38:
161:
926:
878:
438:
457:
449:
497:) in order to revise and codify the Laws of Wales. The story in the prologues lengthens with time, with more details in the later versions of the prologue. It seems highly unlikely that this meeting actually took place, with the purpose of the prologues being to emphasise the royal and Christian origin and background to the laws, and that in the face of criticism of the laws from outside Wales especially during
258:"Good") refers to the fact that his laws were just and good. The historian Dafydd Jenkins sees in them compassion rather than punishment, plenty of common sense and recognition of the rights of women. Hywel Dda was a well-educated man even by modern standards, having a good knowledge of
339:, became steward of his kingdom. This gave Rhodri no standing to claim the kingship of Seisyllwg himself, but he was able to install his son Cadell as a subject king. Cadell died around 911, and his lands in Seisyllwg appear to have been divided between his two sons Hywel and Clydog.
351:. No king is recorded after the death of Llywarch in 904, and Hywel's marriage to Llywarch's only surviving heir probably ensured that the kingdom came into his hands. Hywel and Clydog seem to have ruled Seisyllwg together following their father's death and jointly submitted to
382:
of
England. From the outset Æthelstan's intention was to secure the submission of all other kings in Britain; unusually, Hywel embraced submission to England and used it to his advantage whenever possible. In 934, Hywel supported
281:("Hywel House" or "Hywel's House") in honour of Hywel Dda. The original assembly chamber, now known as Siambr Hywel ("Hywel's Chamber"), is used for educational courses and for children and young people's debates. The
1171:
429:
moneyer Gillys in about 946. As there is only one, it is unlikely that it is the sole survivor of a Welsh coinage and it was probably produced as a gesture by the
English to the Welsh king.
565:
in 937. No Welsh forces joined this alliance, and this may well have been because of the influence of Hywel. On the other hand, neither did he send troops to support Æthelstan.
370:, becoming the first Welsh prince to undertake such a trip and return, Hywel's wife Elen (death maybe 948 or 951), the daughter of Llywarch (d. 903), and granddaughter of King
505:. Nevertheless, his name continued to be associated with Welsh law which remained in active use throughout Wales until the appointed date of implementation of the
1134:
387:. Later in his reign, he was able to leverage his close association with Æthelstan and the English crown to great effect in his ambitions within Wales.
302:
359:
in 918. However, Clydog died in 920, evidently leaving the whole realm to Hywel. Hywel soon joined
Seisyllwg and Dyfed into a single realm known as
479:). None of the law manuscripts can be dated to Hywel's time, but Hywel's name is mentioned in the prologues to the laws, and are also known as the
402:. Idwal and his brother Elisedd were both killed in battle in 942 against Edmund's forces. By normal custom Idwal's crown should have passed to
242:
Hywel is highly esteemed among other medieval Welsh rulers. His name is particularly linked with the codification of traditional
464:
Following Hywel's death in 949 or 950, his kingdom was soon split into three. Gwynedd was reclaimed by the sons of Idwal Foel,
384:
285:, covering an area roughly corresponding to the kingdoms of Dyfed and Seisyllwg of which Hywel was King, also bears his name.
963:
532:
suggests that it may have been the action of a pragmatist who recognised the realities of power in mid-10th century
Britain.
1415:
1214:
753:
475:
Hywel's name is associated with the laws of medieval Wales, which are commonly known as the Laws of Hywel Dda (Welsh:
282:
20:
1063:
506:
1435:
1430:
553:
during Hywel's reign, called for the Welsh to join a confederation of all the non-English peoples of
Britain and
203:
in 920 and shortly thereafter established
Deheubarth, and proceeded to gain control over the entire country from
1084:
1077:
Armes
Prydein: "The Prophecy of Britain", from the Book of Taliesin (Welsh – Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series)
990:
1425:
1100:
1035:
1355:
1445:
1335:
951:
410:
into exile and established himself as ruler over
Gwynedd, which also probably placed him in control of the
483:. These describe how Hywel gathered expert lawyers and priests from each commote in Wales together in the
561:. The poem may be linked to the alliance of Norse and Celtic kingdoms which challenged Æthelstan at the
414:, which was under the authority of Gwynedd. As such Hywel became king of nearly all of Wales except for
1450:
1440:
1311:
356:
1210:
1420:
1280:
1105:
1040:
714:
1390:
1053:
502:
310:
208:
1121:
37:
1048:
398:, determined to cast off English overlordship and took up arms against the new English king,
336:
562:
520:
Opinions vary as to the motives for Hywel's close association with the court of Æthelstan.
415:
320:, which connection was subsequently used to justify his family's reign over that kingdom.
