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create a climate were companies and graduate students could work together closely. When the university was founded a good relationship between the students of the university and the nearby companies was expected. However, over the years this ambition disappeared into the background. In these years there was a severe lack in interaction between the facilities of the
University and the private companies in the area. This meant that there was no joint research happening. In July 1994, Esaki introduced Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA). This is a partnership between the university, foreign researchers, Tsukuba's national research labs, and corporate laboratories based in the city.
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mid-1970s. Until that time only farmers had lived there and they would process their own garbage into mulch. Because the garbage did not get picked up, it started smelling in the streets. This enraged the housewives and they demanded a garbage service. In order to meet the demand, a pit was dug where the waste could be dumped until a garbage service would be developed in the city. In the 1990s, Tsukuba had the most innovative garbage system in Japan.
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desire of conservative politicians to decrease the influence of liberal teachers and students, and a need to catch up with the West in terms of scientific knowledge. Furthermore, it was already clear that there was a demand for new research facilities and a fresh approach to university education. This fresh approach was prevalent in the United States; therefore, Japan's
Ministry of Education decided to transfer a part of the
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675:) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tsukuba is 14.3 °C (57.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,326.0 mm (52.20 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.9 °C (78.6 °F), and lowest in January, at around 3.1 °C (37.6 °F).
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2027:, campus. After a new university structure was introduced; the power of teachers decreased and the power of administrative management increased. Furthermore, the new structure led to better research facilities, a separate independent research department and the implementation of a board for general policies and regulations.
1649:. Tsukuba has become one of the world's key sites for government-industry collaborations in basic research. Earthquake safety, environmental degradation, studies of roadways, fermentation science, microbiology, and plant genetics are some of the broad research topics having close public-private partnerships.
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prior to becoming president of the
University of Tsukuba. Unlike other Japanese university presidents he had no academic background and no former ties with the University of Tsukuba. This was part of the reason why he was chosen as president. Due to his history in the corporate world, he was able to
2018:
In
September 1963, the national government of Japan, led by Ichiro Kono and Kniomi Umezawa, ordered the development of a science city in the area around the mountain Tsukuba. Reasons behind this decision included the overcrowding in Tokyo, the overflow of applicants to Japanese elite universities, a
2030:
In 1966, after a few years of intensive study, the government started the project by buying land in the
Tsukuba area. The acquiring of land to build on was done by negotiation over prices between the government and landowners. The parcels of land with the most suitable price were purchased. This is
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By 2000, the city's 60 national research institutes and two national universities had been grouped into five zones: higher education and training, construction research, physical science and engineering research, biological and agricultural research, and common (public) facilities. These zones were
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Tsukuba has 29 public elementary schools and 12 public middle schools operated by the city government, and four public high school operated by the
Ibaraki Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates one combined middle school/high school and one special education school for the
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Over the past several decades, nearly half of Japan's public research and development budget has been spent in
Tsukuba. Important scientific breakthroughs by its researchers include the identification and specification of the molecular structure of superconducting materials, the development of
2087:
Another criticism levied by national government critics is that
Tsukuba Science City is a waste of taxpayer's money. They also believe that Tsukuba is an example of government control of academic and research organization. In addition, social critics feel that Tsukuba's social organization is
2083:
Tsukuba
Science City has faced considerable criticism since its inception. The first criticism on the city was that it was not habitable. Wives of the first researchers were used to putting garbage on the side of the road in order for it to get picked up. However, this was not the case in the
2091:
Garner describes the city is described as being ‘flat’ due to a lack of city life. Even though
Tsukuba Science City has an impressive number of research and development facilities and various companies, it still is not able to reach the same level of innovation as science cities that do have
2058:
was held. This was a landmark for the science city. The reasons behind the expo were to establish a positive national image of Tsukuba Science City and to gain international recognition that Tsukuba was a place of science. The Expo attracted around 20 million Japanese and foreign visitors.
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The building of facilities started in June 1969. The initial building plan was ten years, but in 1980 it became clear that that would not be the case. However, in March 1980 all the facilities that were meant to be built were up and running to a certain extent.
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in 2011, evacuees from the accident zone reported that municipal officials in Tsukuba refused to allow them access to shelters in the city unless they presented certificates from the Fukushima government declaring that the evacuees were "radiation free".
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Initially, Tsukuba was built for travel by car due to having no train station. It was actually Japan's first city that promoted automobile travel over public transport. In 2005, a train station was built in the city. The
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Parks: The city has more than 100 parks and green areas to relax in. Different parks are connected by pedestrian walk and bikeways. Some parks are equipped with tennis courts and round pavements for jogging and walking.
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that caused heavy damage to numerous structures and left approximately 20,000 residents without electricity. The storm killed one 14-year-old boy and injured 45 people. The tornado was rated an F-3 by the
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reason for the odd shape of the government-owned land in Tsukuba; it is 18 kilometers long from north to east and 6 kilometers wide from east to west. Due to this shape walking is not common in the city.
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was held in the area of Tsukuba Science City, which at the time was still divided administratively between several small towns and villages. Attractions at the event included the 85-metre (279 ft)
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of 900 persons per km. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 20.3%. The total area of the city is 283.72 square kilometres (109.54 sq mi). It is known as the location of the
1716:
in Ibaraki Prefecture. After the establishment of Tsukuba Science City, the numerous government and private research institutes has drawn a large number of factories and supporting businesses.
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In the extreme south is the Ushiku Lagoon; the Nishiyata, Higashiyata and Inari rivers discharge their waters into it. The Ushiku Lagoon, through the Yata River, flows into the Kokai River.
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Between 1970 and 1980 researchers and their families started to move to Tsukuba. This move was a culture shock for the families from Tokyo due to the dirt roads and open fields in Tsukuba.
