1253:
1277:
1305:
961:
977:
1293:
27:
35:
404:
370:
591:
449:
416:
Isentropic draw-down is the draw-down of warmer, drier air from aloft. When the approaching winds are insufficiently strong to propel the low-level air up and over the mountain barrier, the airflow is said to be 'blocked' by the mountain and only air higher up near mountain-top level is able to pass
394:
When winds blow over elevated terrain, air forced upwards expands and cools due to the decrease in pressure with height. Since colder air can hold less water vapour, moisture condenses to form clouds and precipitates as rain or snow on the mountain's upwind slopes. The change of state from vapour to
434:
Dry Foehn conditions are responsible for the occurrence of rain shadows in the lee of mountains, where clear, sunny conditions prevail. This often leads to greater daytime radiative (solar) warming under Foehn conditions. This type of warming is particularly important in cold regions where snow or
576:
In some regions, Foehn winds are associated with causing circulatory problems, headaches, or similar ailments. Researchers have found, however, the Foehn wind's warm temperature to be beneficial to humans in most situations, and have theorised that the reported negative effects may be a result of
425:
When river water passes over rocks, turbulence is generated in the form of rapids, and white water reveals the turbulent mixing of the water with the air above. Similarly, as air passes over mountains, turbulence occurs and the atmosphere is mixed in the vertical. This mixing generally leads to a
399:
energy which heats the air, partially countering the cooling that occurs as the air rises. The subsequent removal of moisture as precipitation renders this heat gain by the air irreversible, leading to the warm, dry, Foehn conditions as the air descends in the mountain's lee. This mechanism has
385:
There are four known causes of the Foehn warming and drying effect. These mechanisms often act together, with their contributions varying depending on the size and shape of the mountain barrier and on the meteorological conditions, such as the upstream wind speed, temperature and humidity.
1252:
577:
secondary factors, such as changes in the electrical field or in the ion state of the atmosphere, the wind's relatively low humidity, or the generally unpleasant sensation of being in an environment with strong and gusty winds.
1276:
417:
over and down the lee slopes as Foehn winds. These higher source regions provide Foehn air that becomes warmer and drier on the leeside after it is compressed with descent due to the increase in pressure towards the surface.
1304:
400:
become a popular textbook example of atmospheric thermodynamics. However, the common occurrence of 'dry' Foehn events, where there is no precipitation, implies there must be other mechanisms.
205:
by as much as 14 °C (25 °F) in just a matter of hours. Switzerland, southern
Germany, and Austria have a warmer climate due to the Foehn, as moist winds off the
1577:
694:, which can be unusual compared to other Foehn winds in that the relative humidity typically changes little due to the increased moisture in the source air mass
549:
351:. Because Föhn later became a generic term that was extended to other mountain ranges around the world that experience similar phenomena, the name "
2060:
426:
downward warming and upward moistening of the cross-mountain airflow, and consequently to warmer, drier Foehn winds in the valleys downwind.
347:
was originally used to refer to the south wind which blows during the winter months and brings thaw conditions to the northern side of the
2000:
Elevated fire danger conditions associated with foehn-like winds in southeastern
Australia. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
540:
1725:
539:. The first clinical review of these effects was published by the Austrian physician Anton Czermak in the 19th century. A study by the
1798:
928:
on account of its extremely hot weather in summer resulting from the adiabatic warming effect created by mountains further south.
407:
Rotor cloud revealing overturning and turbulence above the lee slopes of the
Antarctic Peninsula during a westerly Foehn event
1639:
1527:
1499:
1471:
759:
377:
side, loses much of its water vapour content, and descends on the French plateau and valley of the Mont-Cenis range in the
1721:
See the documentary: Snow Eater (the
English translation of Canadian First Nations word phonetically pronounced chinook).
531:
Anecdotally, residents in areas of frequent Foehn winds have reported experiencing a variety of illnesses ranging from
1762:
Tuller, Stanton E. (April 1980). "The
Effects of a Foehn Wind on Human Thermal Exchange: The Canterbury Nor'wester".
1380:
859:) as manifested by the province's dry winters relative to those in the windward part of the region (Northern Iraq or
630:
488:
157:
114:
1880:
1855:
1292:
1695:
Giannini, AJ; Malone, DA; Piotrowski, TA (1986). "The serotonin irritation syndrome – a new clinical entity?".
