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411:, argued that when a stranger comes to town, the proper thing to do would be to inquire if he needs food and drink, not whether his female companion is a married woman, and hence as Abimelech did the latter, it tipped off Abraham to the fact that there is no fear of God in this place, and so he lied about his relationship with Sarah in order to avoid being killed. Consequently, it could be argued that the parallel behaviour results from this lack of fear of God by the antagonists in the other two similar situations.
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395:, by using the phrase "loving kindness". The same word is found referring to the sin of incestuous relationships and can also take the alternative meaning of "disgrace". Abraham, in his discourse with Abimelech, could be openly confessing his "disgraceful" relations with his wife/sister Sarah but whichever translation of the word is taken, it shows Abraham's knowledge of the holiness code and specifically its prohibitions on incest, as later recorded in
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354:(or the E source) via source criticism. However, it has also been proposed that similarities between these narratives is because they are oral variations of one original story. Recently, it has been thought that the second and third accounts were based on and had knowledge of the first account. According to critics, such as T.D. Alexander, there are different theories about the sources but none can be proven to be flawless.
25:
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312:). This recurrence indicates that none of the accounts is to be accepted as historical; all three are variations of a theme common to the popular oral histories of the Patriarchs. That women were married in the way here supposed is not to be doubted. The purpose of the story is to extol the heroines as most beautiful and show that the Patriarchs were under the special protection of the Deity.
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who has come to be in the land of a powerful foreign overlord who misidentifies the
Patriarch's wife as the Patriarch's sister, and consequently attempts to wed her himself. The overlord later finds out his error. Two of the three stories are similar in many other details, including the ruler's name,
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with his girlfriend, Abby, and his young sister, where they find work on a large farm. He and his girlfriend pretend to be siblings to avoid gossip, and the farm's wealthy but sickly owner falls in love with Abby, eventually asking her to marry him. Bill encourages the union, hoping that Abby will
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The three wife-sister narratives are all related to each other in some way, according to George Coats, sharing common content, structure and genre for communicating the content. In all three stories a promise for progeny is not a factor in the content and the structure rather the narratives have a
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Scholars have also argued that the three tales are not true historic occurrences, rather purposeful tales. According to Susan
Niditch, there is one wife-sister story that has many different versions, but there are inconsistencies and they all refer back to the same story. Niditch associates the
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interprets the wife-sister narratives found in the Book of
Genesis as reflecting that practice; in his view Abraham and Isaac were traveling in foreign territory without any daughters to offer the local ruler and attempted to create similar diplomatic relationships by presenting their wives as
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who, in order to avoid a famine, emigrates to the southern region of Gerar, whose king is named
Abimelech. Isaac has been told to do so by God, who also orders him to avoid Egypt, and promises to him the fulfillment of the oath made with Abraham. Isaac states that
193:. Abraham states that Sarah, his wife, is really his sister, leading Abimelech to try to take Sarah as a wife; however, God intervened before Abimelech touched Sarah. Abimelech complains to Abraham, who states that Sarah is his half-sister.
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Abimelech then restores Sarah to
Abraham, and gives him gifts of livestock and servants by way of apology, and also allows Abraham to reside anywhere in Gerar. Abimelech also gives 1000 pieces of silver to Abraham to reprove Sarah by a
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Abimelech then orders that
Rebekah be left alone by the denizens of Gerar, on pain of death. Isaac goes on to spend a year in the area, and becomes wealthy, leading the Philistines in Gerar to envy him, so Abimelech sends Isaac away.
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From the point of view of the history of culture these episodes are very instructive. But it is not very probable that
Abraham would have run the risk twice. Moreover, a similar incident is reported in regard to Isaac and Rebecca
166:, the Egyptians recognise Sarai's beauty, and the Egyptian princes shower Abram with gifts of livestock and servants to gain her hand in marriage. Sarai thus becomes part of "Pharaoh's house", but
346:, these three accounts would appear to be variations on the same theme, with the oldest explication being that in Gen. 12. In the past, the first and third accounts have been attributed to the
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the story of Sarah's life, brief and incomplete as it is, presents nevertheless curious repetitions, e.g., the incident with
Pharaoh and a similar incident with Abimelech (
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inherit the owner's money after his imminent death. As the owner begins to suspect the truth, the farm is plagued by a swarm of locusts and then destroyed by a fire.
