62:
366:
629:
38:
771:
380:
Another etymology could recall the ancient greek expression "pan" with "ther", which is "great" or "all-beast", already used in ancient times (see the latin word "Panther", often used to refer to occupying troop soldiers of Roman Empire and root of the German word "Panzer" itself).
737:
The original organization of the unit was retained until 1745, when it was transformed into a Pandur regiment following Trenck's petition to the empress. Trenck was relieved of command in 1746 and tried for unspecified "acts of violence". He was imprisoned in
725:
The
Pandurs earned a reputation for being brave and audacious, as well as feared and ruthless soldiers, looting and pillaging, but also characterized by disobedience, breaches of military discipline and stubbornness. On the other hand, the City of
287:. The Pandurs earned a reputation as brave, audacious, feared and ruthless soldiers, known for looting and pillaging. They were prone to disobedience, breaches of military discipline and stubbornness. The city of
815:
troop was established out of members of the band. Also, a Trenck festival is held annually in Waldmünchen, commemorating the events of 1742, when the city was spared by Trenck from destruction.
291:, located near Cham, celebrates the Pandurs and Trenck as the city's saviors for sparing the city from destruction in 1742. The Pandurs' and Trenck's heritage is also preserved in the city of
1626:
343:) meaning to chase or scare away. The meaning of the Hungarian loanword was expanded to guards in general, including law enforcement officers. The word was likely ultimately derived from
783:
The achievements of the
Pandurs led by Trenck left a lasting mark on the culture and heritage of Croatia as well as Bavaria. An example of the unit's legacy is found in the village of
220:
appearance. The original organization of the unit was retained until 1745, when it transformed into a regiment. Trenck was relieved of command in 1746 and imprisoned in
1704:
1203:
1574:
427:
rule there in the early 19th century. The term has dropped from official use for law enforcement officials, but it is still used colloquially in
Croatia and the
827:
1719:
687:
264:
1630:
331:, though the nasal in place of the "u" suggests a borrowing before Croatian innovated its own reflex for Proto-Slavic /ɔ̃/. "Pudar" is still applied to
730:, located near Cham, celebrates the Pandurs and Trenck as their savior for sparing the city from destruction in 1742. Since 1950, the city organizes a
1729:
204:, and named after security guards otherwise employed to maintain public order. The Pandurs were presented to the empress in May 1741 with the unit's
1344:
483:
on 27 February 1741, permitting Trenck to raise a 1,000-strong troop. The unit was largely composed of men enlisted as volunteers from areas of the
799:
manor once owned by Trenck, which was replaced by another structure in the late 18th or early 19th centuries. Pandur heritage is preserved by the
1235:
914:
667:
252:
1423:
784:
1426:[53rd Zagreb infantry regiment: commemorative medals, insignia and pennant in collection of the Museum of the city of Zagreb]
1679:
1093:
1724:
1582:
1497:
1471:
1629:[20th anniversary of Special police unit "Trenk" Požega] (in Croatian). Radio Požega. 14 October 2011. Archived from
1173:
1207:
1694:
1684:
1063:
1699:
1548:
1071:
954:
695:
1358:
1320:
1286:
1164:[Village guards and field police in mainland Dalmatia (between 1814 and the second half of the 19th cent.)].
1137:
1103:
1040:
996:
811:) military band—the official music band of the city of Požega—established on 28 January 1881. In 1997, an eponymous
818:
The military unit and its leader also give their names to a modern armed force unit and modern military equipment.
743:
1393:
759:
229:
639:
236:
117:
1245:
1032:
924:
1500:[Baron Trenck's manor, Trenkovo] (in Croatian). Municipality of Velika Tourist Board. Archived from
831:
787:—named after the commander of the Pandurs in 1912. The village is located in area of Trenck's former
224:, where he died in 1749. The unit ultimately transformed into the 53rd Infantry Regiment, headquartered in
1734:
1350:
859:
488:
201:
1689:
1161:
632:
464:
401:
185:
142:
1249:
928:
777:
365:
1709:
1527:
480:
193:
1424:"53. zagrebačka pješačka pukovnija: spomen-medalje, znak i značka iz fundusa Muzeja grada Zagreba"
754:
started, the battalion was reformed into the 53rd
Infantry Regiment and its headquarters moved to
1714:
1443:
555:
1206:[Croatian cops and Serbian mischiefs] (in Croatian). Portal dnevno d.o.o. Archived from
694:
from
Bavarian defenders, completely destroying Cham to secure access for Habsburg troops led by
731:
416:
1162:"Seoske straže i poljsko redarstvo u kopnenoj Dalmaciji (od 1814. do druge polovine XIX. st.)"
