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407:, which was a volunteer army mostly made up of the rural peasant and lower classes, as they made up around 77% of the entire protection corps fighting units. The Protection Corps had around 15,000 men in their ranks, and with conscription enforced, the numbers of the 'White Army' rose to around 60,000 men in total, with the conscription numbers, the working class become to consist of around 25% of the frontline troops.
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who were controlling the city finally surrendered after the White troops secured the surrounding areas. This battle was one of the turning points of the civil war since it gave the Whites control of the northern part of
Finland. The success of the campaign is attributed to the White's better
60:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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in April, and the victors inherited the borders of the former Grand Duchy. The initial frontlines were established rather quickly, and over the course of the war, Whites reclaimed all
Finnish territory. The
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veterans had significant impact during the war. They received arms and equipment matching those of regular German troops, and sporadic further military support from the German Empire.
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between
Finland and Russia (1920) confirmed the outcome. Thus, the Republic of Finland is the sole successor of White Finland.
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men, however they also gained the support of foreign groups and voluntary military organizations, such as the '
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Suojeluskuntalaiset - keitä he olivat?: vapaaehtoisten maanpuolustajien sosiaalinen kerrostuneisuus 1917-1944
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for the upcoming civil war. Because Russia did not draft Finns for combat duties, their experience as
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The decision of the Soviet of the People's
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or the 'Finnish War of
Independence', as it is often called by the Whites, in 1918.
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The Whites' campaign was initially challenged by the goal of capturing the
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The Whites had no clear political aims in common, other than stopping the
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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675:(in Finnish). Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu, sotahistorian laitos.
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Military
Intervention and Common Sense: Focus on Land Forces
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374:) which was formed by the non-socialist parties of the
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Anti-communist faction of the
Finnish Civil War (1918)
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384:. The provisional head of state of White Finland was
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The main fighting force of the 'White Army' was the
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The
Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy
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The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy
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724:"Memorial to Finnish Jaegers in Klapkalnciems"
78:accompanying your translation by providing an
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36:expand this article with text translated from
885:People of the Finnish Civil War (White side)
441:The White Army did not only just consist of
818:Singleton, Fred; Upton, Anthony F. (1998).
531:and Tampere until the Reds finally fled to
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479:. The Whites also found sympathy from the
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702:(in Finnish). Werner Söderström Ltd.
648:. Berlin: Ryckschau. pp. 20–21.
321:. Following the establishment of the
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499:industrial center. The around 1,200
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309:on November 27, 1917 following the
305:White Finland was established as a
255:Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
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399:Protection Corpsmen in Oulu, 1918.
380:(parliament) and returning to the
333:in Russia, Finland was officially
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696:Ylikangas, Heikki (2019-10-09).
185:(colours gold and silver on red)
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620:"Vaasan lyseon lukion vaiheita"
540:of 1919 established the modern
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352:had been captured by the Reds.
340:This Government was ruled from
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525:General Rüdiger von der Goltz
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740:Suomen vapaussodan historia
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390:Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
90:{{Translated|fi|Valkoiset}}
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890:Post–Russian Empire states
822:A Short History of Finland
468:, who came to command the
418:between 1914 and 1917 for
52:Machine translation, like
755:"Valtioneuvoston kanslia"
644:Unterseher, Lutz (2009).
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38:the corresponding article
317:between Finland and the
737:Hannula, J. O. (1938).
669:Pylkkänen, Ali (2001).
370:(the government of the
183:Coat of Arms of Finland
99:For more guidance, see
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372:Grand Duchy of Finland
307:provisional government
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243:provisional government
226:Swedish pronunciation:
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598:. BRILL. 2014-08-14.
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386:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
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213:[ˈʋɑlkoi̯set]
101:Knowledge:Translation
72:copyright attribution
538:Finnish constitution
348:was moved there, as
335:granted independence
329:and other prominent
299:Alexander Schlichter
743:(in Finnish). WSOY.
542:Republic of Finland
447:Friends of Finland'
364:constitutional rule
331:Bolshevik officials
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455:Swedish volunteers
414:were recruited by
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311:October Revolution
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247:October Revolution
230:[deˈviːta]
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80:interlanguage link
880:Finnish Civil War
709:978-951-0-43696-7
682:978-951-25-1256-0
605:978-90-04-28071-7
420:military training
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466:Ernst Linder
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181:Rectangular
170:Relinquished
76:edit summary
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473: [
382:Rule of Law
173:29 May 1918
874:Categories
837:0521640695
771:2023-12-10
630:2023-12-10
576:2024-06-20
552:References
544:, and the
265:Background
154:Proportion
144:State flag
40:in Finnish
485:Estonians
449:group in
377:Eduskunta
357:communist
205:Valkoiset
94:talk page
529:Helsinki
491:Campaign
464:such as
462:officers
350:Helsinki
70:provide
864:Finland
830:, 110.
513:Tampere
497:Varkaus
459:Swedish
443:Finnish
432:Finland
426:on the
239:refugee
222:De vita
218:Swedish
201:Finnish
162:Adopted
92:to the
74:in the
850:Portal
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451:Sweden
412:Jägers
368:Senate
346:Senate
233:), or
197:Whites
178:Design
148:ensign
765:(PDF)
758:(PDF)
624:Vaasa
517:Lahti
481:Poles
477:]
366:by a
342:Vaasa
157:17:26
54:DeepL
832:ISBN
794:ISBN
704:ISBN
677:ISBN
650:ISBN
600:ISBN
509:Pori
483:and
410:The
297:and
241:and
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195:The
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