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XII Corps (Union Army)

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936: 22: 352: 563:) was adopted by the reorganized corps. The new organization was formed by the consolidation of the XI and XII corps, to which was added some minor commands. This action of the War Department was based on the small sizes of the two corps: the XI had been extremely damaged at Gettysburg and the XII had always been the smallest in the army. Nonetheless, the soldiers of the XII Corps were very upset at the loss of their original corps identity. 348:, it entered the fight early in the morning, and carried a position near, and in front of, the Dunker Church. General Mansfield fell, mortally wounded, while deploying his columns, and the command of the corps during the battle devolved on General Williams. The two divisions lost in this battle, 275 killed, 1,386 wounded, and 85 missing; total, 69 42, out of about 8,000 present in action. 548: 96: 427:, the XII Corps distinguished itself by its gallant defense of Culp's Hill on July 2–3, 1863. General Slocum was in command of the right wing at Gettysburg, which left Alpheus S. Williams, of the 1st Division, in command of the corps; Thomas H. Ruger of the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, took Williams's place as commander of the division; Geary commanded the 2nd Division. 408:. The corps at this time contained 30 regiments of infantry, with five batteries of light artillery, numbering in all 19,929 present for duty. Its losses at Chancellorsville amounted to 260 killed, 1,436  wounded, and 1,118 missing; total, 2,814. The hardest fighting and heaviest losses fell on the brigades of Brig. Gen. 451:
out. After a long, hard fight the corps succeeded in re-occupying its works. On no part of the field did the Confederate dead lie thicker than in front of the XII Corps position. Johnson's Division, containing 22 regiments, lost in this particular action, 229 killed, 1,269 wounded, and
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Division, but his brigade successfully repulsed the attack. A civil engineer, Greene insisted that his men prepare impressive defensive works on the hill. Still, some of Johnson's troops effected, without opposition, a lodgment in the vacated breastworks of the XII Corps, and upon the return of those
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had succeeded Augur in the command of the 2nd Division. Its depleted columns had been strengthened by the accession of five new regiments of volunteers fresh from the North, three of which were composed of Pennsylvanians enlisted for nine months only. The corps now numbered 12,300 present for
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and XII Corps; and yet amid all the rout and confusion of that disastrous battle the regiments of the XII Corps moved steadily with unbroken fronts, retiring at the close of the battle without the loss of a color, while the corps artillery, after having been engaged in the close fighting at the
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was also fought by this corps, alone and unassisted; and, although defeated by the overwhelming force of the enemy, the record shows that the two divisions did some of the best fighting of the war there. In that battle the divisions were commanded by Generals Williams and
442:. Slocum persuaded Meade to leave one brigade behind to hold the critical position: Greene's Brigade, of Geary's Division. While occupying this position on Culp's Hill, with an excessively long line to defend and no other troops in support, Greene was attacked by 508:. Geary pushed on to effect a junction with the beleaguered army at Chattanooga. On the night of October 27, his division bivouacked in Lookout Valley, in an advanced and isolated position, where he was attacked at midnight by a part of 1198: 288:, 107th New York, 28th Pennsylvania, 46th Pennsylvania, 3rd Wisconsin, and others equally famous as crack regiments; all of them with household names in the communities from which they were recruited. 1178: 520:, stated in his official report that "the repulse by Geary's Division of greatly superior numbers who attempted to surprise him, will rank among the most distinguished feats of arms of this war." 1141: 512:'s command. But Geary had taken proper precautions against surprise, and Longstreet was repulsed, Geary receiving in this affair a prompt and gallant support from part of the XI Corps. General 830: 1117: 1188: 566:
Upon the discontinuance of the XII Corps, General Slocum was assigned to the command of the District of Vicksburg, but resumed the corps command—of the XX Corps—during the
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During the Maryland Campaign, the corps was formally added to the Army of the Potomac and renamed the XII Corps. Nathaniel Banks was relieved of command and replaced by
1560: 1224: 1219: 963: 383:. The XII Corps spent the Battle of Fredericksburg at Harper's Ferry and was not involved in that battle. The corps went into winter quarters at Stafford Court House. 1255: 1167: 894: 1193: 1183: 1100: 1069: 1015: 1005: 1292: 1020: 973: 460:, which were sent to Johnson's support. The XII Corps, containing 28 regiments, lost 204 killed, 810 wounded, and 67 missing; total, 1,081. 1131: 904: 337:
duty, including the non-combatants; it contained 22 regiments of infantry and three batteries of light artillery. It was the smallest corps in the army.
