5419:
5407:
2966:
5383:
5211:
5431:
36:
3433:
5113:
5065:
2721:
125:
6393:
3106:
3254:. It seems likely that the northern Belgae, due to their intense contact with the Gaulish south, were largely influenced by this southern culture. Tribal names were 'qualifications' and could have been translated or given by the Gauls and picked up by Caesar. Perhaps they were Germanic people who had adopted Gaulish titles or names. The Belgians were a political alliance of southern Celtic and northern Germanic tribes. In any case, the Romans were not precise in their
5395:
5057:
5464:
5275:
4996:
4832:
4575:
5450:
586:
600:
4526:. Some member states, such as Prussia and Austria, had only a part of their territories included within the confederation, while other member states brought territories to the alliance that included people, like Poles and the Czechs, who did not speak German as their native tongue. In addition, there were also substantial German speaking populations that remained outside the confederation.
5663:
5080:
After the defeat in World War II, Germany was occupied by the troops of
Britain, France, the United States and Soviet Union. Berlin was a case of its own, as it was situated on the territory of the Soviet zone but divided into four sectors. The western sectors were later called West Berlin, the other
4278:
is a one-handed sign: the hand is placed on the forehead, palm facing sideways, extended index finger facing upwards, with the thumb keeping the other fingers tucked against the palm. The sign may also be used to mean 'German language' or 'German person', as well as 'police' or 'police officer'. This
3444:
In
English, the name "Almain" or "Alman" was used for Germany and for the adjective German until the 16th century, with "German" first attested in 1520, used at first as an alternative then becoming a replacement, maybe inspired mainly by the need to differ them from the more and more independently
4008:
The
Chinese name is a phonetic approximation of the German proper adjective. The Vietnamese name is based on the Chinese name. The Japanese name is a phonetic approximation of the Dutch proper adjective. The Korean name is based on the Japanese name. This is explained in detail below:
762:
Often language lags behind the changing society and names tend to retain references to first encounters: the
Finnish first and foremost met the Saxons while the French faced the Alamanni. Comparable tendencies appear elsewhere, e.g. in names for Russia.
4546:
In 1866/1867 Prussia and her allies left the German
Confederation. After Austria was defeated in the German War of summer 1866, it acknowledged the dissolution of the confederation. Prussia was free to create a new alliance, called the
4305:
The terminology for "Germany", the "German states" and "Germans" is complicated by the unusual history of
Germany over the last 2000 years. This can cause confusion in German and English, as well in other languages. While the notion of
4639:
referred to a geographical entity comprising many states, much as "the
Balkans" is used today, or the term "America" was used by the founders of "the United States of America". In German constitutional history, the expressions
4293:, alongside another, in which the dominant hand's wrist is placed on that of the non-dominant hand in front of the signer's chest, with both hands' fingers spread and wiggling. Several other languages also use the
7894:
4675:
Due to the history of
Germany, the principle of federalism is strong. Only the state of Hitler (1933–1945) and the state of the communists (East Germany, 1949–1990) were centralist states. As a result, the words
4934:, after the city where the National Assembly gathered, came up in the 1920s, but was not commonly used until the 1950s. It became necessary to find an appropriate term for the Germany between 1871 and 1919:
3250:. Caesar claims that most of the northern Belgae were descended from tribes who had long ago crossed the Rhine from Germania. However many tribal names and personal names or titles recorded are identifiably
1064:
7934:
7914:
7972:
4684:
were used more frequently than in other countries, to distinguish between imperial or federal institutions and those at a subnational level. For example, a modern federal German minister is called
7939:
3519:
Among the indigenous peoples of North
America of former French and British colonial areas, the word for "Germany" came primarily as a borrowing from either French or English. For example, in the
7949:
7944:
7929:
7919:
7899:
7889:
4494:). This feudal state became a union of relatively independent rulers who developed their own territories. Modernisation took place on the territorial level (such as Austria, Prussia, Saxony or
4444:, later anachronistically applied to the Germans. The term was first used to designate the popular language as opposed to the language used by the religious and secular rulers who used Latin.
7909:
7904:
7884:
7954:
7924:
4648:(federation, confederation) are somewhat interchangeable. Sometimes they even co-existed in the same constitution: for example in the German Empire (1871–1918) the parliament had the name
4522:, which remained a military alliance under the "protection" of Napoleon, rather than consolidating into an actual confederation. After the fall of Napoleon in 1815, these states created a
4966:(officially in June 1939), but it already had become popular among supporters and opponents and is still used in historiography (sometimes in quotation marks). It later led to the name
3891:, which should designate Germans is that Arabs considered Austria to be the nation of German people for a long time in the middle ages, on the other hand the Arabic name of "Germany",
3488:, they be rude and rusticall, and very boisterous in their speech, and humbly in their apparel ... they do feed grossly, and they will eat maggots as fast as we will eat comfits.
4551:. It became a federal state with its constitution of 1 July 1867. The remaining South German countries, with the exception of Austria and Liechtenstein, joined the country in 1870.
3989:
possibly comes from a name originally given by West Baltic tribes to the
Vikings. Latvian linguist Konstantīns Karulis proposes that the word may be based on the Indo-European word
8211:
7879:
5081:
one East Berlin. The communists tended to consider the Soviet sector of Berlin as a part of GDR; West Berlin was, according to them, an independent political unit. In the GDR
4958:), which was introduced by writers in the last years of the republic. In fact, this was only a propaganda term and did not constitute a new state. Another propaganda term was
4695:
As a result of the Hitler regime, and maybe also of Imperial Germany up to 1919, many Germans – especially those on the political left – have negative feelings about the word
5418:
6535:
6314:
6142:
Mediaeval Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources: Fragments Towards the Knowledge of the Geography and History of Central and Western Asia from the 13th to the 17th Century
3465:, and your swag-bellied Hollander—Drink, ho!—are nothing to your English. ... Why, he drinks you, with facility, your Dane dead drunk; he sweats not to overthrow your
5406:
4919:(ethnic Germans). The latter expression referred mainly to the German minorities in Eastern Europe. Germans living abroad (for example in America) were and are called
4543:) to replace the alliance of independent states. In this era of emerging national movements, "Germany" was used only as a reference to a particular geographical area.
4705:
is another word also used in contexts other than politics. Many associations in Germany are federations or have a federalised structure and differentiate between a
2981:, roughly the area where Germany now is, it seems that the new word was taken on by the people only slowly, over the centuries: in central Eastern Francia the word
5182:
Until 1970, a number of expressions competed in the Federal Republic to designate the other German state (the communist German Democratic Republic). It was called
2989:
and other variants were only used by people to describe themselves, at first as an alternative term, from about the 10th century. It was used, for example, in the
6347:
7836:
4191:) is the Korean pronunciation of the former Japanese name. The compound coined by the Japanese was adapted into Korean, so its characters 獨逸 are not pronounced
4760:
of 1848–49, argued about what should become of Austria. Including Austria (at least the German-speaking parts) in a future German state was referred to as the
3617:
the words that historically applied to ancient Saxons changed their meaning over the centuries to denote the whole country of Germany and the Germans. In some
3997:
wackis ("war cry") or Latvian vēkšķis. Such names could have been used to describe neighbouring people whose language was incomprehensible to Baltic peoples.
8463:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
631:
8204:
7845:
3921:(نمچه), is borrowed from the anterior Arabic name of Austria known throughout the Islamic world who considered Austria to be home of the Germans. The
8237:
6406:
5179:—a chauvinist concept) aspirations. In 1969 the Federal Ministry for All German Affairs was renamed the Federal Ministry for Intra-German Relations.
3501:
5700:
6702:
6545:
510:
3274:
take pride in their German origin, stating that this noble blood separates them from all comparison (with the Gauls) and the Gaulish laziness".
8349:
8232:
5686:
4970:(Second Empire) being used to refer to Germany between the years 1871 and 1919. Germany under Hitler's rule is most commonly called in English
8244:
6907:
6178:
4950:
After Adolf Hitler took power in 1933, the official name of the state was still the same. For a couple of years, Hitler used the expression
766:
Each of the names for Germany has been adapted into other languages all over the world. After an overview of variants this article presents
8390:
5728:
R.V.Sowa, Wörterbuch des Dialekts der deutschen Zigeuner. Westliche Mundart (Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 11) Leipzig 1898 (
3504:, which is probably not really connected to the word "almond" (of Greek origin) but is a corruption of "Almain furnace". In modern German,
5237:(our republic). The GDR still supported the idea of a German nation and the need for reunification. The Federal Republic was often called
8154:
7829:
6209:
5888:
4341:(of (the) German nation), showing that the former idea of a universal realm had given way to a concentration on the German territories.
8357:
7977:
3861:
6239:
5096:
was still used for a couple of years (in 1947, for instance, when the Social Democrats gathered in Nuremberg they called their rally
4530:
7193:
6433:
6311:
4745:
exists in all three of them: in Switzerland it is the government and in Germany and Austria the house of regional representatives.
4482:. These English terms were obsolete by the 19th century. At the time, the territory of modern Germany belonged to the realm of the
624:
3598:: a Saxon was perhaps literally a swordsman, or (b) to be derived from the word "axe", the region axed between the valleys of the
7374:
183:
5870:
4790:
4762:
7822:
7454:
5171:, referring to Germany in the international borders of 1937 (before Hitler started to annex other countries). This resulted in
8363:
6667:
6086:
5930:
5819:
4382:—the tribes did not themselves use the term. After 1500 these tribes were identified by linguists as belonging to a group of
564:
495:
428:
5382:
8115:
6974:
5729:
3039:, a military religious order, and the Teutonic Cross) and "Teuton" (noun), attested from 1833. "Teuton" was also used for
6821:
6804:
6637:
4333:. It was a union of relatively independent rulers who each ruled their own territories. This empire was called in German
617:
391:
159:
6342:
5341:
ceased to exist. Five new federal states ("Bundesländer") were established and joined the "Bundesrepublik Deutschland" (
6712:
6677:
6622:
2985:
was used for a lot longer, as there was no need for people to distinguish themselves from the distant Franks. The word
530:
324:
179:
4005:
In East Asia, the names have generally been imported directly from German "deutsch" or Dutch "duits" in various ways.
7161:
7065:
6902:
6010:
5976:
5857:
5840:
5322:
5296:
5043:
5017:
4879:
4853:
4622:
4596:
5304:
5025:
4861:
4604:
5492:
5487:
4814:
174:
4926:
After the Emperor was forced to abdicate in 1918 and the republic was declared, Germany was informally called the
225:
8443:
8273:
8069:
7580:
7027:
6627:
3857:
3730:
was narrowed to just Germans. The plural form is used for the Germans instead of any specific country name, e.g.
3035:, ultimately give birth to the English words "Teuton" (first found in 1530) for the adjective German, (as in the
336:
201:
8216:
7510:
7010:
6826:
6510:
5477:
5430:
5300:
5021:
4857:
4600:
3925:
as well was the biggest German-speaking country in the 16th to 17th centuries bordering on the Ottoman Empire.
3883:
appeared during the Crusades era, another possibility is that the term could have been known early by Arabs in
3062:), the neighboring Germanic dialects, areas and inhabitants of Flanders to Alsace are sometimes referred to as
2935:; however, when the Franks moved their political and cultural centre to the area where France now is, the term
839:
205:
164:
955:
8453:
8382:
7304:
7080:
6942:
6846:
6745:
5665:
The Content of the Concept Germans (Rus. NEMETS) in the Ancient Russian Chronicles of the 10th–16th Centuries
5241:
or the BRD. After 1970 the GDR called itself a "socialist state of German nation". Westerners called the GDR
4904:
of 1848/1849. This expression was commonly used in official papers and also on maps, while in other contexts
4319:
851:
6156:
E. Fraenkel, Litauisches etymol. Wörterbuch (Indogerm. Bibliothek II,7) Heidelberg/Göttingen 1965, page 1272
7324:
7052:
6922:
6426:
3166:
2786:
197:
5229:, GDR). This state was not considered to be a successor of the Reich, but, nevertheless, to represent all
3827:
Over time, the Slavic exonym was borrowed by some non-Slavic languages. The Hungarian name for Germany is
1811:
8458:
8448:
8409:
7119:
7032:
6484:
6310:(5th edition 1955), 578pp; essays on German literature, music, philosophy, art and, especially, history.