1462:
612:
470:
509:. Accordingly, Foehn winds are known to contribute to the disintegration of ice shelves in the polar regions.
2084:
726:
2089:
608:
466:
1445:
730:
1653:"Foehn warming distributions in nonlinear and linear flow regimes: a focus on the Antarctic Peninsula"
1651:
Elvidge, Andrew D.; Renfrew, Ian A.; King, John C.; Orr, Andrew; Lachlan-Cope, Tom A. (January 2016).
1449:
1129:, as well as unusually mild temperatures in the cool or moderately cold winter climates north of the
767:
1823:
1742:
891:
in the Hakkâri
Province, which are roughly on the same latitude but are on the windward side of the
1956:
Romanić; et al. (2015). "Long-term trends of the 'Koshava' wind during the period 1949–2010".
1746:
1574:
1117:
wind, causing warm temperatures in the leeward side of mountains in the mild-winter climate of the
852:
271:
238:
2057:
1799:"Foehn Winds That Produced Large Temperature Differences near the Southern Appalachian Mountains"
1233:
601:
502:
459:
299:
202:
2079:
709:
winds of Santa
Barbara, are in some ways similar to the Föhn, but originate in dry deserts as a
501:
Winds of this type are also called "snow-eaters" for their ability to make snow and ice melt or
1818:
1194:
1069:
714:
1722:
1061:
1030:, resulting in extreme winter warming, including Scandinavia's warmest winter temperature in
915:
691:
547:
and accidents increased by 10 percent during Foehn winds in
Central Europe. The causation of
319:
1965:
1922:
1867:
1810:
1771:
1667:
1417:
1202:
1079:
323:
183:
2012:
8:
1101:
940:
932:
902:
722:
718:
505:
rapidly. This is a result not only of the warmth of Foehn air, but also its low relative
2047:
1969:
1926:
1871:
1814:
1775:
1671:
1421:
864:
553:(English: Foehn-sickness) is unproven. Labels for preparations of aspirin combined with
512:
Foehn winds are notorious among mountaineers in the Alps, especially those climbing the
1981:
1938:
1836:
1783:
1652:
1013:
960:
876:
746:
2042:
1310:
Foehn can be initiated when deep low-pressure systems move into Europe, drawing moist
1985:
1942:
1913:
Romanić; et al. (2015). "Contributing factors to
Koshava wind characteristics".
1840:
1704:
1635:
1523:
1495:
1467:
1376:
1283:
1065:
976:
684:
206:
888:
516:, for whom the winds add further difficulty in ascending an already difficult peak.
1973:
1930:
1875:
1828:
1779:
1675:
1543:
1425:
1225:
1214:
911:
892:
860:
817:
706:
666:
570:
378:
303:
285:
257:
194:
of moist and dry air, the air on the leeward slopes becomes warmer than equivalent
128:
122:
97:
91:
71:
1148:
2064:
1729:
1607:
1548:
1210:
825:
698:
676:
226:
187:
65:
20:
2099:
2052:
2032:
1349:
1329:
1206:
1027:
925:
736:
710:
171:
163:
2035:
The strong clouds at the mountain ridges where the Föhn winds form are called
1430:
1405:
1031:
352:
2094:
2073:
1856:"Unexpected Warming Induced by Foehn Winds in the Lee of the Smoky Mountains"
1487:
1334:
1311:
1267:
1159:
1055:
797:
680:
1344:
523:, making some regions which experience these winds particularly fire-prone.
39:
1339:
1023:
1005:
793:
763:
672:
566:
43:
1708:
1570:
1138:
643:
Regionally, these winds are known by many different names. These include:
26:
1515:
1457:
1453:
1359:
1259:
1180:
1130:
1047:
884:
841:
750:
396:
175:
1608:"22. Januar 2009 – Vor 100 Jahren: "Fön" ins Markenregister eingetragen"
1229:
1118:
965:
898:
856:
776:
702:
615: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
473: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
191:
34:
30:
The causes of the Foehn effect in the lee of mountains (adapted from: )
1977:
1934:
1832:
1198:
1142:
1093:
1038:
969:
907:
780:
669:
on the southwestern coast of Oregon, also known as the Chetco Effect.
