2022:
6439:
2053:
5876:
5016:
3648:
4611:
8103:
4320:
7733:
2034:
6269:
2122:
4283:
3708:
4862:
8455:
6496:
174:
77:
5190:
4058:
8445:
3683:
5461:
4268:
7317:
7208:
3891:
3008:
8764:
5530:
6524:
504:
2138:
57:
905:
7550:
3293:
4542:
5638:
4455:
4278:
197:
100:
245:
229:
213:
181:
148:
132:
116:
84:
5633:
5185:
4857:
4450:
4263:
5750:
4712:
3695:
2052:
2021:
1897:
had based their culture on the raising of crops and the domestication of animals. Shortly after 3600 BC Egyptian society began to grow and advance rapidly toward refined civilization. A new and distinctive pottery, which was related to the pottery in the
Southern Levant, appeared during this time.
1970:
It seems certain that Egypt became unified as a cultural and economic domain long before its first king ascended to the throne in the lower
Egyptian city of Memphis. Political unification proceeded gradually, perhaps over a period of a few centuries, as local districts established trading networks
2445:
with almost every type of artifact: architecture (fortifications, embankments and buildings), pottery, vessels, tools, weapons, seals, etc. 20 serekhs attributed to Narmer — the first ruler of the Early
Dynastic Period — have been found in Canaan. There is also evidence of Egyptian settlement and
1982:
It was also during this period that the
Egyptian writing system was further developed. Initially, Egyptian writing had been composed primarily of a few symbols denoting amounts of various substances. By the end of the 3rd dynasty it had been expanded to include more than 200 symbols, both
1945:, who was identified with Upper Egypt. Divine kingship, which would persist in Egypt for the next three millennia, was firmly established as the basis of Egypt's government. The unification of societies along the Nile has also been linked to the end of the
2106:) and may therefore be the first king to achieve the unification. Consequently, the current consensus is that "Menes" and "Narmer" refer to the same person. Alternative theories hold that Narmer was the final king of the Naqada III period and
1816:
Before the unification of Egypt, the land was settled with autonomous villages. With the early dynasties, and for much of Egypt's history thereafter, the country came to be known as "The Two Lands" (referencing Upper and Lower Egypt). The
2033:
2094:. This shows that Narmer was recognized by the first dynasty kings as an important founding figure. Narmer is also the earliest king associated to the symbols of power over the two lands (see in particular the
6438:
2712:
The Nile Delta in
Transition: 4th.-3rd. Millennium B.C. : Proceedings of the Seminar Held in Cairo, 21.-24. October 1990, at the Netherlands Institute of Archaeology and Arabic Studies
8737:
8691:
2697:
1971:
and as the ability of their governments to organize agriculture labor on a larger scale increased. Divine kingship may also have gained spiritual momentum as the cults of gods like
1937:
representing Lower Egypt - a sign of the unified rule of both parts of Egypt which was followed by all succeeding rulers. In mythology, the unification of Egypt is portrayed as the
8707:
2454:
came to an end. By the Early
Dynastic Period, the Egyptian state had likely imposed its authority as far north as modern Tel Aviv and as far south as the second cataract in Nubia.
1952:
Funeral practices for the peasants would have been the same as in predynastic times, but the rich demanded more elaborate rituals. Thus, the
Egyptians began construction of the
8712:
8705:
8726:
462:
437:
3524:
3229:
1722:
8713:
1821:
established a national administration and appointed royal governors, and buildings of the central government were typically open-air temples constructed of wood or
2935:
8752:
4971:
8699:
8682:
8738:
5100:
4976:
2121:
8701:
1925:
defeated his enemies on the Delta and merged both the
Kingdom of Upper and Lower Egypt under his single rule. Narmer is shown on palettes wearing the
8710:
5393:
7732:
5015:
2709:
Naomi Porat (1992). "An
Egyptian Colony in Southern Palestine During the Late Predynastic to Early Dynastic". In Edwin C. M. van den Brink (ed.).
4831:
819:
173:
8698:
8735:
5771:
5492:
5403:
5092:
4807:
4749:
4745:
3517:
3222:
1715:
8725:
5049:
5045:
4753:
2928:
8728:
8708:
8733:
8729:
8694:
8661:
8458:
5496:
5303:
4874:
4837:
4803:
4378:
4374:
3707:
8689:
8688:
8702:
8102:
4661:
4505:
4370:
4366:
3647:
2127:
933:
76:
8730:
5389:
5385:
5299:
5096:
3853:
8739:
5500:
4757:
3510:
3215:
2426:
1708:
8743:
1921:
also underwent a unification process. Warfare between Upper and Lower Egypt occurred often. During his reign in Upper Egypt, King
8788:
8719:
8718:
2921:
8734:
8684:
4903:
4657:
4637:
1906:, and architectural building principles—including the use of the arch and recessed walls for decorative effect—became popular.
1850:
1848:
8722:
8721:
8720:
8714:
4610:
4319:
8724:
8683:
8612:
8565:
8535:
2851:
2720:
8742:
8723:
2086:. Indeed, Narmer is the earliest recorded First Dynasty monarch. Narmer appears first on the necropolis seal impressions of
8717:
8716:
8704:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8748:
6859:
4354:
4206:
4063:
2058:
Damaged basalt head of a foreigner, from a door socket. Early
Dynastic Period, 1st to 2nd Dynasties. From Thebes, Egypt.
1909:
Concurrent with these cultural advances, a process of unification of the societies and towns of the upper Nile River, or
1242:
589:
8715:
7529:
5208:
2769:
2685:
1384:
1102:
856:
809:
609:
569:
2892:
2870:
2823:
2742:
2698:
Hegemony for Beginners: Egyptian Activity in the Southern Levant during the Second Half of the Fourth Millennium B.C.
