747:, p.120: "The influence of oral tradition in this passage is palpable. Classical and scriptural parallels for the over-population motif, the Arcadian description of the Scythian Canaan and the broken bridge image do suggest that Gothic migration stories had not survived uncontaminated by contact with the Mediterranean world, but they remain recognizably the tropes of oral tradition", and p. 121: "Jerome and Orosius had identified the relatively unfamiliar Goths with the Scythian
2263:
74:
20:
284:
For the place is said to be surrounded by quaking bogs and an encircling abyss, so that by this double obstacle nature has made it inaccessible. And even to-day one may hear in that neighborhood the lowing of cattle and may find traces of men, if we are to believe the stories of travellers, although
311:
The place where they first arrived is thus described not as the whole of
Scythia, which Jordanes describes in the subsequent chapter (V), but a remote and isolated part of it, where the Spali lived. The Goths coming from the Baltic crossed a bridge to get there, but when it broke, it became
341:(39) To return, then, to my subject. The aforesaid race of which I speak is known to have had Filimer as king while they remained in their first home in Scythia near Maeotis. In their second home, that is in the countries of Dacia, Thrace and Moesia,
244:
A problem with
Jordanes' account is that he dates the arrival of the Goths in Oium well before 1000 BCE (approximately 5 generations after 1490). Historians who accept Jordanes' account as partially reflecting real events do not accept this aspect.
280:
in that tongue. Here they were delighted with the great richness of the country, and it is said that when half the army had been brought over, the bridge whereby they had crossed the river fell in utter ruin, nor could anyone thereafter pass to or
477:
According to some historians, Jordanes' account of the Goths' history in Oium was constructed from his reading of earlier classical accounts and from oral tradition. According to other historians, Jordanes' narrative has little relation to
532:
For archaeologists who subscribe to the proposal that
Jordanes' account of migration from the Vistula can be seen in archaeological evidence, the Vistula archaeological culture which is proposed to represent the earlier Goths is the
407:. The bridge story itself can not be taken literally as bridges crossing major rivers were not known in this area more than 1000 years BCE. It can therefore only refer to events in a much later period. Both Herwig Wolfram and
385:
to be near the Sea of Azov, which was understood to be a marshy area in this period. Wolfram (p. 42) for example interprets
Jordanes in a straightforward way to be referring to a place on the shore of the Sea of Azov.
597:
was made by both
Heinzel and Schütte. However the attribution of places, people, and events in the saga is confused and uncertain, with multiple scholarly views on who, where, and what real things the legend refers to.
227:, since the Gepidae themselves have moved to better lands. The Vividarii are gathered from various races into this one asylum, if I may call it so, and thus they form a nation. (97) So then, as we were saying,
337:
Of course if anyone in our city says that the Goths had an origin different from that I have related, let him object. For myself, I prefer to believe what I have read, rather than put trust in old wives'
458:-like Gothic songs, and the lost work of Ablabius. He also specifically expressed his preference for written sources in defending this Oium account against legends he had encountered in
312:
impossible to cross back and forth anymore. Returning to his narrative, Jordanes described the area where
Filimer subsequently moved his people and settled as being near the
663:, p.120: "The term may, of course, have been a simple invention of Jordanes or Cassiodorus, intended to lend a witty verisimilitude to a knowingly derivative origin myth."
579:
with its account of Gothic legendary history and of battles with the Huns, with historical place names in
Ukraine from 150 to 450 AD, This places the Goths' capital
122:
It is generally assumed that the story reproduced by
Jordanes contains a historical core, although several scholars have suggested that parts of it are fictional.
937:
212:
XVII (96) These
Gepidae were then smitten by envy while they dwelt in the province of Spesis on an island surrounded by the shallow waters of the
1093:
Getica: Untersuchungen zum Leben des
Jordanes und zur frühen Geschichte des Jordanes und zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte der germanischen Völker
320:(38) We read that on their first migration the Goths dwelt in the land of Scythia near Lake Maeotis . On the second migration they went to
391:
224:
1173:
765:(2006). "Gothic history as historical ethnography" and Origo et religio: ethnic traditions and literature in early medieval texts". In
296:, joined battle with them and won the victory. Thence the victors hastened to the farthest part of Scythia, which is near the sea of
175:
146:
2220:
2238:
753:
of ancient historiography.... In the wake of this authority, the identification of Oium could be made with little comment".
