52:
531:
76:
732:
before the revolution were out of politics, so after 1917 they were simply not able to correctly assess the political struggle and organize the ideological support of volunteer units and the propaganda struggle against the Soviet government. For example, the head of the OSVAG, whose task was to promote the policy of the
Volunteer Army, was appointed biologist S. Chakhotin, who was unable to wage an ideological struggle.
235:
637:
Some of the
Volunteer Army's units and formations possessed good military skills and fighting strength due to large numbers of officers in its ranks, who hated and despised the Bolsheviks. However, the Volunteer Army's fighting efficiency decreased in the summer of 1919 in light of significant losses
731:
The army was unable to put forward a political idea that was understandable to the majority of the population. A struggle against the
Bolsheviks was proclaimed, after which the Constituent Assembly would choose a form of government suitable for Russia. This turned out to be not enough. Officers
1096:
1113:
1362:
1084:
517:'s support. By September 1918, the Volunteer Army was up to 30,000 to 35,000 men thanks to the mobilization of the Kuban Cossacks and what the Bolsheviks classified as "counterrevolutionary elements" gathered in the
1209:
1197:
1185:
1292:
1285:
1453:
968:
1074:
1091:
1050:
961:
1468:
1103:
1463:
1204:
1192:
1180:
954:
686:
The term "Volunteer Army" is often used as a shorthand description for all the White
Russian forces in the South Russia area, the actual names of the formation are:
1079:
387:
On
December 27, 1917 (January 9, 1918), the creation of the Volunteer Army was officially announced, with Alekseyev becoming its overall leader, Kornilov as its
646:
and even captured Red Army soldiers. During the Red Army's counteroffensive in
October 1919, the Volunteer Army suffered a decisive defeat and retreated south.
1280:
1108:
889:
1125:
1357:
80:
630:
on June 20 (July 3). According to his plan, the main blow to Moscow was to be inflicted by the
Volunteer Army (40,000 men) under the command of General
1458:
1317:
1045:
363:. It organized to fight against the Bolsheviks in South Russia. Alekseyev and Kornilov enlisted supporters, which initially included volunteering
1322:
1409:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1120:
771:
593:
375:. Of the first 3,000 recruits, only twelve were ordinary soldiers; the rest were officers, some of whom resented having to serve as
1067:
311:
307:
130:
1414:
1140:
509:'s command joined the Volunteer Army, strengthening it to between 8,000 to 9,000 men. On June 23, the Volunteer Army began the
415:. They also created the so-called "Special Council" at the headquarters, which included prominent civilian politicians such as
479:
joined the
Volunteer Army on March 26, 1918, increasing its number to 6,000 troops. The Volunteer Army's attempt to capture
853:
892:(113) (Политематический сетевой электронный научный журнал Кубанского государственного аграрного университета ed.).
1255:
935:
152:
791:
475:. However, most Kuban Cossacks did not support the Volunteer Army, and only a small unit (3,000 men) led by General
1427:
20:
267:
162:
42:
315:
147:
1401:
1014:
1005:
563:
319:
295:
157:
90:
1352:
1312:
756:
746:
1347:
1250:
1231:
199:
24:
1260:
1221:
1216:
396:
918:
874:
1297:
946:
828:
623:
575:
1432:
1342:
1150:
761:
256:
19:
This article is about the anti-Bolshevik army of 1918-1920. For the
British Volunteer Army, see
1379:
487:
shell. Denikin took over command of the remnants of the
Volunteer Army and left for the remote
443:
In early February 1918, the Volunteer Army numbered more than 3,600 men. It fought against the
364:
483:
between April 9–13 was a disaster, with Kornilov being killed in battle when he was hit by an
1384:
905:
861:
631:
238:"Why aren't you in the army?" Volunteer Army recruitment poster during the Russian Civil War.
