678:
666:
2748:
837:. One of the main issues of IUU is that a lot of the fish that is caught in the Gulf of Guinea is fish that is unreported when caught. This causes overfishing and overfishing causes depleting fisheries all around the region. IUU fishing also becomes a severe issue in the region because it allows fishermen to fish in vessels that are not nationally regulated or managed. Furthermore, can these vessels threaten people's human security due to poor working conditions and poorly regulated boats. Many of the IUU fishing boats are old, rusty and often in poor condition.
49:
292:
29:
278:
3646:
3634:
2758:
1699:
268:
809:
maritime security. The other notable crimes in the Gulf of Guinea are illegal fishing, kidnapping for ransom, drug trafficking and oil-bunkering. Illegal oil-bunkering consists of the attacking of vessels transporting oil and transferring the oil to the thieves’ own vessel, after which the oil is sold in local and international markets. Illegal oil bunkering at sea is mainly prevalent in the
Nigerian waters.
56:
654:
476:, less famous than Ghana but nevertheless for many centuries famed in the Maghrib as a great market and a seat of learning. The relevant passage reads: "The Kingdom of Ghinea . . . called by the merchants of our nation Gheneoa, by the natural inhabitants thereof Genni and by the Portugals and other people of Europe Ghinea." But it seems more probable that Guinea derives from
886:
873:
in the gulf of Guinea has dropped since its peak in 2020, is it still a pressing issue in the region. Many pirate groups in the Gulf of Guinea often recruit unemployed and underemployed fishermen. This has become highly lucrative due to poor wages and little to no money going around. Often have these
840:
Both small-scale and large-scale fisheries often do illegal fishing in the Gulf of Guinea In the Gulf of Guinea can we see severe blue crime spillover effects of IUU through both piracy and human trafficking. Economic activity in the Gulf of Guinea has given rise to maritime piracy in the region. It
861:
in the Gulf of Guinea on illegal fishing boats. The EJF reports that through their studies they found that some fishermen and immigrant workers have been forced to work on fishing boats in the Gulf of Guinea for months at a time without access to land. Some of these workers were deployed to sea each
812:
Kidnapping for ransom is also one of the most prevalent maritime crimes in the region. Between 2018 and 2019, the number of crew members that were kidnapped in the Gulf of Guinea increased by 50%, leading the region to account for 90% of global kidnappings at sea. About 92% of the hostage-taking and
808:
Climate change has become a huge problem in the Gulf of Guinea and as a consequence has different
Maritime security issues become more pressing. These maritime security crimes are characterized not only by piracy but by a myriad of maritime crimes despite piracy often dominating the conversation on
468:. The present writer finds this unacceptable. The name Guinea has been in use both in the Maghrib and in Europe long before Prince Henry's time. For example, on a map dated about 1320 by the Genoese cartographer Giovanni di Carignano, who got his information about Africa from a fellow-countryman in
865:
Many workers are paid in boxes of what the EJF called “trash fish" -caught as by-catch- and then the way they would earn money was to further sell this fish. Other reports of forced labor on illegal fishing boats report poor and non-existent safety equipment. Little to no hygiene standards, poor
825:
has become a severe problem in the Gulf of Guinea. In 2000 were there reports of 212,800 tons of fish caught and in 2012 has this number increased by 9 percent to 232,200 tons. IUU consequently creates spillover problems to the social, economic and environmental life in the Gulf of Guinea. It
801:
Multiple institutional mandates address maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea: the
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS). Additionally, maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea is also addressed by the Gulf of Guinea
862:
day in canoes and in the night where they were forced to return to the mother ship to unload fish. Many illegal fishing boats have operated like such for many years and the workers are often contracted for two years at a time, with no chance to visit home or at times even land in general.
480:, the Berber for Negro. Marrakech has a gate, built in the twelfth century, called the Bab Aguinaou, the Gate of the Negro (Delafosse, Haut-Sénégal-Niger, II, 277-278). The modern application of the name Guinea to the coast dates only from 1481. In that year the Portuguese built a fort,
813:
73% of kidnappings happening in and around Africa are happening in the Gulf of Guinea. There is also a large issue of drug trafficking in the Gulf of Guinea and the region has over the last few years become a haven for drug trafficking mainly from South
America into Europe.
874:
local fishermen been lured into the prospect of quick easy money and as a result sold their fishing boats to other pirates in the Gulf. Depliting fishing stocks encourages fishermen to engage in piracy and more violence in the region is occurring.
826:
presents a direct threat to the national security of the coastal states in the Gulf of Guinea. IUU has been linked to multiple issues and forms of organized crime. Some of these crimes are arms trafficking, drug smuggling, forced labor,
1041:
798:
Maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea consists of 18 sovereign states. Where most of the maritime security issues in the Gulf of Guinea have terrible consequences for the shipping industry.
805:
There has been a 60% population growth in the Gulf of Guinea since 2000, which consequently leads people to resort to hijacking, kidnapping, robberies and more due to food shortages.
2490:
2275:
1119:
931:
2160:
1357:
2400:
677:
452:“Guinea” is thought to have originated from a local name for an area in the region, although the specifics are disputed. Bovill (1995) gives a thorough description:
2135:
2395:
1865:
1206:"The Cyclical Nature of Maritime Security Threats: Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing as a Threat to Human and National Security in the Gulf of Guinea"
4370:
1890:
772:. They are located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) apart and about 250 and 225 kilometres (155 and 140 mi), respectively, off the northwestern coast of
1900:
2500:
2155:
2150:
2145:
1880:
2435:
2140:
2130:
1930:
1875:
1870:
1100:
Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of Denmark. (2018). Gulf of Guinea Maritime Security Programme, 2019-2021. Copenhagen: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark.