8:
1410:
1304:
1253:
313:
224:
1383:
1365:
1228:
577:
442:
328:
114:
229:
1190:
1080:
1009:
986:
959:
529:
521:
347:
Hywel probably already controlled Dyfed by the time he assumed his father's lands in
106:
1328:
1263:
1139:
419:
411:
375:
352:
317:
306:
305:, who was probably the younger of the two. Hywel was later reputed to have married
294:
267:
235:
220:
216:
152:
142:
1151:
1095:
1030:
1013:
1369:
636:
583:
437:
395:
160:
119:
403:
1373:
1294:
1143:
1052:
611:
589:
536:
493:
488:
476:
259:
247:
124:
43:
1404:
1290:
1072:
982:
605:
546:
541:
465:
323:
Hywel's father Cadell had been installed as King of
Seisyllwg by his father,
79:
1126:
498:
1159:
379:
378:, died the same year. Upon his return he forged very close relations with
956:
Coinage in Tenth-Century
England: From Edward the Elder to Edgar's Reform
514:
335:, in 872. After Gwgon's death, Rhodri, husband to the dead king's sister
324:
212:
1195:
278:
1273:
1246:
1203:
1058:
550:
510:
456:
391:
360:
348:
192:
69:
298:
243:
204:
200:
191:
in English, was a Welsh king who ruled the southern Welsh kingdom of
1015:
A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest
632:
399:
331:, following the drowning of the last king in the traditional line,
614: – Codification of Welsh laws from the time of King Hywel Dda
608: – Welsh-language manuscript of the 1300s recording Welsh law
1019:
554:
448:
426:
371:
137:
19:
This article is about the Welsh king. For the health board, see
1067:. Vol. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 105–107.
866:
558:
525:
425:
A single coin in Hywel's name is known. It was produced by the
274:
42:
Mid-13th century depiction of Hywel Dda in a Latin copy of the
513:
of England who asserted his royal descent by blood-line from
469:
407:
332:
263:
196:
1096:"HYWEL DDA (Hywel the Good) (died 950), king and legislator"
732:
452:
A Welsh text of the Laws of Hywel Dda from the 14th century
367:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
854:
830:
363:. This became the first significant event of his reign.
806:
796:
794:
792:
764:
697:
695:
693:
460:
Imaginary portrait of Hywel Dda by Hugh Williams, 1909
914:
472:, while Deheubarth was divided between Hywel's sons.
1172:"Peniarth 28: a Latin text of the Laws of Hywel Dda"
842:
818:
1031:"IAGO ab IDWAL FOEL (fl. 942–979), king of Gwynedd"
789:
690:
678:
890:
902:
1402:
949:
872:
1000:Kirby, D. P. (1976). "Hywel Dda: Anglophile?".
366:During the year 928 Hywel made a pilgrimage to
1132:Thornton, David (2004). "Hywel Dda (d. 950)".
273:The office building and original home of the
1138:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
573:Hywel and Elen had the following children:
754:"Hywel Dda ap Cadell, King of the Britons"
223:branch of the dynasty. He was recorded as
36:
1079:. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
406:, but Hywel intervened. He sent Iago and
1093:
1071:
932:
673:
455:
447:
436:
159:
1135:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
958:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
631:which is thought to have been close to
164:Map of the extent of Hywel Dda's power
1403:
1202:. Oxford: Clarendon Press – via
1028:
972:
896:
884:
748:
746:
701:
684:
283:local health board of south-west Wales
246:, which were thenceforth known as the
1008:
999:
920:
908:
860:
848:
836:
824:
812:
800:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
169: Deheubarth, Hywel Dda's Kingdom
1215:Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
1047:
783:
195:and eventually came to rule most of
743:
733:"Hywel Dda University Health Board"
309:(893-943), the supposed heiress of
13:
1350:Created out of Dyfed and Seisyllwg
1114:
652:
53:Prince of Seisyllwg and Deheubarth
14:
1462:
21:Hywel Dda University Health Board
1064:Dictionary of National Biography
524:claimed Hywel was an admirer of
385:Æthelstan's invasion of Scotland
51:King of Gwynedd, Dyfed and Powys
625:
250:. The latter part of his name (
175: Combine to form Morgannwg
16:King of Gwynedd from 942 to 950
873:Blunt, Stewart & Lyon 1989
725:
707:
1:
1101:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
1094:Williams, Stephen J. (1959).
1036:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
1029:Pierce, Thomas Jonas (1959).
645:
288:
199:. He became the sole king of
101:Elen ferch Llywarch (893-943)
1152:UK public library membership
1018:. Vol. 1 (2 ed.).
507:Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542
219:, Hywel was a member of the
7:
1416:10th-century Welsh monarchs
599:
568:
10:
1467:
1197:The Laws of Howel the Good
942:
293:Hywel was the son of King
18:
1388:
1380:
1362:
1353:
1344:
1333:
1325:
1318:
1309:
1301:
1287:
1278:
1270:
1260:
1251:
1243:
1222:
1106:National Library of Wales
1041:National Library of Wales
1020:Longmans, Green & Co.