5394:
5342:
4714:
217:
169:
154:
149:
104:
6072:
8278:
8199:
8132:
8125:
8120:
7717:
7530:
7447:
7042:
6954:
6932:
6851:
6836:
6652:
6632:
6474:
6140:
5482:
5337:
5226:
4741:
4664:
was transformed into the German Empire, the preamble said that the participating monarchs are creating
4661:
4548:
4519:
396:
366:
139:
4724:, referring to the national football coach, does not refer to the Federal Republic, but to the Fußball
3373:") and the adjective "germane" are not connected to the name for the country, but come from the Latin
8268:
7778:
7555:
7294:
6479:
5749:"Crocodile Skin, or the Fraternal Curtain (pp 742–759). 2012. The Antioch Review. Vol 70, No 4, Fall"
4650:
4256:) had been used in North Korea until the 1990s. Use of the Chinese name (in its Korean pronunciation
4061:
3516:
branch of the Germanic language family, spoken by approximately ten million people in six countries.
3279:
213:
209:
144:
5812:
Eine Auswahl der interessantesten Beiträge zur internationalen Ausschreibung „Ausgewanderte Wörter".
5769:
2965:
8288:
8283:
7271:
7233:
7070:
6841:
5285:
5006:
4842:
4585:
4238:
4215:
4103:
4034:
3910:
221:
17:
6186:
5060:
Occupied Germany in 1947, with western (green, blue and yellow) and eastern (red) occupation zones
8344:
8328:
8149:
7793:
7745:
7642:
7637:
7407:
7281:
7261:
7238:
7218:
7178:
7141:
7090:
6964:
6927:
6697:
6419:
6038:
5852:
Ullrich, Jan F. (2008). New Lakota Dictionary. Bloomington, Indiana: Lakota Language Consortium.
5358:
5289:
5010:
4846:
4589:
3195:
3109:
1042:
488:
189:
45:
2773:), and was used to differentiate between the speakers of Germanic languages and those who spoke
786:
In general, the names for Germany can be arranged in six main groups according to their origin:
8144:
7208:
7183:
7146:
7005:
6937:
6766:
6657:
6647:
4560:
4290:
2495:
2341:
2293:
2284:
1033:
993:
354:
248:
5210:
3242:
19th-century and early 20th-century historians speculated on whether the northern Belgae were
2925:, i.e. in the region which is now northern France. The word is only known from the Latin form
8249:
8176:
7750:
7602:
7440:
7369:
7188:
7173:
7136:
6217:
5756:
5469:
4778:
4418:
3005:
2670:
1793:
1092:
731:
551:
193:
6124:
5376:
are still used for the western and the eastern parts of the German territory, respectively.
4713:(level of the regional states), in a similar way to the political bodies. An example is the
8320:
8181:
8171:
8166:
7755:
7432:
7151:
7095:
6979:
6917:
6912:
6882:
6814:
6792:
6740:
6642:
4757:
4656:
4523:
4275:
3667:
3520:
3365:, just like the Italian noun "Germani" (adjective: "germanici"), and the French adjective "
2749:
2648:
2201:
1938:
1912:
1748:
1491:
546:
374:
361:
253:
4085:
3422:
3262:: by "German(ic)" Caesar meant "originating east of the Rhine". Tacitus wrote in his book
3142:(which the Romans adopted) as the original Germanic tribes did not refer to themselves as
2947:. For this reason a new word was needed to help differentiate between them. Thus the word
912:
817:
8:
8161:
8110:
7702:
7334:
7228:
7203:
7198:
7075:
7020:
6959:
6865:
6596:
6530:
6247:
4452:
4344:
In 19th- and 20th-century historiography, the Holy Roman Empire was often referred to as
4069:
3938:
3461:
I learned it in England, where, indeed, they are most potent in potting: your Dane, your
3450:
3292:
2790:
2421:
2394:
2124:
1947:
1445:
1417:
1349:
1321:
1074:
6692:
6056:
6032:
1835:
8414:
8057:
8052:
8027:
7964:
7849:
7672:
7632:
7612:
7592:
7495:
7400:
7393:
7248:
7213:
7100:
7085:
7015:
6993:
6969:
6897:
6831:
6761:
6672:
6591:
6560:
6469:
6446:
6136:
6112:
5917:, Archimedes, vol. 64, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 143–144,
4515:
4511:
4394:(for the area where they lived) became the common Latin words for Germans and Germany.
4383:
3813:
3738:
in Silesian dialect. In other languages, the country's name derives from the adjective
3296:
3009:
2801:
2767:
2756:
2430:
2403:
2302:
2192:
2183:
2149:
1894:
1633:
1587:
1556:
1502:
1441:
1192:
1024:
900:
805:
657:
341:
301:
273:
113:
30:
3950:
3370:
8139:
8002:
7783:
7607:
7354:
7329:
7276:
7223:
7037:
6809:
6601:
6006:
5972:
5926:
5853:
5836:
5815:
5680:
4802:
4483:
4330:
4159:
3969:', both thought to be derived from the Baltic word; the ethnonym *vakja, used by the
3614:
2910:
2662:
2513:
2369:
2360:
2255:
2224:
2165:
2062:
2044:
1826:
1802:
1739:
1651:
1605:
1547:
1379:
1282:
1250:
1241:
1166:
1143:
1134:
306:
229:
4280:
3621:
the word for the English nationality is derived from Saxon, e.g., the Scottish term
3051:
used in some areas until the 19th century and its currently used official variation
1472:
8062:
8047:
8017:
7803:
7788:
7735:
7687:
7682:
7657:
7515:
7416:
7364:
7359:
7344:
7339:
7166:
7131:
7105:
6777:
6581:
6550:
6505:
6500:
5918:
5915:
Collected Wisdom of the Early Modern Scholar: Essays in Honor of Mordechai Feingold
5636:
4448:
3934:
3914:
3831:(from the stem Német-, lit. "Német land"). The popular Romanian name for German is
3632:
3618:
3610:
3509:
3437:
3341:
In English, the word "German" is first attested in 1520, replacing earlier uses of
3251:
3209:
3191:
3130:
3036:
2835:
2794:
2778:
2529:
2412:
2273:
2239:
2210:
2140:
2053:
2010:
1956:
1922:
1903:
1876:
1784:
1775:
1642:
1614:
1537:
1518:
1481:
1463:
1388:
1218:
1202:
1182:
1152:
1051:
1015:
885:
745:
738:
694:
268:
263:
258:
7773:
6090:
5783:
5618:
a mute, e.g. who doesn't speak Slavonic' or unlikely from the name of the ancient
2939:
became ambiguous, as in the West Francian territory some Franks spoke Latin, some
2098:
35:
8260:
8042:
8022:
7712:
7662:
7622:
7575:
7570:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7520:
7505:
7500:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7256:
6682:
6351:
6318:
5112:
4931:
4535:
4178:
3922:
3844:
3432:
3362:
3247:
3200:
2978:
2922:
2827:
2774:
2760:
2733:
2678:
2636:
2616:
2473:
2264:
2230:
2071:
1844:
1766:
1757:
1688:
1624:
1596:
1578:
1527:
1340:
933:
867:
791:
721:
678:
667:
653:
648:
in different languages, more so than for any other European nation. For example:
438:
7814:
6397:
5922:
939:
845:
833:
8037:
8032:
8007:
7798:
7740:
7707:
7697:
7677:
7667:
7652:
7647:
7627:
7597:
7565:
7550:
7525:
7421:
7299:
7286:
6949:
6707:
5515:
5455:
5064:
4410:
4056:
3640:
3407:
3319:
2990:
2970:
2906:
2742:
2549:
2447:
2174:
2019:
2001:
1987:
1971:
1885:
1860:
1660:
1437:
1408:
1331:
1298:
1266:
1060:
1002:
876:
604:
590:
331:
5910:
8437:
7692:
7617:
7587:
6662:
6075:. Journal of Indo-European Studies. 3 December 1974 – via Google Books.
5911:"Planks from a Shipwreck: Belief and Evidence in Sixteenth-Century Histories"
5116:
The Federal Republic in blue, GDR in red and West Berlin in yellow, 1949–1990
3853:
3808:(немецкий) comes from the same Slavic root while the name for the country is
3786:
3473:
3377:, "siblings with the same parents or father", which has cognates in Catalan,
3153:
2902:
2089:
1697:
1674:
1454:
1307:
418:
5598:
While the Sardinian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5530:
While the Bulgarian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
4781:
objected to this. It was realised only in 1938 when Germany annexed Austria
2720:
7047:
6722:
6717:
6687:
6586:
6540:
5893:
5124:, established in 1949, saw itself as the same state founded in 1867/71 but
4315:
3994:
3705:
3671:
3660:
3513:
3497:
3353:
3213:
3031:, a tribe with a name which probably came from the same root, did, through
2940:
2694:
2562:
2035:
1398:
527:
523:
458:
448:
409:
296:
83:
6407:
Why are there so many names for Germany, AKA Deutschland, Allemagne, etc.?
5581:
While the Russian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5547:
While the Italian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5357:, although considered a de facto federal state, had the legal status of a
4821:
4692:
who holds office in a state such as Rhineland-Palatinate or Lower Saxony.
4348:, creating a link to the later nation state of 1871. Besides the official
3128:, of the 3rd century BC, a word simply describing fertile land behind the
3105:
2080:
124:
8336:
8312:
8302:
7057:
6771:
6606:
6555:
6325:
Modern Germany: An Encyclopedia of History, People, and Culture 1871–1990
5354:
5350:
5346:
4955:
4491:
4326:
4285:
3978:
3426:
3406:
and the other similar-sounding names above are derived from the southern
3307:
3255:
2914:
2590:
2111:
1358:
924:
775:
774:
context for the forms and their worldwide usage as well as names used in
311:
6392:
5221:
In 1949, the communists, protected by the Soviet Union, established the
4297:
variation as well, with some modifications; others use unrelated signs.
3397:
8374:
7266:
6887:
6111:
C. Iulius Caesar, "Commentariorum Libri VII De Bello Gallico", VI, 25.
4464:
4373:
3884:
3311:
3259:
3067:
2927:
2715:
2330:
980:
381:
5909:
Popper, Nicholas S. (2023), Roos, Anna Marie; Manning, Gideon (eds.),
4149:
4124:
4097:
1857:), not used anymore or used very rarely, now using Russian "Германия".
6877:
6525:
5953:
4808:
4784:
4479:
4118:
3675:
3656:
3623:
3493:
3469:; he gives your Hollander a vomit, ere the next pottle can be filled.
2847:
2843:
2755:), which originally meant "of the people". This in turn comes from a
2629:
2569:
1227:
771:
767:
6185:(in German). Hamburg, Germany: University of Hamburg. Archived from
6165:
5748:
5274:
4995:
4831:
4574:
3119:
and the other similar-sounding names above are all derived from the
670:
6411:
5056:
4518:
in 1806. Some of the German countries were then collected into the
4507:
4475:
4369:
4130:
3410:
3343:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3124:
3094:
3075:
3013:
2998:
lant hevet sinen palenzgreven: sassen, beieren, vranken unde svaven
2851:
2481:
1717:
1125:
688:
5100:). In many contexts, the German people still called their country
4635:
The first nation state named "Germany" began in 1871; before that
7156:
6576:
6520:
6442:
5619:
5599:
5582:
5548:
5531:
5364:
The official name of the country is Federal Republic of Germany (
5233:. Rulers and inhabitants of GDR called their state simply DDR or
4433:
4386:(which include modern languages like German, English and Dutch).
3970:
3966:
3872:
3849:
3790:
3782:
3446:
3267:
3229:
3187:
3100:
3059:
3044:
3028:
3017:
2962:, to mean "belonging to the people", i.e. the people's language.
2737:
2598:
2533:
2507:
2485:
2322:
1101:
645:
476:
278:
5883:
4797:. However, these expressions became neither common nor popular.
3492:
Through this name, the English language has also been given the
3334:), describing the Germanic tribesmen as noisy. He describes the
2732:
and the other similar-sounding names above are derived from the
6087:"(in Polish) Etymology of the Polish-language word for Germany"
5632:
5085:
was the preferred spelling to de-emphasize the relationship to
4739:(Austria since 1918, Switzerland) are used too. An organ named
4495:
4487:
4441:
4023:
4013:
3954:
3694:
3679:
3652:
3648:
3583:
3418:
3271:
3233:
3221:
3171:
3082:), The term is obsolete and derives from theodisc (see above).
3071:
2956:
2918:
2587:), describing Germanic tribes which invaded continental Europe.
2584:
2521:
2467:
2351:
971:
823:
755:
5214:
International vehicle registration oval including the letters
4789:. National Socialist propaganda proclaimed the realisation of
4329:, the territory of modern Germany was within the realm of the
4266:) is attested for the early 20th century. It is now uncommon.
6536:
Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic peoples
6515:
6268:
Note: Deutschlandlied has been the national anthem since 1922
4930:. The official name of the state remained the same. The term
4773:
In 1919, the Weimar Constitution postulated the inclusion of
4756:
In the 19th century before 1871, Germans, for example in the
4564:
3603:
3595:
3414:
3243:
3135:
3120:
3032:
1121:
949:
704:
57:
7462:
5814:
Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verl, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2007, p. 123,
2993:, a legal code, written in Middle Low German in about 1220:
5264:
5261:(the GDR government was in the Pankow district of Berlin).