2485:
492:, and their king, John II, was permitted by the Pope to style himself Lord of Guinea, a title that survived until the recent extinction of the monarchy.
2465:
1925:
1910:
1905:
1810:
2595:
2190:
2035:
2641:
1945:
1935:
1920:
1915:
1266:
2666:
2636:
2555:
2445:
2255:
2020:
1840:
1350:
1940:
1860:
2681:
2285:
2100:
2065:
2060:
2015:
1815:
2651:
2520:
2460:
2360:
2310:
2300:
2265:
2305:
2200:
2165:
2105:
2010:
1970:
472:, we find Gunuia, and in the Catalan atlas of 1375 as Ginyia. A passage in Leo (vol. III, 822) points to Guinea having been a corrupt form of
4493:
2580:
2565:
2550:
2545:
2480:
2325:
2320:
2120:
2075:
2055:
2050:
1975:
1820:
984:
2410:
2585:
2515:
2375:
2340:
2280:
1985:
1955:
1343:
1111:
3684:
2530:
2525:
2475:
2420:
2175:
822:
81:
2575:
2470:
2440:
2415:
2390:
2335:
2330:
2090:
2045:
935:
2290:
665:
653:
1325:
547:
2793:
1734:
696:
The Gulf of Guinea contains a number of islands, the largest of which are in a southwest-northeast chain, forming part of the
4415:
368:
1146:"MARITIME INSECURITY IN THE GULF OF GUINEA (GoG) AND THE QUEST FOR SECURITY INTELLIGENCE DEPLOYMENT IN COMBATING THE MENACE"
4523:
4488:
4508:
3924:
48:
4503:
4498:
4483:
212:
4513:
985:"From the Griot of Roots to the Roots of Griot: A New Look at the Origins of a Controversial African Term for Bard"
3677:
1192:
4250:
3944:
619:
588:
553:
4265:
3762:
958:
753:
177:
4390:
3847:
1029:
Reconciling international priorities with local needs DENMARK AS A NEW SECURITY ACTOR IN THE GULF OF GUINEA
899:
185:
4528:
4225:
3670:
3012:
2786:
1727:
1535:
4160:
1281:
1205:
1163:
1063:
361:
4518:
2085:
849:
as a consequence of IUU fishing, depleting fish stock and large competition of resources and food.
834:
283:
995:
4478:
4360:
2964:
2455:
1267:"Counter-piracy in the Gulf of Guinea must not overlook local struggle and suffering | DIIS"
1248:
2646:
833:
IUU depletes fish stocks in the area and causes issues for fishermen and the local population's
3877:
3285:
764:
in 1975. It is located off the western equatorial coast of Africa and consists of two islands,
717:
1895:
504:(north of the Gulf of Guinea), which became known as "Upper Guinea", and to the west coast of
4302:
4260:
4255:
4170:
4033:
3852:
3772:
3767:
2810:
2806:
2779:
2000:
1720:
3956:
3132:
1499:
765:
354:
221:
3777:
932:"Limits of Oceans and Seas, Draft 4th Edition: North Atlantic Ocean and its Sub-Divisions"
481:
8:
4375:
4355:
4220:
3892:
3800:
3433:
3227:
2856:
2686:
1665:
489:
4435:
4340:
3949:
3897:
3428:
3325:
2969:
2831:
2671:
2195:
2095:
756:(officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe) is a Portuguese-speaking
1335:
1321:
582:
4365:
4345:
4297:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4085:
3830:
3825:
3815:
3810:
3187:
3137:
2929:
2871:
2656:
2180:
1950:
1777:
1625:
1504:
1301:
1145:
1083:
1033:
846:
734:
region of
Cameroon in the Gulf of Guinea under the sovereignty of Equatorial Guinea.
707:
683:
520:
233:
181:
169:
1885:
716:
is an island off the west coast of Africa in the Gulf of Guinea that is part of the
546:
Different definitions of the geographic limits of the Gulf of Guinea are given; the
4457:
4445:
4430:
4410:
4395:
4270:
3934:
3912:
3448:
3300:
2851:
2771:
2706:
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2510:
2450:
2240:
2225:
2210:
1995:
1293:
1225:
1217:
1175:
1075:
891:
528:
2215:
1297:
1221:
1179:
1079:
229:
4452:
4245:
4180:
4165:
4130:
4100:
3996:
3713:
3568:
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3518:
3438:
3102:
3097:
3082:
3052:
3017:
2939:
2836:
2631:
2070:
2030:
1850:
1540:
1469:
1464:
1448:
1407:
1329:
909:
713:
505:
497:
253:
4350:
3212:
2355:
1650:
4440:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4090:
4063:
3981:
3929:
3902:
3887:
3862:
3805:
3782:
3705:
3508:
3488:
3453:
3443:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3242:
3232:
3122:
2989:
2841:
2818:
2729:
2724:
2025:
2005:
1990:
1855:
1835:
1787:
1762:
1680:
1670:
1489:
1367:
783:
441:
437:
414:
386:
326:
316:
135:
128:
1037:
550:
defines the southwest extent of the Gulf of Guinea as "B line from Cap Lopez (
4472:
4240:
4006:
4001:
3991:
3963:
3867:
3650:
3638:
3458:
3350:
3320:
3305:
3295:
3275:
3202:
3172:
3127:
3117:
3092:
3072:
3042:
3022:
2934:
2909:
2762:
2752:
2701:
2676:
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2621:
2495:
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2230:
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1980:
1965:
1960:
1772:
1703:
1640:
1610:
1580:
1570:
1545:
1494:
1484:
1402:
1305:
1193:
https://www.nupi.no/content/pdf_preview/25964/file/rapport-lucas-oliveira.pdf
1164:"The Impact of Illegal Fishing on Maritime Piracy: Evidence from West Africa"
1087:
1064:"The Impact of Illegal Fishing on Maritime Piracy: Evidence from West Africa"