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became the president of the University of Tsukuba in 1992. His presidency marked a new era of reform for the Tsukuba Science City. Leo Esaki is a Nobel prize winner and worked at
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2006:, former minister of construction, and Kuniomi Umezawa, former vice minister of the science and technology agency. Another key figure for the development of the Science City is
2010:. What sets Tsukuba apart from other town developments in Japan is the large scale and fast pace of its development into a place with high quality of scientific innovation.
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576:, a park surrounded by vegetation centered in Dōhō Swamp, has a baseball field, a soccer field, a gym and a heated indoor pool equipped with a solar heating system.
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1637:(KEK); the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; the Electrotechnical Laboratory; the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory; and the
3179:"Translator of 'Satanic Verses' Slain : Japan: The stabbing of a scholar at a campus near Tokyo may be related to Salman Rushdie's controversial novel"
1621:) to create the city of Tsukuba. The neighboring town of Tsukuba merged with the city of Tsukuba on January 1, 1988. Followed by the town of Kukizaki (from
1641:. The city has an international flair, with about 7,500 foreign students and researchers from as many as 133 countries living in Tsukuba at any one time.
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551:, from which the city takes its name, is located in the northern part of the city. Except for the area around Mount Tsukuba, the city is a part of the
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city council of 28 members. Tsukuba contributes five members to the Ibaraki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of
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organic optical films that alter their electrical conductivity in response to changing light, and the creation of extreme low-pressure
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1625:) on November 1, 2002. Therefore, Yatabe, Ōho, Toyosato, Sakura, Tsukuba and Kukizaki, correspond to the ancient towns and villages.
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and 46 public basic scientific research laboratories began in the 1970s. Tsukuba Science City became operational in the 1980s. The
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Tsukuba is located in southern Ibaraki Prefecture, approximately 50 kilometers from central Tokyo and about 40 kilometers from
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stimulating city life. In 2006, Tsukuba Science City started focusing on creating more city life to address this problem.
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and Liberty International School, and also has a Brazilian school, the Instituto Educare (former Escola Pingo de Gente).
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3046:[International Friendship Cities List]. Foreign Affairs Office of Shenzhen. January 20, 2011. Archived from
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James W. Dearing (1995). Growing a Japanese Science City: Communication in Scientific Research. London: Routledge.
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Rivers: Kokai River, Sakura River, Higashiyata River, Nishiyata River, Ono River, Hanamuro River, Inari River.
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2581:"Tornado in Tsukuba rated as strongest ever : National : DAILY YOMIURI ONLINE (The Daily Yomiuri)"
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The local economy was traditionally based on rice production, and Tsukuba still has the largest area under
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Tsukuba Science City is a center for research and education in the city of Tsukuba, located northeast of
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EDGINGTON, DAVID W. (1989). "New strategies for technology development in Japanese cities and regions".
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surrounded by more than 240 private research facilities. Among the most prominent institutions are the
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Beginning in the 1960s, the area was designated for development. Construction of the city centre, the
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3074:[Friendly exchanges]. Foreign Affairs Office of Shenzhen. September 13, 2011. Archived from
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Garner, Cathy (2006). "Viewpoint: Science Cities: refreshing the concept for 21 st-century places".
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On November 30, 1987 the town of Yatabe merged with the neighboring towns of Ōho and Toyosato (from
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Bloom, Justin L.; Asano, Shinsuke (1981). "Tsukuba Science City: Japan Tries Planned Innovation".
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1909:– Yatabe Interchange, Tsukuba Junction, Yatabe-Higashi Parking Area, Sakura-Tsuchiura Interchange
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3018:[Friendly cities]. Foreign Affairs Office of Shenzhen. March 22, 2008. Archived from
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has a 45m-high observation deck and a Japanese style garden with flowers and a small pond.
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Per Japanese census data, the population of Tsukuba has increased rapidly since 1980.
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Normile, Dennis (1994). "Leo Esaki: An Outsider Brings a Culture Change to Tsukuba".
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Tsukuba Railway - Tsukuba Station Ruins. Tsukuba Railway, started 1918 suspended 1987
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2971:"A Message from the Peace Commission: Information on Cambridge's Sister Cities,"
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Growing a Japanese science city : communication in scientific research
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to the Tsukuba area. The campus of the university was modeled after the
1920:– Tsukuba-Chuo Interchange, Tsukuba Junction, Tsukuba-Ushiku Interchange
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2306: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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In order to promote the positive aspects of science and technology, an
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1971:– (Ken-Ō Expressway, is signed as National Route 468 as well as C4.)
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handicapped. There is also one private combined middle/high school.
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Climate data for Tsukuba (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1921−present)
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1579:. With the creation of the modern municipalities system after the
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National University Corporation Tsukuba University of Technology
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At the end of their courses, the Kokai River discharge into the
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2423:. Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo.
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2639:). Embassy of Brazil in Tokyo. Retrieved on October 13, 2015.
1999:
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600:, and the Sakura, Hanamuro and Ono rivers discharge into the
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190:
2002:. The idea of constructing the science city was by the late
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Gardens: Tsukuba Botanical Garden and Tsukuba Peony Garden.
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4711:
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4129:
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2125:
2991:"Looking to strengthen family ties with 'sister cities',"
2344:, progressive-electronic musician has a studio in Tsukuba
2133:
2071:
1634:
1583:
on April 1, 1889, the town Yatabe was established within
1688:
form of government with a directly elected mayor and a
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unfavorable as it lacks traditional Japanese culture.
2046:
travels from Tokyo to the Science City in 45 minutes.
