1321:
43:
1384:
990:
1892:
1249:
1349:
1285:
1519:; the pyramid is far smaller than it was intended to be, but it is not known whether this is due to natural erosion or because it, like Sekhemkhet's own tomb, was never completed to begin with. In any case, the duration of Khaba's reign is uncertain; a few Egyptologists believe Khaba was identical to Huni, but if Khaba is the same person as the Ramesside names
1471:
of
Sanakht, together with a cartouche containing a form of the sign for "ka," with just enough room for the sign for "Neb." Nebka's reign length is given as eighteen years by both Manetho and the Turin Canon, though these sources write over 2,300 and 1,400 years after his lifetime, so their accuracy
1155:
Dating the Third
Dynasty is similarly challenging. Shaw gives the dates as being approximately from 2686 to 2613 BC. The Turin King List suggests a total of 75 years for the third dynasty. Baines and Malek have placed the third dynasty as spanning the years 2650–2575 BC, while Dodson and Hilton date
1442:, who was the final king of the Second Dynasty. The Turin King List scribe wrote Djoser's name in red ink, which indicates the Ancient Egyptians' recognition of this king's historical importance in their culture. In any case, Djoser is the best known king of this dynasty, for commissioning his
1460:
Nebka's identification with
Sanakht is uncertain; though many Egyptologists continue to support the theory that the two kings were one and the same man, opposition exists because this opinion rests on a single fragmentary clay seal discovered in 1903 by
1191:, it is now widely believed that Djoser is the founder of the Third Dynasty, as the direct successor of Khasekhemwy and the one responsible for finishing his tomb. These findings contradict earlier writings, like Wilkinson 1999, which proposed that
1472:
is uncertain. In contrast to Djoser, both
Sanakht and Nebka are attested in considerably few relics for a ruler of nearly two decades; the Turin Canon gives a reign of only six years to an unnamed immediate predecessor of
1488:, kings whose identities are uncertain. (Wilkinson places Nebka as the penultimate king of the Third Dynasty, before Huni, but this is by no means definitively known or even overwhelmingly supported among Egyptologists.)
1119:
gives Necheróphes (Nebka), Tosorthrós (Djoser), Týreis (Djoserti/Sekhemkhet), Mesôchris (Sanakht, probably the same person as Nebka), Sôÿphis (also Djoser), Tósertasis (also
Djoserti/Sekhemkhet), Achês (Nebtawy Nebkare;
2178:
2173:
1152:. There are three remaining Horus names of known 3rd dynasty kings: Sanakht, Khaba, and perhaps Qahedjet. One of these three, by far most likely Sanakht, went by the nebty name Nebka.
1480:
suggests that this number fits
Sanakht (whom he identifies concretely with Nebka), given the sparsity of archaeological evidence for him, but it could also be the reign length of
184:
159:
976:
1838:
1542:
2198:
1434:
suggests that Nebka should be placed between Djoser and Huni, and not before Djoser. More importantly, seals naming Djoser were found at the entrance to
1657:"Further studies of crania from ancient Northern Africa: An analysis of crania from First Dynasty Egyptian tombs, using multiple discriminant functions"
2193:
1183:
of the Third
Dynasty ruled for approximately 75 years. Due to recent archaeological findings in Abydos revealing that Djoser was the one who buried
969:
1831:
1801:
1797:
1084:
962:
1824:
42:
1720:
1199:
was the founder of the dynasty. However, the two were not very far apart temporally; they may have been brothers, along with
2203:
2183:
496:
1791:
638:
356:
2188:
1769:
1639:
1132:, the last ruler of the Second Dynasty, was succeeded by Djoser, who at the time was only attested by his presumed
2168:
748:
1503:, a king assigned nineteen years by Manetho, find almost no support given the unfinished state of his tomb, the
1744:
1491:
Some authorities believe that
Imhotep lived into the reign of the Pharaoh Huni. Little is known for certain of
950:
764:
686:
660:
203:
850:
804:
777:
734:
703:
699:
673:
647:
230:
1539:
1320:
725:
561:
1438:'s tomb at Abydos, which demonstrates that it was Djoser, rather than Sanakht, who buried and succeeded
604:
591:
505:
475:
790:
617:
536:
518:
207:
1156:
the dynasty to 2584–2520 BC. It is not uncommon for these estimates to differ by more than a century.
