599:
church. Farmer cites Bede's intense interest in the schism over the correct date for Easter as support for this argument, and also cites the lengthy description of the Synod of Whitby, which Farmer regards as "the dramatic centre-piece of the whole work." The historian Alan
Thacker wrote in 1983 that Bede's works should be seen as advocating a monastic rather than secular ministry, and Thacker argues that Bede's treatment of St Cuthbert is meant to make Cuthbert a role-model for the role of the clergy advocated by Gregory the Great.
713:, though it is unlikely he knew little of him; the final book contains less information about the church in his own day than could be expected. A possible explanation for Bede's discretion may be found in his comment that one should not make public accusations against church figures, no matter what their sins; Bede may have found little good to say about the church in his day and hence preferred to keep silent. It is clear that he did have fault to find; his letter to Ecgberht contains several criticisms of the church.
1889:
97:
1232:
33:
204:, king of Northumbria. The preface mentions that Ceolwulf received an earlier draft of the book; presumably, Ceolwulf knew enough Latin to understand it, and he may even have been able to read it. The preface makes it clear that Ceolwulf had requested the earlier copy, and Bede had asked for Ceolwulf's approval; this correspondence with the king indicates that Bede's monastery had excellent connections among the Northumbrian nobility.
650:
healing, or of events that could plausibly be explained naturally. The miracles served the purpose of setting an example to the reader, and Bede explicitly states that his goal is to teach morality through history, saying "If history records good things of good men, the thoughtful reader is encouraged to imitate what is good; if it records evil of wicked men, the devout reader is encouraged to avoid all that is sinful and perverse."
3385:
591:, who came from Ireland as missionaries to the Picts and Northumbrians, but disapproved of the failure of the Welsh to evangelize the invading Anglo-Saxons. Bede was a partisan of Rome, regarding Gregory the Great, rather than Augustine, as the true apostle of the English. Likewise, in his treatment of the conversion of the invaders, any native involvement is minimized, such as when discussing
595:'s first consecration, when Bede mentions that two British bishops took part in the consecration, thus invalidating it. No information is presented on who these two bishops were or where they came from. Also important is Bede's view of the conversion process as an upper-class phenomenon, with little discussion of any missionary efforts among the non-noble or royal population.
983:, in his 1896 edition of Bede, identified six characteristic differences between the two manuscript types. For example, the c-type manuscripts omit one of the miracles attributed to St Oswald in book IV, chapter 14, and the c-type also includes the years 733 and 734 in the chronological summary at the end of the work, whereas the m-type manuscripts stop with the year 731.
676:
inside, the storm and wintry tempest cannot touch it, but after the briefest moment of calm, it flits from your sight, out of the wintry storm and into it again. So this life of man appears but for a moment; what follows or indeed what went before, we know not at all. If this new doctrine brings us more certain information, it seems right that we should accept it.
576:
invasion and settlement of
Britain by the Angles and Saxons was God's punishment for the lack of missionary effort and the refusal to accept the Roman date for celebrating Easter. Although Bede discusses the history of Christianity in Roman Britain, it is significant that he ignores the missionary work of
3388:
720:
has more to say about episcopal events than it does about the monasteries of
England. Bede does shed some light on monastic affairs; in particular, he comments in book V that many Northumbrians are laying aside their arms and entering monasteries "rather than study the arts of war. What the result of
598:
Another view, taken by historian D. H. Farmer, is that the theme of the work is "the progression from diversity to unity". According to Farmer, Bede took this idea from
Gregory the Great and illustrates it in his work by showing how Christianity brought together the native and invading races into one
3007:
Colgrave comments that his omission of manuscript L "does not impair the value of his text, which can fairly be described as final. The width of his interests and the accuracy of his learning must be the envy of any successor". D. H. Farmer, in the
Penguin Bede, says that "like all previous editions
1254:
The m-text depends largely on manuscripts M and L, which are very early copies, made not long after Bede's death. Both seem likely to have been taken from the original, though this is not certain. Three further manuscripts, U, E, and N, are all apparently the descendants of a
Northumbrian manuscript
990:
in his 1969 edition of the text. Colgrave points out that the addition of a couple of annals is a simple alteration for a copyist to make at any point in the manuscript history; he also notes that the omission of one of Oswald's miracles is not the mistake of a copyist, and strongly implies that the
606:
that many modern historians find it a "tale of origins framed dynamically as the
Providence-guided advance of a people from heathendom to Christianity; a cast of saints rather than rude warriors; a mastery of historical technique incomparable for its time; beauty of form and diction; and, not least,
575:
is that the conversion of
Britain to Christianity had all been the work of Irish and Italian missionaries, with no efforts made by the native Britons. This theme was developed from Gildas' work, which denounced the sins of the native rulers during the invasions, with the elaboration by Bede that the
539:
Bede quoted his sources at length in his narrative, as
Eusebius had done. Bede also appears to have taken quotes directly from his correspondents at times. For example, he almost always uses the terms "Australes" and "Occidentales" for the South and West Saxons respectively, but in a passage in the
724:
Bede's account of life at the court of the Anglo-Saxon kings includes little of the violence that
Gregory of Tours mentions as a frequent occurrence at the Frankish court. It is possible that the courts were as different as their descriptions make them appear but it is more likely that Bede omitted
662:
was converted to Christianity. In Bede's account, the king held a meeting of his council to discuss acceptance of the new religion. The chief pagan priest, Coifu, declared that he had not had as much favour from the king or success in his undertakings as many other men even though no one had served
1250:
A comparison of K and c2 yields an accurate understanding of the original c-text, but for the first three books, which are not in K, it is sometimes impossible to know if a variant reading in C and O represents the original state of the c-text, or is a variation only found in c2. One long chapter,
906:
has given Bede a high reputation, but his concerns were different from those of a modern writer of history. His focus on the history of the organization of the English church, and on heresies and the efforts made to root them out, led him to exclude the secular history of kings and kingdoms except
675:
in winter time; the fire is burning on the hearth in the middle of the hall and all inside is warm, while outside the wintry storms of rain and snow are raging; and a sparrow flies swiftly through the hall. It enters in at one door and quickly flies out through the other. For the few moments it is
1258:
The text of both the m-type and c-type seems to have been accurately copied. Taking a consensus text from the earliest manuscripts, Bertram Colgrave counted 32 places where there was an apparent error of some kind. However, 26 of these are to be found within a transcription from an earlier
1246:
are of the m-type, while English copies are of the c-type. Among the c-texts, manuscript K includes only books IV and V, but C and O are complete. O is a later text than C but is independent of it and so the two are a valuable check on correctness. They are thought to have both derived from an
649:
in medieval religious narrative, but Bede appears to have avoided relating the more extraordinary tales; and, remarkably, he makes almost no claims for miraculous events at his own monastery. There is no doubt that Bede did believe in miracles, but the ones he does include are often stories of
994:
Some genealogical relationships can be discerned among the numerous manuscripts that have survived. The earliest manuscripts used to establish the c-text and m-text are as follows. The letters under the "Version" column are identifying letters used by historians to refer to these manuscripts.
1372:
Copies are sparse throughout the 10th century and for much of the 11th century. The greatest number of copies of Bede's work was made in the 12th century, but there was a significant revival of interest in the 14th and 15th centuries. Many of the copies are of English provenance, but also
483:, its great southern rival. He takes greater pains in describing events of the seventh century, when Northumbria was the dominant Anglo-Saxon power than the eighth, when it was not. The only criticism he ventures of his native Northumbria comes in writing about the death of
697:, a province on the borders of Northumbria and Mercia. As a result, there are noticeable gaps in his coverage of Mercian church history, such as his omission of the division of the huge Mercian diocese by Theodore in the late 7th century. Bede's regional bias is apparent.
721:
this will be the future will show." This veiled comment, another example of Bede's discretion in commenting on current affairs, could be interpreted as ominous given Bede's more specific criticism of quasi-monasteries in his letter to Ecgberht, written three years later.