219:
1156:
343:
The Volunteer Army began forming in November/December 1917 under the leadership of General
8:
1307:
1302:
995:
539:
404:
291:
140:
1236:
1135:
506:
392:
388:
360:
183:
28:
890:"Структура аппарата пропаганды антибольшевистского движения на юге России в 1919 году"
984:
893:
797:
751:
659:
424:
356:
344:
299:
223:
203:
125:
662:. On March 26 and March 27, 1920, the Volunteer Army's remnants were evacuated from
654:
In early 1920, it retreated to the areas beyond the Don region and was reduced to a
1327:
1270:
476:
459:
In late February, the Red Army's advance forced the Volunteer Army to retreat from
247:
211:
187:
558:
increased their material and technical assistance to the Volunteer Army. With the
1145:
671:
510:
327:
1226:
977:
741:
562:
support, the forces of the South Russian Whites combined to form the so-called
559:
518:
468:
448:
432:
428:
420:
376:
323:
1447:
1173:
897:
766:
675:
555:
547:
535:
514:
480:
460:
408:
400:
352:
348:
207:
195:
1275:
663:
639:
416:
829:"Volunteer Army | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)"
530:
51:
494:
697:
From January 23, 1919, until May 22, 1919, this formation was named the
690:
From its inception until January 23, 1919, this formation was named the
1130:
980:
610:, created from the remnants of Krasnov's Cossack Army. After capturing
303:
1265:
615:
484:
472:
135:
976:
1062:
796:. Washington: Washington, Library of Congress; 1967. p. 221.
607:
574:) led by Denikin. In late 1918 to early 1919, Denikin defeated the
489:
444:
412:
372:
1454:
Military units and formations of White Russia (Russian Civil War)
643:
619:
234:
801:
704:
On May 22, 1919, this formation was split into two formations:
667:
627:
611:
551:
75:
887:
655:
464:
368:
1400:
1013:
720:, the remnants of which were evacuated March 26/27, 1920.
714:, the remnants of which surrendered on April 18–20, 1920.
941:
851:
302:
from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against
281:
261:
1469:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1920
854:"Государственные идеи Белого движения на Юге России"
710:, disbanded on January 29, 1920 and replaced by the
538:'s Volunteer Army and regional armed forces after
1464:Military units and formations established in 1917
1445:
793:Glossary of Russian Abbreviations and Acronyms
23:. For the Chinese army in the Korean War, see
962:
318:. On 8 January 1919, it was made part of the
275:
1172:
772:Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War
969:
955:
658:of 5,000 men under the command of General
50:
1293:Separate Mongolian-Buryat Cavalry Brigade
681:
578:and captured the North Caucasus region.
529:
500:
233:
1459:Volunteer military units and formations
888:Кириченко Евгений Владимирович (2015).
454:
16:White army during the Russian Civil War
1446:
505:In June 1918, 3,000 men under Colonel
27:. For voluntary military service, see
950:
726:
606:, which would later be joined by the
382:
322:, becoming the largest force of the
471:formations, a retreat known as the
13:
14:
1480:
1075:Army Group Kiev of General Bredov
936:Anti-Bolshevik Russia in pictures
929:
833:encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net
852:Сирик Сергей Николаевич (2014).
74:
1428:Turkestan Military Organization
447:together with units of General
21:Volunteer Force (Great Britain)
1092:Novorossiysk Region Army Group
881:
845:
821:
808:
784:
572:Vooruzhenniye sily Yuga Rossii
1:
777:
670:, where they merged with the
411:as commander of 1st Officers
326:until it was merged with the
316:Ukrainian War of Independence
148:Ukrainian War of Independence
1402:Armed Forces of South Russia
1015:Armed Forces of South Russia
564:Armed Forces of South Russia
338:
320:Armed Forces of South Russia
91:Armed Forces of South Russia
7:
1353:West Russian Volunteer Army
757:Russian Liberation Movement
747:West Russian Volunteer Army
735:
568:Вооружённые силы Юга России
467:in order to unite with the
282:
262:
10:
1485:
1232:4th Eastern Siberian Corps
333:
65:November 1917 – March 1920
18:
1393:
1372:
1336:
1261:Orenburg Independent Army
1222:2nd Steppe Siberian Corps
1217:1st Middle Siberian Corps
1165:
1104:Kharkov Region Army Group
1004:
991:
856:(S31) (Концепт ed.).
