128:
119:
691:
679:
234:
Celadet Alî Bedirxan who was elected as its president as well as Süleymniyeli Kerim Rüstem Bey, Memduh Selim, Mehmet Şükrü Sekban, Haco Agha, Ramanlı Emin, Ali Rıza, Bozan bey Shahin and
Mustafa bey Şahin were elected as members of the first central committee of Xoybûn. The Xoybûn can be viewed as a
227:, represented in several western countries and mostly by members of the Bedirxan family. The Xoybûn presented itself as a progressive but pragmatic organization, which had an independence as a goal wanted to learn from former decisions which led to the failure of the
665:, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis' in Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-Beaujean,
218:
for the ARF and by
Celadet Bedir Khan, Mehmet Şükru Sekban, Ali Riza (the son of Sheik Said and others on the side of the Xoybun. The Xoybûn had two separate sections. And armed section and a political one. The armed wing was led by
667:
Syncretistic
Religious Communities in the Near East: Collected Papers of the International Symposium "Alevism in Turkey and Comparable Sycretistic Religious Communities in the Near East in the Past and Present" Berlin, 14-17 April
404:, but under pressure from Turkey the British Empire and France restricted the activities of those involved in the Xoybûn. Turkey accused Kurdish and Armenian rebels several times to have invaded Turkey with the aim to assassinate
690:
Martin van
Bruinessen, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis',
272:
239:, who favored autonomy for the Kurds instead of independence. Turkey severely opposed the activities for Kurdish independence which amounted to the closure of Xoybuns activities in
265:
369:, Memdûh Selîm and others, Xoybûn decided to promote Ihsan Nuri, a former officer in the Ottoman and Turkish armies, to general (pasha) and sent him to
1223:
258:
713:
800:
Le mouvement kurde de
Turquie en exil: continuités et discontinuités du nationalisme kurde sous le mandat français en Syrie et au Liban (1925-1946)
970:
1163:
1722:
1727:
1717:
1174:
1065:
1583:
1681:
1207:
1168:
327:
194:(Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti), Kürt Teşkilat-ı İçtimaiye Cemiyeti and Kürt Millet Fırkası. Prominent members of the congress were
187:
1707:
1571:
1505:
1041:
920:
904:
Aspects of the social and political history of the Yazidi enclave of Jabal Sinjar (Iraq) under the
British mandate, 1919-1932
873:
807:
788:
1485:
1256:
1086:
1618:
1547:
1392:
1228:
963:
1565:
1398:
1386:
1308:
1607:
1403:
1047:
1031:
939:
892:
845:
826:
769:
675:
207:
1595:
1559:
396:
and Ihsan Nuri Pasha to the post of general commander of the
Kurdish Armed Forces. Xoybûn also made appeals to the
1732:
1702:
1342:
1185:
956:
885:
Syria's Kurds: History, Politics and
Society Volume 16 of Routledge Advances in Middle East and Islamic Studies
1251:
1137:
1125:
979:
1142:
1493:
1474:
1347:
1268:
1212:
283:
66:
1577:
1541:
1529:
1433:
1353:
1262:
710:
1553:
1535:
1444:
1217:
1202:
1196:
1712:
1601:
1381:
1059:
1002:
1517:
1511:
1499:
1375:
405:
1589:
1456:
1274:
1240:
1234:
1190:
1131:
1053:
704:
195:
36:
1468:
1147:
911:
Bozarslan, Hamit (2008). Faroqhi, Suraiya; Kasaba, Reşat; Kunt, I. Metin; Fleet, Kate (eds.).
1450:
662:
310:
305:
236:
228:
1651:
1091:
299:
8:
1666:
1646:
1180:
151:
71:
489:"عومەر شێخمووس: لە یەكەم رۆژەوە پێشنیازم بۆ بەرپرسانی رۆژئاوا كرد لەگەڵ سووریا رێكبكەون"
206:) and Haco Agha amongst others. In the same month the Xoybûn achieved a treaty with the
1661:
1656:
393:
378:
199:
366:
186:, during a congress of several Kurdish notables, Xoybûn was founded by members of the
1439:
935:
916:
888:
869:
841:
822:
803:
784:
765:
671:
401:
104:
1671:
1523:
409:
321:
315:
155:
143:
488:
127:
1359:
717:
348:
183:
1246:
389:
250:
215:
51:
1696:
1313:
1070:
1036:
385:
79:
397:
31:
866:
Krieg und
Revolution in Syrisch-Kurdistan: Analysen und Stimmen aus Rojava
118:
203:
948:
762:
Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Before and After the Arab
Uprisings
220:
159:
75:
1636:
1120:
932:
The Kurds of Syria: Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East
838:
The Arab Revolts: Dispatches on Militant Democracy in the Middle East
332:
167:
163:
365:
Under the leadership of Celadet Alî Bedirxan, Kamuran Alî Bedirxan,
224:
179:
191:
166:
joined the movement as well, the party was active in all parts of
1293:
987:
370:
344:
1676:
1418:
1279:
240:
211:
47:
530:
1641:
1462:
1327:
354:
1105:
1016:
574:
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620:
596:
456:
454:
452:
439:
437:
569:
559:
557:
542:
449:
434:
422:
223:, an Ottoman soldier. The political wing was based in
725:
608:
584:
554:
518:
508:
506:
412:
was subsequently put down by Turkish forces in 1931.
