25:
93:
639:
452:(GFH) museum located on its grounds, commemorating those who struggled against the Nazis. GFH has a study center named for Zivia and Yitzhak Zuckerman. Zuckerman and Lubetkin settled in Lohamei HaGeta'ot and had two children, Shimon (b. 1947) and Yael (b. 1949).
602:
Nir Itzik, "The
Testimonies of Yitzhak (Antek) Zuckerman from Wartime to Those Seven Years: A Reassessment", Moreshet Journal for the Study of the Holocaust and Antisemitism, vol. 16/2019, pp. 135–183.
349:
and initially stayed in the Soviet zone of occupation, where he took an active part in the creation of various Jewish underground socialist organisations. In the spring of 1940 he moved to
931:
1242:
2807:
2051:
671:
2408:
2443:
2398:
372:
resistance organisation. In this capacity, he served mainly as the envoy between the commander of ŻOB and the commanders of the Polish resistance organizations of
2438:
2433:
2418:
2423:
2428:
2403:
2161:
1235:
407:
erupted. Unable to enter the ghetto to join his comrades in battle, he nonetheless proved a crucial link between resistance forces within the ghetto and the
2661:
2372:
319:
712:
664:
2915:
1228:
802:
2367:
335:
2377:
2704:
2382:
2840:
2457:
657:
2885:
2689:
2046:
2845:
2413:
2154:
896:
2654:
1048:
2779:
2076:
834:
2108:
2001:
569:
334:. In 1937, he became a member of the HeHalutz Hatzair Central Committee, and in 1938 he took over as secretary general of the
2512:
2006:
396:
2709:
2192:
2147:
795:
2930:
2647:
1207:
956:
2890:
2880:
2830:
2187:
886:
2925:
643:
622:
419:
of 1944, he led a small troop of 322 survivors of the Ghetto
Uprising as they fought the Germans in the ranks of the
68:
46:
2248:
39:
1738:
2792:
788:
986:
2765:
2120:
2096:
891:
614:
304:
2243:
369:
2787:
2597:
1116:
839:
2253:
866:
296:
2238:
2822:
2088:
966:
921:
911:
901:
844:
1833:
1335:
951:
2895:
2734:
2676:
2617:
2558:
2212:
2116:
2056:
1639:
1202:
916:
861:
742:
415:, he organized the escape of the surviving ZOB fighters through the sewers to safety. During the later
2719:
2507:
2092:
1783:
1728:
1197:
926:
906:
856:
762:
717:
449:
2920:
2905:
2834:
2538:
2100:
981:
878:
817:
767:
752:
732:
722:
707:
702:
33:
1930:
2910:
2548:
2477:
2202:
2036:
1161:
757:
747:
737:
727:
680:
392:. Zuckerman was wounded and narrowly escaped, and his two comrades were tracked down and killed.
2258:
1808:
1723:
440:. There he and his wife Zivia, along with other veterans of the ghetto undergrounds and former
404:
284:
252:
172:
157:
50:
2797:
2217:
300:
1071:
487:
In 2001, the tale of the Warsaw Ghetto
Uprising was turned into a made-for-TV film entitled
2900:
2875:
2870:
2274:
1985:
1870:
1506:
1431:
1375:
610:
489:
142:
2112:
1950:
971:
545:
8:
2812:
2684:
2324:
2284:
1733:
1556:
1095:
996:
433:
2334:
1126:
1101:
1061:
432:
network, whose operatives smuggled Jewish refugees out of
Eastern and Central Europe to
2553:
2522:
2309:
2061:
1609:
1546:
1476:
1466:
1385:
1066:
850:
826:
342:
2602:
2314:
1885:
1823:
1106:
649:
2577:
1955:
1682:
1647:
1599:
1441:
1380:
618:
577:
481:
299:
Zionist movement, followed by a Hebrew gymnasium in 1933. He applied to study at the
2802:
2487:
2304:
2299:
1305:
627:
Yitzhak
Zuckerman, 'A life in the ghetto'; translated and edited by Barbara Harshav.