1495:, but his reign is considered to have been only six or seven years, according to the Turin Canon and
449:
418:
82:
1538:
462:
365:
1656:
1808:
1784:
1188:
1044:
1020:
439:
378:
309:
266:
177:
164:
1609:
2105:
1540:
1443:
1028:
1024:
404:
391:
335:
322:
250:
1537:
1067:
records nine, many of whom did not exist or are simply the same king under multiple names.
1016:
582:
287:
1712:
1706:
1536:
8:
1631:
1624:
1426:
was the first king of this dynasty, pointing out the order in which some predecessors of
20:
1604:, No. 37 (2000). American Research Center (Hg.), Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake/Bristol 2000,
2131:
2100:
1516:
1357:
828:
2110:
2085:
1765:
1740:
1716:
1684:
1676:
1635:
1605:
1454:
1261:
944:
915:
239:
92:
72:
47:
1668:
1099:
1056:
1221:
1816:
1758:
Die Königsmütter des Alten Ägypten von der Frühzeit bis zum Ende der 12. Dynastie
1702:
1431:
1415:
1383:
1160:
1072:
1052:
905:
2090:
1504:
1477:
1297:
1110:
1060:
1032:
837:
549:
62:
1144:
Djeserty. The last king of the dynasty is Huni, who may be the same person as
2162:
2095:
2057:
1942:
1937:
1680:
1512:
1496:
1462:
1361:
1302:
1266:
1007:
989:
881:
220:
211:
1672:
2147:
2126:
2029:
1330:
1688:
2019:
1947:
1932:
1439:
1435:
1402:
1398:
1326:
6–28 years, depending on identification; most likely six, 18, or 19 years
1184:
1129:
871:
2063:
2041:
2035:
1866:
1492:
1278:
1200:
1141:
1137:
1124:
Khaba, perhaps nonexistent), Sêphuris (Qahedjet), and
Kerpherês (Huni).
102:
2069:
2014:
1952:
1204:
1159:
Some scholars have proposed a southern origin for the Third
Dynasty.
1088:
1047:, which might have included civil war, Egypt came under the rule of
2009:
1973:
1968:
1906:
1485:
1376:
1273:
1145:
19:"Third Dynasty" redirects here. For the Sumerian Renaissance, see
1999:
1994:
1989:
1871:
1450:
1446:
1419:
1411:
1314:
1293:
1257:
1196:
1180:
1116:
1064:
998:
51:
1248:
2024:
2004:
1916:
1861:
1467:
1423:
1392:
1348:
1239:
1103:
1080:
1048:
994:
522:
2179:
States and territories disestablished in the 3rd millennium BC
1598:
The Layer Pyramid of Zawiyet el-Aryan: Its Layout and Context.
1535:
1422:
of the Third Dynasty, many contemporary Egyptologists believe
1167:
based on iconographic evidence, and Keita argued an origin in
1911:
1876:
1508:
1481:
1427:
1342:
1309:
1284:
1192:
1168:
1164:
1149:
1133:
1076:
2174:
States and territories established in the 3rd millennium BC
1881:
1473:
1370:
1092:
1031:. The capital during the period of the Old Kingdom was at
1602:
Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt (JARCE)
1051:, marking the beginning of the Third Dynasty. Both the
1203:, as the sons of Khasekhemwy and his favoured consort
1708:
An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
1499:, respectively. Attempts to equate Sekhemkhet with
1846:
1623:
1019:. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the
2160:
1711:(2 ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp.
1832:
970:
2199:3rd-millennium BC disestablishments in Egypt
1563:The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt
1113:gives Djoser, Djoserteti, Nebkare, and Huni.
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1418:names Nebka (a.k.a. Sanakht), as the first
1839:
1825:
1764:, vol. 46). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2001,
977:
963:
41:
2194:3rd-millennium BC establishments in Egypt
1661:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1530:
1136:name Netjerikhet. Djoser's successor was
1568:
1465:. Though damaged, the seal displays the
988:
1527:, he could have reigned for six years.