432:
148:
136:
105:
97:
89:
85:
75:
65:
57:
50:
35:
30:
1194:
1122:Chronicle of the Princes
954:; Lyon, Stewart (1989).
618:
549:to have been written in
503:Archbishop of Canterbury
342:
1049:Tout, Thomas Frederick
1002:Welsh Historical Review
715:"Tŷ Hywel event spaces"
441:Statue of Hywel Dda at
1436:Monarchs of Deheubarth
1431:Monarchs of Ceredigion
1144:10.1093/ref:odnb/13968
1023:Lloyd history of Wales
492:
461:
453:
445:
390:In 942 Hywel's cousin
327:(Rhodri the Great) of
187:, which translates to
177:
973:Davies, John (1999).
459:
451:
440:
211:. As a descendant of
163:
1426:Medieval legislators
1356:Prince of Deheubarth
950:Blunt, Christopher;
721:. 24 September 2020.
563:Battle of Brunanburh
545:, considered by Sir
301:. He had a brother,
183:, commonly known as
1446:Monarchs of Gwynedd
1336:Prince of Seisyllwg
1305:Llywarch ap Hyfaidd
1254:King of the Britons
1004:(8 ed.): 1–13.
863:, pp. 337–338.
839:, pp. 335–336.
815:, pp. 333–334.
786:, pp. 105–107.
314:Llywarch ap Hyfaidd
307:Elen ferch Llywarch
225:King of the Britons
215:through his father
1384:Llywelyn ap Merfyn
1366:Owain ap Hywel Dda
1229:House of Aberffraw
1160:"Hywel dda centre"
1010:Lloyd, John Edward
760:. 2 November 2023.
462:
454:
446:
443:City Hall, Cardiff
178:
115:Owain ap Hywel Dda
1451:Monarchs of Powys
1441:Monarchs of Dyfed
1399:
1398:
1363:Succeeded by
1288:Succeeded by
1261:Succeeded by
1191:Wade-Evans, A. W.
1150:(Subscription or
1054:"Howel Dda"
965:978-0-19-726060-9
530:David Peter Kirby
257:
248:Laws of Hywel Dda
158:
157:
44:Laws of Hywel Dda
1458:
1421:House of Dinefwr
1381:Preceded by
1329:Cadell ap Rhodri
1326:Preceded by
1320:Kingdoms merged
1302:Preceded by
1271:Preceded by
1264:Dyfnwal ab Owain
1244:Preceded by
1239:
1220:
1219:
1207:
1201:
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1184:
1182:
1167:
1155:
1147:
1109:
1090:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1025:
1005:
996:
979:History of Wales
969:
936:
930:
924:
923:, pp. 1–13.
918:
912:
906:
900:
894:
888:
882:
876:
870:
864:
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741:
740:
729:
723:
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711:
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688:
682:
676:
671:
639:
629:
412:Kingdom of Powys
376:Kingdom of Dyfed
353:Edward the Elder
303:Clydog ap Cadell
295:Cadell ap Rhodri
255:
236:Annals of Ulster
174:
168:
153:Cadell ap Rhodri
40:
28:
27:
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1465:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1401:
1400:
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1376:
1372:
1370:Rhodri ap Hywel
1368:
1359:
1351:
1348:
1339:
1331:
1315:
1307:
1297:
1293:
1284:
1281:King of Gwynedd
1276:
1266:
1257:
1249:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1189:
1180:
1178:
1170:
1164:hywel-dda.co.uk
1158:
1149:
1131:
1125:, p. 20–25, at
1117:
1115:Further reading
1112:
1087:
993:
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819:
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737:hduhb.nhs.wales
731:
730:
726:
713:
712:
708:
700:
691:
683:
679:
672:
653:
648:
643:
642:
637:Carmarthenshire
630:
626:
621:
602:
571:
517:via Hywel Dda.
435:
396:King of Gwynedd
345:
291:
230:Annales Cambriæ
181:Hywel ap Cadell
176:
172:
170:
166:
132:
120:Rhodri ap Hywel
52:
46:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1433:
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1423:
1418:
1413:
1397:
1396:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1374:Edwin ap Hywel
1364:
1361:
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1349:
1342:
1341:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1308:
1303:
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1295:Ieuaf ab Idwal
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1111:
1110:
1091:
1085:
1073:Williams, Ifor
1069:
1045:
1026:
1006:
997:
991:
970:
964:
946:
944:
941:
938:
937:
925:
913:
901:
889:
877:
875:, p. 138.
865:
853:
851:, p. 336.
841:
829:
827:, p. 334.
817:
805:
803:, p. 333.
