upon him the
188:. He acquired many followers in the Gangetic plain and Gujarat. After his death, the leadership of his sampradāya passed to his elder son Gopīnātha.
2767:, which he called Maryādā Mārga or Path of Limitations. Vallabha asserted that religious disciplines focusing on Vedic sacrifices, temple rituals,
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tree, before being recalled by a supernatural voice to see Vallabha alive and surrounded by fire. According to other hagiographies such as
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of that school in order to make his own doctrines more prestigious, and that there is likely no real connection between the ideas of
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followers rely on their actions and God's judgment for spiritual rewards, aligning with scriptural injunctions. In contrast,
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claims to have be composed in 1610, however modern scholars state the text was composed around the turn of the 20th century.
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in its current form was likely written in the 1860s, although its contents were orally known prior to the 19th century. The
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cannot be stated to be of old origin according to Śāstrī. Other texts by Gokulanātha's followers include Kalyāṇa Bhaṭṭa's
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1550:, Vallabha had theological debates and attracted followers and devotees. He made extensive conversion campaigns in the
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Vallabha giving Kr̥ṣṇa a sacred thread after receiving the Brahmasambandha mantra. Dāmodaradāsa Harasānī on the right.
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Barz, Richard (2018). "Vallabha". In Jacobsen, Knut A.; Basu, Helene; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.).
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Reading the Medieval in the Modern: The Living Tradition of Hagiography in the Vallabh Sect of Contemporary Gujarat
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philosophers. Vallabha immediately went to Vijayanagara to join the debate, and entered the Vaiṣṇava camp led by
517:) and initiated an ascetic named Rāmdās Chauhān to perform the regular worship. In 1499 a wealthy merchant from
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1598:, the lives of eighty-four of Vallabha's most notable devotees are narrated. Of the 84 devotees, 39 were
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When Vallabha was living in his ancestral village of Kāṅkaravāḍa, he heard of a philosophical debate (
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Creating a Community of Grace: A History of the Puṣṭi Mārga in Northern and Western India (1493-1905)
3549:"Mahaprabhu Vallabhacharya | 14-04-1977 | Philcent #937 SG #846, MJ No. 720 | Stamps | Mintage World"
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Mallison, Françoise (1986). "Les Chants Dhoḷa au Gujarāt et Leur Usage pour la Dévotion Vallabhite".
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2877:) and the world. Vallabha argued that Brahman desired to become many to express His playful nature (
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Vallabhācārya composed many philosophical and devotional books during his lifetime which includes:
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His first son, Gopīnātha, was born in 1512 at Aṛaila and according to sectarian tradition was the
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Site worshipped as the birthplace of Vallabha in Campāraṇya, identified in the late 19th century.
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elevated their status, while wealth could then be funnelled toward religiously meritorious
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Events from Vallabha's life are recounted in several sectarian Puṣṭimārga texts. Among the
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493:(Vallabha Sampradaya). Most sources state these events occurred in Gokula, except the
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consider him to be God in human form with Vallabha and Viṭṭhalanātha being revered
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announced that it was actually the svarupa of Śrī Govardhananāthajī (shortened to
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382:. Most hagiographies date Vallabha's birth to 1535 Vikrama Era, or 1478-1479 CE.
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In 1493, Vallabha is said to have had a dream where Kr̥ṣṇa ordered him to go to
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issued in his honor, a commemorative stamp bearing the image of Vallabhācārya.
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Vallabha studied Hindu philosophy from early age, then traveled throughout the
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421:? What is the easiest and best action?", to which Vallabha responded with the
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for over 20 years. He became one of the important leaders of the devotional
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souls are divine souls that have potential of upliftment or salvation. The
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573:, was born in 1516 at Caranāṭa, and is considered the avatar of Viṭṭhala.
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fragmentation of the religious community from the 17th to 19th centuries.
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Kincaid, C. (January 1933). "Review: Imperial Farmans by K. M. Jhaveri".
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Vaudeville, Ch. (1979). "The Bhakti Sect of Vallabhācārya Richard Barz".