1128:The archaeological evidence shows that
2161:
1043:After the turbulent last years of the
945:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
16:Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Old Kingdom)
1820:
1654:
1163:believed the dynasty originated from
1701:
1621:
1557:
1555:
1750:
1729:
1630:. Oxford University Press. p.
1626:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
13:
1590:
14:
2215:
1552:
1354:6 ? 24, if identical to Huni
1890:
1449:to build the earliest surviving
1382:
1347:
1319:
1283:
1247:
182:
157:
1848:Third Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
1695:
1655:Keita, S. O. Y. (March 1992).
1648:
1615:
1015:) is the first dynasty of the
951:Periodization of ancient Egypt
1:
1545:
1059:record five kings, while the
258:
7:
1762:Ägypten und Altes Testament
1414:names Necherophes, and the
1102:gives Nebka, Djoser, Teti,
1038:
10:
2220:
2204:3rd millennium BC in Egypt
2184:Dynasties of ancient Egypt
1739:. Routledge, London 2001,
18:
2140:
2119:
2078:
2050:
1982:
1961:
1925:
1899:
1888:
1854:
1805:
1789:
1781:
1174:
136:
132:
122:
112:
108:
98:
88:
83:ancient Egyptian religion
78:
68:
58:
40:
35:
28:
2189:27th century BC in Egypt
1673:10.1002/ajpa.1330870302
1622:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000).
1329:Possibly mastaba K2 at
1187:, the last king of the
1063:only records four, and
178:Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
165:Second Dynasty of Egypt
2169:Third Dynasty of Egypt
2106:Pyramid of Elephantine
1735:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1531:Third Dynasty timeline
1507:. It is believed that
1001:
749:Twenty-seventh Dynasty
124:• Disestablished
30:Third Dynasty of Egypt
1583:Toby A.H. Wilkinson,
1430:are mentioned in the
992:
882:Thirty-fourth Dynasty
838:Thirty-second Dynasty
765:Twenty-eighth Dynasty
687:Twenty-fourth Dynasty
661:Twenty-second Dynasty
69:Common languages
36:c. 2686 BC–c. 2613 BC
1737:Early Dynastic Egypt
1585:Early Dynastic Egypt
1212:Dynasty III pharaohs
916:Thirty-fifth Dynasty
851:Thirty-third Dynasty
807:(2nd Persian Period)
805:Thirty-first Dynasty
778:Twenty-ninth Dynasty
751:(1st Persian Period)
735:Twenty-sixth Dynasty
700:Twenty-fifth Dynasty
674:Twenty-third Dynasty
648:Twenty-first Dynasty
1772:, pp. 59–61, 65–67.
1747:, pp. 80–82, 94–97.
1511:possibly built the
1214:
993:Funerary temple of
562:Seventeenth Dynasty
497:Second Intermediate
240:Pre-dynastic period
114:• Established
21:Third Dynasty of Ur
2132:Mastaba of Hesy-Re
2101:Edfu South Pyramid
1792:Dynasties of Egypt
1210:
1002:
639:Third Intermediate
605:Nineteenth Dynasty
592:Eighteenth Dynasty
506:Fourteenth Dynasty
476:Thirteenth Dynasty
357:First Intermediate
2156:
2155:
2111:Pyramid of Naqada
2086:Pyramid of Djoser
1815:
1814:
1806:Succeeded by
1722:978-1-118-89611-2
1587:, Routledge, 2001
1408:
1407:
1262:Pyramid of Djoser
1148:or, less likely,
1006:Third Dynasty of
987:
986:
934:
933:
896:
895:
862:
861:
829:Hellenistic Egypt
819:
818:
791:Thirtieth Dynasty
716:
715:
629:
628:
618:Twentieth Dynasty
573:
572:
537:Sixteenth Dynasty
519:Fifteenth Dynasty
487:
486:
430:
429:
347:
346:
278:
277:
198:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
170:
169:
93:Absolute monarchy
73:Egyptian language
48:Pyramid of Djoser
2211:
1900:Obscure pharaohs
1894:
1893:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1782:Preceded by
1779:
1778:
1773:
1754:
1748:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1629:
1619:
1613:
1594:
1588:
1581:
1566:
1561:Dodson, Hilton,
1559:
1386:
1351:
1323:
1287:
1251:
1215:
1209:
1106:, and Neferkare.
