601:, one has to go back to a 1996 document, "A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm," drafted by a team of advisers to Benjamin Netanyahu in his run for prime minister of Israel. The authors included current Bush advisers Richard Perle and Douglas Feith. "Syria challenges Israel on Lebanese soil," they wrote, calling for "striking Syrian military targets in Lebanon, and should that prove insufficient, striking at select targets in Syria proper." No wonder Perle was delighted by the Israeli strike. "It will help the peace process," he told
629:
rather than Iran. Were the
Hashemites to control Iraq, they could use their influence over Najaf to help Israel wean the south Lebanese Shi'a away from Hizbollah, Iran, and Syria. Shi'a retain strong ties to the Hashemites." Of course the Shia with "strong ties to the Hashemites" was the family of Ahmed Chalabi. Perle, Feith and other contributors to the "Clean Break" seemed not to recall the 15-year fatwa the clerics of Najaf proclaimed against the Iraqi Hashemites. Or the still more glaring fact, pointed out by
637:, that Shiites are loyal only to descendants of the prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali, and reject all other lineages, including the Hashemites. As Khalidi caustically notes, "Perle and his colleagues were here proposing the complete restructuring of a region whose history and religion their suggestions reveal they know hardly anything about." In short, the Iraqi component of the neocons "new strategy" was based on an ignorant fantasy of prospective Shia support for ties with Israel.
1663:
572:" and that it proposed "a mini-cold war in the Middle East, advocating the use of proxy armies for regime changes, destabilization and containment. Indeed, it even goes so far as to articulate a way to advance right-wing Zionism by melding it with missile-defense advocacy." He wrote that because of the shared organizational membership of the paper's authors the report provides "perhaps the most insightful window" into the "policy worldview" of the
268:
Syrian subversion; encouraging—through influence in the U.S. business community—investment in Jordan to structurally shift Jordan's economy away from dependence on Iraq; and diverting Syria's attention by using
Lebanese opposition elements to destabilize Syrian control of Lebanon. ... Were the Hashemites to control Iraq, they could use their influence over Najf to help Israel wean the south Lebanese Shia away from
208:
staged a sham election, installed a quisling regime, and forced
Lebanon to sign a "Brotherhood Agreement" in 1991, that terminated Lebanese sovereignty. And Syria has begun colonizing Lebanon with hundreds of thousands of Syrians, while killing tens of thousands of its own citizens at a time, as it did in only three days in 1983 in Hama. ... Given the nature of the regime in
481:, et al.—are more likely to speak about freedom and democracy than about Halakha (Jewish law). What unites this alliance of convenience is a shared vision of American destiny and the conviction that American force and a tough Israeli line on the Arabs are the best ways to make the United States strong, Israel safe and the world a better place.
207:
Israel also can take this opportunity to remind the world of the nature of the Syrian regime. Syria repeatedly breaks its word. It violated numerous agreements with the Turks, and has betrayed the United States by continuing to occupy
Lebanon in violation of the Taef agreement in 1989. Instead, Syria
463:
Douglas Feith and
Richard Perle advised Netanyahu, who was prime minister in 1996, to make "a clean break" from the Oslo accords with the Palestinians. They also argued that Israeli security would be served best by regime change in surrounding countries. Despite the current mess in Iraq, this is
267:
in their efforts to redefine Iraq, including such measures as: visiting Jordan as the first official state visit, even before a visit to the United States, of the new
Netanyahu government; supporting King Hussein by providing him with some tangible security measures to protect his regime against
628:
In the section on Iraq, and the necessity of removing Saddam
Hussein, there was telltale "intelligence" from Chalabi and his old Jordanian Hashemite patron, Prince Hassan: "The predominantly Shi'a population of southern Lebanon has been tied for centuries to the Shi'a leadership in Najaf, Iraq,
476:
What we see, then, is not a Jewish conspiracy, but a peculiar alliance of evangelical
Christians, foreign-policy hard-liners, lobbyists for the Israeli government and neoconservatives, a number of whom happen to be Jewish. But the Jews among them—Perle, Wolfowitz, William Kristol, editor of
468:'s words, "The road to peace in the Middle East goes through Baghdad." It has indeed become an article of faith (literally in some cases) in Washington that American and Israeli interests are identical, but this was not always so, and "Jewish interests" are not the main reason for it now.