2302:
197:'water'. This is seen as consistent with the description Jordanes gave of the Goths delight in this region's fertility.
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1319:
1124:
1101:
1078:
1031:
1005:
968:
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1073:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Distributed by Harvard University Press for the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute,
288:(28) This part of the Goths, which is said to have crossed the river and entered with Filimer into the country of
2243:
1451:
316:, noting that there are verbal legends around about Gothic origins, but that he prefers to trust what he reads:
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1501:
1306:
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and corresponds with the extent of Gothic-influenced Scythia as known from 3rd and 4th century contemporaries.
1382:
1087:
415:
231:, king of the Gepidae, stirred up his quiet people to enlarge their boundaries by war. He overwhelmed the
2248:
1261:
813:, p. 295"It is a mistake to think that any of the material in the Getica comes from oral tradition."
1414:
1409:
353:
in a second migration to Moesia, Dacia and Thrace, but they eventually returned, settling north of the
2266:
1446:
1353:
1346:
1324:
1159:
1146:
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and Ukraine. This is to the west of the Dnieper, and not near Southern Russia where Wagner believed
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Jordanes describes another place with a similar name — the place where the Goths' relatives the
2003:
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also, a famous chronicler of the Gothic race, confirms this in his most trustworthy account.
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reigned, whom many writers of annals mention as a man of remarkable learning in philosophy.
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292:, came into possession of the desired land, and there they soon came upon the race of the
8:
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269:— he decided that the army of the Goths with their families should move from that region.
201:
56:
470:, that he had started the work with the aim of summarizing a far larger work written by
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300:; for so the story is generally told in their early songs, in almost historic fashion.
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On the identification of Oium with the Sintana de Mures/Chernyakhov culture-area see
770:
1810:
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152:
and which means 'well-watered meadow' or 'island'. (The same noun is also found in
46:
466:, Jordanes also explained in his prefaces to it and his other surviving work, the
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Jordanes does not give an etymology, but many scholars interpret this word as a
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983:, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, Auctores antiquissimi 5 (in Latin)
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Basin, moved towards, influenced, and began to culturally dominate, peoples in
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272:(27) In search of suitable homes and pleasant places they came to the land of
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332:, and after their third they dwelt again in Scythia, above the Sea of Pontus.
1954:
454:
As explained above, Jordanes represented his story as being consistent with
1546:
1536:
1519:
1336:
553:, propose that this did not require significant amounts of people to move.
537:. The account of Jordanes fits with the interpretation of the Wielbark and
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1986:
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1822:
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482:, no relation to oral traditions and little relation to actual history.
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originate.) This noun is generally derived from the Proto-Germanic word
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357:. Upon their return, they were divided under two ruling dynasties. The
235:, almost annihilating them, and conquered a number of other races also.
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http://romanianhistoryandculture.webs.com/getodaciaandthegoths.htm
156:, the Latinised name of an island in Northern Europe mentioned in
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963:, vol. 22 (2 ed.), Walter de Gruyter, pp. 38–39,
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549:. Some of the historians who agree with this scenario, such as
403:, that the uncrossable river with a broken bridge might be the
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998:
The Visigoths from the Migration Period to the Seventh Century
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1119:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
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1800:
1142:
The original text by Jordanes with translation and comments
821:
819:
792:
462:. Concerning the larger work where this story appears, the
307:(29) Some of the ancient writers also agree with the tale.
216:. This island they called, in the speech of their fathers,
265:, son of Gadaric, reigned as king — about the fifth since
726:
438:, as representing the "river" which needed to be crossed
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But when the number of the people increased greatly and
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or Rokitno marshes in the area of the modern border of
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was, and so Wagner saw this area, which contains the
804:
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we must grant that they hear these things from afar.
666:
637:
506:as a source for details about real Gothic origins.