1100:Abydos King List
1057:Abydos King List
979:
972:
965:
911:
910:
884:(Roman Pharaohs)
877:
876:
834:
833:
731:
730:
644:
643:
588:
587:
502:
501:
450:Eleventh Dynasty
445:
444:
419:Eleventh Dynasty
362:
361:
293:
292:
260:
236:
235:
200:
199:
186:
185:
174:
173:
161:
160:
154:
153:
138:
137:
45:
26:
25:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2136:
2115:
2074:
2046:
1978:
1957:
1921:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1850:
1845:
1811:
1795:
1787:
1777:
1776:
1755:
1751:
1734:
1730:
1723:
1700:
1696:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1620:
1616:
1595:
1591:
1582:
1569:
1560:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1517:Zawyet el'Aryan
1432:Papyrus Westcar
1416:Turin King List
1401:
1358:Zawyet el'Aryan
1177:
1073:Turin King List
1053:Turin King List
1041:
983:
954:
948:
936:
935:
930:379 AD – 641 AD
924:
918:
908:
906:Byzantine Egypt
898:
897:
886:
883:
874:
864:
863:
831:
821:
820:
809:
806:
753:
750:
728:
718:
717:
641:
631:
630:
585:
575:
574:
499:
489:
488:
463:Twelfth Dynasty
442:
432:
431:
366:Seventh Dynasty
359:
349:
348:
290:
280:
279:
233:
223:
183:
158:
125:
115:
54:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2217:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2091:Buried Pyramid
2088:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1927:
1926:Queen consorts
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1813:
1812:
1809:Fourth Dynasty
1807:
1804:
1788:
1785:Second Dynasty
1783:
1775:
1774:
1749:
1728:
1721:
1694:
1667:(3): 245–254.
1647:
1640:
1614:
1596:Aidan Dodson:
1589:
1567:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1505:Buried Pyramid
1478:Toby Wilkinson
1406:
1405:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1355:
1352:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1298:Buried Pyramid
1291:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1255:
1252:
1245:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1189:Second Dynasty
1176:
1173:
1140:, who had the
1126:
1125:
1114:
1111:Saqqara Tablet
1107:
1096:
1061:Saqqara Tablet
1045:Second Dynasty
1040:
1037:
985:
984:
982:
981:
974:
967:
959:
956:
955:
941:
938:
937:
932:
931:
928:
925:
914:
909:
904:
903:
900:
899:
894:
893:
892:30 BC – 313 AD
890:
887:
880:
875:
870:
869:
866:
865:
860:
859:
856:
853:
847:
846:
843:
840:
832:
827:
826:
823:
822:
817:
816:
813:
810:
803:
800:
799:
796:
793:
787:
786:
783:
780:
774:
773:
770:
767:
761:
760:
757:
754:
747:
744:
743:
740:
737:
729:
724:
723:
720:
719:
714:
713:
710:
707:
696:
695:
692:
689:
683:
682:
679:
676:
670:
669:
666:
663:
657:
656:
653:
650:
642:
637:
636:
633:
632:
627:
626:
623:
620:
614:
613:
610:
607:
601:
600:
597:
594:
586:
581:
580:
577:
576:
571:
570:
567:
564:
558:
557:
554:
552:
550:Abydos Dynasty
546:
545:
542:
539:
533:
532:
529:
526:
515:
514:
511:
508:
500:
495:
494:
491:
490:
485:
484:
481:
478:
472:
471:
468:
465:
459:
458:
455:
452:
443:
440:Middle Kingdom
438:
437:
434:
433:
428:
427:
424:
421:
414:
413:
410:
407:
401:
400:
397:
394:
388:
387:
384:
381:
379:Eighth Dynasty
375:
374:
371:
368:
360:
355:
354:
351:
350:
345:
344:
341:
338:
332:
331:
328:
325:
319:
318:
315:
312:
310:Fourth Dynasty
306:
305:
302:
299:
291:
286:
285:
282:
281:
276:
275:
272:
269:
267:Second Dynasty
263:
262:
256:
253:
247:
246:
244:
242:
234:
229:
228:
225:
224:
219:All years are
218:
215:
214:
196:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
180:
171:
168:
167:
162:
150:
149:
144:
134:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
105:
100:
99:Historical era
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
46:
38:
37:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2216:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2096:Layer Pyramid
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:(fictitious))
2065:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:Hetephernebti
1941:
1939:
1938:Djeseretnebti
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1810:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1780:
1771:
1770:3-447-04368-7
1767:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1703:Bard, Kathryn
