College and university rankings

2216:(RAE) were the UK government's evaluation of research quality in British Universities. Each subject, called a unit of assessment, was ranked by a peer review panel. The rankings were used in the allocation of government funding. The last assessment was made in 2008. The RAE provided quality ratings for research across all disciplines. Panels used a standard scale for each submission. Ratings ranged from 1 to 5, according to the quantity of work that was judged to reach national or international levels of excellence. Participating institutions receive grants from one of the four higher education funding bodies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The top three universities in the 2008 RAE exercise were 1305:

9,000 parent institutions worldwide presenting a page of output statistics for each institution along with information on institutions collaborating with the institution in the publication of Index articles. Each of the approximately 60,000 articles in the Index has a dedicated article page with social and mainstream media coverage tracked by Altmetric. League tables of the output of institutions can be generated on the fly on a global, regional, or country basis and by broad subject area as well as by article count and fractional article count. Compare with other metrics of science (e.g., Impact Factor, h-index), Nature Index is the prominent scientific journal ranking with global reputation on original

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international coverage and is intended to become a tool of choice of the university for the key stakeholders of higher education: applicants, students, representatives of the academic community, university management. The RUR Rankings publisher is an independent RUR Rankings Agency, geographically located in Moscow, Russia. RUR is aimed to provide a transparent, comprehensive analytical system for benchmarking and evaluating universities across the borders to the widest possible audience: students, analysts, decision-makers in the field of higher education development both at individual institutional and at the national level.

2666: 295:,) which informs the "Citation per Faculty" indicator and represent 20 percent of the overall score. The results also draw on the expert opinions of over 144,000 academic faculty and over 98,000 international employers. These two indicators are worth 30 percent and 15 percent of a university's possible score respectively. The QS rankings also incorporate faculty/student ratios (10 percent of the overall score) and international staff and student numbers (5 percent each of the overall score). The detailed methodology is available online. 1391:-QS and Webometrics and a pool of experts formed by project officials and managers to determine the rating scales for indicators in seven areas. It considers academic performance, research performance, faculty expertise, resource availability, socially significant activities of graduates, international activities, and international opinion. Each expert independently evaluates these performance indicators for candidate universities. The rating is the average of the expert evaluations. This ranking raised questions when it placed Russian 744:. Academic Influence gives weight in its rankings to citations of peer-reviewed articles, chapters, and books by influential academics worldwide. It thereby attempts to map and objectively measure the influence of a school's thought leadership through its students, faculty, staff, and alumni. Academic Influence allows users to create rankings on the fly through its dynamic schools and people tools, which can be filtered by discipline, country, and period. Tech entrepreneur and computer scientist 129:). All of these, along with other global rankings, primarily measure the research performance of universities rather than their teaching. They have been criticized for being "largely based on what can be measured rather than what is necessarily relevant and important to the university", and the validity of the data available globally has been questioned. As of 2021, across the three most popular global rankings, "the majority of the top-ten globally ranked institutions are located in 1737:'s top institutions, but comparisons with the rest of the world are provided in the full report. The report said, "University College London comes out on top in both publications (the number of scientific publications produced by the university) and citations (the number of times those scientific publications are cited by other researchers)" however the table lists the top scoring university as "Univ London" implying that the authors counted the scientific output of the entire 7163: 1927:) compiled a ranking of Macedonian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) commissioned by the country's Ministry of Education and Science in February 2011 and released it on 16 February 2012. Nineteen qualified HEIs were included in the ranking. The ranking used 19 indicators of academic performance and competitiveness, covering major mission aspects of HEIs such as teaching, research and social service. It is the first university ranking in North Macedonia. 829:

equivalents each organization filed in the same period in the Derwent World Patents Index and the Derwent Innovations Index. The remaining 70 institutions were mostly universities and were ranked using criteria such as frequency of patent applications granted, the number of filed patents, frequency of those patents being cited, as well as how many of their papers were cited by patents or co-authored by an industry author. The ranking has the

315:. These criteria update led to the inclusion of five Central Asian nations - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan - as well as Iran. For the first time in eight years, a Singaporean institution did not take the regional top spot, nor did Singapore occupy two of the top three positions. The city-state's hegemony at the top of the table was interrupted by the rise of China's premier institutions, particularly 1175: 2276:. Ranking criteria include student body characteristics, classes, faculty, finances, library, and reputation. The rankings are split into three categories: schools that focus on undergraduate studies with few to no graduate programs, schools that have both extensive undergraduate studies and an extensive selection of graduate programs and schools that have a professional medical program and a selection of graduate programs. 810:

Engineering, Computing & Technology (ENG), Life Sciences (LIFE), Natural Sciences (SCI) and Social Sciences (SOC). The ten subjects include Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Geosciences, Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering (including Energy & Fuels), Materials Sciences, and Civil Engineering (including Environmental Engineering). The ranking was produced by

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those universities that achieved leading positions in other global university rankings and/or national academic rankings listed in IREG Inventory of National Rankings, and, in some cases, also those universities showing the highest research productivity. MosIUR does not consider narrow-focused higher education institutions. The latest Moscow Ranking issue featured 1800 higher education institutions globally.

183:, use reputational surveys. The validity of these has been criticized: "Most experts are highly critical of the reliability of simply asking a rather unrandom group of educators and others involved with the academic enterprise for their opinions"; "methodologically are flawed, effectively they only measure research performance and they skew the results in favor of a small number of institutions." 464:, underwent analysis. Arab scholars recommended creating two new methodologies for World University Ranking and Arab University Ranking. They raised concerns by accusing biases against universities in the Arab region universities within existing rankings, and underscored the importance of recalibrating indicator weighting due to disregarded institutional disparities. 806:

indicators. They were: articles published over the prior 11 years; citations of those articles, "current" articles, current citations, average citations, "H-index", number of "highly cited papers" and high impact journal articles. They represented three criteria of scientific papers performance: research productivity, research impact, and research excellence.

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The overall Best Global Universities rankings encompass the top 750 institutions spread out across 57 countries – up from the top 500 universities in 49 countries ranked last year. The first step in producing these rankings, which are powered by Thomson Reuters InCitesTM research analytics solutions,

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The ranking uses a methodology with 10 metrics. The process cross-references the 500 academic and government organizations with the greatest number of published articles in scholarly journals as indexed in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection database against how many patents and patent

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to assess quality for English universities. This replaced Teaching Quality Assessments (TQAs) which aimed to assess the administrative, policy and procedural framework within which teaching took place and did not directly assess teaching quality. This inspection-based system was replaced by a system

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The new HRLR ranking innovative methods sparked intense interest from many institutions and inspired several other ranking lists and scoring which are based on professional, alumni, executives, competitiveness, human capital-oriented aspects. Nevertheless, HRLR remains to be the leader in university

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The ranking started in 2004 and is based on a composite indicator that includes both the volume of the Web content and the visibility and impact of web publications according to the number of external links they received. A wide range of scientific activities appears exclusively on academic websites

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Round University Ranking, or abbreviated RUR Rankings is a world university ranking, assessing effectiveness of 750 leading universities in the world based on 20 indicators distributed among 4 key dimension areas: teaching, research, international diversity, financial sustainability. The ranking has

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The 2007 ranking methodology was alleged to have favored universities with medical schools, and in response, HEEACT added assessment criteria. The six field-based rankings are based on the subject categorization of WOS, including Agriculture & Environment Sciences (AGE), Clinical Medicine (MED),

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While some rankings attempt to measure teaching using metrics such as staff to student ratio, the Higher Education Policy Institute has pointed out that the metrics used are more closely related to research than teaching quality, e.g. "Staff to student ratios are an almost direct measure of research

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towards the type of scientific research valued by indicators used for ranking exercises. There have also been concerns that by applying a limited set of criteria to world universities, and given the strong desire to feature in the top 200 universities, rankings actually encourage the homogenization

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Another approach to classify the European research area is offered by 'European Research Ranking'. This ranking is based on publicly available data from the European Commissions project and funding database CORDIS to estimate the funding and networking performance of European research institutions.

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compiled a list of the 22 universities in the EU with the highest scientific impact. This ranking was compiled as part of the Third European Report on Science & Technology Indicators, prepared by the Directorate General for Science and Research of the European Commission in 2003 (updated 2004).

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In 2004, a couple of educational institutions voiced concerns at several events in regard to the accuracy and effectiveness of ranking bodies or lists. The HRLR ranking was pioneered in late 2005 within a working group in response to those concerns. The team was founded in January 2007, in London,

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The Human Resources & Labor Review (HRLR) publishes a human competitiveness index & analysis annually by Asia First Media—now part of Destiny Media, previously ChaseCareer Network (ChaseCareer.Net). This system is based on Human Resources & Labour Review Indexes, the HRI and LRI, which

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The shortlist of the Moscow International University Ranking aims to provide the widest possible representation of the leading multi-profile universities all over the world, the quota being assigned to each country with regard to that country's contribution to the global economy. MosIUR shortlists

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Webometric indicators measure institutional commitment to Web publication. Webometric results show a high correlation with other rankings. However, North American universities are relatively common in the top 200, while small and medium-size biomedical institutions and German, French, Italian, and

1994:. This ranking is considered the most objective system. It covers 476 higher education institutions and is based on the average score of the Unified State Examination that is required to enter a university. The ranking has separate sub-rankings for different subjects and clusters of universities. 1411:

The High Impact Universities Research Performance Index (RPI) is a 2010 Australian initiative that studies university research performance. The pilot project involved a trial of over 1,000 universities or institutions and 5,000 constituent faculties (in various disciplines) worldwide. The top 500

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Best Colleges Ranking, the Global University Ranking is focused on the research power and faculty resources for students, while the National Ranking is only focused on undergraduate studies. Therefore, for graduate studies and international students, the Best Global Universities Ranking is a much

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Best Global Universities rankings were produced to provide insight into how universities compare globally. As an increasing number of students are planning to enroll in universities outside of their own country, the Best Global Universities rankings – which focus specifically on schools' academic

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Vargas-Quesada, Benjamin; Bustos-González, Atilio; de Moya-Anegón, Félix. (2017). Scimago institutions rankings: The most comprehensive ranking approach to the world of research institutions. In: Research Analytics: Boosting University Productivity and Competitiveness through Scientometrics, pp.