2739:
2344:
2294:
2084:
1905:
1763:
1551:
1541:
1516:
1400:
1390:
1365:
1315:
1156:
1028:
991:
976:
441:
362:
1743:
1713:
1491:
1320:
1151:
1086:
1056:
1038:
2760:
2755:
2612:
2543:
2492:
2472:
2233:
2040:
1970:
1900:
1838:
1828:
1768:
1703:
1571:
1481:
1370:
1355:
1340:
1300:
1166:
1018:
494:
416:
236:
228:
2482:
1813:
1395:
1275:
1250:
1131:
2502:
2497:
2329:
2197:
2104:
2026:
1980:
1895:
1793:
1754:
1677:
1536:
1521:
1496:
1436:
1325:
1310:
1290:
1280:
1141:
1033:
516:
477:
459:
358:
276:
215:
184:
124:
98:
1718:
1526:
1486:
1091:
961:
2864:
2699:
2517:
2289:
2030:
1965:
1960:
1945:
1915:
1910:
1880:
1818:
1773:
1687:
1672:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1624:
1614:
1594:
1566:
1456:
1426:
1345:
1330:
1285:
1176:
1146:
1121:
1111:
1081:
1076:
1012:
694:
506:
408:
385:
373:
244:
1920:
469:
published in Israel in 1991, later translated into
English and published as
2607:
2319:
2126:
2066:
1975:
1940:
1935:
1803:
1788:
1629:
1561:
1531:
1501:
1451:
1421:
1416:
1270:
1171:
1136:
1023:
511:
465:
A record of a lengthy interview he gave in 1976 was expanded into the book
420:
412:
377:
354:
314:
In his youth, he became involved with the
Zionist movement, as a member of
260:
256:
1461:
2339:
1875:
1865:
1798:
1778:
1708:
1667:
1604:
1589:
1511:
1471:
1360:
1350:
280:
1925:
1890:
1446:
1295:
436:. In 1947 he himself made that journey, settling in what would soon be
327:
295:. He graduated from a religious elementary school associated with the
2182:
1619:
1192:
456:
308:
288:
2207:
2169:
381:
97:
Yitzhak
Zuckerman testifies for the prosecution during the trial of
2622:
346:
315:
92:
445:
389:
323:
292:
272:
120:
380:. On 22 December 1942 he and two accomplices attacked a café in
2694:
810:
638:
437:
428:
400:
350:
331:
161:
146:
1251:
Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
607:
A Surplus of Memory: Chronicle of the Warsaw Ghetto
Uprising
471:
A Surplus of Memory: Chronicle of the Warsaw Ghetto
Uprising
462:
in Israel. He died in 1981, in the kibbutz he had founded.
2808:
International Youth Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
570:"Ładoś List - results of research as of 24 October 2019"
2669:
679:
455:
In 1961 he appeared as a witness at the trial of Nazi
326:
on Subocz Street, then on a farm training pioneers in
243:; 13 December 1915 – 17 June 1981), also known by his
2862:
2170:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
361:. Zuckerman was issued a false passport by the
368:In 1941 he became the deputy commander of the
2655:
2155:
1236:
796:
665:
287:. As a young man he embraced the concepts of
2841:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
609:; translated and edited by Barbara Harshav.
353:, where he became one of the leaders of the
271:Zuckerman was born on December 13, 1915, in
16:Polish Jewish resistance fighter (1915–1981)
811:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
357:youth movement, along with his future wife
2662:
2648:
2162:
2148:
1243:
1229:
803:
789:
672:
658:
345:in 1939 he was in the area overrun by the
91:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
403:to procure guns and ammunition when the
32:This article includes a list of general
2916:Polish emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
2766:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
426:After the war he worked as part of the
2863:
2749:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
2109:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
311:, but never began university studies.
2643:
2143:
1224:
784:
653:
546:"Cukierman Icchak | Wirtualny Sztetl"
444:, were among the founding members of
283:Vilnius became part of the recreated
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
343:German and Soviet invasion of Poland
18:
2670:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
681:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
240:
13:
2886:Jewish Combat Organization members
2831:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2942:
2513:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
631:
529:
467:Sheva ha-Shanim ha-Hen: 1939-1946
251:", was one of the leaders of the
2690:Population transfers (1944–1946)
1739:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
637:
411:on the "Aryan" side. Along with
395:In 1943, he was working on the "
23:
2793:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
2705:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
596:
484:'s first female fighter pilot.
