162:
154:
823:
33:
133:
notes that the techniques used by
Bentley to photograph snowflakes are essentially the same as those used today, and that while the quality of his photographs reflects the technical limitations of the equipment of the era, "he did it so well that hardly anybody bothered to photograph snowflakes for
188:
on his family farm. “Always, right from the beginning it was the snowflakes that fascinated me most,” he said. “The farm folks up in this country dread the winter, but I was supremely happy.” He tried to draw what he saw through an old
197:
to a compound microscope and, after much experimentation, photographed his first snowflake on
January 15, 1885. He captured more than 5,000 images of crystals in his lifetime. Each crystal was caught on a
221:
Bentley described snowflakes as "tiny miracles of beauty" and snow crystals as "ice flowers." Despite these poetic descriptions, Bentley brought an empirical method to his work. In collaboration with
368:, there is an exhibit about atmospheric ice crystal formation featuring several of Bentley’s photos and a short biography. Bentley was a friend of naturalist, industrialist, and collector
233:, Bentley published an article in which he argued that no two snow crystals were alike. This concept caught the public imagination and he published other articles in magazines, including
123:
and record their features. He perfected a process of catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or
419:
595:
337:
662:
378:
using
Bentley's technique of a 19th-century collection of 19 glass-plate negatives of snowflakes held by the Geology Department of the
883:
134:
almost 100 years". The broadest collection of
Bentley's photographs is held by the Jericho Historical Society in his home town,
568:
193:
given to him by his mother when he was fifteen. The snowflakes were too complex to record before they melted, so he attached a
496:
858:
506:
443:
341:
789:
781:
758:
743:
482:
878:
868:
361:
863:
379:
235:
873:
308:, which he may have contracted while walking home in the snow, at his farm on December 23, 1931. His book
808:
279:
with 2,500 photographs. His other publications include the entry on "snow" in the fourteenth edition of
281:
32:
261:
142:
473:
352:
329:
828:
215:
124:
141:
Bentley donated his collection of original glass-plate photomicrographs of snow crystals to the
365:
325:
230:
635:
853:
848:
724:
Knight, N. (1988) "No two alike?" Bulletin of the
American Meteorological Society 69(5):496
222:
130:
8:
265:
253:
572:
543:
430:
145:. A portion of this collection has been digitized and organized into a digital library.
391:
369:
785:
777:
754:
739:
502:
478:
285:. Bentley also photographed all forms of ice and natural water formations including
161:
569:"Bentley Snow Crystal Collection of the Buffalo Museum of Science: Other Resources"
333:
241:
203:
185:
174:
135:
98:
Pioneering the study of atmospheric ice crystal formation and snowflake photography
60:
829:
Worldcat entry for Wilson A. Bentley
Photographs at the Vermont Historical Society
761:(a children's biography illustrated with woodcuts hand tinted with watercolors by
766:
401:
396:
348:
247:
226:
194:
842:
530:(New York: New York Academy of Sciences, June/July/August 2005) pp. 8–9.
112:
324:
Bentley was memorialized in the naming of a science center in his memory at
762:
468:
276:
257:. His photographs have been requested by academic institutions worldwide.
153:
313:
207:
116:
833:
375:
199:
190:
166:
305:
298:
273:
211:
120:
88:
813:
817:
294:
596:"DAY TRIPS; A Place Where All the Snowflakes Are Still Different"
382:
in
Chicago have been assembled into a field guide by the museum.
181:
119:, who was the first known person to take detailed photographs of
526:
Moreno, Fred. 'Wilson
Bentley: The Man Who Studied Snowflakes',
544:"Each Snowflake a Snapshot of Beauty - Wilson Bentley's Eureka"
802:
619:
127:, and elaborated the theory that no two snowflakes are alike.
784:(Originally published in 1979 by Concordia Publishing House,
286:
351:
winner in 1999 for the best-illustrated children's book was
178:
107:(February 9, 1865 – December 23, 1931), also known as
621:
Wilson
Snowflake Bentley – Photographer of Snowflakes
290:
16:
American photographer known for photographing snowflakes
703:
Bentley, Wilson A. 'The Magic Beauty of Snow and Dew',
316:
shortly before his death, and is still in print today.
834:
Bliss, Segment on
Bentley Snow Crystal Starts at 34:00
689:
Thompson, Jean M., Illustrated by Bentley, Wilson A.
