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has established it as one of the key observational probes of cluster cosmology. Zeldovich contributed sharp insights into the nature of the large scale structure of the universe, in particular, through the use of
Lagrangian perturbation theory (the Zeldovich approximation) and the application of the
1712:
1415:, and Khariton, Zeldovich prepared a scientific report on the feasibility of releasing energy through nuclear fusion triggered by an atomic explosion, and presented it to Igor Kurchatov. Zeldovich had benefitted from physical and technical knowledge provided by German physicist
1214:. He was regarded as having a remarkably versatile intellect, and during his life he explored and made major contributions to a wide range of scientific endeavors. From a given opportunity in May 1931, he secured an appointment as a laboratory assistant at the
470:
451:
1605:
were the first to propose searching for black hole candidates among binary systems in which one star is optically bright and X-ray dark and the other optically dark but X-ray bright (the black hole candidate).
3692:
1530:
1473:, although the two groups worked in parallel on the development of the thermonuclear fusion. However, it was Sakharov that radically changed the approach to thermonuclear fusion, aided by
3647:
2389:
3702:
1222:, and remained associated with the institute for the remainder of his life. As a laboratory assistant, he received preliminary instructions on the topics involved in the
1462:
and others. In the course of his work on nuclear weapons, Zeldovich did ground-breaking work in radiation hydrodynamics, and the physics of matter at high pressure.
1345:; these accounted for features which had not previously been correctly predicted, observed, nor explained. The modern theory of detonation accordingly is called the
1199:
His father, Boris
Naumovich Zeldovich, was a lawyer; his mother, Anna Petrovna Zeldovich (née Kiveliovich), a translator from French to Russian, was a member of the
633:
1400:'s small team at this secretive laboratory in Moscow to launch the work on the nuclear combustion theory, and became a head of the theoretical department at the
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in 1971, 1972. Previously, In 1965, Zeldovich had predicted that Kerr black holes would split the emission lines of photons as in a Zeeman effect. During
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1004:
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1998:
1965:
1932:
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1543:, their detection and investigation". He was elected academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences on 20 June 1958. He was a head of division at the
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1408:
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2104:
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in the United States, though he continued his fundamental work on explosive theory. Zeldovich then began working on modernizing the successive
227:
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1718:
Zeldovich had another son with Nina
Nikolaevna Agapova in 1958, whose name was Leonid Yakovlevich Agapov; he died in 2016 at the age of 58.
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In May 1941, Zeldovich worked with
Khariton in constructing a theory, on the kinetics of nuclear reactions in the presence of the
1229:
From 1932 to 1934, Zeldovich attended the undergraduate courses on physics and mathematics at the
Leningrad State University (now
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1219:
273:
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in 1939) Russian physicists had begun investigating the scope of nuclear-fission physics, and undertook seminars on that topic;
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2136:
1982:
1610:
1539:, the highest award in nuclear physics of the Soviet Union. The citation was "for prediction of characteristics of ultracold
1396:; the latter requested Stalin to relocate Zeldovich and Khariton to Moscow, in the nuclear weapons program. Zeldovich joined
1143:
From 1943, Zeldovich, a self-taught physicist, started his career by playing a crucial role in the development of the former
2590:
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2452:
1701:
With his wife, Varvara
Pavlovna Konstantinova, Yakov Zeldovich had a son and two daughters who were also physicists: son –
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2972:
1649:, for which a system of freely falling particles initially at relative rest are displaced after the passing of a burst of
3672:
3054:
1314:; his travels abroad were highly restricted, to Eastern Europe, under close Soviet security. Soon after the discovery of
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2805:
Ya. B. Zel’dovich and A. G. Polnarev, "Radiation of gravitational waves by a cluster of superdense stars," Astron. Zh.
2311:
2511:
I think that you know me well enough: I am an absolute atheist, and all days of the week are completely the same to me.
2093:
2038:
2015:
1949:
1916:
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1864:
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1361:, which obstructed progress on findings that in June 1941 would be de-classified. In 1942, Zeldovich was relocated to
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in 1952. He remained associated with the nuclear testing program, while heading the experimental laboratories at
1233:), and later attended the technical lectures on introductory physics at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (now
1147:. In 1963, he returned to academia to embark on pioneering contributions on the fundamental understanding of the
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In 1939, Zeldovich prepared his dissertation based on the mathematical theory of the physical interpretation of
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2140:
191:
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2746:
Zel'dovich, Ya.B. (1964). "The Fate of a Star and the
Evolution of Gravitational Energy Upon Accretion".
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1634:
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583:
269:
223:
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Annotated
Bibliography for Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
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1244:
degree (a Soviet equivalent of PhD), having successfully defended his dissertation on the topic of the "
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1180:. They resided there until August 1941, when the family was evacuated together with the faculty of the
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237:
2879:. J. P. Ostriker, G. I. Barenblatt, R. A. Si︠u︡ni︠a︡ev, E. Jackson, A. Granik. Princeton, New Jersey.
