276:
33:
251:
declared them an enemy. The first underground organization formed by
Turkish Cypriots to oppose enosis was Volkan. This organization was founded in 1956. or September 1955 according to different sources, and purportedly with the support of the British administration. Roni Alasor, however, claims that
314:
The TMT was initially formed with a local initiative, with the aims of raising awareness in Turkey about the
Cypriot issue and military training and supply for Turkish Cypriot fighters. However, its leaders were aware that such an organization would not be popular without Turkish support, and thus,
411:
Between 1964 and 1967, the TMT maintained a force of about 5,000 fighters, although this was somewhat weakened in 1966 and 1967, when around 950 men, who had interrupted their studies or never had a chance to commence them, went to Turkey to enroll in universities.
403:) of Cyprus. TMT claims that their efforts were simply in response to a real threat against their community by EOKA, after 1963, by the Cypriot Government, which by then was under exclusive Greek Cypriot control and had ended representing Turkish Cypriots.
257:
319:. In the meeting, Zorlu asked them if they would be able to receive the weapons sent by Turkey, and Denktaş replied positively, after which Zorlu brought the issue to the attention of the Chief of Staff of the
323:. After several months of consideration, Turkey decided to support the organization on the condition that Turkish support would be kept secret. Daniş Karabelen was assigned to organize the TMT's foundation.
343:), a term used for Muslims who fight on behalf of the faith or the Muslim community. The mujahids would have no ranks and their names were unknown amongst each other. Communication with its members in
247:; as such, they preferred the continuation of the British rule and later, taksim, the division of the island. Due to the Turkish Cypriots' support for the British, the EOKA leader
307:. Its declaration of establishment, which called all Turkish Cypriot members of resistance organizations to unite under the TMT, was printed on 26 November 1957 by the
308:
304:
296:
1597:
381:
who arrived secretly and presented themselves as bankers, teachers and business men and trained
Turkish Cypriots in tactics of unconventional warfare.
1559:
240:
824:
1607:
1454:
252:
TMT's organisation structure and base had been formed as early as 1950 with its centre in Yenişehir (Yenişehir is the modern section of Ankara).
243:" within the Turkish Cypriot community, as its members feared that they would be forced to leave the island in such a case as was the case with
315:
no organization or efforts to establish a leadership took place at this time. On 2 January 1958, Denktaş and Küçük flew to Ankara to meet with
1534:
796:
1419:
1622:
920:
1434:
1632:
1554:
1570:
275:
1627:
1617:
1349:
657:
594:
859:
1105:
1271:
295:, however, claimed that the organization was established on 27 November. The establishment took place in the house of
291:
The exact date of establishment of the TMT varies across several sources, the given dates are 15 or 23 November 1957.
1404:
1052:
789:
754:
733:
703:
684:
1549:
1031:
1439:
154:
125:
1329:
1637:
1512:
1507:
1394:
1612:
1490:
1039:
782:
70:
1459:
1449:
1354:
1067:
1057:
1047:
884:
1409:
1072:
1062:
950:
431:
163:
1602:
1544:
1110:
935:
889:
1246:
348:
316:
1564:
1120:
1100:
1090:
1221:
1592:
1529:
1502:
1115:
1095:
970:
819:
421:
216:
1480:
667:
Apeyitou, Elena (2010). "Turkish-Cypriot nationalism: its history and development (1571–1960)".
1485:
1464:
1379:
568:
546:
374:
359:
1236:
1000:
995:
965:
723:
269:
303:, the Turkish Cypriot attaché at the Turkish embassy, with the participation of Denktaş and
1539:
1286:
1176:
1156:
945:
849:
320:
200:
1171:
231:
The Greek
Cypriot paramilitary organization, EOKA started its anti-British activities for
32:
8:
1369:
1231:
1085:
864:
805:
215:"). The name of the organization was changed twice. In 1967 to "Mücahit", and became the
80:
1414:
1524:
1444:
1389:
1324:
1266:
1191:
1186:
725:
Educations in Ethnic
Violence: Identity, Educational Bubbles, and Resource Mobilization
363:
158:
96:
88:
1291:
1276:
355:
1359:
1339:
1261:
1196:
1080:
985:
940:
915:
874:
829:
750:
729:
699:
680:
653:
400:
261:
192:
76:
1518:
1424:
1166:
1241:
899:
336:
188:
176:
1496:
1429:
1301:
1281:
1216:
696:
The Making of
Informal States: Statebuilding in Northern Cyprus and Transdniestria
1384:
1374:
975:
960:
955:
925:
744:
280:
248:
1181:
749:. Dept. of Geography, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Waterloo.