788:
763:
742:
724:
706:
689:
677:
650:
649:
647:
644:
641:
640:
623:
622:
620:
617:
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615:
612:Cyfraith Hywel
609:
601:
598:
597:
596:
593:
587:
581:
570:
567:
539:poem entitled
537:Welsh-language
494:Tŷ Gwyn ar Daf
477:Cyfraith Hywel
434:
431:
422:in the south.
344:
341:
290:
287:
189:Howel the Good
171:
165:
156:
155:
150:
146:
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140:
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125:Edwin ap Hywel
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1393:
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1391:King of Powys
1385:
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1367:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1314:
1313:
1312:King of Dyfed
1306:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:Iago ab Idwal
1283:
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1176:library.wales
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984:
983:Penguin books
980:
976:
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933:Williams 1972
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728:
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710:
704:, p. 86.
703:
698:
696:
694:
687:, p. 85.
686:
681:
675:
674:Williams 1959
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
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651:
638:
634:
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606:NLW MS 20143A
604:
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579:
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557:to fight the
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547:Ifor Williams
544:
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542:Armes Prydein
538:
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531:
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523:
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504:
501:'s period as
500:
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495:
490:
486:
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481:Code of Dyfed
478:
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80:Iago ab Idwal
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39:
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29:
26:
22:
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1196:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1163:
1133:
1127:Google Books
1120:
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978:
974:
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952:Stewart, Ian
928:
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736:
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719:senedd.wales
718:
709:
680:
627:
572:
540:
534:
519:
499:John Peckham
484:
480:
474:
463:
424:
389:
365:
346:
322:
292:
272:
251:
241:
234:
228:
188:
184:
180:
179:
25:
1181:19 December
1059:Lee, Sidney
975:Hanes Cymru
935:, p. .
897:Davies 1999
887:, p. .
885:Pierce 1959
702:Davies 1999
685:Davies 1999
522:J. E. Lloyd
515:Rhodri Mawr
325:Rhodri Mawr
213:Rhodri Mawr
66:Predecessor
1411:950 deaths
1405:Categories
1274:Idwal Foel
1247:Idwal Foel
1224:Hywel Dda
1204:Wikisource
1154:required.)
1086:0901282561
992:0140125701
921:Kirby 1976
909:Lloyd 1912
861:Lloyd 1912
849:Lloyd 1912
837:Lloyd 1912
825:Lloyd 1912
813:Lloyd 1912
801:Lloyd 1912
646:References
551:Deheubarth
511:Henry VIII
487:in Dyfed (
485:White Land
392:Idwal Foel
361:Deheubarth
349:Ceredigion
289:Early life
193:Deheubarth
70:Idwal Foel
1346:New title
784:Tout 1891
595:Angharad.
416:Morgannwg
380:Æthelstan
299:Seisyllwg
277:is named
244:Welsh law
205:Prestatyn
201:Seisyllwg
185:Hywel Dda
76:Successor
31:Hywel Dda
1395:942–950
1360:909–950
1316:905–909
1285:942–950
1258:942–950
1193:(1909).
1075:(1972).
1051:(1891).
1012:(1912).
758:geni.com
633:Whitland
600:See also
569:Children
528:, while
509:of King
404:his sons
337:Angharad
279:Tŷ Hywel
233:and the
209:Pembroke
129:Angharad
1211:Hywel 2
1061:(ed.).
981:].
943:Sources
555:Ireland
427:Chester
374:of the
372:Hyfaidd
357:England
329:Gwynedd
268:English
227:in the
221:Dinefwr
143:Dinefwr
61:942–950
1234:
1199:
1148:
1083:
989:
962:
584:Rhodri
559:Saxons
526:Wessex
433:Legacy
400:Edmund
275:Senedd
217:Cadell
173:
167:
149:Father
98:Spouse
1236:Died:
1057:. In
977:[
619:Notes
590:Edwin
578:Owain
489:Welsh
470:Ieuaf
420:Gwent
408:Ieuaf
343:Reign
333:Gwgon
318:Dyfed
264:Latin
260:Welsh
197:Wales
138:House
107:Issue
58:Reign
1340:909
1183:2021
1081:ISBN
987:ISBN
960:ISBN
468:and
466:Iago
418:and
368:Rome
311:King
266:and
256:lit.
90:Died
1238:950
1213:at
1140:doi
355:of
316:of
297:of
252:Dda
207:to
93:950
1407::
1174:.
1162:.
1104:.
1098:.
1039:.
1033:.
985:.
791:^
766:^
756:.
745:^
735:.
717:.
692:^
654:^
635:,
535:A
491::
394:,
270:.
262:,
254:,
239:.
1206:.
1185:.
1166:.
1146:.
1142::
1108:.
1089:.
1043:.
995:.
968:.
911:.
899:.
739:.
592:;
586:;
580:;
23:.
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