1121: 968: 889: 1297: 559:. Generals Williams and Geary still retained command of their divisions and the men still wore their XII Corps badge. This badge (a five-pointed star, or 1250: 1105: 480:
into Virginia, the XII Corps joining in the pursuit, pushing forward until it reached the Rappahannock. While encamped there, on September 23, 1863, the
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instead of the customary three—but was composed of excellent material. Among its regiments were the 2nd Massachusetts, 7th Ohio, 5th Connecticut,
1282: 1036: 317:; loss, 302 killed, 1,320 wounded, and 594 missing; total, 2,216, out of less than 6,000 engaged. This loss fell on four brigades, 1565: 51: 332:, an old Regular Army veteran with 40 years of service. Its division and brigade organization were the same as at Cedar Mountain; Brig. Gen. 452:
375 missing; total, 1,873. To this must be added the losses suffered in the 14 regiments from the brigades of William Smith,
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Chancellor House, withdrew in good order, taking every gun with them. In this campaign Slocum's troops were the first to cross the
273:. On September 12, General Order 129, it was ordered that its designation be changed to that of the XII Corps and that Maj. Gen. 269:
ordered that "the troops of the Shenandoah Department, now under General Banks, shall constitute the Second Army Corps" of the
500:. Arriving in Tennessee, Geary's Division moved to the front, while Williams's Division was stationed along the railroad from 344:, although it marched in plain view of the battle that was raging on the mountain's side, ahead of its dusty columns. At the 247: 1046: 285: 795: 778: 73: 242:
was first created. By that order, five different corps were constituted: one of which, composed of the divisions of
44: 866: 321:'s Brigade losing 867 men out of 1679, reported by Crawford as "present in engagement". The corps spent the 1368: 531:, where the 2nd Division fought its famous "battle above the clouds". Geary was assisted in this engagement by 263: 994: 989: 856: 575: 296:
The corps had done considerable hard fighting under its former title. Shields's Division won a victory over
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The vacancy caused by the death of General Mansfield was filled by the appointment of Maj. Gen.
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General Order of March 13, 1862, under which the corps organization of the
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After April 18, 1864, the divisions of the XII Corps became part of the
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In April 1864, the designation of the corps was changed to that of the
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On the afternoon of July 2 the corps was ordered by army commander
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at Bristoe Station and did not participate in that engagement.
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was followed in the next month by the brilliant victory at
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Cavalry Corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi
790:, reprinted by Morningside Bookshop, Dayton, Ohio, 1993, 484:
and XII corps were detached from the army and ordered to
416:. The divisions were commanded by Generals Williams and 1571:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1864
304:on March 23, and Williams' Division fought well at 386: 1561:Military units and formations established in 1862 1547: 806: 434:to disengage from Culp's Hill and reinforce the 43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks 729:September 13, 1863 – September 25, 1863 669:September 15, 1862 – September 17, 1862 659:September 12, 1862 – September 15, 1862 447:troops a desperate battle ensued to drive the 258:. These divisions were then operating in the 679:September 17, 1862 – October 20, 1862 787:Regimental Losses in the American Civil War 719:August 31, 1863 – September 13, 1863 1199:District of West Florida and South Alabama 740:September 25, 1863 – April 18, 1864 656:            355:Site of XII Corps