195:
22:
30:
194:
21:
369:
The excavation was conducted by DigVentures, an archaeology social enterprise, while investigating the area downslope from the iron age hillfort at
Wittenham Clumps, a South Oxfordshire landmark. In 2021, the team found an extended iron age settlement, with the remains of roundhouses dating from
267:
141:, though these are blown only with air. This applies to any process where a blast is delivered under pressure to make a fire hotter. Archeologists have discovered tuyeres dating from the
237:
hearths, usually one of the latter and one to three of the former. Each hearth was equipped with its own set of bellows, blowing into it through a tuyere.
198:
General arrangement of the Tuyere (2), Tuyere cooler (1), Tuyere-cooler holder (3), Blowpipe (4) and Bustle Pipe (9) in a Blast
Furnace.
129:
or other devices. This causes the fire to become hotter in front of the blast than it would otherwise have been, enabling metals to be
210:
Early blast furnaces also had one tuyere, but were fed from bellows perhaps 12 feet (3.7m) long operated by a waterwheel. During the
360:
370:
400-100BC. Founded in 2012, DigVentures is a team of archaeologists who aim to increase public participation in archaeology.
163:, were introduced into England from France, along with the French technical terms relating to the new technology. "Tuyere" (
226:
pipes to be produced, enabling one engine to deliver blast to several sides of a furnace, through multiple tuyeres.
349:
W. K. V. Gale, The iron and Steel industry: a dictionary of terms (David and
Charles, Newton Abbot 1972), 216–217.
470:
433:
408:
211:
107:
465:
8:
173:
382:
91:
296:
321:
64:
164:
99:
54:
29:
274:
is injected in the furnace. They are usually made from copper and cooled with a
126:
222:
working blowing cylinders. Improvements in foundry practice enabled gas-tight
459:
156:
244:'s hearth at their forge has a tuyere, often blown by foot-operated bellows.
275:
230:
215:
160:
361:"'Forging new history': high-end Iron Age smithy unearthed in Oxfordshire"
178:'air vent') is one of these French words, sometimes Anglicised as
219:
241:
271:
263:
256:
223:
149:
204:
142:
130:
234:
134:
122:
252:
118:
111:
95:
155:
Around the year 1500 new ironmaking techniques, including the
82:
73:
16:
Tube, nozzle or pipe through which air is blown into a furnace
138:
383:"Tue Iron | Definition of Tue Iron by Merriam-Webster"
248:
103:
79:
34:
322:"Tuyere | Definition of Tuyere by Merriam-Webster"
145:; one example dates from between 770 BCE and 515 BCE.
70:
67:
76:
457:
262:As of 2009 the world's largest blast furnace in
297:"Tuyere | Define Tuyere at Dictionary.com"
121:is injected into a hearth under pressure from
268:Shougang Jing Tang United Iron and Steel Ltd
25:A tuyere, seen from inside a blast furnace
426:
409:"Blast furnace tuyere and tuyere stocks"
193:
28:
20:
358:
214:, the blast began to be provided using
458:
434:"World's Largest Blast Furnace Starts"
345:
343:
278:to withstand the extreme temperatures.
137:or made hot enough to be worked in a
53:
359:Alberge, Dalya (January 28, 2024).
340:
247:Tuyeres were also used in smelting
13:
270:had 42 tuyeres, through which the
152:, tuyeres are often water-cooled.
14:
482:
63:
401:
375:
352:
314:
289:
148:Following the introduction of
1:
282:
7:
189:
10:
487:
301:Dictionary.reference.com
207:normally had one tuyere.
102:allowing the blowing of
199:
168:
38:
26:
233:contained finery and
212:Industrial Revolution
197:
51:French pronunciation:
32:
24:
266:, China operated by
471:Industrial furnaces
387:Merriam-webster.com
326:Merriam-webster.com
200:
39:
27:
177:
33:An old tuyere in
478:
450:
449:
447:
445:
440:. August 3, 2009
430:
424:
423:
421:
419:
405:
399:
398:
396:
394:
379:
373:
372:
356:
350:
347:
338:
337:
335:
333:
318:
312:
311:
309:
307:
293:
172:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
62:
57:
55:[tɥijɛʁ]
52:
486:
485:
481:
480:
479:
477:
476:
475:
456:
455:
454:
453:
443:
441:
432:
431:
427:
417:
415:
407:
406:
402:
392:
390:
381:
380:
376:
357:
353:
348:
341:
331:
329:
320:
319:
315:
305:
303:
295:
294:
290:
285:
192:
66:
60:
59:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
484:
474:
473:
468:
452:
451:
438:Foundrymag.com
425:
413:ispatguru.com/
400:
389:. May 31, 2016
374:
351:
339:
328:. May 31, 2016
313:
287:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
260:
245:
238:
227:
208:
191:
188:
127:blowing engine
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
483:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
461:
439:
435:
429:
414:
410:
404:
393:September 24,
388:
384:
378:
371:
366:
362:
355:
346:
344:
332:September 24,
327:
323:
317:
306:September 24,
302:
298:
292:
288:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
246:
243:
239:
236:
232:
228:
225:
221:
217:
216:steam engines
213:
209:
206:
202:
201:
196:
187:
185:
181:
175:
170:
166:
162:
158:
157:blast furnace
153:
151:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
87:
56:
48:
44:
36:
31:
23:
19:
444:November 24,
442:. Retrieved
437:
428:
416:. Retrieved
412:
403:
391:. Retrieved
386:
377:
368:
365:The Guardian
364:
354:
330:. Retrieved
325:
316:
304:. Retrieved
300:
291:
276:water jacket
231:finery forge
220:Watt engines
218:, initially
183:
179:
161:finery forge
154:
147:
116:
46:
42:
40:
18:
466:Steelmaking
460:Categories
283:References
257:smeltmills
242:blacksmith
272:hot blast
264:Caofeidan
224:cast iron
150:hot blast
61:English:
37:, Nigeria
205:bloomery
190:Examples
184:tue iron
180:tue-iron
143:Iron Age
418:June 3,
235:chafery
176:
131:smelted
123:bellows
117:Air or
108:furnace
106:into a
90:) is a
253:copper
169:tuyère
165:French
135:melted
119:oxygen
112:hearth
96:nozzle
47:tuyère
43:tuyere
139:forge
125:or a
446:2019
420:2017
395:2016
334:2016
308:2016
251:and
249:lead
240:The
174:lit.
159:and
114:.
100:pipe
92:tube
255:in
182:or
133:or
110:or
104:air
98:or
83:ɛər
45:or
35:Nok
462::
436:.
411:.
385:.
367:.
363:.
342:^
324:.
299:.
229:A
203:A
186:.
171:,
167::
94:,
74:iː
58:;
41:A
448:.
422:.
397:.
336:.
310:.
259:.
86:/
80:j
77:ˈ
71:w
68:t
65:/
49:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