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with Sarah being
Abraham's half-sister. For example, in Genesis 20:13, Abraham, talking to Abimelech, alludes to Leviticus laws or the
216:". Abraham then prays for Abimelech and the king and his wife and concubines are able to conceive children; they previously could not.
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written to target a particular audience and in hopes of conveying a message regarding the sinful nature of deception and adultery.
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Hepner, Gershon (2003). Abraham's
Incestuous Marriage with Sarah a Violation of the Holiness Code. Los Angeles:
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Hoffmeier, James K. The Wives' Tales of Genesis 12, 20, & 26 and the Covenants at Beer-Sheba.
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will otherwise kill him in order to marry Rebekah. After a while, Abimelech sees Isaac
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An explanation presented in classical times, and suggested by
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kill him so that they can take her. On arriving before the
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Emanuel Feldman. Changing patterns in Biblical criticism.
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Underdogs and tricksters: a prelude to biblical folklore
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207:. Abimelech asks Abraham, "What has thou done unto us?"
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691:— note the footnotes for Genesis 26 and 20-21
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Sarah The Priestess: The First Matriarch Of Genesis
528:Coats, George, ed. (1985). "A Threat to the Host".
321:Political marriages were common occurrences in the
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517:. San Francisco: Harper & Row. pp. 23–50.
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154:. Because his wife, Sarai (later called
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363:wife-sister entries as potential
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532:. JSOT Press. pp. 71–81.
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317:Comparison to other cultures
283:article "Sarah" notes that
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619:. HarperSanFrancisco.
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142:. Abram (later called
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1814:N'shei Chabad
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1702:Organizations
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1556:Homosexuality
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1546:Birth control
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1471:
1468:
1467:
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1465:Ritual purity
1463:
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1455:Head covering
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1059:(47:28–50:26)
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1055:
1053:(44:18–47:27)
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794:Cain and Abel
792:
788:
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779:
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717:
714:
707:
703:
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688:
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682:
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676:0-405-10281-X
672:
668:
663:
659:
653:
648:
647:
640:
636:
632:
628:
626:0-06-053069-3
622:
618:
613:
609:
607:0-06-063035-3
603:
599:
598:
592:
588:
584:
579:
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573:0-684-86913-6
569:
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468:
459:
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393:Holiness code
390:
386:
382:
372:
368:
366:
355:
353:
349:
345:
335:
332:
328:
324:
313:
311:
304:
302:
296:
294:
290:
289:Genesis 12:10
284:
282:
280:
269:
262:
258:
254:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
231:
228:. Here it is
227:
217:
215:
206:
202:
198:
194:
192:
188:
184:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
148:ancient Egypt
145:
141:
128:
124:
120:
111:
109:
104:
100:
99:Old Testament
96:
93:(part of the
92:
88:
84:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1943:Publications
1839:Pi Alpha Tau
1686:
1662:
1655:
1636:
1609:
1602:
1589:
1588:Partnership
1580:
1573:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1481:
1417:Chag habanot
1416:
1415:Girls' Day (
1401:
1397:
1390:
1386:
1318:(1923, 1929)
1225:In the Bible
1114:
1109:
1047:(41:1–44:17)
1041:(37:1–40:23)
1035:(32:4–36:43)
1029:(28:10–32:3)
1023:(25:19–28:9)
1017:(23:1–25:18)
1015:Chayei Sarah
1011:(18:1–22:24)
1005:(12:1–17:27)
824:Curse of Ham
774:Adam and Eve
745:
705:
695:
684:
666:
645:
634:
616:
596:
582:
562:
543:
538:
529:
523:
514:
508:
499:
493:
486:
481:
477:
467:
458:
446:
420:
418:
406:
378:
369:
361:
341:
320:
306:
300:
298:
293:Genesis 20:1
286:
277:
275:
266:
256:
246:
242:
223:
210:
200:
181:
137:
127:James Tissot
122:
86:
80:
65:
59:October 2007
56:
33:
2068:WikiProject
1582:Tseno Ureno
1440:Matchmaking
1402:bat mitzvah
1391:Simchat bat
1387:Zeved habat
1324:(2003–2010)
1131:Manuscripts
999:(6:9–11:32)
812:Sons of God
808:(6:1–9:28)
781:Fall of man
239:Philistines
146:) moves to
85:, the term
2099:Lech-Lecha
2083:Categories
1688:Firzogerin
1408:For adults
1033:Vayishlach
1003:Lech-Lecha
915:(32:22–32)
817:Noah's Ark
438:References
389:incestuous
43:improve it
1829:Nivcharot
1719:B'not Esh
1638:Rebbetzin
1551:Sexuality
1539:In Israel
1460:Homemaker
1257:Bat-Kohen
1240:In Israel
993:(1:1–6:8)
881:(19:1–28)
869:(14:1–17)
826:(9:20–27)
696:Tradition
419:The film
397:Leviticus
385:semantics
261:Beersheba
191:Abimelech
160:Egyptians
108:Abimelech
47:verifying
2048:Category
1739:Hadassah
1709:Aminadav
1680:Timeline
1649:Timeline
1611:Mechitza
1604:Midrasha
1534:Abortion
1435:Marriage
1428:Marriage
1354:Orthodox
1342:Feminism
1262:Bat Levi
1093:Analysis
1074:Priestly
1051:Vayigash
1039:Vayeshev
991:Bereshit
921:and the
901:his sons
838:(11:1–9)
365:folklore
247:mitsahek
245:(Hebrew
243:sporting
170:sends a
2104:Vayeira
2058:Commons
1986:Schools
1894:Vocolot
1819:Na'amat
1804:Maharat
1714:Bat Kol
1477:Divorce
1364:Mizrahi
1359:Israeli
1278:History
1084:Elohist
1079:Jahwist
1067:Sources
1057:Vayechi
1027:Vayetze
1021:Toledot
1009:Vayeira
925:(37–50)
903:(25–50)
887:(21–35)
858:(12–23)
856:Abraham
849:(12–50)
708:(1993).
554:Sources
235:Rebekah
164:Pharaoh
144:Abraham
41:Please
2006:Places
1965:Lilith
1809:Ma'yan
1794:Kolech
1744:Hadran
1675:Cantor
1670:Scribe
1590:minyan
1575:Tkhine
1526:Yichud
1519:Negiah
1512:Tzniut
1483:Agunah
1330:(2020)
1287:(1893)
1045:Miketz
919:Joseph
761:(1–11)
673:
654:
623:
604:
570:
172:plague
152:famine
1951:Binah
1779:JWCIF
1774:JWCEO
1734:Eshel
997:Noach
897:Jacob
885:Isaac
587:Knopf
409:Rashi
230:Isaac
187:Gerar
156:Sarah
95:Torah
1874:WLCJ
1869:WIZO
1824:NCJW
1759:JOFA
1400:and
1157:Text
931:(49)
909:(28)
899:and
893:(22)
875:(15)
783:(3)
671:ISBN
652:ISBN
621:ISBN
602:ISBN
568:ISBN
487:Pdf.
383:and
291:and
276:The
97:and
1879:WLI
1864:W4W
1859:WoW
1784:JWI
1764:JWA
1724:CWJ
1398:Bar
973:1:5
968:1:4
963:1:3
958:1:2
946:1:1
796:(4)
281:'s
203:by
168:God
125:by
81:In
45:by
2085::
1389:/
704:.
585:.
482:53
480:.
476:.
399:.
295:).
110:.
1419:)
1198:e
1191:t
1184:v
735:e
728:t
721:v
689:.
679:.
660:.
637:.
629:.
610:.
576:.
308:(
263:.
212:"
129:.
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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