2507:
8747:
8731:
8686:
8685:
5875:
2593:
8687:
8654:
7523:
1494:
522:
8750:
8711:
7596:
7143:
7067:
1696:
1510:
1432:
1406:
949:
926:
8745:
8749:
8746:
8706:
8448:
8428:
7710:
7617:
7602:
7440:
7310:
7111:
6810:
6495:
1810:
1596:
1550:
1523:
1480:
1449:
1445:
1419:
1393:
8736:
8732:
8249:
8058:
8034:
7434:
6414:
2039:
A plate created during the Early Dynastic period of Ancient Egypt. It depicts a man on a boat alongside a
1471:
1307:
619:
2441:
Egyptian settlement and colonization are attested from about 3200 BC onward all over the area of southern
7671:
6710:
6509:
6056:
6050:
4297:
3653:
1350:
1337:
1251:
1221:
886:
8741:
8727:
8767:
8647:
8298:
8154:
7917:
7608:
7418:
6764:
6426:
6394:
6388:
4595:
1996:
1536:
1363:
1282:
1264:
953:
8700:
8695:
8693:
8740:
8435:
8043:
7929:
7911:
7761:
7423:
7287:
6988:
6803:
5700:
2191:
1802:
1195:
1164:
919:
483:
298:
2649:
8703:
8696:
8421:
8066:
8063:
7986:
7956:
7899:
7885:
7291:
6275:
6013:
5430:
5214:
4057:
2027:
Limestone head of a king, its provenance is unknown and has no inscriptions (Petrie Museum, London)
1829:
appear just before this period, though little is known of the spoken language that they represent.
1208:
1111:
692:
540:
6268:
2885:
The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformations in North-East Africa, c. 10,000 to 2,650 BC
8081:
8009:
7983:
7959:
7953:
7938:
7850:
7786:
7751:
7695:
7644:
7217:
5694:
5475:
5220:
4528:
3986:
3238:
2816:
Whose Pharaohs? Archaeology, Museums, and Egyptian National Identity from Napoleon to World War I
2309:
2234:
1984:
1771:
1185:
1124:
1055:
1012:
847:
579:
8709:
8692:
8744:
8244:
8234:
8024:
8019:
8014:
7974:
7965:
7908:
7888:
7882:
7876:
7873:
7864:
7792:
7789:
7780:
7680:
7659:
7273:
7047:
6979:
6889:
6633:
6627:
6108:
5563:
5422:
4987:
4768:
4308:
4282:
4242:
3885:
3658:
2944:
2178:
2069:
1767:
1150:
1137:
1081:
1068:
1042:
996:
8555:
4861:
3890:
2011:—are also first seen, painted on jars and impressed on their sealings. These goods were often
8604:
Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History
8525:
8488:
8410:
8287:
7947:
7923:
7879:
7867:
7861:
7858:
7813:
7807:
7783:
7748:
7704:
7692:
7689:
7686:
7674:
7668:
7656:
7650:
7469:
7379:
7376:
7367:
6930:
5007:
1756:
8602:
8454:
4267:
16:
Era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt (c. 3150 BC – c. 2686 BC)
8690:
7855:
7804:
7713:
7707:
7677:
7279:
7232:
7220:
7044:
6985:
6609:
6503:
6326:
5853:
5001:
4522:
3939:
3309:
3160:
1946:
1869:
1826:
1806:
1786:
1328:
1033:
599:
559:
455:
7316:
8:
8697:
8360:
8215:
7920:
7870:
7795:
7745:
7698:
7683:
7662:
7361:
7347:
7235:
7168:
6991:
6882:
6824:
6588:
6261:
6101:
5820:
5625:
5442:
5255:
4571:
3782:
2499:
2493:
2204:
789:
20:
8586:
8400:
8277:
7838:
7777:
7771:
7299:
7263:
7176:
7157:
7053:
7050:
7003:
6969:
6966:
6921:
6612:
6597:
6582:
6258:
6255:
6246:
6005:
5180:
4908:
4181:
4034:
3951:
3754:
3277:
2249:
1574:
866:
829:
701:
7056:
1813:, and many aspects of Egyptian religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic Period.
8671:
8608:
8561:
8531:
7824:
7798:
7774:
7756:
7556:
7477:
7385:
7254:
7226:
7041:
7009:
7000:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6924:
6912:
6827:
6748:
6600:
6594:
6561:
6555:
6126:
5999:
5863:
5685:
5411:
5010:
5004:
4812:
4780:
4325:
3534:
2888:
2866:
2847:
2841:
2819:
2716:
2503:
2397:
2279:
1690:
1661:
985:
751:
741:
721:
711:
654:
513:
442:
288:
8639:
5988:
8484:
8396:
8342:
8273:
8260:
8239:
8204:
8053:
7841:
7810:
7665:
7641:
7409:
7406:
7400:
7355:
7248:
7229:
7223:
7179:
7162:
7006:
6997:
6994:
6918:
6915:
6753:
6638:
6225:
5315:
5249:
5237:
4930:
4477:
3767:
3170:
2382:
2367:
2352:
2337:
2324:
2099:
1967:
and centralization contributed to the success of the state for the next 800 years.