382:
Ultimately, Israel can do more than simply manage the Arab-Israeli conflict though war. No amount of weapons or victories will grant Israel the peace its seeks. When Israel is on a sound economic footing, and is free, powerful, and healthy internally, it will no longer simply manage the
534:
noted the paper's relevance to potential
Israeli bombing of Syria and Iran, writing that "In order to try to understand the neoconservative road map, senior national security professionals have begun circulating among themselves" the Clean Break "neocon manifesto." Soon after "Taki" of
289:
Most important, it is understandable that Israel has an interest supporting diplomatically, militarily and operationally Turkey’s and Jordan’s actions against Syria, such as securing tribal alliances with Arab tribes that cross into Syrian territory and are hostile to the Syrian ruling
892:" text states, "The main substantive ideas in this paper emerge from a discussion in which prominent opinion makers, including Richard Perle, James Colbert, Charles Fairbanks, Jr., Douglas Feith, Robert Loewenberg, David Wurmser, and Meyrav Wurmser participated."
300:
Israel has a chance to forge a new relationship between itself and the
Palestinians. First and foremost, Israel’s efforts to secure its streets may require hot pursuit into Palestinian-controlled areas, a justifiable practice with which Americans can
493:
National Security Correspondent, said in regards to the decision-making process that led to the war in Iraq that he "never saw any evidence that Richard Perle had any determining effect on US policy. He just wasn't in a position to do so."
349:
To reinforce this point, the Prime Minister can use his forthcoming visit to announce that Israel is now mature enough to cut itself free immediately from at least U.S. economic aid and loan guarantees at least, which prevent economic
369:"Israel's new strategic agenda can shape the regional environment in ways that grant Israel the room to refocus its energies back to where they are most needed: to rejuvenate its national idea, which can only come through replacing
545:
recently, Netanyahu suggested that President Bush had assured him Iran will be prevented from going nuclear. I take him at his word. Netanyahu seems to be the main mover in America's official adoption of the 1996 white paper
149:—which placed Israel in the position of cultural, economic, political, diplomatic, and military retreat—the new government can promote Western values and traditions. Such an approach, which will be well received in the
663:
called for Israel to take steps to reorder the entire Middle East. Netanyahu did not follow their advice, but Feith, Perle and Wurmser were soon urging the Bush administration to pursue those same goals. The
550:, authored by him and American fellow neocons, which aimed to aggressively remake the strategic environments of Iraq, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, and Iran. As they say in boxing circles, three down, two to go.
957:
122:
Rather than pursuing a "comprehensive peace" with the entire Arab world, Israel should work jointly with Jordan and Turkey to "contain, destabilize, and roll-back" those entities that are threats to all
126:
Changing the nature of relations with the Palestinians, specifically reserving the right of "hot pursuit" anywhere within Palestinian territory as well as attempting to promote alternatives to Arafat's
1427:
102:
The content of the report is organized into an introduction followed by six sections. The report interleaves within its main commentary text a series of "key passages of a possible speech:"
280:. Shia retain strong ties to the Hashemites: the Shia venerate foremost the Prophet's family, the direct descendants of which—and in whose veins the blood of the Prophet flows—is
612:, "transcending the Arab-Israeli conflict" altogether by forcing the Arabs to accept most, if not all, of Israel's territorial conquests and its nuclear hegemony in the region.
60:
by engaging in proxy warfare and highlighting its possession of "weapons of mass destruction". Certain parts of the policies set forth in the paper were rejected by Netanyahu.
608:
But what Perle means by "helping the peace process" is not resolving the conflict by bringing about a viable, sovereign Palestinian state but rather, as underscored in
508:-published volume, which argued (in 1999) that America's taking out Saddam would solve Israel's strategic problems and leave the Palestinians essentially helpless."
389:
Israel must rejuvenate and revitalize its moral and intellectual leadership. It is an important—if not the most important—element in the history of the Middle East.