842:
777:
757:
743:
697:
634:
621:
603:
590:
568:
555:
516:
511:
Today, the word "Guinea" is found in the names of three countries in Africa (
344:
336:
291:
237:
96:
83:
34:
3693:
616:); and thence a line from Ihléu Gago Coutinho northwestward to Cape Palmas (
4400:
4215:
4053:
3973:
3907:
3882:
3820:
3503:
3378:
3330:
3315:
3310:
3290:
3257:
3237:
3222:
3207:
3182:
3167:
3157:
3112:
3067:
3057:
3047:
3032:
2997:
2919:
2901:
2826:
2626:
2505:
2250:
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2115:
1845:
1767:
1675:
1660:
1645:
1620:
1605:
1600:
1565:
1550:
1520:
1479:
1417:
1412:
747:
331:
321:
277:
241:
28:
4385:
4330:
4292:
4287:
4280:
4235:
4230:
4207:
4078:
4048:
4043:
3792:
3752:
3747:
3581:
3553:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3478:
3473:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3358:
3270:
3265:
3217:
3192:
3007:
2959:
2954:
2924:
2914:
2891:
2861:
2734:
2535:
2270:
1805:
1757:
1655:
1630:
1585:
1530:
1432:
540:
501:
433:
429:
406:
398:
145:
116:
786:. São Tomé, the sizeable southern island, is situated just north of the
769:
225:
4335:
4309:
4145:
4135:
4125:
4073:
4058:
4023:
3939:
3757:
3725:
3617:
3591:
3558:
3548:
3493:
3373:
3280:
3247:
3177:
3147:
3142:
3087:
3077:
3037:
3027:
3002:
2974:
2949:
2881:
2866:
2590:
2560:
2540:
2405:
2370:
2350:
2345:
2315:
2125:
2110:
2080:
1685:
1615:
1590:
1575:
1555:
1525:
1422:
1397:
1381:
1230:
905:
731:
390:
3633:
2757:
1698:
1027:
703:
245:
4405:
4325:
4195:
3872:
3857:
3835:
3513:
3483:
3408:
3388:
3383:
3368:
3340:
3197:
3162:
3152:
3062:
2979:
2886:
2846:
2600:
2570:
2430:
2425:
2385:
2380:
2365:
2295:
2170:
1830:
1825:
1635:
1595:
1560:
1427:
524:
469:
422:
3662:
816:
473:
4150:
4140:
4011:
3735:
3586:
3576:
3543:
3498:
3468:
3463:
3363:
2944:
2876:
2260:
2185:
761:
418:
165:
267:
4028:
3986:
3917:
3730:
3335:
2605:
1782:
787:
780:
737:
465:
428:
Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the
410:
402:
249:
161:
141:
123:
1282:"Piracy as a result of IUU fishing: Challenging the causal link"
706:, also known as Pagalu or Pigalua, is an island that is part of
4420:
4380:
4155:
4038:
3740:
3697:
1712:
934:. International Hydrographic Organization. 2002. Archived from
827:
727:
512:
485:
457:
189:
33:
Gulf of Guinea map showing the chain of islands formed by the
4425:
4068:
3607:
2802:
773:
723:
686:
of the Gulf of Guinea showing borders of states on its shores
461:
394:
304:
217:
173:
157:
149:
841:
is evident that in the Gulf of Guinea is there more piracy,
4018:
3840:
1162:
Denton, Ginger L.; Harris, Jonathan R. (November 2, 2021).
1112:"Stark increase in kidnapping at sea in the Gulf of Guinea"
153:
3612:
852:
959:"Where Do the Prime Meridian and the Equator Intersect?"
539:
The main river dispensing its waters in the gulf is the
460:
is usually said to have been a corrupt form of the name
1365:
4371:
List of countries where Arabic is an official language
750:
are two small islands belonging to
Equatorial Guinea.
1062:
Denton, Ginger L.; Harris, Jonathan R. (2021-11-02).
508:(to the east), which became known as "Lower Guinea".
2801:
881:
500:" was also previously applied to the south coast of
16:
Northeasternmost part of the tropical
Atlantic Ocean
760:in the Gulf of Guinea that became independent from
1279:
817:Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing (IUU)
4470:
866:accommodation standards, and very little food.
691:
74:
1203:
1032:. Danish Institute for International Studies.
3678:
2787:
1728:
1351:
740:is an island belonging to Equatorial Guinea.
385:is the northeasternmost part of the tropical
362:
296:Map with five-oceans (approximate boundaries)
1204:Okafor-Yarwood, Ifesinachi (April 2, 2020).
1161:
1061:
823:Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing
203:2,350,000 km (910,000 sq mi)
3685:
3671:
2794:
2780:
1735:
1721:
1358:
1344:
1280:Jesperson, Sasha; Henriksen, Rune (2022).
369:
355:
290:
276:
266:
1322:The Gulf of Guinea Commission – CGG – GGC
1229:
956:
436:. The coastline on the gulf includes the
1243:
1241:
1109:
271:
1157:
1155:
548:International Hydrographic Organization
272:Earth's ocean, showing common divisions
4471:
1140:
1138:
1136:
853:Further Blue Crime Consequences of IUU
671:Different limits of the Gulf of Guinea
55:
4416:Portuguese-speaking African countries
3692:
3666:
2775:
1716:
1339:
1238:
926:
924:
583:Ihléu Gago Coutinho (Ilhéu das Rôlas)
464:, picked up by the Portuguese in the
409:, defined as the intersection of the
4494:Bodies of water of Equatorial Guinea
1152:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
793:
659:Old French map of the Gulf of Guinea
1168:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
1133:
1068:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
957:Rosenberg, Matt (30 January 2020).