632:
472:
373:with 20 comrades. They published a newspaper named
210:(ARF/Dashnaktsutyun). The treaty was negotiated in
737:
644:
503:
1694:
1301:
280:
154:political party, that is known for leading the
1224:Kurdistan Democratic Party – Progressive Front
1164:Action Party for the Independence of Kurdistan
964:
381:declared its independence on 8 October 1927.
266:
759:
536:
915:. Cambridge University Press. p. 340.
863:
760:Bakis, J. Karakoç; Karakoç, Jülide (2015).
626:
602:
202:, Memduh Selim, Mehdi Saïd (the brother of
1175:Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan
1066:Organization of Iranian Kurdistan Struggle
971:
957:
384:The central committee of Xoybûn appointed
273:
259:
978:
910:
840:. Indiana University Press. p. 178.
702:Mehmet Köçer, "Ağrı İsyanı (1926-1930)",
578:
16:Political party in Republic of Ararat
835:
816:
460:
443:
428:
126:
1682:List of Kurdish dynasties and countries
929:
901:
731:
524:
1695:
1463:Patriotic Revolutionary Youth Movement
1169:Democratic National Union of Kurdistan
857:Kurdish notables in the Ottoman Empire
854:
797:
696:
638:
614:
590:
563:
548:
188:Society for the Elevation of Kurdistan
1584:Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party
952:
882:
859:. State University of New York Press.
512:
254:
1723:Organizations disestablished in 1946
1257:Kurdistan Socialist Democratic Party
1087:Iranian Call and Reform Organization
778:
743:
650:
1619:Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan
1393:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
1229:Kurdistan Democratic Solution Party
1208:Communist Party of Kurdistan – Iraq
934:. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 55.
781:Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East
388:, who was one of the chieftains of
328:Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency
246:
147:
13:
1399:Kurdish Democratic Political Union
1387:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
1042:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran
475:Xoybûn: Civata "Serxwebûn" a Kurdi
131:Xoybun Congress in Lebanon in 1927
14:
1744:
1728:Kurdish nationalist organizations
1718:Organizations established in 1927
1608:Society for the Rise of Kurdistan
1404:Movement for a Democratic Society
1596:Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan
1560:Kurdistan Democratic Party/North
868:(in German). Mandelbaum Verlag.
235:counterweight to the SAK led by
173:
170:until it was dissolved in 1946.
117:
913:The Cambridge History of Turkey
684:
656:
1343:Descendants of Saladin Brigade
1186:Islamic Fayli Grouping in Iraq
783:. Cambridge University Press.
764:. Springer. pp. 190–191.
481:
466:
392:tribe, to the governorship of
208:Armenian Revolution Federation
1:
1252:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
819:A Modern History of the Kurds
415:
1708:Kurdish separatism in Turkey
1494:Communist Party of Kurdistan
1475:Civil Protection Units-Women
1269:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
1213:Kurdistan Conservative Party
864:Schmidinger, Thomas (2017).
798:Gorgas, Jordi Tejel (2007).
473:Mihemedê Mele Ehmed (1993).
285:Kurdish rebellions in Turkey
103:Red, Gold, White and Green (
7:
1542:Kurdistan Communities Union
1530:Freedom and Democracy Party
1003:Yezidi National Union (ULE)
836:McMurray, David A. (2013).
10:
1749:
1554:Islamic Party of Kurdistan
1548:Kurdistan Islamic Movement
1536:Freedom and Equality Party
1218:Kurdistan Democratic Party
1203:Kurdish Tribal Association
1197:Kurdistan Islamic Movement
1048:Kurdistan Democratic Party
753:
716:September 2, 2011, at the
178:On the 5 October 1927, in
1632:
1602:Rights and Freedoms Party
1572:Peoples' Democratic Party
1566:Peace and Democracy Party
1506:Democratic People's Party
1484:
1426:
1417:
1382:Kurdish Supreme Committee
1368:
1348:People's Protection Units
1335:
1326:
1292:
1156:
1113:
1104:
1079:
1060:Kurdistan Free Life Party
1024:
1015:
995:
986:
930:Allsopp, Harriet (2014).
887:. Routledge. p. 18.
802:(in French). Peter Lang.