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tracks the affiliations of high-quality scientific articles published in 68 science journals independently chosen by the scientific community as the journals scientists would most like to publish their best research in. Updated monthly, the Nature Index presents research reports of approximately

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maintains a European and worldwide ranking of the top 500 universities according including the number and impact of Web of Science-indexed publications per year. The rankings compare research institutions by taking into account differences in language, discipline and institutional size. Multiple

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revealed the methodology which they proposed to use when compiling the new world university rankings. The new methodology included 13 separate performance indicators, an increase from the six measures employed between 2004 and 2009. After further consultation the criteria were grouped under five

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The first-ever QS Arab Region University Rankings is released in 2014. Evaluating institutions based on global recognition, research prowess, teaching resources and internationalisation (methodology), the 2024 edition of the ranking is the largest ever, showcasing 223 institutions from 18 member

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The Bulgarian University Ranking System, maintained by the Bulgarian Ministry of Education, compares academic programs in accredited domestic higher education institutions. The system ranks programs based on more than 50 indicators, such as teaching and learning conditions, scientific research,

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The Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) is based in the United Arab Emirates and publishes global university rankings measuring the quality of education and training for students as well as the prestige of the faculty members and the quality of their research. Samplings do not come from

1909:, compiles a ranking of Italian universities. Furthermore, the ministerial Agency for the Evaluation of University and Research (ANVUR) publishes every five years a detailed analysis regarding the entirety of the higher education institutions in the country, with a range of grades from D to A. 338:

The QS Latin American University & The Caribbean Rankings were published for the first time in 2011. The methodology was developed in consultation with experts from the region. Evaluating the region's institutions based on academic and employer recognition, research output, resources and

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dropped to fifth place. China (Mainland) was the region's most represented location, with 128 listed universities, followed by India with 118 and Japan with 106.  Although the Asian University Rankings share some core metrics with the QS World University Rankings, there are variations in the

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similarly states "these criteria do not actually measure teaching, and none even come close to assessing the quality of impact". Many rankings are also considered to contain biases towards the natural sciences and, due to the bibliometric sources used, towards publication in English-language

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The Three University Missions Moscow International University Ranking (shortly MosIUR) is produced by Association of Rating Makers, a non-commercial organization based in Moscow. The Three University Missions ranking evaluates the quality of education, scientific work, and the universities'

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to analyze and rank the performance of the 500 top universities and the top 300 universities in six fields. HEEACT further provides subject rankings in science and technology fields. It also ranked the top 300 universities across ten science and technology fields. The ranking included eight

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largest-ever methodological enhancement, introducing three new metrics: Sustainability, Employment Outcomes and International Research Network, each worth 5% of a university's possible score. The results draw on the analysis of 17.5m academic papers (bibliometric data provided by data from

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In 2023, for the 20th edition of the QS World University Rankings, released on 28 June 2023, QS following an 18 months long consultation involving representatives of the global higher education sector, students and the QS Rankings Global Advisory Board (established in 2010), introduced its

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and inCites. For global rankings, URAP employs indicators of research performance including the number of articles, citation, total documents, article impact total, citation impact total, and international collaboration. In addition to global rankings, URAP publishes regional rankings for

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is publishing Japan University Rankings once a year, using a balanced scorecard approach, with 16 individual performance indicators combining to create an overall score that reflects the broad strength of an institution. Data for the rankings come from a variety of sources. These include

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surveys and university data submissions. Instead, the rankings rely more on outcome-based samplings, coupled with a Subject ranking in 227 subject categories. The Subject portion of the ranking is based on the number of research articles in top-tier journals with data obtained from

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QS Quacquarelli Symonds, in addition to their QS World University Rankings, publish an annual ranking of the top 300 universities in Latin America. The eighth instalment, released for the 2016/17 academic year, places the Universidade de São Paulo as the region's best university.

1097:(CSIC), the main public research body in Spain. It offers information about more than 12,000 universities according to their web presence (an assessment of the scholarly contents, visibility, and impact of universities on the web). The ranking is updated every January and July. 866:

The SCImago Institutions Rankings (SIR) since 2009 has published its international ranking of worldwide research institutions, the SIR World Report. The SIR World Report is the work of the SCImago Research Group, a Spain-based research organization consist of members from the

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In Chile the "Comisión Nacional de Acreditación" (National Commission of Accreditation of the Universities) manages evaluation and accreditation. It also ranks universities according to accreditation levels. Other commercial rankings are made by research magazines, including

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has been ranking separately for more than 30 years – stand globally. All universities can now benchmark themselves against schools in their own country and region, become more visible on the world stage and find top schools in other countries to consider collaborating with.

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saying: U-Multirank "will be useful to each participating higher education institution, as a planning and self-mapping exercise. By providing students with clearer information to guide their study choices, this is a fresh tool for more quality, relevance and transparency in

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The QS World University Rankings by Subject was first published in 2011, featuring 26 disciplines. The latest edition showcases over 1,500 universities and specialist higher education institutions across 55 different subjects, grouped into 5 faculty (broad subject) areas.

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Academic Influence creates global and U.S.-centric rankings of colleges, universities, and disciplinary programs by evaluating the combined influence of a school's faculty within and across fields of study. Using machine-learning technology developed with funding from the

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In December 2008, the European Commission published a call for tenders, inviting bidders to design and test a new multi-dimensional university ranking system with global outreach. The first results of the envisaged pilot project were promised for the first half of 2011.

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QS's Asian University Rankings use some of the same data as the QS World University Rankings alongside other material, such as the number of exchange students attending or traveling from each university. The rankings list the top 350 universities in Asia. Similarly, the

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results for universities and faculties were reported on the project website. The project promotes simplicity, transparency and fairness. The assessment analyzes research performance as measured by publications and citations. Publication and citation data are drawn from

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Result tables for the top 20 institutions in each of the data labels in this study. These include some of the selected universities in addition to the rest of Mexico's higher education institutions, as well as institutes, centers and other research producing

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ExECUM allows users to establish comparison types and levels which they consider relevant. Data is presented in raw form with virtually no derived indicators. Users can relate variables and build indicators according to their own analytical perspectives.

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of higher education institutions, making them less responsive and less relevant to their immediate contexts. The fact that rankings are also said to favour the advantage enjoyed by the 200 best-ranked institutions has important implications for equity.

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ranking considers quality of students, quality of teachers, rating of professors by student, research productivity, internationalization, integration with the community, student life quality and inclusion of students from lower social strata.

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assesses academic output of Turkish universities, as well as about 300 institutes of higher education worldwide. Their methodology focuses only on article and citation indicators in an attempt to minimize the impact of subjective data.

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This ranking was published for the first time in March 2011. The rankings are based on a survey of (for 2016) 10,323 academics from 133 countries, who are asked to talk the top universities in their field for teaching and for research.

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is known for "relying solely on research indicators", and "the ranking is heavily weighted toward institutions whose faculty or alumni have won Nobel Prizes": it does not measure "the quality of teaching or the quality of humanities."

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success. Rankings may also consider various combinations of measures of specialization expertise, student options, award numbers, internationalization, graduate employment, industrial linkage, historical reputation and other criteria.

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Japanese universities were less common in the top ranks. Possible reasons include publishing via independent research councils (CNRS, Max Planck, CNR) or the large amount of non-English Web content, which is less likely to be linked.

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ranks Irish universities based on a mix of criteria, including secondary school examination scores, graduation rates, staff-student ratio, research efficiency, accommodation, nontraditional students, athletics and sports facilities.

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weightings. Additionally, the methodology for the Asian rankings integrates region-specific indicators. Notably, these include metrics such as the percentage of staff with PhDs and data on inbound and outbound exchange students.

194:. Some countries, including Denmark and the Netherlands, use university rankings as part of points-based immigration programs, while others, such as Russia, automatically recognize degrees from higher-ranked universities. India's 2184:

in 2014. It is used by the UK government to evaluate the research quality of British universities and determine the distribution of future research funding. In 2014, the top five universities for research power as compiled by

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data. G-factor is an indicator of the popularity or importance of each university's website from the combined perspectives of other institutions. It claims to be an objective peer review of a university through its website—in

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has even questioned whether rankings "do more harm than good," noting that while "Rightly or wrongly, they are perceived as a measure of quality and so create intense competition between universities all over the world".

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and accompanying criticisms of each indicate the lack of consensus in the field. Further, it seems possible to game the ranking systems through excessive self-citations or by researchers supporting each other in surveys.

378:(KAU), dropped to fifth, after spending four consecutive years in the top spot. Egypt was the most represented higher education system, with 36 featured universities, followed by Saudi Arabia with 34 and Iraq with 24. 41:

system. These rankings can be conducted at the national or international level, assessing institutions within a single country, within a specific geographical region, or worldwide. Rankings are typically conducted by

166:, also fail to make any correction for the sizes of institutions, so a large institution is ranked considerably higher than a small institution with the same quality of research. Other compilers, such as Scimago and 2937: 2409:

A selection of the most prominent 58 universities (43 publics and 13 privates). This selection accounts for more than 60 percent of undergraduate and graduate enrollments. It includes public federal universities

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Global University Ranking measures over 400 universities using the RatER, an autonomous, non-commercial, Russian rating agency supported by Russia's academic society. The methodology pools universities from

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ranking lists are released according to various bibliometric normalization and impact indicators, including the number of publications, citations-per-publication, and field-averaged impact per publication.

1768:. The report does not provide a direct comparison between EU and universities in the rest of the world, although it does compute a scientific impact score, which is measured against the world average. 2081:

The swissUp Ranking ranked Swiss university and polytechnic students until 2004. The swissUp Ranking is no longer conducted. Some universities from the German-speaking part of Switzerland, such as

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conduct an annual survey and ranking of higher education at study program level, based on entry salary, career development, internationalization, and degree of academic-business collaboration.

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conduct an annual survey and ranking of higher education at study program level and institution level, based on entry salary, career development, drop-out rates, and program completion rates.

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Ranking or Ranking Web is built from a database of over 30,000 higher education institutions. The top 12,000 universities are shown in the main ranking and more are covered in regional lists.

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The CHE also publishes a "ResearchRanking" showing the research strengths of German universities. The CHE ResearchRanking is based on the research-related data of the University Ranking.

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produces an integrated ranking of higher education institutions specialising in economics and finance. The Journal uses the average score of the Unified State Examination, the number of

1058:' chief data strategist Robert Morse stated: "We're well-known in the field for doing academic rankings so we thought it was a natural extension of the other rankings that we're doing." 6694: 4142: 4700: 3727: 6410: 1501:

Asia University Rankings "use the same 13 performance indicators as the THE World University Rankings, but they are recalibrated to reflect the attributes of Asia's institutions."

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Based on this comparative study project, ECUM's creator, the Dirección General de Evaluación Institucional, published reports providing an analysis of the data for 2007 and 2008.