1930:
876:
771:
492:
313:
3502:
3207:
8405:
8391:
8366:
8319:
8282:
8268:
8092:
7941:
7894:
7801:
7766:
7638:
7633:
7561:
7535:
7391:
7266:
7260:
7245:
7238:
7192:
7182:
7015:
6960:
6954:
6951:
6897:
6845:
6681:
6615:
6603:
6591:
6579:
6564:
6543:
6462:
6366:
6363:
6337:
6252:
6231:
6219:
6186:
6180:
6150:
6072:
5882:
5234:
5189:
5143:
5137:
5127:
4917:
4017:
3995:
3762:
3475:
3262:
3257:
3150:
3101:
2913:
2710:
2631:
2451:
2219:
2103:
1934:
1651:
761:
62:
8444:
3682:
56:
8303:
7847:
7740:
7629:
7582:
7543:
7486:
7388:
7324:
7242:
7201:
7195:
7185:
7173:
6957:
6945:
6933:
6853:
6742:
6696:
6606:
6576:
6540:
6404:
6249:
6228:
6222:
6213:
6165:
6135:
6117:
6092:
6080:
5992:
5849:
5720:
5571:
5433:
5427:
5330:
5322:
5258:
5231:
5195:
5028:
4795:
4792:
4693:
4101:
3866:
3772:
3749:
3641:
3155:
2475:
2095:
1790:
1583:
1295:
674:
644:
278:
203:
106:
2908:
8782:
8598:
8521:
8506:
8378:
8310:
8190:
7835:
7832:
7585:
7579:
7539:
7495:
7403:
7364:
7198:
7137:
7038:
7035:
6963:
6948:
6909:
6906:
6849:
6788:
6670:
6376:
6369:
6346:
6240:
6234:
6198:
6120:
6076:
6033:
5825:
5723:
5717:
5675:
5574:
5377:
5339:
5112:
4998:
4912:
4722:
4673:
4428:
4412:
4105:
4031:
3992:
3966:
3960:
3921:
3862:
3833:
3558:
3470:
3370:
3272:
3252:
3180:
3176:
2982:
2880:
2264:
2154:
2087:
1798:
1794:
1752:
1627:
966:
957:
799:
235:
138:
5460:
2620:
The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Egypt pg 22-23 (1997) By Bill Manley
8551:
8348:
8226:
8160:
8078:
8069:
8000:
7926:
7829:
7573:
7474:
7397:
7251:
7207:
7087:
7012:
6972:
6903:
6900:
6894:
6833:
6785:
6773:
6687:
6664:
6657:
6573:
6567:
6537:
6349:
6321:
6303:
6294:
6243:
6036:
6030:
6024:
5929:
5899:
5705:
5617:
5514:
5451:
5399:
5228:
4953:
4888:
4878:
4789:
4740:
4625:
4605:
4601:
4386:
4250:
4110:
4090:
4043:
4002:
3789:
3744:
3593:
3578:
3449:
3406:
3334:
3314:
3165:
2040:
1957:
909:
8363:
8354:
8209:
8163:
8148:
8139:
8133:
8075:
7977:
7935:
7905:
7902:
7844:
7701:
7653:
7564:
7483:
7480:
7463:
7373:
7188:
7131:
7128:
7125:
7100:
7090:
7078:
6927:
6868:
6821:
6797:
6791:
6782:
6776:
6721:
6684:
6667:
6651:
6585:
6570:
6558:
6546:
6517:
6484:
6481:
6343:
6318:
6315:
6309:
6216:
6177:
6174:
6162:
6147:
6144:
6132:
6039:
6027:
6018:
5967:
5961:
5911:
5908:
5896:
5893:
5829:
5806:
5789:
5775:
5766:
5536:
5465:
5455:
5307:
5292:
5286:
5270:
5267:
5170:
5149:
5059:
5022:
4945:
4786:
4576:
4501:
4496:
4489:
4459:
4445:
4408:
4258:
4167:
4082:
4052:
4038:
3807:
3793:
3738:
3673:
3603:
3573:
3391:
3329:
3282:
1979:
associated with living representatives became widespread in the country.
1964:
1942:
1918:
1910:
1899:
1617:
664:
357:
5529:
1956:
which became models for the later Old Kingdom constructions such as the
8372:
8369:
8351:
8328:
8313:
8307:
8187:
8184:
8142:
8130:
8124:
8109:
7980:
7971:
7968:
7962:
7944:
7914:
7722:
7647:
7588:
7454:
7394:
7257:
7151:
7122:
7119:
7116:
7104:
7096:
7084:
7072:
6818:
6794:
6779:
6715:
6677:
6654:
6648:
6552:
6291:
6123:
6021:
5980:
5970:
5964:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5914:
5902:
5890:
5887:
5857:
5803:
5800:
5613:
5592:
5568:
5544:
5373:
5264:
5261:
5252:
5243:
5162:
5053:
4939:
4894:
4882:
4726:
4564:
4560:
4509:
4330:
4238:
4164:
4160:
3904:
3777:
3727:
3721:
3454:
3411:
3080:
3058:
3022:
1992:
1914:
1775:
6523:
2007:
representing the niched or gated façade of a palace surmounted by the
8381:
8324:
8181:
8151:
8145:
8136:
8121:
8115:
8097:
8072:
7950:
7932:
7719:
7716:
7576:
7503:
7489:
7460:
7448:
7370:
7341:
7081:
7075:
6840:
6770:
6727:
6724:
6673:
6456:
6373:
6359:
6356:
6312:
6306:
6288:
6210:
6201:
6171:
6168:
6159:
6141:
6138:
5976:
5973:
5837:
5833:
5809:
5757:
5744:
5714:
5609:
5605:
5483:
5343:
5080:
5075:
5071:
5040:
4957:
4934:
4898:
4783:
4706:
4629:
4621:
4588:
4485:
4469:
4441:
4404:
4273:
4231:
4048:
3927:
3813:
3423:
3375:
3324:
2992:
2673:
2661:
2044:
2004:
1890:
1822:
503:
1789:. With the First Dynasty, the Egyptian capital moved from Thinis to
8331:
8157:
8118:
8112:
7989:
7570:
7567:
7512:
7509:
7451:
7382:
7332:
7295:
7148:
6690:
6549:
6531:
6514:
6452:
6379:
6353:
6300:
6282:
6192:
6067:
5958:
5949:
5937:
5905:
5869:
5845:
5795:
5763:
5739:
5711:
5681:
5669:
5662:
5648:
5642:
5577:
5487:
5469:
5381:
5359:
5355:
5240:
5166:
4995:
4949:
4926:
4921:
4852:
4847:
4816:
4633:
4557:
4553:
4546:
4424:
4345:
4190:
4022:
4012:
4007:
3998:
3934:
3917:
3688:
3635:
3444:
3417:
3396:
3354:
3349:
3339:
3319:
3267:
3132:
3075:
3064:
3048:
3027:
2137:
1988:
1903:
731:
8560:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 532–534 (Chronological Tables).
