Knowledge

Word formation

Source 📝

597:
and hashtagging is a morphological process. Social media users view the syntax of existing viral hashtags as guiding principles for creating new ones. A hashtag's popularity is therefore influenced more by the presence of popular hashtags with similar syntactic patterns than by its conciseness and
622:, which is a change in a single word's meaning. The boundary between word formation and semantic change can be difficult to define as a new use of an old word can be seen as a new word derived from an old one and identical to it in form. 342:
In linguistics, back-formation is the process of forming a new word by removing actual affixes, or parts of the word that is re-analyzed as an affix, from other words to create a base. Examples include:
247: 618:
There are processes for forming new dictionary items which are not considered under the umbrella of word formation. One specific example is
890: 767: 137:
Inflection is modifying a word for the purpose of fitting it into the grammatical structure of a sentence. For example:
708: 831: 741: 673: 537:
Compounding is the processing of combining two bases, where each base may be a fully-fledged word. For example:
1020: 282:
Initialisms are similar to acronyms, but where the letters are pronounced as a series of letters. For example:
17: 273:
Acronyms are usually written entirely in capital letters, though some words originating as acronyms, like
613: 966: 929: 791: 406: 930:"#AreHashtagsWords? Structure, position, and syntactic integration of hashtags in (English) tweets" 287: 86: 54: 532: 762:. Anne, July 8- Baker, Kees Hengeveld. Malden, MA.: John Wiley & Sons. 2012. p. 217. 971: 934: 8: 867: 785: 309: 851: 984: 947: 886: 827: 823: 773: 763: 737: 733: 704: 669: 665: 433:
A lexical blend is a complex word typically made of two word fragments. For example:
409:
of back-formation is limited, with the most productive forms of back-formation being
73:
A common method of word formation is the attachment of inflectional or derivational
976: 939: 907: 863: 819: 729: 661: 653: 619: 607: 399: 216:
An acronym is a word formed from the first letters of other words. For example:
513: 337: 31: 980: 943: 1014: 988: 951: 777: 523:
heading, there are debates as to how far blending is a matter of morphology.
757: 428: 42: 422: 410: 132: 34:. For the study of the origin and historical development of words, see 581:
Compounding is a topic relevant to syntax, semantics, and morphology.
1005: 35: 590: 379: 211: 61: 928:
Calude, Andreea S.; Long, Maebh; Burnette, Jessie (2024-06-07).
883:
An Introduction to English Morphology: Words and Their Structure
275: 74: 816:
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (Second Edition)
726:
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (Second Edition)
658:
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (Second Edition)
594: 221: 885:(2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press. p. 71. 27:
Creation of new lexemes or the process of changing words
601: 53:the processes through which words can change (i.e. 927: 880: 703:. Malden, MA.: John Wiley & Sons. p. 23. 1012: 814:Katamba, F. (1 January 2006). "Back-Formation". 724:Katamba, F. (1 January 2006). "Back-Formation". 584: 49:is an ambiguous term that can refer to either: 698: 205: 852:"A Decade of Morphology and Word Formation" 967:"The role of syntax in hashtag popularity" 908:"The 'hashtag': A new word or a new rule?" 251:(pronounced /aidʒæl/) is the acronym for 915:Skase Journal of Theoretical Linguistics 849: 813: 723: 14: 1013: 519:Although blending is listed under the 699:Baker, Anne; Hengeveld, Kees (2012). 651: 845: 843: 809: 807: 805: 803: 801: 694: 692: 647: 645: 643: 641: 639: 637: 635: 964: 958: 905: 881:Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew (2018). 868:10.1146/annurev.an.12.100183.002035 279:, are now treated as common nouns. 