2390:–indexed journals; faculty participation in each of Mexico's three-level National Researchers System (SNI); graduate degrees within National Council of Science and Technology's ( 6894: 795: 789: 1661: 105:

Several organizations produce worldwide university rankings, including the following. The three longest established and most influential global rankings are those produced by

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research and reputation overall and not on their separate undergraduate or graduate programs – can help those students accurately compare institutions around the world.

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objective of enhancing transparency about the different missions and the performance of higher education institutions and research institutes. At a press conference in

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rankings. This ranking stresses the scientific quality of the institution, as opposed to its size or perceived prestige. Thus smaller, technical universities, such as

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produced a formal study examining the ranking methodology, illuminating the factors that determined its rank and criticizing certain aspects of the methodology. The

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A personalized selection from more than 600 institutions. These are classified by institutional type, institutional gatherings, by activity sector alphabetically.

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and published annually since 2019, with retrospective rankings available for 2012 to 2018. The criteria for ARTU is the sum of world rank across the 3 rankings (=

7120: 2349:" request but that it was "too late" for the universities to respond. Samarasekera further stated, "Most of had already posted the data online, and we directed 505: 301:

The QS World University Rankings expanded its portfolio in 2009 to incorporate the Asian University Rankings. This expansion was executed in collaboration with

6761: 2235:(QAA) assesses undergraduate teaching. QAA is an independent body established by the UK's higher education institutions in 1997. QAA was under contract to the 6500: 823: 7105: 6846: 2474: 2462: 1646: 1462:, but has not been repeated. It considered openness and diversity as well as distinction in research. The ranking has been continued since its merger with 995:

to rank American institutions. Universities are judged on factors such as global research reputation, publications, and the number of highly cited papers.

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and now maintained by the ShanghaiRanking Consultancy, has provided annual global rankings of universities since 2003, making it the earliest of its kind.

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is to be published in 2017; this is a rating system (giving gold, silver or bronze ratings to higher education providers) rather than a ranking as such.

267: 5697: 3106: 1334: 1196: 1189: 707:. Since 2012, United States has the highest number of ARTU Top 200 universities, while Switzerland has the most ARTU Top 200 universities per capita. 7133: 1991: 1276:

and started compiling and processing data, resulting in the first lists in 2007–2008. The ranking concept is later being adopted for Alumni score on

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newspaper published the top 200–ranked Ukrainian universities in 2007. Kyiv Student Council ranks universities on criteria of student satisfaction.

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is entering into the international college and university rankings area that is already "dominated by three major global university rankings": the

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In Argentina the National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation ranks higher education programs by evaluation and accreditation.

5259: 5055: 4726: 1450:-QS rankings, with the additional criterion of the number of volumes in the library. It formed part of a special issue including an article from 363: 5957: 517:

published a table of the top 200 universities and QS ranked approximately 500 online, in book form, and via media partners. On 30 October 2009,

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staff to our Web sites. In instances where the magazine staff couldn't find data on our Web site, they chose to use the previous year's data."

2122: 737: 6976: 1239: 4704: 4361: 3737: 2232: 6272: 5479: 3820: 2501:. In addition to ranking entire institutions, specific programs, departments, and schools can be ranked. Some rankings consider measures of 2435: 1211: 671:

The Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities (ARTU) is a meta-ranking that positions global universities based on World University Rankings by

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launched their own international university ranking titled "Best Global Universities". The inaugural ranking was published in October 2014.

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Beginning in September 2006, over 20 Canadian universities, including several of the most prestigious and largest universities such as the

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using additional indicators such as the number of students and faculty members obtained from Center of Measuring, Selection and Placement

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In addition to ranking entire institutions, specific programs, departments, and schools can be ranked. Some rankings consider measures of

7110: 7073: 6960: 6406: 5943: 3712: 2362: 1847: 4741:"European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - New international university ranking: Commission welcomes launch of U-Multirank" 1337:

measures the efficiency of each university at producing leading business professionals. Its main compilation criterion is the number of

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excludes privately funded universities. However, the majority of Canada's institutions, including the best-known, are publicly funded.

1218: 934: 928: 5650: 4875: 4834: 4322: 3768: 3621: 6955: 6929: 5895: 4652: 3594: 1615: 1084: 717: 4916: 4547: 4347: 3383: 2438:); 35 public state universities (UPES), and a group of private institutions that feature within ECUM's selected classification data. 7187: 7167: 7095: 7051: 6839: 5578: 2468: 2153:

has compiled a "Table of Tables" which combines the results of the 3 national league tables. For 2017, the top 5 universities were

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places third. Brazil is the most represented nation with 97 listed universities, followed by Mexico with 63 and Colombia with 61.

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ECUM provides online access to data for 2007 and 2008 through ExECUM. Institutional data can be visualized through three options:

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Japanese preparatory school Kawaijuku also released the Japan's Top 30 University Rankings in Natural Sciences and Technology for

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contribution to society. The ranking uses 17 criteria divided into three groups: Education, Research, and University and Society.

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The top ten universities in the Arab world represent a diverse array of institutions spanning various countries. Among them are

311:. By 2023, the rankings had grown to feature 760 universities. The eligibility criteria for these rankings were anchored in the 7017: 6869: 4678: 3698: 2423: 2373: 2012:

RatER publishes annual rankings based on representation of university graduates in governmental, education and business elite.

1998: 1919: 1682: 1557: 1044: 941:. Since 2010, it has been publishing annual national and global college and university rankings for top 2000 institutions. The 798:(HEEACT). The indicators were designed to measure both long-term and short-term research performance of research universities. 683: 595: 461: 121: 5186: 3673: 3647: 2728:"How to boost the ranking of your university using self-citations? An example of the weaknesses of university ranking systems" 1784:

Some Austrian universities, including all Austrian Universities of Applied Sciences, take part in the CHE University Ranking.

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G-factor ranks university and college web presence by counting the number of links only from other university websites, using

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On the other hand, some of the ranking systems in Japan rank universities by the difficulty of their entrance exams, called "

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inaugural Best Global Universities ranking was launched on 28 October 2014, and it was based on data and metrics provided by

234: 5017: 3470: 2419: 1207: 7115: 7085: 6981: 6874: 3400: 3199: 2536: 1673: 946: 195: 6720: 6472: 6298: 5744:"CORDIS: Science and Technology Indicators: Publications: Third European Report on Science and Technology Indicators 2003" 890:

The ranking measures areas such as research output, international collaboration, normalized impact, and publication rate.

7027: 6832: 3912: 2070: 1694: 1534: 17: 6384: 6047:"Рейтинг качества приема в российские государственные вузы–2010 | Все рейтинги | Лента новостей "РИА Новости"" 2431: 7034: 6993: 6988: 6777: 6068: 5402: 2570: 2262: 1814: 1757: 1700: 2015:

Interfax annually ranks "classical" (or multi-faculty) universities and higher education institutions specialising in

7012: 6201: 3173: 3133: 3039: 2054: 1540: 1519: 1473: 1258: 1094: 868: 573: 348: 6759: 6175: 5384: 5310: 3339: 2415: 6516: 6497: 5985: 5003: 4588: 2510: 2346: 2094: 2058: 1565: 938: 876: 328: 320: 70: 5208: 5110: 2965: 1488:

Regional and national rankings are carried out in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America and Oceania.

547:

published its first rankings using its new methodology on 16 September 2010, a month earlier than previous years.

7022: 3078: 2399: 720:, Academic Influence searches and collates open-source data from such massive publicly available data sources as 430: 5921: 3159: 2612:

ranking evaluates perception and quality following surveys of approximately 1,000 employers across the country.

2240:

of information provision, including a national student survey. QAA publishes scores which have been used by the

5878: 5362: 2769: 2314: 916: 414: 7127: 5764:

The full report, containing almost 500 pages of statistics is available for download free from the EU website.

5671: 4857: 1515:

University rankings in China are ordered by different standards and made by various organizations, including:

1286:

ranking with innovative and comprehensive approaches, and not relying merely on those aforementioned aspects.

577:

rankings were disproportionately influential in establishing the status order of world research universities.

206:

ranking, while Brazil's Science Without Borders program selected international partner institutions using the

157:

activity", and "The proportion of PhD students is also to a large extent an indication of research activity".

6909: 5704: 5128: 4188: 3414: 2902: 2322: 2245: 2177: 2143: 2137: 1232: 1019:

involved creating a pool of 1,000 universities that was used to rank the top 750 schools. In comparison with

861: 688: 611: 406: 6116: 6899: 6365:"Our 16th Annual Rankings: We evaluated 47 Canadian universities, by the numbers and under the microscope." 4605: 3217: 2213: 2181: 2002: 1510: 1050: 678: 224: 6999: 6090: 5604: 2273: 340: 6227: 4985: 4967: 3751: 3433:"A new perspective on university ranking methods worldwide and in the Arab region: facts and suggestions" 3083: 1865: 1761: 980: 7140: 5775:"European Commission – Education & Training – News – Commission launches university ranking project" 4761: 4365: 2993: 2701: 2127:

There are three major rankings of universities in the United Kingdom published by commercial companies:

642:(mathematics). Harvard and Stanford have topped the ranking for years. One of the primary criticisms of 85:

surrounding the interpretation, accuracy, and usefulness of rankings. The expanding diversity in rating

4490: 2217: 1592: 1425: 811: 741: 167: 6617:

Estudio comparativo de universidades mexicanas. Segundo reporte: desempeño en investigación y docencia

5453: 1943:

A popular ranking of Polish higher education institutions is annually published by education magazine

7066: 6364: 3432: 2194: 2046: 1715:

Korean Council for University Education, established in 2009, evaluates universities in South Korea.

1580: 1428:

to place them onto a common scale. The normalized scores are then averaged to arrive at a final RPI.

884: 535:

rank the world's 800 best universities, while the 2016/17 installment will rank the world's top 980.

375: 5961: 2027:

factors such as research, teaching standards, public opinion and social and international activity.

898:

U-Multirank, a European Commission supported feasibility study, was undertaken to contribute to the

837:

institutions in the world. Currently, the last available edition of the ranking dates back to 2019.

6904: 4404: 4098: 2206: 2162: 1987: 846: 794:

The Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities was produced until 2012 by the

398: 339:

internationalisation, the 2024 edition of the rankings lists 430 institutions across 25 locations.

3361: 761:. In the United States, the CWUR evaluates and ranks over 1,300 universities and 2,000 worldwide. 2834: 2202: 2198: 2166: 1765: 1392: 1338: 1185: 250: 238: 6046: 2994:"Is measuring the knowledge creation of universities possible?: A review of university rankings" 2665: 880: 7147: 7044: 5181: 2648: 2576: 2292: 2149: 1955:

The Ad Astra association of Romanian scientists ranked Romanian universities in 2006 and 2007.