536:
195:
179:
1680:
1399:
1397:
1263:
1173:
742:
713:. However, traditional Föhn conditions frequently prevail along the
590:
448:
403:
369:
77:
1354:
1218:
1166:
1134:
1097:
1087:
1041:
981:
652:
554:
532:
520:
506:
374:
253:
47:
1895:
1371:
McKnight, TL & Hess, Darrel (2000). "Foehn/Chinook Winds". In
1394:
1155:
1105:
948:
683:
in the United States and Canada, and north, east and west of the
558:
544:
331:
312:(pronounced the same way) also means 'hairdryer', while the word
167:
1179:
Viento del Sur (Southern Wind) or Hego haizea in Basque in the
1126:
1122:
1083:
1051:
990:
880:
872:
837:
771:
754:
1998:
Sharples, J.J. Mills, G.A., McRae, R.H.D., Weber, R.O. (2010)
1520:
The
Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English
1237:
1114:
1075:
1009:
994:
921:
868:
833:
513:
335:
146:
1881:
10.1175/1520-0434(2002)017<0907:UWIBFW>2.0.CO;2
1315:
1282:
Dissolving clouds from Foehn wind over the Cumbre Nueva in
998:
845:
348:
243:
210:
103:
1151:(Koshava) wind in Serbia that blows along the Danube River
256:
was the Roman personification and probably transmitted by
373:
The warm moist air from northern Italy is blocked on the
134:
1694:
182:
warming of air that has dropped most of its moisture on
19:"Föhn" redirects here. For the antiaircraft rocket, see
1162:, making it one of the best windsurfing spots in Europe
1375:, p. 132. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
435:
ice melt is a concern or where avalanches are a risk.
1660:
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
1571:"South Dakota Weather History and Trivia for January"
1406:"The Causes of Foehn Warming in the Lee of Mountains"
158:
149:
143:
137:
131:
115:
106:
100:
80:
74:
721:
Mountains and their respective leeward valleys, the
293:
16:
Type of dry down-slope wind occurring near mountains
2058:
Foehn chart provided by meteomedia/meteocentrale.ch
1404:Elvidge, Andrew D.; Renfrew, Ian A. (14 May 2015).
565:amongst the indications. Evidence for effects from
278:. In the Southern Alps, the phenomenon is known as
526:
519:They are also associated with the rapid spread of
389:
361:) was coined for the Föhns of the Alpine region.
50:, at an elevation of 1,400 m (4,600 ft)
2071:
1514:
867:in Turkey). For example, the winter rainfall of
569:remains anecdotal, as it does for New Zealand's
1853:
1796:
1593:, 10th edition, Oxford University Press, entry
1410:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
997:due to western and northern winds crossing the
762:winds in the southwest corner of the island of
190:). As a consequence of the different adiabatic
1749:, 2 December 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
1634:Seite 101, Brockhaus, Leipzig/Mannheim, 2009,
1466:(18th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
690:Foehn winds in the foothills of the southern
265:
1373:Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation
1046:Föhn or Foehn in Austria, southern Germany,
356:
342:
313:
307:
279:
2048:Movie of a Föhn situation in the Swiss Alps
810:
247:
1879:
1822:
1757:
1755:
1679:
1580:. February 8, 2006. See January 22 entry.
1429:
924:in China is famously known as one of the
631:Learn how and when to remove this message
489:Learn how and when to remove this message
2053:East Scotland warmth due to Foehn Effect
1625:
1463:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
1258:Foehn over Carretera Punta de Jandía in
1012:due to south-western winds crossing the
975:
959:
851:In winter, a Foehn effect occurs in the
402:
368:
33:
25:
1955:
1912:
411:
2072:
1761:
1752:
1563:
1518:; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017).
541:Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
178:wind that results from the subsequent
1486:
1444:
237:
162:), is a type of dry, relatively warm
1958:International Journal of Climatology
1915:International Journal of Climatology
829:
613:adding citations to reliable sources
584:
561:and the like will sometimes include
471:adding citations to reliable sources
442:
429:
420:
332:French-speaking parts of Switzerland
821:
13:
1784:10.1111/j.1745-7939.1980.tb01919.x
1697:The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
14:
2111:
2026:
580:
1632:Der Brockhaus. Wetter und Klima.