19:
This article is about the city. For the district, see
1727:
1633:(1973; formerly Tokyo University of Education); the
3152:"University of Tsukuba Prospectus Hideki Shirakawa"
2813:"Tsukuba Express | JapanVisitor Japan Travel Guide"
499:. As of January 1, 2024, the city had an estimated
1797:
1555:has been a place of pilgrimage since at least the
2564:, "Tsukuba asked evacuees for radiation papers",
5185:
3271:
2727:
1981:Tsukuba Community Broadcast Inc. – Radio Tsukuba
1806:In addition, it has international schools, like
336:2530-2 Karima, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-8555
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2056:International Science and Technology Exposition
1984:Academic Newtown Community Cable Service (ACCS)
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513:
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39:
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4074:Cities in Japan with a population of 200,000+
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1635:High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
1606:, which at that time was the world's tallest
607:
3098:"University of Tsukuba Prospectus Leo Esaki"
2835:
2764:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2704:
2170:archaeological site (National Historic Site)
1759:has its main manufacturing plant in Tsukuba.
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1652:On April 1, 2007 Tsukuba was designated a
3003:, October 12, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-12.
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2458:
2456:
2447:"Ibaraki prefectural official statistics"
2439:
2322:Learn how and when to remove this message
2099:Hirasawa Kangai ruins archaeological site
112:Location of Tsukuba in Ibaraki Prefecture
2983:
2980:February 15, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-12.
2633:Escolas Brasileiras Homologadas no Japão
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2094:
1825:
1817:
1786:Graduate University for Advanced Studies
1718:
1667:On May 6, 2012, Tsukuba was struck by a
1639:National Institute for Materials Science
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2147:Cyberdyne Studio - Robotic technologies
1993:
558:Mountains: Mount Tsukuba, Mount Hokyo.
503:of 256,526 in 121,001 households and a
272:283.72 km (109.54 sq mi)
5186:
3189:from the original on December 20, 2017
2935:
2823:from the original on November 16, 2018
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2613:from the original on December 23, 2021
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1845:Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company
1451:
5175:List of mergers in Ibaraki Prefecture
4791:
4039:
3245:
3132:from the original on February 8, 2012
2534:from the original on October 24, 2020
555:with an altitude of 20 to 30 meters.
5209:Populated places established in 1889
3176:
2964:
2427:from the original on January 9, 2019
2304:adding citations to reliable sources
2275:
2151:
1988:
2025:University of California, San Diego
1768:
1617:)) and the village of Sakura (from
13:
2731:
2508:from the original on April 2, 2022
2476:from the original on April 2, 2022
1728:Companies headquartered in Tsukuba
1446:
14:
5225:
3204:
3125:「補償金もDRMも必要ない」――音楽家 平沢進氏の提言 (1/4)
2912:10.3828/tpr.60.1.2348803u1n3m4324
2386:, literary scholar and translator
2122:Tsukuba Expo Center – Planetarium
1830:Tsukuba Express - Tsukuba Station
1813:
399:Curtis f. aptera (Makino) H.Hara)
16:City in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
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2528:"Tsukuba population statistics"
2291:needs additional citations for
2107:Hōjō pond (Hōjō Ōike) in spring
1798:Primary and secondary education
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130:
3177:Helm, Leslie (July 13, 1991).
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2555:
2546:
2520:
2488:
2413:
1:
2869:10.1126/science.266.5190.1473
2682:10.1126/science.212.4500.1239
2407:
2181:Kanamura Wake Ikazuchi Shrine
2021:Tokyo University of Education
1679:
1661:Fukushima I nuclear accidents
1155:Average snowfall cm (inches)
5214:1889 establishments in Japan
5204:Planned communities in Japan
5199:Cities in Ibaraki Prefecture
3230:travel guide from Wikivoyage
2609:. Komori Corporation. 2019.
2078:
2062:
2013:
1808:Tsukuba International School
1763:
545:Narita International Airport
538:
432:One of the buildings at the
28:Special city in Kantō, Japan
7:
2732:W., Dearing, James (1995).
2390:
2272:Notable people from Tsukuba
2228:, United States, since 1984
2215:, United States, since 1996
2202:, United States, since 1989
1674:Japan Meteorological Agency
1416:Japan Meteorological Agency
1225:Average precipitation days
941:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
801:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
521:Tsukuba Kenkyū Gakuen Toshi
520:
479:
10:
5230:
2783:. Japan: Neko Publishing.
2779:Terada, Hirokazu (2013).
2397:List of technology centers
2111:
1895:
1834:
1707:
1547:
1421:
1413:
681:
662:
608:Surrounding municipalities
18:
5172:
5052:
4891:
4873:
4862:
4846:
4830:
4294:
4163:
4112:
4080:
4022:
3986:
3858:
3535:
3422:
3287:
3283:
1792:Tsukuba Gakuin University
1656:with increased autonomy.
1585:Tsukuba District, Ibaraki
1464:—
1366:
1318:
1271:
1224:
1154:
1080:
1010:
940:
870:
800:
730:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
669:humid continental climate
514:
473:
414:
404:
389:
379:
375:
370:
366:
352:
340:
332:
315:
300:
296:900/km (2,300/sq mi)
292:
281:
276:
265:
260:
249:
244:
236:
228:
220:
208:
196:
186:
151:
117:
105:
77:
58:
49:
40:
33:
21:Tsukuba District, Ibaraki
3128:(in Japanese). ITmedia.
3124:
3070:
3042:
3014:
2938:The Town Planning Review
2900:The Town Planning Review
2780:
2496:
2464:
2267:, China, friendship city
2226:Cambridge, Massachusetts
2177:(National Historic Site)
2140:Tsukuba Botanical Garden
1975:
535:developed in the 1960s.
171:36.083472°N 140.076444°E
37:
5060:Higashiibaraki District
1969:National Route 468
1959:National Route 408
1949:National Route 354
1939:National Route 125
1883:Mount Tsukuba Cable Car
221:First official recorded
3297:Special wards of Tokyo
2570:, 20 April 2011, p. 2.