292:
196:
43:
1399:
1364:
1334:
1319:
834:
606:
426:
378:
256:. During this period, other resistance organizations were founded, such as the
204:
84:
1251:
1211:
1141:
930:
399:
TMT was active mainly between 1958 and 1974, promoting partition (in
Turkish:
1586:
894:
284:
1296:
839:
1206:
1146:
990:
869:
244:
1256:
265:
1226:
1151:
1023:
854:
389:
The TMT was an ethno-nationalist organization, with a right-wing stance.
311:(Nicosia Turkish High School). Initially, it only had about 100 members.
1201:
1125:
768:. University of Leicester, Museum and Society, 10(3). pp. 185–186.
220:
101:
774:
272:, but these turned out to be unsuccessful attempts and joined Volkan.
1161:
1005:
369:
on Greek
Cypriot properties. The Turkish state in 1950s had sent to
879:
844:
332:
300:
203:
officer Rıza Vuruşkan in 1958 as an organisation to counter the
715:
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk
Cumhuriyeti'nde Tören, Bayram ve Anma Günleri
370:
344:
253:
236:
232:
212:
144:
139:
121:
63:
1344:
717:(in Turkish). Turkish Cypriot Association of Former Fighter.
508:
506:
504:
453:
451:
449:
447:
392:
TMT's main goal was to counter the Greek
Cypriot demand for
366:
208:
135:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
501:
444:
764:
Stylianou-Lambert, Theopisti; Bounia, Alexandra (2012).
763:
480:
746:
Political geography and the Cyprus conflict, 1963–1971
621:
470:
468:
466:
525:
523:
521:
347:
was by radio and the honorary leader of the TMT was
268:("Black Gang"), which reportedly had the support of
219:
in 1976. Its members (soldiers) are called Mücahit (
16:
1958–1974 Turkish Cypriot paramilitary organisation
675:Solomou, Emilios; Faustmann, Hubert, eds. (2010).
463:
1560:Sovereignty unconditionally belongs to the Nation
518:
258:Turkish Resistance Legion for the Movement Legion
1584:
674:
1455:Alfortville Armenian Genocide Memorial bombings
595:"Türkeş TMT'yi benden öğrendi, boynuma sarıldı"
790:
279:Turkish Resistance Organization Monument in
326:
1598:Paramilitary organisations based in Cyprus
921:Association for Defence of National Rights
797:
783:
1555:How happy is the one who says I am a Turk
693:
512:
679:. Nicosia: University of Nicosia Press.
666:
540:
538:
457:
274:
1460:2005 Istanbul pogrom exhibition assault
804:
742:
712:
627:
495:
1608:Organisations based in Northern Cyprus
1585:
650:Encrypted message: "Get on the train!"
643:
529:
778:
721:
652:] (in Turkish). Cologne: Berfin.
592:
535:
474:
1435:1995 Azerbaijani coup d'état attempt
586:
195:paramilitary organisation formed by
13:
1106:Nationalist and Conservative Party
544:
362:office of Turkey, was leading the
14:
1649:
1623:Turkish nationalist organizations
1535:Confiscation of Armenian property
1405:Expulsion of Greeks from Istanbul
1053:Republican Villagers Nation Party
1633:1974 disestablishments in Cyprus
743:Patrick, Richard Arthur (1976).
31:
1032:Committee of Union and Progress
981:Turkish Resistance Organisation
235:, the union of the island with
173:Turkish Resistance Organisation
1571:Şehitler ölmez vatan bölünmez!
1440:Zirve Publishing House murders
1430:Assassination of Kemal Türkler
1395:1957 arson attack at Tahtakale
728:. Cambridge University Press.