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1939:
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628:
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17:
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2558:(173 ed.). Reston, Va.: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. p. 500.
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wrote to
Zeldovich: "now I know that you are a real person and not a group of scientists like
3275:
2538:
Speaking about religion, Yakov
Borisovich could say unambiguously, "I'm an absolute atheist".
2312:
Ya. B. Zel'dovich and Yu. P. Raizer; ed. by Wallace D. Hayes and Ronald F. Probstein (2002).
1686:
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1465:
Between 1950 and 1953, Zeldovich performed calculations necessary for the feasibility of the
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1252:
on heterogeneous surfaces". The centrality of his thesis focused towards the research on the
970:
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281:
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1524:(more precisely, the muon-catalysed dt-fusion) phenomenon. In 1977, Zeldovich together with
1203:. Despite being born into a devoted and religious Jewish family, Zeldovich was an "absolute
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Zeldovich worked on the theory of the evolution of the hot universe, the properties of the
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He had one more daughter in 1945, Alexandra Varkovitskaya, with a linguist and folklorist
8:
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named him "a man of universal scientific interests." After the first meeting in Moscow,
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2011:
1978:
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1822:
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1666:
1424:
1412:
1385:
1272:
1256:, and Zeldovich discovered the theoretical foundation of this empirical observation.
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438:
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219:
108:
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2732:
1972:
1226:
and built up his reputation among his seniors at the Institute of Chemical Physics.
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3335:
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3265:
3197:
2720:
2693:
Collin, Suzy (2006). "Quasars and Galactic Nuclei, a Half-Century Agitated Story".
2260:
2132:
1906:
1873:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1196:. They remained in Kazan until the summer of 1943, when Zeldovich moved to Moscow.
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1819:
Selected Works of Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich: Particles, Nuclei, and the Universe
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Lonely Hearts of the Cosmos: The Scientific Quest for the Secret of the Universe
2835:. CREOL, The College of Optics & Photonics. 18 December 2018. Archived from
1838:
Selected Works of Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich: Chemical Physics and Hydrodynamics
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3192:
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1455:
1420:
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1377:, while Khariton was asked to design the new types of conventional weaponry.
1337:. The work of Khariton and Zeldovich was extended into theories of ignition,
1334:
1118:
945:
930:
830:
2008:
Relativistic Astrophysics: The Structure and Evolution of the Universe vol 2
1773:
Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena, Volume 2
1764:
Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena, Volume 1
1645:
In 1974, in collaboration with A. G. Polnarev, suggested the existence of a
3493:
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3429:
3305:
3255:
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1673:
concomitantly predicted the possibility of particle generation by rotating
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925:
900:
885:
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255:
143:
139:
81:
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2626:
From the atomic bomb to the Landau Institute autobiography. Top non-secret
1940:
Zel'dovich Ya.B., Barenblatt G., Librovich V.B., Makhviladze G.M. (1985).
3558:
3503:
3468:
3419:
3172:
3131:
2707:
2189:
2158:
1705:; daughters – Olga Yakovlevna Zeldovich and Marina Yakovlevna Zeldovich.
1674:
1416:
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1113:
698:
691:
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330:
316:
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3023:
Theory of combustion of unmixed gases – Zeldovich 1949, translated 1974
1618:
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1482:
1401:
1342:
1338:
1245:
1152:
940:
35:
2724:
2390:"This day in Jewish history / A self-taught nuclear physicist is born"
2286:
3136:
2249:(1994). "Yakov Borissovich Zeldovich. 8 March 1914–2 December 1987".
1779:
1521:
1430:
In 1949, Zeldovich led a team of physicists that conducted the first
1370:
1319:
1249:
890:
2584:
2582:
1733:
1586:. From 1965, he was a professor at the Department of Physics of the
3116:
2556:
Advances in combustion science : in honor of Ya. B. Zel'dovich
2216:
623:
525:
518:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2314:
Physics of shock waves and high-temperature hydrodynamic phenomena
2047:
2024:
2005:
1798:
1770:
1761:
1752:
2579:
2394:
2079:
2057:
Zel'dovich, Yakov B.; Kompaneets, Aleksandr Solomonovich (1960).
1583:
1540:
1478:
1439:
1280:
1204:
1121:
118:
43:
2486:
3035:
2344:
2050:
Elements of Gasdynamics and the Classical Theory of Shock Waves
380:
3693:
Recipients of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society
1807:
1708:
Zeldovich also had a daughter, Annushka, with O.K. Shiryaeva.