2402:List of research parks
2350:, mixed martial artist
2108:
2100:
1878:Tsukuba Kankō Railway
1831:
1823:
1724:
464:
456:
446:
436:
425:
393:Hoshizaki-yukinoshita
2736:. London: Routledge.
2497:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
2449:(in Japanese). Japan.
2254:, Germany, since 2019
2106:
2098:
1929:National Route 6
1890:Mount Tsukuba Ropeway
1854:Stations in Tsukuba:
1829:
1821:
1775:University of Tsukuba
1745:SoftEther Corporation
1722:
1631:University of Tsukuba
1592:University of Tsukuba
1438:Historical population
462:
452:
442:
434:University of Tsukuba
431:
423:
397:Saxifraga stolonifera
176:36.083472; 140.076444
3988:Prefectural capitals
3219:at Wikimedia Commons
3078:on November 12, 2014
3050:on November 13, 2013
2817:www.japanvisitor.com
2362:, Nobel Prize winner
2338:, Nobel Prize winner
2300:improve this article
2241:, France, since 2013
2213:Milpitas, California
2168:Hirasawa Kanga ruins
2129:Tsukuba Space Center
1994:Tsukuba Science City
1694:Ibaraki 6th district
731:Record high °C (°F)
509:Tsukuba Science City
293: • Density
256:(from November 2016)
237:Tsukuba city settled
229:Tsukuba town settled
4113:1,000,000–1,999,999
4026:prefectural capital
3992:without designation
3273:Metropolitan cities
2861:1994Sci...266.1473N
2855:(5190): 1473–1474.
2674:1981Sci...212.1239B
2668:(4500): 1239–1247.
2368:, volleyball player
1439:
1272:Average snowy days
1011:Record low °C (°F)
871:Daily mean °C (°F)
612:Ibaraki Prefecture
326:Japan Standard Time
167: /
4824:Ibaraki Prefecture
4081:2,000,000 and more
2996:2016-03-03 at the
2989:Richard Thompson.
2976:2017-06-30 at the
2950:10.3828/tpr.77.5.1
2465:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
2200:Irvine, California
2109:
2101:
1832:
1824:
1757:Komori Corporation
1725:
1577:Tokugawa shogunate
1437:
505:population density
493:Ibaraki Prefecture
465:
457:
447:
437:
426:
250: • Mayor
5181:
5180:
5104:Kitasōma District
5082:Inashiki District
4841:
4785:
4784:
4033:
4032:
4018:
4017:
3993:
3424:Designated cities
3215:Media related to
3183:Los Angeles Times
3158:on April 22, 2008
3104:on April 22, 2008
2607:"About Our Plant"
2421:"UEA Code Tables"
2380:, baseball player
2332:
2331:
2324:
2163:Tsukubasan Shrine
2152:Other attractions
2144:Geological Museum
2050:Tsukuba Expo 1985
1989:Local attractions
1860:Bampaku-kinenkōen
1736:Japan (1980-2016)
1623:Inashiki District
1581:Meiji Restoration
1545:
1544:
1426:
1425:
1321:relative humidity
424:Tsukuba City Hall
418:
417:
240:November 30, 1987
5221:
5194:Tsukuba, Ibaraki
5140:Sashima District
4868:
4835:
4822:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4789:
4788:
4072:
4071:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4037:
4036:
3991:
3289:Tokyo Metropolis
3285:
3284:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3234:Official website
3226:
3217:Tsukuba, Ibaraki
3214:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3154:. Archived from
3148:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3100:. Archived from
3094:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3022:on July 19, 2014
3010:
3004:
2987:
2981:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2933:
2924:
2923:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2844:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2763:
2755:
2729:
2702:
2701:
2657:
2640:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2587:on June 15, 2012
2583:. Archived from
2577:
2571:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2460:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2417:
2384:Hitoshi Igarashi
2360:Hideki Shirakawa
2348:Mitsuhiro Ishida
2327:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2284:
2276:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2198:
2197:
2196:
1967:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1947:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1918:Ken-Ō Expressway
1916:
1915:
1907:Jōban Expressway
1905:
1904:
1877:
1843:
1788:, Tsukuba Campus
1777:, Tsukuba Campus
1769:Higher education
1723:Route in Tsukuba
1619:Niihari District
1615:Tsukuba District
1453:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1275:
1228:
679:
678:
602:Lake Kasumigaura
586:
575:
527:
526:
523:
517:
516:
486:
485:
482:
476:
475:
409:Japanese zelkova
400:
362:
361:
359:Official website
182:
181:
179:
178:
177:
172:
168:
165:
164:
163:
160:
133:
132:
126:
110:
95:
85:
63:
44:
43:
42:
31:
30:
5229:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5218:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5168:
5048:
4887:
4869:
4860:
4842:
4826:
4816:
4786:
4781:
4652:Kure, Hiroshima
4317:Ichikawa, Chiba
4295:200,000–499,999
4290:
4164:500,000–999,999
4159:
4108:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4034:
4029:
4014:
3990:
3982:
3854:
3531:
3418:
3279:
3270:
3236:
3207:
3202:
3192:
3190:
3175:
3171:
3161:
3159:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3081:
3079:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3053:
3051:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2998:Wayback Machine
2988:
2984:
2978:Wayback Machine
2969:
2965:
2934:
2927:
2896:
2892:
2845:
2836:
2826:
2824:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2791:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2757:
2756:
2744:
2730:
2705:
2658:
2643:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2614:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2509:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2454:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2428:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2393:
2374:, sumo wrestler
2372:Minanogawa Tōzō
2342:Susumu Hirasawa
2328:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2297:
2285:
2274:
2259:
2257:
2246:
2244:
2233:
2231:
2220:
2218:
2207:
2205:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2154:
2136:Exhibition Hall
2114:
2081:
2065:
2044:Tsukuba Express
2016:
1996:
1991:
1978:
1964:
1954:
1944:
1934:
1924:
1913:
1902:
1898:
1849:Tsukuba Express
1837:
1816:
1800:
1771:
1766:
1753:
1730:
1710:
1682:
1647:vacuum chambers
1550:
1432:
1427:
1422:Source 2: 理科年表
1273:
1226:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
665:
610:
580:
569:
541:
524:
511:
483:
470:
444:Tsukuba Express
394:
357:
356:
254:Tatsuo Igarashi
175:
173:
169:
166:
161:
158:
156:
154:
153:
147:
146:
145:
144:
141:
140:
139:
138:
134:
113:
101:
100:
99:
98:
89:
88:
73:
54:
45:
38:
36:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5227:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5165:
5164:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5113:
5112:
5111:
5101:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5056:
5054:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4852:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4815:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4792:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4597:Ibaraki, Osaka
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4040:
4031:
4030:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3860:Special cities
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3293:
3291:
3281:
3280:
3269:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3231:
3220:
3206:
3205:External links
3203:
3201:
3200:
3169:
3143:
3115:
3089:
3061:
3033:
3005:
2982:
2963:
2925:
2890:
2834:
2804:
2789:
2771:
2742:
2703:
2641:
2624:
2598:
2572:
2554:
2545:
2519:
2487:
2452:
2438:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2354:Yasuaki Kurata
2351:
2345:
2339:
2330:
2329:
2288:
2286:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2255:
2242:
2229:
2216:
2203:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2123:
2120:
2113:
2110:
2080:
2077:
2064:
2061:
2015:
2012:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1961:
1951:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1910:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1871:
1870:
1836:
1833:
1815:
1814:Transportation
1812:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1740:Cyberdyne Inc.