181: 119:are all derived from the base word 24: 899: 717: 602:Word formation vs. Semantic change 30:For the geological formation, see 25: 1032: 840: 798: 689: 632: 398:. This process leads to a lot of 331: 148:are inflected from the base word 68: 186: 921: 874: 824:10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00108-5 750: 734:10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00108-5 666:10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/04235-8 526: 13: 1: 965:Wan, Ming Feng (2024-03-12). 856:Annual Review of Anthropology 759:Linguistics : the basics 625: 585:Hashtagging as word formation 126: 80: 652:Bauer, L. (1 January 2006). 378:The process is motivated by 174:are inflected from the base 7: 999: 614:conversion (word formation) 416: 157:is inflected from the verb 10: 1037: 611: 605: 530: 426: 420: 335: 209: 206:Acronyms & Initialisms 130: 84: 29: 981:10.1515/lingvan-2023-0051 944:10.1515/lingvan-2023-0044 361:is formed from the noun 87:Morphological derivation 64:in a particular language 570:is formed by combining 557:is formed by combining 544:is formed by combining 371:is a back-formation of 351:is a back-formation of 906:Caleffi, Paola-Maria. 850:Aronoff, Mark (1983). 790:: CS1 maint: others ( 533:Compound (linguistics) 1021:Linguistic morphology 660:. Elsevier: 632–633. 589:Linguists argue that 972:Linguistics Vanguard 935:Linguistics Vanguard 60:the creation of new 512:, referring to the 225:is the acronym for 191:Examples includes: 91:Examples include: 892:978-1-4744-2896-5 769:978-0-631-23035-9 16:(Redirected from 1028: 993: 992: 962: 956: 955: 925: 919: 918: 912: 903: 897: 896: 878: 872: 871: 847: 838: 837: 811: 796: 795: 789: 781: 754: 748: 747: 721: 715: 714: 696: 687: 686: 684: 682: 654:"Word Formation" 649: 521:Nonmorphological 182:Nonmorphological 21: 1036: 1035: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1011: 1010: 1002: 997: 996: 963: 959: 926: 922: 910: 904: 900: 893: 879: 875: 848: 841: 834: 812: 799: 783: 782: 770: 756: 755: 751: 744: 722: 718: 711: 697: 690: 680: 678: 676: 650: 633: 628: 620:semantic change 616: 610: 608:semantic change 604: 587: 535: 529: 431: 425: 419: 400:denominal verbs 340: 334: 234:eronautics and 214: 208: 189: 184: 135: 129: 89: 83: 71: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1034: 1024: 1023: 1009: 1008: 1001: 998: 995: 994: 957: 920: 898: 891: 873: 839: 832: 797: 768: 749: 742: 716: 710:978-0631230366 709: 688: 674: 630: 629: 627: 624: 606:Main article: 603: 600: 586: 583: 579: 578: 565: 552: 531:Main article: 528: 525: 517: 516: 514:Channel Tunnel 498:is a blend of 493: 479:is a blend of 474: 459:is a blend of 454: 440:is a blend of 421:Main article: 418: 415: 376: 375: 365: 355: 338:Back-formation 336:Main article: 333: 332:Back-formation 330: 329: 328: 306: 271: 270: 244: 210:Main article: 207: 204: 203: 202: 188: 185: 183: 180: 179: 178: 161: 152: 131:Main article: 128: 125: 124: 123: 85:Main article: 82: 79: 70: 67: 66: 65: 58: 47:word formation 32:Word Formation 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1033: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1016: 1007: 1004: 1003: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 973: 968: 961: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 936: 931: 924: 916: 909: 902: 894: 888: 884: 877: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 846: 844: 835: 833:9780080448541 829: 825: 821: 817: 810: 808: 806: 804: 802: 793: 787: 779: 775: 771: 765: 761: 760: 753: 745: 743:9780080448541 739: 735: 731: 727: 720: 712: 706: 702: 695: 693: 677: 675:9780080448541 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 648: 646: 644: 642: 640: 638: 636: 631: 623: 621: 615: 609: 599: 596: 592: 582: 577: 573: 569: 566: 564: 560: 556: 553: 551: 547: 543: 540: 539: 538: 534: 524: 522: 515: 511: 510: 504: 502: 497: 494: 492: 491: 485: 483: 