1625:, that the cosmic microwave background should undergo inverse
1547:
of the USSR Academy of Sciences from 1965 until January 1983.
27:
Soviet physicist, physical chemist and cosmologist (1914–1987)
3101:
1435:
1362:
1185:
1173:
104:
1681:'s visit to Moscow in 1973, Soviet scientists Zeldovich and
508:
3526:
1642:
Burgers' equation approach via the adhesion approximation.
1582:
are responsible for the huge amounts of energy radiated by
1518:
1502:
2487:
Zel'dovich, Yakov Borisovich (2004). Sunyaev, R.A. (ed.).
1128:, who is known for his prolific contributions in physical
2549:
2084:
Higher mathematics for beginning physicists and engineers
1973:
Zel'dovich Ya.B., Pilipetsky N.F., Shukunov V.V. (1985).
1685:
showed Hawking that, according to the quantum mechanical
2663:
Soviet Science under Control: The Struggle for Influence
1907:
Zel'dovich Ya.B., Ruzmaikin A.A., Sokoloff D.D. (1990).
1874:
Zel'dovich Ya.B., Ruzmaikin A.A., Sokoloff D.D. (1990).
1661:
Zeldovich played a key role in developing the theory of
3648:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
2106:
Theory of shock waves and introduction to gas dynamics
1176:. However, in mid-1914, the Zeldovich family moved to
3076:
2616:
2029:
Relativistic Astrophysics: Stars and Relativity vol 1
1235:
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
2443:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2252:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
1942:
The Mathematical Theory of Combustion and Explosions
1854:
1835:
1816:
1299:
1240:
In 1936, he was successful in his candidacy for the
3703:
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
2526:. Atlantica Séguier Frontières. 1991. p. 599.
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
1310:Zeldovich is regarded as a secret principal of the
2774:
2595:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 320.
2592:Buried glory : portraits of Soviet scientists
2550:Sirignano, W.; Merzhanov, A.; De Luca, L. (1997).
2081:
2026:
2833:"Professor Boris Zeldovich passes away at age 74"
1107:; 8 March 1914 – 2 December 1987), also known as
3624:
2650:
2410:
2102:
1485:until October 1963, when he left for academia.
1275:. Zeldovich discovered its mechanism, known in
1155:and expanding the scope of physical cosmology.
2745:
2629:. Berlin: Springer, Khalatnikov. p. 210.
2459:(1 ed.). London: CRC Press. p. 370.
1493:In 1952, Zeldovich began work in the field of
3763:Members of the American Philosophical Society
3062:
1633:, and measurements by telescopes such as the
1562:In early 1960s, Zeldovich started working in
1347:Zeldovich-von Neumann-Dohring, or ZND, theory
1254:Freundlich (or classical) adsorption isotherm
1068:
3658:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
2860:Buried Glory: Portraits of Soviet Scientists
2692:
2336:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2165:Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society
2071:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1997:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1964:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1931:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1898:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1656:
1497:and their transformations. He predicted the
310:Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society
3668:Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
3614:Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
3600:Nuclear Explosions for the National Economy
2665:(1 ed.). U.S.: Springer. p. 153.
2622:
1163:
3595:Kazakhstan and weapons of mass destruction
3069:
3055:
2907:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2872:
1780:Perelomov A. M., Zel'dovich Ya.B. (1999).
1075:
1061:
507:
74:
3663:Academic staff of Moscow State University
2857:
2706:
2588:
1734:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Ruzmaikin A.A. (2015).
1488:
1353:; this work had been delayed, due to the
2361:
2245:
1549:
282:Self-similar solution of the second kind
3590:Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction
2927:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
2781:. W. W. Norton & Company. pp.
2447:
2048:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Raizer Yu.P. (1968).
2025:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Novikov I.D. (1971).
2006:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Novikov I.D. (1983).
1799:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Myskis A. D. (1976).
1771:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Raizer Yu.P. (2012).
1762:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Raizer Yu.P. (2012).
1753:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Novikov I.D. (2014).
1349:, and its development involved tedious
1220:Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
274:Method of matched asymptotic expansions
14:
3625:
3585:Russia and weapons of mass destruction
3564:Russian espionage in the United States
2772:
2766:
2656:
2382:
2279:
2080:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Yaglom I.M. (1988).
1554:Zeldovich (right) with astrophysicist
1423:, who each had worked on the American
286:Vector current conservation hypothesis
3050:
2241:
2239:
2137:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1615:large-scale structure of the universe
1172:family in his grandfather's house in
3653:Foreign members of the Royal Society
2825:
2115:
1545:Institute of the Applied Mathematics
1454:and initially conceived the idea of
1878:. Gordon & Breach Science Pub.
1738:. Cambridge Scientific Publishers.