1492:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
1303:
1291:
1275:
1251:
1068:in Finland as moist air crosses
589:
447:
127:
96:
70:
2005:
1992:
1949:
1906:
1888:
1847:
1790:
1735:
1715:
1688:
1644:
600:needs additional citations for
527:Purported physiological effects
458:needs additional citations for
246:region. Originating from Latin
1600:
1584:
1549:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1536:
1508:
1480:
1438:
390:Condensation and precipitation
1:
2019:. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
1365:
1387:
252:, a mild west wind of which
216:
7:
1522:(2nd ed.). Routledge.
1323:
1016:(mostly in fall and winter)
809:Garmesh, Garmij, Garmbaad (
10:
2116:
1298:Foehn over Llano del Jable
1244:
1158:, and most notoriously in
947:) in northern and central
438:
270:, the term was adopted as
18:
2013:The Canterbury nor'wester
1591:Concise Oxford Dictionary
1494:(3rd ed.). Longman.
1431:10.1175/bams-d-14-00194.1
1019:Fen in northwest Slovenia
768:Newfoundland and Labrador
364:
198:on the windward slopes.
1854:David M. Gaffin (2002).
1797:David M. Gaffin (2007).
1747:University of Canterbury
1575:National Weather Service
887:in Iraqi Kurdistan, and
853:West Azerbaijan province
687:of Alaska, United States
1860:Weather and Forecasting
1803:Weather and Forecasting
1650:
1578:Weather Forecast Office
1111:Hnjúkaþeyr in Icelandic
840:) in the south west of
275:
2017:New Zealand Geographic
1764:New Zealand Geographer
1403:
1213:, and also in eastern
1070:Scandinavian Mountains
985:
973:
964:Foehn clouds upon the
944:
939:), hot-dry west wind (
936:
408:
395:liquid water releases
382:
357:
343:
314:
308:
294:
289:
280:
266:
261:
248:
230:
201:Foehn winds can raise
51:
31:
1743:Grumpy nor'west winds
979:
963:
745:on the west coast of
692:Appalachian Mountains
406:
372:
320:genericized trademark
170:(downwind side) of a
37:
29:
2085:Mountain meteorology
1203:Great Dividing Range
1195:Great Dividing foehn
1080:Carpathian Mountains
609:improve this article
467:improve this article
412:Isentropic draw-down
1970:2015IJCli..35..288R
1927:2016IJCli..36..956R
1872:2002WtFor..17..907G
1815:2007WtFor..22..145G
1776:1980NZGeo..36...11T
1672:2016QJRMS.142..618E
1422:2016BAMS...97..455E
903:Indo-Gangetic Plain
879:is much lower than
723:San Fernando Valley
166:that occurs in the
2090:Weather and health
2063:2013-04-03 at the
2033:Photo of Föhnmauer
1728:2013-10-17 at the
1205:, observed in the
1014:Apennine Mountains
1001:(mostly in winter)
993:and north-western
986:
980:Foehn clouds over
974:
877:Iranian Azerbaijan
747:Cape Breton Island
409:
383:
306:. The German word
52:
32:
1640:978-3-7653-3381-1
1552:. Merriam-Webster
1529:978-1-138-12566-7
1501:978-1-4058-8118-0
1473:978-0-521-15255-6
1284:El Paso, La Palma
1201:, leeward of the
1181:Cantabrian region
836:region (near the
811:lit. transl.
685:Chugach Mountains
641:
640:
633:
499:
498:
491:
430:Radiative warming
421:Mechanical mixing
249:(ventus) favonius
207:Mediterranean Sea
2107:
2020:
2009:
2003:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1978:10.1002/joc.3981
1953:
1947:
1946:
1935:10.1002/joc.4397
1910:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1833:10.1175/WAF970.1
1826:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1759:
1750:
1739:
1733:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1666:(695): 618–631.
