399:
visited
Shklovsky in 1963 and wrote: "I was much impressed by Shklovsky's liveliness of spirit, his varied interests and his enormous culture. When we said goodbye to Viktor Borisovich and started for Moscow, I felt that I had met one of the most cultured, most intelligent and best-educated men of
33:
450:
And so, in order to return sensation to our limbs, in order to make us feel objects, to make a stone feel stony, man has been given the tool of art. The purpose of art, then, is to lead us to a knowledge of a thing through the organ of sight instead of recognition. By "enstranging" objects and
451:
complicating form, the device of art makes perception long and "laborious." The perceptual process in art has a purpose all its own and ought to be extended to the fullest. Art is a means of experiencing the process of creativity. The artifact itself is quite unimportant.
461:
Among other things, Shklovsky also contributed the plot/story distinction (syuzhet/fabula), which separates out the sequence of events the work relates (the plot) from the sequence in which those events are presented in the work (the story).
438:(also translated as "estrangement") in literature. He explained the concept in 1917 in the important essay "Art as Technique" (also translated as "Art as Device") which comprised the first chapter of his seminal
336:, and decided to abstain from political activity. His two brothers were executed by the Soviet regime (one in 1918, the other in 1937) and his sister died from hunger in St. Petersburg in 1919.
347:. However, in 1922, he had to go into hiding once again, as he was threatened with arrest and possible execution for his former political activities, and he fled via Finland to Germany. In
875:
1059:
1101:
791:(Italian edition first pub. in 1979). The interview by Vitale is arguably the most important historical document covering the later years of Shklovsy’s life and work.
465:
Shklovsky's work pushes
Russian Formalism towards understanding literary activity as integral parts of social practice, an idea that becomes important in the work of
726:
381:, an author he much admired and whose digressive style had a powerful influence on Shklovsky's writing. In the same year he was allowed to return to the
1220:
1160:
427:, he wrote a number of semi-autobiographical works disguised as fiction, which also served as experiments in his developing theories of literature.
219:
was published in 1925. Shklovsky himself is still praised as "one of the most important literary and cultural theorists of the twentieth century" (
373:
731:
1215:
1185:
501:
Shklovsky was one of the very early serious writers on film. A collection of his essays and articles on film was published in 1923 (
1225:
1092:
305:
where he was wounded and got an award for bravery. After that he was an assistant
Commissar of the Russian Expeditionary Corps in
1106:
1165:
332:, Shklovsky went into hiding, traveling in Russia and Ukraine, but was eventually pardoned in 1919 due to his connections with
953:
1121:
788:
91:
1205:
1200:
302:
876:"Announcing MLA award winners: Ecocriticism and Italy and Viktor Shklovsky: A Reader - Bloomsbury Literary Studies Blog"
278:(Obshchestvo izucheniya POeticheskogo YAZyka—Society for the Study of Poetic Language), one of the two groups (with the
1195:
834:
1180:
859:
1075:
512:
Beginning in the 1920s and well into the 1970s
Shklovsky worked as a screenwriter on numerous Soviet films (see
998:
310:
294:
1190:
325:
197:
130:
48:
524:. Second of all, the name isn't hard to explain. The first factory was my family and school. The second was
509:
and published an extensive critical assessment of his life and works (Moscow 1976, no
English translation).
1210:
1060:
The
Motherland will Notice her Terrible Mistake: Paradox of Futurism in Jasienski, Mayakovsky and Shklovsky
442:, first published in 1925. He argued for the need to turn something that has become over-familiar, like a
720:
220:
1170:
743:
520:
Shklovsky reflects on his work in film, writing: "First of all, I have a job at the third factory of
260:
1048:
456:
Shklovsky, Viktor, Theory of Prose. Translated by
Benjamin Sher, (Dalkey Archive Press, 1990), p. 6.