1509:he noticed the analogy between the
24:
2994:
2876:Chemical physics and hydrodynamics
2316:(Reprod. ed.). Mineola: N.Y.
2236:
2204:Orders of the Red Banner of Labour
1782:Quantum Mechanics: Selected Topics
1693:should create and emit particles.
1369:to carry out work on conventional
1367:People's Commissariat of Munitions
803:2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey ("2dF")
25:
3779:
3537:Main Intelligence Directorate/GRU
3078:Soviet program of nuclear weapons
3028:
2524:Andrei Sakharov: Facets of a Life
1300:Soviet program of nuclear weapons
1231:Saint Petersburg State University
1145:Soviet program of nuclear weapons
1018:Timeline of cosmological theories
783:Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)
182:Saint Petersburg State University
3698:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
3034:
3004:. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
2222:was named in his honor in 2001.
1810:Elements of Mathematical Physics
1599:Sternberg Astronomical Institute
1570:. In 1964, he and independently
1517:, and in 1960, he predicted the
1263:, and successfully received the
1168:Yakov Zeldovich was born into a
1042:
1031:
1030:
374:Sternberg Astronomical Institute
2965:
2940:
2915:
2866:
2851:
2812:
2799:
2739:
2686:
2210:Order of the October Revolution
2033:. University of Chicago Press.
2010:. University of Chicago Press.
1975:Principles of Phase Conjugation
1876:Magnetic Fields in Astrophysics
1808:Zel'dovich Ya.B., Myskis A. D.
1801:Elements of Applied Mathematics
1736:Dynamo Problems in Astrophysics
1721:
1574:were the first to suggest that
798:Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)
651:Future of an expanding universe
80:Y. B. Zeldovich (1914–87) on a
3678:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
2623:Khalatnikov, Isaak M. (2012).
2516:
2480:
2362:Sublette, Carey (1 May 2002).
2305:
2145:American Philosophical Society
1840:. Princeton University Press.
1821:. Princeton University Press.
1611:microwave background radiation
1590:and a head of the division of
1312:Soviet nuclear weapons project
1013:History of the Big Bang theory
809:Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy
97:(Зельдо́вич, Я́ков Бори́сович)
13:
1:
3688:Recipients of the Bruce Medal
3683:Recipients of the Lenin Prize
3522:Intelligence cycle management
2923:"Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich"
2873:Zelʹdovich, I︠A︡. B. (1992).
2229:
1857:My Universe: Selected Reviews
1216:Institute of Chemical Physics
1182:Institute of Chemical Physics
1005:Discovery of cosmic microwave
656:Ultimate fate of the universe
366:Institute of Chemical Physics
266:Diffusive–thermal instability
262:Activation energy asymptotics
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2141:National Academy of Sciences
1515:electromagnetic interactions
1427:to develop nuclear weapons.
1158:
387:Theory of Nitrogen Oxidation
259:Pauli–Zeldovich cancellation
202:Zeldovich antidynamo theorem
7:
3041:Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich
3013:Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich
2657:Roberg, Jeffrey L. (1998).
2453:"Childhood and School days"
1647:gravitational memory effect
1635:Atacama Cosmology Telescope
1105:Я́каў Бары́савіч Зяльдо́віч
1097:Я́ков Бори́сович Зельдо́вич
773:Black Hole Initiative (BHI)
431:Other notable students
270:Gravitational memory effect
252:Shvab–Zeldovich formulation
228:Harrison–Zeldovich spectrum
205:Zeldovich equation of state
94:Zeldovich, Yakov Borisovich
10:
3784:
3673:Heroes of Socialist Labour
2862:. Oxford University Press.
2858:Hargittai, Istvan (2013).
2777:Black holes and time warps
2589:Hargittai, Istvan (2013).
2139:(1975), the United States
2135:." He was a member of the
2123:called him a "genius" and
1306:Soviet atomic bomb program
1303:
1088:Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich
536:Chronology of the universe
238:Zeldovich spontaneous wave
30:In this name that follows
29:
3608:
3577:
3512:
3454:
3381:
3223:
3216:
3160:
3084:
2370:. nuclear weapon archives
2103:Zeldovich Ya. B. (1946).
1855:Zel'dovich Ya.B. (1992).
1836:Zel'dovich Ya.B. (1992).
1817:Zel'dovich Ya.B. (1993).