1657:
1648:
1642:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1604:
1598:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1401:
1307:
1295:
1279:
1270:, Canary Islands
1255:
1183:(northern Spain)
1176:(southern Spain)
1026:, in particular
968:mountain range,
945:gió tây khô nóng
912:Schouten Islands
893:Zagros Mountains
865:Hakkâri Province
861:Kurdistan Region
831:
823:
815:
814: Warm wind
812:
727:Riverside County
705:, including the
667:Brookings Effect
636:
629:
625:
622:
616:
593:
585:
494:
487:
483:
480:
474:
451:
443:
379:Maurienne valley
360:
346:
317:
311:
297:
283:
269:
251:
241:
236:
156:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
140:
139:
136:
133:
126:
113:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
95:
87:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
69:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2070:
2069:
2065:Wayback Machine
2029:
2024:
2023:
2010:
2006:
1997:
1993:
1954:
1950:
1911:
1907:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1852:
1848:
1824:10.1.1.549.7012
1795:
1791:
1760:
1753:
1740:
1736:
1730:Wayback Machine
1720:
1716:
1693:
1689:
1681:10.1002/qj.2489
1655:
1649:
1645:
1630:
1626:
1617:
1615:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1589:
1585:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1555:
1553:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1530:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1443:
1439:
1402:
1395:
1390:
1368:
1350:Katabatic winds
1326:
1319:
1308:
1299:
1296:
1287:
1286:, Canary Island
1280:
1271:
1256:
1247:
1211:New South Wales
1169:(eastern Spain)
1004:Garbino in the
855:, Iran (around
813:
729:portion of the
699:Santa Ana winds
677:Rocky Mountains
660:in the Americas
655:in South Africa
637:
626:
620:
617:
606:
594:
583:
529:
495:
484:
478:
475:
464:
452:
441:
432:
423:
414:
392:
367:
322:today owned by
272:Old High German
242:) arose in the
239:[ˈføːn]
234:
219:
188:orographic lift
142:
130:
121:
120:
99:
90:
89:
73:
64:
63:
24:
21:Henschel Hs 297
17:
12:
11:
5:
2113:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2068:
2067:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2028:
2027:External links
2025:
2022:
2021:
2004:
1991:
1964:(3): 288–302.
1948:
1921:(2): 956–973.
1905:
1887:
1866:(4): 907–915.
1846:
1809:(1): 145–159.
1789:
1751:
1734:
1714:
1687:
1643:
1624:
1599:
1583:
1562:
1535:
1528:
1507:
1500:
1488:Wells, John C.
1479:
1472:
1437:
1416:(3): 455–466.
1392:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1330:Alpine climate
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1290:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1272:
1257:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1222:
1207:coastal plains
1190:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1152:
1146:
1112:
1109:
1090:
1073:
1058:
1044:
1037:Fogony in the
1035:
1028:Central Norway
1020:
1017:
1002:
958:
957:
953:
952:
929:
926:Three Furnaces
919:
905:
896:
849:
806:
805:
801:
800:
789:
788:
784:
783:
774:
757:
740:
734:
711:katabatic wind
695:
688:
670:
662:
661:
657:
656:
649:
648:
639:
638:
597:
595:
588:
582:
581:Local examples
579:
528:
525:
497:
496:
455:
453:
446:
440:
437:
431:
428:
422:
419:
413:
410:
391:
388:
366:
363:
334:as well as in
300:Serbo-Croatian
218:
215:
209:blow over the
172:mountain range
164:downslope wind
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2112:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2001:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1901:
1900:ggweather.com
1897:
1891:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1756:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1691:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1531:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1446:Jones, Daniel
1441:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1382:
1381:0-13-020263-0
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:Anabatic wind
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1314:air over the
1313:
1312:Mediterranean
1306:
1301:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1268:Fuerteventura
1265:
1261:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1240:, New Zealand
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1197:in southeast
1196:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:Guincho Beach
1157:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1086:and northern
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:and dries up.