287:
276:
271:
251:
177:
172:
121:
113:
97:
86:
69:
61:
49:
36:
1298:Asiatic Cavalry Division
1205:3rd Army (Siberian Army)
1193:2nd Army (Siberian Army)
1181:1st Army (Siberian Army)
1433:Peasant Army of Fergana
1251:People's Army of Komuch
1151:Ukrainian Galician Army
938:(archived 16 July 2011)
762:Russian Liberation Army
699:Caucasus Volunteer Army
649:
589:Caucasus Volunteer Army
581:
546:In the autumn of 1918,
524:Caucasus Volunteer Army
438:
263:Dobrovolcheskaya armiya
117:The Drozdovsky Regiment
105:8,500–9,000 (June 1918)
45:) Добровольческая армія
25:People's Volunteer Army
1328:White Latvian Riflemen
1080:Kiev Region Army Group
913:Cite journal requires
869:Cite journal requires
622:in June 1919, Denikin
543:
239:
39:Добровольческая армия
1385:Arctic Ocean Flotilla
1153:(since November 1919)
682:Nomenclature timeline
632:Vladimir May-Mayevsky
592:was divided into the
586:In January 1919, the
533:
521:, taking the name of
501:Second Kuban Campaign
403:commander of the 1st
272:Добровольческая армія
252:Добровольческая армия
237:
220:Vladimir May-Mayevsky
158:Battle of Peregonovka
103:3,348 (February 1918)
101:3,000 (December 1917)
93:(from 8 January 1919)
455:First Kuban Campaign
359:began following the
355:, shortly after the
163:Third Battle of Kiev
153:First Battle of Kiev
1337:North-Western Front
1313:5th Polish Division
1303:Czechoslovak Legion
1281:Holy Cross Druzhina
1109:North Caucasus Army
540:Armistice of Mudros
286:(pre-1918 Russian:
141:Battle of Tsaritsyn
1348:North-Western Army
1237:5th Pri-Amur Corps
983:and fleets of the
816:A People's Tragedy
727:Reasons for defeat
544:
507:Mikhail Drozdovsky
393:Alexander Lukomsky
389:Commander-in-chief
361:October Revolution
274:), abbreviated to
240:
184:Mikhail Drozdovsky
109:5,000 (March 1920)
107:40,000 (June 1919)
29:Volunteer military
1441:
1440:
1423:
1422:
1358:Chudskoe Flotilla
1246:
1245:
1126:Crimean–Azov Army
1041:
1040:
985:Russian Civil War
752:Russian Civil War
660:Alexander Kutepov
425:Mikhail Rodzianko
383:Official creation
357:Russian Civil War
345:Mikhail Alekseyev
300:Russian Civil War
260:
229:
228:
224:Alexander Kutepov
204:Mikhail Alekseyev
126:Russian Civil War
1476:
1415:Caspian Flotilla
1398:
1397:
1366:
1289:
1271:Far Eastern Army
1213:
1201:
1189:
1170:
1169:
1141:Caspian Flotilla
1117:
1100:
1088:
1054:
1011:
1010:
971:
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957:
948:
947:
942:Volunteer Corpus
923:
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857:
849:
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805:
788:
576:11th Soviet Army
477:Viktor Pokrovsky
371:, students, and
289:
285:
279:
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273:
268:pre-1918 Russian
265:
255:
253:
216:
192:
79:
78:
54:
43:pre-1918 Russian
34:
33:
1484:
1483:
1479:
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1473:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1419:
1389:
1368:
1360:
1332:
1283:
1242:
1207:
1195:
1183:
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1146:Army of Wrangel
1136:Black Sea Fleet
1111:
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1082:
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1037:
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987:
975:
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814:Orlando Figes,
813:
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785:
780:
738:
729:
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672:Army of Wrangel
652:
624:began advancing
584:
513:, with General
511:Kuban Offensive
503:
457:
441:
385:
341:
336:
330:in March 1920.