725:
some of the violent reality. Bede states that he wrote the work as an instruction for rulers, in order that "the thoughtful listener is spurred on to imitate the good". It also was no part of Bede's purpose to describe the kings who did not convert to Christianity in the
700:
There were clearly gaps in Bede's knowledge, but Bede also says little on some topics that he must have been familiar with. For example, although Bede recounts Wilfrid's missionary activities, he does not give a full account of his conflict with Archbishop
2404:
Adams, M., OâBrien, C. (2021). A Sparrow in the Temple? The Ephemeral and the Eternal in Bedeâs Northumbria. In: HĂŒglin, S., Gramsch, A., SeppĂ€nen, L. (eds) Petrification Processes in Matter and Society. Themes in Contemporary Archaeology. Springer, Cham.
1282:, was written in the south of England in the second half of the 8th century. Plummer argued that it was from Durham, but this is dismissed by Colgrave. The manuscript contains glosses in Old English that were added in the south during the 9th century.
818:, with the latest entry dated 766. No manuscripts earlier than the twelfth century contain these entries, except for the entries for 731 through 734, which do occur in earlier manuscripts. Much of the material replicates what is found in
459:. Most of Bede's informants for information after Augustine's mission came from the eastern part of Britain, leaving significant gaps in the knowledge of the western areas, which were those areas likely to have a native Briton presence.
387:, at that time a priest in London, obtained copies of Gregory the Great's correspondence from Rome relating to Augustine's mission. Almost all of Bede's information regarding Augustine is taken from these letters, which includes the
879:
come from the northern parts of the Carolingian Empire. This total does not include manuscripts with only a part of the work, of which another 100 or so survive. It was printed for the first time between 1474 and 1482, probably at
1393:, probably between 1475 and 1480. A defect in the text allows the identification of the manuscript Eggestein used; it subsequently appeared in a catalogue of the Vienna Dominicans of 1513. Eggestein had also printed an edition of
1251:
book I chapter 27, is also found in another manuscript, Rh. 95 at the ZĂŒrich Zentralbibliothek; this is another witness to the c-text and appears to be independent of c2, and so is useful as a further cross-check on the c-text.
874:
was copied often in the Middle Ages, and about 160 manuscripts containing it survive. About half of those are located on the European continent, rather than in the British Isles. Most of the 8th- and 9th-century texts of Bede's
1255:
that does not survive but which went to the continent in the late 8th century. These three are all early manuscripts, but are less useful than might be thought, since L and M are themselves so close to the original.
1271:
appears to have been written in Northumbria in the late 8th century. Only books IV and V survive; the others were probably lost during the Middle Ages. The manuscript bears a 15th-century pressmark of the Abbey of
519:
Bede's stylistic models included some of the same authors from whom he drew the material for the earlier parts of his history. His introduction imitates the work of Orosius, and his title is an echo of Eusebius's
510:
and the Irish missionaries, who celebrated the event, according to Bede, at the wrong time. In the end he is pleased to note that the Irish Church was saved from error by accepting the correct date for Easter.
494:
Bede attributes this defeat to God's vengeance for the Northumbrian attack on the Irish in the previous year. For while Bede is loyal to Northumbria he shows an even greater attachment to the Irish and their
1326:
dates to the late 8th century, and is thought to be a copy, made on the continent, of an earlier Northumbrian manuscript ("c2" in the diagram above). It has been at Weissenburg since the end of the Middle
563:, the science of calculating the date of Easter, was also useful in the account he gives of the controversy between the British and Anglo-Saxon church over the correct method of obtaining the Easter date.
2429:
Barrow J. (2011) How Coifi Pierced Christâs Side: A Re-Examination of Bedeâs Ecclesiastical History, II, Chapter 13. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History.62(4):693-706. doi:10.1017/S0022046911001631
1441:
All of the above editions were based on the C-text. The first edition to use the m-type manuscripts was printed by Pierre Chifflet in 1681, using a descendant of the Moore MS. For the 1722 edition,
1679:
2874:
Colgrave gives the source for this as Pierre Chifflet, who produced an edition of Bede in 1681; Colgrave comments that he himself has not seen this edition. See Colgrave & Mynors,
540:
first book he uses "Meridiani" and "Occidui" instead, as perhaps his informant had done. At the end of the work, Bede added a brief autobiographical note; this was an idea taken from
475:
and didactic purpose. Bede sets out not just to tell the story of the English, but to advance his views on politics and religion. In political terms he is a partisan of his native
126:, is Bede's best-known work, completed in about 731. The first of the five books begins with some geographical background and then sketches the history of England, beginning with
428:
on three works, using them as the framework around which the three main sections of the work were structured. For the early part of the work, dealing with the time up to the
790:(before the time of the incarnation of the Lord). However, the latter was not very influentialâonly this isolated use was repeated by other writers during the rest of the
611:
is local, Northumbrian concerns, and that Bede treated matters outside Northumbria as secondary to his main concern with northern history. Goffart sees the writing of the
3535:
1625:
17:
1407:, and the two works were reprinted, bound as a single volume, on 14 March 1500 by Georg Husner, also of Strasbourg. Another reprint appeared on 7 December 1506, from
3540:
1902:
1468:
He spent the majority of his time residing in Cambridge, and working on it, but did not live to complete the preparation. His son George brought out in 1722 the
1520:
80:, and is believed to have been completed in 731 when Bede was approximately 59 years old. It is considered one of the most important original references on
967:, a united kingdom of England came to be forged, it was Bede's history that provided it with a sense of ancestry that reached back beyond its foundation."
899:
was the culmination of Bede's works, the aim of all his scholarship, a belief common among historians in the past, is no longer accepted by most scholars.
2417:
Toswell, M. J. (2000). Bedeâs Sparrow and the Psalter in Anglo-Saxon England. ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews, 13(1), 7â12.
3283:
709:
make it clear what Bede discreetly avoids saying. The omissions are not restricted to Wilfrid; Bede makes no mention at all of the English missionary
667:
This is how the present life of man on earth, King, appears to me in comparison with that which is unknown to us. You are sitting feasting with your
1494:
as "an enormous advance" on previous ones, adding that textual criticism of Bede hardly then changed until 1896, when the Plummer edition appeared.
149:
in 604, and follows the further progress of Christianity in Kent and the first attempts to evangelise Northumbria. These encountered a setback when
849:, but this attribution is no longer accepted, and debate centres on how far it owes its origins to the patronage of Alfred and/or his associates.
2566:
make September, not January, the beginning of the year, treated incarnation as synonymous with birth (as his early followers, including Bede, do)
1585:
Venerabilis Baedae Historiam ecclesiasticam gentis Anglorum, Historiam abbatum, Epistolam ad Ecgberctum una cum Historia abbatum auctore anonymo
4100:
4115:
3593:
3252:
Thacker, Alan (1998). "Memorializing Gregory the Great: The Origin and Transmission of a Papal Cult in the 7th and early 8th centuries".
1259:
source, and it is apparent by checking independent copies of those sources that in such cases Bede copied the mistake into his own text.
891:
extensively, and a number of editions have been produced. For many years, early Anglo-Saxon history was essentially a retelling of the
536:
as the theme for his description of the development of the church, Bede made it the model for his history of the Anglo-Saxon church.
1422:. Two reprints of this edition appeared, in 1566 and 1601. In 1563, Johann Herwagen included it in volume III of his eight-volume
663:
the gods more faithfully, so he saw that they had no power and he would convert to Christianity. Then a leading councillor spoke:
615:
as motivated by a political struggle in Northumbria between a party devoted to Wilfrid, and those opposed to Wilfrid's policies.
607:
an author whose qualities of life and spirit set a model of dedicated scholarship." Goffart also feels that a major theme of the
4095:
1333:
dates from the middle third of the 9th century. In 800, a list was made of books at WĂŒrzburg cathedral; the list includes one
4085:
3242:
3223:
3115:
2974:
2947:
2899:
1521:
https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/objects/8fb7abbc-bea5-494b-8ed5-34d11c8ce942/surfaces/04b93784-d6fa-4346-852b-724c0d9d7877/
955:
Some historians have questioned the reliability of some of Bede's accounts. One historian, Charlotte Behr, asserts that the
858:, the earliest tranche of which was composed/compiled around the same time as the translation was made, drew heavily on the
4090:
1195:
161:
in about 632. The setback was temporary, and the third book recounts the growth of Christianity in Northumbria under kings
401:, the Bishop of Winchester, for information about the history of the church in Wessex, and also wrote to the monastery at
4110:
3636:
3357:
1470:
HistoriĂŠ EcclesiasticĂŠ Gentis Anglorum Libri Quinque, auctore Venerabili BĂŠda ... cura et studio Johannis Smith, S. T. P.