1869: 1707:, based on accreditations, academic designations and the average passing rates in board tests. 1626: 1067: 999:

also publishes region-specific and subject-specific global rankings based on this methodology.

568: 491: 261: 111: 6433: 2598: 1824:

provides rankings of undergraduate and graduate degrees of French universities in some areas.

1010:

The Best Global Universities rankings also provide insight into how U.S. universities – which

4076: 2635: 2604: 2334: 2318: 2310: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2272:, a Canadian news magazine, publishes an annual ranking of Canadian universities, called the 1884: 1828: 1367: 872: 4879: 4842: 4209: 3853: 3027: 6799: 5647: 5056:"Másteres de 14 universidades y escuelas de negocio españolas, entre los mejores del mundo" 4326: 4264: 3529:

Major Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Arab World: Quality Assurance and Relevance

2678: 2502: 2387: 2330: 2221: 2190: 2154: 1843: 1738: 1400: 1072: 510: 429:, are esteemed for their contributions to higher education and research in the Arab world. 422: 390: 367: 242: 230: 229:

The QS World University Rankings are a ranking of the world's top universities produced by

106: 62: 4442: 3598: 2427: 8: 6879: 4554: 3566: 3253: 3235: 2932: 2481:

based on factors that vary depending on the ranking. Rankings are typically conducted by

2338: 2326: 1729: 1654: 1631: 1610: 1561: 1345:. This ranking has been criticized for placing five French universities into the top 20. 907: 899: 770: 758: 324: 323:’s four-year run as Asia's number one university. NUS fell to second place while China's 37:

institutions based on various criteria, with factors differing depending on the specific

6589:

Desempeño de Universidades Mexicanas en la Función de Investigación: Estudio Comparativo

6069:"reitor.ru/ru/observatory/raitings/ - Сервис регистрации доменов и хостинга *.RU-TLD.RU" 4740: 4268: 3552: 3325: 3311: 3271: 1424:. RPI equally weighs contributions from the five faculties. The five faculty scores are 186:

However, despite the criticism, much attention is paid to global rankings, particularly

6646: 5040: 3795:"World's top 100 universities 2011: their reputations ranked by Times Higher Education" 3752:"Anchoring Effects on World University Rankings: Exploring Biases in Reputation Scores" 3732: 2743: 2186: 2037:

graduates and the consolidated turnover of companies where graduate CFOs are employed.

1543:, by Airuishen (a company) in the name of Chinese Universities Alumni Association, etc. 1342: 559: 442: 246: 5743: 4812: 2634:

Critics argue that rankings can divert universities' attention away from teaching and

2109:'s Ministry of Education and Science performs official yearly university evaluations. 1997:

RIA Novosty rankings do not align with other local and international rankings such as

1649:

by Kiyoshi Shimano. In addition to this, there's the other example of rankings using "

271:. In 2010 QS assumed sole publication of rankings produced with this methodology when 6808: 6672: 5983:

Ministry of Education and Science: Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) List

5834: 5774: 5723: 5150: 4720: 4282: 3875: 3532: 3452: 3035: 2802: 2225: 2170: 2158: 1442:

published a ranking of the Top 100 Global Universities, using selected criteria from

776: 629: 316: 5819:"University Ranking 2012/2013 for Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Austria" 2747: 1834: 833:

edition featuring top 75 institutions across the region and top 25 most innovative

198:

requires foreign partners of Indian universities to be ranked in the top 500 of the

6438: 6344: 5630: 4921: 4272: 4230: 3444: 3012: 3008: 2970: 2839: 2792: 2739: 2735: 2582: 2498: 2050: 1586: 1090: 1028: 733: 623: 382: 371: 158: 138: 130: 34: 4423: 4120: 3448: 2768:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Archived from 1630:

self-submitted data from the institutions as well as data gathered from Elsevier,

1370:

terminology, G-factor measures the centrality of each university's website in the

991:, and are thus methodologically different from the criteria traditionally used by 783: 6765: 6504: 6414: 6371: 6351: 5989: 5882: 5654: 4592: 3971: 2394:) register of quality graduate programs; and number of academic research bodies ( 1657:

and describes to which deviation value class (S1 to D3) each university belongs.

1464: 1306: 988: 965: 650: 522: 453:, are recognized for their commitment to innovation and knowledge dissemination. 303: 276: 3992: 2797: 1851: 275:

split from QS in order to create a new rankings methodology in partnership with

233:

published annually since 2004. In 2024, they ranked 1500 universities, with the

6724: 6476: 5212: 4379: 4143:"Academic Influence Ranks The Best Community Colleges, Nationally And By State" 3076: 2110: 1734: 1650: 1642: 1455: 1371: 1075:

are both British, while the Academic Ranking of World universities is Chinese.

950: 942: 745: 500: 4013: 2784: 7181: 6824: 6418: 3456: 1900: 1764:(Germany) are ranked third and fourth, behind Cambridge, and followed by the 1362: 1161:. It ranks masters and MBA in its 9 geographical regions (the 5 continents). 1155: 802: 150: 6076: 4344:"by Subject Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities" 3950: 1065:

as "the first American publisher to enter the global rankings space", given

567:

as "arguably the most influential". Research published by professors at the

5234: 4286: 3524: 3111: 2670: 2268: 2241: 2006: 1310: 1301: 1295: 834: 830: 639: 456:

Various methods of ranking universities, including QS University Rankings,

6354:. Macleans.ca, on campus. Rogers Publishing Limited. Retrieved 9 May 2009. 6205: 4362:"by Field Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities" 6179: 5314: 5070:"University of Cape Town MBA scores top honours in Africa – BusinessTech" 2653: 2386:(UNAM). ECUM provides data on institutional participation in articles on 1976: 1964: 1820: 1574: 1145: 1101: 653:

and English language science journals over other subjects. Moreover, the

635: 359: 308: 259:. From 2004 to 2009 the QS rankings were published in collaboration with 253:

taking the top 5 spots. The QS rankings should not be confused with the

146: 86: 6614: 6586: 6520: 5982: 4585: 4535: 4055: 1480:, and the Shanghai Ranking Consultancy in order to compile its results. 1416:. The project uses standard bibliometric indicators, namely the 10-year 6022: 4300: 3055: 2927:"University rankings: which world university rankings should we trust?" 2494: 2016: 1451: 1406: 1151: 618:

does not rely on surveys and school submissions. Among other criteria,

142: 134: 55: 5530: 5147:"International Professional Rankings of Higher Education Institutions" 441:, are also notable for their rigorous academic programs. In addition, 6778:"Las Mejores Universidades de Chile - Ránking 2010 - AméricaEconomía" 5818: 4512: 3929: 2486: 1986:

RIA Novosty / Forbes rankings are conducted under the supervision of

1745: 1598: 937:, abbreviated as URAP, was developed in the Informatics Institute of 721: 446: 366:

topped the table, climbing from third place in the previous edition.

47: 5896:"Le classement de Shanghai 2023 valorise les universités françaises" 5875: 4609: 4277: 4252: 4251:

van Raan, Ton; van Leeuwen, Thed; Visser, Martijn (6 January 2011).

3713:"THE Alma Mater Index 2017: who educates the global business elite?" 3471:"A World of Difference: A Global Survey of University League Tables" 3107:"World university rankings: how much influence do they really have?" 1793:

career development opportunities, prestige, and material resources.

1174: 699:) with universities excluded if they do not have a distinct rank in 279:. The QS rankings were previously published in the United States by 5958:"Macedonian HEIs Ranking by Academic Ranking of World Universities" 5675: 4701:"U-Multirank: The start of multi-dimensional international ranking" 3077:

Robert Morse, Alexis Krivian and Andrew Jackwin (24 October 2016).

2783:

Heller, Richard Frederick (2022), Heller, Richard Frederick (ed.),

2762:"Rankings and Accountability in Higher Education: Uses and Misuses" 2506: 2482: 1972: 1678: 1438: 903: 729: 725: 476: 66: 43: 6141: 5796: 4788:"Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Informatics" 3431:

Altakhaineh, Abdel Rahman Mitib; Zibin, Aseel (2 September 2021).

817: 6721:"National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation" 6299:"THE 'Table of Tables' 2017: Loughborough catching up with elite" 6120: 5088: 4323:"Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities" 4034: 2514: 2490: 2391: 2367: 2106: 1842:", and of universities' undergraduate degrees in some areas. The 1472:, Webometrics world college rankings from public-research outlet 1421: 1417: 1396: 438: 418: 74: 51: 38: 6273:"University of Cambridge tops 'Table of Tables' for fourth year" 4858:"U.S. News Releases Inaugural Best Global Universities Rankings" 3079:"How U.S. News Calculated the Best Global Universities Rankings" 1935:

Most Dutch universities take part in the CHE UniversityRanking.

959: 6895:

Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities

6094: 5579:"LUMS, NUST and Aga Khan dominate HEC University Rankings 2013" 4936: 4303:. Universiteit Leiden Centre for Science and Technology Studies 2298:

A notable difference between rankings in the United States and

1968: 1872:, a comprehensive ranking of German and Austrian universities. 1749: 1413: 1359: 955: 796:

Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan

790:

Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities

784:

Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities

450: 434: 410: 402: 394: 292: 93: 6934: 6231: 5816: 5812: 5810: 966:

U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Rankings

413:

are prominent fixtures in the region's educational landscape.

5428: 4765: 4631: 4014:"ARTU Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities Country Analysis" 1802: 1477: 1316: 1089:

The Webometrics Ranking of World Universities is produced by

922: 426: 6001: 4461:"Thomson Reuters Powers World's Leading University Rankings" 3895: 2630:

Criticism of college and university rankings (North America)

1272:

measure the performance of top 300 universities' graduates.

172:, use a mix of size-dependent and size-independent metrics. 6925:

U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking

6890:

Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities

6564: 6542: 6459: 6452: 5807: 5129:"Nature Index 2017 Innovation - Supplements - Nature Index" 4586:

SIR World Report 2010. Research Institution Ranking (Press)

3844: 3842: 3622:"World University Rankings 2016-2017 launch date announced" 3500:"Another Arab University Ranking is Out. But Is It Needed?" 2789:

The Distributed University for Sustainable Higher Education

2680:

Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good?