1737:
1729:
1726:
1709:
1706:
1684:Tsukuba has a
1681:
1678:
1659:Following the
1573:feudal domains
1549:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1369:sunshine hours
1364:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
938:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
868:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
798:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
728:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
684:
683:
677:
667:Tsukuba has a
664:
661:
660:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
609:
606:
540:
537:
463:Tsukuba Shrine
416:
415:
412:
411:
406:
402:
401:
391:
387:
386:
381:
377:
376:
373:
372:
368:
367:
364:
363:
354:
350:
349:
344:
338:
337:
334:
330:
329:
319:
313:
312:
305:
298:
297:
294:
290:
289:
286:
279:
278:
274:
273:
270:
263:
262:
258:
257:
251:
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242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
212:
206:
205:
200:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
149:
148:
142:
136:
135:
128:
127:
121:
120:
119:
118:
115:
114:
111:
103:
102:
96:
90:
86:
80:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:Tsukuba Center
64:
56:
55:
50:
47:
46:
34:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5226:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5176:
5171:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5157:Yūki District
5155:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5128:Naka District
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5117:
5116:Kuji District
5114:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
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5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
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4990:
4987:
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4977:
4975:
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4965:
4962:
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4955:
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4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
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4902:
4900:
4897:
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4890:
4884:
4881:
4880:
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4876:
4872:
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4839:
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4708:
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4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
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4608:
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4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4522:Nakano, Tokyo
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
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4097:
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4079:
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4027:
4021:
4011:
4008:
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3998:
3997:
3995:
3989:
3985:
3979:
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3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
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3776:
3773:
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3768:
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3728:
3726:
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3713:
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3708:
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3703:
3701:
3698:
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3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
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3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
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3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
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3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
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3543:
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3540:
3538:
3534:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3262:
3260:
3255:
3253:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3131:
3127:
3119:
3103:
3099:
3093:
3077:
3073:
3065:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3021:
3017:
3009:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2967:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2930:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2790:9784777013364
2786:
2781:データブック日本の私鉄 .
2775:
2767:
2761:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2743:9780203210581
2739:
2735:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2549:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2491:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2442:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2412:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2378:Hiroki Yamada
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2366:Haruka Sunada
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2323:
2315:
2312:February 2014
2305:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2289:This section
2287:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2266:
2256:
2253:
2243:
2240:
2230:
2227:
2217:
2214:
2204:
2201:
2191:
2190:
2187:Sister cities
2182:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2158:Mount Tsukuba
2156:
2155:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1970:
1962:
1960:
1952:
1950:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1930:
1922:
1919:
1911:
1908:
1900:
1899:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1869:
1865:
1864:Kenkyū-gakuen
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1828:
1820:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1751:Manufacturing
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1702:Diet of Japan
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1686:mayor-council
1677:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1571:, one of the
1570:
1569:Yatabe Domain
1566:
1565:Hosokawa clan
1562:
1559:. During the
1558:
1554:
1553:Mount Tsukuba
1540:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1435:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:Mean monthly
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1223:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1084:
1083:precipitation
1079:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
939:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
869:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
799:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
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550:
549:Mount Tsukuba
546:
536:
534:
531:
522:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
481:
469:
461:
455:
454:Mount Tsukuba
451:
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232:April 1, 1889
231:
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185:
180:
152:Coordinates:
150:
125:
116:
109:
104:
94:
84:
76:
72:
68:
67:Mount Tsukuba
62:
57:
53:
48:
32:
26:
22:
5034:Tsukubamirai
4919:Hitachiōmiya
4882:
4875:Special city
4731:
4647:Fuchū, Tokyo
4281:Higashiōsaka
3967:
3610:Higashiōsaka
3237:(in English)
3191:. Retrieved
3182:
3172:
3162:February 28,
3160:. Retrieved
3156:the original
3146:
3134:. Retrieved
3118:
3108:February 28,
3106:. Retrieved
3102:the original
3092:
3080:. Retrieved
3076:the original
3064:
3052:. Retrieved
3048:the original
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3020:the original
3008:
3001:Boston Globe
3000:
2985:
2966:
2941:
2937:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2852:
2848:
2825:. Retrieved
2816:
2807:
2774:
2733:
2665:
2661:
2627:
2617:December 30,
2615:. Retrieved
2601:
2589:. Retrieved
2585:the original
2575:
2565:
2557:
2548:
2538:November 15,
2536:. Retrieved
2522:
2510:. Retrieved
2490:
2478:. Retrieved
2441:
2429:. Retrieved
2415:
2318:
2309:
2298:Please help
2293:verification
2290:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2066:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2017:
1997:
1872:
1838:
1805:
1801:
1714:paddy fields
1711:
1683:
1666:
1658:
1654:Special city
1651:
1643:
1627:
1612:
1608:Ferris wheel
1604:Technocosmos
1599:world's fair
1589:
1557:Heian period
1551:
1433:
1430:Demographics
1085:mm (inches)
672:
666:
617:Tsukubamirai
611:
595:
592:
589:
578:Matsumi Park
563:
560:
557:
542:
533:science park
508:
467:
466:
284:Special city
268:Special city
162:140°4′35.2″E
52:Special city
25:
4974:Kitaibaraki
4969:Kasumigaura
4914:Hitachinaka
4572:Shimonoseki
4307:Nishinomiya
3780:Shimonoseki
3755:Nishinomiya
3537:Core cities
3193:January 24,
3136:February 3,
2944:(5): i–vi.