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Reception of the Brahmasambandha mantra and installation of Śrī Nāthajī
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172:. He won many philosophical scholarly debates against the followers of
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357:. Their ancestral village was Kāṅkaravāḍa on the southern bank of the
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According to tradition, Vallabha's family were Velanāṭa or Vellanāḍu
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141:(1479–1531 CE), was an Indian saint and philosopher. He founded the
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Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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named Pūrṇamalla Khatrī began building a temple for Srī Nāthajī.
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3037:(PhD thesis). University of Texas at Austin. pp. 127–130.
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1997:
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Vallabha distinguishes between two aspects of devotion: the
1558:, where he attracted converts from various castes including
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in support of his response and condemning the supporters of
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Bhatt, G.H. (1942). "The Last Message of Vallabhācārya".
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Vallabha may have intended to remain a lifelong celibate
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378:, Vallabha appeared in the Agnikuṇḍ (“Pool of Fire”) in
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Prācyavidyā Mandira, Mahārājā Sayājīrāva Viśvavidyālaya
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According to Vallabha there are three kinds of souls:
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himself. The purpose of this tradition is to perform
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Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
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1483:Vallabha was also offered the prestigious title of
292:by Gopāladāsa (c. 1580). Another Braj Bhasha work,
3610:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 25–26.
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3265:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 482.
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2793:consists of existence, consciousness, and bliss (s
478:and establish proper service (sevā) to his image (
431:(service) to Kr̥ṣṇa, whereupon Jagannātha wrote a
211:or sixteen tracts and several commentaries on the
157:region of India, and propounded the philosophy of
3111:
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276:Other Sanskrit texts include Gadādhara Dviveda's
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3462:
576:
3762:16th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians
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3231:Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient
3472:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z
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1435:
508:Vallabha finds Shrinathji at Govardhan Hill.
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569:, elder brother of Kr̥ṣṇa. His second son,
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1442:
1428:
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31:
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3679:. Śrī Sayājī Sāhityamāḷā (in Gujarati).
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3093:
3032:
1521:Pilgrimages and Preaching Tours of India
503:
465:
328:
176:. He began the institutional worship of
3617:Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online
246:. According to Barz the most important
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3671:
3105:
3050:
2797:), and when manifested completely, as
2759:Vallabha formulated the philosophy of
364:According to some sources such as the
304:, and Gopāladāsa Vyārāvāḷā's Gujarati
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1460:) being held in at the court of King
427:, Kr̥ṣṇa, any of Kr̥ṣṇa's names, and
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1602:, 36 were mercantile or landowning
399:
261:dates to the mid-18th century. The
180:on Govardhana Hill, and became the
13:
3626:Braj, Center of Krishna Pilgrimage
280:(A.D. 1552-53), Muralīdharadāsa's
14:
3808:
3692:
1638:and withdrew to the banks on the
3787:People from Raipur, Chhattisgarh
3767:16th-century Indian philosophers
3608:The Bhakti Sect of Vallabhācārya
2892:
1670:
1634:In 1530, Vallabha took a vow of
524:
3757:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
3660:(Thesis). University of Ottawa.
3649:The philosophy of Vallabhācārya
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3541:
3428:
3279:
3222:
3677:Śrīvallabhācārya mahāprabhujī
3651:. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
3068:
3026:
2723:, a partial commentary on the
2712:, a partial commentary on the
1:
3719:, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
3647:Marfatia, Mrudula I. (1967).
3638:: CS1 maint: date and year (
3475:. Rosen Publishing. pp.
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2754:
2737:Tattvārthadīpanibandhaprakāśa
577:Grand victory at Vijayanagara
495:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
376:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
263:Śrī Nāthajī kī Prākaṭya Vārtā
240:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
3628:. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.
3624:Entwistle, Alan. W. (1987).
3594:
3469:Lochtefeld, James G (2002).