13:
921:
14:
4540:
1315:
1094:
1055:
1012:
3645:
3644:
3632:
2756:
2746:
2491:Saint Francis Bay (Eastern Cape)
1742:
1697:
1253:Environmental Justice Foundation
982:
884:
857:There have been many reports of
676:
664:
652:
54:
47:
27:
1273:
1259:
1197:
1186:
1122:from the original on 2021-06-02
1110:Nicoloso, Giulia (2020-07-17).
1044:from the original on 2022-02-12
4251:Guinean Forests of West Africa
1103:
976:
950:
776:. Both islands are part of an
581:), in Gabon, northwestward to
1:
4266:Guinean forest-savanna mosaic
3763:Cameroonian Highlands forests
1298:10.1080/10246029.2022.2049329
1222:10.1080/19392206.2020.1724432
1180:10.1080/1057610X.2019.1594660
1080:10.1080/1057610X.2019.1594660
915:
692:Islands in the Gulf of Guinea
4391:Middle East and North Africa
3848:East African montane forests
900:Cetacean strandings in Ghana
534:
186:Democratic Republic of Congo
7:
4524:Gulfs of the Atlantic Ocean
4489:Bodies of water of Cameroon
877:
312:Main five oceans division:
10:
4545:
4509:Bodies of water of Nigeria
3013:American Mediterranean Sea
1536:American Mediterranean Sea
821:IUU fishing also known as
4318:
4206:
4161:Indian Ocean coastal belt
4099:
3972:
3791:
3704:
3626:
3600:
3567:
3349:
3256:
2988:
2900:
2817:
2743:
2715:
2614:
1796:
1748:
1694:
1513:
1457:
1441:
1390:
1374:
523:), and in one country in
211:
207:
199:
195:
134:
122:
112:
73:
42:
26:
21:
4504:Bodies of water of Ghana
4499:Bodies of water of Gabon
4484:Bodies of water of Benin
2819:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
1249:"Pirate Fishing Exposed"
1116:Critical Maritime Routes
284:thermohaline circulation
4514:Bodies of water of Togo
4361:Guineo-Congolian region
2965:Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea
2456:Porto Alexandre, Angola
2161:Enseada dos Três Irmãos
1286:African Security Review
447:
3286:Great Australian Bight
2276:Hirghīgo Bahir Selat’ē
494:
4303:West Sudanian savanna
4261:Lower Guinean forests
4256:Upper Guinean forests
4171:Cape Floristic Region
4034:Cataracts of the Nile
3853:Eastern Arc Mountains
3773:Congolian rainforests
3768:East Sudanian savanna
2396:Mietjie Frans se Baai
2001:Bay of Saint-Augustin
1366:Marginal seas of the
1234:– via CrossRef.
1182:– via CrossRef.
754:São Tomé and Príncipe
454:
342:Further subdivision:
178:São Tomé and Príncipe
3957:Zanzibar Archipelago
3925:Indian Ocean islands
3133:Gulf of St. Lawrence
2647:Canal de São Vicente
2401:Moraha Bahir Selat’ē
1891:Baia de Porto Amboim
1500:Gulf of St. Lawrence
397:, north and west to
4376:Mediterranean Basin
4356:Greater Middle East
3893:Ethiopian Highlands
3801:African Great Lakes
3434:Gulf of Carpentaria
3228:Sea of the Hebrides
2857:King Haakon VII Sea
2687:Strait of Gibraltar
2672:Mozambique Channel
2501:Saint Sebastian Bay
2156:Enseada do Quitungo
2151:Enseada do Quicombo
2146:Enseada do Chalungo
2136:Enseada de São Braz
1896:Baía de Santa Marta
1666:Sea of the Hebrides
859:forced labor at sea
802:Commission (GGC).
631: /
600: /
565: /
425:), is in the gulf.
93: /
4436:Sub-Saharan Africa
4341:Commonwealth realm
3950:Northern Highlands
3898:Dahlak Archipelago
3429:Gulf of California
3326:Mozambique Channel
2970:Queen Victoria Sea
2832:Bellingshausen Sea
2436:Plaatjieskraalbaai
2196:Ghoubbet-el-Kharab
2141:Enseada do Catumbo
2131:Enseada das Pombas
2096:Dakhlet Nouadhibou
1328:2018-09-23 at the
1026:Jessica., Larsen.
