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595:. Becoming an autonomous institution was not an easy process, but a struggle that lasted about ten years. Some of the students that took part from the very beginning had become teachers by the end of it. There was JosĂ© Yurrieta ValdĂ©s, dean of the UAEM for many years, Carlos Mercado Tovar, once rector of the UAEM, and Guillermo Molina Reyes, nephew to AndrĂ©s Molina EnrĂquez and son to Flor de MarĂa Reyes, the first woman teacher of the institute. Another important student figure during this transition was Ladislao S. Badillo, who was known as the leader or martyr of autonomy, as he died before the fight was over.
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258:. While the latter and Lorenzo de Zavala were liberals, each had a different vision for the Institute. Mora believed freedom was the most important moral value that could be transmitted to students, so he thought the Institute had to be financially supported by citizens, without the interference of the state government. However, Zavala advocated toward equality. He believed that a school had to be financed with public funds and scholarships to favour young people from different regions who had limited resources.
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292:"El Beaterio" was a large house in Toluca intended to host "beatas", women who lived under certain rules and were devoted to educating girls. However, this objective was never met. Instead, a chapel and two schools for girls were built, one for the Spanish girls and another for the indigenous ones respectively. After the
569:. Likewise, a ball to crown the queen was held in the western courtyard of the Institute, which today is known as the Patio del Centenario in honor of the 100th anniversary. Two icons of the university were created on the occasion of this celebration: the institutional anthem and the Monumento al maestro .
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It was quite evident that students were different ages and came from various backgrounds. Boys wearing palm hats and indigenous garments coexisted with boys in suits and modern hats. Some of them used to live at the boarding school; others lived under the half-boarding regime, while the rest did not
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At the end of the nineteenth century, governor José Vicente
Villada ordered a full remodeling of the Institute. He hired architect José Luis González Collazo for the design, and engineer Anselmo Camacho, a former mathematics professor at the institute, to build it. The latter made some modifications
360:
As a result of the interference of the church in the education system, the
Institute's education was tinted with religious elements at the beginning. For instance, every morning students, whether living at the boarding school or not, had to pray and sing a religious hymn, whose last stanza mentioned
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arrived in Toluca on
October 1864, as part of his national tour to learn about people's needs across the country, he stayed at the Convento del Carmen. When he realized how deteriorated the building was, he promised to send a bag of gold coins for its restoration. However, his promise was not kept,
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workshops, among others, became part of the
Escuela de Artes y Oficios . At first, the Escuela Normal de Profesores and the Anexa a la Normal were located at the Institute, but later moved to new premises. This is considered the golden era of the Institute since its professors laid its cultural
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It was during this period that institutes became self-aware and started forging their own identity. This was reflected in the creation of its banner on
September 15, 1887, when governor José Zubieta gave students the first institutional banner, inspired by the motto "Homeland, Science and Labor".
400:
From all the institutes created between 1825 and 1879, the first one was the
Colegio Civil del Estado de Puebla. The Literary Institute of the State of Mexico, which received this name in 1828, was the sixth. Some of these institutes still exist, such as el Ateneo Fuente de Coahuila, el Instituto
288:
In 1830, the seat of the government powers moved to Toluca, and so did the
Institute, as stipulated in its creation decree. In Toluca, students were lodged in the Convento de La Merced, which became the first site of the Institute in the capital of the State, but this did not last long. In 1833,
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During this period, students' blood was shed and their freedom taken away. Many of them were imprisoned, even though police officers did not like to do so, since the prison was right in front of the
Institute, where Grand Plaza Toluca is located now. In the case of teachers, the situation was
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With the establishment of the centralist government in Mexico, which lasted from 1835 to 1846, state institutes all over the country were closed by decree of president
Antonio LĂłpez de Santa Anna. However, on November 7, 1846, after being appointed as interim governor of the State of Mexico,
389:, he not only achieved the status of excellent painter, but also managed to establish a school. Another graduate from the Academy of San Carlos who joined the institute as a professor was Luis Coto y Maldonado, an artist from Toluca who was ver keen on portraying the city, as opposed to
580:. On March 3, 1928, the foundation stone of the Monumento al maestro was laid, and five years later, with the support of students who organized various fundraising events, it was finished. The monument bears the words "youth and senectitude". The authors of the monument were sculptor
560:
In 1928, the
Institute celebrated its one hundredth anniversary, but due to the lack of financial resources, high-school students had to make use of their creativity and celebrate in a soiree full of music and literature at the theatre of Toluca, where they recited
591:. This led students to join other institutions to obtain a higher degree, such as the Universidad Nacional, which became autonomous in 1929. After learning about this fact, many alumni from the institute came back to Toluca to pursue the Institute's
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different. Some of them were dismissed from their jobs, such as Josué Mirlo, while others, such as Horacio Zuniga, decided to abandon the Institute and not teach there again in support of the movement. Finally, on December 31, 1943, governor
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It is because of Coto y Maldonado's work that interesting aspects of the Toluca of that time are known today, such as the original white color of the facade of the famous portals of the city, captured in the painting entitled Los Portales.