2411: 1846:

also uses the Shanghai ranking as its national ranking for

1324:

Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities

1278: 906:

on 13 May 2011, the U-Multirank was officially launched by

386: 6738: 6154: 4443:"The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions – 2017" 1699:

Academic rankings in the Philippines are conducted by the

1634:, Nikkei Human Resources, the Japanese government and the 525:

to provide a new set of world university rankings, called

437:, and King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals in 5922:"Classifica Migliori Facoltà Universitarie – Censis 2010" 5631:

Xavier University Cagayan beats UP in State Tests Average

5343:. The Newsweek/Daily Beast Company LLC. 14 September 2011 4953:

Presentation of the Eduniversal Company on a TV program,

4787: 4581: 4250: 3972:"ARTU Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities Full Results" 3951:"ARTU Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities Introduction" 3674:"THE World Rankings set for release on 16 September" 2521:

about rankings' interpretation, accuracy, and usefulness.

2034: 589: 4338: 4336: 3993:"ARTU Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities Methodology" 3839: 3384:"Latin America and Caribbean Region Ranking Methodology" 3032:

Global University Rankings and the Politics of Knowledge

2547: 2071:

Confederation of Swedish Enterprise (Svenskt Näringsliv)

1108:

and is typically overlooked by bibliometric indicators.

666: 5960:. Shanghairanking.com. 16 February 2012. Archived from 5797:"ResearchRanking.org: European Research Ranking - home" 5018:"UWI business programmes among top 20 in Latin America" 3725: 3034:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 3–21. 2898:"New world university ranking puts Harvard back on top" 2726:

Mussard, Maxime; James, Alex Pappachen (26 July 2017).

1459: 945:

measurement of URAP is based on data obtained from the

751: 543:

broad overall indicators to produce the final ranking.

6246: 5854: 4698: 3648:"THE unveils broad, rigorous new rankings methodology" 2579:

website (in Portuguese), was created by the newspaper

2005:

which take into account inherited reputation from the

283:

as the "World's Best Universities". However, in 2014,

6255:"University guide 2012: download the Guardian tables" 6220: 5994: 4917:"'U.S. News' to Issue New Global University Rankings" 4333: 4006: 3665: 2872:"International university rankings: For good or ill?" 1164: 336:

QS Latin American & Caribbean University Rankings

7062:

Going broke universities – Disappearing universities

6460:

Dirección General de Evaluación Institucional (DGEI)

5083: 5081: 5079: 4489:. IREG Observatory. 4 September 2015. Archived from 4168:"The elite historically black colleges universities" 3898:"Business School Prestige: Research versus Teaching" 3527:; Baydoun, Elias; Hillman, John R. (25 March 2019). 3523: 3289: 2992:

Olcay, Gokcen Arkali; Bulu, Melih (1 October 2017).

2475:

College and university rankings in the United States

2463:

College and university rankings in the United States

2295:

have expressed displeasure over the ranking system.

1963:

Several bodies rank Russian universities, including

1744:

In this ranking, the EU's top two universities were

1647:

Going broke universities - Disappearing universities

1407:

High Impact Universities: Research Performance Index

6801:

Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good?

4968:"FRANCE: Global list of business schools published" 2702:"Rankings create 'perverse incentives' – Hazelkorn" 1537:, the higher education internet information company 1024:better reference than National University Ranking. 506:

Times Higher Education–QS World University Rankings

268:

Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings

4463:. Thomson Reuters. 4 December 2012. Archived from 3174:"20th edition of the QS World University Rankings" 2925: 824:Reuters - The World's Most Innovative Universities 6385:"Maclean's releases its 20th university rankings" 6168: 6015: 5170: 5168: 5076: 3581:"QS World University Ranking Subject Methodology" 2869: 2832: 2049:include the "50 carreras" (50 degrees) from the " 1483: 775:The Centre for Science and Technology Studies at 7179: 6915:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 6253:Shepherd, Jessica; Rogers, Simon (17 May 2011). 5605:"HEC releases Pakistan's top universities lists" 5313:. www.highimpactuniversities.com. Archived from 3430: 2580: 1627:The Times Higher Education Supplement (The Thes) 1115: 1039:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 855: 581:Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings 565:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 533:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 528:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 484:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 477:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 458:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 364:King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 256:Times Higher Education World University Rankings 6565:"Dirección General de Evaluación Institucional" 6407:"Universities continue to shun Maclean's ranks" 6144:- study by Confederation of Swedish Enterprise. 6119:. Finansmag.ru. 31 October 2010. Archived from 5421: 5284:. globaluniversitiesranking.org. Archived from 5258:. globaluniversitiesranking.org. Archived from 4121:"Methodology: How and Why We Rank by Influence" 3728:"Canada's universities make the grade globally" 3726:Simon Beck; Adrian Morrow (16 September 2010). 3426: 3424: 3104: 2895: 2378:Mexican institutions have been compared in the 2085:Lugano take part in the CHE UniversityRanking. 1474:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 1150:This university ranking is owned by the French 818:Reuters World's Top 100 Innovative Universities 218: 213: 6884: 6854: 6671:. Australian Education Network. Archived from 6454:Estudio Comparativo de Universidades Mexicanas 6296: 6252: 6176:"Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine" 5165: 4679:"The European Commission launches U-Multirank" 4099:"The 100 Best Universities in the World Today" 2923: 2426:, Universidad del Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea, 2380:Estudio Comparativo de Universidades Mexicanas 2368:Estudio Comparativo de Universidades Mexicanas 2123:Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom 6840: 6422:. CanWest News Service. Retrieved 9 May 2009. 5480:"Japan University Rankings 2022: methodology" 4876:"Best Global Universities Ranking by US News" 4405:"Top 100 Innovative Universities Methodology" 2791:, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 5–37, 2233:Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education 1992:State University – Higher School of Economics 1335:École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris 912:Commissioner for Higher Education and Culture 649:methodology is that it is biased towards the 622:includes the number of articles published by 6695:"QS University Rankings: Latin America 2016" 6431: 6228:"University Ranking by Kyiv Student Council" 6155:"University Ranking by Academic Performance" 5839:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5004:"Southeast Asia – the emerging business hub" 4937:"Eduniversal Best Masters ranking worldwide" 4762:"University Ranking by Academic Performance" 4210:"CWUR World University Rankings Methodology" 3930:"ARTU Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities" 3922: 3821:"World Reputation Rankings 2016 methodology" 3421: 2725: 2669: This article incorporates text from a 2237:Higher Education Funding Council for England 1898: 1377: 7111:Center for Measuring University Performance 6041: 6039: 6023:"Ad Astra ranking of Romanian universities" 5089:"World Top 300 Universities Alumni Ranking" 4957:on a French Channel, France 2–26 June 2008. 4911: 4909: 4907: 4725:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3001:Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2363:Academic rankings of universities in Mexico 887:and other education institutions in Spain. 840: 555:100 Under 50 ranking and Alma Mater Index. 6920:University Ranking by Academic Performance 6847: 6833: 6701:. QS Quacquarelli Symonds. 5 November 2015 5623: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2436:Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1331:Professional Ranking of World Universities 1317:Professional Ranking of World Universities 935:University Ranking by Academic Performance 929:University Ranking by Academic Performance 923:University Ranking by Academic Performance 814:since 2012 and also known as NTU Ranking. 374:placed third. The previous year's leader, 6930:Webometrics Ranking of World Universities 6117:""Финанс." Лучшие финансовые вузы России" 5672:"Korean Council for University Education" 4653:"U-Multirank launched by EU commissioner" 4276: 3553:"QS World University Rankings by Subject" 2991: 2963: 2796: 1259:Learn how and when to remove this message 1085:Webometrics Ranking of World Universities 718:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 449:, and King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in 6036: 5640: 4904: 4894:"National University Ranking by US News" 4097:Carlton, Genevieve (17 September 2021). 3619: 2673:work. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 ( 2469:Law school rankings in the United States 1741:, rather than its constituent colleges. 1554:National Institutional Ranking Framework 661: 345:Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 319:, the new regional leader, breaking the 119:) and Shanghai Ranking Consultancy (the 27:Ranking of higher education institutions 7090: 6645:. Hobsons Course Finder. Archived from 6543:"Explorador de datos del ECUM (ExECUM)" 6194: 5305: 5303: 5211:. Universitymetrics.com. Archived from 4754: 4140: 4096: 3896:J. Scott Armstrong; Tad Sperry (1994). 3497: 3362:"QS Latin American University Rankings" 2952: 2821: 2686: 2384:Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 14: 7180: 6870:Academic Ranking of World Universities 5728:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4577: 4575: 4253:"Non-English papers decrease rankings" 4077:"A New Philosophy of Academic Ranking" 3792: 2870:Bahram Bekhradnia (15 December 2016). 2865: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2833:Philip G. Altbach (11 November 2010). 2782: 2374:Mexican Universities Comparative Study 1999:Academic Ranking of World Universities 1920:Academic Ranking of World Universities 1838:" and their preparatory schools, the " 1685:annually ranks domestic universities. 1558:Ministry of Human Resource Development 1436:In August 2006, the American magazine 1329:In contrast to academic rankings, the 1195:Please improve this section by adding 1045:Academic Ranking of World Universities 604:Academic Ranking of World Universities 597:Academic Ranking of World Universities 590:Academic Ranking of World Universities 462:Academic Ranking of World Universities 122:Academic Ranking of World Universities 6935:World's Universities with Real Impact 6828: 6687: 6432:Samarasekera, Indira (2 April 2007). 5855:"Bulgarian University Ranking System" 4440: 4424:"Asia's Most Innovative Universities" 4421: 3852:. ShanghaiRanking.com. Archived from 3769:"World University Rankings 2012-2013" 3395: 3393: 3364:. Top Universities. 13 September 2023 3105:Grete Luxbacher (10 September 2013). 3025: 3019: 2896:Ariel Zirulnick (16 September 2010). 2785:"The Problem with Universities Today" 2548:QS University Rankings: Latin America 2539:annually rank domestic universities. 1958: 1530:Chinese Academy of Management Science 1470:Times Higher Education World Rankings 1122:The_Three_University_Missions_Ranking 710: 667:Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities 235:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 7116:Faculty Scholarly Productivity Index 6982:Excellence in Research for Australia 6875:Center for World University Rankings 6387:. Vancouversun.com. 10 November 2010 5924:. Universando.com. 19 September 2010 5817:ZEIT ONLINE GmbH, Hamburg, Germany. 5300: 5174: 4536:http://doi.org/10.1201/9781315155890 4380:"National Taiwan University Ranking" 4141:Nietzel, Michael T. (7 March 2021). 3699:"100 Under 50 Rankings 2015 results" 2966:"University Rankings in Perspective" 2940:from the original on 12 January 2022 2699: 2537:Excellence in Research for Australia 2093:The URAP Research Laboratory of the 1674:Rankings of universities in Pakistan 1645:". One example of such a ranking is 1168: 1134: 947:Institute for Scientific Information 752:Center for World University Rankings 571:in 2011 demonstrated that the early 355:QS Arab Region Universities Rankings 6792: 6519:. Promep.sep.gob.mx. Archived from 5746:. Cordis.europa.eu. 16 January 2007 5385:"QS University Rankings: Asia 2016" 5036:"IIM-B tops in Eduniversal ranking" 4572: 4231:"CWUR Subject Rankings Methodology" 3340:"QS Asian University Rankings 2023" 3200:"QS Rankings Global Advisory Board" 2877:. Higher Education Policy Institute 2854: 1971:, independent rating agency RatER, 1695:Higher education in the Philippines 1468:, and currently uses data from the 1348: 162:journals. Some rankings, including 24: 6374:Macleans.ca. Retrieved 9 May 2009. 6297:Chris Havergal (12 October 2016). 6093:. Univer-rating.ru. Archived from 5659:UP Newsletter, Vol. XXVIII, No. 09 4855: 3620:Bothwell, Ellie (17 August 2016). 3597:. Top Universities. Archived from 3390: 2571:Rankings of universities in Brazil 2420:Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana 2333:, jointly refused to participate. 2263:Rankings of universities in Canada 1912: 1815:Rankings of universities in France 1701:Professional Regulation Commission 1522:, by Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1165:Human Resources & Labor Review 503:publication, published the annual 347:which comes second while Brazil's 100: 25: 7199: 6202:"200 Best Ukrainian Universities" 5674:. Eval.kcue.or.kr. Archived from 5149:. Mines ParisTech. Archived from 4606:"Members. SCImago Research Group" 3415:"Arab Region Ranking Methodology" 2924:Andrew Marszal (4 October 2012). 2577:Ranking Universitário Folha (RUF) 2116: 1733:It only explicitly considers the 1723: 1208:"College and university rankings" 1095:Spanish National Research Council 869:Spanish National Research Council 764: 349:Universidade Estadual de Campinas 7162: 7161: 6770: 6753: 6731: 6713: 6669:"Australian University Rankings" 6661: 6635: 6607: 6579: 6557: 6535: 6509: 6491: 6475:. Conacyt.gob.mx. Archived from 6465: 6446: 6425: 6405:Schmidt, S. (2 September 2006). 6399: 6377: 6357: 6334: 6309: 6290: 6265: 6147: 6135: 6109: 6083: 6061: 5976: 5950: 5936: 5914: 5888: 5869: 5847: 5789: 5777:. Ec.europa.eu. 11 December 2008 5767: 5758: 5736: 5690: 5664: 5597: 5571: 5545: 5523: 5498: 5472: 5454:"Japan University Rankings 2022" 5446: 5395: 5377: 5355: 5329: 5311:"www.highimpactuniversities.com" 5274: 5248: 5227: 5201: 5139: 5121: 5103: 5062: 5048: 5028: 5010: 4996: 3671: 3645: 3272:"International Research Network" 2664: 2542: 2535:The Good Universities Guide and 2456: 2432:Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo 2251: 2095:Middle East Technical University 1832:occasionally offer rankings of " 1566:institutions of higher education 1173: 939:Middle East Technical University 877:Charles III University of Madrid 329:Nanyang Technological University 321:National University of Singapore 7188:University and college rankings 5635:Philippine Headline News Online 5282:"globaluniversitiesranking.org" 5256:"globaluniversitiesranking.org" 5177:"THE World University Rankings" 4978: 4960: 4947: 4929: 4886: 4868: 4849: 4827: 4801: 4780: 4733: 4692: 4671: 4645: 4624: 4598: 4540: 4527: 4513:"SCImago Institutions Rankings" 4505: 4479: 4453: 4434: 4422:Ewalt, David (30 August 2016). 4415: 4397: 4372: 4354: 4315: 4293: 4244: 4223: 4202: 4181: 4160: 4134: 4113: 4090: 4069: 4048: 4027: 3985: 3964: 3943: 3889: 3868: 3850:"ARWU Ranking 2011 Methodology" 3813: 3786: 3761: 3744: 3719: 3705: 3691: 3639: 3613: 3587: 3573: 3559: 3545: 3517: 3498:Mohareb, Esraa (12 June 2015). 3491: 3463: 3407: 3376: 3354: 3332: 3318: 3304: 3282: 3264: 3246: 3228: 3210: 3192: 3166: 3152: 3126: 3098: 3070: 3048: 2985: 2424:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional 2400:Secretariat of Public Education 1528:, published in the name of the 1289: 748:co-founded Academic Influence. 447:Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 431:United Arab Emirates University 31:College and university rankings 6780:. Rankings.americaeconomia.com 6458:ECUM has been produced by the 6230:(in Ukrainian). Archived from 6204:(in Ukrainian). Archived from 6178:(in Ukrainian). Archived from 5885:- study by CEPOS (Copenhagen). 5648:UP is no. 1 based on PRC exams 5531:"30 Top Japanese Universities" 5363:"QS Asian University Rankings" 5175:Baty, Phil (4 February 2010). 4986:"World's top business schools" 4189:"Ranking university influence" 3595:"QS World University Rankings" 3134:"QS World University Rankings" 3013:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.03.029 2917: 2889: 2776: 2754: 2740:10.6084/m9.figshare.5245867.v1 2719: 2693: 2479:U.S. colleges and universities 2416:Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2315:University of British Columbia 2076: 1930: 1710: 1705:Commission on Higher Education 1688: 1664:'s GLOBAL 30 Project in 2001. 