7549:
8384:
8212:
8193:
8178:
8172:
8166:
7500:
7445:
7338:
7335:
7283:
7134:
6876:
6815:
6736:
6730:
6471:
6465:
6237:
6207:
6062:
5952:
5917:
5708:
5651:
5552:
5521:
5225:
4774:
4717:
4646:
4541:
4533:
4398:
4333:
4140:
4137:
4122:
4118:
3930:
3924:
3908:
3786:
3401:
3116:
3085:
3053:
3043:
2997:
2987:
2967:
2650:
http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/hesyra/Egyptgallery03.html
2107:
2091:
2075:
1953:
1926:
1818:
5637:
1941:
and identified with Lower Egypt, as conquering and subduing the
8175:
8169:
8127:
8038:
7506:
7457:
7032:
Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Babylonian dynasties ("Period of Chaos")
6830:
6733:
6718:
6702:
6447:
6432:
6297:
6204:
6195:
6129:
6086:
5955:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5841:
5813:
5754:
5645:
5540:
5367:
5246:
5158:
5146:
4777:
4734:
4699:
4680:
4652:
4549:
4481:
4419:
4362:
4314:
4223:
4194:
4150:
4147:
4097:
4027:
3945:
3898:
3848:
3823:
3818:
3797:
3614:
3588:
3563:
3491:
3428:
3344:
3292:
3196:
3106:
2962:
2442:
2294:
2083:
2000:
1961:
1922:
1748:
1268:
338:
274:
251:
219:
187:
154:
122:
90:
8681:
5632:
5184:
4856:
4454:
4449:
4277:
4262:
1898:
Extensive use of copper became common during this period. The
8375:
8357:
6872:
6478:
6459:
5525:
5436:
5407:
5334:
5066:
4730:
4617:
4536:
4464:
4341:
4337:
4219:
4157:
4153:
4114:
3901:
3843:
3838:
3828:
3801:
3583:
3111:
3070:
2958:
2447:
2145:
2079:
2078:, the first monarch of the unified Upper and Lower Egypt was
2012:
2008:
1976:
1972:
1938:
5749:
4711:
2563:(Charles Scribner's Sons Publishers: New York, 1966), p. 53.
7329:
7093:
7020:
6864:
6620:
5731:
5586:
5508:
5349:
5277:
5106:
4992:
4823:
4798:
4686:
4667:
4436:
4394:
4349:
4289:
4227:
4174:
4143:
4072:
3972:
3914:
3911:
3858:
3702:
3694:
3664:
3624:
3608:
3598:
3568:
2977:
2972:
2526:(Charles Scribner's Sons Publishing: New York, 1966) p. 51.
2169:
2015:"abroad through the northern Sinai to southern Palestine."
1894:
1805:; the hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as
5326:
19:"Thinite Period" redirects here. Not to be confused with
8495:. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. pp. 48–49.
1774:, lasting from the end of the archaeological culture of
4963:
3619:
8474:
Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional.
2863:
Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security
8669:
5995:
Ilum-gamil Anam of Uruk Irdanene Rim-Anum Nabi-ilišu
5063:
Anbu, Anba, Bazi, Zizi of Mari, Limer, Sharrum-iter
2571:
2569:
3532:
3237:
2743:
Ancient Egyptian brewery found in downtown Tel Aviv
2686:
Southern Canaan as an Egyptian Protodynastic Colony
2550:(Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1966) p. 52-53.
1913:, occurred. At the same time, the societies of the
1793:, with the unified land being ruled by an Egyptian
4866:(King of Lagash, Sumer, Akkad, conqueror of Elam)
2943:
2566:
2430:Early Dynastic Egypt, with contemporary cultures
8780:
2770:The Middle Kingdom Egyptian Fortresses in Nubia.
2113:
259:Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) (Northeast Africa)
2753:
8655:
3518:
3223:
2929:
2758:. Universidad de Jaen. pp. 370, Table 8.
2756:Los primeros reyes y la unificación de Egipto
1751:, the hometown of its rulers), is the era of
1716:
927:
8509:. cdli.ox.ac.uk. University of Oxford, CNRS.
8483:
5987:: Alila-hadum Sumu-binasa Naram-Sin of Uruk
4580:"King of Ur and Kish", victorious over Uruk
1755:that immediately follows the unification of
8519:
7736:Seleukos I Nikator Tetradrachm from Babylon
2708:
8662:
8648:
3525:
3511:
3230:
3216:
2936:
2922:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
1723:
1709:
934:
920:
8436:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia
5032:"King of the four quarters of the world"
2860:
2702:
2587:
2585:
8607:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 5.