193:
2121:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
2097:36th Estonian Police Battalion
615:University of California Press
562:
1:
2788:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
2618:Human medical experimentation
581:. 24 October 2019. p. 12
522:
266:
7:
2823:Righteous Among the Nations
2710:Ministry of Public Security
2089:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
699:Related articles by country
500:
384:that was being used by the
10:
2947:
2931:Warsaw Uprising insurgents
2735:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2117:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
448:Lohamei HaGeta'ot and the
171:One of the leaders of the
2891:Jewish Polish politicians
2881:20th-century Israeli Jews
2821:
2778:
2748:
2727:
2718:
2675:
2639:
2590:
2570:
2531:
2508:Sobibor perpetrator album
2465:
2456:
2391:
2360:
2353:
2267:
2226:
2175:
2139:
2093:Estonian Auxiliary Police
2075:
2019:
1994:
1858:
1851:
1752:
1696:
1638:
1580:
1409:
1263:
1256:
1220:
1203:Human medical experiments
1185:
1047:
1005:
944:
877:
825:
816:
780:
776:
687:
211:
203:
178:
167:
153:
131:
106:
90:
83:
2926:Politicians from Vilnius
2756:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
2101:Latvian Auxiliary Police
1834:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
1336:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
322:. He lived in a Vilnius
2846:Garden of the Righteous
2598:Identification in camps
2591:Technical and logistics
2037:Order Police battalions
53:more precise citations.
2259:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
1724:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
497:portraying Zuckerman.
450:Ghetto Fighters' House
405:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
253:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
232:
173:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2798:Majdanek State Museum
1931:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
835:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
301:University of Vilnius
2275:Mordechai Anielewicz
1986:Elisabeth Volkenrath
1871:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
1507:Arthur Liebehenschel
1432:Hermine Braunsteiner
1376:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
646:at Wikimedia Commons
413:Simcha "Kazik" Rotem
2813:March of the Living
2685:Holocaust survivors
2549:Vrba–Wetzler report
2325:Alexander Pechersky
2285:Mordechai Tenenbaum
1734:Alexander Palfinger
1557:Johann Schwarzhuber
1117:Międzyrzec Podlaski
1096:Lviv pogroms (1941)
997:Sonderaktion Krakau
605:Yitzhak Zuckerman,
275:, then part of the
2728:West German trials
2523:Wannsee Conference
2310:Itzhak Katzenelson
2062:General Government
1547:Franz Reichleitner
1477:Fritz Hartjenstein
1467:Maximilian Grabner
1386:Bruno Streckenbach
1198:Grossaktion Warsaw
851:Operation Reinhard
476:His granddaughter
2896:Jewish socialists
2858:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2774:
2773:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2586:
2585:
2578:Sonderaktion 1005
2452:
2451:
2135:
2134:
2113:Ypatingasis būrys
2015:
2014:
1956:Johanna Langefeld
1951:Hildegard Lächert
1847:
1846:
1683:Alfred Trzebinski
1648:Franz von Bodmann
1600:Lorenz Hackenholt
1442:Theodor van Eupen
1381:Jakob Sporrenberg
1216:
1215:
940:
939:
642:Media related to
578:Pilecki Institute
482:Israeli Air Force
434:Mandate Palestine
305:Hebrew University
225:Yitzhak Zuckerman
222:
221:
143:Lohamei HaGeta'ot
85:Yitzhak Zuckerman
79:
78:
71:
2938:
2740:Treblinka trials
2725:
2724:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2539:Graebe affidavit
2532:Witness accounts
2478:Frank memorandum
2463:
2462:
2358:
2357:
2345:Szmul Zygielbojm
2335:Frumka Płotnicka
2295:Leon Feldhendler
2280:Icchak Cukierman
2234:Ghetto uprisings
2164:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2085:Schutzmannschaft
1906:Feodor Fedorenko
1856:
1855:
1764:Wolfgang Birkner
1552:Heinrich Schwarz
1542:Josef Oberhauser
1517:Heinrich Matthes
1401:Dieter Wisliceny
1391:Richard Thomalla
1366:Heinz Reinefarth