1484:Regional and national rankings 1139: 1078: 975:Best Global University Ranking 893: 415:American University of Sharjah 13: 1: 6910:SCImago Institutions Rankings 5235:"China Universities Rankings" 4441:Ewalt, David (1 March 2017). 3449:10.1080/13538322.2021.1937819 2964:Qiang Zha (4 December 2016). 2903:The Christian Science Monitor 2274:Maclean's University Rankings 2246:Teaching Excellence Framework 2214:Research Assessment Exercises 2178:Research Excellence Framework 2144:The Guardian University Guide 2138:The Complete University Guide 1197:secondary or tertiary sources 1116:The Three University Missions 862:SCImago Institutions Rankings 856:SCImago Institutions Rankings 612:Shanghai Jiao Tong University 610:) compiled originally by the 531:. The 2015/16 edition of the 419:Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 407:American University of Beirut 7134:U.S. News & World Report 7039: 6900:QS World University Rankings 6807:. UNESCO. 2015. p. 54. 6434:"Rising Up Against Rankings" 5821:(in German). Ranking.zeit.de 5555:. Hec.gov.pk. Archived from 5337:"Best International Schools" 4862:U.S. News & World Report 4839:U.S. News & World Report 4699:Brainlane - SiteLab CMS v2. 4608:. Scimago.es. Archived from 3793:Sedghi, Ami (9 March 2011). 3084:U.S. News & World Report 3030:. In Stack, Michelle (ed.). 2675:license statement/permission 2623: 2556: 2530: 2182:Research Assessment Exercise 2003:QS World University Rankings 1638:Academic Reputation Survey. 1568:in India. Magazines such as 1511:University rankings in China 1051:QS World University Rankings 981:U.S. News & World Report 973:U.S. News & World Report 435:Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 299:QS Asian University Rankings 285:U.S. News & World Report 281:U.S. News & World Report 225:QS World University Rankings 219:QS World University Rankings 214:Major international rankings 196:University Grants Commission 175:Some compilers, notably QS, 169:U.S. News & World Report 7: 7078: 6363:Dwyer, M. (November 2006). 6049:. Rian.ru. 28 February 2011 5433:Youth Incorporated Magazine 4990:www.universityworldnews.com 4972:www.universityworldnews.com 3567:"QS Subject Categorisation" 3437:Quality in Higher Education 3160:"World's Best Universities" 2835:"The State of the Rankings" 2798:10.1007/978-981-16-6506-6_2 2642: 2382:(ECUM) produced within the 2302:rankings, however, is that 2057:or the IAIF ranking of the 1866:Centre for Higher Education 1801:In Denmark, the think-tank 1787: 1762:Technical University Munich 1683:Higher Education Commission 1667: 1618:for the major disciplines. 1570:Youth Incorporated Magazine 1431: 1353: 1333:established in 2007 by the 313:United Nations M49 Standard 10: 7204: 7056: 7007: 6856:University ranking systems 5403:"Asia University Rankings" 5391:. QS Quacquarelli Symonds. 4835:"Best Global Universities" 3911:(2): 13–43. Archived from 2659: 2627: 2568: 2525: 2466: 2460: 2371: 2360: 2260: 2218:London School of Economics 2120: 2101: 1979:) and the Russian journal 1950: 1897:Every year, the newspaper 1878: 1859: 1812: 1796: 1779: 1752:, as in the Jiao Tong and 1692: 1671: 1653:", GTZ. It is released by 1508: 1341:(or equivalent) among the 1320: 1293: 1143: 1119: 1082: 969: 926: 859: 844: 821: 812:National Taiwan University 787: 768: 593: 480: 222: 7159: 7067:Truly Strong Universities 6969: 6943: 6885:Global University Ranking 6862: 5553:"Ranking of Universities" 4487:"New Ranking from Russia" 3736:. Toronto. Archived from 3180:. QS Quacquarelli Symonds 3140:. QS Quacquarelli Symonds 2683:, 54, UNESCO. UNESCO. 2564: 2356: 2256: 2195:University College London 2180:was the successor to the 2088: 2064: 1938: 1808: 1718: 1395:in fifth place, ahead of 1378:Global University Ranking 1282:and many other rankings. 917:European higher education 885:University of Extremadura 521:broke with QS and joined 376:King Abdulaziz University 343:tops the table, usurping 341:Universidade de São Paulo 6905:Round University Ranking 5506:"【魚拓】高3生講座紹介｜お茶の水ゼミナール" 3905:Energy & Environment 3326:"faculty/student ratios" 3026:Stack, Michelle (2021). 2590: 2575:The latest ranking, the 2207:University of Manchester 2163:University of St Andrews 2040: 2019:. Interfax' methodology 1988:Public Chamber of Russia 1905:, in collaboration with 1892: 1868:(CHE) has published the 1621: 1547: 1504: 1374:of university websites. 1339:Chief Executive Officers 847:Round University Ranking 841:Round University Ranking 399:Sultan Qaboos University 5988:17 January 2013 at the 5801:www.researchranking.org 5653:7 February 2012 at the 5209:"What is the G-Factor?" 4548:"SIR World Report 2010" 3276:QS Quacquarelli Symonds 3258:QS Quacquarelli Symonds 3240:QS Quacquarelli Symonds 3222:QS Quacquarelli Symonds 3204:QS Quacquarelli Symonds 2517:success. There is also 2203:University of Edinburgh 2199:University of Cambridge 2167:Imperial College London 2135:Good University Guide, 1766:University of Edinburgh 1491: 1393:Moscow State University 1061:Morse pointed out that 251:University of Cambridge 239:Imperial College London 6413:22 August 2012 at the 6303:Times Higher Education 6277:Times Higher Education 5484:Times Higher Education 5458:Times Higher Education 5407:Times Higher Education 5182:Times Higher Education 4657:Times Higher Education 4582:SCImago Research Group 3825:Times Higher Education 3773:Times Higher Education 3678:Times Higher Education 3652:Times Higher Education 3626:Times Higher Education 3312:"Citation per Faculty" 2649:MBA Programme rankings 2581: 2402:(SEP) program PROMEP. 2347:Freedom of Information 2293:University of Manitoba 2150:Times Higher Education 2045:National rankings for 1899: 1870:CHE University Ranking 1760:(Netherlands) and the 1636:Times Higher Education 1448:Times Higher Education 1184:relies excessively on 1093:(CCHS), a unit of the 1068:Times Higher Education 801:This project employed 687:. ARTU is produced by 569:University of Michigan 563:in 2010 described the 540:Times Higher Education 492:Times Higher Education 273:Times Higher Education 265:and were known as the 262:Times Higher Education 137:, the tri-state area ( 112:Times Higher Education 7148:What Will They Learn? 6503:22 April 2012 at the 6350:29 April 2009 at the 3401:"Arab Region Ranking" 3254:"Employment Outcomes" 2706:University World News 2700:Marklein, Mary Beth. 2636:social responsibility 2335:University of Alberta 2319:University of Alberta 2311:University of Toronto 2289:University of Toronto 2285:University of Alberta 2281:University of Calgary 1975:(in cooperation with 1829:Le Nouvel Observateur 1368:social network theory 873:University of Granada 662:Other global rankings 468:QS Ranking by Subject 439:Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 7128:The Princeton Review 6764:29 July 2011 at the 6517:"Cuerpos Académicos" 6345:2009 Student Surveys 6182:on 30 September 2007 5881:27 June 2013 at the 5317:on 13 September 2010 5117:. 29 September 2023. 5111:"Institution tables" 4941:www.best-masters.com 4809:"URAP World Ranking" 4350:on 28 December 2012. 4035:"Academic Influence" 3740:on 13 February 2011. 3478:higheredstrategy.com 2772:on 17 November 2016. 2687:Notes and references 2388:ISI Web of Knowledge 2331:Dalhousie University 2323:Concordia University 2244:industry. The first 2222:Cambridge University 2191:University of Oxford 2155:Cambridge University 2047:Spanish universities 1990:in cooperation with 1739:University of London 1556:is initiated by the 881:University of Alcalá 511:Quacquarelli Symonds 509:in association with 451:Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 423:University of Jordan 395:Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 391:King Saud University 368:King Saud University 307:newspaper, based in 243:University of Oxford 231:Quacquarelli Symonds 107:Quacquarelli Symonds 6880:CWTS Leiden Ranking 6370:23 May 2012 at the 6234:on 11 February 2009 5661:. 1 September 2007. 5609:The Express Tribune 5583:The Express Tribune 5215:on 18 February 2009 5133:www.natureindex.com 4815:on 14 December 2018 4768:on 2 September 2011 4591:5 June 2010 at the 4560:on 21 November 2010 4329:on 10 January 2010. 4269:2011Natur.469...34V 3555:. Top Universities. 3417:. Top Universities. 3403:. Top Universities. 3386:. Top Universities. 2933:The Daily Telegraph 2677:). Text taken from 2398:) according to the 2345:initially filed a " 2339:Indira Samarasekera 2327:McMaster University 1848:French universities 1730:European Commission 1655:Benesse Corporation 1632:Benesse Corporation 1611:Electronics For You 1562:Government of India 908:Androulla Vassiliou 900:European Commission 771:CWTS Leiden Ranking 759:Clarivate Analytics 325:Tsinghua University 18:University rankings 7141:Washington Monthly 6091:"Univer-rating.ru" 5964:on 25 October 2013 5876:Universitetslisten 5710:on 7 November 2017 5629:Vanzi, Sol Jose. " 5611:. 23 February 2012 5365:. Top Universities 5153:on 22 January 2009 5091:. Asia First Media 5041:The Times of India 5024:. 5 February 2016. 4384:nturanking.csti.tw 4101:. The Best Schools 3856:on 11 January 2021 3733:The Globe and Mail 3715:. 19 January 2017. 2396:cuerpos academicos 2187:Research Fortnight 1959:Russian Federation 1343:Fortune Global 500 711:Academic Influence 634:and the number of 560:The Globe and Mail 551:also kick-started 489:From 2004 to 2009 443:Khalifa University 370:came second while 247:Harvard University 83:significant debate 81:However, there is 7175: 7174: 6814:978-92-3-100088-1 6123:on 8 January 2014 5559:on 12 August 2010 5058:. 8 January 2016. 3538:978-3-030-03774-1 3342:. Topuniversities 3056:"SIR Methodology" 2808:978-981-16-6506-6 2428:Colegio de México 2226:Oxford University 2173:in joint fourth. 2171:Durham University 2159:Oxford University 2053:" newspaper, the 1844:French government 1269: 1268: 1261: 1243: 1135:Specific rankings 777:Leiden University 358:countries of the 317:Peking University 210:and QS rankings. 16:(Redirected from 7195: 7165: 7164: 6849: 6842: 6835: 6826: 6825: 6819: 6818: 6806: 6796: 6790: 6789: 6787: 6785: 6774: 6768: 6757: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6735: 6729: 6728: 6723:. 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Archived from 5172: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5143: 5137: 5136: 5125: 5119: 5118: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5085: 5074: 5073: 5066: 5060: 5059: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5022:Jamaica Observer 5014: 5008: 5007: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4964: 4958: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4933: 4927: 4926: 4922:Inside Higher Ed 4913: 4902: 4901: 4896:. Archived from 4890: 4884: 4883: 4878:. Archived from 4872: 4866: 4865: 4853: 4847: 4846: 4841:. Archived from 4831: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4811:. Archived from 4805: 4799: 4798: 4796: 4794: 4784: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4764:. Archived from 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4737: 4731: 4730: 4724: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4703:. Archived from 4696: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4675: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4638: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4602: 4596: 4579: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4559: 4553:. Archived from 4552: 4544: 4538: 4531: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4438: 4432: 4431: 4419: 4413: 4412: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4368:on 20 July 2012. 4364:. Archived from 4358: 4352: 4351: 4346:. Archived from 4340: 4331: 4330: 4325:. Archived from 4319: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4301:"Leiden Ranking" 4297: 4291: 4290: 4280: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4206: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4164: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4138: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4117: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4094: 4088: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4056:"Search Schools" 4052: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4031: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4010: 4004: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3989: 3983: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3918:on 20 June 2010. 3917: 3902: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3846: 3837: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3817: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3790: 3784: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3765: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3723: 3717: 3716: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3701:. 30 April 2015. 