317:Antarctic/Southern
4529:Tropical Atlantic
4466:
4465:
4366:Islands of Africa
4346:Equatorial Africa
4298:Inner Niger Delta
4086:Tibesti Mountains
3945:Central Highlands
3831:Virunga Mountains
3826:Rift Valley lakes
3816:Great Rift Valley
3811:East African Rift
3778:Ouaddaï highlands
3660:
3659:
3639:Oceans portal
3188:Mediterranean Sea
3138:Gulf of Venezuela
2930:East Siberian Sea
2872:Riiser-Larsen Sea
2769:
2768:
2763:Oceans portal
2753:Africa portal
2657:Guardafui Channel
2486:Saint Francis Bay
2181:Fernao Veloso Bay
1951:Baie de Sangareya
1901:Baía de Sucujaque
1778:Mediterranean Sea
1710:
1709:
1704:Oceans portal
1626:Mediterranean Sea
1505:Gulf of Venezuela
847:human trafficking
794:Maritime security
708:Equatorial Guinea
684:Satellite imagery
521:Equatorial Guinea
490:Gold Coast region
482:São Jorge da Mina
379:
378:
259:
258:
182:Republic of Congo
170:Equatorial Guinea
124:Ocean/sea sources
4536:
4458:Zambezian region
4446:Sudanian savanna
4431:Southeast Africa
4411:Northeast Africa
4396:Miombo woodlands
4271:Guinea Highlands
3935:Lamu Archipelago
3913:Gulf of Tadjoura
3687:
3680:
3673:
3664:
3663:
3648:
3647:
3637:
3636:
3569:Endorheic basins
3449:Gulf of Thailand
3301:Gulf of Khambhat
2796:
2789:
2782:
2773:
2772:
2761:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2707:Zanzibar Channel
2697:Straits of Tiran
2692:Strait of Sicily
2596:Walvis Bay (bay)
2511:Sandwich Harbour
2451:Pointe-Noire Bay
2241:Gulf of Tadjoura
2226:Gulf of Hammamet
2191:Frederik se Baai
1996:Bay of Langarano
1881:Baía de Mossuril
1866:Baía da Condúcia
1737:
1730:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1702:
1701:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1310:
1309:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1210:African Security
1201:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1023:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1000:
994:. Archived from
989:
983:Hale, Thomas A.
980:
974:
973:
971:
969:
954:
948:
947:
945:
943:
928:
910:region of Guinea
894:
892:Geography portal
889:
888:
887:
680:
668:
656:
646:
645:
643:
642:
641:
636:
632:
629:
628:
627:
624:
615:
614:
612:
611:
610:
605:
601:
598:
597:
596:
593:
580:
579:
577:
576:
575:
570:
566:
563:
562:
561:
558:
529:Papua New Guinea
371:
364:
357:
297:
294:
287:
280:
273:
270:
261:
260:
125:
108:
107:
105:
104:
103:
98:
94:
91:
90:
89:
86:
76:
58:
57:
51:
31:
19:
18:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4519:Gulfs of Africa
4469:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4453:Tropical Africa
4314:
4202:
4181:Kalahari Desert
4166:Albany thickets
4131:Succulent Karoo
4095:
3997:Atlas Mountains
3968:
3787:
3700:
3691:
3661:
3656:
3631:
3622:
3596:
3563:
3539:South China Sea
3519:Seto Inland Sea
3439:Gulf of Fonseca
3345:
3252:
3103:Gulf of Finland
3098:Gulf of Bothnia
3083:English Channel
3053:Bay of Campeche
3018:Archipelago Sea
2984:
2940:Gulf of Boothia
2896:
2837:Cooperation Sea
2813:
2800:
2770:
2765:
2755:
2747:
2745:
2739:
2717:
2711:
2667:Massawa Channel
2637:Canal de Bolola
2632:Canal de Bolama
2610:
2556:Spoegrivierbaai
2446:Plettenbergbaai
2256:Hafun Bay South
2071:Chake-Chake Bay
2031:Bight of Biafra
1876:Baía de Mocambo
1871:Baía da Corimba
1851:Antsiranana Bay
1841:Angra de Cintra
1798:
1792:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1711:
1706:
1696:
1690:
1541:Archipelago Sea
1509:
1470:Gulf of Finland
1465:Gulf of Bothnia
1453:
1449:English Channel
1437:
1408:Bay of Campeche
1386:
1370:
1364:
1330:Wayback Machine
1318:
1313:
1278:
1274:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1247:
1246:
1239:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1187:
1174:(11): 938–957.
1160:
1153:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1123:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1074:(11): 938–957.
1060:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1024:
1013:
1004:
1002:
998:
987:
981:
977:
967:
965:
955:
951:
941:
939:
938:on 4 March 2016
930:
929:
922:
918:
890:
885:
883:
880:
855:
819:
796:
714:Bobowasi Island
694:
687:
681:
672:
669:
660:
657:
647:), in Liberia.
639:
637:
635:4.367°N 7.733°W
633:
630:
625:
622:
620:
618:
617:
608:
606:
604:0.017°S 6.533°E
602:
599:
594:
591:
589:
587:
586:
573:
571:
569:0.617°S 8.717°E
567:
564:
559:
556:
554:
552:
551:
537:
506:Southern Africa
450:
375:
299:
298:
295:
288:
281:
274:
138: countries
101:
99:
97:0.000°N 0.000°E
95:
92:
87:
84:
82:
80:
79:
69:
68:
67:
66:
65:
64:
63:
59:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4542:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4479:Gulf of Guinea
4464:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4441:Sudan (region)
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
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4320:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4276:Gulf of Guinea
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4191:Cape Peninsula
4188:
4186:Okavango Delta
4183:
4178:
4176:Skeleton Coast
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4105:
4103:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4091:Western Sahara
4088:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4064:Nuba Mountains
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3984:
3982:Eastern Desert
3978:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3937:
3932:
3930:Comoro Islands
3922:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3903:Hanish Islands
3900:
3895:
3890:
3888:Danakil Desert
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3863:Horn of Africa
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Albertine Rift
3797:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3783:Ennedi Plateau
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3719:Gulf of Guinea
3710:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3690:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3667:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3642:
3627:
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3610:
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3573:
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3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3509:Sea of Okhotsk
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3489:Philippine Sea
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3454:Gulf of Tonkin
3451:
3446:
3444:Gulf of Panama
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3424:Gulf of Anadyr
3421:
3419:Gulf of Alaska
3416:
3414:East China Sea
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3243:Tyrrhenian Sea
3240:
3235:
3233:Sea of Marmara
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3123:Gulf of Mexico
3120:
3115:
3110:
3108:Gulf of Guinea
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3048:Bay of Bothnia
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2990:Atlantic Ocean
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2842:Cosmonauts Sea
2839:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2799:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2730:Erythraean Sea
2727:
2725:Aethiopian Sea
2721:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2682:Shubuk Channel
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2466:Río de Oro Bay
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:Hottentotsbaai
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2221:Gulf of Guinea
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2101:Dalwakteah Bay
2098:
2093:
2088:
2086:Conception Bay
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2066:Cape Negro Bay
2063:
2061:Cape Cross Bay
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2026:Bight of Benin
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2006:Bay of Tangier
2003:
1998:
1993:
1991:Bay of Hawakil
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1926:Baía do Govuro
1923:
1918:
1913:
1911:Baía do Ambriz
1908:
1906:Baía de Tombua
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1886:Baía de Namibe
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1836:Ana Chaves Bay
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1816:Al Hoceima Bay
1813:
1811:Acheïl Dakhlet
1808:
1802:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1788:Southern Ocean
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1763:Atlantic Ocean
1760:
1754:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1681:Tyrrhenian Sea
1678:
1673:
1671:Sea of Marmara
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1490:Gulf of Mexico
1487:
1482:
1477:
1475:Gulf of Guinea
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:Atlantic Ocean
1363:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1317:
1316:External links
1314:
1312:
1311:
1292:(3): 245–260.