1316:Heinrich Himmler
1261:
1260:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1186:Other atrocities
823:
822:
805:
798:
791:
782:
781:
778:
777:
674:
667:
660:
651:
650:
644:Icchak Cukierman
641:
590:
589:
587:
586:
574:
566:
560:
559:
557:
556:
542:
320:HeHalutz Hatzair
255:in 1943 against
242:
233:Icchak Cukierman
197:
195:
138:
117:13 December 1915
116:
114:
95:
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2921:Polish Zionists
2861:
2860:
2859:
2850:
2817:
2770:
2761:Stutthof trials
2744:
2714:
2671:
2668:
2627:
2613:Holocaust train
2582:
2566:
2554:Witold's Report
2544:Gerstein Report
2527:
2493:Katzmann Report
2473:Auschwitz Album
2448:
2387:
2349:
2315:Michał Klepfisz
2263:
2222:
2171:
2168:
2131:
2071:
2041:Ordnungspolizei
2011:
1990:
1971:Erich Muhsfeldt
1901:Margot Dreschel
1886:Alexander Bülow
1843:
1839:Udo von Woyrsch
1829:Hermann Schaper
1824:Emanuel Schäfer
1809:Josef Meisinger
1769:Helmut Bischoff
1748:
1704:Heinz Auerswald
1692:
1634:
1582:
1576:
1572:Christian Wirth
1482:Gottlieb Hering
1405:
1371:Julian Scherner
1356:Georg Michalsen
1341:Franz Kutschera
1301:Odilo Globocnik
1252:
1249:
1212:
1181:
1043:
1001:
982:Kielce cemetery
936:
873:
812:
809:
772:
683:
678:
634:
599:
594:
593:
584:
582:
572:
568:
567:
563:
554:
552:
544:
543:
530:
525:
503:
495:David Schwimmer
417:Warsaw Uprising
269:
218:(granddaughter)
199:
196: 1946)
191:
187:
160:
149:
140:
136:
127:
118:
112:
110:
102:
86:
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2944:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2911:Labor Zionists
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2827:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2803:Sobibór Museum
2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2644:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2560:Sonderkommando
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:Posen speeches
2500:
2498:Korherr Report
2495:
2490:
2488:Höfle telegram
2485:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2330:Witold Pilecki
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2305:Henryk Iwański
2302:
2300:Paweł Frenkiel
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2105:Arajs Kommando
2081:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2034:
2027:Einsatzgruppen
2023:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1981:Alice Orlowski
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1896:John Demjanjuk
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Gerhard Flesch
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1755:Einsatzgruppen
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1697:Ghetto command
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1678:Horst Schumann
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1537:Johann Niemann
1534:
1529:
1524:
1522:Hermann Michel
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1497:Karl-Otto Koch
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:Irmfried Eberl
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:Fritz Katzmann
1323:
1318:
1313:
1311:Arthur Greiser
1308:
1306:Richard Glücks
1303:
1298:
1293:
1291:Ludwig Fischer
1288:
1283:
1281:Adolf Eichmann
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1225:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
946:
945:Mass shootings
942:
941:
938:
937:
935:
934:
932:Danzig-Matzkau
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
897:Kraków-Płaszów
894:
889:
883:
881:
875:
874:
872:
871:
870:
869:
864:
859:
847:
842:
837:
831:
829:
820:
814:
813:
808:
807:
800:
793:
785:
774:
773:
771:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
697:
692:
688:
685:
684:
677:
676:
669:
662:
654:
648:
647:
633:
632:External links
630:
629:
628:
625:
603:
598:
595:
592:
591:
561:
527:
526:
524:
521:
520:
519:
517:Zivia Lubetkin
514:
509:
502:
499:
478:Roni Zuckerman
460:Adolf Eichmann
359:Zivia Lubetkin
277:Russian Empire
268:
265:
220:
219:
216:Roni Zuckerman
213:
209:
208:
205:
201:
200:
189:
185:Zivia Lubetkin
183:
182:
180:
176:
175:
169:
168:Known for
165:
164:
155:
151:
150:
141:
139:(aged 65)
133:
129:
128:
125:Russian Empire
119:
108:
104:
103:
99:Adolf Eichmann
96:
88:
87:
84:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2943:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:Kielce pogrom
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2653:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2518:Stroop Report
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2458:Documentation
2455:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Marek Edelman
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:Organizations
2174:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2077:Collaboration
2074:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:Organizations
2018:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:Eduard Lorenz
1964:
1962:
1961:Anton Lechner
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1946:Josef Kollmer
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Kurt Gerstein
1914:
1912:
1911:Hans Hoffmann
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1881:Juana Bormann
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1819:Erich Naumann
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:Lothar Beutel
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1744:Jürgen Stroop
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Josef Blösche
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1688:Eduard Wirths
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:Josef Mengele
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:Horst Fischer
1661:
1659:
1658:Karl Gebhardt
1656:
1654:
1653:Carl Clauberg
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:Ludwig Plagge
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Herbert Lange
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1595:Kurt Bolender
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:Gustav Wagner
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1492:Franz Hössler
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1457:Karl Fritzsch
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1427:Wilhelm Boger
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Erwin Lambert
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Wilhelm Koppe
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:Hermann Höfle
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:Theodor Eicke
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1004:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
987:Aktion Krakau
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:Bloody Sunday
955:
953:
950:
949:
947:
943:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
882:
880:
879:Concentration
876:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
853:
852:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
832:
830:
828:
827:Extermination
824:
821:
819:
815:
806:
801:
799:
794:
792:
787:
786:
783:
779:
775:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
698:
696:
695:The Holocaust
693:
690:
689:
686:
682:
675:
670:
668:
663:
661:
656:
655:
652:
645:
640:
636:
635:
626:
624:
623:0-520-07841-1
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
601:
600:
580:
579:
571:
565:
551:
550:sztetl.org.pl
547:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
528:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
507:Marek Edelman
505:
504:
498:
496:
493:, with actor
492:
491:
485:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
463:
461:
458:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:Armia Krajowa
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
355:Dror Hechaluc
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
336:Dror-Hehalutz
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:nom de guerre
238:
234:
230:
226:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
186:
181:
177:
174:
170:
166:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
144:
134:
130:
126:
122:
109:
105:
100:
94:
89:
82:
73:
70:
62:
59:February 2013
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2559:
2483:Höcker Album
