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273:, the majority of energy production from conventional and renewable resources are lost to the atmosphere due to onsite (equipment inefficiency and losses due to waste heat) and offsite (cable and transformers losses) losses, that sums to be around 66% loss in electricity value. Waste heat of different degrees could be found in final products of a certain process or as a by-product in industry such as the
339:
Traditionally, waste heat of low temperature range (0-120 °C, or typically under 100 °C) has not been used for electricity generation despite efforts by ORC companies, mainly because the Carnot efficiency is rather low (max. 18% for 90 °C heating and 20 °C cooling, minus losses,
170:
use this process as an economic method to increase the production of the plant with lower fuel demand. There are many different commercial recovery units for the transferring of energy from hot medium space to lower one:
560:
is another company addressing waste heat recovery systems. Focused on multi-unit residential, publicly shared buildings, industrial applications and district energy systems, their systems use the energy in
202:: Heat pipes are one of the best thermal conductors. They have the ability to transfer heat hundred times more than copper. Heat pipes are mainly known in renewable energy technology as being used in
449:
Reduced equipment sizes: As fuel consumption reduces, the control and security equipment for handling the fuel decreases. Also, filtering equipment for the gas is no longer needed in large sizes.
222:: In case of process boilers, waste heat in the exhaust gas is passed along a recuperator that carries the inlet fluid for the boiler and thus decreases thermal energy intake of the inlet fluid.
216:
or rotary heat exchanger: consists of a circular honeycomb matrix of heat absorbing material, which is slowly rotated within the supply and exhaust air streams of an air handling system.
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Waste heat of medium (100-650 °C) and high (>650 °C) temperature could be used for the generation of electricity or mechanical work via different capturing processes.
346:
Waste heat recovery system can also be used to fulfill refrigeration requirements of a trailer (for example). The configuration is easy as only a waste heat recovery boiler and
237:
Particulate filters (DPF) to capture emission by maintaining higher temperatures adjacent to the converter and tail pipes to reduce the amount of emissions from the exhaust.
46:
that transfers heat from process outputs at high temperature to another part of the process for some purpose, usually increased efficiency. The WHRU is a tool involved in
258:
768:
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Capital cost to implement a waste heat recovery system may outweigh the benefit gained in heat recovered. It is necessary to put a cost to the heat being offset.
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Often waste heat is of low quality (temperature). It can be difficult to efficiently utilize the quantity of low quality heat contained in a waste heat medium.
196:: This is an industrial unit that reuses the same stream after processing. In this type of heat recovery, the heat is regenerated and reused in the process.
182:
that the exhaust gases are passed through, consisting of metal tubes that carry the inlet gas and thus preheating the gas before entering the process. The
452:
Reduced auxiliary energy consumption: Reduced equipment sizes means another reduction in the energy fed to those systems like pumps, filters, fans,...etc.
663:
359:
The recovery process will add to the efficiency of the process and thus decrease the costs of fuel and energy consumption needed for that process.
206:. The heat pipe is mainly used in space, process or air heating, in waste heat from a process is being transferred to the surrounding due to its
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228:: Using an organic fluid that boils at a low temperature means that energy could be regenerated from waste fluids.
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plants. Units or devices that could recover the waste heat and transform it into electricity are called WHRUs or
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Units add size and mass to overall power unit. Especially a consideration on the mobile power units of vehicles.
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123:
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24:
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effects) units may also be called WHRU, since they use the heat differential between two plates to produce
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can be used to preheat the incoming gas. This is one of the basic methods for recovery of waste heat. Many
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can also be used to recover low temperature waste heat and convert it to mechanical action or electricity.
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234:: comprises two or more multi-row finned tube coils connected to each other by a pumped pipework circuit.
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297:. The fluid has a lower boiling point than water to allow it to boil at low temperature, to form a
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Heat exchangers tend to be larger to recover significant quantities which increases capital cost.
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in
California, is equipped with two heat recovery steam generators on its combustion turbines.
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is designed to generate electricity from recovered waste heat energy using a steam cycle.
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27:(RTO) is an example of a waste heat recovery unit that utilizes a regenerative process.
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Maintenance of equipment: Additional equipment requires additional maintenance cost.
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of high temperature are emitted from the plant since most of the energy is recycled.
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is required. Furthermore, only low pressures and temperatures needed to be handled.
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for domestic hot water production, building space heating and cooling.
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684:"NREL: Distributed Thermal Energy Technologies - About the Project"
51:
720:"Tapping Industrial Waste Heat Could Reduce Fossil Fuel Demands"
771:. news.nationalgeographic.com. 11 December 2012. Archived from
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gas that can drive the blade of a turbine and thus a generator.