279:
1230:
1102:
An excerpt from the essay "Art as
Technique" (An alternate translation of "Iskusstvo kak priyom")
809:
552:(1923, translated in 2005) – collection of essays first published in the Soviet theatre journal,
516:
below), a part of his life and work that, thus far, has seen very limited attention. In his book
385:, not least because of an appeal to Soviet authorities that he included in the last pages of his
252:
928:
902:
271:
1014:
979:
1175:
757:
670:
227:); "one of the most fascinating figures of Russian cultural life in the twentieth century" (
1155:
1150:
709:
8:
715:
699:
598:
424:
290:
317:
151:
783:, translated by Jamie Richards, Dalkey Archive Press, Champaign, London, Dublin, 2012
855:
830:
784:
748:
688:
684:
506:
490:
481:'s translations of the works of Russian formalists in the 1960s and 1970s, including
435:
340:
283:
223:
Prize
Committee); "one of the most lively and irreverent minds of the last century" (
209:
201:
135:
1111:
270:, he volunteered for the Russian Army and eventually became a driving trainer in an
1135:
1093:
Reading Viktor
Shklovsky with a little bit about Jonathan Franzen by Martin Riker,
396:
386:
240:
192:
54:
1002:
482:
478:
466:
412:
378:
267:
244:
228:
147:
1115:
486:
58:
1144:
767:
470:
351:, in 1923, he published his memoirs about the period 1917–22 under the title
675:
659:
648:
638:
382:
224:
80:
1087:
642:
420:
416:
333:
205:
411:
In addition to literary criticism and biographies about such authors as
981:
The empty cage: inquiry into the mysterious disappearance of the author
704:
664:
653:
477:. Shklovsky's thought also influenced western thinkers, partly due to
321:
164:
200:
12 January] 1893 – 6 December 1984) was a Russian and Soviet
474:
298:
993:
443:
324:
and took part in an anti-Bolshevik plot organised by members of the
248:
344:
339:
Shklovsky integrated into Soviet society and even took part in the
256:
32:
850:
Shklovsky, Viktor; Sher, Benjamin; Bruns, Gerald (1 April 1993).
694:
521:
505:, first English edition 2008). He was a close friend of director
546:(1923, translated in 1971 by Richard Sheldon) – epistolary novel
525:
348:
306:
275:
76:
1131:
1088:
The Formalist’s Formalist: On Viktor Shklovsky by Joshua Cohen
430:
Shklovsky is perhaps best known for developing the concept of
316:
Shklovsky returned to St. Petersburg in early 1918, after the
329:
585:(1931, translation by Valeriya Yermishova published in 2017)
1013:
Peter Brooker, Andrzej Gasiorek, Deborah Longworth (2011)
528:. And the third – is processing me at this very moment."
282:) that developed the critical theories and techniques of
579:(1928, translation by Shushan Avagyan published in 2017)
1122:
The Trotsky-Shklovsky Debate: Formalism versus Marxism
760:, based on the eponymous novel by Ethel Lilian Voynich
624:(selected writings, translated and published in 2016)
597:(1941, translated in 1972) – about the times of poet
361:
1132:
Victor Shklovsky and Roman Jacobson. Life as a Novel
446:in the literary canon, into something revitalized:
274:unit in St. Petersburg. There, in 1916, he founded
1107:Biography in "Энциклопедия Кругосвет" (in Russian)
849:
829:. US: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 670–671.
827:Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema
628:
208:. He is one of the major figures associated with
1142:
824:
610:Bowstring: On the Dissimilarity of the Similar
374:A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
986:
573:(1926, translated in 1979 by Richard Sheldon)
567:(1925, translated in 1990) – essay collection
540:(1923, translated in 1970 by Richard Sheldon)
353:
328:. After the conspiracy was discovered by the
182:
1112:Shklovsky's "Monument to a Scientific Error"
854:. Elmwood Park, Ill: Dalkey Archive Press.
363:Sentimental'noe puteshestvie, vospominaniia
969:(Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1965), p. 104.
926:
900:
31:
1221:Russian military personnel of World War I
1161:Socialist Revolutionary Party politicians
538:A Sentimental Journey: Memoirs, 1917–1922
531:
355:Сентиментальное путешествие, воспоминания
1126:International Journal of Russian Studies
1143:
406:
191:
1034:, Dalkey Archive Press 2002, pp.8–9.
954:Письма внуку. Letters to My Grandson
92:Saint Petersburg Imperial University
247:mathematician (with ancestors from
13:
1114:, translation available online at
687:, based on the eponymous novel by
616:Energy of Delusion: A Book on Plot
320:. During the Civil War he opposed
14:
1242:
1216:20th-century Russian male writers
1069:
1186:Russian people of German descent
1016:The Oxford Handbook of Modernism
880:Bloomsbury Literary Studies Blog
1226:People of the Russian Civil War
1053:
1037:
1024:
1007:
972:
959:
946:
920:
894:
868:
843:
818:
802:
719:, documentary, 1929, director
629:Select filmography (as writer)
544:Zoo, or Letters Not About Love
390:Zoo, or Letters Not About Love
295:Russian Provisional Government
289:Shklovsky participated in the
114:Zoo, or Letters Not About Love
1:
1166:Writers from Saint Petersburg
795:
773:
739:, 1932, director Lev Kuleshov
559:Literature and Cinematography
503:Literature and Cinematography
326:Socialist-Revolutionary Party
184:Ви́ктор Бори́сович Шкло́вский
781:Shklovsky: Witness to an Era
583:Life of a Bishop's Assistant
243:, Russia. His father was a
7:
721:Viktor Alexandrovitsh Turin
403:He died in Moscow in 1984.