736:
The Snowflake Man, A Biography of Wilson A. Bentley
640:Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC)
431:"Historic Bentley snowflake photos for sale in US"
663:"Snowflakes from the Field Museum Photo Archives"
840:
738:, (Blacksburg, VA: McDonald and Woodward, 1998)
364:, a noted meteorological observation center in
498:Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography
774:Snowflake Bentley: Man of Science, Man of God
693:(Garden City: Doubleday, Page & Co. 1913)
721:: Vol. 20 (14th ed., 1936; pp. 854–856)
710:Bentley, Wilson A.; Humphreys, William J.
467:Martin, Jacqueline Briggs; Illustrated by
31:
776:(Shelburne, VT: New England Press, 1985)
753:, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998)
477:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 1998)
173:Bentley was born on February 9, 1865, in
522:
520:
518:
444:"The 'Ice Flowers' of Snowflake Bentley"
160:
152:
501:. Vol. 1. CRC Press. p. 149.
494:
157:Snowflake photos by Bentley, circa 1902
841:
297:sizes, and was one of the first cloud
293:. He was the first American to record
691:Water Wonders Every Child Should Know
593:
515:
461:
538:
536:
342:National Register of Historic Places
613:
13:
660:
623:(Jericho Historical Society, 2004)
357:, which remembers Bentley's life.
14:
895:
796:
668:. Field Museum of Natural History
533:
884:Deaths from pneumonia in Vermont
821:
728:
362:Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium
177:. He first became interested in
809:Bentley Snow Crystal Collection
683:
654:
628:
79:Jericho, Vermont, United States
594:Roman, Joe (January 2, 2023).
587:
561:
488:
436:
424:
413:
1:
714:(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1931)
407:
210:temperatures, snowflakes are
202:and transferred rapidly to a
859:People from Jericho, Vermont
433:, BBC News, January 22, 2010
260:In 1931 Bentley worked with
148:
7:
820:(public domain audiobooks)
749:Martin, Jacqueline Briggs.
717:Bentley, Wilson A. "Snow",
385:
10:
900:
636:"Randolph Caldecott Medal"
625:. Retrieved July 26, 2005.
319:
143:Buffalo Museum of Science
94:
84:
68:
42:
30:
23:
330:Vermont State University
879:Pioneers of photography
869:American meteorologists
814:Works by Wilson Bentley
719:Encyclopædia Britannica
282:Encyclopædia Britannica
864:American photographers
772:Stoddard, Gloria May.
495:Hannavy, John (2007).
366:St. Johnsbury, Vermont
170:
158:
803:Snowflake Bentley.com
326:Johnson State College
231:University of Vermont
164:
156:
874:Nature photographers
807:New York Heritage -
262:William J. Humphreys
223:George Henry Perkins
131:Kenneth G. Libbrecht
105:Wilson Alwyn Bentley
47:Wilson Alwyn Bentley
734:Blanchard, Duncan.
705:National Geographic
698:The Guide to Nature
696:Bentley, Wilson A.
266:U.S. Weather Bureau
254:Scientific American
236:National Geographic
600:The New York Times
392:Patterns in nature
370:Franklin Fairbanks
171:
165:Bentley snowflake
159:
111:, was an American
751:Snowflake Bentley
508:978-0-415-97235-2
474:Snowflake Bentley
354:Snowflake Bentley
340:is listed on the
338:His lifelong home
312:was published by
109:Snowflake Bentley
102:
101:
72:December 23, 1931
25:Wilson A. Bentley
891:
825:
824:
678:
677:
675:
673:
667:
658:
652:
651:
649:
647:
642:. March 24, 2021
632:
626:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
591:
585:
584:
582:
580:
571:. Archived from
565:
559:
558:
556:
554:
540:
531:
524:
513:
512:
492:
486:
465:
459:
458:
456:
454:
440:
434:
428:
422:
417:
376:Photomicrographs
334:Johnson, Vermont
204:microscope slide
175:Jericho, Vermont
136:Jericho, Vermont
75:
61:Jericho, Vermont
57:February 9, 1865
56:
54:
35:
21:
20:
899:
898:
894:
893:
892:
890:
889:
888:
839:
838:
822:
799:
767:Caldecott Medal
731:
686:
681:
671:
669:
665:
659:
655:
645:
643:
634:
633:
629:
618:
614:
604:
602:
592:
588:
578:
576:
575:on June 7, 2007
567:
566:
562:
552:
550:
542:
541:
534:
525:
516:
509:
493:
489:
466:
462:
452:
450:
442:
441:
437:
429:
425:
418:
414:
410:
402:Karl Blossfeldt
397:Ukichiro Nakaya
388:
349:Caldecott Medal
322:
248:Popular Science
227:natural history
225:, professor of
151:
80:
77:
73:
64:
63:, United States
58:
52:
50:
49:
48:
38:
37:Bentley at work
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
897:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
837:
836:
831:
826:
811:
805:
798:
797:External links
795:
794:
793:
770:
765:. Awarded the
747:
730:
727:
726:
725:
722:
715:
708:
707:(January 1923)
701:
694:
685:
682:
680:
679:
661:Raposa, Sara.