1438:
produced at Cambridge an edition with the Old English text and the Latin text in parallel columns, the first in England.
833:
sometime between the end of the ninth century and about 930; although the surviving manuscripts are predominantly in the
445:
3920:
1514:
1430:
in a collection of other historical works; and in 1587 Johann Commelin included it in a similar compilation, printed at
4120:
3204:
3041:
1643/4: Anglo-Saxon version parallel with the Latin in Abraham Whelock's edition (editio princeps of the Anglo-Saxon);
1426:, and this was in turn reprinted in 1612 and 1688. Michael Sonnius produced an edition in Paris in 1587, including the
329:
2752:
685:
Bede apparently had no informant at any of the main Mercian religious houses. His information about Mercia came from
3185:
3141:
2555:
959:
account of the arrival of the Germanic invaders in Kent should be considered as current myth, not history. Historian
319:
907:
where a moral lesson could be drawn or where they illuminated events in the church. In the early Middle Ages, the
763:, becoming very influential in causing that era to be adopted thereafter in Western Europe. Specifically, he used
173:, traditionally seen as a major turning point in English history. The fourth book begins with the consecration of
3954:
3586:
986:
Plummer thought that this meant the m-type was definitely earlier than the c-type, but this has been disputed by
451:
written at Whitby. The last section, describing events after the Gregorian mission, Goffart says was modelled on
3759:
3643:
3550:
3421:
3046:
1564:
1442:
276:
1298:, was copied by four scribes no later than 747. The scribes were probably at either Wearmouth or Jarrow Abbey.
499:, whom he considers to be far more effective and dedicated than their rather complacent English counterparts.
267:
are used, as well as oral testimony, which he employed along with critical consideration of its authenticity.
3986:
3214:
Lapidge, Michael (2014). "Bede, OE". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.).
1653:
1628:, 2 volumes (Rome/Milan: Fondazione Lorenzo Valla/Arnoldo Mondadori, 2008â2010). Complete critical apparatus.
771:(in the year of the incarnation of the Lord). He never abbreviated the term like the modern AD. Bede counted
131:
895:, but recent scholarship has focused as much on what Bede did not write as what he did. The belief that the
822:'s chronicle; the remaining material is thought to derive from northern chronicles from the eighth century.
814:
Some early manuscripts contain additional annalistic entries that extend past the date of completion of the
1312:, the Bishop of Ely, and as a result it is known as the Moore MS. Moore's collection was purchased by King
1124:
626:, who was a bishop in Northumbria and whose stormy career is documented not only in Bede's works but in a
287:
had acquired books from the Continent, and in Bede's day the monastery was a renowned centre of learning.
1366:
1288:
dates to the early 11th century, and has subsequent corrections many of which are from the 12th century.
1099:
3579:
3133:
3069:
2939:
1894:
1473:
1309:
1149:
3053:, ed. by Thomas Miller, Early English Text Society, o. s. 95, 96, 110, 111 (London: TrĂŒbner, 1890â98).
2599:, ed. by Thomas Miller, Early English Text Society, o. s. 95, 96, 110, 111 (London: TrĂŒbner, 1890â98).
1657:
393:, as chapter 27 of book 1 is often known. Bede acknowledged his correspondents in the preface to the
3975:
3779:
3602:
1667:
1403:
1313:
1028:
522:
413:. Bede also mentions an Abbot Esi as a source for the affairs of the East Anglian church, and Bishop
85:
4011:
3371:
1449:, was able to print a very high-quality edition. Smith undertook his edition under the influence of
3937:
3815:
3801:
3281:
Tyler, Damian (April 2007). "Reluctant Kings and Christian Conversion in Seventh-Century England".
1337:
and E may be a copy of that manuscript. Subsequently, E is known to have been in the possession of
1308:, was written in Northumbria in 737 or shortly thereafter. The manuscript was owned at one time by
635:
178:
158:
3915:
630:. A theme in Bede's treatment of Wilfrid is the need to minimize the conflict between Wilfrid and
200:
over the correct dating of Easter. Bede wrote a preface for the work, in which he dedicates it to
3625:
3322:
3177:
3043:
Baedae Historia Ecclesiastica a gloriosissimo veterum Anglo-Saxonum rege Aluredo Saxonice reddita
2547:
555:, and his detailed attention to dating were both useful preparations for the task of writing the
506:, which he writes about at length. It is here, and only here, that he ventures some criticism of
484:
433:
380:
358:
241:
201:
139:
2918:
The Humane Medievalist and other Essays in English Literature and Learning from Chaucer to Eliot
192:
The fifth book brings the story up to Bede's day, and includes an account of missionary work in
4105:
3448:
705:, or his ambition and aristocratic lifestyle. Only the existence of other sources such as the
702:
488:
476:
174:
2916:
1810:
Olivier Szerwiniack, Florence Bourgne, Jacques Elfassi, Mathieu Lescuyer, and AgnĂšs Molinier,
1771:
3968:
3726:
3560:
3472:
3438:
2964:
2933:
2889:
1478:
1172:
964:
929:
854:
739:
389:
295:
162:
1753:
290:
For the period prior to Augustine's arrival in 597, Bede drew on earlier writers, including
4064:
4054:
4017:
3994:
3866:
3678:
1398:
1317:
960:
937:
776:
659:
584:
528:
398:
303:
253:
154:
4049:
263:
After 596, documentary sources that Bede took pains to obtain throughout England and from
8:
4023:
3961:
3895:
3773:
3712:
3464:
1735:
1725:
1526:
952:, and his works were used by both Protestant and Catholic sides in the Wars of Religion.
933:
315:
307:
197:
166:
73:
3012:
this one depends on the pioneering work of Charles Plummer". See Colgrave & Mynors,
2703:
De pontificibus et sanctis Ecclesiae Eboracensis, The Bishops, Kings, and Saints of York
3766:
3662:
3414:
3269:
3125:
3094:
3086:
3067:
Abels, Richard (1983). "The Council of Whitby: A Study in Early Anglo-Saxon Politics".
2914:
2544:
The Oxford Companion to the Year: an exploration of calendar customs and time-reckoning
1775:
1544:
1386:
1295:
1134:
913:
834:
694:
631:
368:
37:
1739:
1714:
1532:
1505:, with a full commentary, has been a foundation-stone for all subsequent scholarship.
979:
fall generally into two groups, known to historians as the "c-type" and the "m-type".
3750:
3732:
3672:
3365:
3344:
3296:
3273:
3238:
3219:
3200:
3181:
3151:
Brown, George Hardin (1999). "Royal and Ecclesiastical rivalries in Bede's History".
3137:
3111:
3098:
2970:
2943:
2895:
2551:
1749:
1692:
1572:
1515:
https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/bedes-ecclesiastical-history-of-the-english-people
1394:
846:
756:
429:
186:
170:
146:
4044:
3859:
3847:
3792:
3667:
3292:
3261:
3160:
3078:
2990:
1763:
1688:
1643:
1591:
1491:
1418:
A Paris edition appeared in 1544, and in 1550 John de Grave produced an edition at
1145:
1076:
987:
819:
799:
541:
496:
452:
335:
66:
1611:
Histoire ecclésiastique du peuple anglais = Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
3878:
3872:
3808:
3691:
3504:
3489:
1767:
1671:
1617:
1606:
1595:
1580:
1557:
1513:
London, British Library, Cotton MS Tiberius C II, 1st half of 9th century, Latin
1498:
1435:
1055:
1050:
980:
941:
838:
690:
383:, provided much information about the church in Kent, and with the assistance of
376:
340:
299:
280:
150:
109:
96:
1519:
Oxford, Bodleian Library MS. Tanner 10, first half of 10th century, Old English
1168:
862:, which formed the chronological framework of the early parts of the Chronicle.