2887:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
2629:
8452:
2879:
2529:
1766:. It is generally taken to include the
8781:
8581:
8579:
8577:
8317:
7547:
7345:
5125:
5116:(Governor of Umma, King of all Sumer)
5020:
3944:
2794:
2638:. Oxford University Press. p. 75.
2582:
2395:
1691:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
8643:
8597:
8442:
8409:
8404:
8395:
8347:
8286:
8281:
8272:
8267:
8258:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8224:
8090:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8042:
8033:
8023:
8018:
8007:
7998:
7892:
7627:
7534:
7432:
7422:
7308:
7156:
7065:
6887:
6880:
6838:
6762:
6740:
6708:
6694:
6663:
6647:
6521:
6493:
6469:
6424:
6385:
6330:
6266:
6099:
6084:
6061:
6048:
6011:
5861:
5818:
5692:
5668:
5660:
5623:
5561:
5550:
5520:
5504:
5473:
5440:
5420:
5398:
5365:
5274:
5206:
5194:
5153:
5065:
5057:
4985:
4766:
4520:
4513:
4475:
4402:
4384:
4353:
4306:
4272:
4257:
4249:
4236:
4217:
4205:
4188:
4172:
4135:
4088:
4062:
3984:
3949:
3877:
3701:
3670:
3663:
3652:
3633:
3506:
3211:
2917:
2408:
2380:
2365:
2350:
2335:
2322:
2307:
2292:
2277:
2262:
2247:
2189:
2176:
2125:
1832:
162:Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) (Egypt)
8550:
2839:
2813:
2799:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 29.
2491:
2232:
2217:
2167:
2152:
2143:
2134:
8574:
2843:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2754:Jiménez-Serrano, Alejandro (2007).
2715:. Van den Brink. pp. 433–440.
2636:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2591:
2498:. Oxford University Press. p.
2495:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2482:. Blackwell Publishing, 1992, p. 49
2202:
13:
8530:. Getty Publications. p. 14.
8449:Chronology of the Neolithic period
8101:
7731:
7548:
7530:First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
7315:
7206:
6522:
6494:
6437:
6267:
5874:
5528:
3889:
2833:
2818:. University of California Press.
2674:http://narmer.org/inscription/4048
2662:http://narmer.org/inscription/1553
2110:is to be identified with "Menes".
14:
8815:
8106:Coin of Ardashir I, Hamadan mint.
6442:Pharaoh Ahmose I slaying a Hyksos
4253:("made the land of Elam submit")
2902:
1933:representing Upper Egypt and the
8763:
8762:
8527:Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins
8453:
8443:
5748:
5636:
5631:
5459:
5188:
5183:
5014:
4860:
4855:
4710:
4609:
4540:
4453:
4448:
4318:
4281:
4276:
4266:
4261:
4056:
3706:
3693:
3681:
3646:
3291:
3006:
2136:
2120:
2063:
2051:
2032:
2020:
903:
502:
460:
435:
243:
227:
211:
195:
179:
172:
146:
130:
114:
98:
82:
75:
55:
8591:
8544:
8513:
8499:
8477:
8468:
7524:Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
3239:Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
2846:. UK: Oxford University Press.
2788:
2775:
2762:
2747:
2736:
2690:
2678:
2666:
2654:
2642:
2104:crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt
196:
99:
8789:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
8459:Rulers of Ancient Central Asia
7597:Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt
7144:Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt
7068:Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt
5630:"Kings of Ur, Sumer and Akkad"
2945:First Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
2623:
2614:
2553:
2516:
2485:
2469:
1697:Periodization of ancient Egypt
244:
228:
212:
180:
147:
131:
115:
83:
30:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
1:
8429:Muslim conquest of the Levant
7675:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
7618:Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
7603:Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt
7441:Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
7311:Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
7112:Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt
6811:Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt
2814:Reid, Donald Malcolm (2003).
2462:
2431:
2114:Egyptians in Canaan and Nubia
2082:, who is now identified with
1893:Egyptian societies along the
1801:remained the major centre of
1779:
1760:
1004:
401:
386:
348:
329:
43:
36:
6978:Fourth Babylonian dynasty ("
3712:(Uruk influence or control)
2797:Ancient Egyptian Imperialism
262:Show map of Northeast Africa
7:
7672:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
6711:Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6510:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6057:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6051:Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
5311:(Vassals of the Akkadians)
4298:Indus-Mesopotamia relations
3699:(Anonymous "King-priests")
3654:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
2102:showing Narmer wearing the
10:
8820:
8804:3rd millennium BC in Egypt
8799:4th millennium BC in Egypt
8794:Dynasties of ancient Egypt
8464:
8299:Sasanian conquest of Egypt
7726:
7609:Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
7493:
7467:
7419:Assyrian conquest of Egypt
6765:Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
6530:Third Babylonian dynasty (
6427:Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6389:Second Intermediate Period
5199:(vassal of the Akkadians)
4587:
3732:Early or legendary kings:
2807:
2577:The World of Ancient Times
2561:The World of Ancient Times
2548:The World of Ancient Times
2524:The World of Ancient Times
2480:A History of Ancient Egypt
2067:
1840:
1785:, or the beginning of the
18:
8758:
8678:
8433:
8426:
8419:
8390:
8340:
8337:
8296:
8255:
8221:
8202:
8044:Parthamaspates of Parthia
8030:
7995:
7854:
7822:
7615:
7594:
7521:
7518:
7424:Assyrian conquest of Elam
7417:
7305:
7271:
7205:
7166:
7030:
7019:
6976:
6804:Third Intermediate Period
6619:
6490:
6334:Second Babylonian dynasty
6279:("Old Babylonian Period")
6045:
5997:
5761:
5729:
5701:Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt
5673:
5657:
5604:
5601:
5584:
5506:
5491:
5450:
5417:
5363:
5347:
5321:
5313:
5284:
5209:First Intermediate Period
5203:
5179:
5135:
5120:
5104:
5079:
5070:
5044:
5039:
4851:
4830:
4811:
4802:
4763:
4738:
4721:
4697:
4684:
4679:
4665:
4650:
4641:
4593:
4569:
4494:
4434:
4417:
4382:
4361:
4355:Early Dynastic Period III
4303:
4287:
4215:
4213:
4202:
4129:
4080:
4070:
3981:
3958:
3874:
3805:
3736:
3719:
3716:
3657:
3630:
3557:
3541:
3484:
3463:
3437:
3384:
3363:
3300:
3289:
3245:
3189:
3141:
3125:
3094:
3036:
3015:
3004:
2951:
1803:ancient Egyptian religion
665:Roman and Byzantine Egypt
414:
410:
395:
380:
376:
368:
364:
345:
326:
322:
312:
304:
294:
284:
270:
70:
52:
35:
28:
8422:Muslim conquest of Egypt
7886:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
7717:Cleopatra VII Philopator
7214:Eight Babylonian Dynasty
6276:First Babylonian dynasty
6014:Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
5518:(vassal of the Gutians)
5215:Seventh Dynasty of Egypt
4207:Early Dynastic Period II
2861:Wilkinson, Toby (2001).