3599:
3591:
3552:
3454:
3310:, who was a philologist as well as collector and editor of
3161:
3001:
2489:
6061:(in Russian). Vol. III. Moscow: Progress. p. 62.
4800:
In National Socialist propaganda, Austria was also called
4748:
4654:, the council of the representatives of the German states
4322:
have further made it difficult to use proper terminology.
4203:. Until the 1980s, South Korean primary textbooks adopted
3953:
associated this with a reference to a Swedish tribe named
3283:
records theories about the Celtic roots of the Latin word
3138:
who first called the people who crossed east of the Rhine
2969:
The German princes choose their king (illustration in the
789:
6332:
Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
5835:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, N.Y. 1972, p. 96,
5701:"Amtliche Übersetzungen für "Bundesrepublik Deutschland""
5353:; technically this was the sixth new federal state since
5202:(many GDR politicians lived or worked in Berlin-Pankow).
4962:(Thousand years Reich). Later, Hitler renounced the term
4129:), but has been largely superseded by the aforementioned
3793:. This etymology is dubious for phonological reasons, as
2931:. Until the 8th century the Franks called their language
2581:
8212:
Countries by the number of recognized official languages
7880:
Countries by the number of recognized official languages
6292:
Der lange Weg nach Westen. Deutsche Geschichte 1933–1990
6279:
Der lange Weg nach Westen. Deutsche Geschichte 1806–1933
5068:
Stamp in occupied Germany, 1946: the neutral expression
4911:
Those Germans living within its boundaries were called
4822:
German Empire and Weimar Republic of Germany, 1871–1945
4378:
Roman authors mentioned a number of tribes they called
3582:
are derived from the name of the Germanic tribe of the
3058:
In the northern French language area (northern France,
2913:
today. This was the Germanic dialect used in the early
6034:
Indian Names and History of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal
4793:
and, in 1943, the German Reich was officially renamed
4314:
is older, it is only since 1871 that there has been a
1715:
6373:
A Mighty Fortress: A New History of the German People
5104:, even after two German states were created in 1949.
4892:
The official name of the German state in 1871 became
3563:
is the most common of the terms to describe Germany.
5732:; digitized by archive.org; (older use?); accessed .
5445:
4668:(an eternal confederation) which will have the name
4486:(the Roman Empire restored by the Christian king of
3949:
contain the root vāca or vākiā. Lithuanian linguist
3012:
argued the Germans were descendants of the biblical
2659:("Among the Speakers of a Foreign/Strange Language")
4539:, giving voice to the dreams of a unified Germany (
3781:may derive from the Rhine-based, Germanic tribe of
3715:, 'the mutes, not able (to speak)' (from adjective
3547:, Ojibwe for "foreign speaker" analogous to Slavic
3160:in writing when describing tribes in north-eastern
2724:
Official German-language plaque of a German embassy
2609:used by Germans during the colonial times, or from
2033:
1089:; Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese abbreviation)
6135:
4318:of Germany. Later political disagreements and the
4102:meaning 'German'. It was earlier written with the
3314:). Yet another theory is that the word comes from
3295:, a German historian and Celtic philologist) – in
2685:from R.F.N. = F.R.G. (Federal Republic of Germany)
7844:
6183:Digitales Wörterbuch des Deutches Gebärdensprache
5730:"Dictionary of the dialect of the German Gypsies"
4337:, with the addition from the late Middle Ages of
1495:
8435:
5971:. University of California Press. pp. 4–5.
4777:(the German-speaking parts of Austria), but the
4428:) meaning "people", "nation", "folk". The word *
4363:
3747:
3306:, battle-cry (put forward by Johann Wachter and
3074:and for the traditional German speaking part of
2128:
1428:
1421:
1079:
6246:. European Sign Language Center. Archived from
6058:Etymological dictionary of the Russian language
5742:
5740:
5738:
4812:, the previous territory of Germany was called
4766:, while a German state without Austria was the
4032:), which approximates the German pronunciation
3757:
3457:describes the drinking prowess of the English:
3004:: Saxony, Bavaria, Franken and Swabia). In the
2506:(in older or dialectal use) – from the name of
2306:
2153:
1506:
5107:
4731:In other German speaking countries, the words
4289:. It is one of the two signs for 'Germany' in
4213:) which approximates the German pronunciation
4164:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4122:
4112:
4106:
4083:
3590:, is believed (a) to be derived from the word
3216:. Unlike Caesar, Tacitus claims that the name
3208:), an ethnographic work on the diverse set of
2109:
1286:
1254:
1170:
910:
737:, referring to strangers, incomprehensible to
8364:Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa
7830:
7448:
6427:
6065:
5831:John Joseph Gumperz and Dell Hathaway Hymes,
5602:is "tedescu", belonging to the first category
5205:
4074:
4043:
4022:) is a combination of the short form of 德意志 (
2701:
2277:
2243:
1926:
1566:
1206:
1105:
859:
843:
831:
815:
749:
713:
698:
625:
8391:International Organization of Turkic Culture
5735:
5076:, but still the old currency RM (Reichsmark)
4985:
4261:
4251:
4231:
4208:
4186:
4095:
3928:
2640:
2621:
2492:, thought to be the ancestor of the Germans.
2214:
1848:
1727:
953:
937:
725:
682:
661:
493:
379:
8464:Lists of country names in various languages
6546:Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16)
6005:. New York: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 11.
5631:Possibly from the name of the Scandinavian
5303:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5024:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4860:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4603:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3647:. "Saxon" also led to the "-sex" ending in
2830:root, although not the name for "Germany" (
2627:("Metal Cap-wearer Land"), in reference to
2320:
1991:
1975:
1864:
1270:
948:; Korean pronunciation of Japanese name in
707:
60:
8358:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
7973:Countries and capitals in native languages
7837:
7823:
7455:
7441:
6434:
6420:
6382:(2 vols., 1961), stress on cultural topics
6079:
5685:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3024:, which with time derived into Tuiscones.
1701:
1119:
632:
618:
6050:
6048:
6026:
6024:
6022:
6003:Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary
5969:The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples
5323:Learn how and when to remove this message
5044:Learn how and when to remove this message
4880:Learn how and when to remove this message
4623:Learn how and when to remove this message
4350:Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation
3985:), may also be related). So the word for
3066:, most likely still for the area between
7463:Names of European states and territories
6216:. Sacramento, California. Archived from
5889:Diccionario de la Real Academia Española
5521:, meaning "of the people", "of the folk"
5265:Federal Republic of Germany 1990–present
5209:
5111:
5063:
5055:
4236:) approximates the German pronunciation
4145:is still used in compounds, for example
3804:In Russian, the adjective for "German",
3523:, three terms for "Germany" exist: ᐋᓂᒫ (
3431:
3104:
3020:. They shall have called themselves the
2964:
2719:
712:, although the German people are called
39:European languages – name derived from:
34:
6037:. Detroit: Detroit Free Press. p.
5966:
5661:
4300:
3899:, took its origin from the Latin names
644:There are many widely varying names of
14:
8436:
6308:Germany: A Companion to German Studies
6123:P. CORNELIVS TACITVS ANNALES, 12, 27.
6073:"The Journal of Indo-European Studies"
6054:
6045:
6030:
6019:
6000:
5908:
5871:"Itwêwina: The online Cree dictionary"
3957:in a 6th-century chronicle (cf. finn.
3388:
3085:
2842:is the normal name for Germany but in
2605:– thought to derive from the greeting
8090:
7861:
7818:
7436:
6415:
5904:
5902:
5746:
4237:
4214:
4162:', or as an abbreviation, such as in
4068:
4033:
4000:
3453:uses both "German" and "Almain" when
3369:". The English noun "german" (as in "
2706:
2688:Polish (pre-Second World War slang):
781:
6441:
5877:
5693:
5662:Glushak, Vasiliy (29 October 2022),
5657:
5655:
5424:Germany (Deutsches Reich), 1919–1937
5412:Germany (Deutsches Reich), 1871–1918
5301:adding citations to reliable sources
5268:
5022:adding citations to reliable sources
4989:
4858:adding citations to reliable sources
4825:
4601:adding citations to reliable sources
4568:
4554:
4455:, Germany and Germans were known as
3887:, the reason behind calling Austria
3835:, used alongside the official term,
3770:but with the addition of the suffix
3742:meaning 'German (land)' (f.i. Czech
3685:
3594:, meaning a variety of single-edged
3586:. The word "Saxon", Proto-Germanic *
70: the name of the Alamanni tribe
5625:
5605:
4978:being a colloquial abbreviation of
4498:), not on the level of the Empire.
3566:
2560:resembling German pronunciation of
2215:
1927:
1728:
1702:
1106:
24:
7978:Country names in various languages
6300:
6207:
5899:
5592:
5589:), belonging to the fifth category
5575:
5564:The common demonym in Romanian is
5558:
5541:
5538:), belonging to the fifth category
5524:
5505:
5245:(SBZ, Soviet Zone of Occupation),
5186:(SBZ, Soviet Zone of Occupation),
4094:) is an approximation of the word
4079:that appears in the Chinese name.
3417:tribe or confederation in today's
3302:is "neighbour". Another theory is
2480: (Ashkenaz), from biblical
25:
8475:
6386:
6214:American Sign Language University
5833:The ethnography of communication.
5652:
5639:word meaning "speak" or "war cry"
5555:, belonging to the first category
5120:The Federal Republic of Germany,
4269:
3839:, which was borrowed from Latin.
3449:ii,3, (about 1603), for example,
2909:long ago and has hardly left any
2681:(slang of the communist period):
2385:
2027:(with preceding definite article)
76: the name of the Saxon tribe
6391:
6145:, vol. 1, Trübner & Co.
5493:Territorial evolution of Germany
5488:List of country name etymologies
5462:
5448:
5429:
5417:
5405:
5393:
5381:
5273:
4994:
4900:before 1806 and the rudimentary
4830:
4573:
4440:, whence the Celtic tribal name
4320:partition of Germany (1945–1990)
4104:Sino-Japanese character compound
4012:The common Chinese name 德国 (德國,
3512:) is a group of dialects of the
3170:: he records that four northern
2759:word meaning "folk" (leading to
598:
584:
123:
8274:List of Indo-European languages
8070:Languages of the European Union
6638:German revolutions of 1848–1849
6607:Ostsiedlung (East Colonisation)
6366:Germany in Western Civilization
6284:
6271:
6262:
6232:
6201:
6171:
6159:
6150:
6129:
6117:
6105:
5994:
5985:
5960:
5945:
5863:
5846:
5825:
5801:
5776:
5400:German Confederation, 1815–1866
5223:Deutsche Demokratische Republik
4945:
4896:, linking itself to the former
4709:(federal/national level) and a
4360:(Roman-German Imperial Realm).
4226:The official North Korean name
3864:, described as the land of the
3204:(the Latin title was actually:
2951:evolved from the Germanic word
2810:Also the Italian for "German",
2655:("Among the Steel Helmets") or
392:German revolutions of 1848–1849
6623:Early modern period, 1500–1800
6511:List of early Germanic peoples
5722:
5478:Various terms used for Germans
5163:Germany as a whole was called
4283:one, emulating the shape of a
4174:, German-Japanese relations).
4028:
4018:
3134:(frontier). It was likely the
2854:it is commonly referred to as
2441:
2337:(mostly in derogatory meaning)
2244:
1992:
1976:
1086:
860:
844:
832:
816:
13:
1:
8383:Organization of Turkic States
8091:
7862:
6746:History of Germany since 1990
6396:The dictionary definition of
5751:– via www.academia.edu.
5646:
4474:derived from the name of the
4364:Pre-modern Germany (pre-1800)
4358:Römisch-Deutsches Kaiserreich
4274:The sign name for Germany in
4062:Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation
3993:("speak"), from which derive
3777:According to another theory,
3476:also mentions Germany in his
3206:De Origine et situ Germanorum
3190:, were collectively known as
8233:By number of native speakers
6359:A Concise History of Germany
5892:. The first sense refers to
4915:, those outside were called
4501:
3820:(немски) and the country is
3167:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
2955:(the people) with the Latin
2897:The Germanic language which
2834:). Also in the standardised
2814:(local or archaic variants:
864:, and "guó" means "country")
7:
8245:By number of total speakers
6001:Rhodes, Richard A. (1993).
5923:10.1007/978-3-031-09722-5_7
5441:
5388:The Holy Roman Empire, 1789
5349:joined through merger with
5343:Federal Republic of Germany
5108:Federal Republic of Germany
4715:German Football Association
4644:(reign, realm, empire) and
3000:(Every German land has its
2741:, or similar variants from
1429:
10:
8480:
8279:List of Mongolic languages
6653:North German Confederation
6633:Confederation of the Rhine
6031:Kelton, Dwight H. (1889).