653:
627:
612:
586:
560:
532:
514:
507:
487:
460:
435:
423:
411:
409:
406:
405:
404:
399:
394:
387:
384:
321:
318:
195:bellows camera
150:
147:
100:
99:
96:
95:Known for
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
78:
76:(aged 66)
70:
66:
65:
59:
46:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
896:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
835:
832:
830:
827:
819:
815:
812:
810:
806:
804:
801:
800:
791:
790:0-570-03620-8
787:
783:
782:0-933050-31-3
779:
775:
771:
768:
764:
760:
759:0-395-86162-4
756:
752:
748:
745:
744:0-939923-71-8
741:
737:
733:
732:
729:Other reading
723:
720:
716:
713:
712:Snow Crystals
709:
706:
702:
699:
695:
692:
688:
687:
664:
657:
641:
637:
631:
624:
622:
616:
601:
597:
590:
574:
570:
564:
549:
545:
539:
537:
529:
523:
521:
519:
510:
504:
500:
499:
491:
484:
483:0-395-86162-4
480:
476:
475:
470:
464:
449:
445:
439:
432:
427:
421:
416:
412:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
383:
381:
377:
373:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
355:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
317:
315:
311:
310:Snow Crystals
307:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
283:
278:
275:
271:
270:Snow Crystals
267:
263:
258:
256:
255:
250:
249:
244:
243:
238:
237:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
214:because they
213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
192:
187:
183:
180:
176:
168:
163:
155:
146:
144:
139:
137:
132:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
113:meteorologist
110:
106:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
71:
67:
62:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
773:
763:Mary Azarian
750:
735:
718:
711:
704:
697:
690:
684:Bibliography
672:November 13,
670:. Retrieved
656:
644:. Retrieved
639:
630:
620:
615:
603:. Retrieved
599:
589:
577:. Retrieved
573:the original
563:
551:. Retrieved
547:
527:
497:
490:
472:
469:Mary Azarian
463:
451:. Retrieved
447:
438:
426:
415:
380:Field Museum
374:
359:
353:
346:
323:
309:
303:
280:
269:
259:
252:
246:
240:
234:
220:
172:
140:
129:
117:photographer
108:
104:
103:
74:(1931-12-23)
18:
854:1931 deaths
849:1865 births
646:January 24,
605:January 26,
553:January 23,
453:February 1,
314:McGraw-Hill
304:He died of
277:illustrated
268:to publish
85:Nationality
843:Categories
408:References
299:physicists
206:. Even at
200:blackboard
191:microscope
167:micrograph
125:sublimated
121:snowflakes
53:1865-02-09
448:The Attic
306:pneumonia
274:monograph
216:sublimate
212:ephemeral
149:Biography
818:LibriVox
579:June 19,
386:See also
295:raindrop
186:teenager
182:crystals
89:American
360:At the
264:of the
229:at the
208:subzero
788:
780:
757:
742:
700:(1922)
548:ZAGENO
528:Update
505:
481:
420:Shz.de
320:Legacy
287:clouds
251:, and
242:Nature
169:, 1890
666:(PDF)
332:) in
328:(now
184:as a
786:ISBN
778:ISBN
755:ISBN
740:ISBN
674:2021
648:2022
607:2023
581:2007
555:2018
503:ISBN
479:ISBN
455:2019
347:The
289:and
272:, a
179:snow
115:and
69:Died
43:Born
816:at
336:.
291:fog
845::
792:).
769:.)
638:.
598:.
546:.
535:^
517:^
471:.
446:.
372:.
344:.
301:.
245:,
239:,
218:.
138:.
746:.
676:.
650:.
609:.
583:.
557:.
511:.
485:.
457:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