1698:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1643:
1641:0-19-815034-2
1637:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1564:
1558:
1556:
1551:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1513:Layer Pyramid
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1497:Palermo Stone
1494:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1463:John Garstang
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:Layer Pyramid
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:Djeseretnebti
1301:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:Hetephernebti
1265:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:Personal Name
1217:
1216:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1008:ancient Egypt
1000:
996:
991:
980:
975:
973:
968:
966:
961:
960:
958:
957:
953:
952:
947:
946:
940:
939:
929:
926:
922:
917:
913:
912:
907:
902:
901:
891:
888:
885:
879:
878:
873:
868:
867:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
844:
841:
839:
836:
835:
830:
825:
824:
814:
811:
808:
802:
801:
797:
794:
792:
789:
788:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
768:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
752:
746:
745:
741:
738:
736:
733:
732:
727:
722:
721:
711:
708:
705:
701:
698:
697:
693:
690:
688:
685:
684:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
640:
635:
634:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
593:
590:
589:
584:
579:
578:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
555:
553:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
530:
527:
524:
520:
517:
516:
512:
509:
507:
504:
503:
498:
493:
492:
482:
479:
477:
474:
473:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
453:
451:
447:
446:
441:
436:
435:
425:
422:
420:
416:
415:
411:
408:
406:
405:Tenth Dynasty
403:
402:
398:
395:
393:
392:Ninth Dynasty
390:
389:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
358:
353:
352:
342:
339:
337:
336:Sixth Dynasty
334:
333:
329:
326:
324:
323:Fifth Dynasty
321:
320:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
303:
300:
298:
297:Third Dynasty
295:
294:
289:
284:
283:
273:
270:
268:
265:
264:
257:
254:
252:
251:First Dynasty
249:
248:
245:
243:
241:
238:
237:
232:
227:
226:
222:
217:
216:
213:
212:ancient Egypt
209:
205:
202:
201:
181:
179:
176:
175:
172:
166:
163:
156:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
143:
140:
139:
135:
131:
127:
121:
117:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
44:
39:
34:
27:
22:
2148:Famine Stela
2127:Beit Khallaf
2051:Other people
2030:Nefer-Setekh
1962:Other royals
1847:
1790:
1761:
1757:
1756:Silke Roth:
1752:
1736:
1731:
1707:
1697:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1625:
1617:
1612:, pp. 81–90.
1601:
1597:
1592:
1584:
1562:
1524:
1520:
1500:
1490:
1466:
1459:
1455:Step Pyramid
1409:
1331:Beit Khallaf
1228:Regnal years
1211:
1178:
1158:
1154:
1127:
1121:
1042:
1012:
1005:
1003:
949:
943:
920:
296:
147:Succeeded by
146:
141:
2020:Khabawsokar
1948:Meresankh I
1933:Djefatnebti
1440:Khasekhemwy
1436:Khasekhemwy
1403:Meresankh I
1399:Djefatnebti
1375:Uncertain,
1244:Netjerikhet
1234:Consort(s)
1185:Khasekhemwy
1130:Khasekhemwy
1017:Old Kingdom
1013:Dynasty III
872:Roman Egypt
726:Late Period
583:New Kingdom
288:Old Kingdom
142:Preceded by
2163:Categories
2064:Merit-Ptah
2042:Pehernefer
2036:Pehen-Ptah
1867:Sekhemkhet
1745:0415260116
1546:References
1521:Hudjeta II
1501:Tosertasis
1493:Sekhemkhet
1279:Sekhemkhet
1222:Horus-name
1201:Sekhemkhet
1142:Nebty name
1138:Sekhemkhet
942:See also:
921:speculated
128:c. 2613 BC
118:c. 2686 BC
103:Bronze Age
89:Government
2070:Nyibunesu
2015:Kagemni I
1983:Officials
1953:Nimaathap
1681:0002-9483
1610:0065-9991
1339:(unknown)
1205:Nimaathap
1089:Hudjefa I
625:1189–1077
612:1292–1189
599:1549–1292
569:1580–1549
556:1650–1600
544:1660–1600
531:1674–1535
513:1705–1690
483:1803–1649
470:1991–1803
457:2061–1991
426:2134–2061
412:2130–2040
399:2160–2130
386:2181–2160
343:2345–2181
330:2498–2345
317:2613–2498
304:2686–2613
274:2890–2686
261:3150–2890
208:dynasties
79:Religion
2141:Artefact
2120:Mastabas
2079:Pyramids
2010:Inykhnum
1974:Mesen-ka
1969:Inetkaes
1907:Qahedjet
1855:Pharaohs
1802:2613 BCE
1705:(2015).