3948:
3943:
3703:
3685:
3164:
2406:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1347:
was copied in the 9th century by several scribes; at one point it was owned by
945:
782:
Within this work, he was the first writer to use a term similar to the English
710:
592:
503:
421:
410:
291:
257:
245:
101:
50:
3051:
The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2597:
The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People
216:
covers the history of England, ecclesiastical and political, from the time of
142:'s mission to England in 597, which brought Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons.
4079:
3909:
3853:
3407:
3351:
2757:
1408:
1279:
1038:
577:
217:
127:
3319:
Bede's Ecclesiastical history of the English people: a historical commentary
3265:
2418:
658:
One of the most famous sections is the parable of the sparrow. In 627 King
32:
3336:
1792:
Chen Wei-zhen & Zhou Qing-min (Beijing: Commercial Press, 1st ed 1991).
1338:
1214:
940:
used his works as sources and inspirations. Early modern writers, such as
240:
The first twenty-one chapters cover the time period before the mission of
65:, and of England generally; its main focus is on the conflict between the
3617:
3361:
1483:
1462:
1450:
830:
791:
751:
552:
507:
444:. The second section, detailing the Gregorian mission, was framed on the
363:
81:
1525:
Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 041, c. 11th century, Old English
1247:
earlier manuscript, marked "c2" in the diagram, which does not survive.
1191:
3555:
3509:
1675:
1431:
1390:
1305:
1231:
1109:
881:
686:
414:
402:
334:. Bede would also have been familiar with more recent accounts such as
69:
3090:
3739:
3499:
1752:(Penguin, reprinted with revisions 1965, revised 1968, revised 1990)
1642:
an anonymous, abbreviated translation, possibly at the suggestion of
1445:
obtained the Moore MS., and also, having access to two copies in the
1120:
668:
472:
284:
3571:
3233:
Ray, Roger (2001). "Bede". In Lapidge, Michael; et al. (eds.).
2915:
Bennett J. A. W.; Jack Arthur Walter Bennett; Piero Boitani (1982).
2615:, Anglo-Saxon Studies, 16 (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2011), pp. 36â46.
1910:
1609:(ed.), Pierre Monat and Philippe Robin (trans.), BÚde le Vénérable,
1095:
4059:
3902:
3828:
3514:
3394:
3082:
2541:
2083:
Cramp, "Monkwearmouth (or Wearmouth) and Jarrow", pp. 325â326.
1412:
1352:
1348:
560:
384:
353:
349:
135:
2607:
2605:
1531:
Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.5.16 (The Moore Bede), c.737
794:. The first extensive use of "BC" (hundreds of times) occurred in
3519:
2705:, ed. and trans. by Peter Godman (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982).
1785:
GĂŒnter Spitzbart (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft).
1419:
623:
588:
182:
62:
3491:
2921:. Ed. di Storia e Letteratura. pp. 213â. GGKEY:552YP7WE2FC.
479:, amplifying its role in English history over and above that of
3654:
2602:
1235:
The relationships between some of the early manuscripts of the
1072:
1024:
918:
842:
480:
437:
323:
249:
193:
948:, the Elizabethan Archbishop of Canterbury, also utilized the
3218:(2nd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley Blackwell. p. 62.
1865:, ed. M. Lapidge (Milan: Fondazione Valla-Arnoldo Mondadori).
1622:
Storia degli Inglesi = Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
1613:, Sources chrĂ©tiennes, 489â91, 3 volumes (Paris: Cerf, 2005).
672:
77:
923:
Versus de patribus, regibus et sanctis Eboracensis ecclesiae
84:
history, and has played a key role in the development of an
3430:
2386:
1836:, notes by André Crépin, ed. Michael Lapidge (Paris: Cerf).
645:
includes many accounts of miracles and visions. These were
532:
as the model for the overall work: where Eusebius used the
406:
264:
61:
in about AD 731, is a history of the Christian Churches in
58:
2931:
845:. The translation was once held to have been done by King
260:
and others, with the insertion of legends and traditions.
3839:
2542:
Blackburn, Bonnie J.; Holford-Strevens, Leofranc (1999).
1770:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, reprint with corrections 1992)
212:
Divided into five books (totalling about 400 pages), the
3197:(Re-)Reading Bede: The Historia Ecclesiastica in Context
2966:
The Old English Version of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica
2891:(Re-)Reading Bede: The Ecclesiastical History in Context
2613:
The Old English Version of Bede's Historia ecclesiastica
1226:
375:
Bede had correspondents who supplied him with material.
3399:
3216:
The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
1713:
Lionel Cecil Jane (London: J.M. Dent, Temple Classics)
153:, the pagan king of Mercia, killed the newly Christian
1527:
https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/catalog/qd527zm3425
841:
and so was presumably by a scholar from or trained in
638:, who was involved in many of Wilfrid's difficulties.
3106:
Bede (1994). McClure, Judith; Collins, Roger (eds.).
169:. The climax of the third book is the account of the
1884:
963:
writes that "When, in the generations that followed
3312:
A Concordance to the Historia ecclesiastica of Bede
3023:
1600:
Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People
1533:
https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-KK-00005-00016/1
1508:
1497:Subsequently, the most notable edition was that of
767:(in the year from the incarnation of the Lord) or
4077:
3373:The Ecclesiastical History of the English People
3108:The Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2989:
2962:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2198:
2196:
1656:(Antwerp: John Laet, at the signe of the Rape)
1242:With few exceptions, Continental copies of the
124:An Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2813:
2811:
2267:Brooks "From British to English Christianity"
2215:Brooks "From British to English Christianity"
2202:Brooks "From British to English Christianity"
2140:
1724:A. M. Sellar (London: George Bell & Sons)
755:era (BC/AD dating system) created by the monk
3587:
3415:
3235:Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
2932:Saint Bede (the Venerable) (1 January 1999).
2850:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2647:
2645:
2477:
2209:
1262:
3720:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
3457:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2562:...if Dionysius, whose calendrical rules or
2467:
2465:
2450:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2407:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69388-6_13
2374:
2362:
2286:
2261:
2251:
2249:
2193:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
526:. Bede also followed Eusebius in taking the
502:His final preoccupation is over the precise
424:argues that Bede based the structure of the
318:'s visits to Britain. Bede's account of the
106:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
46:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
27:8th-century Latin history of England by Bede
3542:
3462:
3446:
3356:, A.M. Sellar's 1907 Translation. From the
3337:
2887:
2824:
2498:
2054:
2052:
2015:
2013:
1943:
1941:
1928:
1926:
865:
744:
327:
117:
3594:
3580:
3422:
3408:
2788:
2642:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2349:
2336:
2222:
2180:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2146:Keynes, "Nothhelm", pp. 335 336.
2025:
837:, it is clear that the original contained
18:Ecclesiastic History of the English People
3237:. Malden, MA: Blackwell. pp. 57â59.
2908:
2764:
2753:"Why Even Atheists Think Like Christians"
2462:
2432:
2419:https://doi.org/10.1080/08957690009598082
2274:
2246:
2234:
2149:
2086:
1834:Histoire ecclésiastique du peuple anglais
1812:Histoire ecclésiastique du peuple anglais
1801:Histoire ecclésiastique du peuple anglais
1587:, 2 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1896).
602:The historian Walter Goffart says of the
145:The second book begins with the death of
130:'s invasion in 55 BC. A brief account of
3390:Bede's Ecclesiastical History of England
3353:Bede's Ecclesiastical History of England
2969:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 26.
2720:
2708:
2658:
2630:
2618:
2523:
2511:
2298:
2049:
2010:
1938:
1923:
1363:Corbie MS, BibliothĂšque Nationale, Paris
1359:Manuscripts written before 900 include:
1230:
759:in 525, continuing to use it throughout
244:; compiled from earlier writers such as
185:'s efforts to bring Christianity to the
95:
31:
3376:in a freely-distributable PDF document.