Redoubt #3, overlooking 291: 917:Department of Virginia and North Carolina 74:Learn how and when to remove this message 1566:1862 establishments in the United States 551:Union Army 1st Division Badge, XII Corps 546: 350: 1179:District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson 769:Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., 641:26 June 1862 – 12 September 1862 308:, May 25, while on Banks' retreat. The 280:The XII Corps was small—only two 1548: 689:October 20, 1862 – July 1, 1863 805: 709:July 4, 1863 – August 31, 1863 438:line on its extreme left flank, near 602:March 13, 1862 – 4 April 1862 379:, and at the successful storming of 15: 773:, Stanford University Press, 2001, 13: 699:July 1, 1863 – July 4, 1863 620:4 April 1862 – 26 June 1862 585: 14: 1582: 1189:District of Key West and Tortugas 934: 750:; other entries assigned to the 608:As Department of the Shenandoah 542: 94: 20: 867:District of Southern California 404:, and the last to re-cross the 387:Chancellorsville and Gettysburg 1261:District of Southwest Missouri 910:Northern District (Charleston) 746: * Corps assigned to the 371:, a division commander of the 1: 995:Department of the Susquehanna 990:Department of the Monongahela 763: 298:Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson 100:XII Corps, 1st Division Badge 1241:District of Central Missouri 1158:District of Eastern Arkansas 1111:District of Western Kentucky 1080:District of Northern Alabama 1075:District of Middle Tennessee 1066:Department of the Cumberland 921:District of Eastern Virginia 836:District of Western New York 826:District of Central New York 807:Formations of the Union Army 638:        617:        599:        463: 444:Edward "Allegheny" Johnson's 7: 1279:Department of the Northwest 1028:Department of West Virginia 250:and commanded by Maj. Gen. 10: 1587: 1246:District of North Missouri 1230:District of Upper Arkansas 1096:District of East Tennessee 1085:District of West Tennessee 1032:District of Harper's Ferry 986:Department of Pennsylvania 959:Department of Rappahannock 926:District of North Carolina 900:District of North Carolina 393:Battle of Chancellorsville 176:Battle of Lookout Mountain 164:Battle of Chancellorsville 152:First Battle of Winchester 1402: 1306: 1140: 1045: 979:District of Eastern Shore 943: 932: 879:Department of the Potomac 843:Department of the Pacific 831:District of Massachusetts 812: 323:Second Battle of Bull Run 186: 181: 148:First Battle of Kernstown 143: 133: 123: 113: 105: 93: 88: 1389:Army of West Mississippi 1268:Department of New Mexico 1225:District of South Kansas 1220:District of North Kansas 1163:District of the Frontier 1011:District of Saint Mary's 1002:Department of Washington 964:Department of Shenandoah 310:Battle of Cedar Mountain 254:, was designated as the 234:The corps was formed by 156:Battle of Cedar Mountain 29:This article includes a 1354:Army of the Mississippi 1256:District of Saint Louis 1168:District of Little Rock 895:District of Hilton Head 886:Department of the South 771:Civil War High Commands 488:as a reinforcement for 357:Aquia Landing, Virginia 292:The Valley and Antietam 58:more precise citations. 1369:Army of the Shenandoah 1324:Army of the Cumberland 1237:Department of Missouri 1194:District of La Fourche 1184:District of Carrollton 1175:Department of the Gulf 1154:Department of Arkansas 1101:Department of Kentucky 1092:Department of the Ohio 1070:District of the Etowah 1016:District of Washington 1006:District of Alexandria 862:District of California 822:Department of the East 748:Army of the Cumberland 552: 518:Army of the Cumberland 364: 340:It was not engaged at 277:be placed in command. 