1486:Qahedjet
1484:or even
1451:pyramids
1377:Qahedjet
1274:Djoserty
1254:19 or 28
1181:pharaohs
1146:Qahedjet
1122:unlikely
1085:Djoserti
1055:and the
1039:Overview
655:1069–945
373:spurious
2000:Hesy-Ra
1995:Akhetaa
1990:Imhotep
1872:Sanakht
1713:140–145
1689:1562056
1447:Imhotep
1420:pharaoh
1412:Manetho
1395: ?
1379: ?
1315:Sanakht
1294:Saqqara
1258:Saqqara
1197:Sanakht
1117:Manetho
1065:Manetho
1033:Memphis
999:Saqqara
845:332–305
815:343–332
798:380–343
785:398–380
772:404–398
759:525–404
742:672–525
712:732–653
694:732–720
681:837–728
668:945–720
204:Periods
63:Memphis
59:Capital
52:Saqqara
2025:Metjen
2005:Hetepi
1917:Sedjes
1862:Djoser
1768:
1743:
1719:
1687:
1679:
1638:
1608:
1565:, 2004
1525:Sednes
1468:serekh
1453:, the
1444:vizier
1424:Djoser
1410:While
1393:Meidum
1240:Djoser
1231:Burial
1175:Rulers
1161:Petrie
1104:Sedjes
1091:, and
1081:Djoser
1075:gives
1049:Djoser
1021:Fourth
995:Djoser
858:305–30
855:XXXIII
769:XXVIII
704:Nubian
523:Hyksos
417:Early
1912:Nebka
1877:Khaba
1509:Khaba
1482:Khaba
1428:Khufu
1343:Khaba
1310:Nebka
1193:Nebka
1169:Nubia
1165:Sudan
1150:Khaba
1134:Horus
1077:Nebka
1029:Sixth
1025:Fifth
889:XXXIV
842:XXXII
756:XXVII
678:XXIII
596:XVIII
448:Late
231:Early
2058:Sepa
1882:Huni
1798:2686
1766:ISBN
1741:ISBN
1717:ISBN
1685:PMID
1677:ISSN
1636:ISBN
1606:ISSN
1600:In:
1523:and
1474:Huni
1371:Huni
1179:The
1109:The
1098:The
1093:Huni
1071:The
1027:and
1004:The
927:XXXV
812:XXXI
782:XXIX
739:XXVI
691:XXIV
665:XXII
566:XVII
480:XIII
383:VIII
206:and
1796:c.
1760:(=
1669:doi
1632:480
1515:at
1290:6–7
997:at
795:XXX
709:XXV
652:XXI
609:XIX
541:XVI
510:XIV
467:XII
370:VII
301:III
210:of
50:at
2165::
1715:.
1683:.
1675:.
1665:87
1663:.
1659:.
1634:.
1570:^
1554:^
1476:.
1457:.
1389:24
1360::
1296::
1260::
1207:.
1171:.
1087:,
1083:,
1079:,
1035:.
1023:,
622:XX
528:XV
454:XI
423:XI
396:IX
340:VI
314:IV
271:II
259:c.
221:BC
2062:(
2038:)
2034:(
1840:e
1833:t
1826:v
1800:–
1725:.
1691:.
1671::
1644:.
1195:/
1095:.
1011:(
978:e
971:t
964:v
923:)
919:(
706:)
702:(
525:)
521:(
409:X
327:V
255:I
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