328:Army of Wrangel
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37:Volunteer Army
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1412:
1410:Turkestan Army
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1404:
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1387:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1373:Northern Front
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1343:Northern Corps
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1334:
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1318:Siberian Fleet
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1227:3rd Ural Corps
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1058:Volunteer Army
1055:
1046:Astrakhan Army
1042:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1033:3rd Army Corps
1030:
1028:2nd Army Corps
1025:
1023:1st Army Corps
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1017:
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1006:Southern Front
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718:Volunteer Army
715:
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695:
692:Volunteer Army
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674:under General
651:
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603:Volunteer Army
583:
580:
519:North Caucasus
502:
499:
456:
453:
449:Alexey Kaledin
440:
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433:Boris Savinkov
429:Sergey Sazonov
421:Pavel Milyukov
407:, and General
397:Chief of Staff
384:
381:
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324:White movement
312:Southern Front
244:Volunteer Army
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1157:Southern Army
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767:Russian Corps
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708:Caucasus Army
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689:
688:
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676:Pyotr Wrangel
673:
669:
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642:of mobilized
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596:Caucasus Army
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556:United States
553:
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548:Great Britain
541:
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536:Anton Denikin
532:
528:
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515:Pyotr Krasnov
512:
508:
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481:Yekaterinodar
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469:Kuban Cossack
466:
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461:Rostov-on-Don
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409:Sergey Markov
406:
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401:Anton Denikin
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353:Novocherkassk
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231:Military unit
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208:Lavr Kornilov
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200:Pyotr Vrangel
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196:Anton Denikin
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1323:Baikal Fleet
1308:Russian Army
1276:Zemskaya Rat
1256:Western Army
1057:
996:Russian Army
906:cite journal
883:
862:cite journal
847:
836:. Retrieved
832:
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815:
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664:Novorossiysk
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640:conscription
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571:
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417:Peter Struve
386:
347:and General
342:
296:South Russia
243:
241:
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189:
1394:Middle Asia
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493:beyond the
451:'s forces.
308:Makhnovists
298:during the
122:Engagements
114:Nickname(s)
1448:Categories
1131:Kuban Army
838:2021-10-30
778:References
712:Kuban Army
399:, General
391:, General
304:Bolsheviks
294:active in
292:White Army
283:Dobrarmiya
180:commanders
173:Commanders
70:Allegiance
1266:Ural Army
898:1990-4665
616:Tsaritsyn
560:Entente's
495:Don River
490:stanitsas
485:artillery
473:Ice March
339:Formation
288:Добрармія
277:Добрармия
257:romanized
136:Ice March
1063:Don Army
802:68-60006
736:See also
644:peasants
626:towards
608:Don Army
600:and the
554:and the
534:General
497:region.
445:Red Army
413:regiment
405:Division
377:privates
373:Cossacks
365:officers
314:and the
306:and the
290:) was a
56:Insignia
666:to the
620:Kharkov
395:as its
334:History
310:on the
259::
248:Russian
214:†
190:†
178:Notable
981:armies
896:
800:
668:Crimea
628:Moscow
618:, and
612:Donbas
552:France
369:cadets
210:
186:
87:Branch
62:Active
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1288:]
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1200:]
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1068:Units
1053:]
978:White
656:corps
465:Kuban
81:VSYuR
919:help
894:ISSN
875:help
798:LCCN
650:1920
638:and
582:1919
439:1918
431:and
242:The
98:Size
463:to
351:in
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