497:which states it happened in
385:
324:
7:
3782:People from Raipur district
3727:Encyclopedia on Pushtimarga
3665:
2908:
2869:Vallabha viewed the world (
2763:, in response to Śaṅkara's
1497:. Vallabha chose to become
284:(c. 1573), Devakīnaṁdana's
10:
3813:
3717:The Philosophy of Vallabha
3699:Works by or about Vallabha
3599:
2784:
2621:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
2250:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
1894:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
1596:Caurāsī Vaiṣṇavan kī Vārtā
442:In 1490, they reached the
236:Caurāsī Vaiṣṇavan kī Vārtā
225:
3675:, Keśavarāma Kā. (1977).
3296:10.1017/S0035869X00072543
3033:Bachrach, Emilia (2014).
2667:Other Indian philosophies
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2899:Indian postal department
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2311:Kamalakanta Bhattacharya
1646:
1629:
300:, Keśavadāsa's Gujarati
288:, and the Gujarati poem
3712:Encyclopædia Britannica
3606:Barz, Richard (1992) .
3317:(subscription required)
3180:, p. 17-20, 28-29.
2789:According to Vallabha,
2296:Nigamananda Paramahansa
1515:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
259:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
244:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
220:
199:(his commentary on the
3656:Saha, Shandip (2004).
2897:On 14 April 1977, the
2741:Tattvārthadīpanibandha
2739:, a commentary on the
2731:Tattvārthadīpanibandha
1938:Shakti Vishishtadvaita
509:
471:
334:
282:Śrīvallabhācāryacarita
3262:Krishna: A Sourcebook
2185:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
2165:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1873:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1866:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1594:respectively. In the
1495:Viṣṇusvāmī sampradāya
507:
469:
332:
286:Prahbucaritaciṁtāmaṇi
3578:postagestamps.gov.in
3553:www.mintageworld.com
3257:Edwin Francis Bryant
3077:Indo-Iranian Journal
2510:Principal Upanishads
2175:Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
396:being his favorite.
366:Śrīvallabhadigvijaya
341:who belonged to the
294:Saṁpradāyakalpadruma
252:Śrīvallabhadigvijaya
234:sources include the
3772:Indian Vaishnavites
2903:Government of India
2889:, which is unreal.
2018:Raghunatha Siromani
1210:Satyabhinava Tirtha
271:Yadunātha Digvijaya
166:Indian subcontinent
3425:, p. 113-117.
3410:, p. 107-114.
3398:, p. 91, 140.
3386:, p. 107-108.
3345:, p. 111-112.
3245:– via JSTOR.
1308:Related traditions
1225:Satyadhyana Tirtha
1220:Satyadharma Tirtha
1180:Raghavendra Tirtha
1130:Manavala Mamunigal
1053:Vaishnava-Sahajiya
510:
472:
335:
306:Prākaṭya-Siddhāṁta
278:Sampradāya-Pradīpa
267:Vallabha Digvijaya
191:Vallabha rejected
3459:, p. 98-106.
3272:978-0-19-803400-1
2703:
2702:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2430:
1793:
1792:
1737:
1736:
1491:Mādhva sampradāya
1452:
1451:
1215:Satyabodha Tirtha
1205:Satyanatha Tirtha
1175:Raghuttama Tirtha
1165:Pillai Lokacharya
1160:Padmanabha Tirtha
1072:Teachers—acharyas
1003:Acintyabhedabheda
642:Important deities
186:Viṣṇusvāmi school
132:
131:
16:Hindu philosopher
3804:
3777:Vaishnava saints
3703:Internet Archive
3688:
3661:
3652:
3643:
3637:
3629:
3620:
3611:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3545:
3539:
3538:, p. 29-30.
3533:
3527:
3526:, p. 72-74.
3521:
3515:
3514:, p. 71-73.
3509:
3503:
3502:, p. 70-75.
3497:
3491:
3490:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3445:
3444:
3432:
3426:
3420:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3393:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3374:, p. 43-45.
3369:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3207:, p. 28-29.
3202:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3156:, p. 26-27.
3151:
3145:
3144:, p. 23-25.
3139:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3096:, p. 60-61.
