554:." Yang responded, "In the first and second years, Zheng Tan and Chen Yixing were in power. In the third and fourth years, your subject and Li Jue joined them. Of course, the crime is mine." He then stated, "I do not dare to again enter the Office of the Chancellors!" He withdrew from Emperor Wenzong's presence. Emperor Wenzong subsequently sent a eunuch to comfort him, and Zheng partially apologized, stating, "Your subject is foolish. I did not intend to point at Yang Sifu, but Yang Sifu's reaction shows that he has no tolerance for me." Yang responded, "Zheng Tan stated that the governance is deteriorating year by year. This does not only incriminate your subject, but also speaks ill of your holy virtues." Yang then submitted multiple offers to resign. Soon thereafter, Zheng and Chen were stripped of their chancellor posts. It was said that from this point on, the imperial governance was largely in Yang's hands, and he was made, in addition to chancellor,
546:. Yang and Li Jue thereafter recommended Du to be the ministry of census. Chen responded, "Such orders should come from the Emperor. In the past, those who lost stately sovereignty did so by losing their authorities to their subjects." Li Jue responded, "Your Imperial Majesty had told me previously that an Emperor should select chancellors, not suspect them." In a subsequent discussion, Chen again emphasized that the Emperor should not yield authority to his subjects. Li Jue, offended, responded, "Chen Yixing is obviously suspecting that there are chancellors who are stealing power from Your Imperial Majesty. I have often requested retirement, and I would be fortunate to be given a post as an imperial prince's teacher." Zheng then stated, "Your Imperial Majesty ruled well in the first and second years of the
22:
622:), who were not consulted, opposed Li Chengmei, and therefore forged an edict in Emperor Wenzong's name, demoting Li Chengmei back to being the Prince of Chen, while creating another younger brother of Emperor Wenzong's, Li Chan the Prince of Ying, crown prince. Emperor Wenzong soon died, and Li Chan became emperor (as Emperor Wuzong). At Qiu's urging, Emperor Wuzong ordered Li Rong, Li Chengmei, and Consort Yang to commit suicide. During the brief mourning period, Yang Sifu served as
441:, Yang Sifu was made the deputy minister of census. By that point, Yang Yuling had retired, and was old and ill. Yang Sifu requested to resign so that he could attend to his father, but Emperor Wenzong did not accept his resignation. After Yang Yuling died in 830, Yang Sifu left government service to observe a mourning period for him. In 833, at which time LI Zongmin was a chancellor, Yang Sifu was recalled to government service to serve as
211:), was impressed with Yang Yuling. At that time, Han was looking for a husband for his daughter, and he stated to his wife Lady Liu, "I have met many people, but none appears as primed for honors and long life as Mr. Yang. His son will be a chancellor." He thus gave his daughter to Yang Yuling in marriage. After Yang Yuling's term as the sheriff of Jurong for a time, he stayed at nearby Yang Prefecture (揚州, in modern
219:), where Yang Sifu was born. When Han eventually was able to see Yang Sifu, he stroked Yang Sifu's head and stated, "Your name and position will exceed your father's. This is a great celebration for the Yang household." He thus nicknamed Yang Sifu "Qingmen" (meaning, "celebration at the gate"). It was said that when Yang Sifu was six or seven, he could already write well.