1696:
1657:Black hole thermodynamics
1351:fast neutron calculations
1104:
1096:
629:Expansion of the universe
486:
430:
409:
397:
379:
361:
353:
346:
291:
231:Zeldovich streaming model
187:
177:
169:
161:
150:
127:
89:
73:
64:
57:
2818:Hawking, Stephen (1988)
2491:Zeldovich: Reminiscences
2368:nuclearweaponarchive.org
2186:(1943, 1949, 1951, 1953)
1726:
1631:Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
1271:when it was reviewed by
1164:Early life and education
793:Planck space observatory
579:Gravitational wave (GWB)
234:Zeldovich regularization
192:Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect
65:
3017:Moscow State University
2820:A Brief History of Time
2457:Zeldovich Reminiscences
2178:Hero of Socialist Labor
2153:Dirac Medal of the ICTP
1651:gravitational radiation
1588:Moscow State University
1438:, based roughly on the
1419:and American physicist
1134:thermonuclear reactions
646:Inhomogeneous cosmology
370:Moscow State University
338:Hero of Socialist Labor
199:Zeldovich approximation
3723:Belarusian astronomers
3019:dedicated to Zeldovich
2265:10.1098/rsbm.1994.0049
1944:. Consultants Bureau.
1663:black hole evaporation
1559:
1489:Academia and cosmology
1469:that were verified by
1392:, under the charge of
1373:to be supplied to the
1330:were engaged in 1940.
3643:Scientists from Minsk
3276:Vyacheslav Feodoritov
3261:V'yacheslav Danilenko
2495:. CRC Press. p.
1713:Ludmila Varkovitskaya
1687:uncertainty principle
1629:. This is called the
1621:. He predicted, with
1553:
1442:obtained through the
1384:decided to launch an
737:Large-scale structure
715:Shape of the universe
278:Primordial black hole
246:Zeldovich–Taylor flow
242:Zeldovich–Liñán model
3753:Belarusian inventors
3043:at Wikimedia Commons
2977:search.amphilsoc.org
2973:"APS Member History"
2773:Thorne, Kip (1994).
2287:"YaB-100 – Homepage"
2059:Theory of Detonation
1911:. World Scientific.
1784:. World Scientific.
1755:Stars and Relativity
1691:rotating black holes
1639:South Pole Telescope
1617:, and the theory of
1495:elementary particles
1365:, and tasked by the
1269:mathematical physics
1242:Candidate of Science
1049:Astronomy portal
1007:background radiation
984:List of cosmologists
196:ZND detonation model
155:Novodevichy Cemetery
3743:Particle physicists
3728:Soviet cosmologists
3708:Belarusian atheists
3395:Manfred von Ardenne
3326:Konstantin Petrzhak
2839:on 27 December 2018
2760:1964SPhD....9..195Z
2717:2006AIPC..861..587C
2659:"The Hydrogen Bomb"
1909:The Almighty Chance
1335:critical conditions
1318:(by German chemist
1294:Zeldovich mechanism
749:Structure formation
641:Friedmann equations
531:Age of the universe
495:Part of a series on
462:Vladimir M. Lipunov
224:Zeldovich radiation
212:Zeldovich mechanism
3768:Russian scientists
3718:Soviet astronomers
3361:Yevgeny Zababakhin
3241:Anatoly Alexandrov
3178:Vyacheslav Molotov
2364:"Yakov Zel'dovich"
2199:(1949, 1962, 1974)
2180:(1949, 1953, 1957)
2129:Stephen W. Hawking
1683:Alexei Starobinsky
1627:Compton scattering
1601:. In 1966, he and
1568:physical cosmology
1560:
1277:physical chemistry
1265:Doctor of Sciences
1261:nitrogen oxidation
1224:physical chemistry
1136:, combustion, and
788:Dark Energy Survey
732:Large quasar group
501:Physical cosmology
458:Alexei Starobinsky
341:(1949, 1954, 1956)
3758:Jewish physicists
3733:Fluid dynamicists
3620:
3619:
3450:
3449:
3331:Isaak Pomeranchuk
3271:Nikolay Dollezhal
3183:Mikhail Pervukhin
3039:Media related to
2952:www.nasonline.org
2948:"Yakov Zeldovich"
2886:978-1-4008-6297-9
2725:10.1063/1.2399629
2291:master.sai.msu.ru
2116:Awards and honors
2088:. Prentice Hall.
2061:. Academic Press.
2052:. Academic Press.
1984:978-3-662-13573-0
1803:. Mir Publishers.