3091:
3085:
3084:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
2715:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
2695:
2688:
2681:
2534:Agama (Hinduism)
2522:Other scriptures
2515:Minor Upanishads
2361:
2360:
2230:Ekasarana Dharma
2074:Vāchaspati Misra
1994:
1993:
1910:Shaiva Siddhanta
1887:Ekasarana Dharma
1750:
1749:
1687:
1686:
1674:
1664:Hindu philosophy
1651:
1650:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1309:
1073:
1018:Ekasarana Dharma
955:
844:
643:
615:
606:
596:
581:
580:
537:to view the god
484:Brahmasambandha
400:First Pilgrimage
393:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
343:Bhāradvāja gotra
214:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
35:
21:
20:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3752:Bhakti movement
3732:
3731:
3723:Pushtipedia.com
3695:
3668:
3631:
3630:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3582:
3580:
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3571:
3567:
3557:
3555:
3547:
3546:
3542:
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3530:
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3506:
3498:
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3467:
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3164:
3160:
3152:
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3140:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3116:
3112:
3108:, p. 9-10.
3104:
3100:
3092:
3088:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3042:
3031:
3027:
3019:
3015:
3007:
2984:
2980:
2975:
2911:
2895:
2867:
2811:
2787:
2765:Ādvaita Vedānta
2757:
2699:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2635:
2582:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
2543:
2466:
2451:
2450:
2437:
2436:
2350:
2320:
2282:
2264:
2244:
2224:
2204:
2200:Srinivasacharya
2179:
2159:
2139:
2108:
2089:Vishishtadvaita
2083:
2052:
2043:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
2022:
2008:Akṣapāda Gotama
1991:
1990:
1974:
1973:
1945:Shiva Bhedabeda
1845:Vishishtadvaita
1805:
1804:
1649:
1632:
1523:
1470:Advaita Vedānta
1448:
1419:
1418:
1310:
1307:
1300:
1299:
1290:Vadiraja Tirtha
1155:Srinivasacharya
1075:
1071:
1063:
1062:
965:Vishishtadvaita
956:
953:
946:
945:
897:Divya Prabandha
846:
843:Holy scriptures
842:
834:
833:
644:
641:
634:
633:
616:
613:
594:
579:
527:
476:Govardhana Hill
464:
437:Advaita Vedānta
402:
388:
339:Telugu Brahmins
327:
228:
223:
174:Advaita Vedānta
170:Bhakti movement
113:Founder of
67:
57:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3810:
3800:
3799:
3797:Sanskrit poets
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3730:
3729:
3720:
3714:
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3694:
3693:External links
3691:
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3290:(1): 131–132.
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3190:Entwistle 1987
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2013:Jayanta Bhatta
2010:
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1992:
1981:
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1552:Gangetic Plain
1522:
1519:
1509:and Vallabha.
1462:Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya
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1230:Samarth Ramdas
1227:
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723:Guruvayurappan
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351:branch of the
326:
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290:Vallabhākhyāna
250:source is the
227:
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208:Ṣoḍaśa Grantha
139:Vallabhacharya
130:
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37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3809:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3792:Telugu people
3790:
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3635:
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3613:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3537:
3536:Marfatia 1967
3532:
3525:
3524:Marfatia 1967
3520:
3513:
3508:
3501:
3500:Marfatia 1967
3496:
3488:
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3409:
3404:
3397:
3392:
3385:
3380:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3357:, p. 52.
3356:
3351:
3344:
3339:
3333:, p. 38.
3332:
3327:
3325:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3282:
3274:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3225:
3219:, p. 29.
3218:
3213:
3206:
3201:
3199:
3192:, p. 31.
3191:
3186:
3179:
3174:
3168:, p. 27.
3167:
3162:
3155:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3132:, p. 23.
3131:
3126:
3120:, p. 24.
3119:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3095:
3094:Bachrach 2014
3090:
3082:
3078:
3071:
3065:, p. 21.