713:Emircan, Mehmet Salih (2007).
646:Sifreli Mesaj: "Trene bindir!"
593:Doğan, İbrahim (12 May 2008).
561:
155:Cypriot Intercommunal Violence
1:
1628:1958 establishments in Cyprus
1618:Turkish nationalism in Cyprus
437:
1420:Political violence in Turkey
549:(in Turkish). Kıbrıs Postası
226:
7:
1450:Assassination of Hrant Dink
1355:Turkish War of Independence
885:Turkish Cypriot nationalism
766:War Museums and Photography
415:
406:
384:
10:
1654:
1410:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
1063:Nationalist Movement Party
677:Colonial Cyprus: 1878–1960
637:
432:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
331:TMT's members were called
164:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
1545:Denial of Kurds by Turkey
1473:
1310:
1134:
1111:Rights and Equality Party
1040:Republican People's Party
1014:
908:
890:Turkish-Islamic synthesis
812:
694:Isachenko, Daria (2012).
364:irregular Turkish Cypriot
150:
131:
117:
107:
95:
69:
59:
49:
39:
30:
21:
1565:Armenian genocide denial
1330:1913 Ottoman coup d'état
1091:Independent Turkey Party
825:Atatürk personality cult
327:Structure & Soldiers
181:Türk Mukavemet Teşkilatı
23:Türk Mukavemet Teşkilatı
1530:Citizen, speak Turkish!
971:Turkish Revenge Brigade
820:16 Great Turkic Empires
722:Lange, Matthew (2011).
422:Bloody Christmas (1963)
379:special forces veterans
217:Security Forces Command
207:Fighter's Organization
97:Political position
1486:Turkish History Thesis
1465:Murder of Deniz Poyraz
1380:Racism-Turanism trials
698:. Palgrave Macmillan.
360:unconventional warfare
288:
180:
1513:1934 Resettlement Law
1350:Deportations of Kurds
1272:Gökçe Fırat Çulhaoğlu
1222:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
1101:People's Ascent Party
1001:Youth Union of Turkey
996:Sultan Murad Division
966:Peace at Home Council
644:Alasor, Roni (1999).
278:
1638:Anti-Greek sentiment
1177:Mehmet Emin Yurdakul
850:Nine Lights Doctrine
321:Turkish Armed Forces
1613:Secession in Cyprus
1508:Animal name changes
1370:1934 Thrace pogroms
1232:Mahmut Esat Bozkurt
1086:Bright Turkey Party
1068:Nation Party (1992)
1058:Nation Party (1962)
1048:Nation Party (1948)
865:Sun Language Theory
806:Turkish nationalism
309:Lefkoşa Türk Lisesi
161:Arpalık Resistance
81:Turkish nationalism
1525:The Twenty Classes
1491:Place name changes
1445:Gezi Park protests
1390:Battle of Tillyria
1325:Hamidian massacres
1187:Ali bey Huseynzade
569:"Turkish language"
547:"1 Ağustos ve TMT"
460:, pp. 270–71.
305:Burhan Nalbantoğlu
289:
159:Erenköy Resistance
140:Republic of Cyprus
89:Ethnic nationalism
51:Dates of operation
1580:
1579:
1481:Atatürk's reforms
1360:Elza Niego affair
1345:Assyrian genocide
1340:Armenian genocide
1247:Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu
1197:Zeki Velidi Togan
1172:Noman Çelebicihan
1081:Great Unity Party
986:Turkists of Gebze
941:Counter-Guerrilla
916:9 September Front
830:Idealism (Turkey)
669:The Cyprus Review
659:978-960-03-3260-5
515:, pp. 38–39.
498:, pp. 80–95.
349:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
317:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
262:9 September Front
239:. This caused a "
169:
168:
1645:
1603:Cyprus Emergency
1415:Beyazıt massacre
1242:Abulfaz Elchibey
1237:Alparslan Türkeş
1077:
1044:
1036:
1035:(Ottoman Empire)
1028:
1027:(Ottoman Empire)
860:Racism in Turkey
799:
792:
785:
776:
775:
769:
760:
739:
718:
709:
690:
672:
663:
631:
625:
619:
618:
616:
614:
605:. Archived from
590:
584:
583:
582:
580:
565:
559:
558:
556:
554:
545:Gündüz, Erdinç.