1474:[Trenck festival in Waldmünchen] (in German). The city of Waldmünchen. Archived from
758:
ending history of the
Pandurs. Still, the regiment kept its Pandur lineage alive through its
587:
508:
762:
bearing Trenck's image wearing Pandur attire. The regiment was disbanded in
January 1919.
8:
751:
719:
484:
385:
284:
197:
1388:
628:
889:
851:
835:
663:
659:
316:
173:
1578:
792:
739:
374:
292:
221:
1435:
1354:
1316:
1282:
1177:
1133:
1099:
1036:
1022:
966:
804:
607:
512:
460:
324:
181:
157:
66:
61:
991:
1501:
1475:
432:
1310:
1272:
1240:
1127:
1026:
1001:
962:
919:
788:
523:
472:
428:
424:
332:
165:
682:, where they defeated French troops before taking part in Austrian recapture of
1607:[Pandur Trenck at Trenck Waldmünchen]. Trenckfestspiele Waldmünchen e.V
1392:
1028:
The
Diaries of Giacomo Meyerbeer: The Prussian years and Le Prophète, 1840–1849
884:
819:
812:
711:
622:
599:
551:
527:
526:
for the empress on 27 May 1741. The unit was headed by Trenck and included two
370:
344:
300:
280:
177:
84:
1523:
727:
288:
1673:
1652:
1552:
1439:
1181:
970:
707:
691:
655:
643:
591:
539:
439:. The unit raised and led by Trenck is also referred to more specifically as
268:
240:
217:
209:
205:
122:
1404:] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Dionička tiskara. pp. 136–137 – via
392:
who patrolled roads and pursued criminals. In 1740, the term was applied to
611:
603:
531:
393:
1021:
335:
protecting crops in vineyards and fields, and it was coined from the verb
594:
in Europe according to Jurica Miletić. The
Pandurs did not have specific
405:
88:
413:
1627:"20.obljetnica utemeljenja Specijalne jedinice policije "Trenk" Požega"
1405:
864:
679:
535:
456:
260:
1577:[A baron Trenck commemorative plaque unveiled] (in Croatian).
647:
244:
19:
This article is about the
Habsburg military unit. For other uses, see
839:
774:
747:
651:
571:
563:
547:
543:
420:
409:
397:
320:
248:
1604:
1551:[About us] (in Croatian). Trenkovi panduri. Archived from
703:
272:
855:
796:
699:
618:
614:
595:
504:
500:
468:
355:
296:
213:
189:
1346:
South Slav nationalisms—textbooks and Yugoslav Union before 1914
714:, where they looted a Prussian war chest containing 80,000
37:
874:
869:
770:
755:
683:
671:
579:
567:
519:
492:
389:
359:
276:
225:
20:
196:
in 1741. The unit was largely composed of volunteers from the
879:
715:
575:
559:
496:
419:. The role of the pandurs as security guards was extended to
283:, the unit looted a Prussian war chest and the belongings of
1575:"Otkrivena spomen ploča za sjećanje na baruna Franju Trenka"
1308:
795:, Croatia, where the baron lived. It was the location of a
675:
256:
1434:(in Croatian) (61). Croatian Numismatic Society: 278–289.
384:
By the middle of the 18th century, law enforcement in the
602:. Their oriental appearance was compounded by mandatory
718:, as well as weapons, horses and a tent belonging to
686:. By the end of that year, the Pandurs had captured
443:, and less frequently in Croatia than elsewhere, as
243:. They contributed to the capture or destruction of
1466:
1464:
1095:
The Croatian-Slavonian kingdom, 1526–1792, Opseg 21
662:, and defending a bridgehead near Vienna after the
617:instead of a unit banner. Each Pandur carried four
1705:Military units and formations established in 1741
1312:Command Failure in War: Psychology and Leadership
228:, until it was disbanded in 1919. The regiment's
1671:
1461:
1421:
1342:
1166:Radovi Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru
1201:
1091:
750:battalion on 22 December 1748. In 1756, as the
666:. In 1742, the Pandurs took part in capture of
1270:
1233:
912:
702:. In 1743, the Pandurs led by Trenck captured
1229:
1227:
1225:
1125:
1720:1741 establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
1159:
952:
908:
906:
904:
1526:[Franz Trenck dies] (in Croatian).