235:, the first president of the nation, saw the need to create educational institutions throughout the country to provide education to people, especially the indigenous population, who did not have access to it during colonial times.
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Altamirano was not old enough to attend his lectures, but he would sneak around and listen to his lessons from outside the classroom. They became friends and, eventually, colleagues, since Altamirano started to study law at the
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At that time, comprehensive education involved arts. Felipe Sánchez SolĂs, who was once director of the Institute, taught drawing classes for a while, and when he was no longer able to continue, he asked permission to call
311:, the American army arrived in Toluca and took over the Institute as headquarters, which forced students to take refuge in the Convento del Carmen. This is how the cloister became a temporary seat of the Institute.
545:, a great social scientist who fought the lack of progress and misery that Mexican peasants suffered; Pascual Morales Molina, part of the constitutionalist army and eventually governor of the State of Mexico, and
261:
It was Zavala's idea that prevailed, thus the local Congress declared that poor and preferably indigenous students should be sent to the Institute from each town or district supported by the public treasury.
356:
In honor of such remarkable characters, the UAEM awards the most outstanding teachers and students of each generation with the Ignacio Ramirez Calzada and the Ignacio Manuel Altamirano medals, respectively.
242:
in 1827; some of its articles established the creation of an institution that managed all levels of public education. That year, the capital of the state moved to San AgustĂn de las Cuevas, today known as
341:, and Ignacio RamĂrez Calzada, El Nigromante. Like many other children, Altamirano received a municipal scholarship to study at the Institute. He was an intelligent indigenous child from the community of
304:. Seven months later, on June 7, 1847, the Institute reopened and students from different parts of the State arrived due to the restoration of scholarships to students of municipalities across the state.
353:. In general, he was known for being a rebellious child, and since he did not allow others to mock him or other indigenous children because of their background, he became a protector of the younglings.
214:. Formalised as a university under the UAEM name in 1956, the institution traces its origins back to 1828 with the foundation Instituto Literario del Estado de MĂ©xico, in the former state capital of
433:, which removed all religion-related courses to privilege science. Subsequently, each state was requested through a letter to renew the curriculum of their institute, to conform to that of the ENP.
553:. Baz Prada became governor of the state during the Revolution, a position he held again years later after being rector of the Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico. As a rector, he made
754:
Information kindly provided by the Museo de Historia Universitaria JosĂ© MarĂa Morelos y PavĂłn UAEM. Translated by the International Translation Laboratory of the Faculty of Languages.
296:, since the place had been practically abandoned and was guarded only by a nun, Lorenzo de Zavala decided to expropriate the land and turn it into the new premises for the Institute.
218:. In 1943 the institution was augmented to become the Instituto CientĂfico y Literario de Toluca (ICLA), and thirteen years later obtaining its present name and institutional status.
318:, church, state and education went hand in hand. In fact, the first rector of the school founded in 1827, which later became the Institute, was Priest JosĂ© MarĂa Alcántara.