106:
While there are those who will counsel continuity, Israel has the opportunity to make a clean break; it can forge a peace process and strategy based on an entirely
184:
soil. An effective approach, and one with which American can sympathize, would be if Israel seized the strategic initiative along its northern borders by engaging
1383:
811:
728:
263:
Since Iraq's future could affect the strategic balance in the Middle East profoundly, it would be understandable that Israel has an interest in supporting the
69:
687:
the neocons advocated tossing aside the Oslo agreements that established negotiations and demanding unconditional Palestinian acceptance of Likud's terms,
201:
paralleling Syria's behavior by establishing the precedent that Syrian territory is not immune to attacks emanating from Lebanon by Israeli proxy forces...
1735:
1094:
1629:
360:
Israel's new agenda can signal a clean break by abandoning a policy which assumed exhaustion and allowed strategic retreat by reestablishing the
573:
1415:
1258:
1144:
559:
76:
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1705:
1535:
1197:
164:
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1109:
68:
According to the report's preamble, it was written by the Study Group on a New Israeli Strategy Toward 2000, which was a part of the
432:
looks a good deal more achievable today than it did in 1996. Americans may even be persuaded to give up their lives to achieve it."
48:
with an emphasis on "Western values." It has since been criticized for advocating an aggressive new policy including the removal of
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332:
based on self-reliance, maturity and mutuality—not one focused narrowly on territorial disputes. Israel's new strategy—based on a
1530:
1015:
1695:
1455:
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warned that Feith and Perle "are walking a fine line between their loyalty to American governments ... and Israeli interests".
1410:
1064:
1700:
1690:
1349:
1319:
307:
110:, one that restores strategic initiative and provides the nation the room to engage every possible energy on rebuilding
1685:
1337:
1325:
864:
836:
329:
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993:
563:
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striking Syria's drug-money and counterfeiting infrastructure in Lebanon, all of which focuses on Razi Qanan.
258:—an important Israeli strategic objective in its own right—as a means of foiling Syria’s regional ambitions.
1405:
1177:
1160:
1091:
584:
1715:
1666:
1617:
1400:
1244:
221:
515:
pointed to the similarities between the proposed actions in the Clean Break document and the subsequent
134:"This can only be done if Israel takes serious steps to terminate aid, which prevents economic reform."
577:
1126:
1131:
1024:
938:
905:
649:
wrote in their controversial and critical "The Israel Lobby" article of March 2006, published in the
537:
486:
391:
Israel—proud, wealthy, solid, and strong— would be the basis of a truly new and peaceful Middle East.
384:
1282:
598:
590:
37:
1730:
1720:
738:
523:
pointed to the similarities between the proposals in the Clean Break document and the subsequent
1226:
651:
364:, rather than retaliation alone and by ceasing to absorb blows to the nation without response."
159:
1194:
857:
An Introduction to the Causes of War: Patterns of Interstate Conflict from World War I to Iraq
336:
of peace through strength—reflects continuity with Western values by stressing that Israel is
1148:
1041:
516:
440:
1106:
985:
978:
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Changing relations with the United States stressing self-reliance and strategic cooperation.
1422:
250:, by weakening, containing, and even rolling back Syria. This effort can focus on removing
8:
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923:
602:
436:
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962:
455:
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Certain aspects of the policies set forth in the "Clean Break" report were rejected by
33:
1012:
314:, Israel might want to consider making a special effort to reward friends and advance
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832:
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of Jordan would somehow become its ruler; and somehow this Sunni monarch would gain
642:
524:
421:
1217:
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447:,' has now been imposed by Perle, Feith, Wurmser & Co. on the United States."
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28:" report) is a policy document that was prepared in 1996 by a study group led by
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Israel can make a clean break from the past and establish a new vision for the
251:
145:
91:
49:
927:
504:, explicates the Clean Break report "through the lens of Wurmser's subsequent
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370:
341:
229:
150:
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83:
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29:
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910:
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665:
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412:
387:; it will transcend it. As a senior Iraqi opposition leader said recently:
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281:
1622:
669:
620:'s involvement. (Chalabi, an Iraqi politician, was an ardent opponent of
429:
311:
217:
45:
605:, adding later that the United States itself might have to attack Syria.