362:
293:of 1917. Subsequently, the
221:Modern Language Association
179:Viktor Borisovich Shklovsky
44:Viktor Borisovich Shklovsky
10:
1247:
1206:Soviet literary historians
1201:Russian male screenwriters
618:(1981, translated in 2007)
612:(1970, translated in 2011)
606:(1963, translated in 1996)
591:(1931, translated in 2012)
561:(1923, translated in 2008)
16:Russian writer (1893–1984)
1196:Soviet male screenwriters
595:Mayakovsky and his circle
354:
297:sent him as an assistant
261:St. Petersburg University
183:
172:
157:
141:
129:
125:
97:
87:
65:
51:12 January] 1893
39:
30:
23:
1181:Russian literary critics
1128:6 (January 2017): 15–27.
992:Viktor Shklovsky (1917)
280:Moscow Linguistic Circle
1001:5 December 2009 at the
978:Carla Benedetti (1999)
825:Peter Rollberg (2016).
496:
234:
196:; 24 January [
641:, based on a story by
532:Bibliography (English)
459:
255:and his mother was of
239:Shklovsky was born in
204:, critic, writer, and
933:Bloomsbury Publishing
907:Bloomsbury Publishing
758:Aleksandr Faintsimmer
702:, based on the novel
671:The House on Trubnaya
448:
395:The Yugoslav scholar
369:A Sentimental Journey
193:[ˈʂklofskʲɪj]
47:24 January [
1191:Soviet screenwriters
1134:documentary film by
710:Ethel Lilian Voynich
259:origin. He attended
1211:Soviet male writers
744:Minin and Pozharsky
700:Kote Mardjanishvili
622:Shklovsky: A Reader
599:Vladimir Mayakovsky
589:A Hunt for Optimism
425:Vladimir Mayakovsky
407:Writer and theorist
291:February Revolution
251:) who converted to
215:Viktor Shklovsky's
1030:Viktor Shklovsky:
965:Mihajlo Mihajlov,
929:"Viktor Shklovsky"
903:"Viktor Shklovsky"
882:. 11 December 2017
514:Select Filmography
318:October Revolution
303:Southwestern Front
152:Literary criticism
1171:Russian formalism
789:978-1-56478-791-0
766:, 1961, director
756:, 1956, director
749:Vsevolod Pudovkin
747:, 1939, director
730:, 1930, director
727:Amerikanka (film)
698:, 1928, director
689:Ivan Lazhechnikov
685:Konstantin Eggert
683:, 1928, director
674:, 1928, director
663:, 1927, director
652:, 1927, director
637:, 1926, director
577:The Hamburg Score
507:Sergei Eisenstein
491:Hans Robert Jauss
436:defamiliarization
343:, serving in the
341:Russian Civil War
284:Russian Formalism
253:Russian Orthodoxy
245:Lithuanian Jewish
210:Russian formalism
202:literary theorist
176:
175:
136:Russian Formalism
104:Воскрешение слова
1238:
1136:Vladimir Nepevny
1076:An excerpt from
1063:
1057:
1051:
1041:
1035:
1028:
1022:
1011:
1005:
995:Art as Technique
990:
984:
976:
970:
963:
957:
950:
944:
943:
941:
939:
927:Bloomsbury.com.
924:
918:
917:
915:
913:
901:Bloomsbury.com.
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
872:
866:
865:
847:
841:
840:
822:
816:
806:
681:The House of Ice
469:and Russian and
457:
397:Mihajlo Mihajlov
387:epistolary novel
365:
357:
356:
311:Persian Campaign
195:
190:
186:
185:
100:
72:
55:Saint Petersburg
35:
25:Viktor Shklovsky
21:
20:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1141:
1140:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1042:
1038:
1029:
1025:
1012:
1008:
1003:Wayback Machine
991:
987:
977:
973:
964:
960:
951:
947:
937:
935:
925:
921:
911:
909:
899:
895:
885:
883:
874:
873:
869:
862:
852:Theory of Prose
848:
844:
837:
823:
819:
807:
803:
798:
779:Serena Vitale:
776:
631:
565:Theory of Prose
554:The Life of Art
534:
499:
483:Tzvetan Todorov
479:Tzvetan Todorov
467:Mikhail Bakhtin
458:
455:
440:Theory of Prose
413:Laurence Sterne
409:
379:Laurence Sterne
371:), alluding to
268:First World War
237:
229:Tzvetan Todorov
217:Theory of Prose
188:
160:
150:
148:Literary theory
144:
119:Theory of Prose
117:
112:
107:
98:
88:Alma mater
83:
74:
70:
69:6 December 1984
61:
52:
46:
45:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1244:
1234:
1233:
1231:Film theorists
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1139:
1138:
1129:
1119:
1116:David Bordwell
1109:
1104:
1099:
1090:
1085:
1071:
1070:External links
1068:
1065:
1064:
1052:
1043:Antti Alanen:
1036:
1023:
1006:
985:
971:
958:
945:
919:
893:
867:
860:
842:
836:978-1442268425
835:
817:
810:transliterated
800:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
775:
772:
771:
770:
761:
751:
740:
734:
723:
712:
691:
678:
667:
656:
645:
630:
627:
626:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
547:
541:
533:
530:
498:
495:
487:Gerard Genette
453:
408:
405:
400:our century."