341:
294:
116:
111:
85:
65:
57:
42:
30:
21:
1578:People's Democracy Party
1518:Democratic Regions Party
1512:Democratic Society Party
1434:Kurdistan Workers' Party
1376:Kurdish National Council
1354:Women's Protection Units
1309:Kurdish Democratic Party
1263:Kurdistan Toilers' Party
1126:Êzîdxan Protection Force
902:Fuccaro, Nelida (1994).
817:McDowall, David (1996).
537:Bakis & Karakoç 2015
1457:Kurdistan Freedom Hawks
1445:People's Defence Forces
1275:Service and Reform List
1241:New Generation Movement
1235:Kurdistan Islamic Union
1191:Kurdistan Islamic Group
1132:Sinjar Resistance Units
1054:Kurdistan Freedom Party
821:. Bloomsbury Academic.
707:Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
1733:Rebel groups in Turkey
1469:Civil Protection Units
1427:Militant organizations
1336:Militant organizations
1114:Militant organizations
1025:Militant organizations
855:Özoğlu, Hasan (2004).
132:
1703:Kurdish organisations
1138:Êzîdxan Women's Units
980:Kurdish organisations
883:Tejel, Jordi (2008).
709:, Cilt: 14, Sayı: 2,
663:Martin van Bruinessen
311:Sheikh Said rebellion
306:Beytussebab rebellion
229:Sheikh Said rebellion
214:on the 29 October by
130:
1652:Kingdom of Kurdistan
1590:People's Labor Party
1092:Kurdish United Front
37:Celadet Alî Bedirxan
1667:Republic of Mahabad
1647:Kurdish nationalism
779:Bein, Amit (2017).
551:, pp. 118–119.
152:Kurdish nationalist
72:Kurdish nationalism
1662:Republic of Ararat
1657:Kurdistansky Uyezd
1451:Free Women's Units
1148:Fayli Kurd Brigade
705:Fırat Üniversitesi
539:, p. 190-191.
379:Republic of Ararat
237:Seyyit Abdul Kadir
200:Celadet Bedir Khan
196:Kamuran Bedir Khan
133:
1690:
1689:
1628:
1627:
1486:Political parties
1440:Kurdish Hizbollah
1413:
1412:
1369:Political parties
1322:
1321:
1302:Political parties
1288:
1287:
1157:Political parties
1100:
1099:
1080:Political parties
1011:
1010:
996:Political parties
922:978-0-521-62096-3
875:978-3-85476-665-0
809:978-3-03911-209-8
790:978-1-107-19800-5
402:League of Nations
362:
361:
300:Koçgiri rebellion
125:
124:
105:Flag of Kurdistan
1740:
1713:Ararat rebellion
1672:Kurdistan Region
1524:Free Cause Party
1424:
1423:
1333:
1332:
1299:
1298:
1143:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê
1111:
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627:Schmidinger 2017
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603:Schmidinger 2017
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410:Ararat rebellion
322:Dersim rebellion
316:Ararat rebellion
289:
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247:Ararat rebellion
156:Ararat rebellion
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1500:Democracy Party
1480:
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1152:
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1007:
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742:
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718:Wayback Machine
701:
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670:, BRILL, 1997,
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367:Ekrem Cemilpaşa
363:
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290:
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281:
279:
249:
184:Greater Lebanon
176:
158:, commanded by
148:,Xoybûn خۆیبوون
99:
96:
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89:
78:
74:
26:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1247:Kurdistan List
1244:
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1215:
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1200:
1194:
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1183:
1178:
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983:
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975:
968:
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953:
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921:
908:
906:. p. 233.
899:
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846:
833:
827:
814:
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736:
724:
695:
683:
655:
643:
631:
619:
617:, p. 101.
607:
595:
593:, p. 222.
583:
581:, p. 340.
579:Bozarslan 2008
568:
566:, p. 119.
553:
541:
529:
527:, p. 233.
517:
502:
480:
465:
463:, p. 178.
448:
446:, p. 172.
433:
431:, p. 203.
420:
419:
417:
414:
394:Agirî Province
360:
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339:
338:
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303:
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216:Vahan Papazian
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83:
82:
69:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
52:French Lebanon
44:
40:
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1360:Kurdish Front
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1314:Razkari Party
1312:
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1071:Sipay Rizgari
1069:
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1040:
1038:
1037:Komalah (CPI)
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1023:
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1018:
1014:
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985:
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962:
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943:
941:9781780765631
937:
933:
928:
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918:
914:
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905:
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896:
894:9781134096435
890:
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877:
871:
867:
862:
858:
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849:
847:9780253009685
843:
839:
834:
830:
828:9781860641855
824:
820:
815:
811:
805:
801:
796:
792:
786:
782:
777:
773:
771:9781137445551
767:
763:
758:
757:
746:, p. 51.