542:
533:
527:
516:
510:
499:
493:
478:
472:
461:
455:
297:Kemal Tanrıverdi
201:Turkish military
151:Battles and wars
113:17,151 (in 1974)
111:3,000 volunteers
91:
52:
35:
19:
18:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1503:Language reform
1469:
1385:Istanbul pogrom
1375:Dersim massacre
1312:
1306:
1287:Yusuf Halaçoğlu
1277:Kemal Kerinçsiz
1157:Kâzım Karabekir
1130:
1121:Patriotic Party
1075:
1042:
1034:
1026:
1016:
1010:
976:Turkish Hearths
961:Ottoman Hearths
956:Kuva-yi Milliye
926:Alperen Hearths
904:
808:
803:
757:
736:
706:
687:
660:
640:
635:
634:
626:
622:
612:
610:
609:on 16 June 2008
591:
587:
578:
576:
567:
566:
562:
552:
550:
543:
536:
528:
519:
511:
502:
494:
481:
473:
464:
456:
445:
440:
418:
409:
387:
358:, in charge of
356:Daniş Karabelen
329:
281:Cumhuriyet Park
249:Georgios Grivas
241:Cretan syndrome
229:
189:Turkish Cypriot
143:
138:
124:
112:
87:
83:
79:
75:
50:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1651:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1593:Cyprus dispute
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1519:Varlık Vergisi
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1425:Maraş massacre
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Sivas massacre
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1365:Zilan massacre
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1335:Greek genocide
1332:
1327:
1322:
1320:Adana massacre
1316:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:Ömer Seyfettin
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1116:National Party
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1096:Homeland Party
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:Workers' Party
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
912:
910:
906:
905:
903:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
835:Islamokemalism
832:
827:
822:
816:
814:
810:
809:
802:
801:
794:
787:
779:
771:
770:
761:
755:
740:
734:
719:
710:
704:
691:
685:
664:
658:
639:
636:
633:
632:
630:, p. 126.
620:
601:(in Turkish).
585:
575:, 13 July 2024
560:
534:
517:
513:Isachenko 2012
500:
479:
462:
442:
441:
439:
436:
435:
434:
429:
427:Cyprus dispute
424:
417:
414:
408:
405:
386:
383:
328:
325:
228:
225:
167:
166:
152:
148:
147:
133:
129:
128:
126:British Cyprus
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
85:Anti-communism
73:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
47:
46:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1650:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
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1520:
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1506:
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1501:
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1416:
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1406:
1403:
1401:
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1381:
1378:
1376:
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1371:
1368:
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1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1302:Bülent Ecevit
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:Meral Akşener
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:Doğu Perinçek
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1217:Nejdet Sançar
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:Ahmet Ağaoğlu
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
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1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
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1137:
1133:
1127:
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1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
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1102:
1099:
1097:
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1089:
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1084:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
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952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
911:
909:Organizations
907:
901:
898:
896:
895:Turkification
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
817:
815:
811:
807:
800:
795:
793:
788:
786:
781:
780:
777:
773:
767:
762:
758:
756:9780921083054
752:
748:
747:
741:
737:
735:9781139505444
731:
727:
726:
720:
716:
711:
707:
705:9780230392069
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1540:Surname Law
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1152:Enver Pasha
1142:Ziya Gökalp
1076:(left-wing)
1043:(1923–1944)
1024:Young Turks
951:Grey Wolves
931:Atsız Youth
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855:Pan-Turkism
553:28 February
530:Alasor 1999
270:Fazıl Küçük
142:(from 1960)
1587:Categories
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1292:Ümit Özdağ
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936:Black Gang
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71:Ideology
1017:parties
638:Sources
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367:attacks
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1313:events
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213:EOKA-B
193:taksim
145:EOKA B
122:Turkey
118:Allies
77:Taksim
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648:[
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751:ISBN
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615:2008
581:2024
555:2015
377:and
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199:and
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