1671:Charles W. Misner
1667:Hawking radiation
1425:Manhattan Project
1413:Isaak Pomeranchuk
1273:Alexander Frumkin
1210:Zeldovich was an
1170:Belarusian Jewish
1126:Belarusian origin
1085:
1084:
756:
755:
598:
597:
490:
489:
466:Victor Shvartsman
439:Roman Juszkiewicz
410:Doctoral students
404:Aleksandr Frumkin
348:Scientific career
220:Zeldovich pancake
109:Minsk Governorate
16:(Redirected from
3775:
3748:Soviet inventors
3578:Related Articles
3479:David Greenglass
3388:
3366:Yakov Zel'dovich
3351:Kirill Shchelkin
3336:Evsei Rabinovich
3291:German Goncharov
3266:Viktor Davidenko
3221:
3220:
3198:Pavel Sudoplatov
3147:Laboratory No. 2
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2143:(1979), and the
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1988:
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1749:
1675:Kerr black holes
1669:. Zeldovich and
1535:was awarded the
1534:
1507:Semyon Gershtein
1505:. Together with
1289:
1178:Saint Petersburg
1116:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1033:
727:Galaxy formation
687:Lambda-CDM model
676:
675:
668:Components
550:
549:
511:
492:
491:
474:
455:
447:Sergei Shandarin
399:Doctoral advisor
393:
342:
335:
328:
321:
314:
307:
300:
216:Zeldovich number
208:Zeldovich factor
134:
122:
98:
78:
68:
55:
54:
21:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3738:Jewish atheists
3713:Belarusian Jews
3623:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3604:
3573:
3508:
3484:Ruth Greenglass
3446:
3410:Walter Herrmann
3386:(Russian Alsos)
3384:
3383:
3377:
3346:Andrei Sakharov
3316:Oleg Lavrentiev
3286:Vitaly Ginzburg
3251:Yevgeny Avrorin
3246:Lev Artsimovich
3236:Abram Alikhanov
3212:
3168:Lavrentiy Beria
3156:
3080:
3075:
3031:
2997:
2995:Further reading
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2826:
2822:, Bantam Books.
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2800:
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2748:Sov. Phys. Dokl
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2449:Sunyaev, Rashid
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2247:Ginzburg, V. L.
2244:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2220:11438 Zeldovich
2197:Orders of Lenin
2171:Kurchatov Medal
2125:Andrei Sakharov
2118:
2113:
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2041:
2018:
1990:
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1792:
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1729:
1724:
1703:Boris Zeldovich
1699:
1679:Stephen Hawking
1659:
1578:around massive
1576:accretion discs
1556:Iosif Shklovsky
1537:Kurchatov Medal
1528:
1491:
1475:Vitaly Ginzburg
1471:Andrei Sakharov
1460:Andrei Sakharov
1440:American design
1390:nuclear weapons
1355:German invasion
1316:nuclear fission
1308:
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997:Subject history
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768:
758:
757:
720:Galaxy filament
673:
661:
660:
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607:Expansion
600:
599:
584:Microwave (CMB)
563:Nucleosynthesis
547:
481:Deborah Dultzin
479:
475:
468:
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460:
456:
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426:
422:Marina Romanova
417:Sergei Kopeikin
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336:
333:
329:
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324:Kurchatov Medal
322:
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296:Friedmann Prize
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131:2 December 1987
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59:Yakov Zeldovich
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3435:Peter Thiessen
3432:
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3425:Nikolaus Riehl
3422:
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3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3321:Boris Nikolsky
3318:
3313:
3311:Igor Kurchatov
3308:
3303:
3301:Yulii Khariton
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3281:Georgii Flerov
3278:
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3253:
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3233:
3231:Viktor Adamsky
3227:
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3205:
3203:Boris Vannikov
3200:
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3161:Administrators
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3029:External links
3027:
3026:
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3015:– page at the
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2695:AIP Conf. Proc
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2398:. 8 March 2013
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2121:Igor Kurchatov
2117:
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2111:
2100:
2095:978-0133876482
2094:
2077:
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2045:
2040:978-0226979557
2039:
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2017:978-0226979571
2016:
2003:
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1970:
1951:978-0306109744
1950:
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1918:978-9971509163
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1885:978-0677223308
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1866:978-3718650040
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1847:978-0691085944
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1828:978-0691087429
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1791:978-9810235505
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1745:978-1908106445
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1658:
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1623:Rashid Sunyaev
1572:Edwin Salpeter
1526:Fyodor Shapiro
1490:
1487:
1452:nuclear weapon
1409:Isaak Gurevich
1398:Igor Kurchatov
1394:Igor Kurchatov
1328:Yulii Khariton
1324:Igor Kurchatov
1304:Main article:
1301:
1298:
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1201:Writer's Union
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1149:thermodynamics
1138:hydrodynamical
1117:was a leading
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3215:
3209:
3208:Georgy Zhukov
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3193:Joseph Stalin
3191:
3189:
3186:
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3181:
3179:
3176:
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3125:
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3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3097:Novaya Zemlya
3095:
3093:
3092:Semipalatinsk
3090:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3049:
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3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2978:
2974:
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2953:
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2918:
2910:
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2882:
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2877:
2869:
2861:
2854:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2821:
2815:
2809:, 30 (1974) .