257:German-Russian
241:St. Petersburg
236:
233:
181:(Russian:
174:
173:
170:
169:
161:
158:
155:
154:
145:
143:Main interests
142:
139:
138:
133:
127:
126:
123:
122:
101:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
75:
73:(aged 91)
67:
63:
62:
59:Russian Empire
53:
43:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1243:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1033:
1032:Third Factory
1027:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
989:
983:
982:
975:
968:
967:Moscow Summer
962:
955:
949:
934:
930:
923:
908:
904:
897:
881:
877:
871:
863:
861:9780916583644
857:
853:
846:
838:
832:
828:
821:
814:
811:
805:
801:
790:
786:
782:
778:
777:
769:
768:Vasili Pronin
765:
762:
759:
755:
752:
750:
746:
745:
741:
738:
735:
733:
729:
728:
724:
722:
718:
717:
713:
711:
707:
706:
701:
697:
696:
692:
690:
686:
682:
679:
677:
673:
672:
668:
666:
662:
661:
657:
655:
651:
650:
646:
644:
640:
636:
633:
632:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
600:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
571:Third Factory
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
555:
551:
550:Knight's Move
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
535:
529:
527:
523:
519:
518:Third Factory
515:
510:
508:
504:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
471:Prague School
468:
463:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
404:
401:
398:
393:
391:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
370:
366:
364:
358:
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
194:
180:
171:
167:
166:
162:
159:Notable ideas
156:
153:
149:
146:
140:
137:
134:
132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
110:
109:Art as Device
105:
102:
96:
93:
90:
86:
82:
78:
68:
64:
60:
56:
50:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1176:Russian Jews
1125:
1094:
1081:
1077:
1055:
1044:
1039:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1015:
1009:
994:
988:
980:
974:
966:
961:
956:(In Russian)
948:
936:. Retrieved
932:
922:
910:. Retrieved
906:
896:
884:. Retrieved
879:
870:
851:
845:
826:
820:
812:
804:
780:
763:
753:
742:
736:
725:
714:
703:
693:
680:
676:Boris Barnet
669:
660:Bed and Sofa
658:
649:Jews on Land
647:
639:Lev Kuleshov
634:
621:
615:
609:
603:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
553:
549:
543:
537:
517:
513:
511:
502:
500:
473:scholars of
464:
460:
449:
439:
431:
429:
410:
402:
394:
389:
383:Soviet Union
372:
368:
360:
352:
338:
315:
288:
272:armoured car
265:
238:
225:David Bellos
216:
214:
178:
177:
163:
118:
113:
108:
103:
99:Notable work
81:Soviet Union
71:(1984-12-06)
18:
1156:1984 deaths
1151:1893 births
952:Shklovsky,
737:The Horizon
643:Jack London
604:Leo Tolstoy
421:Leo Tolstoy
417:Maxim Gorky
334:Maxim Gorky
266:During the
206:pamphleteer
1145:Categories
1049:Amerikanka
1045:Film Diary
938:16 October
912:16 October
886:16 October
813:Shklovskii
796:References
774:Interviews
754:The Gadfly
732:Leo Esakya
705:The Gadfly
665:Abram Room
654:Abram Room
635:By the Law
432:ostranenie
322:Bolshevism
165:Ostranenie
1082:Asymptote
1078:Bowstring
485:himself,
475:semiotics
299:Commissar
1118:'s site.
999:Archived
454:—
345:Red Army
1095:Context
716:Turksib
695:Krazana
522:Goskino
301:to the
111:(1917)
106:(1914)
858:
833:
787:
764:Kazaki
526:Opoyaz
444:cliché
423:, and
349:Berlin
307:Persia
276:OPOYAZ
249:Shklov
168:(1917)
131:School
121:(1925)
116:(1923)
77:Moscow
1020:p.841
808:Also
330:Cheka
309:(see
940:2018
914:2018
888:2018
856:ISBN
831:ISBN
785:ISBN
497:Film
489:and
235:Life
198:O.S.
189:IPA:
66:Died
49:O.S.
40:Born
1097:#13
1080:in
708:by
434:or
377:by
313:).
1147::
1124:.
1047:–
931:.
905:.
878:.
493:.
419:,
415:,
392:.
367:,
286:.
263:.
231:)
212:.
187:,
79:,
57:,
1062:.
942:.
916:.
890:.
864:.
839:.
815:.
359:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