914:Cassiodorus, Jordanes and the History of the Goths
399:, for example, proposes, based upon a proposal by
253:Mierow's translation of the one short passage in
2279:
939:Language and history in the early Germanic world
902:People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy 489-554
418:, the RGA suggests that the marshes surrounding
987:
842:
411:see the bridge story as likely to be symbolic.
223:; but it is now inhabited by the race of the
1167:
942:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
93:, or a fertile part of it, roughly in modern
185:
1198:origin primarily identified as speakers of
1043:Jordanes. The Origin and Deeds of the Goths
960:Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde
907:
732:
689:
392:Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde
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1160:
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798:
1055:Mierow, Charles Christopher, ed. (1915),
767:From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms
1021:
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956:
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660:
376:
72:
18:
16:Gothic area of Scythia in modern Ukraine
2239:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
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1024:History and Geography in Late Antiquity
995:
988:Heather, Peter; Matthews, John (1991),
882:
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625:
257:IV, which mentions Oium is as follows:
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1096:, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG,
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349:According to Jordanes, the Goths left
1155:
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769:. Ed. Thomas F. X. Noble, Routledge,
648:
541:, in which Germanic peoples from the
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134:plural to a noun, widespread in the
13:
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490:Historians such as Peter Heather,
14:
2314:
1135:
125:
81: Chernyakhov culture, 4th c.
2262:
2261:
1040:Mierow, Charles C., ed. (1908),
977:Jordanes (1882), Mommsen (ed.),
563:Hervarar saga § Historicity
190:'river'), which is cognate with
2244:Christianization of Scandinavia
831:
756:
502:have criticized the use of the
181:'water; stream, river' (whence
2234:Christianization of the Franks
1307:Continental Germanic mythology
1058:The Gothic History of Jordanes
738:
715:
695:
654:
485:
1:
936:Green, Dennis Howard (1998).
618:
381:Jordanes himself understands
239:
1022:Merrills, Andrew H. (2005),
1014:Kulikowski, Michael (2006),
843:Heather & Matthews (1991
517:culture, contained parts of
200:As mentioned for example by
7:
2249:Christianization of Iceland
990:Goths in the Fourth Century
601:
513:, which is also called the
248:
10:
2319:
2303:Ancient history of Ukraine
892:
845:, pp. 50–52, 88–92),
560:
474:, which has not survived.
166:, from which the names of
2298:Historiography of Ukraine
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2219:
1500:
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1252:
1206:
1189:
996:Heather, Peter J (1999),
957:Günnewig (2003), "Oium",
414:Based upon a proposal by
101:, under a legendary King
1487:North Germanic languages
1472:Germanic parent language
1061:, Princeton, Univ. Press
1026:, Cambridge University,
1000:, Boydell & Brewer,
789:, pp. 36 & 292.
498:, A. S. Christensen and
105:, settled after leaving
59:in the early 4th century
49:in the early 3rd century
2293:Gothic cities and towns
1492:West Germanic languages
1482:East Germanic languages
1477:Proto-Germanic language
1297:Proto-Germanic folklore
1234:Romano-Germanic culture
919:Museum Tusculanum Press
900:Amory, Patrick (1997),
186:
1046:, Princeton University
909:Christensen, Arne Søby
711:, translated by Mierow
509:Archaeologically, the
119:, written around 551.
83:
70:
1302:Anglo-Saxon mythology
1192:Ethnolinguistic group
841:, pp. 167–168),
593:). The connection to
377:The identified places
76:
22:
1116:History of the Goths
539:Chernyakhov cultures
2229:Gothic Christianity
511:Chernyakhov culture
109:, according to the
57:Chernyakhov culture
1612:Germani cisrhenani
1320:Funerary practices
1224:Pre-Roman Iron Age
1200:Germanic languages
1016:Rome's Gothic Wars
569:The origin of Rus'
500:Michael Kulikowski
361:were ruled by the
163:Naturalis historia
136:Germanic languages
84:
71:
2275:
2274:
1447:Gothic and Vandal
1239:Germanic Iron Age
1214:Nordic Bronze Age
1196:Northern European
1071:The origin of Rus
849:, pp. 62–63)
801:, pp. 50–51.
634:, chapter IV (25)
450:Jordanes' sources
395:(RGA) article on
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1811:Ripuarian Franks
1183:Germanic peoples
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735:, p. 305.