5991:Tacitus: "Germania" par 28
5483:German placename etymology
5366:Bundesrepublik Deutschland
5338:German Democratic Republic
5243:Sowjetische Besatzungszone
5227:German Democratic Republic
5206:German Democratic Republic
5184:Sowjetische Besatzungszone
5122:Bundesrepublik Deutschland
5087:Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR
4908:was more frequently used.
4735:(Austria before 1918) and
4662:North German Confederation
4558:
4549:North German Confederation
4520:Confederation of the Rhine
4384:Germanic language speakers
4367:
3659:, etc., and of course to "
3395:
3098:
3092:
2901:most likely comes from is
2713:
2702:Discussion of name origins
2223:), meaning all Austrian –
397:North German Confederation
367:Confederation of the Rhine
28:
8402:
8299:
8258:
8225:
8192:
8101:
8097:
8086:
7963:
7872:
7868:
7857:
7764:
7726:
7468:
7387:
7247:
7127:
7118:
7001:
6992:
6873:
6864:
6800:
6791:
6754:
6733:
6615:
6569:
6493:
6462:
6453:
6290:Heinrich August Winkler:
6277:Heinrich August Winkler:
4986:Germany divided 1945–1990
4531:Hoffmann von Fallersleben
4352:, common expressions are
4262:
4252:
4232:
4209:
4187:
4165:
4147:
4141:
4139:. However, the character
4135:
4123:
4113:
4107:
4084:
4075:
4044:
3929:Names from Baltic regions
3842:According to the Chinese
3812:(Германия). Likewise, in
3758:
3748:
3478:Introduction to Knowledge
3330:, to shout (as Old Irish
3291:, neighbour (a theory of
3220:was first applied to the
2781:. These words come from *
2633:-wearing German soldiers.
2477:
2307:
2154:
2129:
1865:
1849:
1567:
1507:
1422:
1311:
1287:
1271:
1255:
1207:
1171:
954:
938:
911:
8289:List of Uralic languages
8284:List of Turkic languages
8205:by country and territory
6805:Administrative divisions
6354:; by Donald S. Detwiler;
6350:31 December 2011 at the
6339:Germany: A Short History
5967:Wolfram, Herwig (1997).
5498:
5359:military occupation zone
4936:Kaiserliches Deutschland
4397:Germans call themselves
4335:Heiliges Römisches Reich
3862:of the Holy Roman Empire
3797:could not become Slavic
3008:, the German reformator
8345:Three Linguistic Spaces
8329:Commonwealth of Nations
6364:Maehl, William Harvey.
6344:Germany A Short History
6317:11 October 2008 at the
5957:in the French wikipedia
5568:, but the popular term
4940:(Deutsches) Kaiserreich
4768:Smaller German Solution
4763:Greater German Solution
3110:Gaius Cornelius Tacitus
2826:), comes from the same
2641:
2623:Béésh Bich'ahii Bikéyah
2162:) (obsolete colloquial)
754:, from the name of the
687:, from the name of the
671:
8444:Country name etymology
7511:Bosnia and Herzegovina
7066:Science and technology
6767:History of Brandenburg
6658:Unification of Germany
6648:Frankfurt Constitution
6341:(3rd ed. 1999) 341pp;
5764:Cite journal requires
5218:
5165:Deutschland als Ganzes
5117:
5077:
5061:
4938:(Imperial Germany) or
4660:. When in 1870–71 the
4561:Unification of Germany
4541:Deutschland über Alles
4536:Das Lied der Deutschen
4291:American Sign Language
4096:
3490:
3471:
3441:
3357:. In German, the word
3338:theory as "obsolete".
3112:
2974:
2894:share this etymology.
2725:
2622:
2540:(a derogative form of
2278:
2048:
1496:
1080:
750:
726:
714:
708:
699:
683:
662:
494:
380:
249:Linear Pottery culture
96:
61:
8250:Languages in censuses
7873:By official languages
6703:Flight and expulsions
6306:Bithell, Jethro, ed.
5809:Ausgewanderte Wörter.
5470:European Union portal
5213:
5115:
5067:
5059:
4960:Tausendjähriges Reich
4718:Deutscher Fußballbund
4390:(for the people) and
4368:Further information:
3521:Anishinaabe languages
3482:
3459:
3435:
3396:Further information:
3385:, meaning "brother".
3232:corresponding to the
3228:is thought to be the
3156:was the first to use
3108:
3099:Further information:
2968:
2723:
2714:Further information:
2653:pîwâpiskwastotininâhk
2645:("Bad Speaker Land").
2532:from the area around
2034:From the name of the
1716:From the name of the
175:Territorial evolution
38:
8454:Geography of Germany
8321:Dutch Language Union
7965:Endonyms and exonyms
7375:World Heritage Sites
7053:German states by GDP
6643:German Confederation
6337:Detwiler, Donald S.
6330:Clark, Christopher.
6323:Buse, Dieter K. ed.
6294:, Bonn 2004, p. 6/7.
6281:, Bonn 2002, p. 209.
6055:Vasmer, Max (1986).
5297:improve this section
5018:improve this section
4854:improve this section
4758:Frankfurt Parliament
4749:Greater Germany and
4597:improve this section
4524:German Confederation
4506:The French emperor,
4356:(the old Reich) and
4301:Etymological history
4276:German Sign Language
4239:[ˈdɔʏtʃlant]
4216:[ˈdɔʏtʃlant]
4195:as in Japanese, but
4054:The Vietnamese name
3981:, in older sources (
3871:The Arabic name for
3668:Transylvanian Saxons
3398:Alemanni § Name
3318:, "spear"; however,
3047:), its abbreviation
511:Expulsion of Germans
477:Contemporary Germany
375:German Confederation
94: Unclear origin
8340:(Romance languages)
8217:Number of languages
7727:States with limited
7011:Automobile industry
6597:Carolingian dynasty
6531:History of the Huns
6380:Germany: 2000 Years
6378:Reinhardt, Kurt F.
6208:Vicars, William G.
5708:auswaertiges-amt.de
5132:. For example, the
5089:(the GDR capital).
5074:Deutsche Reichspost
4795:Großdeutsches Reich
4751:Großdeutsches Reich
4688:, in contrast to a
4453:Early Modern period
4436:with Proto-Celtic *
4417:) derived from Old
4073:) of the character
3627:, the Breton terms
3539:, from the English
3484:The people of High
3174:tribes, namely the
2905:, a language which
2866:respectively, with
2789:word for "people" (
2787:Proto-Indo-European
325:Early Modern period
312:Eastward settlement
8459:Culture of Germany
8449:History of Germany
8415:Category:Languages
8410:Lists of languages
8394:(Turkic languages)
8386:(Turkic languages)
8200:Official languages
7081:Telecommunications
6762:History of Prussia
6678:Revolution of 1918
6673:War guilt question
6592:Carolingian Empire
6561:Sack of Rome (410)
6470:History of Germany
6220:on 1 December 2022
6137:Emil Bretschneider
5436:Nazi Germany, 1944
5219:
5118:
5078:
5062:
4775:Deutsch-Österreich
4516:Holy Roman Emperor
4512:Emperor of Austria
4082:Japanese language
4001:Names in East Asia
3917:word for Austria,
3858:invasion of Poland
3719:'mute' and suffix
3551:"Mutes" and Arab (
3531:, from the French
3442:
3113:
3010:Philip Melanchthon
3006:Carion's Chronicle
2975:
2768:Middle High German
2726:
1324:: जर्मनी / جرمنی (
782:List of area names
605:History portal
591:Germany portal
342:Kingdom of Prussia
302:Kingdom of Germany
274:Barbarian kingdoms
97:
31:History of Germany
8431:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8269:Language families
8082:
8081:
8078:
8077:
7812:
7811:
7430:
7429:
7383:
7382:
7114:
7113:
7028:Chemical Triangle
6988:
6987:
6975:Political parties
6923:Foreign relations
6860:
6859:
6787:
6786:
6698:Allied occupation
6602:Holy Roman Empire
5932:978-3-031-09722-5
5820:978-3-19-107891-1
5622:tribe. See below.
5514:or similar, from
5333:
5332:
5325:
5255:Mitteldeutschland
5196:Mitteldeutschland
5169:Gesamtdeutschland
5054:
5053:
5046:
4980:Nationalsozialist
4928:Deutsche Republik
4890:
4889:
4882:
4666:einen ewigen Bund
4633:
4632:
4625:
4555:German Federation
4484:Holy Roman Empire
4424:(Proto-Germanic *
4409:is an adjective (
4331:Holy Roman Empire
4160:German literature
3856:took part in the
3816:the adjective is
3756:), and Ukrainian
3740:němьcьska (zemja)
3500:and probably the
3445:acting Dutch. In
3423:Baden-Württemberg
2779:Romance languages
2321:From the name of
2225:Holy Roman Empire
2028:
1011:regnum Teutonicum
748:call the country
642:
641:
573:
572:
467:
466:
307:Holy Roman Empire
184:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
8471:
8395:
8387:
8379:
8369:
8354:
8341:
8333:
8325:
8317:
8099:
8098:
8088:
8087:
7870:
7869:
7859:
7858:
7839:
7832:
7825:
7816:
7815:
7765:Dependencies and
7469:Sovereign states
7457:
7450:
7443:
7434:
7433:
7410:
7403:
7396:
7360:Prussian virtues
7125:
7124:
7033:Economic history
6999:
6998:
6893:
6871:
6870:
6822:Cities and towns
6798:
6797:
6778:Baden Revolution
6582:Treaty of Verdun
6551:Marcomannic Wars
6506:Migration Period
6501:Germanic peoples
6485:Military history
6460:
6459:
6436:
6429:
6422:
6413:
6412:
6395:
6371:Ozment, Steven.
6357:Fulbrook, Mary.
6295:
6288:
6282:
6275:
6269:
6266:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6255:
6236:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6175:
6169:
6163:
6157:
6154:
6148:
6146:
6133:
6127:
6121:
6115:
6109:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6098:
6089:. Archived from
6083:
6077:
6076:
6069:
6063:
6062:
6052:
6043:
6042:
6028:
6017:
6016:
5998:
5992:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5964:
5958:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5906:
5897:
5881:
5875:
5874:
5867:
5861:
5850:
5844:
5829:
5823:
5805:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5794:
5780:
5774:
5773:
5767:
5762:
5760:
5752:
5747:Kamusella, Tom.