1272:
1258:
1237:
1216:(2): 116–146.
1196:
1185:
1151:
1132:
1102:
1093:
1054:
1011:
992:Oral Tradition
975:
949:
919:
917:
914:
913:
912:
902:
896:
895:
879:
876:
854:
851:
818:
815:
795:
792:
784:mountain range
718:Western Region
700:of volcanoes.
693:
690:
689:
688:
682:
675:
673:
670:
663:
661:
658:
651:
536:
533:
449:
446:
442:Bight of Bonny
438:Bight of Benin
417:(zero degrees
415:Prime Meridian
387:Atlantic Ocean
383:Gulf of Guinea
377:
376:
374:
373:
366:
359:
351:
348:
347:
340:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
308:
307:
301:
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289:
275:
265:
264:
257:
256:
215:
209:
208:
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204:
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197:
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192:
139:
132:
131:
129:Atlantic Ocean
126:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
77:
71:
70:
62:Gulf of Guinea
61:
60:
53:
52:
46:
45:
44:
43:
40:
39:
32:
24:
23:
22:Gulf of Guinea
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4541:
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4339:
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4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:Macro-regions
4317:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
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4290:
4289:
4286:
4282:
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4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4246:Guinea region
4244:
4242:
4241:Cape Mesurado
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
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4213:
4211:
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4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4107:
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4104:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4007:Gibraltar Arc
4005:
4003:
4002:Barbary Coast
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3992:Ancient Libya
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3965:
3964:Swahili coast
3962:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3868:Afar Triangle
3866:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3714:Guinea region
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3653:
3652:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3459:Halmahera Sea
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3351:Pacific Ocean
3348:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Laccadive Sea
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3306:Gulf of Kutch
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Gulf of Aqaba
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3276:Bay of Bengal
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:Norwegian Sea
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:Levantine Sea
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3128:Gulf of Sidra
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:Gulf of Maine
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:Greenland Sea
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3073:Caribbean Sea
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:Bay of Biscay
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:Argentine Sea
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:Greenland Sea
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:Amundsen Gulf
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2852:D'Urville Sea
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2702:Tigres Strait
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Pemba Channel
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Mafia Channel
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:Canal do Meio
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:Canal de Caió
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2622:Bab-el-Mandeb
2620:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Skoonbergbaai
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2496:St Helena Bay
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:Prinzen Bucht
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:McDougall Bay
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2311:John Owen Bay
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:Inhambane Bay
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:Harrison Cove
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:Gulf of Tunis
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:Gulf of Sidra
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2216:Gulf of Gabès
2214:
2212:
2211:Gulf of 'Agig
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Bombetoka Bay
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:Bay of Beylul
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:Bay of Arguin
1964:
1962:
1961:Bay of Anfile
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1946:Baie de Gorée
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Baía do Nzeto
1934:
1932:
1931:Baía do Lúrio
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:Baía do Dande
1919:
1917:
1916:Baía do Bengo
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Levantine Sea
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1747:
1738:
1733:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1705:
1700:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1641:Norwegian Sea
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1611:Levantine Sea
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1581:Greenland Sea
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1571:Caribbean Sea
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Argentine Sea
