446:
great number of slaves and peasants blindly devoted to the commands of their lords, and armed with the rustic weapons of clubs and axes. The leaders of the conspiracy, as they were admitted to the audience of the procurator, stabbed him with the daggers concealed under their garments, and, by the assistance of their tumultuary train, seized on the town of
Thysdrus, and erected the standard of rebellion against the sovereign of the Roman empire. (...) Gordianus, their proconsul, and the object of their choice , refused, with unfeigned reluctance, the dangerous honour, and begged with tears that they should suffer him to terminate in peace a long and innocent life, without staining his feeble age with civil blood. Their menaces compelled him to accept the Imperial purple, his only refuge indeed against the jealous cruelty of Maximin (...).
2325:
178:
50:
43:
1094:
227:
470:
27:
566:
Similar to the
Colosseum of Rome and to the theatre of Bosra, the amphitheatre was turned into a fortress where local tribes tried to check the Arab invasion of the region after the Byzantines had been defeated at Sufetula in 647. In 670 the Arabs founded Kairouan, forty miles north of Thysdrus, and
445:
An iniquitous sentence had been pronounced against some opulent youths of , the execution of which would have stripped them of far the greater part of their patrimony. (…) A respite of three days, obtained with difficulty from the rapacious treasurer, was employed in collecting from their estates a
420:
in Africa, in particular, sought to extract the maximum level of taxation and fines possible, including falsifying charges against the local aristocracy. A riot among the 50,000 Thysdrians ended with the death of the procurator, after which they turned to
425:
and demanded that he accept the dangerous honor of the imperial throne. After protesting that he was too old for the position, he eventually yielded to the popular clamor of the
Thysdrians and assumed both the purple and the
2221:
488:. Its governor Capelianus, a loyal supporter of Maximinus and a stalwart opponent of Gordian, renewed his alliance to the emperor and invaded the province of Africa with
567:
made it the capital of the country. This fact, associated with the arrival of Arab nomadic tribes which led to the abandonment of farming, caused the decline of
Thysdrus.
562:
destroyed most of the olive trees of the
Thysdrus area in her final attempt to stop the Arab invasion. She made her final stand at the amphitheater, but was defeated.
1083:
2214:
1679:
589:, with a few hundred inhabitants living around the remains of the amphitheater and barely eking out enough production from their farms to survive.
1720:
2207:
1076:
462:
was assassinated and the rebellion seemed to be successful. Gordian in the meantime had sent an embassy to Rome under the leadership of
3001:
2946:
3006:
2991:
2931:
1069:
242:) that marked the border between the Roman-controlled Africa and independent Berber tribes. East of the ditch, cities were fully
91:
1026:
889:
947:
577:
In the next centuries, Thysdrus largely disappeared from the record, with a worsening arid climate apparently damaging its
925:
507:
Following this abortive revolt, Capelianus's troops sacked
Thysdrus. Thysdrus was subsequently raised to the level of a
1061:
42:
2910:
1905:
1056:
846:
726:
2996:
2963:
132:
671:
458:
with the overwhelming support of the population and local political leaders. Meanwhile, in Rome, Maximinus's
2324:
1093:
581:
production. By the 10th century, many of
Thysdrus's buildings had been dismantled for use in construction at
2640:
496:
II, at the head of a militia army of untrained soldiers mostly from
Thysdrus and surroundings, lost the
330:
was a native of Roman Africa and bestowed a great deal of imperial favor upon it. He raised
Thysdrus to
929:
177:
1097:
481:
The senate confirmed the new emperor on 2 April and many of the provinces gladly sided with
Gordian.
2870:
2384:
1955:
497:
427:
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504:
near Carthage by hanging himself with his belt. The Gordians had "reigned" only thirty-six days.