5744:
5733:
5726:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5705:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5684:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5659:
5640:
5629:
5623:
5609:
5603:
5596:
5590:
5579:
5573:
5572:can be heard too
5562:
5556:
5545:
5539:
5528:
5522:
5509:
5472:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5433:
5421:
5409:
5397:
5385:
5328:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5308:
5277:
5269:
5152:(citizen of the
5049:
5042:
5038:
5035:
5029:
4998:
4990:
4921:Auslandsdeutsche
4885:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4865:
4834:
4826:
4628:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4608:
4577:
4569:
4514:to step down as
4463:in English, via
4339:Deutscher Nation
4265:
4264:
4255:
4254:
4246:. Traditionally
4241:
4235:
4234:
4218:
4212:
4211:
4190:
4189:
4172:Dokunichi kankei
4169:
4168:
4167:
4153:
4152:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4137:
4128:
4127:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4109:
4101:
4089:
4088:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4047:
4046:
4037:
4035:[ˈdɔʏtʃ]
4030:
4020:
3766:) are also from
3761:
3760:
3751:
3750:
3674:mainly from the
3619:Celtic languages
3510:Alemannic German
3438:Alemannic German
3436:The areas where
3361:today refers to
3224:tribe. The name
3080:Lorraine Thioise
3037:Teutonic Knights
2917:, spoken by the
2911:written evidence
2868:tiara/teara/tera
2644:
2642:Iyášiča Makȟóčhe
2626:
2625:
2528:used for German
2488:and grandson of
2479:
2310:
2309:
2281:
2247:
2246:
2218:
2217:
2157:
2156:
2132:
2131:
2026:
1995:
1994:
1979:
1978:
1930:
1929:
1868:
1867:
1852:
1851:
1812:Franco-Provençal
1731:
1730:
1705:
1704:
1570:
1569:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1432:
1425:
1424:
1313:
1290:
1289:
1274:
1273:
1258:
1257:
1210:
1209:
1174:
1173:
1109:
1108:
1088:
1083:
959:
958:
943:
942:
916:
915:
863:
862:
849:
848:
837:
836:
821:
820:
753:
729:
717:
711:
702:
686:
674:
665:
634:
627:
620:
607:
603:
602:
601:
593:
589:
588:
587:
499:
482:
481:
415:
414:
385:
269:Migration Period
264:Germanic peoples
259:Urnfield culture
127:
117:
99:
98:
93:
81:
75:
69:
64:
55:
43:
21:
8479:
8478:
8474:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8469:
8468:
8434:
8433:
8432:
8419:
8398:
8393:
8385:
8377:
8367:
8352:
8339:
8331:
8323:
8315:
8305:
8301:
8295:
8261:language family
8254:
8221:
8188:
8103:
8093:
8074:
7959:
7895:Dutch/Afrikaans
7864:
7853:
7843:
7813:
7808:
7766:
7760:
7746:Northern Cyprus
7728:
7722:
7643:North Macedonia
7464:
7461:
7431:
7426:
7413:
7406:
7399:
7392:
7379:
7243:
7194:Life expectancy
7110:
6984:
6955:Law enforcement
6891:
6856:
6783:
6750:
6729:
6713:Divided Germany
6683:Weimar Republic
6611:
6577:Frankish Empire
6565:
6489:
6455:
6449:
6440:
6389:
6352:Wayback Machine
6319:Wayback Machine
6303:
6301:Further reading
6298:
6289:
6285:
6276:
6272:
6267:
6263:
6253:
6251:
6250:on 22 June 2022
6244:Spread the Sign
6238:
6237:
6233:
6223:
6221:
6206:
6202:
6192:
6190:
6177:
6176:
6172:
6164:
6160:
6155:
6151:
6134:
6130:
6122:
6118:
6110:
6106:
6096:
6094:
6093:on 2 April 2008
6085:
6084:
6080:
6071:
6070:
6066:
6053:
6046:
6029:
6020:
6013:
5999:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5979:
5965:
5961:
5950:
5946:
5937:
5935:
5933:
5907:
5900:
5882:
5878:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5851:
5847:
5830:
5826:
5807:Jutta Limbach,
5806:
5802:
5792:
5790:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5765:
5763:
5754:
5753:
5745:
5736:
5727:
5723:
5713:
5711:
5703:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5678:
5677:
5671:
5669:
5668:, Rochester, NY
5660:
5653:
5649:
5644:
5643:
5630:
5626:
5610:
5606:
5597:
5593:
5585:is "немецкий" (
5580:
5576:
5563:
5559:
5546:
5542:
5529:
5525:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5468:
5463:
5461:
5454:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5437:
5434:
5425:
5422:
5413:
5410:
5401:
5398:
5389:
5386:
5370:Westdeutschland
5329:
5318:
5312:
5309:
5294:
5278:
5267:
5239:Westdeutschland
5235:unsere Republik
5208:
5110:
5098:Reichsparteitag
5094:Deutsches Reich
5050:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5015:
4999:
4988:
4948:
4932:Weimar Republic
4894:Deutsches Reich
4886:
4875:
4869:
4866:
4851:
4835:
4824:
4791:Großdeutschland
4754:
4670:Deutsches Reich
4629:
4618:
4612:
4609:
4594:
4578:
4567:
4559:Main articles:
4557:
4533:wrote the song
4504:
4376:
4366:
4346:Deutsches Reich
4303:
4272:
4163:
4117:has since been
4042:'German', plus
4003:
3951:Kazimieras Būga
3931:
3923:Austrian Empire
3911:Ottoman Turkish
3845:History of Yuan
3691:
3572:
3496:(a dance), the
3400:
3394:
3381:, and Spanish,
3363:Germanic tribes
3248:Germanic tribes
3210:Germanic tribes
3103:
3097:
3091:
3041:Teutonisch Land
2979:Eastern Francia
2923:Western Francia
2874:. French words
2828:Old High German
2761:Old High German
2734:Old High German
2718:
2712:
2704:
2620:
2548:) referring to
2474:Medieval Hebrew
2444:
2439:
2388:
2383:
2326:
2318:
2211:Ottoman Turkish
2118:
2107:
2040:
2031:
1722:
1713:
1597:Scottish Gaelic
1130:
1117:
1065:இடாய்ச்சுலாந்து
799:
792:Old High German
784:
668:Old High German
638:
599:
597:
596:
585:
583:
582:
575:
574:
556:
535:
502:
479:
469:
468:
439:Weimar Republic
412:
402:
401:
388:
357:
347:
346:
327:
317:
316:
292:
284:
283:
279:Frankish Empire
254:Únětice culture
244:
236:
235:
180:Historic states
135:
115:
108:
95:
91:
89:
79:
77:
73:
71:
67:
65:
53:
51:
41:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8477:
8467:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8429:
8428:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8420:
8418:
8417:
8412:
8406:
8404:
8400:
8399:
8397:
8396:
8388:
8380:
8372:
8371:
8370:
8355:
8347:
8342:
8334:
8326:
8318:
8309:
8307:
8300:Language-based
8297:
8296:
8294:
8293:
8292:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8265:
8263:
8256:
8255:
8253:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8241:
8240:
8229:
8227:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8208:
8207:
8196:
8194:
8190:
8189:
8187:
8186:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8164:
8159:
8158:
8157:
8155:Southeast Asia
8152:
8147:
8137:
8136:
8135:
8130:
8129:
8128:
8113:
8107:
8105:
8095:
8094:
8084:
8083:
8080:
8079:
8076:
8075:
8073:
8072:
8067:
8066:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7975:
7969:
7967:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7876:
7874:
7866:
7865:
7855:
7854:
7842:
7841:
7834:
7827:
7819:
7810:
7809:
7807:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7770:
7768:
7767:other entities
7762:
7761:
7759:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7732:
7730:
7724:
7723:
7721:
7720:
7718:United Kingdom
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7531:Czech Republic
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7465:
7460:
7459:
7452:
7445:
7437:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7424:
7419:
7412:
7411:
7404:
7397:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7381:
7380:
7378:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7291:Cultural icons
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7253:
7251:
7245:
7244:
7242:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7171:
7170:
7169:
7164:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7128:
7122:
7116:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7071:Stock exchange
7068:
7063:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7013:
7008:
7002:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6983:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6946:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6885:
6880:
6874:
6868:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6855:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6818:
6817:
6812:
6801:
6795:
6789:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6782:
6781:
6775:
6769:
6764:
6758:
6756:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6748:
6743:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6730:
6728:
6727:
6726:
6725:
6720:
6710:
6708:Denazification
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6612:
6610:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6571:
6567:
6566:
6564:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6497:
6495:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6482:
6480:Historiography
6477:
6472:
6466:
6464:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6439:
6438:
6431:
6424:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6402:at Wiktionary
6388:
6387:External links
6385:
6384:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6362:
6355:
6335:
6328:
6321:
6312:online edition
6302:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6283:
6270:
6261:
6240:"🇺🇸 Germany"
6231:
6200:
6189:on 6 June 2023
6170:
6158:
6149:
6128:
6116:
6104:
6078:
6064:
6044:
6018:
6011:
5993:
5984:
5977:
5959:
5944:
5931:
5898:
5876:
5862:
5845:
5824:
5800:
5775:
5766:|journal=
5734:
5721:
5692:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5624:
5614:'a foreigner,
5604:
5591:
5574:
5557:
5540:
5523:
5516:Proto-Germanic
5503:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5459:
5456:Germany portal
5443:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5435:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5380:
5374:Ostdeutschland
5331:
5330:
5281:
5279:
5272:
5266:
5263:
5207:
5204:
5177:pan germanique
5128:gave place to
5109:
5106:
5052:
5051:
5002:
5000:
4993:
4987:
4984:
4947:
4944:
4913:Reichsdeutsche
4888:
4887:
4838:
4836:
4829:
4823:
4820:
4779:Western Allies
4753:
4747:
4690:Landesminister
4686:Bundesminister
4631:
4630:
4581:
4579:
4572:
4556:
4553:
4503:
4500:
4411:Proto-Germanic
4365:
4362:
4325:Starting with
4302:
4299:
4271:
4270:Sign languages
4268:
4228:toich'willandŭ
4070:[ɗɨ́k]
4002:
3999:
3930:
3927:
3907:respectively.
3746:). Belarusian
3734:in Polish and
3690:
3684:
3571:
3565:
3502:almond furnace
3393:
3387:
3320:Eric Partridge
3146:(singular) or
3093:Main article:
3090:
3084:
2995:Iewelk düdesch
2991:Sachsenspiegel
2971:Sachsenspiegel
2743:Proto-Germanic
2711:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2686:
2676:
2660:
2646:
2634:
2614:
2588:
2567:
2550:Teutonic Order
2511:
2493:
2471:
2466:) – after the
2448:Medieval Greek
2443:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2391:
2387:
2386:Unclear origin
2384:
2382:
2381:
2367:
2358:
2348:
2338:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2271:
2262:
2253:
2237:
2228:
2208:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2163:
2147:
2138:
2121:
2117:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2076:Ssassitko temm
2069:
2060:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1985:
1969:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1920:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1883:
1874:
1858:
1842:
1833:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1723:
1721:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1695:
1686:
1672:
1658:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1622:
1612:
1603:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1535:
1525:
1516:
1500:
1489:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1435:
1415:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1329:
1319:
1305:
1296:
1280:
1264:
1248:
1239:
1225:
1219:Modern English
1216:
1200:
1190:
1180:
1164:
1150:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1099:
1090:
1072:
1058:
1049:
1043:Northern Sotho
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1003:Medieval Latin
1000:
991:
978:
969:
962:Doichwillandeu
931:
922:
907:
898:
892:
883:
874:
865:
812:
802:
798:
788:
783:
780:
760:
759:
742:
718:
691:
689:Alamanni tribe
675:
640:
639:
637:
636:
629:
622:
614:
611:
610:
609:
608:
594:
577:
576:
571:
570:
567:
565:Modern history
561:
560:
557:
555:
554:
549:
543:
540:
539:
536:
534:
533:
520:
517:
516:
513:
507:
506:
505:1945–1949/1952
503:
501:
500:
491:
485:
480:
475:
474:
471:
470:
465:
464:
461:
455:
454:
451:
445:
444:
441:
435:
434:
431:
425:
424:
421:
413:
408:
407:
404:
403:
400:
399:
394:
389:
387:
386:
377:
371:
369:
364:
358:
353:
352:
349:
348:
345:
344:
339:
334:
328:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
314:
309:
304:
299:
293:
290:
289:
286:
285:
282:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
187:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
145:Historiography
142:
136:
133:
132:
129:
128:
120:
119:
110:
109:
102:
90:
78:
72:
66:
52:
46:Proto-Germanic
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8476:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8441:
8439:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8407:
8405:
8401:
8392:
8389:
8384:
8381:
8376:
8373:
8366:
8365:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8356:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8338:
8335:
8330:
8327:
8322:
8319:
8314:
8311:
8310:
8308:
8306:organizations
8304:
8298:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8271:
8270:
8267:
8266:
8264:
8262:
8257:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8239:
8236:
8235:
8234:
8231:
8230:
8228:
8226:By population
8224:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8206:
8203:
8202:
8201:
8198:
8197:
8195:
8191:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8169:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8142:
8141:
8138:
8134:
8133:South America
8131:
8127:
8124:
8123:
8122:
8121:North America
8119:
8118:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8108:
8106:
8104:and subregion
8100:
8096:
8089:
8085:
8071:
8068:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8031:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7980:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7970:
7968:
7966:
7962:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7877:
7875:
7871:
7867:
7860:
7856:
7851:
7847:
7840:
7835:
7833:
7828:
7826:
7821:
7820:
7817:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7779:Faroe Islands
7777:
7775:
7772:
7771:
7769:
7763:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7751:South Ossetia
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7733:
7731:
7725:
7719:
7716:
7714:
7711:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7603:Liechtenstein
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7467:
7458:
7453:
7451:
7446:
7444:
7439:
7438:
7435:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7414:
7409:
7405:
7402:
7398:
7395:
7391:
7390:
7386:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7254:
7252:
7250:
7246:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7234:Social issues
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7162:Ethnic groups
7160:
7159:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7060:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6991:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6875:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6863:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6779:
6776:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6759:
6757:
6753:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6741:Reunification
6739:
6738:
6736:
6732:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6663:German Empire
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6614:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6568:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6492:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6461:
6458:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6425:
6423:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6403:
6401:
6400:
6394:
6381:
6377:
6374:
6370:
6368:(1979), 833pp
6367:
6363:
6360:
6356:
6353:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6329:
6326:
6322:
6320:
6316:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6304:
6293:
6287:
6280:
6274:
6265:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6235:
6219:
6215:
6211:
6204:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6174:
6168:, 5th edition
6167:
6162:
6153:
6144:
6143:
6138:
6132:
6126:
6120:
6114:
6108:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6074:
6068:
6060:
6059:
6051:
6049:
6040:
6036:
6035:
6027:
6025:
6023:
6014:
6012:3-11-013749-6
6008:
6004:
5997:
5988:
5980:
5978:0-520-08511-6
5974:
5970:
5963:
5956:
5955:
5948:
5934:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5912:
5905:
5903:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5872:
5866:
5859:
5858:0-9761082-9-1
5855:
5849:
5842:
5841:9780030777455
5838:
5834:
5828:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5804:
5789:
5785:
5779:
5771:
5758:
5750:
5743:
5741:
5739:
5731:
5725:
5709:
5702:
5696:
5688:
5682:
5667:
5666:
5658:
5656:
5651:
5638:
5634:
5628:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5608:
5601:
5595:
5588:
5584:
5578:
5571:
5567:
5561:
5554:
5550:
5544:
5537:
5534:is "немски" (
5533:
5527:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5508:
5504:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5471:
5460:
5457:
5446:
5432:
5427:
5420:
5415:
5408:
5403:
5396:
5391:
5384:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5368:). The terms
5367:
5362:
5360:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5327:
5324:
5316:
5313:December 2020
5306:
5302:
5298:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5282:This section
5280:
5276:
5271:
5270:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5217:
5212:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5180:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5146:bundesdeutsch
5143:
5142:reichsdeutsch
5139:
5138:Bundeskanzler
5135:
5134:Reichskanzler
5131:
5127:
5123:
5114:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5075:
5071:
5070:Deutsche Post
5066:
5058:
5048:
5045:
5037:
5034:December 2020
5027:
5023:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5008:
5003:This section
5001:
4997:
4992:
4991:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4968:Zweites Reich
4965:
4964:Drittes Reich
4961:
4957:
4953:
4952:Drittes Reich
4943:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4917:Volksdeutsche
4914:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4884:
4881:
4873:
4870:December 2020
4863:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4839:This section
4837:
4833:
4828:
4827:
4819:
4818:(old Reich).