695:. Emperor Xuānzong, who despised Li Deyu, sent him out of the capital, and began to move the five chancellors that Emperor Wuzong had exiled — Niu Sengru, Li Zongmin, Cui Gong, Yang Sifu, and Li Jue — closer to the capital. In Yang's case, he was made the prefect of Jiang Prefecture (江州, in modern
653:
Meanwhile, Qiu
Shiliang, who resented Liu Hongyi and Xue Jileng deeply, continued to make allegations against them, and in 841, Emperor Wuzong, believing in those allegations, ordered them to commit suicide, and also sent eunuchs to Hunan's capital Tang Prefecture, and Gui Prefecture (桂州, in modern
363:) that was also part of the Department of State Affairs, Yang Sifu requested a different position to avoid suggestions of impropriety. Emperor Xianzong issued an edict in which he opined that there could be no impropriety since Yang Yuling was not his son's superior. Later, Yang Sifu was made
592:
the Prince of An made crown prince. (In
Emperor Wuzong's later statements, he alleged that Yang Sifu supported Consort Yang in this attempt.) When Emperor Wenzong consulted the chancellors, however, Li Jue opposed. Emperor Wenzong thus made the youngest son of Emperor Jingzong's,
534:
was said to despise Yang and offered to resign, but Chen's request to resign was not accepted by
Emperor Wenzong. Further, as Yang advocated for Li Zongmin, who had been exiled, to be moved closer to the capital, and Chen and another chancellor,
638:), as Emperor Wuzong knew that Yang and Li Jue, who was likewise removed, did not support him. Later that year, after Emperor Wuzong recalled Li Deyu to serve as chancellor, Yang was sent out of the capital to serve as the governor (觀察使,
515:
would later make against her (posthumously) and Yang Sifu, he stated that Yang Sifu had written her a letter in which he referred to her as aunt, although in the same allegation, he referred to a younger brother of hers as Yang Xuansi
666:
did.) At Du Cong's urging, as Du pointed out that
Emperor Wuzong should not become accustomed to killing officials so easily, Li Deyu interceded, along with Chen Yixing (who was again chancellor by this point) and other chancellors
703:). Apparently, soon thereafter, Emperor Xuānzong further ordered Yang recalled to serve as the minister of civil service affairs. In 848, as Yang was on the way back to Chang'an, he died at Yue Prefecture (岳州, in modern
662:), where Li Jue was serving as the governor of Gui District, to order Yang and Li Jue to commit suicide as well. (In the allegations that Emperor Wuzong came to believe, Yang had urged Consort Yang to become regent, like
574:) argued that capable administrators should not be given high positions unless they had honored origins, Yang pointed out that this would lead to incompetence in the government, like what happened during
412:
By 824, Niu Sengru was a chancellor, and he wanted to see Yang also promoted, but as Yang did not want to exceed, in his post, his father Yang Yuling, who was then the defender of the eastern capital
539:, both opposed. It was said that from this point, Yang and Li Jue were often in a factional struggle against Chen and Zheng, causing Emperor Wenzong to be unable to rule on their proposals easily.
455:(after whom the Li Faction would be named by later historians) was the leading chancellor. Soon thereafter, Yang was sent out of the capital to serve as the military governor (
486:
In 837, Yang was recalled to the capital to serve as deputy minister of census, as well as the director of the salt and iron monopolies. In 838, he was made, along with
675:. Emperor Wuzong relented, and both Yang and Li Jue were spared of their lives, but further exiled — in Yang's case, to be the prefect of Chao Prefecture (潮州, in modern
522:), and it would have been somewhat unusual, although not highly so, for Yang Xuansi and Yang Yuling to be brothers but not share a character in their personal names.)
195:), however, would eventually become a prominent official. Prior to Yang Yuling's becoming prominent, he served a term as the sheriff of Jurong County (句容, in modern
451:), one of the secretaries general of the executive bureau. However, that year, Li Zongmin was removed from his chancellor post, and Li Zongmin's political enemy
542:
In 839, there was a major argument that led to the removals of Chen and Zheng. Emperor
Wenzong had praised the talents of the acting director of finances,
728:
1077:
1067:
230:
class, and the next year, he passed a special examination for those with broad knowledge and grand speech. He was thereafter made a copyeditor (校書郎,
1082:
1072:
634:
Soon after
Emperor Wuzong took the throne, Yang Sifu was removed from his chancellor position and made the minister of civil service affairs (吏部尚書,
475:). After Li Zongmin again became chancellor in 835, Yang was moved to the nearby (and larger) circuit Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
861:
to pay homage to
Emperor Dezong in 786 and remained there until his death in 787, his seeing his grandson Yang Sifu must be in or before 786. See
399:), also a supervisory official at the ministry of defense, but was also put in charge of drafting imperial edicts. He was soon thereafter made
932:
It is unclear whether Yang was officially the military governor of
Xichuan, or deputy military governor, acting as military governor. Compare
897:
Wu
Yuanheng served as the military governor of Xichuan from 806 to 813, so Yang's service under him must have been during that period. See
1102:
743:
739:
424:, Yang, in that capacity, selected the examinees for passage, and it was said that many of them later became prominent officials.