2906:(1): 1–27.
2827:October 30,
2567:Japan Times
2431:January 26,
2004:Ichiro Kono
1698:lower house
581: [
570: [
553:Kantō Plain
491:located in
480:Tsukuba-shi
174: /
5188:Categories
5014:Shimotsuma
5009:Sakuragawa
4924:Hitachiōta
4767:Nishitokyo
4727:Ōta, Gunma
4717:Takarazuka
4482:Tokorozawa
4417:Ichinomiya
4352:Katsushika
4286:Utsunomiya
4206:Sagamihara
4171:Kitakyushu
3963:Tokorozawa
3958:Takarazuka
3830:Utsunomiya
3625:Ichinomiya
3497:Sagamihara
3457:Kitakyushu
3337:Katsushika
2562:Jiji Press
2408:References
2175:Oda Castle
1690:unicameral
1680:Government
1561:Edo period
1414:Source 1:
1227:(≥ 1.0 mm)
637:Sakuragawa
627:Shimotsuma
598:Tone River
501:population
277:Population
245:Government
210:Prefecture
159:36°5′0.5″N
5075:Shirosato
5053:Districts
5029:Tsuchiura
5004:Ryūgasaki
4848:Core city
4772:Kishiwada
4697:Matsumoto
4692:Chigasaki
4657:Hachinohe
4627:Hiratsuka
4617:Tokushima
4562:Fukushima
4532:Yokkaichi
4507:Koshigaya
4457:Asahikawa
4452:Shinagawa
4447:Takatsuki
4412:Toyohashi
4372:Takamatsu
4332:Amagasaki
4312:Kurashiki
4276:Matsuyama
4256:Kawaguchi
4246:Funabashi
4241:Kagoshima
4196:Hamamatsu
4150:Hiroshima
4090:(capital)
4010:Yamaguchi
4005:Tokushima
3978:Yokkaichi
3918:Kishiwada
3883:Hiratsuka
3873:Chigasaki
3815:Toyohashi
3800:Takatsuki
3790:Takamatsu
3710:Matsuyama
3705:Matsumoto
3680:Kurashiki
3675:Koshigaya
3655:Kawaguchi
3635:Kagoshima
3595:Hachinohe
3585:Funabashi
3575:Fukushima
3565:Asahikawa
3555:Amagasaki
3447:Hiroshima
3442:Hamamatsu
3387:Shinagawa
3082:August 7,
3054:August 7,
3043:国际友好城市一览表
3026:August 7,
2799:840099891
2760:cite book
2752:647375233
2336:Leo Esaki
2079:Criticism
2068:Leo Esaki
2063:Leo Esaki
2008:Leo Esaki
1764:Education
657:Ryūgasaki
647:Tsuchiura
567:Dōhō Park
539:Geography
317:Time zone
307:843,402 (
5019:Takahagi
4994:Namegata
4934:Inashiki
4904:Chikusei
4757:Kumagaya
4687:Kasukabe
4667:Neyagawa
4637:Yamagata
4612:Kakogawa
4587:Hakodate
4582:Ichihara
4527:Shinjuku
4512:Maebashi
4477:Kōriyama
4472:Takasaki
4432:Miyazaki
4422:Wakayama
4402:Toyonaka
4392:Fujisawa
4387:Hirakata
4357:Yokosuka
4342:Nagasaki
4337:Kanazawa
4327:Fukuyama
4271:Itabashi
4266:Suginami
4251:Hachiōji
4226:Kumamoto
4201:Shizuoka
4181:Setagaya
4140:Kawasaki
4094:Yokohama
3923:Kumagaya
3913:Kasukabe
3903:Kakogawa
3850:Yokosuka
3845:Yamagata
3835:Wakayama
3820:Toyonaka
3795:Takasaki
3750:Neyagawa
3740:Nagasaki
3715:Miyazaki
3695:Maebashi
3670:Kōriyama
3640:Kanazawa
3620:Hirakata
3605:Hakodate
3600:Hachiōji
3580:Fukuyama
3527:Yokohama
3522:Shizuoka
3467:Kumamoto
3452:Kawasaki
3397:Suginami
3392:Shinjuku
3377:Setagaya
3332:Itabashi
3187:Archived
3130:Archived
2994:Archived
2974:Archived
2958:41229022
2920:27798156
2885:17841701
2821:Archived
2698:17738819
2611:Archived
2591:June 10,
2532:Archived
2512:April 2,
2506:Archived
2480:April 2,
2474:Archived
2425:Archived
2391:See also
2265:Shenzhen
2239:Grenoble
2173:Site of
1856:Midorino
1596:Expo '85
1409:2,014.5
1319:Average
1274:(≥ 1 cm)
1150:(52.20)
1081:Average
796:(100.0)
771:(100.0)
671:(Köppen
632:Chikusei
515:筑波研究学園都市
384:Ural owl
65:View of
5162:Yachiyo
5092:Kawachi
5065:Ibaraki
4999:Omitama
4964:Kashima
4939:Ishioka
4909:Hitachi
4883:Tsukuba
4838:capital
4777:Tottori