4817:
4816:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4804:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4786:
4780:
4776:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4752:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4734:
4729:
4727:
4723:
4722:Bundestrainer
4719:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4658:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4643:
4638:
4627:
4624:
4616:
4613:December 2020
4606:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4582:This section
4580:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4552:
4550:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4510:, forced the
4509:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4449:Late Medieval
4445:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4422:thiota, diota
4420:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4395:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4375:
4371:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4267:
4259:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4229:
4224:
4222:
4217:
4206:
4205:Doichillanteu
4202:
4198:
4194:
4184:
4180:
4175:
4173:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4105:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4080:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4010:
4006:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3854:Uriyangkhadai
3851:
3847:
3846:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3785:mentioned by
3784:
3780:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3704:derives from
3703:
3699:
3696:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3543:) and ᒣᐦᔭᑴᑦ (
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3527:, originally
3526:
3522:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3474:Andrew Boorde
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3439:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3371:cousin-german
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3154:Julius Caesar
3151:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3043:(land of the
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3016:, the son of
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2972:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2903:West Frankish
2900:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2864:Tera tudestga
2861:
2860:Tearatudestga
2857:
2856:Tiaratudestga
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2657:mâyakwêsinâhk
2654:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2496:Lower Sorbian
2494:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2342:Luxembourgish
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2314:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2294:Upper Sorbian
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:Lower Sorbian
2283:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1709:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1685:) (adjective)
1684:
1680:
1679:yəə-rá-má-nii
1676:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:A' Ghearmailt
1598:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1309:
1308:Modern Hebrew
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:Northern Sami
1032:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
999:
995:
994:Luxembourgish
992:
990:
986:
982:
979:
977:
973:
970:
967:
963:
957:
951:
947:
941:
935:
932:
930:
926:
923:
920:
914:
908:
906:
902:
899:
897:
893:
891:
887:
884:
882:
878:
875:
873:
869:
866:
857:
853:
847:
841:
835:
829:
825:
819:
813:
811:
807:
804:
803:
801:
796:
793:
787:
779:
777:
773:
769:
764:
757:
752:
747:
743:
740:
736:
733:
728:
723:
719:
716:
710:
706:
701:
696:
692:
690:
685:
680:
676:
673:
669:
664:
659:
655:
651:
650:
649:
647:
635:
630:
628:
623:
621:
616:
615:
613:
612:
606:
595:
592:
581:
580:
579:
578:
568:
566:
563:
562:
558:
553:
550:
548:
547:Reunification
545:
544:
542:
541:
537:
532:
529:
525:
522:
521:
519:
518:
514:
512:
509:
508:
504:
498:
497:
492:
490:
487:
486:
484:
483:
478:
473:
472:
462:
460:
457:
456:
452:
450:
447:
446:
442:
440:
437:
436:
432:
430:
427:
426:
422:
420:
419:German Empire
417:
416:
411:
406:
405:
398:
395:
393:
390:
384:
383:
378:
376:
373:
372:
370:
368:
365:
363:
362:Mediatisation
360:
359:
356:
351:
350:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
326:
321:
320:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
288:
287:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
243:Early history
240:
239:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
188:
185:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
131:
130:
126:
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
106:
101:
100:
88:
85:
63:
59:
50:
47:
37:
32:
27:
19:
8368:(Portuguese)
8362:
8350:Francophonie
8303:geopolitical
8102:By continent
8012:
7756:Transnistria
7560:
7408:Bibliography
7349:
7282:Coat of arms
7262:Architecture
7239:Trade unions
7219:Prostitution
7179:Homelessness
7142:Demographics
7091:Trade unions
7058:
7048:German model
7021:Central bank
6965:Conservatism
6928:Human rights
6913:Court system
6908:Constitution
6888:
6734:Contemporary
6723:West Germany
6718:East Germany
6693:World War II
6688:Nazi Germany
6628:18th-century
6587:East Francia
6541:Cimbrian War
6398:
6390:
6379:
6372:
6365:
6358:
6343:
6338:
6331:
6327:(2 vol 1998)
6324:
6307:
6291:
6286:
6278:
6273:
6264:
6252:. Retrieved
6248:the original
6243:
6234:
6222:. Retrieved
6218:the original
6213:
6203:
6191:. Retrieved
6187:the original
6182:
6173:
6161:
6152:
6141:
6131:
6119:
6107:
6095:. Retrieved
6091:the original
6081:
6067:
6057:
6033:
6002:
5996:
5987:
5968:
5962:
5952:
5947:
5936:, retrieved
5914:
5894:Lower Saxony
5887:
5879:
5865:
5848:
5832:
5827:
5811:
5808:
5803:
5791:. Retrieved
5787:
5778:
5757:cite journal
5724:
5712:. Retrieved
5707:
5695:
5670:, retrieved
5664:
5627:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5594:
5586:
5577:
5569:
5565:
5560:
5552:
5543:
5535:
5526:
5518:
5511:
5507:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5363:
5336:
5335:In 1990 the
5334:
5319:
5310:
5295:Please help
5283:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5231:good Germans
5230:
5222:
5220:
5215:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5162:
5158:Bundesbürger
5157:
5153:
5150:Reichsbürger
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5101:
5097:
5093:
5092:After 1945,
5091:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5073:
5069:
5040:
5031:
5016:Please help
5004:
4979:
4975:
4972:Nazi Germany
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4951:
4949:
4946:Nazi Germany
4939:
4935:
4927:
4925:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4910:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4891:
4876:
4867:
4852:Please help
4840:
4813:
4807:
4806:. After the
4801:
4799:
4794:
4782:
4774:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4755:
4750:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4730:
4725:
4721:
4720:. (The word
4717:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4696:
4694:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4669:
4665:
4655:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4636:
4634:
4619:
4610:
4595:Please help
4583:
4545:
4540:
4534:
4528:
4505:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4456:
4446:
4437:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4414:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4379:
4377:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4338:
4334:
4324:
4316:nation-state
4311:
4307:
4304:
4294:
4284:
4273:
4257:
4247:
4243:
4227:
4225:
4220:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4182:
4177:The (South)
4176:
4171:
4155:
4091:
4081:
4065:
4055:
4053:
4048:
4039:
4027:
4017:
4011:
4007:
4004:
3995:Old Prussian
3990:
3986:
3982:
3974:
3962:
3958:
3946:
3942:
3932:
3918:
3909:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3865:
3843:
3841:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3826:
3824:(Германия).
3821:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3778:
3776:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3753:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3725:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3706:Proto-Slavic
3701:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3672:Transylvania
3665:
3645:Sais, Saeson
3644:
3637:Sows, Sowson
3636:
3629:Saoz, Saozon
3628:
3622:
3608:
3587:
3579:
3575:
3573:
3568:
3560:
3559:), of which
3556:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3518:
3514:Upper German
3505:
3498:Almain rivet
3491:
3485:
3483:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3462:
3460:
3443:
3403:
3401:
3390:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3315:
3303:
3299:
3293:Johann Zeuss
3288:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3263:
3258:of northern
3241:
3236:
3225:
3217:
3214:Roman Empire
3212:outside the
3205:
3199:
3194:. In AD 98,
3165:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3123:
3116:
3114:
3087:
3079:
3063:
3057:
3052:
3048:
3040:
3026:
3021:
2997:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2959:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2941:vulgar Latin
2936:
2932:
2926:
2898:
2896:
2891:
2890:and Spanish
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2804:
2797:
2782:
2770:
2763:
2752:
2745:
2736:
2729:
2727:
2708:
2693:
2692:from German
2689:
2682:
2673:
2671:Old Prussian
2666:
2656:
2652:
2628:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2594:
2577:
2576:– literally
2573:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2525:
2517:
2503:
2499:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2380:, see above)
2377:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2345:
2334:
2312:
2297:
2288:
2268:
2259:
2249:
2234:
2220:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2169:
2159:
2144:
2134:
2119:
2114:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2057:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1981:
1966:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1932:
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1870:
1854:
1839:
1830:
1821:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1794:Extremaduran
1788:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1752:
1743:
1733:
1707:
1692:
1682:
1681:), เยอรมัน (
1678:
1668:
1667:), ஜெர்மனி (
1664:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1572:
1560:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1522:
1512:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1427:
1412:
1402:
1401:: ເຢຍລະມັນ (
1392:
1383:
1374:
1369:An Ghearmáin
1368:
1362:
1353:
1344:
1335:
1325:
1315:
1302:
1292:
1276:
1260:
1245:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1212:
1196:
1195:: Германия (
1186:
1185:: জার্মানি (
1176:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1124:
1111:
1096:
1093:West Frisian
1078:
1069:idaichulandu
1068:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1006:
997:
988:
984:
983:/Low Saxon:
975:
965:
961:
945:
928:
918:
904:
895:
889:
880:
871:
858:; "Dé" from
855:
830:), commonly
827:
809:
800:
794:
785:
768:etymological
765:
761:
734:
732:Proto-Slavic
643:
459:World War II
449:Nazi Germany
410:German Reich
337:18th century
332:Sectionalism
297:East Francia
86:
84:Proto-Slavic
48:
26:
8337:Latin Union
8313:Arab League
7794:Isle of Man
7729:recognition
7703:Switzerland
7638:Netherlands
7209:Pornography
7184:Immigration
7147:Drug policy
7059:Mittelstand
7006:Agriculture
6970:Nationalism
6943:Transgender
6827:Earthquakes
6774:, 1583-1588
6772:Cologne War
6668:World War I
6570:Middle Ages
6556:Gothic Wars
5710:. p. 5
5635:tribe or a
5355:West Berlin
5351:West Berlin
5347:East Berlin
5136:became the
5072:instead of
4956:Third Reich
4906:Deutschland
4711:Landesebene
4707:Bundesebene
4492:Charlemagne
4419:High German
4403:Deutschland
4401:(living in
4354:Altes Reich
4327:Charlemagne
4295:Pickelhaube
4286:Pickelhaube
4279:sign is an
4244:Deutschland
4221:Deutschland
4158:) meaning '
4051:'country'.
3963:Oju-/Ojamaa
3961:and eston.