3064:
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3022:
3017:
3010:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
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2982:
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2971:Brahma Sutras
2969:
2967:
2966:Shuddhadvaita
2964:
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2893:Postage Stamp
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2795:at-cit-ānanda
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2749:
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2747:Ṣoḍaśagrantha
2744:
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2729:
2727:of Bādarāyaṇa
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2631:Shiva Samhita
2629:
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2562:Brahma Sutras
2560:
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2550:
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2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:Bhagavad Gita
2527:
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2516:
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2408:Prashastapada
2405:
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2382:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2347:
2346:Radhakrishnan
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2316:Anandamayi Ma
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:Ramprasad Sen
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Abhinavagupta
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
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2248:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2145:Shuddhadvaita
2143:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1969:
1968:Integral yoga
1965:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:Shiva Advaita
1949:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
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1888:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1859:Shuddhadvaita
1856:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
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1821:
1817:
1816:
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1811:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1797:
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1773:
1772:
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1754:
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1748:
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1726:
1724:
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1717:
1716:
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1705:
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1702:
1698:
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1691:
1690:
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1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1610:, and 6 were
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1518:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1478:Mādhva school
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1383:
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1375:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
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1348:
1346:
1343:
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1338:
1336:
1333:
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1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1280:Viṭṭhalanātha
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
989:
986:
982:
979:
976:
972:
969:
966:
962:
959:
958:
950:
949:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
910:
907:
906:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
887:
883:
881:
880:
876:
874:
873:
872:Bhagavad Gita
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
845:
838:
837:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
807:
806:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
774:
771:
768:
767:
764:
761:
759:
758:Venkateshvara
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
743:Nara-Narayana
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
711:
710:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
650:
647:
646:
638:
637:
630:
626:
622:
619:
618:
614:Supreme deity
610:
609:
605:
601:
600:
597:
592:
591:
587:
583:
582:
574:
572:
571:Viṭṭhalanātha
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
547:
545:
540:
536:
532:
525:Personal life
522:
520:
516:
506:
502:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:
481:
477:
468:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
439:(Māyāvādis).
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:
424:Bhagavad Gītā
420:
415:
411:
407:
397:
395:
394:
383:
381:
377:
373:
372:
367:
362:
360:
356:
355:
350:
349:
344:
340:
331:
322:
319:
315:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
218:
217:
215:
210:
209:
204:
203:
202:Brahma Sutras
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
128:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
96:
93:
92:Viṭṭhalanātha
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
70:
65:
64:Uttar Pradesh
61:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3726:
3711:
3676:
3657:
3648:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3581:. Retrieved
3577:
3568:
3556:. Retrieved
3552:
3543:
3531:
3519:
3507:
3495:
3471:
3464:
3440:
3436:
3430:
3403:
3391:
3379:
3350:
3338:
3287:
3281:
3261:
3251:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3212:
3185:
3173:
3161:
3149:
3137:
3125:
3113:
3101:
3089:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3058:
3034:
3028:
3016:
2956:Madhvacharya
2941:Para Brahman
2896:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2868:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2794:
2788:
2776:
2761:Śuddhādvaita
2758:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2638:
2611:Arthashastra
2606:Dharmaśāstra
2577:Nyāya Sūtras
2547:
2546:
2521:
2500:
2469:
2445:
2260:Swaminarayan
2154:
2125:Madhvacharya
2116:(Tattvavada)
2079:Adi Shankara
1982:
1966:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1917:Pratyabhijna
1915:
1908:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1818:
1801:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1636:renunciation
1633:
1624:
1616:
1595:
1524:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1498:
1484:
1482:
1466:Vijayanagara
1455:
1453:
1350:Jagannathism
1295:Yamunacharya
1259:
1240:Swaminarayan
1125:Madhvacharya
1105:Jiva Goswami
1048:Swaminarayan
1010:
985:Dvaitadvaita
975:Śuddhādvaita
902:Gita Govinda
884:
877:
870:
560:
552:Yamunā river
548:
544:bhakti-mārga
535:Paṁḍḥarapura
528:
511:
494:
483:
479:
473:
456:Vijayanagara
448:Veṅkaṭeśvara
441:
422:
418:
403:
391:
389:
375:
369:
365:
363:
352:
347:
336:
317:
310:
305:
302:Vallabhavela
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
275:
270:
266:
262:
258:
256:
251:
243:
239:
235:
229:
212:
206:
200:
196:
190:
163:
159:Śuddhādvaita
155:Braj (Vraja)
138:
134:
133:
127:Śuddhādvaita
98:Organization
18:
3747:1531 deaths
3742:1479 births
3443:(1): 67–70.