2808:
2802:
2794:
2792:0-393-31276-3
2788:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2769:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2689:
2674:
2672:9781349262908
2668:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2638:
2636:9783642275616
2632:
2628:
2627:
2619:
2604:
2602:9780199985593
2598:
2594:
2593:
2585:
2583:
2567:
2565:9781600864261
2561:
2557:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2535:
2533:9782863320969
2529:
2525:
2519:
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2508:
2506:9780415287906
2502:
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2466:9780203500163
2462:
2458:
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2323:0-486-42002-7
2319:
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2258:
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2240:
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2068:
2060:
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2046:
2042:
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2031:
2030:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1986:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1920:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:. Routledge.
1858:
1853:
1849:
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1834:
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1600:
1596:
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1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1467:hydrogen bomb
1463:
1461:
1457:
1456:hydrogen bomb
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:Theodore Hall
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1386:arms build-up
1383:
1382:Joseph Stalin
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1274:
1270:
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1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
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1236:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1190:Axis Invasion
1188:to avoid the
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1132:, physics of
1131:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1002:
1001:
998:
993:
992:
985:
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927:
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922:
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917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
821:
820:
812:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
767:
762:
761:
750:
747:
743:
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738:
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733:
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728:
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721:
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713:
712:
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693:
690:
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685:
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682:
678:
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671:
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664:
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632:
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604:
603:
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569:
564:
561:
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554:
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552:
551:
543:
542:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
520:
517:
516:
515:
514:
510:
506:
505:
502:
499:
498:
494:
493:
485:
482:
478:
472:
467:
463:
459:
453:
448:
444:
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436:
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429:
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408:
405:
402:
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389:
388:
384:
382:
378:
375:
371:
367:
364:
360:
356:
352:
349:
345:
339:
332:
325:
318:
311:
304:
297:
294:
290:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
257:
253:
247:
243:
239:
235:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
203:
197:
193:
190:
186:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
153:
151:Resting place
149:
145:
141:
130:
126:
120:
114:
110:
106:
92:
88:
83:
77:
72:
63:
56:
53:
49:
45:
42: and the
41:
37:
33:
19:
3610:
3514:Intelligence
3494:George Koval
3464:Morris Cohen
3440:
3430:Gernot Zippe
3405:Robert Döpel
3371:
3356:Yuri Trutnev
3341:Yuri Romanov
3306:Isaak Kikoin
3256:Yuri Babayev
3152:Laboratory V
3142:Zheleznogors
3127:Laboratory B
3001:
3000:Overbye, D.
2980:. Retrieved
2976:
2967:
2955:. Retrieved
2951:
2942:
2930:. Retrieved
2926:
2917:
2875:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2841:. Retrieved
2837:the original
2827:
2819:
2814:
2806:
2801:
2776:
2768:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2676:. Retrieved
2662:
2652:
2640:. Retrieved
2625:
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2591:
2569:. Retrieved
2555:
2545:
2537:
2523:
2518:
2510:
2490:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2456:
2400:. Retrieved
2393:
2384:
2372:. Retrieved
2367:
2313:
2307:
2295:. Retrieved
2290:
2281:
2256:
2250:
2184:Stalin Prize
2176:Three times
2119:
2105:
2083:
2058:
2049:
2028:
2007:
1977:. Springer.
1974:
1941:
1908:
1875:
1856:
1837:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1735:
1722:Publications
1717:
1710:
1707:
1700:
1660:
1644:
1608:
1603:Igor Novikov
1595:Astrophysics
1592:Relativistic
1564:astrophysics
1561:
1492:
1464:
1444:atomic spies
1432:nuclear test
1429:
1406:
1379:
1359:Soviet Union
1332:
1309:
1285:
1258:
1253:
1239:
1228:
1209:
1198:
1194:Soviet Union
1167:
1142:
1108:
1087:
1086:
975:
811:Probe (WMAP)
745:
742:Reionization
723:
695:
669:
637:
620:
617:Hubble's law
608:
587:
559:
522:
443:Igor Novikov
385:
362:Institutions
347:
256:ZFK equation
144:Soviet Union
133:(1987-12-02)
101:8 March 1914
82:Russian Post
52:
47:
39:
3638:1987 deaths
3633:1914 births
3559:Soviet Army
3504:Saville Sax
3469:Klaus Fuchs
3420:Ernst Rexer
3173:Pavel Fitin
3132:Tryokhgorny
2843:27 December
2701:: 587–595.
2552:"Biography"
2259:: 430–441.
2206:(1945,1964)
2190:Lenin Prize
2159:Bruce Medal
1619:black holes
1580:black holes
1529: [
1417:Klaus Fuchs
1375:Soviet Army
1371:gun powders
1153:black holes
1140:phenomena.