4762:Isesaki
4747:Shibuya
4732:Tsukuba
4632:Toshima
4577:Nagaoka
4552:Morioka
4547:Kasugai
4487:Kawagoe
4427:Okazaki
4397:Kashiwa
4377:Machida
4302:Matsudo
4231:Edogawa
4216:Okayama
4191:Niigata
4145:Saitama
4125:Fukuoka
4120:Sapporo
4024:also a
3968:Tsukuba
3938:Odawara
3928:Nagaoka
3908:Kasugai
3893:Isesaki
3888:Ibaraki
3805:Tottori
3765:Okazaki
3725:Morioka
3650:Kawagoe
3645:Kashiwa
3512:Sapporo
3502:Saitama
3487:Okayama
3482:Niigata
3437:Fukuoka
3407:Toshima
3382:Shibuya
3327:Edogawa
3317:Chiyoda
3307:Arakawa
3228:Tsukuba
2877:2885161
2857:Bibcode
2849:Science
2690:1685782
2670:Bibcode
2662:Science
2637:Archive
2356:, actor
2112:Museums
2014:History
1896:Highway
1868:Tsukuba
1835:Railway
1708:Economy
1700:of the
1696:of the
1669:tornado
1575:of the
1548:History
1538:241,656
1527:214,590
1516:191,814
1505:168,466
1494:127,402
1145:(1.91)
1140:(3.11)
1135:(7.62)
1130:(7.39)
1125:(4.65)
1120:(5.30)
1115:(5.19)
1110:(5.11)
1105:(4.32)
1100:(3.76)
1095:(1.85)
1090:(1.99)
1071:(10.6)
1066:(18.0)
1061:(29.5)
1056:(41.0)
1051:(53.6)
1046:(49.6)
1041:(42.3)
1036:(27.3)
1031:(20.5)
1026:(11.1)
1006:(48.8)
1001:(31.1)
996:(41.4)
991:(53.8)
986:(65.3)
981:(71.8)
976:(69.8)
971:(62.4)
966:(54.1)
961:(44.4)
956:(35.1)
951:(28.8)
946:(27.0)
936:(57.7)
931:(41.5)
926:(50.9)
921:(61.9)
916:(72.1)
911:(78.6)
906:(76.3)
901:(69.4)
896:(63.3)
891:(55.0)
886:(45.9)
881:(39.6)
876:(37.6)
866:(67.3)
861:(52.7)
856:(61.3)
851:(70.3)
846:(80.2)
841:(87.1)
836:(84.4)
831:(77.4)
826:(72.9)
821:(65.7)
816:(56.5)
811:(50.4)
806:(48.7)
791:(75.9)
786:(78.4)
781:(90.9)
776:(98.4)
766:(99.1)
761:(96.1)
756:(93.4)
751:(83.8)
746:(79.9)
741:(76.1)
736:(72.0)
663:Climate
642:Ishioka
530:planned
468:Tsukuba
371:Symbols
353:Website
342:Climate
333:Address
288:256,526
215:Ibaraki
187:Country
137:Tsukuba
35:Tsukuba
5039:Ushiku
5024:Toride
4984:Moriya
4959:Kasama
4954:Kamisu
4929:Hokota
4892:Cities
4752:Minato
4742:Joetsu
4737:Numazu
4707:Yamato
4702:Atsugi
4677:Sumida
4642:Sasebo
4607:Meguro
4557:Akashi
4542:Kurume
4537:Aomori
4407:Nagano
4367:Toyota
4362:Toyama
4261:Himeji
4236:Adachi
4211:Nerima
4155:Sendai
4104:Nagoya
3973:Yamato
3933:Numazu
3898:Jōetsu
3868:Atsugi
3825:Toyota
3810:Toyama
3775:Sasebo
3735:Nagano
3700:Matsue
3690:Kurume
3615:Himeji
3560:Aomori
3545:Akashi
3517:Sendai
3477:Nagoya
3402:Sumida
3367:Nerima
3362:Nakano
3357:Minato
3352:Meguro
3312:Bunkyō
3302:Adachi
2956:
2918:
2883:
2875:
2797:
2787:
2750:
2740:
2696:
2688:
2252:Bochum
1541:+12.6%
1530:+11.9%
1519:+13.9%
1508:+32.2%
1497:+63.1%
1483:78,110
1472:82,423
1461:91,173
1406:185.7
1403:153.6
1400:138.4
1397:136.4
1394:182.8
1391:152.8
1388:129.3
1385:182.8
1382:181.4
1379:182.6
1376:181.8
1373:206.8
1267:100.2
1220:(5.1)
1215:(0.4)
1170:(0.4)
1165:(2.0)
1160:(2.4)
1076:(1.4)
1021:(1.4)
1016:(5.4)
687:Month
652:Ushiku
390:Flower
224:180 AD
198:Region
143:
5150:Sakai
5133:Tōkai
5121:Daigo
5070:Ōarai
4944:Itako
4899:Bandō
4722:Chōfu
4602:Fukui
4497:Akita
4467:Kochi
4462:Iwaki
4442:Suita
4186:Sakai
4176:Chiba
4135:Kyoto
4099:Osaka
4088:Tokyo
3785:Suita
3660:Kōchi
3630:Iwaki
3570:Fukui
3550:Akita
3507:Sakai
3492:Osaka
3472:Kyoto
3432:Chiba
3412:Taitō
3277:Japan
2954:JSTOR
2916:JSTOR
2873:JSTOR