745:
740:
734:, p. 55.
733:
728:
719:
715:
712:
708:
706:
699:
693:
687:
681:
677:
676:9789004108615
673:
669:
664:
659:
653:, p. 50.
652:
647:
641:, p. 98.
640:
635:
629:, p. 61.
628:
623:
616:
611:
605:, p. 62.
604:
599:
592:
587:
580:
575:
573:
565:
560:
558:
550:
545:
538:
533:
526:
521:
515:, p. 18.
514:
509:
507:
490:
484:
476:
469:
462:
461:McMurray 2013
457:
455:
453:
445:
444:McDowall 1996
440:
438:
430:
429:McDowall 1996
425:
421:
413:
411:
407:
406:Mustafa Kemal
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:Ibrahim Heski
382:
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174:Establishment
171:
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161:
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153:
145:
141:
137:
129:
120:
115:
110:
106:
88:
84:
81:
80:Republicanism
77:
73:
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64:
60:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
38:
35:
33:
29:
20:
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931:
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903:
884:
865:
856:
837:
818:
799:
780:
761:
739:
732:Allsopp 2014
727:
721:(in Turkish)
703:
698:
686:
666:
658:
646:
634:
622:
610:
598:
586:
544:
532:
525:Fuccaro 1994
520:
493:. Retrieved
491:(in Kurdish)
483:
474:
468:
424:
398:Great Powers
383:
374:
364:
320:
298:
233:
177:
139:
135:
134:
1562:(KDP/Bakur)
639:Özoğlu 2004
615:Özoğlu 2004
591:Gorgas 2007
564:Gorgas 2007
549:Gorgas 2007
495:21 December
204:Sheikh Said
1697:Categories
1526:(HÜDA PAR)
1453:(YJA-STAR)
1378:(KNC-ENKS)
513:Tejel 2008
416:References
221:Ihsan Nuri
160:Ihsan Nuri
112:Party flag
76:Secularism
1637:Kurdistan
1604:(HAK-PAR)
1477:(YPS-Jin)
1406:(TEV-DEM)
1121:Peshmerga
744:Bein 2017
651:Bein 2017
357:rebellion
351:rebellion
333:Serhildan
243:in 1928.
168:Kurdistan
164:Armenians
58:Dissolved
714:Archived
400:and the
225:Damascus
180:Bhamdoun
150:) was a
140:Khoyboun
67:Ideology
1580:(HADEP)
1532:(ÖZDEP)
1508:(DEHAP)
1465:(YDG-H)
1395:(KDP-S)
1294:Lebanon
1044:(KDP-I)
988:Armenia
754:Sources
711:s. 385.
371:Erzurum
349:Kurdish
162:. Many
144:Kurdish
43:Founded
1677:Rojava
1621:(PPKK)
1613:Xoybûn
1538:(ÖZEP)
1419:Turkey
1389:(HNKS)
1280:Shursh
1259:(KSDP)
1231:(PÇDK)
1181:Gorran
1177:(DPAK)
1171:(YNDK)
1062:(PJAK)
1032:Komala
938:
919:
891:
872:
844:
825:
806:
787:
768:
692:p. 14.
680:p. 13.
674:
408:. The
390:Jalali
377:. The
241:Aleppo
212:Beirut
136:Xoybûn
100:
97:
94:
91:
86:Colors
48:Beirut
32:Leader
24:Xoybûn
1642:Kurds
1615:(CSK)
1598:(PŞK)
1592:(HEP)
1586:(DEM)
1574:(HDP)
1568:(BDP)
1556:(PİK)
1550:(HİK)
1544:(KCK)
1520:(DBP)
1514:(DTP)
1502:(DEP)
1496:(KKP)
1471:(YPS)
1459:(TAK)
1447:(HPG)
1436:(PKK)
1356:(YPJ)
1350:(YPG)
1328:Syria
1271:(PUK)
1265:(KZP)
1237:(KIU)
1220:(KDP)
1199:(IMK)
1193:(IGK)
1134:(YBŞ)
1128:(HPŞ)
1056:(PAK)
1050:(KDP)
375:Agirî
345:Alevi
192:Azadî
46:1927
1243:(NG)
1106:Iraq
1017:Iran
936:ISBN
917:ISBN
889:ISBN
870:ISBN
842:ISBN
823:ISBN
804:ISBN
785:ISBN
766:ISBN
672:ISBN
668:1995
497:2019
355:Zaza
61:1946
353:2.
343:1.
138:or
1699::
678:,
571:^
556:^
505:^
451:^
436:^
231:.
198:,
190:,
182:,
146::
50:,
972:e
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958:v
944:.
925:.
897:.
878:.
850:.
831:.
812:.
793:.
774:.
499:.
477:.
347:+
274:e
267:t
260:v
142:(
107:)
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