2466:Nazi sources
2354:Victim lists
2320:Miles Lerman
2279:
2127:Trawniki men
2067:Hotel Polski
1976:Detlef Nebbe
1941:Oswald Kaduk
1936:Karl Jeschke
1814:Bruno Müller
1804:Felix Landau
1789:Ernst Damzog
1784:Karl Brunner
1753:
1729:Franz Konrad
1630:Adolf Theuer
1583:executioners
1562:Franz Stangl
1532:Robert Mulka
1502:Josef Kramer
1452:Karl Frenzel
1422:Richard Baer
1417:Hans Aumeier
1410:Camp command
1396:Otto Wächter
1276:Josef Bühler
1271:Viktor Brack
1257:Perpetrators
849:
691:Main article
606:
597:Bibliography
583:. Retrieved
576:
564:
553:. Retrieved
549:
512:Izrael Kanal
488:
486:
475:
470:
466:
464:
457:war criminal
454:
427:
425:
421:Armia Ludowa
394:
378:Armia Ludowa
367:
340:
313:
285:Polish state
270:
261:World War II
257:Nazi Germany
248:
224:
223:
137:(1981-06-17)
135:17 June 1981
65:
56:
37:
2901:Kibbutzniks
2876:1981 deaths
2871:1915 births
2603:Gas chamber
2571:Concealment
2562:photographs
2409:Gross-Rosen
2378:Lviv (Lwów)
2340:Roza Robota
2244:Częstochowa
1876:Herta Bothe
1866:Hans Anhalt
1859:Camp guards
1799:Ludwig Hahn
1779:Paul Blobel
1719:Franz Bürkl
1709:Hans Biebow
1668:Fritz Klein
1605:Josef Klehr
1590:Erich Bauer
1581:Gas chamber
1527:Karl Möckel
1512:Maria Mandl
1487:Rudolf Höss
1472:Otto Hantke
1361:Oswald Pohl
1351:Ernst Lerch
1162:Stanisławów
1072:Częstochowa
962:Bronna Góra
892:Gross-Rosen
887:Auschwitz I
480:became the
363:Ładoś Group
281:World War I
241:יצחק צוקרמן
154:Nationality
51:introducing
2906:Ładoś List
2865:Categories
1926:Irma Grese
1921:Paul Götze
1891:Luise Danz
1640:Physicians
1447:Kurt Franz
1296:Hans Frank
1264:Organizers
1208:Heidelager
585:2020-04-07
555:2023-04-21
523:References
399:" side of
341:After the
113:1915-12-13
34:references
2780:Memorials
2677:Aftermath
2444:Treblinka
2399:Auschwitz
2254:Treblinka
2239:Białystok
2227:Uprisings
2007:Treblinka
1852:Personnel
1620:Otto Moll
1610:Hans Koch
1462:Amon Göth
1193:Action T4
1157:Sosnowiec
1127:Nowy Sącz
1062:Białystok
1029:Szczuczyn
977:Erntefest
967:Bydgoszcz
952:Białystok
867:Treblinka
743:Lithuania
442:partisans
409:Home Army
309:Jerusalem
289:Socialism
267:Biography
212:Relatives
2623:Zyklon B
2439:Trawniki
2434:Stutthof
2419:Majdanek
1167:Tarnopol
1107:Lubartów
1019:Jedwabne
922:Trawniki
912:Stutthof
902:Potulice
845:Majdanek
763:Slovakia
617:, 1993.
611:Berkeley
501:See also
490:Uprising
347:Red Army
316:HeHalutz
297:Mizrachi
279:. After
204:Children
101:in 1961.
2608:Gas van
2424:Sobibór
2361:Ghettos
2268:Leaders
2249:Sobibor
2002:Sobibor
1995:By camp
1142:Siedlce
1049:Ghettos
1034:Tykocin
1006:Pogroms
992:Palmiry
917:Szebnie
862:Sobibor
840:Chełmno
768:Ukraine
753:Romania
733:Germany
723:Estonia
718:Denmark
713:Croatia
708:Belgium
703:Belarus
446:Kibbutz
390:Gestapo
328:Grochów
324:kibbutz
293:Zionism
273:Vilnius
259:during
198:
190:
162:Israeli
47:improve
2720:Trials
2695:Bricha
2429:Soldau
2414:Izbica
2404:Bełżec
2383:Warsaw
2368:Kraków
2208:Żegota
1177:Warsaw
1152:Słonim
1147:Sambor
1122:Mizocz
1112:Lublin
1087:Kraków
1082:Kielce
1077:Grodno
1057:Będzin
1039:Wąsosz
1015:(1946)
1013:Kielce
927:Warsaw
907:Soldau
857:Belzec
758:Russia
748:Norway
738:Latvia
728:France
621:
438:Israel
429:Bricha
401:Warsaw
382:Kraków
351:Warsaw
332:Warsaw
237:Hebrew
229:Polish
179:Spouse
158:Polish
147:Israel
36:, but
2392:Camps
2052:RKFDV
1172:Wilno
1137:Radom
1132:Pińsk
1067:Brest
972:Dynów
818:Camps
573:(PDF)
397:Aryan
330:near
249:Antek
192:(
188:
121:Vilna
2835:List
2373:Łódź
2193:Bund
2057:VoMi
2047:WVHA
1102:Łódź
1092:Lwów
1024:Lviv
619:ISBN
388:and
376:and
318:and
303:and
291:and
132:Died
107:Born
2218:ŻZW
2213:ŻOB
2203:PKB
2188:AOB
370:ŻOB
307:in
2867::
2198:GL
2183:AK
2119:/
2115:,
2111:,
2107:,
2103:,
2099:,
2095:/
2091:,
2031:SS
613::
575:.
548:.
531:^
473:.
423:.
386:SS
365:.
338:.
263:.
239::
235:;
231::
194:m.
145:,
123:,
2837:)
2833:(
2663:e
2656:t
2649:v
2163:e
2156:t
2149:v
2123:)
2087:(
2043:)
2039:(
2033:)
2029:(
1244:e
1237:t
1230:v
1098:)
1094:(
804:e
797:t
790:v
673:e
666:t
659:v
588:.
558:.
247:"
227:(
207:2
115:)
111:(
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