41:
Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
341:
was commissioned to revise the ceremonies, and at his request, Yang was made his secretary for the task. Yang was also made
302:), and also served as an editor of the imperial history. Because Yang was well-learned in the ceremonies, he was later made
313:
1092:
1036:
1032:
992:
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920:
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might have been a sister of Yang Yuling's, making her an aunt, and in an allegation that
Emperor Wenzong's brother
359:) where at that time, Yang Sifu's father Yang Yuling served as Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Revenue (戶部侍郎,
208:
95:
1097:
1020:
1008:
902:
885:
866:
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and who had never been chancellor, Yang was not made chancellor but was made acting minister of rites (禮部侍郎,
612:) summon Yang Sifu and Li Jue to the palace, to entrust Li Chengmei to them. However, the powerful eunuchs
1062:
692:
1087:
107:
35:
276:), Wu, while later serving as the military governor of Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
421:
259:
131:
30:
438:
437:
After Emperor Jingzong was assassinated around the new year 827 and was succeeded by his brother
99:
203:). The governor of Zhexi Circuit (浙西, headquartered in modern Zhenjiang), which Jurong was in,
512:
508:
386:
119:
103:
420:) and put in charge of the imperial examinations. In 825, by which time Emperor Muzong's son
575:
487:
139:
600:
In spring 840, Emperor Wenzong became gravely ill. He had his trusted eunuchs Liu Hongyi (
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298:), a low-level advisory official at the legislative bureau of government (中書省,
284:), invited them to serve on his staff. Yang was later recalled to the capital
238:. As he passed the imperial examinations under the auspices of the chancellor
235:
588:
had died, and Consort Yang advocated having Emperor Wenzong's younger brother
1046:
733:
163:
73:
504:). He was also created the Count of Hongnong. (Emperor Wenzong's favorite
483:) and to also serve as the mayor of Xichuan's capital Chengdu Municipality.
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246:(after whom the Niu Faction would be named by later historians) and
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469:), as well as the prefect of Dongchuan's capital Zi Prefecture (
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In 846, Emperor Wuzong died and was succeeded by his uncle
122:. His ancestors claimed origins from the royal house of
333:), a low-level official at the Ministry of Justice (刑部,
373:), a supervisory official at the Ministry of War (兵部,
550:
era , while less so in the third and fourth years of
381:
During Emperor Muzong's and Emperor Jingzong's reigns
258:
Later, during the reign of Emperor Dezong's grandson
102:
and (briefly) the reign of Emperor Wenzong's brother
948:, vol. 174 (implying that he was military governor).
581:
Meanwhile, by this point, Emperor Wenzong's son and
461:) of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern
564:), the deputy head of the examination bureau (門下省,
409:), a mid-level official at the legislative bureau.
686:
253:
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642:) of Hunan Circuit (湖南, headquartered in modern
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118:Yang Sifu was born in 783, during the reign of
530:Immediately, Yang Sifu's chancellor colleague
222:In 802, then-19-year-old Yang Sifu passed the
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174:. Yang Sifu's great-grandfather Yang Guansu (
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1083:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Xichuan Circuit
1073:Chancellors under Emperor Wuzong of Tang
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189:Yang Sifu's father Yang Yuling (
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87:(弘農孝穆伯), was an official of the
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568:). When the official Wei Wen (
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433:Before chancellorship
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715:Personal Information
312:), a scholar at the
98:during the reign of
1063:9th-century regents
746:(杨授、杨损、杨技、杨拭、杨捴).
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443:Shangshu Zuo Cheng
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232:Xiaoshulang
168:Sui dynasty
160:Western Wei
148:Han dynasty
144:Qin dynasty
34:may not be
1058:848 deaths
1053:783 births
1047:Categories
828:, vol. 71.
755:Yang Jiong
640:Guanchashi
248:Li Zongmin
244:Niu Sengru
242:, as were
209:chancellor
152:Former Yan
96:chancellor
744:Yang Zong
725:Yang Shou
681:Guangdong
664:Wu Zetian
537:Zheng Tan
506:concubine
290:You Shiyi
240:Quan Deyu
234:) at the
205:Han Huang
197:Zhenjiang
70:Yang Sifu
1031:, vols.
1021:vol. 174
1009:vol. 176
993:vol. 248
977:vol. 246
921:vol. 243
903:vol. 158
886:vol. 174
867:vol. 129
859:Chang'an
846:vol. 164
812:vol. 176
750:Grandson
729:Yang Sun
697:Nanchang
677:Chaozhou
669:Cui Gong
644:Changsha
552:Kaicheng
548:Kaicheng
501:同中書門下平章事
492:de facto
463:Mianyang
458:Jiedushi
286:Chang'an
213:Yangzhou
36:reliable
740:Yang Ji
705:Yueyang
701:Jiangxi
673:Cui Dan
660:Guangxi
590:Li Rong
586:Li Yong
544:Du Cong
481:Sichuan
477:Chengdu
467:Sichuan
453:Li Deyu
414:Luoyang
282:Sichuan
278:Chengdu
226:in the
217:Jiangsu
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138:of the
130:of the
89:Chinese
81:Qingmen
656:Guilin
624:regent
488:Li Jue
375:Bingbu
335:Xingbu
316:(太常寺,
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