478: 475: 472: 471: 465: 463: 458: 455: 453: 452: 446: 444: 439: 436: 435: 434: 430: 424: 414: 412: 411:hypocoristics 408: 403: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 374: 370: 366: 364: 360: 356: 354: 350: 346: 345: 344: 339: 327: 325: 322:nternational 321: 317: 312: 311: 307: 305: 303: 299: 295: 290: 289: 285: 284: 283: 280: 278: 277: 269: 267: 263: 259: 256:nternational 255: 250: 249: 245: 243: 242:dministration 241: 237: 233: 229: 224: 223: 219: 218: 217: 213: 201: 197: 194: 193: 192: 177: 173: 169: 165: 162: 160: 156: 153: 151: 147: 143: 140: 139: 138: 134: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 93: 92: 88: 78: 76: 69:Morphological 63: 59: 56: 52: 51: 50: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 970: 960: 933: 923: 914: 901: 882: 876: 859: 855: 815: 758: 752: 725: 719: 700: 679:. Retrieved 657: 617: 588: 580: 575: 571: 567: 562: 558: 554: 549: 545: 541: 536: 520: 518: 508: 506: 500: 499: 495: 489: 487: 481: 480: 476: 469: 467: 461: 460: 456: 450: 448: 442: 441: 437: 432: 407:productivity 404: 395: 391: 387: 383: 377: 372: 368: 362: 358: 352: 348: 341: 323: 319: 315: 314: 308: 301: 297: 293: 292: 286: 281: 274: 272: 265: 261: 257: 253: 252: 246: 239: 235: 231: 227: 226: 220: 215: 199: 195: 190: 187:Abbreviation 175: 171: 167: 163: 158: 154: 149: 145: 141: 136: 120: 117:ungovernable 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 90: 72: 46: 40: 18:Word coinage 818:: 642–645. 728:: 642–645. 701:Linguistics 681:17 December 568:firefighter 527:Compounding 477:stagflation 429:Portmanteau 150:(to) manage 121:(to) govern 113:ex-governor 43:linguistics 626:References 612:See also: 427:See also: 423:Blend word 373:television 353:headhunter 268:inguistics 260:ournal of 133:Inflection 127:Inflection 105:governable 101:government 95:the words 81:Derivation 55:morphology 1006:Neologism 989:2199-174X 952:2199-174X 786:cite book 778:748812931 598:clarity. 367:the word 357:the verb 347:the verb 318:ingapore 296:utomated 200:et cetera 176:(to) talk 159:(to) work 109:misgovern 36:Etymology 1015:Category 1000:See also 591:hashtags 417:Blending 369:televise 349:headhunt 264:merican 230:ational 97:governor 862:: 360. 576:fighter 555:railway 542:desktop 496:chunnel 490:flation 464:eakfast 380:analogy 326:irlines 212:Acronym 172:talking 146:managed 142:manages 75:affixes 62:lexemes 987:  950:  889:  830:  776:  766:  740:  707:  672:  484:nation 457:brunch 394:is to 388:editor 386:is to 363:editor 304:achine 300:eller 170:, and 168:talked 155:worked 115:, and 911:(PDF) 595:words 509:unnel 503:annel 396:actor 276:radar 238:pace 198:from 164:talks 57:), or 985:ISSN 948:ISSN 887:ISBN 828:ISBN 792:link 774:OCLC 764:ISBN 738:ISBN 705:ISBN 683:2021 670:ISBN 593:are 574:and 572:fire 561:and 559:rail 548:and 546:desk 505:and 486:and 482:stag 470:unch 466:and 447:and 438:smog 405:The 384:edit 359:edit 313:for 291:for 248:IJAL 222:NASA 196:etc. 144:and 977:doi 940:doi 864:doi 820:doi 730:doi 662:doi 563:way 550:top 445:oke 392:act 390:as 310:SIA 288:ATM 41:In 1017:: 983:. 975:. 969:. 946:. 938:. 932:. 913:. 860:12 858:. 854:. 842:^ 826:. 800:^ 788:}} 784:{{ 772:. 736:. 691:^ 668:. 656:. 634:^ 501:ch 488:in 462:br 451:og 443:sm 413:. 402:. 382:: 166:, 111:, 107:, 103:, 99:, 77:. 45:, 991:. 979:: 954:. 942:: 917:. 895:. 870:. 866:: 836:. 822:: 794:) 780:. 746:. 732:: 713:. 685:. 664:: 507:t 473:. 468:l 449:f 324:A 320:I 316:S 302:M 298:T 294:A 266:L 262:A 258:J 254:I 240:A 236:S 232:A 228:N 38:. 20:)

Index

Word coinage
Word Formation
Etymology
linguistics
morphology
lexemes
affixes
Morphological derivation
Inflection
Acronym
NASA
IJAL
radar
ATM
SIA
Back-formation
analogy
denominal verbs
productivity
hypocoristics
Blend word
Portmanteau
Channel Tunnel
Compound (linguistics)
hashtags
words
semantic change
conversion (word formation)
semantic change

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.