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492:Walter Goffart
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460:Constantinople
451:
448:
416:Norbert Wagner
409:Walter Goffart
401:Herwig Wolfram
378:
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309:
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143:reconstruction
140:Proto-Germanic
127:
126:Name etymology
124:
77:
61:
51:
41:
32:
23:
15:
9:
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2027:
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2017:
2015:
2012:
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2005:
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1997:
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1853:Crimean Goths
1851:
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1844:
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1816:Salian Franks
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1254:Early culture
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1128:
1126:0-520-05259-5
1122:
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1103:9783111381671
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1080:0-674-64465-4
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1033:0-521-84601-3
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1007:0-85115-762-9
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970:9783110173512
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949:0-521-79423-4
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928:9788772897103
924:
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884:
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872:
867:
861:, p. 16.
860:
855:
848:
844:
840:
834:
828:, p. 66.
827:
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812:
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783:
776:
775:0-415-32741-5
772:
768:
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746:
745:Merrills 2005
741:
734:
729:
723:
722:Merrills 2005
718:
710:
709:
704:
698:
691:
686:
679:
678:Günnewig 2003
674:
672:
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661:Merrills 2005
657:
650:
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624:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
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592:
588:
584:
583:
578:
577:Hervarar saga
575:connects the
574:
570:
564:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
505:
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497:
496:Patrick Geary
493:
483:
481:
480:Cassiodorus's
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
447:
445:
441:
437:
436:Pripyat River
433:
429:
425:
422:could be the
421:
417:
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402:
398:
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384:
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108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
75:
68:
58:
48:
39:
30:
21:
1547:Anglo-Saxons
1537:Adrabaecampi
1520:Bucinobantes
1262:Architecture
1115:
1092:
1070:
1057:
1042:
1023:
1015:
997:
989:
979:
959:
938:
913:
901:
883:Pritsak 1981
878:
871:Pritsak 1981
866:
859:Heather 1999
854:
833:
806:
794:
782:
777:, pp. 43-90.
766:
758:
748:
740:
728:
717:
707:
697:
685:
656:
627:
594:
590:
580:
576:
568:
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489:
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453:
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419:
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254:
252:
243:
219:
217:
199:
194:
177:
162:
153:
148:
129:
121:
110:
107:Gothiscandza
97:, where the
86:
85:
67:Roman Empire
1987:Nahanarvali
1910:Hilleviones
1823:Frisiavones
1691:Cananefates
1681:Burgundians
1592:Banochaemae
1442:Anglo-Saxon
1393:Anglo-Saxon
1359:Anglo-Saxon
1342:Anglo-Saxon
1325:Anglo-Saxon
839:Green (1998
632:Mierow 1908
486:Archaeology
472:Cassiodorus
314:Sea of Azov
233:Burgundians
168:Scandinavia
2282:Categories
2206:Vinoviloth
1994:Marcomanni
1977:Helveconae
1955:Heaðobards
1925:Istvaeones
1915:Ingaevones
1900:Hermunduri
1868:Ostrogoths
1858:Greuthungi
1736:Chattuarii
1562:Angrivarii
1557:Ampsivarii
1525:Lentienses
1354:Literature
1244:Viking Age
811:Amory 1997
787:Amory 1997
649:Green 1998
619:References
367:Ostrogoths
240:Chronology
154:Scatinauia
2201:Vidivarii
2196:Victohali
2186:Vangiones
2119:Thuringii
2024:Nuithones
1920:Irminones
1883:Visigoths
1873:Thervingi
1833:Gambrivii
1786:Dulgubnii
1781:Dauciones
1731:Chasuarii
1671:Brondings
1597:Bastarnae
1587:Baiuvarii
1567:Armalausi
1530:Raetovari
1464:Languages
1432:Symbology
1292:Folklore
1287:Festivals
608:Ermanaric
359:Visigoths
355:Black Sea
276:, called
225:Vividarii
2267:Category
2174:Hasdingi
2159:Usipetes
2139:Tubantes
2124:Toxandri
2104:Tencteri
2079:Suarines
2064:Sicambri
2059:Semnones
2039:Reudigni
2009:Mattiaci
1999:Marsacii
1950:Lombards
1940:Lacringi
1935:Juthungi
1766:Corconti
1751:Cherusci
1726:Charudes
1706:Chaedini
1676:Bructeri
1661:Bateinoi
1632:Eburones
1627:Condrusi
1622:Caeroesi
1617:Atuatuci
1552:Ambrones
1515:Brisgavi
1510:Alemanni
1388:Paganism
1277:Clothing
1272:Calendar
1219:Germania
1113:(1988).