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1056:Liechtenstein
1053:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:
983:
978:
971:
967:
962:
955:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
927:
923:
920:
917:
913:
909:
906:
904:
900:
897:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
847:
843:
839:
835:
827:
819:
808:
807:
803:
802:
799:
798:South Orkneys
795:
792:Föhn wall on
791:
790:
787:in Antarctica
786:
785:
782:
778:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
731:Inland Empire
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
693:
689:
686:
682:
681:Cascade Range
678:
674:
673:Chinook winds
671:
668:
664:
663:
659:
658:
654:
651:
650:
646:
645:
644:
635:
632:
624:
621:February 2018
614:
610:
604:
603:
598:This section
596:
592:
587:
586:
578:
574:
572:
568:
567:Chinook winds
564:
563:Föhnkrankheit
560:
556:
552:
551:
550:Föhnkrankheit
546:
542:
538:
534:
524:
522:
517:
515:
510:
508:
504:
493:
490:
482:
479:February 2013
472:
468:
462:
461:
456:This section
454:
450:
445:
444:
436:
427:
418:
405:
401:
398:
387:
380:
376:
371:
362:
359:
354:
350:
345:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
316:
310:
305:
301:
296:
291:
287:
282:
277:
273:
268:
263:
259:
255:
250:
245:
240:
232:
228:
224:
214:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
160:
154:
124:
118:
117:
111:
93:
85:
67:
61:
57:
49:
45:
41:
36:
28:
22:
2043:Illustration
2039:(Föhn wall).
2036:
2016:
2007:
1999:
1994:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1899:
1896:"Wind Names"
1890:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1770:(1): 11–19.
1767:
1763:
1741:Brook, K., "
1737:
1717:
1703:(1): 22–25.
1700:
1696:
1690:
1663:
1659:
1646:
1631:
1627:
1616:. Retrieved
1614:. 2009-01-22
1611:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1565:
1554:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1519:
1516:Upton, Clive
1510:
1491:
1482:
1461:
1458:Esling, John
1454:Setter, Jane
1450:Roach, Peter
1440:
1413:
1409:
1372:
1340:Chinook wind
1217:and eastern
1125:and western
1064:and Western
1062:Ostrobothnia
1024:South Norway
918:, Indonesia.
794:Signy Island
764:Newfoundland
737:Puelche wind
715:Santa Monica
701:of southern
675:east of the
642:
627:
618:
607:Please help
602:verification
599:
575:
562:
548:
530:
518:
511:
500:
485:
476:
465:Please help
460:verification
457:
433:
424:
415:
393:
384:
340:
327:
222:
220:
203:temperatures
200:
186:slopes (see
59:
55:
53:
44:Cumbre Nueva
2080:Föhn effect
2011:Relph, D. "
1723:telefilm.ca
1360:Meteorology
1260:Morro Jable
1165:Ponentà in
1154:Nortada in
1131:Marmara Sea
1102:Eden Valley
1082:, southern
1048:Switzerland
1032:Sunndalsøra
1022:Fønvind in
989:Favonio in
931:Laos wind (
842:Caspian Sea
777:Zonda winds
751:Nova Scotia
543:found that
397:latent heat
353:Alpine föhn
330:is used in
326:. The form
192:lapse rates
176:rain shadow
40:Föhn clouds
38:Dissolving
2074:Categories
1618:2019-12-21
1556:2022-03-17
1366:References
1345:Föhn cloud
1234:Canterbury
1230:Hawkes Bay
1226:Nor'wester
1188:in Oceania
1172:Terral in
1133:, such as
1119:Aegean Sea
966:Karawanken
941:Vietnamese
933:Vietnamese
916:West Papua
857:Lake Urmia
760:Wreckhouse
703:California
571:Nor'wester
235:pronounced
196:elevations
174:. It is a
2037:Föhnmauer
1986:129402302
1943:129669216
1841:120049170
1819:CiteSeerX
1388:Footnotes
1199:Australia
1143:Zonguldak
1139:Adapazarı
1108:, England
1096:, on the
1094:Helm Wind
1008:coast of
972:, Austria
970:Carinthia
956:in Europe
914:north of
908:Warm Braw
781:Argentina
719:Santa Ana
707:Sundowner
647:in Africa
537:psychosis
533:migraines
521:wildfires
503:sublimate
358:Alpenföhn
341:The name
284:but also
221:The name
217:Etymology
180:adiabatic
2061:Archived
1726:Archived
1490:(2008).
1460:(eds.).
1448:(2011).