769:"Waste Wattage: Cities Aim to Flush Heat Energy Out of Sewers"
573:
249:) in the sense that the heated medium does not change phase.
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introduced waste heat recovery units in 2014 under the name
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of various processes or even from the exhaust stream of a
705:
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A waste heat recovery boiler (WHRB) is different from a
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is an example which operates on the same principle as a
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Heat
Recovery Systems, D.A.Reay, E & F.N.Span, 1979
50:. Waste heat may be extracted from sources such as hot
656:
Technology
Roadmap Energy Loss Reduction and Recovery
761:
790:
664:Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
340:typically ending up with 5-7% net electricity).
558:International Wastewater Heat Exchange Systems
495:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
396:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
178:: This name is given to different types of
126:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
653:Energetics Incorporated (November 2004),
515:Learn how and when to remove this message
416:Learn how and when to remove this message
146:Learn how and when to remove this message
293:(ORC) unit uses an organic fluid as the
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18:
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442:will dramatically decrease since less
252:
69:
744:"Cyclone Power Technologies Website"
493:adding citations to reliable sources
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428:
394:adding citations to reliable sources
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124:adding citations to reliable sources
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54:from a diesel generator, steam from
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62:from cooling processes such as in
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269:and several others done by the
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257:According to a report done by
16:Energy recovery heat exchanger
1:
662:, U.S. Department of Energy,
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597:Heat recovery steam generator
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243:heat recovery steam generator
25:regenerative thermal oxidizer
611:Exhaust heat recovery system
7:
580:
544:
10:
830:
79:Gateway Generating Station
552:Cyclone Waste Heat Engine
204:evacuated tube collectors
265:in November 2004 titled
158:Waste heat found in the
33:waste heat recovery unit
606:Electric turbo compound
591:combined heat and power
259:Energetics Incorporated
86:gas-fired power station
188:solar air conditioning
89:
28:
626:Waste-to-energy plant
601:organic Rankine cycle
291:organic Rankine cycle
77:
22:
775:on December 12, 2012
489:improve this section
390:improve this section
120:improve this section
434:Reduced pollution:
327:Shape-memory alloys
283:heat to power units
271:European commission
253:Heat to power units
200:Heat pipe exchanger
168:steel making plants
70:Heat recovery units
814:Cooling technology
568:Motorsport series
267:Technology Roadmap
208:transfer mechanism
90:
29:
525:
524:
517:
436:Thermal pollution
429:Indirect benefits
426:
425:
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348:absorption cooler
164:conditioning unit
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155:
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821:
809:Renewable energy
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746:. Archived from
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690:. Archived from
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616:Thermal oxidizer
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804:Energy recovery
799:Heat exchangers
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232:Run around coil
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41:energy recovery
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694:on 2005-11-27.
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621:Pinch analysis
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321:direct current
305:Thermoelectric
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180:heat exchanger
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83:combined-cycle
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56:cooling towers
44:heat exchanger
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474:This section
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457:Disadvantages
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440:air pollution
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375:This section
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214:Thermal wheel
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105:This section
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64:steel cooling
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777:. Retrieved
773:the original
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752:. Retrieved
748:the original
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727:. Retrieved
724:ScienceDaily
723:
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692:the original
688:www.nrel.gov
687:
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667:, retrieved
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587:Cogeneration
511:
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487:Please help
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388:Please help
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334:Applications
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194:Regenerators
176:Recuperators
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142:
133:
118:Please help
106:
48:cogeneration
36:
32:
30:
570:Formula One
563:waste water
323:(DC) power.
299:superheated
279:steelmaking
160:exhaust gas
60:waste water
793:Categories
779:2014-07-21
754:2011-11-17
729:2024-03-17
706:"Exergyn®"
632:References
505:March 2024
444:flue gases
406:March 2024
355:Advantages
226:Heat pumps
220:Economizer
184:heat wheel
136:March 2021
58:, or even
52:flue gases
476:does not
377:does not
107:does not
581:See also
545:Examples
261:for the
39:) is an
669:May 28,
497:removed
482:sources
398:removed
383:sources
317:Thomson
313:Peltier
309:Seebeck
128:removed
113:sources
660:(PDF)
593:(CHP)
574:MGU-H
190:unit.
671:2012
599:and
550:The
480:any
478:cite
438:and
381:any
379:cite
275:slag
247:HRSG
111:any
109:cite
81:, a
37:WHRU
589:or
491:by
392:by
289:An
277:in
263:DOE
122:by
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31:A
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