3106:Śāstrī 1977
3083:(1): 55–56.
3051:Śāstrī 1977
2725:Brahmasūtra
2587:Yoga Sutras
2539:Vachanamrut
2494:Atharvaveda
2447:Major texts
2397:Vaisheshika
2336:Vivekananda
2326:Neo-Vedanta
2220:Chakradhara
2210:Mahanubhava
2135:Vyasatirtha
1960:Neo-Vedanta
1931:Pramanavada
1924:Panchartika
1880:Mahanubhava
1828:Vaishnavite
1802:Sub-schools
1715:Vaisheshika
1640:Gaṅgā river
1622:to Kr̥ṣṇa.
1474:Vyāsatīrtha
1404:Kabir panth
1325:Pancharatra
1320:Vaikhanasas
1315:Bhagavatism
1285:Vyasatirtha
1275:Vishnuswami
1245:Sripadaraja
1085:Chakradhara
1023:Mahanubhava
954:Sampradayas
879:Mahabharata
866:Pancharatra
718:Dhanvantari
712:Other forms
649:Dashavatara
595:Vaishnavism
556:Prayāgarāja
515:Śrī Nāthajī
314:Gokulanatha
232:Braj Bhasha
178:Śrī Nāthajī
151:Vaishnavism
80:Vaishnavism
3736:Categories
3583:20 January
3558:20 January
2978:References
2946:Pushtimarg
2936:Shrinathji
2755:Philosophy
2616:Kama Sutra
2502:Upanishads
2130:Jayatirtha
2060:(Mayavada)
2048:Prabhākara
1838:Bhedabheda
1604:Kshatriyas
1548:Govardhana
1507:Viṣṇusvāmī
1457:śāstrārtha
1409:Dadu panth
1372:Pushtimarg
1345:Krishnaism
1185:Ram Charan
1110:Jñāneśvara
1100:Jayatirtha
1090:Dadu Dayal
995:Tattvavada
861:Vaikhanasa
856:Upanishads
753:Shrinathji
681:Parasurama
531:brahmacārī
491:Puṣṭimārga
410:Jagannātha
348:Taittirīya
193:asceticism
147:Puṣṭimārga
145:-centered
123:Philosophy
117:Puṣṭimārga
3634:cite book
3512:Barz 1992
3457:Saha 2004
3423:Saha 2004
3408:Saha 2004
3396:Barz 1992
3384:Saha 2004
3372:Barz 1992
3355:Barz 1992
3343:Saha 2004
3331:Barz 1992
3312:163921774
3217:Barz 1992
3205:Barz 1992
3178:Barz 1992
3166:Barz 1992
3154:Barz 1992
3142:Barz 1992
3130:Barz 1992
3118:Barz 1992
3063:Barz 1992
3021:Saha 2004
3009:Barz 2018
2916:Bhagavata
2721:Aṇubhāṣya
2710:Subhodinī
2626:Tirumurai
2484:Yajurveda
2388:Patanjali
2341:Aurobindo
2306:Bamakhepa
2240:Sankardev
2069:Gaudapada
1743:Heterodox
1606:, 5 were
1560:Bhumihars
1489:from the
1389:Ramanandi
1340:Munitraya
1335:Vadakalai
1270:Vidyapati
1235:Sankardev
1190:Ramananda
1145:Nathamuni
1140:Nammalvar
1120:Madhavdev
1095:Harivansh
1080:Chaitanya
921:Bhagavata
892:Harivamsa
733:Jagannath
728:Hayagriva
671:Narasimha
499:Jharkhand
386:Education
354:Yajurveda
325:Childhood
197:Aṇubhāṣya
48:1478-1479
3708:Vallabha
3681:Vaḍodara
3666:Gujarati
3619:. Brill.
3304:25194699
3259:(2007).