1355:Lee wave
1324:See also
1219:Tasmania
1215:Victoria
1167:Valencia
1135:Istanbul
1098:Pennines
1088:Slovakia
1060:Föhn in
1042:Pyrenees
1006:Adriatic
982:La Palma
739:in Chile
725:and the
679:and the
653:Bergwind
555:caffeine
507:humidity
375:windward
264:or just
254:Favonius
184:windward
48:La Palma
1966:Bibcode
1923:Bibcode
1868:Bibcode
1811:Bibcode
1772:Bibcode
1709:2416736
1668:Bibcode
1544:"foehn"
1418:Bibcode
1245:Gallery
1156:Cascais
1106:Cumbria
1100:in the
1078:in the
1066:Lapland
1039:Catalan
984:, Spain
949:Vietnam
937:gió Lào
910:in the
889:Hakkâri
818:Persian
804:in Asia
733:region.
559:codeine
545:suicide
439:Effects
304:Slovene
290:favonio
286:Italian
262:favuogn
258:Romansh
1984:
1941:
1839:
1821:
1707:
1638:
1612:WDR.de
1526:
1498:
1470:
1379:
1264:Pájara
1236:, and
1174:Málaga
1149:Košava
1127:Turkey
1123:Greece
1084:Poland
1052:France
991:Ticino
881:Batifa
873:Salmas
838:Alborz
826:Gilaki
822:گرمباد
772:Canada
755:Canada
743:Suêtes
365:Causes
276:phōnno
244:Alpine
227:German
159:fu(r)n
2100:Winds
1982:S2CID
1939:S2CID
1837:S2CID
1656:(PDF)
1238:Otago
1115:Lodos
1076:Halny
1010:Italy
995:Italy
922:Wuhan
885:Soran
869:Urmia
834:Gilan
832:) in
514:Eiger
336:Italy
318:is a
267:fuogn
223:Foehn
125:also
58:, or
56:Foehn
42:over
2095:Wind
1705:PMID
1636:ISBN
1595:föhn
1524:ISBN
1496:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1377:ISBN
1316:Alps
1224:The
1193:The
1141:and
1092:The
1054:and
999:Alps
883:and
871:and
863:and
846:Iran
830:گرمش
816:): (
717:and
697:The
665:The
349:Alps
344:Föhn
328:phon
309:Föhn
302:and
292:and
281:Föhn
231:Föhn
211:Alps
116:fayn
60:Föhn
2015:,"
1974:doi
1931:doi
1876:doi
1829:doi
1780:doi
1745:,"
1676:doi
1664:142
1426:doi
1228:in
1209:of
901:in
899:Loo
875:in
844:in
779:in
611:by
573:.
535:to
469:by
355:" (
324:AEG
315:Fön
298:in
295:fen
168:lee
147:ɜːr
2076::
1980:.
1972:.
1962:35
1960:.
1937:.
1929:.
1919:36
1917:.
1898:.
1874:.
1864:17
1862:.
1858:.
1835:.
1827:.
1817:.
1807:22
1805:.
1801:.
1778:.
1768:36
1766:.
1754:^
1701:47
1699:.
1674:.
1662:.
1658:.
1610:.
1573:.
1546:.
1456:;
1452:;
1424:.
1414:97
1412:.
1408:.
1396:^
1266:,
1262:,
1232:,
1137:,
1121:,
1104:,
1050:,
943::
935::
828::
824:,
820::
796:,
770:,
766:,
753:,
749:,
557:,
338:.
288::
274::
260::
233:,
229::
213:.
123:US
119:,
104:eɪ
94::
92:US
88:,
78:ɜː
68::
66:UK
54:A
46:,
2002:.
1988:.
1976::
1968::
1945:.
1933::
1925::
1902:.
1884:.
1878::
1870::
1843:.
1831::
1813::
1786:.
1782::
1774::
1732:.
1711:.
1684:.
1678::
1670::
1621:.
1597:.
1559:.
1532:.
1504:.
1476:.
1434:.
1428::
1420::
1383:.
1318:.
1221:.
1145:.
1034:.
951:.
895:.
848:.
634:)
628:(
623:)
619:(
605:.
492:)
486:(
481:)
477:(
463:.
381:.
225:(
153:/
150:n
144:f
141:,
138:n
135:ʌ
132:f
129:/
110:/
107:n
101:f
98:/
84:/
81:n
75:f
72:/
62:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