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and the report, wrote, "Their plan, which urged Israel to re-establish '
953:
450:
264:
82:
was the "Study Group Leader," but the final report included ideas from
1236:
1205:
1102:
616:
John Dizard claimed there is evidence in the Clean Break document of
569:
401:
269:
185:
735:
Neocon Middle East Policy: The 'Clean Break' Plan Damage Assessment
490:
209:
880:
798:
192:, as the principal agents of aggression in Lebanon, including by:
980:
Feet to the Fire: The Media After 9/11: Top Journalists Speak Out
181:
111:
242:
Israel can shape its strategic environment, in cooperation with
247:
243:
41:
306:
To emphasize the point that Israel regards the actions of the
212:, it is both natural and moral that Israel abandon the slogan
143:
While the previous government, and many abroad, may emphasize
1298:
277:
177:
57:
16:
Policy report prepared for the Israeli prime minister in 1996
710:
273:
255:
189:
118:
The introduction specifically proposes three new policies:
53:
822:
820:
593:
and connected it to the Clean Break report and authors:
295:"Changing the Nature of Relations with the Palestinians"
86:, James Colbert, Charles Fairbanks Jr., Jonathan Torop,
812:
Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies
729:
Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies
355:"Conclusions – Transcending the Arab-Israeli Conflict"
114:, the starting point of which must be economic reform.
70:
Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies
817:
1636:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
882:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
800:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
725:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
21:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
831:. University of South Carolina Press. p. 299.
693:
weakening, containing, and even rolling back Syria.
691:Rather than negotiations with Syria, they proposed
500:, in his 2005 non-fiction analysis of the Iraq war
410:reported in a September 2002 article published in
237:"Moving to a Traditional Balance of Power Strategy"
977:
40:. The report explained a new approach to solving
1677:
373:with a more sound footing; and to overcome its
340:in any capacity to defend it, including on the
574:Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
1630:2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu
1252:
1083:
1081:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
420:paper's authors now holding key positions in
377:, which threatens the survival of the nation.
850:
848:
780:
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77:United States Assistant Secretary of Defense
1259:
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859:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 331.
845:
759:
323:"Forging A New U.S.–Israeli Relationship"
94:, and IASPS president Robert Loewenberg.
1002:
949:
947:
826:
917:
895:
854:
707:of the Iraqi Shiites, and through them
338:self-reliant, does not need U.S. troops
1678:
1266:
1187:
1051:
695:They also advanced a wild scenario to
580:, two United States-based thinktanks.
464:still a commonplace in Washington. In
1736:Politics of the Arab–Israeli conflict
1240:
944:
713:away from Hezbollah, Iran, and Syria.
562:wrote that the report was "a kind of
1195:How Ahmed Chalabi conned the neocons
1184:from the original, December 5, 2006.
1138:
1119:
1062:Washington's Latest Middle East War
13:
1369:2018–2022 Israeli political crisis
718:
14:
1747:
1293:(1993–1996; 2006–2009; 2021–2022)
344:, and can manage its own affairs.
1662:
1661:
679:criticized the report, writing:
220:Syria, drawing attention to its
1211:
1031:
1706:Israel–United States relations
1042:Israel Makes Its 'Clean Break'
969:
873:
371:Israel's socialist foundations
172:"Securing the Northern Border"
1:
1285:(1996–1999; 2009–2021; 2022–)
752:
583:An October 2003 editorial in
1406:2023 Israeli judicial reform
984:. Prometheus Books. p.
976:Börjesson, Kristina (2005).
906:Playing skittles with Saddam
395:
44:'s security problems in the
7:
1701:Works about neoconservatism
1401:Operation Israel Guarantees
597:To properly understand the
554:
445:the principle of preemption
222:weapons of mass destruction
108:new intellectual foundation
97:
10:
1752:
1149:The Men From JINSA and CSP
578:Center for Security Policy
428:its foes by reshaping the
416:that "With several of the
1696:Israeli–Lebanese conflict
1659:
1610:
1563:
1498:
1443:
1436:
1309:
1274:
1132:The American Conservative
1067:December 5, 2006, at the
1025:The American Conservative
1013:The Worst and the Dullest
939:The American Conservative
888:January 25, 2014, at the
827:Hollings, Ernest (2009).