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:Gulf of Sidra
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1485:Gulf of Maine
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1403:Bay of Biscay
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1242:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1194:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1001:on 2017-12-02
997:
993:
986:
979:
964:
960:
953:
937:
933:
927:
925:
920:
911:
907:
904:Guineaman, a
903:
901:
898:
897:
893:
882:
875:
872:
867:
863:
860:
850:
848:
844:
838:
836:
835:food security
831:
829:
824:
814:
810:
806:
803:
799:
791:
789:
785:
782:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
758:island nation
755:
751:
749:
745:
744:Elobey Grande
741:
739:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
719:
715:
711:
709:
705:
701:
699:
698:Cameroon line
685:
679:
674:
667:
662:
655:
650:
649:
648:
644:
640:4.367; -7.733
613:
609:-0.017; 6.533
584:
578:
574:-0.617; 8.717
549:
544:
542:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
517:Guinea-Bissau
514:
509:
507:
503:
499:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
453:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
372:
367:
365:
360:
358:
353:
352:
350:
349:
346:
345:Marginal seas
343:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
305:Earth's ocean
303:
302:
293:
286:seawater flow
285:
279:
269:
263:
262:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:Elobey Grande
235:
231:
230:Ilhéu Bom Bom
227:
223:
219:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
121:
118:
115:
113:River sources
111:
106:
78:
72:
50:
41:
36:
35:Cameroon line
30:
25:
20:
4401:Mittelafrika
4351:Françafrique
4275:
4216:Pepper Coast
4054:Middle Egypt
3908:Gulf of Aden
3883:Danakil Alps
3821:Gregory Rift
3718:
3649:
3630:
3504:Sea of Japan
3379:Bismarck Sea
3331:Persian Gulf
3316:Gulf of Suez
3311:Gulf of Oman
3291:Gulf of Aden
3258:Indian Ocean
3238:Thracian Sea
3223:Sea of Crete
3213:Sea of Åland
3208:Sargasso Sea
3183:Ligurian Sea
3168:Labrador Sea
3158:Irminger Sea
3113:Gulf of Lion
3107:
3068:Bothnian Sea
3058:Bay of Fundy
3033:Balearic Sea
2998:Adriatic Sea
2920:Beaufort Sea
2902:Arctic Ocean
2827:Amundsen Sea
2627:Bab Iskender
2506:Saldanha Bay
2356:Lüderitz Bay
2306:Jammer Bucht
2251:Gulf of Zula
2236:Gulf of Suez
2220:
2206:Gulf of Aden
2201:Grosse Bucht
2166:Equimina Bay
2116:Dungonab Bay
2106:Deurloopbaai
2036:Bocock’s Bay
2011:Benguela Bay
1971:Bay of Arzew
1941:Baía do Suto
1861:Baía Almeida
1846:Antongil Bay
1768:Indian Ocean
1743:African seas
1676:Thracian Sea
1661:Sea of Crete
1651:Sea of Åland
1646:Sargasso Sea
1621:Ligurian Sea
1606:Labrador Sea
1601:Irminger Sea
1566:Bothnian Sea
1551:Balearic Sea
1521:Adriatic Sea
1480:Gulf of Lion
1474:
1418:Bothnian Bay
1413:Bay of Fundy
1289:
1285:
1275:
1261:
1252:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1188:
1171:
1167:
1124:. Retrieved
1115:
1105:
1096:
1071:
1067:
1057:
1046:. Retrieved
1028:
1003:. Retrieved
996:the original
991:
978:
966:. Retrieved
962:
952:
940:. Retrieved
936:the original
870:
869:Even though
868:
864:
858:
856:
843:forced labor
839:
832:
820:
811:
807:
804:
800:
797:
752:
748:Elobey Chico
742:
736:
722:
712:
702:
695:
545:
538:
510:
495:
484:(modern-day
477:
455:
451:
427:
382:
380:
341:
311:
242:Elobey Chico
234:Ilhéu Caroço
200:Surface area
102:0.000; 0.000
37:of volcanoes
4386:Middle East
4331:Afromontane
4293:Niger Delta
4288:Niger Basin
4281:Dahomey Gap
4236:Cape Palmas
4231:Ivory Coast
4226:Slave Coast
4079:Upper Egypt
4049:Lower Nubia
4044:Lower Egypt
4019:Nile Valley
3753:Congo Basin
3748:Pool Malebo
3582:Caspian Sea
3554:Visayan Sea
3534:Solomon Sea
3529:Sibuyan Sea
3524:Shantar Sea
3479:Molucca Sea
3474:Mar de Grau
3404:Chilean Sea
3399:Celebes Sea
3394:Camotes Sea
3359:Arafura Sea
3271:Arabian Sea
3266:Andaman Sea
3218:Sea of Azov
3193:Myrtoan Sea
3008:Alboran Sea
2960:Pechora Sea
2955:Lincoln Sea
2925:Chukchi Sea
2915:Barents Sea
2892:Weddell Sea
2862:Lazarev Sea
2735:Sea of Zanj
2581:Tietiesbaai
2566:Swartstraat
2551:Spencer Bay
2546:Somnaasbaai
2536:Sodwana Bay
2481:Rooiwalbaai
2326:Lambert Bay
2321:Kiwaiyu Bay
2271:Henties Bay
2121:Durissa Bay
2076:Chameis Bay
2056:Cabinda Bay
2051:Bosluisbaai
2021:Betty’s Bay
1976:Bay of Aseb
1856:Arab's Gulf
1821:Algiers Bay
1806:Abu Qir Bay
1758:Alboran Sea
1656:Sea of Azov
1631:Myrtoan Sea
1586:Icarian Sea
1531:Alboran Sea
1433:Pottles Bay
1231:10023/23848
638: /
607: /
572: /
541:Niger River
502:West Africa
407:Null Island
399:Cape Palmas
146:Ivory Coast
100: /
75:Coordinates
4473:Categories
4336:Arab world
4310:Yorubaland
4221:Gold Coast
4146:Maputaland
4136:Nama Karoo
4126:Thembuland
4074:The Sudans
4059:Nile Delta
4024:Nile Delta
3940:Madagascar
3758:Chad Basin
3726:Cape Lopez
3618:Superocean
3592:Salton Sea
3559:Yellow Sea
3549:Tasman Sea
3494:Salish Sea
3374:Bering Sea
3281:Flores Sea
3248:Wadden Sea
3178:Libyan Sea
3148:Ionian Sea
3143:Hudson Bay
3088:Foxe Basin
3078:Celtic Sea
3038:Baltic Sea
3028:Baffin Bay
3003:Aegean Sea
2975:Wandel Sea
2950:Laptev Sea
2882:Scotia Sea
2867:Mawson Sea
2716:Historical
2591:Walker Bay
2586:Ungama Bay
2561:Struisbaai
2541:Sofala Bay
2516:Sierra Bay
2406:Mossel Bay
2376:Markusbaai
2371:Maputo Bay
2351:Luanda Bay
2346:Lobito Bay
2341:Loango Bay
2316:Kalawy Bay
2281:Horingbaai
2126:Elands Bay
2111:Doringbaai
2081:Chwaka Bay
2016:Bera’esoli
1986:Bay of Edd
1956:Bandombaai
1686:Wadden Sea
1616:Libyan Sea
1591:Ionian Sea
1576:Celtic Sea
1556:Baltic Sea
1526:Aegean Sea
1423:Hudson Bay
1398:Baffin Bay
1382:Foxe Basin
1126:2021-05-30
1048:2021-06-22
1038:1152018425
1005:2008-03-26
916:References
906:slave ship
830:and more.