1387:
948:
946:
232:bear Trenck's image wearing Pandur attire.
1417:
1415:
1281:] (in German). C.H.Beck. p. 110.
1222:
36:
901:
734:of the event involving about 300 actors.
354:, meaning either a guardian of fields or
1730:18th-century military history of Croatia
1653:"Steyr gives up on a part of the tender"
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1279:Der Krieg in der europäischen Geschichte
943:
769:
627:
364:
1412:
1315:. Indiana University Press. p. 9.
917:[In service of Maria Theresa].
315:made its way into military use via the
1672:
1309:Robert A. Pois; Philip Langer (2004).
1119:
957:[Manors, guards and pandurs].
746:, the regiment was transformed into a
16:Unit of Habsburg light infantry, 1740s
1374:
1174:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
1066:[History of Karlovac police]
574:, and twelve musicians equipped with
499:. The Pandurs saw military action in
1202:Marko Lopuština (28 December 2010).
1025:; Robert Ignatius Letellier (1999).
598:as their clothes varied but were of
1605:"Trenck der Pandur vor Waldmünchen"
1204:"Hrvatski panduri i srpski mangupi"
742:, where he died in 1749. After the
212:in Europe. The Pandurs did not use
208:earning them a claim of pioneering
13:
1072:Ministry of the Interior (Croatia)
14:
1746:
1581:. 4 November 2011. Archived from
1498:"Dvorac Baruna Trenka , Trenkovo"
1472:"Trenckfestspiele in Waldmünchen"
997:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
625:, and a small utilitarian knife.
590:, and are considered pioneers of
303:troop and city music band exist.
1238:[From glory to defeat].
1132:. Osprey Publishing. p. 5.
1129:Austrian Frontier Troops 1740-98
953:Nives Opačić (6 December 2007).
840:Pandur armoured fighting vehicle
828:formed in Požega on 8 March 1991
582:. The musicians were called the
60:
1645:
1619:
1597:
1567:
1541:
1516:
1490:
1402:Croatian history, Second volume
1336:
1302:
1264:
710:, the Pandurs took part in the
696:Ludwig Andreas von Khevenhüller
323:, in turn originating from the
1680:War of the Austrian Succession
1195:
1160:Tado Oršolić (December 2007).
1153:
1085:
1064:"Povijest karlovačke policije"
1056:
1015:
984:
646:. They took part in capturing
640:War of the Austrian Succession
319:—being used in Hungarian as a
237:War of the Austrian Succession
123:First and Second Silesian Wars
118:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
1725:Army of the Habsburg monarchy
1246:Ministry of Defence (Croatia)
1234:Jurica Miletić (April 2006).
1033:Associated University Presses
955:"Kurije, vinciliri i panduri"
925:Ministry of Defence (Croatia)
913:Jurica Miletić (April 2006).
895:
610:, as well as by the use of a
241:First and Second Silesian War
235:The Pandurs took part in the
1395:Hrvatska povijest, drugi dio
832:Croatian War of Independence
408:Frontier), specifically its
306:
7:
1695:Military history of Croatia
1685:Croatia under Habsburg rule
1351:Ohio State University Press
860:Wallachian uprising of 1821
845:
489:Slavonian Military Frontier
423:after the establishment of
388:included county pandurs or
202:Slavonian Military Frontier
10:
1751:
1700:Military history of Serbia
915:"U službi Marije Terezije"
633:Baron Franz von der Trenck
465:Baron Franz von der Trenck
450:
402:Croatian Military Frontier
186:Baron Franz von der Trenck
143:Baron Franz von der Trenck
42:Croatian pandurs from 1742
18:
1422:Kristian Strukić (2008).
1343:Charles Jelavich (1990).