243:
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350:
152:
1920:
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and assumed the throne, his oppressive rule resulted in universal discontent. Maximinus's
314:
Roman Africa was less arid than modern Tunisia, and Thysdrus and the surrounding lands in
8:
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2880:
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616:
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79:
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2011:
1935:
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459:
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215:
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1504:
1414:
1379:
537:
401:
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238, Thysdrus was at the center of a struggle to control the Roman Empire. After
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be acclaimed as his coruler. A few days later, Gordian entered the city of
374:
362:
2479:
585:. In the 19th century, French colonizers found only a small village named
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26:
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2188:
2183:
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1980:
1959:
1810:
1770:
1715:
1495:
1323:
1181:
1151:
1116:
578:
422:
319:
144:
1965:
1924:
1420:
924:
Stillwell, Richard. MacDonald, William L. McAlister, Marian Holland
16:
Carthaginian town and Roman colony near present-day El Djem, Tunisia
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1950:
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1658:
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1230:
1200:
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1141:
972:
628:
627:
Thysdrus's bishops attended the councils of 393, 411, and 641. The
582:
455:
366:
315:
304:
285:
156:
2604:
1915:
1895:
1241:
322:
production and export. Its greatest importance occurred under the
2837:
2750:
2725:
2720:
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2529:
2509:
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2474:
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2006:
1944:
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1465:
1429:
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1364:
1296:
1251:
1196:
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928:, The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites. Princeton, N.J.
586:
553:
533:
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300:
293:
289:
268:, it was refounded as a Roman town and probably received some of
258:
140:
136:
69:
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1328:
390:
297:
1631:
645:
280:
culture remained long predominant, with the city minting
772:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
484:
Opposition would come from the neighboring province of
393:
and capable of accommodating about 30,000 spectators.
966:(2nd ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 876
466:to obtain the Senate's support for his rebellion.
181:
A coin of Thysdrus with the Punic name of the city,
863:
814:
812:
810:
791:
789:
748:
746:
450:Due to his advanced age, he insisted that his son
2983:
821:
807:
786:
743:
955:
654:
611:238 and it is one of the best preserved stone
500:and was killed. Gordian killed himself in his
2215:
1077:
989:The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine
473:Gordian I on a coin, bearing the title AFR,
544:. All the same, it never really recovered.
513:
431:
379:
208:
201:
2230:Romano-Berber cities in Roman North Africa
2222:
2208:
1084:
1070:
692:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
667:
665:
663:
631:schism had a hold in the city around 411.
437:("the African") on March 22. According to
25:
2947:Christianity in the Roman Africa province
764:
326:in the late 2nd and early 3rd centuries.
143:. Under the Romans, it was the center of
986:
468:
225:
176:
2932:North Africa during classical antiquity
2237:Sorted by contemporary national borders
660:
490:the only legion stationed in the region
2984:
1016:
1006:
685:
2974:UNESCO World Heritage Sites Proposed
2203:
1065:
996:
971:
948:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
558:Around 695, the Romano-Berber queen
202:
1035:
1021:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1009:The Roman Empire at Bay, AD 180-395
956:Head, Barclay; et al. (1911),
884:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013,
288:with Punic inscriptions. Some bore
13:
944:
14:
3023:
3002:Roman towns and cities in Tunisia
1001:, Oxford: Oxford University Press
902:Titular Episcopal See of Thysdrus
492:and other veteran units. Gordian
2323:
1092:
547:
49:
48:
41:
3007:Catholic titular sees in Africa
2964:Roman colonies in Berber Africa
2911:Praetorian prefecture of Africa
1726:Heq she Elisha (Ksar es-Seghir)
1057:Roman colonies in Berber Africa
1019:The Roman Government in Britain
938:
918:
907:
895:
875:
839:
830:
798:
2992:Phoenician colonies in Tunisia
1098:Phoenician cities and colonies
777:
755:
719:
710:
679:
361:) as the second city of Roman
349:By the early 3rd century when
159:and was quite prosperous. The
1:
634:
615:in the world. It was named a
272:'s veterans as settlers in 45
2480:Oppidum Novum (Caesariensis)
1007:Potter, David Stone (2004),
639:
592:
373:). The city had even a huge
353:was built, Thysdrus rivaled
318:were an important center of
31:Thysdrus's huge amphitheater
7:
1050:
914:Thysdrus history and photos
622:
536:, which is included in the
10:
3028:
2078:Hippo Diarrhytus (Bizerte)
930:Princeton University Press
926:THYSDRUS (El Djem) Tunisia
596:
551:
529:244. It was the seat of a
385:), nearly as large as the
253:Thysdrus began as a small
221:
2972:
2924:
2846:
2825:
2799:
2618:
2332:
2321:
2290:Oppidum Novum (Tingitana)
2242:
2235:
2166:
2045:
1989:
1858:
1831:Portus Magonis (Portimão)
1819:
1703:
1650:
1614:
1524:
1403:
1395:Strato's Tower (Caesarea)
1347:
1316:
1280:
1104:
85:
75:
65:
36:
24:
1577:Ornithon (Tell el-Burak)
1017:Birley, Anthony (2005),
882:Annuario Pontificio 2013
2866:Mauretania Caesariensis
847:"Herodian 7.9 - Livius"
727:"Herodian 7.3 - Livius"
307:"'s head obverse and a
172:
2275:Iulia Campestris Babba
2265:Iulia Constantia Zilil
999:Emperors and Biography
987:Southern, Pat (2001),
688:"One Thysdrus or Two?"