766:Experiments
699:Dark matter
692:Dark energy
634:FLRW metric
571:Backgrounds
477:Varun Sahni
469: [
450: [
331:Lenin Prize
317:Bruce Medal
303:Dirac Medal
170:Citizenship
44:family name
3627:Categories
3499:Rosenbergs
3474:Harry Gold
3415:Heinz Pose
3217:Scientists
3188:Ivan Serov
3122:Novouralsk
3107:Sukhoy Nos
2402:8 November
2230:References
1499:beta decay
1402:Arzamas-16
1343:detonation
1339:combustion
1246:adsorption
1212:autodidact
1101:Belarusian
1095:(Russian:
846:Copernicus
824:Scientists
679:Components
40:Borisovich
36:patronymic
3611:See also:
3137:Snezhinsk
2903:cite book
2895:889252616
2332:cite book
2293:. sai-msu
2273:122681428
2067:cite book
1993:cite book
1960:cite book
1927:cite book
1894:cite book
1522:catalysis
1404:in 1946.
1380:In 1943,
1320:Otto Hahn
1290:mechanism
1250:catalysis
1159:Biography
1130:cosmology
1122:physicist
976:Zeldovich
876:Friedmann
851:de Sitter
778:BOOMERanG
707:Structure
672:Structure
556:Inflation
249:BZT fluid
157:in Moscow
48:Zeldovich
18:Zeldovich
3456:Spy ring
3117:Atomgrad
3112:Totskoye
2733:14346374
2678:18 April
2642:18 April
2608:18 April
2571:18 April
2472:17 April
2451:(2004).
2374:17 April
2297:18 April
2217:asteroid
2147:(1979).
2133:Bourbaki
1775:. Dover.
1766:. Dover.
1757:. Dover.
1637:and the
1541:neutrons
1503:pi meson
1281:thermal
1092:ForMemRS
1037:Category
956:Suntzeff
916:Lemaître
866:Einstein
831:Aaronson
624:Redshift
526:Universe
519:Big Bang
138:Moscow,
3569:Perseus
3382:Germans
3224:Soviets
2982:23 June
2957:23 June
2932:23 June
2783:308–309
2756:Bibcode
2754:: 195.
2713:Bibcode
2395:Haaretz
2167:(1984).
1665:due to
1597:at the
1584:quasars
1558:in 1977
1479:Arzamas
1450:of the
1448:designs
1357:of the
1279:as the
1218:of the
1205:atheist
1192:of the
961:Sunyaev
946:Schmidt
936:Penzias
931:Penrose
906:Huygens
896:Hawking
881:Galileo
357:Physics
119:Belarus
2893:
2883:
2789:
2731:
2669:
2633:
2599:
2562:
2530:
2503:
2463:
2320:
2271:
2212:(1962)
2195:Three
2192:(1957)
2173:(1977)
2161:(1983)
2155:(1985)
2092:
2037:
2014:
1981:
1948:
1915:
1882:
1863:
1844:
1825:
1788:
1742:
1697:Family
1613:, the
1434:, the
1119:Soviet
1035:
971:Wilson
966:Tolman
926:Newton
921:Mather
911:Kepler
901:Hubble
861:Ehlers
841:Alpher
836:Alfvén
744:
722:
694:
636:
619:
611:Future
586:
558:
521:
392:(1939)
390:
381:Thesis
354:Fields
334:(1957)
327:(1977)
320:(1983)
313:(1983)
306:(1985)
299:(2002)
292:Awards
162:Siglum
140:Russia
34:, the
3102:Semey
3085:Sites
2729:S2CID
2703:arXiv
2269:S2CID
1727:Books
1533:]
1501:of a
1436:RDS-1
1407:With
1363:Kazan
1186:Kazan
1174:Minsk
951:Smoot
941:Rubin
886:Gamow
871:Ellis
856:Dicke
473:]
454:]
105:Minsk
84:stamp
3532:NKGB
3527:NKVD
3441:more
3372:more
2984:2022
2959:2022
2934:2022
2909:link
2891:OCLC
2881:ISBN
2845:2018
2787:ISBN
2680:2017
2667:ISBN
2644:2017
2631:ISBN
2610:2017
2597:ISBN
2573:2017
2560:ISBN
2528:ISBN
2501:ISBN
2474:2017
2461:ISBN
2404:2013
2376:2017
2338:link
2318:ISBN
2299:2017
2202:Two
2090:ISBN
2073:link
2035:ISBN
2012:ISBN
1999:link
1979:ISBN
1966:link
1946:ISBN
1933:link
1913:ISBN
1900:link
1880:ISBN
1861:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1823:ISBN
1786:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1566:and
1519:muon
1513:and
1511:weak
1341:and
1326:and
1248:and
1114:D.N.
891:Guth
173:USSR
128:Died
90:Born
3547:PGU
3542:MGB
2721:doi
2699:861
2261:doi
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1458:to
1388:of
1292:or
1267:in
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1207:".
1184:to
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