778:infantry fighting vehicle
765:
638:The Pandurs took part in
136:
131:
110:
102:
94:
80:
72:
55:
47:
35:
30:
1655:. limun.hr. 12 July 2007
1528:Croatian Radiotelevision
1236:"Od počasti do propasti"
1092:Stanko Guldescu (1970).
481:Maria Theresa of Austria
431:in a manner akin to the
194:Maria Theresa of Austria
1274:War in European History
1271:Michael Howard (2010).
518:The Pandurs arrived in
491:, consisting of ethnic
1126:David Hollins (2005).
808:
780:
732:historical reenactment
706:. In 1745, during the
635:
588:Ottoman military bands
476:
377:
169:
161:
961:(in Croatian) (359).
773:
631:
368:
299:, where an eponymous
1585:on 11 September 2012
1432:Numizmatičke vijesti
854:—commanded a pandur
760:commemorative medals
230:commemorative medals
1633:on 7 September 2012
1524:"Umro Franjo Trenk"
1252:on 22 February 2008
931:on 10 February 2012
830:, took part in the
720:Frederick the Great
708:Second Silesian War
688:Diessenstein Castle
619:single-shot pistols
485:Kingdom of Slavonia
455:The Pandurs were a
386:counties of Croatia
358:, or follower of a
285:Frederick the Great
265:Diessenstein Castle
216:and had an overall
198:Kingdom of Slavonia
184:that was raised by
1735:Irregular military
1555:on 3 December 2010
890:Serbian revolution
852:Tudor Vladimirescu
836:Steyr-Daimler-Puch
781:
664:Battle of Mollwitz
644:First Silesian War
636:
556:Orthodox Christian
378:
317:Hungarian language
1690:Military Frontier
1210:on 1 January 2011
1023:Giacomo Meyerbeer
532:senior lieutenant
461:Habsburg monarchy
369:Trenck's Pandurs
182:Habsburg monarchy
176:: Pandúr) were a
148:
147:
67:Habsburg monarchy
1742:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1504:on 10 April 2012
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1468:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1442:. Archived from
1429:
1419:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1385:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1248:. Archived from
1231:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
988:
982:
981:
979:
977:
950:
941:
940:
938:
936:
927:. Archived from
910:
809:Trenkovi panduri
801:Trenck's Pandurs
752:Seven Years' War
740:Spielberg Castle
642:, including the
445:Croatian Pandurs
441:Trenck's Pandurs
400:deployed in the
239:, including the
222:Spielberg Castle
154:Trenck's Pandurs
65:
64:
51:1741–1748 (1756)
40:
28:
27:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1710:Habsburg Croats
1670:
1669:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1478:on 12 July 2012
1470:
1469:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1449:on 23 June 2013
1446:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1386:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1353:. p. 115.
1341:
1337:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1307:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1244:(in Croatian).
1241:Hrvatski vojnik
1232:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1168:(in Croatian).
1158:
1154:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1070:(in Croatian).
1067:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1035:. p. 115.
1020:
1016:
1006:
1004:
1002:Merriam-Webster
990:
989:
985:
975:
973:
963:Matica hrvatska
951:
944:
934:
932:
923:(in Croatian).
920:Hrvatski vojnik
911:
902:
898:
848:
768:
744:Peace of Aachen
648:Zobten am Berge
524:military parade
453:
429:Western Balkans
375:Požega, Croatia
333:security guards
309:
245:Zobten am Berge
151:
138:
127:
59:
43:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1715:Habsburg Serbs
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1667:
1666:
1644:
1618:
1596:
1579:City of Požega
1566:
1540:
1515:
1489:
1460:
1411:
1373:
1359:
1335:
1321:
1301:
1287:
1263:
1221:
1194:
1152:
1138:
1118:
1104:
1084:
1055:
1041:
1014:
983:
942:
899:
897:
894:
893:
892:
887:
885:Grenz infantry
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
847:
844:
820:Special police
813:living history
767:
764:
712:Battle of Soor
704:Cosel fortress
623:fighting knife
452:
449:
394:frontier guard
371:living history
345:medieval Latin
339:(also spelled
308:
305:
301:living history
281:Battle of Soor
273:Cosel fortress
178:light infantry
149:
146:
145:
140:
134:
133:
129:
128:
126:
125:
120:
114:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
85:light infantry
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
57:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1747:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1654:
1648:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1606:
1600:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1418:
1416:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1362:
1360:9780814205006
1356:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1324:
1322:9780253343789
1318:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1290:
1288:9783406606335
1284:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1141:
1139:9781841767017
1135:
1131:
1130:
1122:
1107:
1105:9783111798899
1101:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1073:
1065:
1059:
1044:
1042:9780838638439
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1003:
999:
998:
993:
987:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
947:
930:
926:
922:
921:
916:
909:
907:
905:
900:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
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668:Klaus Castle
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606:, leaving a
604:head shaving
584:Turkish band
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467:following a
463:, raised by
459:unit of the
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180:unit of the
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106:Vivat Pandur
25:
1389:Ferdo Šišić
1176:: 467–481.