605:Amphitheatre of El Jem
599:Amphitheatre of El Jem
575:
514:
478:
464:P. Licinius Valerianus
448:
432:
380:
339:
250:
248:arrival of the Vandals
239:
230:Thysdrus was near the
209:
187:
161:surviving amphitheater
2997:Ancient Berber cities
2270:Iulia Valentia Banasa
1421:Cape Melqart (Cefalù)
1011:, Abingdon: Routledge
997:Syme, Ronald (1971),
991:, Abingdon: Routledge
686:Birley, Eric (1990).
655:Head & al. (1911)
564:
472:
452:M. Antonius Gordianus
443:
351:its huge amphitheater
229:
194:name of the town was
180:
107:35.29000°N 10.70806°E
2952:Early African Church
2861:Mauretania Tingitana
2380:Castellum Tingitanum
2098:Maqom Hadesh (Ounga)
1936:Carthage (Cartagena)
1324:Callista (Santorini)
1262:Tipasa in Mauretania
1222:Rusippisir (Taksebt)
57:Shown within Tunisia
2916:Exarchate of Africa
1835:Olissipona (Lisbon)
672:Thysdrus's History.
617:World Heritage Site
607:was built around AD
332:municipality status
165:World Heritage Site
103: /
21:
2957:Church of Carthage
2942:Limes Tripolitanus
2881:Creta et Cyrenaica
2395:Civitas Popthensis
2007:Balanaea (Baniyas)
1237:Rusuccuru (Dellys)
498:Battle of Carthage
479:
460:praetorian prefect
369:(near present-day
251:
206:). The Latin name
188:
147:production in the
112:35.29000; 10.70806
80:Mahdia Governorate
19:
2979:
2978:
2891:Diocese of Africa
2415:Diana Veteranorum
2375:Castellum Dimmidi
2197:
2196:
1827:Portus Hannibalis
1716:Arambys (Mogador)
1601:Ushu (Palaetyrus)
1582:Porphyreon (Jieh)
1451:Kapara (Soluntum)
1267:Tipasa in Numidia
1217:Rusicade (Skikda)
1028:978-0-19-925237-4
904:at GCatholic.org.