3695: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3669: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3643: 3637: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3617: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3577: 3571: 3570: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3549: 3543: 3542: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3475: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3428: 3419: 3418: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3397: 3388: 3387: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3236:"Sustainability" 3232: 3226: 3225: 3218:"QS Methodology" 3214: 3208: 3207: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3178:Top Universities 3170: 3164: 3163: 3156: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3138:Top Universities 3130: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3102: 3096: 3095: 3093: 3091: 3074: 3068: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3023: 3017: 3016: 2998: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2971:Inside Higher Ed 2961: 2950: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2929: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2876: 2867: 2852: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2840:Inside Higher Ed 2830: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2800: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2697: 2668: 2618: 2614:América Economía 2605:América Economía 2586: 2583:Folha de S.Paulo 2505:, excellence in 1904: 1885:The Sunday Times 1864:Since 1998, the 1349:Defunct rankings 1264: 1257: 1253: 1250: 1244: 1242: 1201: 1177: 1169: 1091:Cybermetrics Lab 1029:Inside Higher Ed 986: 954:universities in 734:Semantic Scholar 651:natural sciences 648: 640:Fields Medalists 538:On 3 June 2010, 383:Qatar University 372:Qatar University 159:Inside Higher Ed 131:southern England 65:, excellence in 58:, or academics. 35:higher education 21: 7203: 7202: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7192: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7155: 6965: 6961:South East Asia 6939: 6858: 6853: 6823: 6822: 6815: 6804: 6798: 6797: 6793: 6783: 6781: 6776: 6775: 6771: 6766:Wayback Machine 6758: 6754: 6744: 6742: 6737: 6736: 6732: 6727:on 2 July 2007. 6719: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6678: 6676: 6675:on 8 April 2015 6667: 6666: 6662: 6652: 6650: 6649:on 9 April 2013 6641: 6640: 6636: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6613: 6612: 6608: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6585: 6584: 6580: 6570: 6568: 6563: 6562: 6558: 6548: 6546: 6541: 6540: 6536: 6526: 6524: 6523:on 25 June 2012 6515: 6514: 6510: 6505:Wayback Machine 6496: 6492: 6482: 6480: 6471: 6470: 6466: 6451: 6447: 6430: 6426: 6415:Wayback Machine 6404: 6400: 6390: 6388: 6383: 6382: 6378: 6372:Wayback Machine 6362: 6358: 6352:Wayback Machine 6339: 6335: 6325: 6323: 6315: 6314: 6310: 6295: 6291: 6281: 6279: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6251: 6247: 6237: 6235: 6226: 6225: 6221: 6211: 6209: 6208:on 22 June 2007 6200: 6199: 6195: 6185: 6183: 6174: 6173: 6169: 6159: 6157: 6153: 6152: 6148: 6140: 6136: 6126: 6124: 6115: 6114: 6110: 6100: 6098: 6097:on 11 June 2012 6089: 6088: 6084: 6067: 6066: 6062: 6052: 6050: 6045: 6044: 6037: 6027: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6016: 6006: 6004: 6000: 5999: 5995: 5990:Wayback Machine 5981: 5977: 5967: 5965: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5942: 5941: 5937: 5927: 5925: 5920: 5919: 5915: 5905: 5903: 5894: 5893: 5889: 5883:Wayback Machine 5874: 5870: 5860: 5858: 5853: 5852: 5848: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5795: 5794: 5790: 5780: 5778: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5763: 5759: 5749: 5747: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5721: 5720: 5713: 5711: 5707: 5700: 5698:"Archived copy" 5696: 5695: 5691: 5681: 5679: 5670: 5669: 5665: 5655:Wayback Machine 5645: 5641: 5637:.29 March 2000. 5628: 5624: 5614: 5612: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5577: 5576: 5572: 5562: 5560: 5551: 5550: 5546: 5536: 5534: 5533:. Nigelward.com 5529: 5528: 5524: 5514: 5512: 5504: 5503: 5499: 5489: 5487: 5486:. 17 March 2022 5478: 5477: 5473: 5463: 5461: 5460:. 16 March 2022 5452: 5451: 5447: 5437: 5435: 5427: 5426: 5422: 5412: 5410: 5401: 5400: 5396: 5383: 5382: 5378: 5368: 5366: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5335: 5334: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5309: 5308: 5301: 5291: 5289: 5280: 5279: 5275: 5265: 5263: 5254: 5253: 5249: 5239: 5237: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5218: 5216: 5207: 5206: 5202: 5192: 5190: 5173: 5166: 5156: 5154: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5127: 5126: 5122: 5109: 5108: 5104: 5094: 5092: 5087: 5086: 5077: 5068: 5067: 5063: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5034: 5033: 5029: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5006:. 16 June 2015. 5002: 5001: 4997: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4952: 4948: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4915: 4914: 4905: 4900:on 21 May 2011. 4892: 4891: 4887: 4874: 4873: 4869: 4856:Haynie, Devon. 4854: 4850: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4818: 4816: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4792: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4760: 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4734: 4718: 4717: 4710: 4708: 4707:on 7 April 2015 4697: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4676: 4672: 4662: 4660: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4636: 4634: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4615: 4613: 4612:on 20 June 2012 4604: 4603: 4599: 4593:Wayback Machine 4580: 4573: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4546: 4545: 4541: 4532: 4528: 4518: 4516: 4515:. Scimagoir.com 4511: 4510: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4493:on 29 June 2017 4485: 4484: 4480: 4470: 4468: 4467:on 1 March 2016 4459: 4458: 4454: 4439: 4435: 4420: 4416: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4388: 4386: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4360: 4359: 4355: 4342: 4341: 4334: 4321: 4320: 4316: 4306: 4304: 4299: 4298: 4294: 4278:10.1038/469034a 4249: 4245: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4228: 4224: 4214: 4212: 4208: 4207: 4203: 4193: 4191: 4187: 4186: 4182: 4172: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4139: 4135: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4114: 4104: 4102: 4095: 4091: 4081: 4079: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4049: 4039: 4037: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4011: 4007: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3955: 3953: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3934: 3932: 3928: 3927: 3923: 3915: 3900: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3848: 3847: 3840: 3830: 3828: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3804: 3802: 3791: 3787: 3777: 3775: 3767: 3766: 3762: 3754: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3724: 3720: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3682: 3680: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3654: 3644: 3640: 3630: 3628: 3618: 3614: 3604: 3602: 3601:on 20 July 2009 3593: 3592: 3588: 3579: 3578: 3574: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3551: 3550: 3546: 3539: 3522: 3518: 3508: 3506: 3496: 3492: 3482: 3480: 3473: 3469: 3468: 3464: 3429: 3422: 3413: 3412: 3408: 3399: 3398: 3391: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3345: 3343: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3295: 3293: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3183: 3181: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3158: 3157: 3153: 3143: 3141: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3103: 3099: 3089: 3087: 3075: 3071: 3061: 3059: 3054: 3053: 3049: 3042: 3024: 3020: 2996: 2990: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2962: 2953: 2943: 2941: 2922: 2918: 2908: 2906: 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2874: 2868: 2855: 2845: 2843: 2831: 2822: 2813: 2811: 2809: 2781: 2777: 2760: 2759: 2755: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2708: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2662: 2645: 2632: 2626: 2616: 2593: 2573: 2567: 2559: 2550: 2545: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2522: 2477:order the best 2471: 2465: 2459: 2376: 2370: 2365: 2359: 2265: 2259: 2254: 2125: 2119: 2104: 2091: 2079: 2069:In Sweden, the 2067: 2043: 1961: 1953: 1941: 1933: 1915: 1913:North Macedonia 1895: 1881: 1862: 1817: 1811: 1799: 1790: 1782: 1726: 1721: 1713: 1697: 1691: 1676: 1670: 1624: 1616:annual rankings 1550: 1513: 1507: 1494: 1486: 1465:The Daily Beast 1434: 1409: 1380: 1356: 1351: 1327: 1319: 1307:natural science 1298: 1292: 1265: 1254: 1248: 1245: 1202: 1200: 1194: 1190:primary sources 1178: 1167: 1148: 1142: 1137: 1124: 1118: 1087: 1081: 989:Thomson Reuters 984: 977: 968: 931: 925: 896: 864: 858: 849: 843: 826: 820: 792: 786: 773: 767: 754: 713: 669: 664: 646: 600: 592: 523:Thomson Reuters 487: 479: 411:Beirut, Lebanon 304:The Chosun Ilbo 277:Thomson Reuters 227: 221: 216: 103: 101:Global rankings 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7201: 7191: 7190: 7173: 7172: 7160: 7157: 7156: 7154: 7153: 7152: 7151: 7144: 7137: 7130: 7125: 7118: 7113: 7103: 7101:United Kingdom 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7082: 7081: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7064: 7054: 7049: 7048: 7047: 7037: 7032: 7031: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7005: 7004: 7003: 6991: 6986: 6985: 6984: 6973: 6971: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6951:European Union 6947: 6945: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6866: 6864: 6860: 6859: 6852: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6829: 6821: 6820: 6813: 6791: 6769: 6752: 6730: 6712: 6686: 6660: 6634: 6606: 6578: 6567:. Dgei.unam.mx 6556: 6545:. Ecum.unam.mx 6534: 6508: 6490: 6479:on 8 July 2012 6464: 6445: 6424: 6398: 6376: 6356: 6333: 6317:"REF Rankings" 6308: 6289: 6264: 6245: 6219: 6193: 6167: 6146: 6134: 6108: 6082: 6060: 6035: 6014: 5993: 5975: 5949: 5935: 5913: 5887: 5868: 5846: 5806: 5788: 5766: 5757: 5735: 5689: 5663: 5639: 5622: 5596: 5570: 5544: 5522: 5497: 5471: 5445: 5420: 5394: 5376: 5354: 5328: 5299: 5288:on 8 July 2010 5273: 5262:on 8 July 2010 5247: 5226: 5200: 5164: 5138: 5120: 5102: 5075: 5061: 5047: 5027: 5009: 4995: 4977: 4959: 4946: 4928: 4903: 4885: 4882:on 5 May 2016. 4867: 4848: 4845:on 5 May 2016. 4826: 4800: 4779: 4753: 4732: 4691: 4670: 4644: 4623: 4597: 4571: 4539: 4526: 4504: 4478: 4452: 4433: 4414: 4396: 4371: 4353: 4332: 4314: 4292: 4243: 4222: 4201: 4180: 4159: 4133: 4112: 4089: 4068: 4047: 4026: 4005: 3984: 3963: 3942: 3921: 3888: 3876:"ARWU Ranking" 3867: 3838: 3812: 3785: 3760: 3743: 3718: 3704: 3690: 3664: 3638: 3612: 3586: 3572: 3558: 3544: 3537: 3516: 3504:Al-Fanar Media 3490: 3462: 3443:(3): 282–305. 3420: 3406: 3389: 3375: 3353: 3331: 3317: 3303: 3281: 3263: 3245: 3227: 3209: 3191: 3165: 3151: 3125: 3097: 3069: 3047: 3040: 3028:"Introduction" 3018: 2984: 2951: 2916: 2888: 2853: 2820: 2807: 2775: 2766:www.unesco.org 2753: 2718: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2661: 2658: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2644: 2641: 2625: 2622: 2592: 2589: 2569:Main article: 2566: 2563: 2558: 2555: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2473: 2472: 2461:Main article: 2458: 2455: 2447: 2446: 2443: 2442:organizations. 2439: 2372:Main article: 2369: 2366: 2361:Main article: 2358: 2355: 2261:Main article: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2147:. 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Cnachile.cl 6740: 6739:"Cnachile.cl" 6734: 6726: 6722: 6716: 6700: 6696: 6690: 6674: 6670: 6664: 6648: 6644: 6638: 6620: 6618: 6610: 6592: 6590: 6582: 6566: 6560: 6544: 6538: 6522: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6502: 6499: 6494: 6478: 6474: 6468: 6461: 6457: 6455: 6449: 6441: 6440: 6435: 6428: 6421: 6420: 6419:National Post 6416: 6412: 6408: 6402: 6386: 6380: 6373: 6369: 6366: 6360: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6342: 6337: 6322: 6318: 6312: 6304: 6300: 6293: 6278: 6274: 6268: 6260: 6256: 6249: 6233: 6229: 6223: 6207: 6203: 6197: 6181: 6177: 6171: 6156: 6150: 6143: 6138: 6122: 6118: 6112: 6096: 6092: 6086: 6078: 6074: 6070: 6064: 6048: 6042: 6040: 6024: 6018: 6003: 6002:"Perspektywy" 5997: 5991: 5987: 5984: 5979: 5963: 5959: 5953: 5945: 5939: 5923: 5917: 5901: 5897: 5891: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5872: 5857:. Rsvu.mon.bg 5856: 5850: 5842: 5836: 5820: 5813: 5811: 5802: 5798: 5792: 5776: 5770: 5761: 5745: 5739: 5731: 5725: 5706: 5699: 5693: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5649: 5643: 5636: 5632: 5626: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5585:. 5 July 2013 5584: 5580: 5574: 5558: 5554: 5548: 5532: 5526: 5511: 5507: 5501: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5459: 5455: 5449: 5434: 5430: 5424: 5409:. 28 May 2020 5408: 5404: 5398: 5390: 5386: 5380: 5364: 5358: 5342: 5338: 5332: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5304: 5287: 5283: 5277: 5261: 5257: 5251: 5236: 5230: 5214: 5210: 5204: 5188: 5184: 5183: 5178: 5171: 5169: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5134: 5130: 5124: 5116: 5112: 5106: 5090: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5071: 5065: 5057: 5051: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5031: 5023: 5019: 5013: 5005: 4999: 4991: 4987: 4981: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4956: 4950: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4924: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4899: 4895: 4889: 4881: 4877: 4871: 4863: 4859: 4852: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4830: 4814: 4810: 4804: 4789: 4783: 4767: 4763: 4757: 4742: 4736: 4728: 4722: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4680: 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