806:January 25, 2014, at the
538:The American Conservative
424:, the plan for Israel to
310:problematic, but not the
138:"A New Approach to Peace"
63:
1711:Foreign policy doctrines
1291:Leader of the Opposition
1283:Prime Minister of Israel
1220:by John Mearsheimer and
958:How to Talk About Israel
709:wean the south Lebanese
599:Syria Accountability Act
591:Syria Accountability Act
453:wrote in August 2003 in
330:U.S.–Israeli partnership
224:programs, and rejecting
38:Prime Minister of Israel
24:(commonly known as the "
362:principle of preemption
163:and self reliance: the
56:and the containment of
1691:Israel–Syria relations
1227:London Review of Books
855:Cashman, Greg (2007).
829:Making Government Work
716:
674:
652:London Review of Books
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614:
552:
483:
470:
393:
379:
366:
352:
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320:
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234:
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169:
160:peace through strength
116:
1726:2003 invasion of Iraq
1686:Iraq–Israel relations
1135:, September 11, 2006.
1097:May 17, 2008, at the
1092:The neocons' next war
681:
661:
626:
595:
543:
517:2003 invasion of Iraq
511:In 2006, commentator
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441:2003 invasion of Iraq
385:Arab–Israeli conflict
380:
367:
358:
347:
326:
304:
298:
287:
261:
240:
205:
180:challenges Israel on
175:
141:
104:
1384:United Arab Emirates
1180:, November 3, 2003.
914:, September 3, 2002.
1428:International trips
1164:, September 2, 2002
1028:, December 19, 2005
924:Patrick J. Buchanan
683:Instead of trading
635:Resurrecting Empire
603:The Washington Post
502:The Assassins' Gate
479:The Weekly Standard
439:, referring to the
437:Patrick J. Buchanan
214:comprehensive peace
1716:Benjamin Netanyahu
1301:(1993–1999, 2005–)
1268:Benjamin Netanyahu
1200:2007-05-14 at the
1154:2005-04-17 at the
1127:Not So Clean Break
1112:2006-08-31 at the
1105:, August 3, 2006 (
1018:2008-10-06 at the
963:The New York Times
933:2009-01-05 at the
472:Buruma continues:
456:The New York Times
34:Benjamin Netanyahu
1673:
1672:
1595:Yonatan Netanyahu
1589:Benzion Netanyahu
1559:
1558:
1299:Chairman of Likud
1088:Sidney Blumenthal
1038:Karen Kwiatkowski
966:, August 31, 2003
677:Sidney Blumenthal
532:Sidney Blumenthal
513:Karen Kwiatkowski
334:shared philosophy
1743:
1665:
1664:
1444:Likud leadership
1441:
1440:
1423:Israel–Hamas war
1356:38 (war cabinet)
1302:
1294:
1286:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1218:The Israel Lobby
1215:
1209:
1191:
1185:
1171:
1165:
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1123:
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1048:, July 15, 2006.
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983:
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941:, March 24, 2003
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824:
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689:peace for peace.
643:John Mearsheimer
633:in his new book
525:2006 Lebanon War
165:balance of power
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1750:
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1583:Avner Netanyahu
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1374:Abraham Accords
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1230:, 23 March 2006
1216:
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1202:Wayback Machine
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1156:Wayback Machine
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1114:Wayback Machine
1099:Wayback Machine
1086:
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1075:, July 25, 2006
1069:Wayback Machine
1056:
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1046:LewRockwell.com
1036:
1032:
1020:Wayback Machine
1009:Scott McConnell
1007:
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808:Wayback Machine
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719:Further reading
685:land for peace,
607:
606:
589:criticized the
567:neoconservative
557:
435:In March 2003,
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155:peace for peace
100:
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1731:1996 documents
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1721:Saddam Hussein
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1650:The Bibi Files
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1643:The Netanyahus
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1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
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1601:Iddo Netanyahu
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1577:Yair Netanyahu
1574:
1571:Sara Netanyahu
1567:
1565:
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1557:
1556:
1554:
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1548:
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1536:September 2019
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1174:Is Syria Next?