3251:
3213:
3132:(Reprint of 1970 ed.). Cambridge:
3110:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
3029:
2572:
2483:
2162:
2077:
2006:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1704:Kirchengeschichte des englischen Volkes
970:
809:
802:in 1474, alongside years of the world (
775:from Christ's birth, not from Christ's
14:
4078:
3339:Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
3194:
3171:
3017:
2726:
2714:
2683:
2670:
2664:
2636:
2624:
2471:
2456:
2380:
2368:
2323:
2310:
2304:
2292:
2280:
2255:
2240:
2127:
2114:
2099:
2058:
2037:
2031:
2019:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1947:
1932:
1850:JaromĂr Kincl and MagdalĂ©na MoravovĂĄ,
1576:(vol. 95), reprint of Smith's edition.
220:to the date of its completion in 731.
119:Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
55:Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
4101:Texts of Anglo-Saxon England in Latin
3601:
3575:
3403:
3321:, Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York:
3280:
3150:
3124:
3066:
2529:
2517:
2505:
2043:
1227:Relationships between the manuscripts
928:Likewise, the later medieval writers
680:
618:Much of the "current" history in the
3976:Interrogationes Sigewulfi in Genesim
3105:
2732:
2392:
1620:(ed.), Paolo Chiesa (trans.), Beda,
1482:, and a world-chronicle. It had the
224:Book 1 Late Roman Republic to AD 603
3637:On the Resting-Places of the Saints
3358:Christian Classics Ethereal Library
3232:
2843:Laistner, M.L.W. (with H.H. King),
2228:
1953:
1843:Hirosi Takahashi (Tokyo: Kodansha).
1376:
1373:surprisingly many are Continental.
887:Modern historians have studied the
788:ante incarnationis dominicae tempus
571:One of the important themes of the
24:
4116:Medieval historical texts in Latin
3304:
2847:, Ithaca NY: Cornell U. P. (1943).
1874:Cerkvena zgodovina ljudstva Anglov
1670:(London: J. Batley at the Dove in
1490:. Smith's edition is described by
749:), using something similar to the
330:De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae
25:
4132:
3329:
1832:Pierre Monat and Philippe Robin,
1602:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969 ).
1503:Venerabilis Bedae Opera Historica
653:
436:, Goffart asserts that Bede used
320:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
3383:
3297:10.1111/j.1468-229X.2007.00389.x
2888:N.J. Higham (22 November 2006).
1887:
1872:Bogdan Kolar and Miran Sajovic,
1509:Facsimiles and manuscript images
1320:in 1715, where it still resides.
3174:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
3060:
3035:
3001:
2983:
2956:
2925:
2881:
2868:
2845:A Hand-List of Bede Manuscripts
2837:
2745:
2696:
2590:
2535:
2489:
2423:
2411:
2398:
2111:Lapidge, "Gildas", p. 204.
1823:ĐŠĐ”ŃĐșĐŸĐČĐœĐ°Ń ĐžŃŃĐŸŃĐžŃ ĐœĐ°ŃĐŸĐŽĐ° Đ°ĐœĐłĐ»ĐŸĐČ
1632:
417:for information about Lindsey.
279:had an excellent library. Both
196:, and of the conflict with the
3541:List of manuscripts of Bede's
2064:
1903:List of manuscripts of Bede's
1381:The first printed copy of the
925:all drew heavily on the text.
786:. In book I chapter 2 he used
732:
366:, and there was a copy of the
138:, is followed by the story of
13:
1:
4096:History of Christianity texts
3014:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2876:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2863:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2832:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2819:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2783:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
2157:Bede's Ecclesiastical History
1553:1587: Michael Sonnius, Paris.
1550:1550: John de Grave, Antwerp.
1476:. It contains the preface to
134:, including the martyrdom of
132:Christianity in Roman Britain
4086:Sources on Germanic paganism
3760:The Prose Solomon and Saturn
2997:. Jonathan Cape. p. 75.
2585:English Historical Documents
1916:
1852:CĂrkevnĂ dÄjiny nĂĄroda AnglĆŻ
1825:(Saint-Petersburg: ĐлДŃĐ”ĐčŃ).
1814:(Paris: Les Belles Lettres).
991:m-type is a later revision.
769:anno incarnationis dominicae
7:
4091:8th-century Christian texts
3393:public domain audiobook at
3172:Farmer, David Hugh (1978).
2935:Bede, The Reckoning of Time
2738:Behr "Origins of Kingship"
2269:Conversion and Colonization
2217:Conversion and Colonization
2204:Conversion and Colonization
1880:
1537:
1385:appeared from the press of
765:anno ab incarnatione Domini
462:
91:
10:
4137:
4111:8th-century books in Latin
3551:MonkwearmouthâJarrow Abbey
3165:10.5840/renascence19995213
3134:Cambridge University Press
3070:Journal of British Studies
2940:Liverpool University Press
2878:, p. lxxi, n. 1.
1895:Anglo-Saxon England portal
1876:(Celje: Mohorjeva druĆŸba).
1474:Cambridge University Press
1263:History of the manuscripts
1150:National Library of Russia
270:
4121:8th-century history books
4037:
4003:
3985:
3929:
3887:
3838:
3791:
3749:
3702:
3653:
3616:
3609:
3528:
3482:
3437:
2963:Sharon M. Rowley (2011).
2894:. Routledge. p. 30.
1457:, and with assistance of
583:He writes approvingly of
566:
514:
487:in fighting the Picts at
448:Life of Gregory the Great
397:; he was in contact with
348:of Gregory the Great and
86:English national identity
3938:Handbook for a Confessor
3429:
3317:Wallace-Hadrill, J. M.,
1626:Scrittori greci e latini
866:Assessment and influence
636:Archbishop of Canterbury
207:
179:Archbishop of Canterbury
159:Battle of Hatfield Chase
3626:Old English Martyrology
3536:Jarrow Hall Bede Museum
3492:
3323:Oxford University Press
3310:Jones, Putnam Fennell,
3266:10.1111/1468-0254.00018
3178:Oxford University Press
2861:Colgrave & Mynors,
2830:Colgrave & Mynors,
2817:Colgrave & Mynors,
2781:Colgrave & Mynors,
2548:Oxford University Press
1706:(Schaffhausen: Hurter).
434:Augustine of Canterbury
381:monastery in Canterbury
3544:Historia Ecclesiastica
3543:
3463:
3447:
3338:
3049:, Cantabrigiae, 1722;
3016:, p. lxxiii, and
3010:Ecclesiastical History
2865:, pp. lxxâlxxiii.
2569:(first published 1999)
2395:, p. 95 (II. 13).
2177:, Preface, p. 42.
2175:Historia Ecclesiastica
2072:Historia Ecclesiastica
1905:Historia Ecclesiastica
1488:Historia ecclesiastica
1428:Historia Ecclesiastica
1404:Ecclesiastical History
1383:Historia Ecclesiastica
1244:Historia Ecclesiastica
1239:
1237:Historia Ecclesiastica
1196:UniversitÀtsbibliothek
977:Historia Ecclesiastica
904:Historia Ecclesiastica
872:Historia Ecclesiastica
816:Historia Ecclesiastica
761:Historia Ecclesiastica
745:
718:Historia Ecclesiastica
703:Theodore of Canterbury
643:Historia Ecclesiastica
573:Historia Ecclesiastica
557:Historia Ecclesiastica
523:Historia Ecclesiastica
469:Ecclesiastical History
405:for information about
395:Historia Ecclesiastica
328:
322:is drawn largely from
118:
113:
54:
40:
3969:Old English Hexateuch
3921:Old English Herbarium
3727:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
3561:Saint Petersburg Bede
3473:The Reckoning of Time
3254:Early Medieval Europe
3195:Higham, N. J (2006).
2740:Early Medieval Europe
1691:(London: James Bohn)
1479:The Reckoning of Time
1367:St Gall Abbey Library
1234:
1220:Fonds de la ville 11
1173:Herzog August Library
930:William of Malmesbury
909:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
855:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
740:The Reckoning of Time
546:History of the Franks
390:Libellus responsionum
372:in Bede's monastery.
99:
76:. It was composed in
35:
4018:Old English Lapidary
3995:Kentish Royal Legend
3930:Ecclesiastical texts
3713:History of the World
3679:Sermo Lupi ad Anglos
2834:, pp. xxxixâxl.