1090:(1967),
1069:(1981),
911:(2002).
703:Jordanes
602:See also
582:Árheimar
440:en route
365:and the
343:Zalmoxes
302:Ablabius
249:Jordanes
138:, whose
117:Jordanes
29:Götaland
2191:Varisci
2179:Silingi
2169:Vandals
2144:Tulingi
2134:Triboci
2129:Treveri
2109:Teutons
2099:Taifals
2074:Sitones
2014:Nemetes
1972:Helisii
1945:Lemovii
1863:Gutones
1796:Firaesi
1791:Favonae
1771:Cugerni
1761:Cobandi
1716:Chamavi
1711:Chaemae
1701:Casuari
1696:Caritni
1666:Betasii
1637:Paemani
1572:Auiones
1437:Warfare
1415:Scripts
1383:Numbers
1207:History
893:Sources
547:Ukraine
543:Vistula
527:Romania
523:Moldova
519:Ukraine
456:history
428:Belarus
424:Pripyat
405:Dnieper
369:by the
274:Scythia
263:Filimer
229:Fastida
214:Vistula
208:lived:
103:Filimer
95:Ukraine
91:Scythia
38:Gotland
2211:Warini
2164:Vagoth
2149:Tungri
2114:Thelir
2094:Swedes
2089:Sunici
2054:Saxons
2049:Rugini
1982:Manimi
1967:Diduni
1905:Heruli
1843:Gepids
1828:Frisii
1806:Franks
1756:Cimbri
1746:Chauci
1741:Chatti
1654:Nervii
1649:Morini
1607:Belgae
1602:Batavi
1577:Avarpi
1542:Angles
1502:Groups
1452:Viking
1398:Gothic
1376:Gothic
1282:Family
1123:
1100:
1077:
1050:e-text
1030:
1004:
980:Getica
967:
946:
925:
773:
591:Danpar
587:Dniepr
504:Getica
468:Romana
464:Getica
338:tales.
326:Thrace
322:Moesia
298:Pontus
255:Getica
206:Gepids
183:Gothic
172:Scania
132:dative
112:Getica
79:
65:
63:
55:
53:
45:
43:
36:
34:
27:
25:
2288:Goths
2084:Suebi
2069:Sciri
2044:Rugii
2034:Quadi
2019:Njars
2004:Marsi
1962:Lugii
1930:Jutes
1895:Harii
1890:Gutes
1848:Goths
1838:Geats
1776:Danes
1721:Chali
1642:Segni
1582:Baemi
1425:Runes
1410:Rings
1403:Norse
1371:Names
1364:Norse
1347:Norse
1330:Norse
750:Getae
371:Amali
363:Balþi
330:Dacia
294:Spali
267:Berig
218:Geped
192:Latin
99:Goths
2154:Ubii
1801:Fosi
1686:Buri
1121:ISBN
1098:ISBN
1075:ISBN
1028:ISBN
1002:ISBN
965:ISBN
944:ISBN
923:ISBN
771:ISBN
595:Oium
525:and
444:Oium
432:Oium
420:Oium
397:Oium
389:The
383:Oium
351:Oium
328:and
290:Oium
281:fro.
278:Oium
220:oios
195:aqua
178:ahwō
170:and
149:awjō
87:Oium
2029:Osi
1337:Law
1267:Art
1194:of
567:In
442:to
187:aƕa
160:'s
145:is
115:by
2284::
921:.
917:.
818:^
705:,
668:^
639:^
571:,
521:,
494:,
446:.
373:.
324:,
1314:)
1175:e
1168:t
1161:v
1129:.
952:.
931:.
692:.
680:.
589:(
176:*
147:*
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