385:
who had caused a huge stir by showing a nude painting for the first time. For this, he was not acclaimed in Mexico since society was conservative at that time. However, in
300:
Francisco Modesto de OlaguĂbel signed a decree establishing the reopening of the Literary Institute, an initiative attributed to the Secretary of War and Finance,
534:
live at the school, but all of them spent time together in the premises. At that time, the spirit of rebellion lingered among students and professors. During the
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345:, now state of Guerrero. At the Institute, he met Ignacio RamĂrez, who had been invited to teach but would never become his professor, at least not formally.
254:
On March 3, 1828, this school became the Literary Institute of the State of Mexico, after receiving the approval of the State Congress, which was chaired by
1051:
538:, the institution did not close doors. Its presence was portrayed on one of the faces of a peso banknote printed in 1915 in the State of Mexico.
401:
Veracruzano, el Colegio Rosales de Sinaloa, el Italiano Tamaulipeco, and el Colegio Primitivo y Nacional de San Nicolás de Hidalgo in Michoacán.
638:, who not only became a teacher and dean of the Institute but also Mexico's president, a position from which he helped the Institute many times.
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35:
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210:. It is the largest university institution in the state with over 84,500 students, with its central campus located in the state capital of
28:
350:
477:". These symbols, as well as the green and gold colors of this first banner, are part of the current institutional coat of arms.
326:
either because he never intended to do so or because he did not have the opportunity, as he was imprisoned and executed in 1867.
247:. It was there, in the Casa de las Piedras Miyeras (House of the Miyeras Stones), that the new Seminary inaugurated by governor
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signed the decree that granted the long-awaited autonomy to the institution, which entered into force on January 15, 1944.
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During the Porfiriato, the government period after Benito Juárez's term, the Institute stood out for participating at the
285:
classes were a must, since they were part of the comprehensive education the Institute intended to provide to students.
606:
441:
Dean Joaquin Ramos explained the icons on the coat of arms with the following words: "On a green field, representing
496:, marks the end of the remodeling process of the building. This is how the premises became the seat of a completely
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Lorenzo de Zavala expropriated a property known as "El Beaterio", with the purpose of locating the Institute there.
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and architect Vicente Mendiola, who were a student and a professor of the institute respectively.
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Portraits of the notable alumni at the Museo de Historia Universitaria JosĂ© MarĂa Morelos y PavĂłn
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compulsory for medical students, a measure that became extensive to the rest of degree programs.
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425:'s term, traveled to Europe, where he learned about who is considered the father of positivism:
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Among other characters who studied at the Institute during the Revolution were
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studies. It is said that he fondly remembered traditional candy from Toluca.
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to the design that resulted in the façade of the Historic Rectory Building.
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The anthem was a creation of two professors: Horacio Zúñiga, who taught
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from the collection of the Natural Sciences Cabinet were exhibited.
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733:(in Spanish). Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de MĂ©xico. p. 7
27:"UAEM" redirects here. For the student advocacy organization, see
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The Political Constitution of the State of Mexico was signed in
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surrounded by a community of working bees as an expression of
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Another element of identity born during this period is the
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549:, who as a minor and medical student decided to join the
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437:, governor of the State of Mexico, carried out the task.
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In the Institute, there were two emblematic characters:
182:
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Banner of the Literary Institute of the State of Mexico
896:
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
231:Mexico was born as an independent country in 1821.
66:Instituto CientĂfico y Literario de Toluca (ICLA)
42:Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de Mexico (UAEM)
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614:
198:) (Autonomous University of Mexico State) is a
1057:Estadio Universitario Alberto "Chivo" CĂłrdoba
808:
655:, economist, law graduate and founder of the
959:
689:, Vasconcelos arrived in Toluca to complete
659:and the Casa España, which later became the
587:At that time, the Institute did not provide
509:Exposition Universelle held in Paris in 1889
484:of the rectory building. The removal of the
984:
29:Universities Allied for Essential Medicines
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36:Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de Morelos
265:The first curriculum included courses on
192:Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de MĂ©xico
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408:
351:National Autonomous University of Mexico
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61:Instituto Literario del Estado de MĂ©xico
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663:. Thanks to CosĂo Villegas, president
302:Ignacio Ramirez Calzada, El Nigromante
1087:Autonomous University of Mexico State
1029:
891:Autonomous University of Mexico State
860:Modelo Museum of Science and Industry
796:
393:, who preferred painting landscapes.