3829:Németország
3754:Niamieččyna
3693:The Slavic
3686:Names from
3670:arrived to
3661:Anglo-Saxon
3567:Names from
3506:Alemannisch
3480:, c. 1547:
3451:Shakespeare
3427:Switzerland
3421:, parts of
3389:Names from
3312:fairy tales
3308:Jacob Grimm
3256:ethnography
3086:Names from
3053:Deutschland
3049:Teutschland
2915:Middle Ages
2750:Old English
2730:Deutschland
2707:Names from
2649:Plains Cree
2591:Kinyarwanda
2478:אַשְׁכְּנַז
2442:Other forms
2202:Montenegrin
2188:Németország
2135:Njamjéččyna
2112:Protoslavic
2081:Tornedalian
1939:Piedmontese
1871:ʾaalləɨmɑng
1749:Azerbaijani
1677:: เยอรมนี (
1663:: செருமனி (
1617:: ජර්මනිය (
1492:Marshallese
1459:Yn Ghermaan
1359:Interlingua
1020:Teutōtitlan
998:Däitschland
985:Düütschland
966:North Korea
925:Kinyarwanda
896:Deutschland
776:bureaucracy
756:Saxon tribe
730:, from the
703:, from the
666:, from the
663:Deutschland
429:World War I
355:Unification
291:Middle Ages
226:Württemberg
206:Family tree
114:History of
8438:Categories
8375:Hispanidad
8193:By country
8177:Micronesia
8150:South Asia
7935:Portuguese
7915:Hindustani
7673:San Marino
7633:Montenegro
7613:Luxembourg
7593:Kazakhstan
7496:Azerbaijan
7370:Television
7355:Philosophy
7330:Literature
7189:Irreligion
7174:Healthcare
7137:Corruption
6903:Chancellor
6892:(military)
6889:Bundeswehr
6125:Latin text
6113:Latin text
6097:4 February
5788:Etymonline
5647:References
5519:*Þeudiskaz
5247:Sowjetzone
5188:Sowjetzone
5173:all German
5083:Westberlin
4465:Old French
4374:Theodiscus
4119:simplified
3977:) and the
3941:the names
3939:Lithuanian
3885:Al Andalus
3866:Nie-mi-sz'
3852:commander
3764:Nimecchyna
3574:The names
3535:), ᑌᐦᒋᒪᓐ (
3367:germanique
3260:barbarians
3150:(plural).
3068:Maastricht
2928:theodiscus
2884:théotisque
2791:Lithuanian
2746:*Þeudiskaz
2716:Theodiscus
2431:Samogitian
2422:Lithuanian
2395:Kursenieki
2331:Limburgish
2125:Belarusian
1948:Portuguese
1866:អាល្លឺម៉ង់
1683:yəə-rá-man
1530:: जर्मनी (
1484:: जर्मनी (
1446:Indonesian
1418:Macedonian
1403:yīa la man
1391:: ಜರ್ಮನಿ (
1350:Indonesian
1322:Hindustani
1112:daytshland
1107:דײַטשלאַנד
1075:Vietnamese
989:Duutslaand
981:Low German
909:Japanese:
797:or similar
772:geographic
681:exonym is
569:since 1990
552:New states
496:Ostgebiete
489:Occupation
382:Zollverein
230:Mediatised
140:Chronology
49:*Þeudiskaz
29:See also:
8378:(Spanish)
8332:(English)
8182:Polynesia
8172:Melanesia
8145:East Asia
8126:Caribbean
8092:Languages
8058:Sri Lanka
8053:Singapore
8028:Indonesia
7863:Countries
7850:languages
7846:Countries
7784:Gibraltar
7608:Lithuania
7325:Libraries
7305:Festivals
7152:Education
7096:Transport
7061:companies
6980:President
6918:Elections
6883:Bundesrat
6878:Bundestag
6847:Mountains
6815:Districts
6793:Geography
6526:Visigoths
6463:Overviews
6254:6 October
6224:6 October
6210:"Germany"
6193:6 October
6147:, p. 322.
5938:5 January
5793:21 August
5587:nemetskiy
5284:does not
5156:) became
5005:does not
4841:does not
4809:Anschluss
4785:Anschluss
4742:Bundesrat
4728:itself.)
4657:Bundesrat
4651:Reichstag
4584:does not
4502:1800–1871
4480:Alemannia
4468:alemaigne
4415:theudisk-
4133:spelling
3947:Vokietija
3897:Allemania
3822:Germaniya
3814:Bulgarian
3810:Germaniya
3806:nemetskiy
3759:Німеччина
3749:Нямеччына
3676:Rhineland
3657:Middlesex
3651:, Essex,
3624:Sassenach
3533:Allemagne
3529:Aalimaanh
3494:Allemande
3440:is spoken
3404:Allemagne
3402:The name
3322:suggests
3297:Old Irish
3287:: one is
3115:The name
2943:and some
2848:Sutsilvan
2844:Sursilvan
2838:language
2802:Old Irish
2728:The name
2674:miksiskai
2630:Stahlhelm
2607:guten Tag
2578:south way
2570:Old Norse
2546:crusaders
2542:krzyżowcy
2530:colonists
2484:, son of
2456:frangikós
2435:Vuokītėjė
2426:Vokietija
2404:Latgalian
2350:informal
2340:informal
2313:Niméččyna
2308:Німеччина
2303:Ukrainian
2227:countries
2197:Miemieckô
2193:Kashubian
2184:Hungarian
2150:Bulgarian
2130:Нямеччына
2110:From the
2103:S'aksamaa
2024:Yr Almaen
1965:Spanish:
1895:Mirandese
1890:Alemannia
1822:Allemagne
1816:Alemagnes
1647:Ujerumani
1634:Sundanese
1619:jarmaniya
1588:Sardinian
1573:Germánija
1565:Russian:
1557:Rumantsch
1540:: ਜਰਮਨੀ (
1503:Mongolian
1442:Malaysian
1430:Germanija
1423:Германија
1384:Kelemania
1373:Italian:
1343:: جارمنی/
1314: (
1246:Gjermanie
1236:Germanujo
1228:Esperanto
1197:Germánija
1193:Bulgarian
1148:Gjermania
1139:Jeureuman
1120:From the
1025:Norwegian
905:Þýskaland
901:Icelandic
881:Duitsland
814:Chinese:
810:Duitsland
806:Afrikaans
684:Allemagne
656:language
538:1949–1990
515:1944–1950
463:1939–1945
453:1933–1945
443:1918–1933
433:1914–1918
423:1871–1918
198:Empresses
8403:See also
8353:(French)
8316:(Arabic)
8116:Americas
8003:Cambodia
7940:Romanian
7804:Svalbard
7789:Guernsey
7736:Abkhazia
7688:Slovenia
7683:Slovakia
7658:Portugal
7516:Bulgaria
7417:Category
7335:Internet
7320:Language
7310:Folklore
7229:Religion
7204:Pensions
7199:Naturism
7076:Taxation
6960:Lobbying
6933:Intersex
6866:Politics
6475:Timeline
6454:General
6447:articles
6348:Archived
6315:Archived
6139:(1888),
5784:"Norway"
5681:citation
5672:27 March
5442:See also
4815:Altreich
4529:In 1841
4508:Napoleon
4488:Francony
4476:Alamanni
4399:Deutsche
4392:Germania
4370:Germania
4131:katakana
3905:Alemanni
3901:Germania
3893:Germania
3889:an-Nimsā
3881:an-Namsā
3877:an-Nimsā
3639:and the
3615:Estonian
3576:Saksamaa
3545:Meyagwed
3541:Dutchman
3537:Dechiman
3411:Alemanni
3408:Germanic
3391:Alemanni
3375:germanus
3359:Germanen
3285:Germania
3264:Germania
3237:Eburones
3201:Germania
3184:Caeraesi
3180:Eburones
3176:Condrusi
3158:Germanus
3144:Germanus
3125:Germania
3095:Germania
3088:Germania
3076:Lorraine
3014:Ashkenaz
2983:frengisk
2949:theodisc
2945:theodisc
2937:frengisk
2933:frengisk
2907:died out
2880:tudesque
2870:meaning
2852:Surmiran
2840:Germania
2832:Germania
2757:Germanic
2663:Sudovian
2574:Suðrvegr
2538:krzyżacy
2514:Silesian
2482:Ashkenaz
2399:Vāce Zėm
2378:Heremani
2370:Tahitian
2361:Silesian
2356:De Pruus
2256:Silesian
2206:Njemačka
2170:Njemačka
2166:Croatian
2145:Njemačka
2094:Saksanma
2063:Livonian
2049:Saksamaa
2045:Estonian
1967:Alemania
1961:Alimanya
1952:Alemanha
1908:Alemanha
1881:Elmaniya
1855:Almanïya
1827:Galician
1820:French:
1807:Alemanya
1803:Filipino
1780:Alemanya
1762:Alemania
1753:Almaniya
1740:Asturian
1734:ʾalmānyā
1726:Arabic:
1718:Alamanni
1665:cerumani
1656:Heremani
1652:Tahitian
1610:Girmania
1606:Sicilian
1592:Germania
1568:Германия
1561:Germania
1552:Germania
1548:Romanian
1523:Djermani
1468:Ġermanja
1413:Germania
1380:Hawaiian
1375:Germania
1363:Germania
1336:Germania
1316:germánya
1283:Gujarati
1277:Germanía
1272:Γερμανία
1261:germania
1256:გერმანია
1251:Georgian
1242:Friulian
1232:Germanio
1177:Germania
1172:Գերմանիա
1167:Armenian
1144:Albanian
1135:Acehnese
1126:Germania
1056:Tyskland
1029:Tyskland
1007:Teutonia
976:dotygu'e
913:ドイツ (独逸)
894:German:
890:Týskland
872:Tyskland
741:speakers
715:tedeschi
709:Germania
700:Germania
531:division
190:Monarchs
150:Military
105:a series
103:Part of
62:Germania
18:Alemanha
8324:(Dutch)
8167:Oceania
8063:Vietnam
8048:Myanmar
8018:Iceland
8013:Germany
7950:Spanish
7945:Russian
7930:Persian
7920:Italian
7900:English
7890:Chinese
7713:Ukraine
7663:Romania
7623:Moldova
7581:Ireland
7576:Iceland
7571:Hungary
7561:Germany
7556:Georgia
7546:Finland
7541:Estonia
7536:Denmark
7521:Croatia
7506:Belgium
7501:Belarus
7491:Austria
7486:Armenia
7481:Andorra
7476:Albania
7394:Outline
7300:Fashion
7287:Cuisine
7249:Culture
7214:Poverty
7157:Germans
7120:Society
7101:Welfare
7086:Tourism
7043:Exports
7016:Banking
6994:Economy
6898:Cabinet
6837:Islands
6832:Geology
6755:Regions
6521:Teutons
6494:Ancient
6456:History
6443:Germany
6399:Germany
5886:in the
5884:tudesco
5714:10 June
5620:Nemetes
5600:demonym
5583:demonym
5553:tedesco
5549:demonym
5532:demonym
5512:Diutisc
5305:removed
5290:sources
5251:Ostzone
5192:Ostzone
5144:became
5102:Germany
5026:removed
5011:sources
4862:removed
4847:sources
4803:Ostmark
4637:Germany
4605:removed
4590:sources
4472:alemans
4461:Almains
4447:In the
4434:cognate
4407:Deutsch
4388:Germani
4380:Germani
4312:Germany
4308:Germans
4258:Deokguk
4193:do+itsu
4156:dokubun
4111:(whose
4098:Deutsch
4060:is the
4040:Deutsch
4029:déyìzhì
3983:vuowjos
3967:Gotland
3959:Vuojola
3955:Vagoths
3935:Latvian
3915:Persian
3875:النمسا
3873:Austria
3795:nemetes
3791:Tacitus
3783:Nemetes
3744:Německo
3726:Use of
3633:Cornish
3611:Finnish
3588:sakhsan
3561:Aanimaa
3525:Aanimaa
3447:Othello
3383:hermano
3268:Treveri
3266:: "The
3230:endonym
3218:Germani
3196:Tacitus
3192:Germani
3188:Paemani
3164:in his
3148:Germani
3140:Germani
3117:Germany
3101:Germani
3060:Belgium
3045:Teutons
3029:Teutoni
3022:Ascenos
3018:Japheth
2987:diutsch
2899:diutisc
2892:tudesco
2888:Thiogne
2836:Romansh
2824:todisco
2820:tudesco
2816:todesco
2812:tedesco
2795:Latvian
2738:diutisc
2709:Diutisc
2611:deutsch
2603:Ubudagi
2599:Kirundi
2595:Ubudage
2534:Bamberg
2508:Bavaria
2486:Japheth
2460:Germans
2452:Frángoi
2413:Latvian
2408:Vuoceja
2374:Purutia
2365:Prusacy
2346:Preisen
2323:Prussia
2279:Nemčija
2274:Slovene
2269:Nemecko
2250:Nemačka
2245:Немачка
2240:Serbian
2179:Německo
2141:Bosnian
2067:Saksāmō
2054:Finnish
2015:Almanya
2011:Turkish
2006:Alemaña
1997:Almania
1993:Алмания
1957:Quechua
1943:Almagna
1923:Persian
1917:aanimaa
1904:Occitan
1899:Almanha
1877:Kurdish
1850:Алмания
1840:Alemáña
1836:Guarani
1831:Alemaña
1798:Alemaña
1785:Cornish
1776:Catalan
1771:Alamagn
1744:Alemaña
1729:ألمانيا
1708:jarmanī
1693:Siamane
1669:jermani
1643:Swahili
1615:Sinhala
1583:Siamani
1542:jarmanī
1538:Panjabi
1532:jarmanī
1519:Nauruan
1486:jarmanī
1482:Marathi
1477:Tiamana
1464:Maltese
1440:(incl.