732:Ambazonian
720:of Ghana.
496:The name "
488:), on the
470:Sijilmassa
391:Cape Lopez
4406:Negroland
4326:Aethiopia
4196:False Bay
3873:Al-Habash
3858:Serengeti
3836:Kavirondo
3514:Seram Sea
3484:Moro Gulf
3409:Coral Sea
3389:Bohol Sea
3384:Bohai Sea
3369:Banda Sea
3341:Timor Sea
3198:North Sea
3163:James Bay
3153:Irish Sea
3063:Black Sea
2980:White Sea
2887:Somov Sea
2847:Davis Sea
2601:Yawri Bay
2571:Table Bay
2531:Slangbaai
2526:Skurfbaai
2476:Roode Bay
2431:Pipas Bay
2426:Pemba Bay
2421:Oran Gulf
2386:Menai Bay
2381:Memba Bay
2366:Manza Bay
2296:Hydra Bay
2176:Farta Bay
2171:False Bay
1831:Ambas Bay
1826:Algoa Bay
1636:North Sea
1596:Irish Sea
1561:Black Sea
1428:James Bay
1306:1024-6029
1088:1057-610X
963:ThoughtCo
908:from the
535:Geography
525:Melanesia
456:The name
423:longitude
282:Earth's
4151:Highveld
4141:Bushveld
4109:Rhodesia
4012:Ifriqiya
3878:Barbaria
3736:Igboland
3651:Category
3587:Dead Sea
3577:Aral Sea
3544:Sulu Sea
3499:Savu Sea
3469:Koro Sea
3464:Java Sea
3364:Bali Sea
2945:Kara Sea
2877:Ross Sea
2576:Thysbaai
2471:Rock Bay
2441:Platbaai
2416:Noopbaai
2411:Möwebaai
2391:Meob Bay
2336:Langbaai
2331:Lamu Bay
2261:Hann Bay
2186:Foul Bay
2091:Cuio Bay
2046:Bootbaai
1799:and bays
1751:and seas
1442:Channels
1326:Archived
1120:Archived
1042:Archived
878:See also
781:volcanic
770:Príncipe
766:São Tomé
762:Portugal
730:off the
478:aguinaou
440:and the
432:and the
419:latitude
327:Atlantic
254:Bobowasi
226:Príncipe
222:São Tomé
166:Cameroon
4029:Bashmur
3987:Maghreb
3918:Red Sea
3731:Mayombe
3706:Central
3694:Regions
3336:Red Sea
2615:Straits
2606:Yof Bay
2291:Hurdiyo
1783:Red Sea
942:5 April
788:Equator
778:extinct
738:Corisco
704:Annobón
466:Maghrib
411:Equator
403:Liberia
337:Pacific
250:Corisco
246:Annobón
213:Islands
162:Nigeria
142:Liberia
4421:Sahara
4381:MENASA
4156:Fynbos
4039:Darfur
3741:Mbaise
3698:Africa
3601:Others
2807:oceans
1749:Oceans
1375:Basins
1304:
1086:
1036:
968:7 July
871:piracy
828:piracy
728:island
726:is an
626:7°44′W
623:4°22′N
595:6°32′E
592:0°01′S
560:8°43′E
557:0°37′S
519:, and
513:Guinea
498:Guinea
486:Elmina
458:Guinea
332:Indian
322:Arctic
190:Angola
4426:Sahel
4119:South
4114:North
4101:South
4069:Nubia
3974:North
3608:Ocean
2803:Earth
1797:Gulfs
1458:Gulfs
999:(PDF)
988:(PDF)
774:Gabon
724:Bioko
474:Jenne
462:Ghana
434:Volta
430:Niger
395:Gabon
389:from
218:Bioko
174:Gabon
158:Benin
150:Ghana
136:Basin
117:Niger
88:0°0′E
85:0°0′N
4208:West
3841:Zanj
3793:East
2811:seas
2809:and
2718:seas
1514:Seas
1391:Bays
1302:ISSN
1084:ISSN
1034:OCLC
970:2022
944:2017
845:and
768:and
746:and
448:Name
421:and
413:and
381:The
154:Togo
3696:of
3613:Sea
2805:'s
1294:doi
1226:hdl
1218:doi
1176:doi
1076:doi
531:).
401:in
393:in
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1251:.
1240:^
1224:.
1214:13
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1114:.
1082:.
1072:44
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1066:.
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1014:^
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543:.
515:,
444:.
405:.
252:,
248:,
244:,
240:,
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228:,
224:,
220:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
168:,
164:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
148:,
144:,
3686:e
3679:t
3672:v
2795:e
2788:t
2781:v
1736:e
1729:t
1722:v
1359:e
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1296::
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