1394:Army of West Virginia 1379:Army of the Tennessee 1374:Army of the Southwest 1293:District of Wisconsin 1288:District of Minnesota 1021:District of Annapolis 974:District of Baltimore 550: 354: 1329:Army of the Frontier 1215:District of Nebraska 1210:District of Colorado 1206:Department of Kansas 1132:District of Michigan 1127:District of Illinois 905:District of Savannah 852:District of Humboldt 525:Battle of Wauhatchie 425:Battle of Gettysburg 315:Christopher C. Augur 172:Battle of Wauhatchie 168:Battle of Gettysburg 1364:Army of the Potomac 1272:District of Arizona 1122:District of Indiana 1118:Northern Department 969:Mountain Department 890:District of Florida 847:District of Arizona 752:Army of the Potomac 715:Alpheus S. Williams 695:Alpheus S. Williams 675:Alpheus S. Williams 665:Joseph K. Mansfield 654:Alpheus S. Williams 474:Army of the Potomac 470:Gettysburg Campaign 330:Joseph K. Mansfield 275:Joseph K. Mansfield 244:Alpheus S. Williams 240:Army of the Potomac 236:U.S. War Department 197:Alpheus S. Williams 193:Joseph K. Mansfield 138:Army of the Potomac 1440:Seventh Army Corps 1319:Army of the Border 1298:District of Dakota 857:District of Oregon 636:Nathaniel P. Banks 615:Nathaniel P. Banks 597:Nathaniel P. Banks 580:Carolinas Campaign 553: 535:'s Brigade of the 533:Walter C. Whitaker 406:Rappahannock River 377:Peninsula Campaign 365: 346:Battle of Antietam 319:Samuel W. Crawford 252:Nathaniel P. Banks 229:American Civil War 217:Twelfth Army Corps 160:Battle of Antietam 128:United States Army 31:list of references 1543: 1542: 1445:Eighth Army Corps 1425:Fourth Army Corps 1415:Second Army Corps 1344:Army of the James 1251:District of Rolla 1142:Military Division 1106:District of Cairo 1047:Military Division 955:Middle Department 784:Fox, William F., 744: 743: 645: 644: 624: 623: 606: 605: 516:, commanding the 490:William Rosecrans 391:The brunt of the 260:Shenandoah Valley 206: 205: 84: 83: 76: 1578: 1556:Union Army corps 1450:Ninth Army Corps 1435:Sixth Army Corps 1430:Fifth Army Corps 1420:Third Army Corps 1410:First Army Corps 1384:Army of Virginia 1359:Army of the Ohio 1349:Army of Kentucky 1339:Army of the Gulf 1314:Army of Arkansas 1283:District of Iowa 1037:Kanawha District 938: 872:District of Utah 803: 802: 650: 649: 632: 631: 628:Army of Virginia 611: 610: 593: 592: 576:March to the Sea 568:Atlanta Campaign 529:Lookout Mountain 514:George H. Thomas 510:James Longstreet 458:Edward A. O'Neal 440:Little Round Top 334:George S. Greene 271:Army of Virginia 98: 86: 85: 79: 72: 68: 65: 59: 54:this article by 45:inline citations 24: 23: 16: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1546: 1545: 1544: 1539: 1530:25th Army Corps 1525:24th Army Corps 1510:21st Army Corps 1505:20th Army Corps 1500:19th Army Corps 1495:18th Army Corps 1490:17th Army Corps 1485:16th Army Corps 1480:15th Army Corps 1475:14th Army Corps 1470:13th Army Corps 1465:12th Army Corps 1460:11th Army Corps 1455:10th Army Corps 1398: 1334:Army of Georgia 1302: 1145: 1143: 1136: 1050: 1048: 1041: 946: 945:Middle Military 939: 930: 814: 808: 766: 736:Henry W. Slocum 725:Henry W. Slocum 705:Henry W. Slocum 685:Henry W. Slocum 588: 586:Command history 572:Army of Georgia 545: 466: 432:George G. Meade 410:Thomas H. Ruger 389: 369:Henry W. Slocum 294: 286:13th New Jersey 267:Abraham Lincoln 209: 201:Henry W. Slocum 199: 195: 188: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 109:1862–1864 101: 80: 69: 63: 60: 49: 35:related reading 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 1584: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1520:23d Army Corps 1517: 1515:22d Army Corps 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1399: 1397: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1301: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1275: 1274: 1264: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1233: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1150: 1148: 1138: 1137: 1135: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1114: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1062: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1024: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 998: 997: 992: 982: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 951: 949: 941: 940: 933: 931: 929: 928: 923: 913: 912: 907: 902: 897: 892: 882: 881: 875: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 839: 838: 833: 828: 818: 816: 810: 809: 800: 799: 782: 765: 762: 742: 741: 738: 731: 730: 727: 721: 720: 717: 711: 710: 707: 701: 700: 697: 691: 690: 687: 681: 680: 677: 671: 670: 667: 661: 660: 657: 643: 642: 639: 622: 621: 618: 604: 603: 600: 587: 584: 