890:978-88-209-9070-1
414:Germania Inferior
406:Alexander Severus
344:Roman citizenship
328:Septimius Severus
284:coins as late as
135:near present-day
122:
121:
3019:
2925:Related articles
2771:Turris Tamalleni
2666:Hippo Diarrhytus
2405:Cohors Breucorum
2327:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2201:
2200:
1966:Tagilit (Tíjola)
1741:Shalat (Chellah)
1711:Azama (Azemmour)
1096:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1045:
1031:
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
967:
963:Historia Numorum
951:
945:Gibbon, Edward,
933:
922:
916:
911:
905:
899:
893:
879:
873:
867:
861:
860:
858:
857:
843:
837:
834:
828:
827:Southern, pg. 67
825:
819:
816:
805:
802:
796:
793:
784:
781:
775:
768:
762:
759:
753:
752:Southern, pg. 66
750:
741:
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45:
29:
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18:
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3020:
3018:
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2982:
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2975:
2968:
2937:African Romance
2920:
2848:
2842:
2821:
2795:
2614:
2328:
2319:
2238:
2231:
2228:
2198:
2193:
2162:
2053:Aspis (Kelibia)
2041:
1985:
1854:
1840:Ossonoba (Faro)
1815:
1699:
1646:
1610:
1547:Athar (Tripoli)
1520:
1399:
1343:
1312:
1276:
1152:Iol (Cherchell)
1100:
1090:
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1029:
941:
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912:
908:
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896:
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855:
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836:Herodian, 7:9:3
835:
831:
826:
822:
818:Potter, pg. 170
817:
808:
803:
799:
795:Potter, pg. 169
794:
787:
783:Herodian, 7:6:2
782:
778:
774:, Vol. I, Ch. 7
769:
765:
761:Herodian, 7:5:8
760:
756:
751:
744:
735:
733:
725:
724:
720:
716:Potter, pg. 167
715:
711:
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601:
595:
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572:Roberto Piperno
571:
556:
550:
538:Catholic Church
526:
520:
493:
404:killed Emperor
402:Maximinus Thrax
397:
342:) with partial
324:Severan dynasty
303:; others bore "
273:
224:
196:
195:
183:
182:
175:
111:
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2906:Vandal Kingdom
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2797:
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2756:Thuburbo Majus
2753:
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2728:
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2505:Quiza Xenitana
2502:
2497:
2495:Portus Divinus
2492:
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2123:Sicca (El Kef)
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2115:
2110:
2100:
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2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
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1953:
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1933:
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1690:Ras il-Wardija
1687:
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1594:
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1584:
1579:
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1572:Gebal (Byblos)
1569:
1567:Botrys (Teros)
1564:
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1528:
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1446:Heraclea Minoa
1443:
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1249:
1239:
1234:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1204:
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1189:
1184:
1179:
1177:Kissi (Djinet)
1174:
1164:
1154:
1149:
1139:
1129:
1124:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1101:
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1074:
1066:
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1047:
1033:
1027:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
969:
953:
940:
937:
935:
934:
917:
906:
894:
874:
862:
851:www.livius.org
838:
829:
820:
806:
797:
785:
776:
763:
754:
742:
731:www.livius.org
718:
709:
678:
659:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
624:
621:
597:Main article:
594:
591:
569:
552:Main article:
549:
546:
387:Circus Maximus
264:Following the
223:
220:
174:
171:
120:
119:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
56:
47:
46:
40:
39:
38:
37:
34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3024:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2971:
2965:
2962:
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2927:
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2914:
2912:
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2899:
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2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:and provinces
2845:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
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2734:
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2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:Pheradi Majus
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
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2639:
2637:
2634:
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2627:
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2623:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Unica Colonia
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
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2553:
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2548:
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2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Portus Magnus
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
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2361:
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2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
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2343:
2341:
2340:Aquae Calidae
2338:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