2355:Chadwick "Theodore"
1863:Storia degli Inglesi
1738:(London: J.M. Dent)
1674:, and T. Meighan in
1638:Late ninth century:
1318:Cambridge University
1304:, also known as the
1294:, also known as the
1278:, also known as the
971:Manuscript tradition
938:Geoffrey of Monmouth
829:was translated into
810:Continuation of Bede
660:Edwin of Northumbria
529:Acts of the Apostles
254:Prosper of Aquitaine
155:Edwin of Northumbria
4024:Wonders of the East
3962:Vindicta Salvatoris
3955:Gospel of Nicodemus
3916:Byrhtferth's Manual
3774:The Durham Proverbs
3465:Paenitentiale Bedae
3126:Blair, Peter Hunter
2821:, pp. xliâxlv.
2357:Archbishop Theodore
1803:(Paris: Gallimard).
1799:Philippe Delaveau,
1772:bilingual full text
1736:Vida Dutton Scudder
975:Manuscripts of the
934:Henry of Huntingdon
796:Fasciculus Temporum
746:De Temporum Ratione
379:, the abbot of the
362:, and the works of
277:monastery at Jarrow
74:Celtic Christianity
4012:Apollonius of Tyre
3767:Adrian and Ritheus
3663:Blickling Homilies
3314:, Cambridge, 1929.
2785:, pp. xlâxli.
2761:, 4 September 2019
2611:Sharon M. Rowley,
2587:, p. 259â260.
2486:, pp. 474â476
2445:Kings and Kingdoms
1545:Heinrich Eggestein
1397:'s translation of
1387:Heinrich Eggestein
1296:St Petersburg Bede
1240:
1125:University Library
1029:University Library
914:Historia Brittonum
835:West Saxon dialect
737:In 725 Bede wrote
681:Omissions and bias
632:Theodore of Tarsus
622:is concerned with
559:. His interest in
369:Liber Pontificalis
352:. He also drew on
114:
108:, from a codex at
41:
38:St Petersburg Bede
36:Folio 3v from the
4073:
4072:
4033:
4032:
3751:Wisdom literature
3733:Winchcombe Annals
3673:Vercelli Homilies
3603:Old English prose
3569:
3568:
3366:Project Gutenberg
3345:The Latin Library
3244:978-0-631-22492-1
3225:978-0-631-22492-1
3130:The World of Bede
3117:978-0-19-953723-5
3045:, cura et studio
2976:978-1-84384-273-6
2949:978-0-85323-693-1
2942:. p. xcvii.
2901:978-1-134-26065-2
2653:Companion to Bede
2070:Bede, "Preface",
1821:Vadim Erlikhman,
1776:English full text
1750:Leo Sherley-Price
1573:Patrologia Latina
1335:Historia Anglorum
1224:
1223:
1200:M. p. th. f. 118
1154:Lat. Q. v. I. 18
1100:Zentralbibliothek
1081:Hatton 43 (4106)
847:Alfred of England
757:Dionysius Exiguus
430:Gregorian mission
256:, the letters of
236:Book 5 AD 687â731
233:Book 4 AD 664â698
230:Book 3 AD 633â665
227:Book 2 AD 604â633
187:kingdom of Sussex
171:Council of Whitby
147:Gregory the Great
16:(Redirected from
4128:
3888:Scientific texts
3860:Textus Roffensis
3668:Lambeth Homilies
3614:
3613:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3546:
3495:
3468:
3452:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3401:
3400:
3387:
3386:
3343:, in Latin from
3341:
3300:
3291:(306): 144â161.
3277:
3248:
3229:
3210:
3191:
3168:
3147:
3121:
3102:
3054:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3021:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2995:English Scholars
2991:David C. Douglas
2987:
2981:
2980:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2885:
2879:
2872:
2866:
2859:
2848:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2822:
2815:
2786:
2779:
2762:
2749:
2743:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2649:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2609:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2581:
2570:
2568:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2460:
2459:, pp. 29â30
2454:
2448:
2441:
2430:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2383:, pp. 25â26
2378:
2372:
2371:, pp. 26â27
2366:
2360:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2334:
2327:
2321:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2295:, pp. 30â31
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2231:, pp. 57â59
2226:
2220:
2213:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2171:
2160:
2155:Wallace-Hadrill
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2133:Meyvaert "Bede"
2131:
2125:
2120:Meyvaert "Bede"
2118:
2112:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2084:
2081:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2034:, pp. 31â32
2029:
2023:
2017:
2008:
2004:Campbell "Bede"
2002:
1951:
1945:
1936:
1930:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1871:
1860:
1849:
1842:
1831:
1820:
1809:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1764:Bertram Colgrave
1762:
1748:
1734:
1723:
1712:
1701:
1689:John Allen Giles
1687:
1666:
1654:Thomas Stapleton
1652:
1644:Alfred the Great
1641:
1640:(in Old English)
1592:Bertram Colgrave
1492:David C. Douglas
1453:, encouraged by
1411:and S. Ryman at
1377:Printing history
1217:, Public Library
1146:Saint Petersburg
1077:Bodleian Library
1033:4° MS. theol. 2
998:
997:
988:Bertram Colgrave
839:Anglian features
820:Simeon of Durham
800:Werner Rolevinck
748:
542:Gregory of Tours
453:Stephen of Ripon
344:, and anonymous
336:Eddius Stephanus
333:
314:as a source for
312:Life of Germanus
121:
21:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4029:
3999:
3981:
3925:
3883:
3879:Fonthill Letter
3873:Canons of Edgar
3834:
3787:
3745:
3698:
3649:
3631:Lives of Saints
3605:
3600:
3570:
3565:
3524:
3505:Ecgbert of York
3478:
3449:De natura rerum
3433:
3428:
3384:
3332:
3307:
3305:Further reading
3245:
3226:
3207:
3188:
3144:
3118:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3040:
3036:
3028:
3024:
3006:
3002:
2988:
2984:
2977:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2930:
2926:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2886:
2882:
2873:
2869:
2860:
2851:
2842:
2838:
2829:
2825:
2816:
2789:
2780:
2765:
2750:
2746:
2737:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2684:
2675:
2671:
2663:
2659:
2650:
2643:
2635:
2631:
2623:
2619:
2610:
2603:
2595:
2591:
2582:
2573:
2558:
2540:
2536:
2528:
2524:
2516:
2512:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2482:
2478:
2470:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2442:
2433:
2428:
2424:
2416:
2412:
2403:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2354:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2328:
2324:
2315:
2311:
2303:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2275:
2266:
2262:
2254:
2247:
2239:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2214:
2210:
2201:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2172:
2163:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2098:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2011:
2003:
1954:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1924:
1919:
1893:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1869:
1858:
1854:(Prague: Argo).
1847:
1840:
1829:
1818:
1807:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1768:R. A. B. Mynors
1760:
1746:
1732:
1721:
1710:
1699:
1685:
1672:Paternoster Row
1664:
1650:
1639:
1635:
1618:Michael Lapidge
1607:Michael Lapidge
1596:R. A. B. Mynors
1581:Charles Plummer
1558:Abraham Whelock
1540:
1511:
1499:Charles Plummer
1486:version of the
1472:, published by
1436:Abraham Whelock
1379:
1265:
1229:
1177:Weissenburg 34
1056:Cotton Tiberius
1051:British Library
981:Charles Plummer
973:
942:Polydore Vergil
868:
812:
735:
707:Life of Wilfrid
691:North Yorkshire
683:
656:
628:Life of Wilfrid
569:
551:Bede's work as
517:
465:
457:Life of Wilfrid
341:Life of Wilfrid
281:Benedict Biscop
273:
210:
181:, and recounts
110:Engelberg Abbey
94:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4134:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4020:
4015:
4007:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3991:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3949:Wessex Gospels
3946:
3944:Hatton Gospels
3941:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3869:
3864:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3797:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3735:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3708:
3706:
3704:Historiography
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3686:De falsis diis
3682:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3644:Visio Leofrici
3640:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3460:
3453:
3443:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3378:
3377:
3368:
3348:
3331:
3330:External links
3328:
3327:
3326:
3315:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3278:
3249:
3243:
3230:
3224:
3211:
3206:978-0415353687
3205:
3192:
3186:
3169:
3148:
3142:
3122:
3116:
3103:
3083:10.1086/385808
3062:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3047:Johannis Smith
3034:
3022:
3000:
2982:
2975:
2955:
2948:
2924:
2907:
2900:
2880:
2867:
2849:
2836:
2823:
2787:
2763:
2744:
2731:
2719:
2707:
2695:
2682:
2669:
2657:
2641:
2629:
2617:
2601:
2589:
2571:
2556:
2534:
2522:
2510:
2497:
2495:Bede, HE, V.23
2488:
2476:
2461:
2449:
2447:, p. 100.