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314:During this time, and prior to the
34:For the university in Morelos, see
24:
251:, started classes on September 4.
25:
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724:"Manual de Identidad 2021 - 2025"
576:, and Felipe Mendoza, who taught
404:
1062:Gimnasio Juan Fernández Albarrán
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421:, minister of Education during
381:, a painter graduated from the
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494:separation of state and church
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1037:Estadio Juan Josafat Pichardo
997:Gigantes del Estado de MĂ©xico
922:Toluca Centro railway station
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431:Escuela Nacional Preparatoria
940:Toluca International Airport
917:Zinacantepec railway station
615:Notable alumni and academics
88:Fatherland, Science and Work
7:
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294:Mexican War of Independence
125:Carlos Eduardo Barrera DĂaz
10:
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850:Centro Cultural Mexiquense
681:; after having studied in
657:Fondo de Cultura EconĂłmica
642:Pastor Velázquez Hernández
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865:Sala Felipe Villanueva
626:AndrĂ©s Molina EnrĂquez
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543:AndrĂ©s Molina EnrĂquez
417:After the Reform War,
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323:Maximilian of Habsburg
233:Don Guadalupe Victoria
1007:Osos Negros de Toluca
967:Deportivo Toluca F.C.
671:refugees into Mexico.
653:Daniel CosĂo Villegas
647:Gilberto Owen Estrada
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383:Academy of San Carlos
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83:Motto in English
1047:Estadio Nemesio DĂez
972:Potros Salvajes UAEM
435:Mariano Riva Palacio
309:Mexican-American War
256:JosĂ© MarĂa Luis Mora
875:Toluca Car Assembly
779:19.2839°N 99.6781°W
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636:Adolfo LĂłpez Mateos
565:and performed some
307:In 1849, after the
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691:primary education
669:Spanish Civil War
661:Colegio de MĂ©xico
631:Gustavo Baz Prada
547:Gustavo Baz Prada
513:dissected animals
492:, because of the
316:War of the Reform
249:Lorenzo de Zavala
200:public university
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98:Public university
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16:(Redirected from
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589:higher education
582:Ignacio AsĂşnsolo
461:. At the top, a
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253:
237:
230:
195:
191:
189:
149:Mexico State
114:(University)
87:
57:Former names
1017:Potros UAEM
855:Cosmovitral
838:Attractions
782: /
555:internships
523:lithography
465:represents
371:Holy Spirit
227:Liberal era
109:(Institute)
104:Established
1081:Categories
770:99°40′41″W
767:19°17′02″N
737:8 February
710:References
574:literature
551:Zapatistas
519:Typography
107:March 1828
884:Education
731:uaemex.mx
667:welcomed
527:carpentry
68:1943–1956
63:1828–1942
933:Airports
698:See also
593:autonomy
511:, where
490:beaterio
459:homeland
449:made of
387:Colombia
369:and the
138:Location
130:Students
704:Redalyc
498:liberal
471:beehive
467:science
283:Drawing
275:English
245:Tlalpan
240:Texcoco
222:History
216:Tlalpan
202:in the
179:Website
1092:Toluca
1030:Venues
953:Sports
831:Toluca
679:Oaxaca
563:poetry
525:, and
486:chapel
482:façade
365:, the
363:Father
343:Tixtla
279:German
271:French
212:Toluca
208:Mexico
173:
170:
163:Colors
155:Mexico
143:Toluca
121:Rector
727:(PDF)
687:Texas
578:music
475:labor
451:olive
447:crown
74:Motto
739:2023
463:star
453:and
443:hope
361:the
277:and
196:UAEM
190:The
112:1956
94:Type
18:UAEM
455:oak
367:Son
267:Law
1083::
747:^
729:.
521:,
373:.
273:,
206:,
152:,
146:,
816:e
809:t
802:v
741:.
649:.
194:(
38:.
31:.
20:)
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