2648:Qa'a and Merneith lists
2457:
1939:falcon-god, called Horus
8507:"Rulers of Mesopotamia"
8250:Province of Mesopotamia
8059:Province of Mesopotamia
8035:Province of Mesopotamia
8010:Roman conquest of Egypt
7851:Antigonus II Mattathias
7645:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
7218:Ninurta-kudurri-usur II
5695:Middle Kingdom of Egypt
5221:Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
4529:Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
4064:Early Dynastic Period I
3987:Second Dynasty of Egypt
2865:. New York: Routledge.
2781:Drower, Margaret 1970:
2594:"Early Dynastic Period"
2492:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000).
610:3rd Intermediate Period
590:2nd Intermediate Period
570:1st Intermediate Period
8107:
7889:Philip II Philoromaeus
7883:Antiochus XII Dionysus
7877:Demetrius III Eucaerus
7874:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
7865:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
7737:
7705:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
7660:Arsinoe III Philopator
7553:
7321:
7211:
7048:Ninurta-kudurri-usur I
6980:Second Dynasty of Isin
6527:
6500:
6443:
6272:
6155:(Non-dynastic usurpers
5879:
5564:Tenth Dynasty of Egypt
5533:
5423:Ninth Dynasty of Egypt
4988:Sixth Dynasty of Egypt
4769:Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
4596:Second kingdom of Mari
4309:Third Dynasty of Egypt
4243:Dumuzid, the Fisherman
3895:
3886:First Dynasty of Egypt
2795:Morris, Ellen (2018).
2783:Nubia, A Drowning Land
2696:Branislav Anđelković,
2684:Branislav Anđelković,
2601:The Ancient Egypt Site
2070:First Dynasty of Egypt
1999:of signs, where royal
1495:Twenty-seventh Dynasty
8493:The Ancient Near East
8411:Byzantine Mesopotamia
8325:Province of Asoristan
8288:Byzantine Mesopotamia
8105:
8098:Province of Asoristan
7880:Philip I Philadelphus
7868:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
7862:Antiochus VIII Grypus
7859:Seleucus V Philometor
7814:Antiochus VII Sidetes
7808:Antiochus VI Dionysus
7735:
7708:Berenice IV Epiphanea
7669:Ptolemy VI Philometor
7657:Ptolemy IV Philopator
7654:Berenice II Euergetis
7651:Ptolemy III Euergetes
7552:
7470:Neo-Babylonian Empire
7380:Marduk-apla-iddina II
7377:Marduk-zakir-shumi II
7368:Marduk-apla-iddina II
7319:
7274:Humban-Tahrid dynasty
7210:
6931:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur
6621:Middle Elamite period
6526:
6498:
6441:
6271:
5878:
5532:
5287:Third kingdom of Mari
5008:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
4083:First kingdom of Mari
3893:
3880:Early Dynastic Period
3722:Proto-Dynastic period
1991:. In all likelihood,
1811:Egyptian architecture
1757:Upper and Lower Egypt
1737:Early Dynastic Period
1628:Thirty-fourth Dynasty
1584:Thirty-second Dynasty
1511:Twenty-eighth Dynasty
1433:Twenty-fourth Dynasty
1407:Twenty-second Dynasty
550:Early Dynastic Period
285:Common languages
7856:Alexander II Zabinas
7720:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
7696:Ptolemy XI Alexander
7678:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
7233:Marduk-zakir-shumi I
7221:Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina
7045:Eulmash-shakin-shumi
6986:Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
6610:Marduk-apla-iddina I
6504:New Kingdom of Egypt
6327:Early Kassite rulers
5621:(Vassals of Ur III)
5602:(Vassals of UR III)
5002:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
4972:Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna II
4523:Old Kingdom of Egypt
3161:Den seal impressions
2446:occupation in lower
2427:class=notpageimage|
1947:African humid period
1827:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1662:Thirty-fifth Dynasty
1597:Thirty-third Dynasty
1553:(2nd Persian Period)
1551:Thirty-first Dynasty
1524:Twenty-ninth Dynasty
1497:(1st Persian Period)
1481:Twenty-sixth Dynasty
1446:Twenty-fifth Dynasty
1420:Twenty-third Dynasty
1394:Twenty-first Dynasty
820:Muhammad Ali dynasty
456:Old Kingdom of Egypt
8361:Shapur-i Shahrvaraz