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2301:
2298:
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2278:
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2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
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2256:
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2248:
2247:
2245:
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2234:
2225:
2220:
2218:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
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2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
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2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2108:
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2059:
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2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Marat (Amrit)
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1896:Gadir (Cadiz)
1894:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1846:
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1721:Caricus Murus
1719:
1717:
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1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1675:Gaulos (Gozo)
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
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1573:
1570:
1568:
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1545:
1543:
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1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1523:
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1516:Ṣiṣ (Palermo)
1514:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
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1479:
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1469:
1467:
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1422:
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1409:
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1396:
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1386:
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1371:
1368:
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1340:
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1327:
1325:
1322:
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1309:
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1301:
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1279:
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1202:
1198:
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1190:
1188:
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1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
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1168:
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1158:
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1128:
1125:
1122:
1118:
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1103:
1099:
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1080:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1042:A New History
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
979:
978:Roman History
974:
970:
965:
964:
959:
954:
950:
949:
943:
942:
931:
927:
921:
915:
910:
903:
898:
891:
887:
883:
878:
872:
866:
852:
848:
842:
833:
824:
815:
813:
811:
804:Zosimus, 1:11
801:
792:
790:
780:
773:
767:
758:
749:
747:
732:
728:
722:
713:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
682:
673:
668:
666:
664:
656:
651:
649:
644:
632:
630:
620:
618:
614:
606:
600:
590:
588:
584:
580:
568:
563:
561:
555:
548:Later history
545:
543:
539:
535:
532:
523:
518:
516:
510:
505:
503:
499:
491:
487:
482:
476:
471:
467:
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461:
457:
453:
447:
442:
440:
439:Edward Gibbon
436:
434:
429:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
394:
392:
388:
384:
382:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
357:(present-day
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
271:
270:Julius Caesar
267:
262:
260:
256:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:"Royal Ditch"
228:
219:
217:
213:
211:
193:
179:
170:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
116:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
44:
35:
28:
23:
2876:Roman Africa
2765:
2676:Leptis Parva
2430:Hippo Regius
2147:
1806:Thymiaterium
1680:Għajn Qajjet
1505:Sant'Antioco
1127:Hippo Regius
1041:
1018:
1008:
998:
988:
977:
962:
946:
939:Bibliography
920:
909:
897:
881:
877:
870:
865:
854:. Retrieved
850:
841:
832:
823:
800:
779:
771:
766:
757:
734:. Retrieved
730:
721:
712:
695:
691:
681:
675:(in Italian)
626:
602:
576:
565:
557:
542:titular sees
512:
506:
483:
480:
474:
449:
444:
430:
395:
378:
363:North Africa
348:
313:
263:
255:Carthaginian
252:
207:
189:
169:
133:Roman colony
129:Carthaginian
124:
123:
2886:Roman Egypt
2631:Bulla Regia
2560:Thubursicum
2385:Castra Nova
2058:Bulla Regia
1606:Umm al-Amad
1491:Pantelleria
1360:Akka (Acre)
1246:Aïn Oulmene
1227:Rusubbicari
1211:Tamentfoust
1171:Constantine
698:: 100–104.
613:Roman ruins
540:'s list of
522:Gordian III
410:Moguntiacum
240:Fossa Regia
203:𐤔𐤈𐤐𐤔𐤓
110: /
86:Coordinates
2986:Categories
2856:Mauretania
2791:Zama Regia
2761:Thuburnica
2661:Hadrumetum
2626:Althiburos
2470:Mesarfelta
2068:Hadrumetum
1886:Akra Leuka
1765:Casablanca
1597:Sur (Tyre)
958:"Byzacene"
856:2019-11-15
736:2019-11-15
635:References
418:procurator
355:Hadrumetum
340:municipium
266:Punic Wars
98:10°42′29″E
95:35°17′24″N
2896:Zeugitana
2716:Simitthus
2580:Tubusuctu
2570:Tingartia
2545:Thamugadi
2520:Rusucurru
2515:Rusguniae
2485:Parthenia
2455:Lambaesis
2370:Cartennas
2315:Volubilis
2305:Thamusida
2189:Tahpanhes
2184:Gibraltar
2179:Phoenicus
2174:Myriandus
2083:Kerkouane
1960:Almunecar
1771:Volubilis
1642:Tsabratan
1496:Selinunte
1466:Lilybaeum
1233:El Bahri)
1207:Rusguniae
1182:Macomades
1117:Cartennae
892:), p. 992
871:Gordian I
869:Meckler,
640:Citations
619:in 1979.
593:Buildings
579:olive oil
531:Christian
475:Africanus
433:Africanus
375:racetrack
320:olive oil
311:reverse.
309:capricorn
261:village.