1393:jarmani
1389:Kannada
1367:Irish:
1345:jarmani
1326:jarmanī
1293:jarmanī
1223:Germany
1213:gyamani
1203:Burmese
1187:jarmani
1183:Bengali
1153:Aramaic
1102:Yiddish
1097:Dútslân
1052:Swedish
1047:Tôitšhi
1016:Nahuatl
929:Ubudage
886:Faroese
828:Déyìzhì
795:diutisc
746:Finnish
695:Italian
672:diutisc
658:endonym
646:Germany
218:Prussia
214:Bavaria
210:Austria
165:Judaism
155:Economy
116:Germany
87:*němьcь
8238:Europe
8162:Europe
8111:Africa
8043:Kosovo
7910:German
7905:French
7885:Arabic
7799:Jersey
7741:Kosovo
7708:Turkey
7698:Sweden
7678:Serbia
7668:Russia
7653:Poland
7648:Norway
7628:Monaco
7598:Latvia
7566:Greece
7551:France
7526:Cyprus
7422:Portal
7277:Cinema
7257:Anthem
7224:Racism
7038:Energy
6852:Rivers
6810:States
6780:, 1848
6616:Modern
6445:
6375:(2005)
6361:(2004)
6334:(2006)
6166:Kōjien
6009:
5975:
5954:Thiois
5929:
5856:
5839:
5818:
5637:Baltic
5633:Vagoth
5612:Němьcь
5566:german
5536:nemski
5259:Pankow
5225:(DDR,
5200:Pankow
4496:Bremen
4457:Almany
4442:Teuton
4430:theudō
4426:theudō
4281:iconic
4197:dok+il
4179:Korean
4092:doitsu
4026::
4024:pinyin
4016::
4014:pinyin
3987:German
3943:Vācija
3850:Mongol
3848:, the
3837:german
3818:nemski
3799:němьcь
3787:Caesar
3779:Nemtsy
3768:němьcь
3732:Niemcy
3728:němьci
3713:němьci
3711:, pl.
3709:němьcь
3702:nemtsy
3698:nemets
3695:exonym
3688:Nemets
3680:Saxony
3678:, not
3653:Sussex
3649:Wessex
3643:terms
3635:terms
3631:, the
3596:knives
3584:Saxons
3486:Almain
3467:Almain
3463:German
3419:Alsace
3415:Suebic
3344:Almain
3272:Nervii
3252:Celtic
3234:exonym
3226:Tungri
3222:Tungri
3198:wrote
3172:Belgic
3072:Aachen
3064:Thiois
2960:-iscus
2957:suffix
2953:theoda
2919:Franks
2876:thiois
2785:, the
2775:Celtic
2683:Erefen
2679:Polish
2637:Lakota
2617:Navajo
2585:Norway
2526:bambry
2522:Swabia
2518:szwaby
2504:bawery
2500:bawory
2468:Franks
2464:German
2417:Vācija
2376:(also
2352:Twents
2335:Pruses
2298:Němska
2289:Nimska
2265:Slovak
2235:Niemcy
2231:Polish
2160:Nemsko
2155:Немско
2115:němьcь
2072:Romani
1913:Ojibwe
1845:Kazakh
1789:Almayn
1767:Breton
1758:Basque
1689:Tongan
1638:Jerman
1629:Jarmal
1625:Somali
1579:Samoan
1528:Nepali
1513:German
1508:Герман
1450:Jerman
1354:Jerman
1341:Pashto
1312:גרמניה
1288:જર્મની
1234:(also
1208:ဂျာမနီ
1161:jerman
1038:Duiska
972:Lojban
940:독일(獨逸)
934:Korean
919:Doitsu
868:Danish
824:pinyin
739:Slavic
735:nemets
727:Niemcy
724:it is
722:Polish
697:it is
679:French
654:German
222:Saxony
194:Queens
134:Topics
107:on the
92:
82:
80:
74:
68:
56:
54:
44:
42:
8038:Korea
8033:Japan
8023:India
8008:China
7955:Tamil
7925:Malay
7852:lists
7774:Åland
7693:Spain
7618:Malta
7588:Italy
7401:Index
7365:Sport
7350:Names
7345:Music
7340:Media
7295:Dance
7167:Women
7132:Crime
7106:Women
6842:Lakes
6516:Goths
5704:(PDF)
5570:neamț
5499:Notes
5154:Reich
5126:Reich
4902:Reich
4898:Reich
4733:Reich
4697:Reich
4678:Reich
4642:Reich
4565:Reich
4438:teutā
4248:Dogil
4233:도이췰란드
4210:도이칠란트
4201:Dogil
4183:Dogil
4181:name
4019:Déguó
3975:vadja
3971:Votes
3919:Nemçe
3833:neamț
3736:Ńymcy
3641:Welsh
3604:Weser
3580:Saksa
3569:Saxon
3549:Némcy
3379:germà
3354:Dutch
3349:Alman
3332:garim
3328:gavin
3304:gairm
3244:Celts
3136:Gauls
3131:limes
3121:Latin
3033:Latin
2805:tuath
2798:tauta
2783:teuta
2695:Reich
2690:Rajch
2563:Reich
2554:Rajch
2520:from
2458:(for
2260:Ńymcy
2221:nemçe
2175:Czech
2085:Saksa
2058:Saksa
2038:tribe
2036:Saxon
2020:Welsh
2002:Tetum
1988:Tatar
1982:Olmon
1977:Олмон
1972:Tajik
1933:ālmān
1928:آلمان
1915:ᐋᓂᒫ (
1886:Latin
1861:Khmer
1720:tribe
1703:جرمنی
1661:Tamil
1497:Jāmne
1473:Māori
1438:Malay
1409:Latin
1303:Jamus
1299:Hausa
1267:Greek
1122:Latin
1061:Tamil
956:도이췰란드
952:) or
950:Kanji
946:Dogil
877:Dutch
856:Déguó
852:simp.
842:) or
840:trad.
790:From
751:Saksa
705:Latin
170:Women
58:Latin
8140:Asia
7848:and
7315:Flag
7272:Arts
6938:LGBT
6256:2023
6226:2023
6195:2023
6179:"83"
6099:2009
6007:ISBN
5973:ISBN
5951:see
5940:2023
5927:ISBN
5854:ISBN
5837:ISBN
5816:ISBN
5795:2007
5770:help
5716:2021
5687:link
5674:2024
5616:lit.
5372:and
5288:any
5286:cite
5175:(or
5130:Bund
5009:any
5007:cite
4976:Nazi
4845:any
4843:cite
4737:Bund
4726:bund
4703:Bund
4682:Bund
4680:and
4646:Bund
4588:any
4586:cite
4563:and
4478:and
4459:and
4451:and
4372:and
4310:and
4166:独日関係
3991:*wek
3979:Sami
3945:and
3937:and
3913:and
3860:and
3789:and
3772:-ina
3721:-ьcь
3717:němъ
3666:The
3613:and
3602:and
3600:Elbe
3592:seax
3578:and
3557:mute
3553:ajam
3455:Iago
3425:and
3413:, a
3351:and
3324:*gar
3300:gair
3289:gair
3280:OED2
3277:The
3270:and
3186:and
3162:Gaul
3070:and
3027:The
3002:Graf
2886:and
2872:land
2862:and
2850:and
2793:and
2771:diet
2764:diot
2753:þeod
2667:guti
2558:Rajś
2490:Noah
2216:نمچه
2099:Võro
2090:Veps
1698:Urdu
1675:Thai
1455:Manx
1444:and
1157:ܓܪܡܢ
770:and
744:the
677:the
652:the
559:1990
528:East
524:West
202:1918
160:LGBT
8259:By
7998:Q–Z
7993:J–P
7988:D–I
7983:A–C
7267:Art
6950:Law
5919:doi
5551:is
5345:).
5299:by
5257:or
5216:DDR
5198:or
5167:or
5020:by
4856:by
4599:by
4432:is
4405:).
4242:of
4219:of
4136:ドイツ
4121:to
4086:ドイツ
4066:đức
4057:Đức
4049:guó
4038:of
3965:, '
3933:In
3903:or
3895:or
3879:or
3723:).
3663:".
3609:In
3336:ger
3316:ger
3246:or
2977:In
2921:in
2807:).
2777:or
2582:cf.
2556:or
2502:or
1448:):
1399:Lao
1332:Ido
1081:Đức
861:德意志
854:) (
818:德意志
720:in
693:In
660:is
8440::
6242:.
6212:.
6181:.
6047:^
6039:21
6021:^
5925:,
5913:,
5901:^
5786:.
5761::
5759:}}
5755:{{
5737:^
5706:.
5683:}}
5679:{{
5654:^
5361:.
5253:,
5249:,
5194:,
5190:,
5160:.
5148:,
5140:,
4982:.
4974:,
4942:.
4923:.
4770:.
4699:.
4672:.
4490:,
4470:,
4263:덕국
4260:,
4253:독일
4223:.
4199:=
4188:독일
4108:獨逸
3868:.
3801:.
3774:.
3700:,
3682:.
3655:,
3606:.
3555:)
3429:.
3347:,
3326:/
3239:.
3182:,
3178:,
3055:.
2973:).
2882:,
2878:,
2858:,
2846:,
2822:,
2818:,
2800:,
2766:,
2669:,
2665::
2651::
2639::
2619::
2601::
2597:,
2593::
2572::
2552:,
2544:–
2536:,
2524:,
2516::
2498::
2476::
2462:,
2454:,
2450::
2433::
2424::
2415::
2406::
2397::
2372::
2363::
2354::
2344::
2333::
2305::
2296::
2287::
2276::
2267::
2258::
2242::
2233::
2213::
2204::
2195::
2186::
2177::
2168::
2152::
2143::
2127::
2101::
2092::
2083::
2074::
2065::
2056::
2047::
2022::
2013::
2004::
1990::
1974::
1959::
1950::
1941::
1931:('
1925::
1906::
1897::
1888::
1879::
1863::
1847::
1838::
1829::
1814::
1805::
1796::
1787::
1778::
1769::
1760::
1751::
1742::
1732:('
1700::
1691::
1654::
1645::
1636::
1627::
1608::
1599::
1590::
1581::
1559::
1550::
1521::
1505::
1494::
1475::
1466::
1457::
1420::
1411::
1382::
1361::
1352::
1334::
1310::
1301::
1285::
1269::
1253::
1244::
1230::
1221::
1205::
1169::
1155::
1146::
1137::
1104::
1095::
1077::
1063::
1054::
1045::
1036::
1027::
1018::
1009:,
1005::
996::
974::
964:–
936::
927::
903::
888::
879::
870::
846:德国
834:德國
826::
808::
778:.
228:,
224:,
220:,
216:,
212:,
208:,
204:,
200:,
196:,
7838:e
7831:t
7824:v
7456:e
7449:t
7442:v
6435:e
6428:t
6421:v
6258:.
6228:.
6197:.
6101:.
6041:.
6015:.
5981:.
5921::
5896:.
5873:.
5860:.
5843:.
5822:.
5797:.
5772:)
5768:(
5718:.
5689:)
5326:)
5320:(
5315:)
5311:(
5307:.
5293:.
5047:)
5041:(
5036:)
5032:(
5028:.
5014:.
4954:(
4883:)
4877:(
4872:)
4868:(
4864:.
4850:.
4787:)
4783:(
4626:)
4620:(
4615:)
4611:(
4607:.
4593:.
4413:*
4250:(
4230:(
4207:(
4185:(
4170:(
4154:(
4150:文
4148:独
4142:独
4125:独
4114:獨
4090:(
4076:德
4064:(
4045:國
3973:(
3762:(
3752:(
3508:(
3078:(
2748:(
2613:.
2580:(
2566:.
2510:.
2470:.
2315:)
2311:(
2252:)
2248:(
2219:(
2158:(
2137:)
2133:(
1984:)
1980:(
1935:)
1919:)
1873:)
1869:(
1853:(
1736:)
1710:)
1706:(
1671:)
1621:)
1575:)
1571:(
1544:)
1534:)
1515:)
1511:(
1488:)
1434:)
1426:(
1405:)
1395:)
1328:)
1318:)
1295:)
1291:(
1279:)
1275:(
1263:)
1259:(
1238:)
1215:)
1211:(
1199:)
1189:)
1179:)
1175:(
1163:)
1159:(
1114:)
1110:(
1087:德
1085:(
1071:)
1067:(
987:/
968:)
960:(
944:(
921:)
917:(
850:(
838:(
822:(
758:.
633:e
626:t
619:v
526:–
232:)
192:(
186:)
182:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