7871:Antiochus X Eusebes
7699:Ptolemy XII Auletes
7690:Ptolemy X Alexander
7684:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
7663:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
7348:Neo-Assyrian Empire
7236:Marduk-balassu-iqbi
7169:Neo-Assyrian Empire
6992:Ninurta-nadin-shumi
6883:Syro-Hittite states
6589:Shagarakti-Shuriash
6262:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II
5256:Neferkare Pepiseneb
5155:Akkadian Governors:
3659:Pre-Dynastic period
2785:, London, pp. 16-17
2672:The Narmer Catalog
2660:The Narmer Catalog
1308:Seventeenth Dynasty
1243:Second Intermediate
986:Pre-dynastic period
655:Ptolemaic dynasties
21:Thinite Confederacy
8587:Sumerian King List
8401:Palaestina Secunda
8278:Palaestina Secunda
8108:
7839:Alexander Jannaeus
7738:
7728:Hellenistic Period
7554:
7322:
7300:Humban-haltash III
7264:Nabu-shuma-ukin II
7212:
7177:Tukulti-Ninurta II
7158:Kingdom of Samaria
7054:Mar-biti-apla-usur
7051:Shirikti-shuqamuna
7021:Neo-Elamite period
7004:Marduk-shapik-zeri
6989:Itti-Marduk-balatu
6970:Tiglath-Pileser II
6967:Ashur-resh-ishi II
6922:Enlil-kudurri-usur
6613:Zababa-shuma-iddin
6598:Kadashman-Harbe II
6583:Kadashman-Enlil II
6528:
6501:
6444:
6273:
6259:Ashur-rim-nisheshu
6256:Ashur-bel-nisheshu
6247:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I
6006:Siwe-Palar-Khuppak
5880:
5534:
4909:Lugal-kinishe-dudu
4290:Old Elamite period
4182:Mesh-ki-ang-gasher
4035:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
3952:Jemdet Nasr period
3896:
3278:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
2840:Shaw, Ian (2003).
2592:Kinnaer, Jacques.
1929:, composed of the
1889:By about 3600 BC,
1833:Cultural evolution
1385:Third Intermediate
1351:Nineteenth Dynasty
1338:Eighteenth Dynasty
1252:Fourteenth Dynasty
1222:Thirteenth Dynasty
1103:First Intermediate
867:Sultanate of Egypt
857:British occupation
830:Khedivate of Egypt
702:Rashidun caliphate
523:Predynastic Period
8776:
8775:
8672:Ancient Near East
8637:
8636:
8631:
8630:
8627:
8626:
8614:978-1-62564-606-4
8599:Unger, Merrill F.
8567:978-0-14-193825-7
8537:978-1-60606-649-2
8304:Province of Egypt
8235:Province of Egypt
8015:Province of Egypt
7757:Antigonid dynasty
7557:Achaemenid Empire
7478:Nebuchadnezzar II
7386:Ashur-nadin-shumi
7255:Nabu-shuma-ishkun
7227:Nabu-shuma-ukin I
7042:Kashshu-nadin-ahi
7010:Marduk-ahhe-eriba
7001:Marduk-nadin-ahhe
6943:Asharid-apal-Ekur
6940:Tiglath-Pileser I
6937:Ashur-resh-ishi I
6925:Ninurta-apal-Ekur
6913:Tukulti-Ninurta I
6860:Kingdom of Israel
6828:Osorkon the Elder
6749:Shutrukid dynasty
6634:Igehalkid dynasty
6601:Adad-shuma-iddina
6595:Enlil-nadin-shumi
6562:Kadashman-Enlil I
6556:Kadashman-harbe I
6000:Sukkalmah dynasty
5864:Isin-Larsa period
5686:Shimashki Dynasty
5412:Puzur-Inshushinak
5011:Netjerkare Siptah
4781:Neferirkare Kakai
4326:Egyptian pyramids
3535:Ancient Near East
3500:
3499:
3246:Attested pharaohs
3205:
3204:
2853:978-0-19-280458-7
2722:978-965-221-015-9
2450:after the Nubian
1995:saw the earliest
1887:
1886:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1733:
1732:
1680:
1679:
1642:
1641:
1608:
1607:
1575:Hellenistic Egypt
1565:
1564:
1537:Thirtieth Dynasty
1462:
1461:
1375:
1374:
1364:Twentieth Dynasty
1319:
1318:
1283:Sixteenth Dynasty
1265:Fifteenth Dynasty
1233:
1232:
1176:
1175:
1093:
1092:
1024:
1023:
944:
943:
895:
894:
848:Late Modern Egypt
838:
837:
810:French occupation
780:
779:
742:Ikhshidid dynasty
712:Umayyad caliphate
683:
682:
637:Greco-Roman Egypt
628:
627:
531:
530:
514:Prehistoric Egypt
476:
475:
472:
471:
468:
467:
448:
447:
443:Predynastic Egypt
299:Egyptian religion
165:Show map of Egypt
8811:
8766:
8765:
8670:Timeline of the
8664:
8657:
8650:
8641:
8640:
8619:
8618:
8595:
8589:
8583:
8572:
8571:
8548:
8542:
8541:
8520:Thomas, Ariane;
8517:
8511:
8510:
8503:
8497:
8496:
8481:
8475:
8472:
8457:
8447:
8397:Palaestina Prima
8343:Byzantine Empire
8274:Palaestina Prima
8261:Byzantine Empire
8240:Syria Palaestina
8205:Palmyrene Empire
8191:Bahram VI Chobin
8054:Syria Palaestina