544: 541: 492:, besieged in 465: 462: 388: 385: 381:Crampton's Gap 342:South Mountain 293: 290: 262:. On June 26, 207: 204: 203: 190: 184: 183: 179: 178: 145: 141: 140: 135: 131: 130: 125: 121: 120: 115: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 99: 91: 90: 82: 81: 39:external links 28: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1583: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1536: 1535:Cavalry Corps 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1149: 1147: 1139: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1054: 1052: 1044: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1003: 1000: 999: 996: 993: 991: 987: 984: 983: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 956: 953: 952: 950: 948: 942: 937: 927: 924: 922: 918: 915: 914: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 887: 884: 883: 880: 877: 876: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 844: 841: 840: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 823: 820: 819: 817: 811: 804: 797: 796:0-685-72194-9 793: 789: 788: 783: 780: 779:0-8047-3641-3 776: 772: 768: 767: 761: 759: 754: 753: 749: 739: 737: 733: 732: 728: 726: 723: 722: 718: 716: 713: 712: 708: 706: 703: 702: 698: 696: 693: 692: 688: 686: 683: 682: 678: 676: 673: 672: 668: 666: 663: 662: 658: 655: 652: 651: 648: 647:As XII Corps 640: 637: 634: 633: 630: 629: 619: 616: 613: 612: 609: 601: 598: 595: 594: 591: 583: 581: 577: 574:while on the 573: 569: 564: 562: 558: 549: 543:Redesignation 540: 538: 534: 530: 526: 523:The midnight 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 498:Joseph Hooker 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 478:Robert E. Lee 475: 471: 461: 459: 455: 454:Junius Daniel 450: 445: 441: 437: 433: 428: 426: 421: 419: 418:John W. Geary 415: 414:Charles Candy 411: 407: 403: 402:Rapidan River 398: 394: 384: 382: 378: 374: 370: 362: 361:Redoubt No. 2 358: 353: 349: 347: 343: 338: 335: 331: 326: 324: 320: 316: 311: 307: 303: 299: 289: 287: 283: 278: 276: 272: 268: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 248:James Shields 245: 241: 237: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 208:Military unit 202: 198: 194: 191: 185: 180: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 146: 142: 139: 136: 132: 129: 126: 122: 119: 118:United States 116: 112: 108: 104: 97: 92: 87: 78: 75: 67: 57: 53: 47: 46: 40: 36: 32: 27: 18: 17: 1464: 1307:Field Armies 786: 770: 755: 745: 646: 626:As II Corps 625: 607: 589: 565: 554: 522: 502:Murfreesboro 467: 449:Confederates 429: 422: 395:fell on the 390: 366: 339: 327: 295: 279: 233: 216: 212: 210: 134:Part of 70: 61: 50:Please help 42: 1146:Mississippi 1051:Mississippi 815:Departments 813:Independent 590:As V Corps 578:and in the 494:Chattanooga 227:during the 144:Engagements 56:introducing 1550:Categories 1403:Army Corps 764:References 506:Bridgeport 468:After the 306:Winchester 225:Union Army 189:commanders 182:Commanders 64:April 2009 561:pentagram 486:Tennessee 464:Tennessee 412:and Col. 302:Kernstown 282:divisions 264:President 213:XII Corps 89:XII Corps 947:Division 758:XX Corps 557:XX Corps 537:IV Corps 476:pursued 373:VI Corps 219:) was a 1144:of West 423:At the 256:V Corps 223:of the 187:Notable 114:Country 52:improve 1049:of the 794:  777:  472:, the 456:, and 124:Branch 106:Active 436:Union 221:corps 37:, or 792:ISBN 775:ISBN 246:and 211:The 504:to 300:at 1552:: 1281:: 1270:: 1239:: 1208:: 1177:: 1156:: 1120:: 1094:: 1068:: 1030:: 1004:: 988:: 957:: 919:: 888:: 845:: 824:: 760:. 734:* 582:. 482:XI 420:. 397:XI 363:). 231:. 41:, 33:, 798:. 781:. 215:( 77:) 71:( 66:) 62:( 48:.

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United States
United States Army
Army of the Potomac
First Battle of Kernstown
First Battle of Winchester
Battle of Cedar Mountain
Battle of Antietam
Battle of Chancellorsville
Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Wauhatchie
Battle of Lookout Mountain
Joseph K. Mansfield
Alpheus S. Williams
Henry W. Slocum
corps
Union Army
American Civil War
U.S. War Department
Army of the Potomac
Alpheus S. Williams
James Shields
Nathaniel P. Banks

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