244:romanized
149:provinces
145:olive oil
131:town and
2901:Byzacena
2847:Kingdoms
2766:Thysdrus
2741:Thabraca
2731:Taparura
2721:Sufetula
2706:Scillium
2681:Mactaris
2641:Carthago
2610:Zuccabar
2555:Thibilis
2550:Theveste
2540:Thagaste
2460:Madauros
2440:Igilgili
2420:Gemellae
2365:Caesarea
2260:Exilissa
2148:Thysdrus
2092:Monastir
2063:Carthage
1971:Toscanos
1951:Saguntum
1941:Rushadir
1890:Alicante
1820:Portugal
1786:Oualidia
1746:Tamusida
1695:Tas-Silġ
1659:Cospicua
1657:Maleth (
1476:Neapolis
1460:Cagliari
1426:Drepanum
1385:Shikmona
1303:Lapathus
1231:Zemmouri
1201:Azeffoun
1192:Rachgoun
1142:Igilgili
1112:Camarata
1051:See also
981:, Book 7
973:Herodian
770:Gibbon,
704:20187375
629:Donatist
623:Religion
583:Kairouan
570:—
456:Carthage
367:Carthage
365:, after
316:Byzacena
305:Poseidon
292:'s head
286:Augustus
210:Thysdrus
157:Byzacena
125:Thysdrus
66:Location
20:Thysdrus
3012:El Djem
2871:Numidia
2838:Rusadir
2817:Farafra
2751:Thapsus
2726:Tacapae
2671:Kelibia
2656:Gightis
2646:Cillium
2619:Tunisia
2600:Vescera
2595:Uzinaza
2585:Tubunae
2530:Setifis
2510:Rapidum
2490:Pomaria
2475:Milevum
2465:Mascula
2450:Lamasba
2445:Iomnium
2435:Icosium
2425:Gunugus
2345:Albulae
2333:Algeria
2285:Mogador
2243:Morocco
2152:El Djem
2143:Thapsus
2133:Tayinat
2128:Tabarka
2118:Ruspina
2046:Tunisia
1981:Tyreche
1945:Melilla
1906:Iboshim
1811:Rusibis
1781:Rusadir
1776:Mogador
1755:Tangier
1735:Larache
1704:Morocco
1636:Tripoli
1587:Sarepta
1552:Baalbek
1525:Lebanon
1511:Tharros
1430:Trapani
1297:Larnaca
1252:Thagora
1197:Rusazus
1161:Tigzirt
1157:Iomnium
1136:Algiers
1132:Icosium
1105:Algeria
1037:Zosimus
932:. 1976.
587:El Djem
554:El Djem
534:diocese
515:colonia
486:Numidia
428:epithet
423:Gordian
301:reverse
294:obverse
290:Astarte
246:by the
222:History
218:roots.
141:Tunisia
137:El Djem
70:Tunisia
2833:Septem
2781:Uthina
2746:Thanae
2701:Ruspae
2696:Rucuma
2691:Pupput
2651:Dougga
2575:Tipasa
2565:Tiddis
2525:Saldae
2410:Cuicul
2360:Calama
2350:Altava
2310:Tingis
2300:Tamuda
2107:Djerba
2103:Meninx
2088:Lepcis
2072:Sousse
2037:Ugarit
2027:Shuksi
2022:Safita
2017:Paltus
1925:Málaga
1921:Malake
1866:Abdera
1849:Tavira
1731:Likush
1685:Mtarfa
1622:Lepcis
1561:Beirut
1456:Karaly
1380:Reshef
1370:Michal
1355:Achzib
1348:Israel
1334:Rhodes
1317:Greece
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1281:Cyprus
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2800:Egypt
2776:Utica
2736:Sufes
2711:Sicca
2636:Capsa
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2280:Lixus
2255:Cotta
2167:Other
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2137:Thyna
2113:Ruspe
2032:Sumur
2012:Carne
1997:Arwad
1990:Syria
1975:Velez
1931:Onoba
1916:Mahón
1910:Ibiza
1901:Herna
1880:Ceuta
1876:Abyla
1859:Spain
1845:Balsa
1796:Gadir
1791:Zilil
1751:Tinga
1669:Mdina
1651:Malta
1626:Khoms
1615:Libya
1592:Sidon
1557:Birut
1501:Sulci
1486:Olbia
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