3243:43731333
2961:Nimbarka
2951:Ramanuja
2909:See also
2844:and the
2662:Hinduism
2549:Shastras
2489:Samaveda
2424:Valluvar
2195:Nimbarka
2155:Vallabha
2099:Ramanuja
1987:Acharyas
1983:Teachers
1902:Shaivite
1810:Smartist
1771:Buddhism
1757:Charvaka
1680:Orthodox
1656:a series
1654:Part of
1608:Vaishyas
1600:Brahmins
1592:Patidars
1532:Kannauja
1493:and the
1360:Sahajiya
1355:Haridasa
1330:Tenkalai
1260:Vallabha
1255:Tulsidas
1195:Ramanuja
1150:Nimbarka
1135:Namadeva
1043:Sant Mat
1038:Ramsnehi
926:Naradiya
886:Ramayana
770:Consorts
691:Balarama
586:a series
584:Part of
567:Balarāma
539:Viṭṭhala
452:Tirupati
345:and the
248:Sanskrit
149:sect of
135:Vallabha
87:Children
76:Hinduism
72:Religion
66:, India)
62:(now in
60:Vāṇārasī
40:Personal
25:Vallabha
3701:at the
3600:English
3595:Sources
3477:539-540
2931:Krishna
2887:samsara
2850:Maryāda
2842:maryāda
2831:maryāda
2823:pravāha
2819:maryāda
2791:Brahman
2785:Brahman
2778:raslila
2601:Puranas
2479:Rigveda
2417:Secular
2365:Samkhya
2058:Advaita
2038:Jaimini
2028:Mīmāṃsā
1820:Advaita
1778:Jainism
1764:Ājīvika
1729:Vedanta
1722:Mīmāṃsā
1694:Samkhya
1612:Shudras
1584:Bhatias
1580:Vaniyas
1568:Gurjars
1564:Rajputs
1556:Gujarat
1540:Mathurā
1528:Dvārakā
1476:of the
1414:Mahanam
1399:Balmiki
1377:Gaudiya
1250:Tukaram
1200:Ravidas
1058:Warkari
1028:Pranami
909:Puranas
819:Hanuman
808:Related
802:Alamelu
797:Rukmini
777:Lakshmi
763:Vithoba
696:Krishna
625:Krishna
563:avatāra
554:across
480:svarūpa
380:Mathurā
298:Kallola
226:Sources
184:of the
153:in the
107:Vedanta
3673:Śāstrī
3483:
3310:
3302:
3269:
3241:
3237:: 89.
2825:. The
2821:, and
2799:Kr̥ṣṇa
2553:Sutras
2462:Smriti
2404:Kaṇāda
2372:Kapila
2355:Others
2278:Shakta
2273:Tantra
2114:Dvaita
1852:Dvaita
1785:Ajñana
1590:, and
1588:Kanbis
1578:, and
1576:Kurmis
1546:, and
1544:Gokula
1503:ācārya
1499:ācārya
1486:ācārya
1394:Kapadi
1382:ISKCON
1011:Others
999:Dvaita
991:Brahma
981:Kumara
931:Garuda
916:Vishnu
829:Shasta
824:Shesha
814:Garuda
748:Prithu
738:Mohini
701:Buddha
676:Vamana
666:Varaha
656:Matsya
621:Vishnu
519:Ambālā
486:mantra
444:temple
419:mantra
406:temple
318:ācārya
242:, and
182:ācārya
143:Kr̥ṣṇa
3308:S2CID
3300:JSTOR
3239:JSTOR
2921:Vyasa
2883:jivas
2875:jivas
2871:jagat
2865:Jagat
2859:pusti
2854:Puṣṭi
2846:puṣṭi
2835:puṣṭi
2827:puṣṭi
2815:puṣṭi
2809:Puṣṭi
2648:Kural
2471:Vedas
2457:Śruti
1998:Nyaya
1708:Nyaya
1647:Works
1630:Death
1572:Ahirs
1115:Kabir
971:Rudra
936:Padma
851:Vedas
792:Radha
782:Bhumi
706:Kalki
661:Kurma
433:śloka
137:, or
103:Order
3640:link
3585:2022
3560:2022
3481:ISBN
3267:ISBN
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