2686:JSTOR
2000:Tokyo
1976:Media
1734:Intel
1535:2020
1524:2010
1513:2000
1502:1990
1491:1980
1486:−5.2%
1480:1970
1475:−9.6%
1469:1960
1458:1950
1258:10.5
1255:10.4
1249:10.4
1246:11.4
1243:10.2
1148:1,326
1133:193.5
1128:187.6
1123:118.2
1118:134.6
1113:131.8
1108:129.8
1103:109.8
1074:−17.0
1069:−11.9
1024:−11.6
1019:−17.0
1014:−14.8
726:Year
585:]
574:]
497:Japan
487:is a
322:UTC+9
303:Metro
203:Kantō
191:Japan
5145:Goka
5109:Tone
5097:Miho
5044:Yūki
4989:Naka
4979:Koga
4949:Jōsō
4856:Mito
4833:Mito
4712:Ageo
4682:Fuji
4672:Sōka
4662:Saga
4622:Mito
4517:Naha
4502:Ōtsu
4492:Kita
4437:Nara
4382:Gifu
4347:Kōtō
4322:Oita
4130:Kobe
3953:Sōka
3948:Saga
3878:Fuji
3770:Ōtsu
3760:Ōita
3745:Nara
3730:Naha
3720:Mito
3685:Kure
3665:Kōfu
3590:Gifu
3462:Kobe
3347:Kōtō
3342:Kita
3322:Chūō
3195:2023
3164:2013
3138:2013
3110:2013
3084:2013
3071:友好交流
3056:2013
3028:2013
3015:友好城市
2881:PMID
2829:2018
2795:OCLC
2785:ISBN
2766:link
2748:OCLC
2738:ISBN
2694:PMID
2619:2019
2593:2012
2540:2020
2514:2022
2482:2022
2433:2019
2126:JAXA
1447:Pop.
1443:Year
1323:(%)
1314:3.1
1311:0.2
1284:0.3
1281:1.3
1278:1.3
1264:5.0
1261:7.1
1252:7.1
1240:9.8
1237:9.0
1234:5.0
1231:4.3
1210:(0)
1205:(0)
1200:(0)
1195:(0)
1190:(0)
1185:(0)
1180:(0)
1175:(0)
1143:48.5
1138:79.1
1098:95.5
1093:47.1
1088:50.6
1064:−7.8
1059:−1.4
1049:12.0
1034:−2.6
1029:−6.4
999:−0.5
989:12.1
984:18.5
979:22.1
974:21.0
969:16.9
964:12.3
949:−1.8
944:−2.8
934:14.3
924:10.5
919:16.6
914:22.3
909:25.9
904:24.6
899:20.8
894:17.4
889:12.8
864:19.6
859:11.5
854:16.3
849:21.3
844:26.8
839:30.6
834:29.1
829:25.2
824:22.7
819:18.7
814:13.6
809:10.2
794:37.8
789:24.4
784:25.8
779:32.7
774:36.9
769:37.8
764:37.3
759:35.6
754:34.1
749:28.8
744:26.6
739:24.5
734:22.2
723:Dec
720:Nov
717:Oct
714:Sep
711:Aug
708:Jul
705:Jun
702:May
699:Apr
696:Mar
693:Feb
690:Jan
622:Jōsō
528:, a
489:city
474:つくば市
405:Tree
380:Bird
309:19th
261:Area
97:Seal
87:Flag
69:and
41:つくば市
5087:Ami
4592:Yao
4567:Tsu
4221:Ōta
4000:Tsu
3943:Ōta
3840:Yao
3372:Ōta
3275:of
2946:doi
2908:doi
2865:doi
2853:266
2678:doi
2666:212
2635:" (
2502:JMA
2470:JMA
2302:by
2134:KEK
2072:IBM
1567:at
1362:74
1359:70
1356:78
1353:81
1350:82
1347:81
1344:82
1341:81
1338:75
1335:70
1332:66
1329:63
1326:64
1054:5.0
1044:9.8
1039:5.7
1004:9.3
994:5.2
959:6.9
954:1.7
929:5.3
884:7.7
879:4.2
874:3.1
804:9.3
673:Cfa
347:Cfa
5190::
3185:.
3181:.
2952:.
2942:77
2940:.
2928:^
2914:.
2904:60
2902:.
2879:.
2871:.
2863:.
2851:.
2837:^
2819:.
2815:.
2793:.
2762:}}
2758:{{
2746:.
2706:^
2692:.
2684:.
2676:.
2664:.
2644:^
2530:.
2504:.
2500:.
2472:.
2468:.
2455:^
1866:-
1862:-
1858:-
1847:–
1704:.
1610:.
1587:.
1452:±%
1308:0
1305:0
1302:0
1299:0
1296:0
1293:0
1290:0
1287:0
1218:13
604:.
583:ja
572:ja
547:.
518:,
495:,
477:,
4840:)
4836:(
4811:e
4804:t
4797:v
4059:e
4052:t
4045:v
3265:e
3258:t
3251:v
3197:.
3166:.
3140:.
3112:.
3086:.
3058:.
3030:.
2960:.
2948::
2922:.
2910::
2887:.
2867::
2859::
2831:.
2801:.
2768:)
2754:.
2700:.
2680::
2672::
2631:"
2621:.
2595:.
2542:.
2516:.
2484:.
2435:.
2325:)
2319:(
2314:)
2310:(
2296:.
1213:1
1208:0
1203:0
1198:0
1193:0
1188:0
1183:0
1178:0
1173:0
1168:1
1163:5
1158:6
525:)
512:(
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