2431:
2422:
2410:
2397:
2385:
2373:
2361:
2348:
2335:
2322:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2273:
2260:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2208:
2192:
2179:
2161:
2148:
2139:
2126:
2113:
2104:
2085:
2076:
2063:
2048:
2046:, pp. 1â2
2036:
2024:
2009:
1952:
1937:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1899:
1898:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1866:
1861:Paolo Chiesa,
1855:
1844:
1837:
1826:
1815:
1804:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1757:
1743:
1729:
1718:
1707:
1702:M. M. Wilden.
1696:
1682:
1661:
1647:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1614:
1603:
1588:
1577:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1539:
1536:
1510:
1507:
1459:Humfrey Wanley
1455:Ralph Thoresby
1447:Cotton Library
1378:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1357:
1356:
1342:
1328:
1321:
1299:
1289:
1283:
1273:
1264:
1261:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1166:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1022:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
972:
969:
946:Matthew Parker
867:
864:
811:
808:
734:
731:
682:
679:
678:
677:
655:
654:Bede's sparrow
652:
593:Chad of Mercia
568:
565:
516:
513:
504:date of Easter
464:
461:
422:Walter Goffart
420:The historian
272:
269:
258:Pope Gregory I
238:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
209:
206:
198:British church
112:, Switzerland.
102:Venerable Bede
93:
90:
57:), written by
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4133:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:Works by Bede
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3910:Leechbook III
3907:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3782:Dicts of Cato
3778:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:. Routledge.
3198:
3193:
3189:
3187:0-19282-038-9
3183:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3143:0-521-39819-3
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3031:
3026:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3004:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2978:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2884:
2877:
2871:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2846:
2840:
2833:
2827:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2760:
2759:
2758:New Statesman
2754:
2751:Tom Holland,
2748:
2741:
2735:
2728:
2723:
2716:
2711:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2679:
2673:
2666:
2661:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2626:
2621:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2598:
2593:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2557:0-19-214231-3
2553:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2532:, p. 269
2531:
2526:
2520:, p. 148
2519:
2514:
2507:
2501:
2492:
2485:
2480:
2473:
2468:
2466:
2458:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2426:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2389:
2382:
2377:
2370:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2345:
2339:
2332:
2326:
2319:
2313:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2289:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2264:
2257:
2252:
2250:
2242:
2237:
2230:
2225:
2218:
2212:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2189:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2152:
2143:
2136:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2108:
2101:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2080:
2074:, p. 41.
2073:
2067:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1885:
1875:
1867:
1864:
1856:
1853:
1845:
1841:(in Japanese)
1838:
1835:
1827:
1824:
1816:
1813:
1805:
1802:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1719:
1716:
1708:
1705:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1645:
1637:
1636:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1570:1861: Migne,
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:, Strasbourg.
1546:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1501:, whose 1896
1500:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1409:Heinrich Gran
1406:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:and given to
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:Tiberius Bede
1277:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
992:
989:
984:
982:
978:
968:
966:
962:
958:
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
915:
910:
905:
900:
898:
894:
890:
885:
883:
878:
873:
863:
861:
857:
856:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
823:
821:
817:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:before Christ
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
753:
747:
742:
741:
730:
728:
722:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
698:
696:
692:
688:
674:
670:
666:
665:
664:
661:
651:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
605:
600:
596:
594:
590:
586:
581:
579:
574:
564:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
537:
535:
531:
530:
525:
524:
512:
509:
505:
500:
498:
492:
490:
486:
485:King Ecgfrith
482:
478:
474:
470:
460:
458:
454:
450:
449:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
370:
365:
361:
360:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:
337:
332:
331:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
268:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
222:
221:
219:
218:Julius Caesar
215:
205:
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
128:Julius Caesar
125:
120:
111:
107:
103:
98:
89:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
47:
39:
34:
30:
19:
4022:
4010:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3936:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3871:
3858:
3852:
3827:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3781:
3780:Old English
3772:
3765:
3758:
3738:
3737:Old English
3725:
3719:
3718:
3711:
3692:
3684:
3677:
3642:
3635:
3630:
3471:
3456:
3455:
3389:
3379:
3372:
3352:
3318:
3311:
3288:
3282:
3260:(1): 59â84.
3257:
3253:
3234:
3215:
3196:
3173:
3159:(1): 19â33.
3156:
3152:
3129:
3107:
3074:
3068:
3061:Bibliography
3050:
3042:
3037:
3030:Lapidge 2014
3025:
3020:, p. 17
3013:
3009:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2965:
2958:
2934:
2927:
2917:
2910:
2890:
2883:
2875:
2870:
2862:
2844:
2839:
2831:
2826:
2818:
2782:
2756:
2747:
2739:
2734:
2729:, p. 33
2722:
2717:, p. 27
2710:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2685:
2677:
2672:
2667:, p. 21
2660:
2652:
2639:, p. 25
2632:
2627:, p. 24
2620:
2612:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2563:
2561:
2543:
2537:
2525:
2513:
2508:, p. 20
2500:
2491:
2484:Thacker 1998
2479:
2474:, p. 23
2452:
2444:
2425:
2413:
2400:
2388:
2376:
2364:
2356:
2351:
2343:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2307:, p. 54
2300:
2288:
2283:, p. 30
2276:
2268:
2263:
2258:, p. 27
2243:, p. 26
2236:
2224:
2216:
2211:
2203:
2187:
2182:
2174:
2156:
2151:
2142:
2134:
2129:
2121:
2116:
2107:
2102:, p. 25
2079:
2071:
2066:
2061:, p. 32
2039:
2027:
2022:, p. 31
2005:
1950:, p. 22
1935:, p. 21
1904:
1873:
1870:(in Slovene)
1862:
1859:(in Italian)
1851:
1833:
1822:
1819:(in Russian)
1811:
1800:
1790:(in Chinese)
1761:(in English)
1747:(in English)
1733:(in English)
1722:(in English)
1711:(in English)
1703:
1686:(in English)
1668:John Stevens
1665:(in English)
1651:(in English)
1633:Translations
1621:
1610:
1599:
1584:
1571:
1567:, Cambridge.
1560:, Cambridge.
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1502:
1496:
1487:
1477:
1469:
1467:
1440:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1402:
1382:
1380:
1371:
1358:
1344:
1339:Ebrach Abbey
1334:
1330:
1323:
1301:
1291:
1285:
1275:
1268:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1208:
1185:
1169:WolfenbĂŒttel
1162:
1139:
1114:
1089:
1066:
1043:
1018:
993:
985:
976:
974:
956:
954:
949:
927:
922:
912:
908:
903:
901:
896:
892:
888:
886:
876:
871:
869:
859:
853:
851:
826:
824:
815:
813:
803:
795:
787:
783:
781:
772:
768:
764:
760:
750:
738:
736:
726:
723:
717:
715:
706:
699:
684:
657:
646:
642:
640:
627:
619:
617:
612:
608:
603:
601:
597:
582:
572:
570:
556:
553:hagiographer
550:
545:
538:
533:
527:
521:
518:
501:
497:missionaries
493:
489:Nechtansmere
471:has a clear
468:
466:
456:
447:
441:
425:
419:
394:
388:
374:
367:
357:
345:
339:
311:
289:
274:
262:
239:
213:
211:
191:
144:
123:
115:
105:
104:writing the
45:
44:
42:
29:
3987:Genealogies
3840:Legal texts
3618:Hagiography
3077:(1): 1â25.