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1058:Phyllis Bennis
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994:
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902:Brian Whitaker
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866:978-0742555105
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466:Paul Wolfowitz
408:Brian Whitaker
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252:Saddam Hussein
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613:
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610:A Clean Break
604:
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548:A Clean Break
542:
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519:. Soon after
518:
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498:George Packer
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88:David Wurmser
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84:Douglas Feith
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80:Richard Perle
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31:
30:Richard Perle
27:
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1456:January 1999
1316:Governments
1225:
1222:Stephen Walt
1213:
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911:The Guardian
909:
897:
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739:Adam Shapiro
734:
708:
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701:King Hussein
696:
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684:
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647:Stephen Walt
640:
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541:wrote that:
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487:David Martin
484:
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413:The Guardian
411:
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388:
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359:
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337:
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318:among Arabs.
316:human rights
305:
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282:King Hussein
262:
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216:and move to
213:
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25:
20:
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18:
1623:Project 315
1352:(2022–2023)
1346:(2020–2021)
1340:(2015–2020)
1334:(2013–2015)
1328:(2009–2013)
1322:(1996–1999)
1310:Premiership
814:, July 2006
731:, July 2006
670:Akiva Eldar
657:Clean Break
641:Professors
430:Middle East
418:Clean Break
312:Arab people
301:sympathize.
153:, includes
127:leadership.
46:Middle East
36:, the then
26:Clean Break
1680:Categories
1531:April 2019
1178:The Nation
1161:The Nation
1145:Jason Vest
995:1591023432
954:Ian Buruma
928:Whose War?
753:References
668:columnist
586:The Nation
564:US-Israeli
560:Jason Vest
451:Ian Buruma
422:Washington
375:exhaustion
265:Hashemites
1603:(brother)
1597:(brother)
1437:Elections
1416:reactions
1206:Salon.com
1103:Salon.com
655:that the
570:manifesto
530:In 2006,
485:In 2005,
426:transcend
402:Netanyahu
396:Influence
270:Hizballah
186:Hizballah
1667:Category
1591:(father)
1411:protests
1198:Archived
1182:Archived
1152:Archived
1110:Archived
1095:Archived
1065:Archived
1016:Archived
931:Archived
886:Archived
804:Archived
666:Ha’aretz
555:Analysis
491:CBS News
210:Damascus
182:Lebanese
98:Contents
1611:Related
1499:Knesset
1389:Morocco
1379:Bahrain
1358:(2023–)
1107:reprint
741:et al.
705:control
350:reform.
218:contain
112:Zionism
75:Former
1573:(wife)
1564:Family
1125:Taki,
992:
863:
835:
745:
659:paper
459:that:
290:elite.
276:, and
248:Jordan
244:Turkey
123:three.
64:Report
42:Israel
1618:Trial
1585:(son)
1579:(son)
1394:Sudan
699:Then
278:Syria
178:Syria
58:Syria
1551:2022
1546:2021
1541:2020
1526:2015
1521:2013
1516:2009
1511:1999
1506:1996
1486:2019
1481:2014
1476:2012
1471:2007
1466:2005
1461:2002
1451:1993
990:ISBN
861:ISBN
833:ISBN
743:ISBN
711:Shia
645:and
624:.):
576:and
489:, a
274:Iran
256:Iraq
246:and
190:Iran
54:Iraq
32:for
1280:9th
986:256
506:AEI
308:PLO
1682::
1350:37
1344:35
1338:34
1332:33
1326:32
1320:27
1224:,
1204:,
1176:,
1158:,
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1129:,
1101:,
1090:,
1080:^
1071:,
1060:,
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1040:,
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1011:,
988:.
960:,
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946:^
937:,
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761:^
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527:.
404:.
272:,
157:,
90:,
72:.
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1246:v
1116:)
998:.
879:"
869:.
841:.
284:.
232:.
167:.
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