728:Waldmünchen
674:as well as
536:lieutenants
477:Werbepatent
417:Generalcies
373:troop from
289:Waldmünchen
111:Engagements
89:skirmishers
1674:Categories
1406:Wikisource
1098:. Mouton.
896:References
865:Seressaner
680:Deggendorf
612:horse tail
457:skirmisher
261:Deggendorf
192:issued by
139:commanders
132:Commanders
1440:0546-9422
1182:1330-0474
1145:6 October
992:"pandour"
971:1330-2787
775:Pandur II
748:Slavonian
660:Prussians
658:from the
572:corporals
570:, eighty
564:sergeants
548:chaplains
352:bannerius
348:banderius
311:The term
307:Etymology
174:Hungarian
1549:"O nama"
1391:(1906).
846:See also
822:platoon
805:Croatian
785:Trenkovo
652:Strehlen
596:uniforms
586:, after
562:, forty
552:Catholic
544:adjutant
528:captains
425:Austrian
421:Dalmatia
414:Varaždin
410:Karlovac
398:infantry
356:summoner
325:Croatian
321:loanword
249:Strehlen
214:uniforms
188:under a
170:Panduren
158:Croatian
103:Motto(s)
76:Infantry
1366:12 June
1048:12 June
1007:12 June
959:Vijenac
858:in the
856:militia
797:baroque
791:, near
700:Bohemia
615:bunchuk
608:rattail
580:cymbals
568:scribes
566:, five
558:), two
554:and an
534:, five
509:Bavaria
505:Bohemia
501:Silesia
469:charter
451:History
433:English
390:hussars
297:Croatia
218:Ottoman
190:charter
162:Panduri
137:Notable
56:Country
31:Pandurs
1659:18 May
1637:18 May
1611:19 May
1589:21 May
1559:18 May
1533:19 May
1508:18 May
1482:19 May
1453:18 May
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1397:
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1328:18 May
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1294:19 May
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1256:18 May
1214:19 May
1187:19 May
1180:
1136:
1111:19 May
1102:
1077:19 May
1039:
976:19 May
969:
935:18 May
875:Hajduk
870:Pandur
793:Požega
766:Legacy
756:Zagreb
716:ducats
684:Munich
672:Styria
576:flutes
560:medics
546:, two
522:for a
520:Vienna
513:France
511:, and
493:Croats
473:German
360:banner
341:pudati
337:puditi
313:pandur
293:Požega
277:Munich
275:, and
226:Zagreb
166:German
48:Active
21:Pandur
1447:(PDF)
1428:(PDF)
1400:[
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1068:(PDF)
880:Uskok
824:Trenk
542:, an
497:Serbs
435:word
406:Banal
396:duty
329:pudar
327:term
98:1,000
1661:2012
1639:2012
1613:2012
1591:2012
1561:2012
1535:2012
1510:2012
1484:2012
1455:2012
1436:ISSN
1368:2012
1355:ISBN
1330:2012
1317:ISBN
1296:2012
1283:ISBN
1258:2012
1216:2012
1189:2012
1178:ISSN
1147:2012
1134:ISBN
1113:2012
1100:ISBN
1079:2012
1050:2012
1037:ISBN
1009:2012
978:2012
967:ISSN
937:2012
692:Cham
690:and
678:and
676:Linz
650:and
621:, a
538:, a
530:, a
495:and
487:and
412:and
269:Cham
257:Linz
200:and
95:Size
81:Role
73:Type
698:to
670:in
654:in
550:(a
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350:or
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