3018:Farmer 1978
2727:Higham 2006
2715:Higham 2006
2665:Higham 2006
2637:Higham 2006
2625:Higham 2006
2583:Whitelock,
2472:Farmer 1978
2457:Farmer 1978
2381:Farmer 1978
2369:Farmer 1978
2305:Higham 2006
2293:Farmer 1978
2281:Farmer 1978
2256:Farmer 1978
2241:Farmer 1978
2190:pp. 296â307
2100:Farmer 1978
2059:Farmer 1978
2032:Farmer 1978
2020:Farmer 1978
1948:Farmer 1978
1933:Farmer 1978
1830:(in French)
1808:(in French)
1797:(in French)
1783:(in German)
1700:(in German)
1616:2008â2010:
1484:Old English
1463:Old English
1451:Thomas Gale
1434:. In 1643,
1424:Opera Omnia
1010:Manuscript
961:Tom Holland
831:Old English
792:Middle Ages
773:anno Domini
752:anno Domini
733:Anno Domini
693:, and from
508:St Cuthbert
477:Northumbria
364:Cassiodorus
359:Antiquities
308:Constantius
82:Anglo-Saxon
4080:Categories
4055:Byrhtferth
3556:Moore Bede
3510:Hwaetberht
3176:. Oxford:
3153:Renascence
3008:of Bede's
2546:. Oxford:
2530:Blair 1990
2518:Tyler 2007
2506:Brown 1999
2504:Quoted in
2044:Abels 1983
1848:(in Czech)
1676:Drury Lane
1565:John Smith
1443:John Smith
1432:Heidelberg
1391:Strasbourg
1310:John Moore
1306:Moore Bede
1129:Kk. 5. 16
957:Historia's
882:Strasbourg
804:anno mundi
777:conception
687:Lastingham
647:de rigueur
578:St Patrick
544:' earlier
446:anonymous
442:De excidio
403:Lastingham
306:. He used
70:Roman Rite
67:pre-Schism
3896:Leechbook
3848:Law codes
3809:Hierdeboc
3802:Froforboc
3793:Ălfredian
3740:Hexameron
3500:Ceolfrith
3490:Benedict
3274:161546509
3099:144462900
2742:pp. 25â52
2693:pp. 238â9
2691:Narrators
2678:Narrators
2564:argumenta
2393:Bede 1994
2359:pp. 92â93
2344:Narrators
2331:Narrators
2318:Narrators
2219:pp. 12â14
2188:Narrators
2159:pp. 37â38
1917:Citations
1754:full text
1740:full text
1726:full text
1715:full text
1693:full text
1680:full text
1658:full text
1349:St Hubert
1121:Cambridge
689:, now in
669:ealdormen
473:polemical
296:Eutropius
285:Ceolfrith
242:Augustine
140:Augustine
4065:Wulfstan
4060:Werferth
3903:Lacnunga
3867:Charters
3854:GeĂŸyncĂ°o
3816:Blostman
3655:Homilies
3515:Nothhelm
3395:LibriVox
3128:(1990).
2993:(1943).
2689:Goffart
2676:Goffart
2342:Goffart
2329:Goffart
2316:Goffart
2229:Ray 2001
2206:pp. 7â10
2186:Goffart
2135:Speculum
2122:Speculum
1881:See also
1598:(eds.),
1538:Editions
1413:Haguenau
1399:Eusebius
1353:Ardennes
1314:George I
1192:WĂŒrzburg
1049:London,
1007:Location
950:Historia
897:Historia
893:Historia
889:Historia
877:Historia
860:Historia
827:Historia
727:Historia
711:Boniface
620:Historia
613:Historia
609:Historia
604:Historia
561:computus
491:in 685.
463:Contents
426:Historia
415:Cynibert
385:Nothhelm
354:Josephus
350:Cuthbert
316:Germanus
214:Historia
202:Ceolwulf
175:Theodore
136:St Alban
92:Overview
4038:Authors
3829:Dialogi
3520:Wilfrid
3325:, 1988.
3284:History
2655:pp. 4â5
2651:Wright
2443:Yorke,
2271:pp. 4â7
1583:(ed.),
1420:Antwerp
1395:Rufinus
1351:in the
1104:Rh. 95
1001:Version
695:Lindsey
624:Wilfrid
589:Columba
377:Albinus
304:Solinus
292:Orosius
271:Sources
246:Orosius
183:Wilfrid
157:at the
63:England
4050:Ălfric
4045:Ălfred
3822:Psalms
3693:Judith
3529:Topics
3493:Biscop
3483:People
3370:Bede,
3350:Bede,
3335:Bede,
3272:
3241:
3222:
3203:
3184:
3140:
3114:
3097:
3091:175617
3089:
2973:
2946:
2898:
2680:p. 236
2554:
2346:p. 326
2333:p. 240
2320:p. 235
2173:Bede,
2137:p. 843
2124:p. 831
1911:CĂŠdmon
1868:2015:
1857:2009:
1846:2008:
1839:2008:
1828:2005:
1817:2003:
1806:1999:
1795:1995:
1788:1989:
1781:1982:
1759:1969:
1745:1955:
1731:1910:
1720:1907:
1709:1903:
1698:1866:
1684:1845:
1663:1723:
1649:1565:
1605:2005:
1590:1969:
1579:1896:
1563:1722:
1556:1643:
1543:1475:
1272:Fulda.
1096:ZĂŒrich
1073:Oxford
1025:Kassel
965:Alfred
936:, and
919:Alcuin
917:, and
843:Mercia
673:thegns
634:, the
567:Themes
515:Models
481:Mercia
438:Gildas
399:Daniel
324:Gildas
302:, and
250:Gildas
194:Frisia
163:Oswald
4004:Other
3610:Texts
3439:Works
3364:from
3270:S2CID
3095:S2CID
3087:JSTOR
1327:Ages.
1215:Namur
1211:-text
1188:-text
1165:-text
1142:-text
1117:-text
1092:-text
1069:-text
1058:C II
1046:-text
1021:-text
585:Aidan
346:Lives
300:Pliny
208:Scope
151:Penda
122:, or
78:Latin
51:Latin
3824:1â50
3431:Bede
3362:Also
3239:ISBN
3220:ISBN
3201:ISBN
3182:ISBN
3138:ISBN
3112:ISBN
2971:ISBN
2944:ISBN
2896:ISBN
2552:ISBN
1766:and
1594:and
1004:Type
944:and
902:The
870:The
852:The
825:The
716:The
671:and
641:The
587:and
534:Acts
467:The
411:Chad
409:and
407:Cedd
283:and
275:The
265:Rome
167:Oswy
165:and
116:The
100:The
72:and
59:Bede
43:The
3293:doi
3262:doi
3161:doi
3079:doi
2755:,"
1461:on
1401:'s
1389:in
1086:n/a
921:'s
806:).
798:by
455:'s
440:'s
432:of
356:'s
338:'s
326:'s
310:'s
177:as
4082::
3360:.
3289:92
3287:.
3268:.
3256:.
3180:.
3157:51
3155:.
3136:.
3093:.
3085:.
3075:23
3073:.
2938:.
2852:^
2790:^
2766:^
2644:^
2604:^
2574:^
2560:.
2550:.
2464:^
2434:^
2248:^
2195:^
2164:^
2088:^
2051:^
2012:^
1955:^
1940:^
1925:^
1774:;
1678:)
1624:,
1465:.
1415:.
1194:,
1171:,
1148:,
1123:,
1098:,
1075:,
1027:,
932:,
911:,
884:.
779:.
729:.
580:.
548:.
298:,
294:,
252:,
248:,
189:.
88:.
53::
3863:)
3857:(
3595:e
3588:t
3581:v
3423:e
3416:t
3409:v
3347:.
3299:.
3295::
3276:.
3264::
3258:7
3247:.
3228:.
3209:.
3190:.
3167:.
3163::
3146:.
3120:.
3101:.
3081::
3032:.
2979:.
2952:.
2904:.
1778:.
1756:.
1742:.
1728:.
1717:.
1695:.
1660:.
1646:.
1355:.
1345:N
1341:.
1331:E
1324:U
1302:M
1292:L
1286:O
1276:C
1269:K
1209:m
1205:N
1186:m
1182:E
1163:m
1159:U
1140:m
1135:L
1115:m
1110:M
1090:c
1067:c
1063:O
1044:c
1039:C
1019:c
1015:K
743:(
49:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.