7842:Salome Alexandra
7825:Kingdom of Judea
7811:Diodotus Tryphon
7666:Cleopatra I Syra
7642:Ptolemy Keraunos
7410:Ashur-uballit II
7407:Sin-shumu-lishir
7401:Ashur-etil-ilani
7356:Sargonid dynasty
7249:Marduk-apla-usur
7230:Nabu-apla-iddina
7224:Shamash-mudammiq
7180:Ashurnasirpal II
7163:Kingdom of Judah
7007:Adad-apla-iddina
6998:Enlil-nadin-apli
6995:Nebuchadnezzar I
6919:Ashur-nirari III
6916:Ashur-nadin-apli
6754:Shutruk-Nakhunte
6639:Untash-Napirisha
6628:Kidinuid dynasty
6226:Shamshi-Adad III
5934:Dynasty of Larsa
5752:
5640:
5635:
5463:
5316:Shar-Kali-Sharri
5250:Neferkare Tereru
5238:Neferkare Khendu
5192:
5187:
5018:
4977:Kiku-siwe-tempti
4864:
4859:
4714:
4643:Kish III dynasty
4613:
4544:
4457:
4452:
4357:(2600–2340 BCE)
4322:
4285:
4280:
4270:
4265:
4209:(2700–2600 BCE)
4066:(2900–2700 BCE)
4060:
3977:(3100–2700 BCE)
3956:(3100–2900 BCE)
3710:
3697:
3685:
3661:(4000–2900 BCE)
3650:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3504:
3503:
3295:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3209:
3208:
3171:MacGregor plaque
3010:
3009:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2898:
2876:
2857:
2829:
2801:
2800:
2792:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2751:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2573:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2544:
2527:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2489:
2483:
2473:
2436:
2433:
2421:
2419:
2406:
2404:
2393:
2391:
2378:
2376:
2363:
2361:
2348:
2346:
2333:
2331:
2320:
2318:
2315:Northeast Asians
2305:
2303:
2290:
2288:
2275:
2273:
2260:
2258:
2245:
2243:
2230:
2228:
2215:
2213:
2200:
2198:
2187:
2185:
2174:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2150:
2148:
2141:
2140:
2132:
2130:
2124:
2100:cosmetic palette
2055:
2036:
2024:
1904:sun-dried bricks
1845:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1797:. In the south,
1784:
1781:
1765:
1762:
1739:, also known as
1725:
1718:
1711:
1657:
1656:
1630:(Roman Pharaohs)
1623:
1622:
1580:
1579:
1477:
1476:
1390:
1389:
1334:
1333:
1248:
1247:
1196:Eleventh Dynasty
1191:
1190:
1165:Eleventh Dynasty
1108:
1107:
1039:
1038:
1006:
982:
981:
946:
945:
936:
929:
922:
910:Egypt portal
908:
907:
906:
877:Kingdom of Egypt
853:
852:
796:
795:
698:
697:
641:
640:
546:
545:
519:
518:
506:
496:
478:
477:
464:
463:
452:
451:
439:
438:
432:
431:
416:
415:
406:
403:
391:
388:
353:
350:
334:
331:
289:Ancient Egyptian
263:
247:
246:
231:
230:
215:
214:
199:
198:
183:
182:
176:
166:
150:
149:
134:
133:
118:
117:
102:
101:
86:
85:
79:
59:
48:
45:
41:
38:
26:
25:
8819:
8818:
8814:
8813:
8812:
8810:
8809:
8808:
8779:
8778:
8777:
8772:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8674:
8668:
8638:
8633:
8632:
8623:
8622:
8615:
8596:
8592:
8584:
8575:
8568:
8549:
8545:
8538:
8518:
8514:
8505:
8504:
8500:
8482:
8478:
8473:
8469:
8406:Byzantine Syria
8392:Byzantine Egypt
8367:Farrukh Hormizd
8327:
8323:
8320:Sasanian Empire
8306:
8302:
8283:Byzantine Syria
8269:Byzantine Egypt
8208:
8100:
8096:
8093:Sasanian Empire
8013:
7918:Mithridates III
7898:
7895:Parthian Empire
7828:
7767:Seleucid Empire
7764:
7754:
7730:
7639:Ptolemy I Soter
7637:
7634:Ptolemaic Egypt
7606:
7600:
7560:
7542:
7538:
7536:Kings of Byblos
7527:
7499:
7473:
7444:
7438:
7412:
7392:Mushezib-Marduk
7362:Tiglath-Pileser
7360:
7351:
7328:
7314:
7298:
7294:
7290:
7286:
7282:
7278:
7277:
7269:
7267:Nabu-mukin-zeri
7261:Nabu-nadin-zeri
7246:Marduk-bel-zeri
7239:Baba-aha-iddina
7216:
7193:Adad-nirari III
7183:Shalmaneser III
7172:
7161:
7160:
7147:
7141:
7140:
7138:Menkheperre Ini
7115:
7108:
7107:
7071:
7057:Nabû-mukin-apli
7034:
7023:(1100–540 BCE)
7016:Nabu-shum-libur
6984:
6961:Ashur-nirari IV
6955:Ashurnasirpal I
6952:Shamshi-Adad IV
6898:Ashur-uballit I
6893:
6875:
6871:
6867:
6863:
6857:
6856:
6852:
6848:
6846:Kings of Byblos
6844:
6814:
6807:
6801:
6800:
6769:
6768:
6752:
6746:
6714:
6701:
6700:
6682:Neferneferuaten
6642:
6641:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6624:(1500–1100 BCE)
6616:Enlil-nadin-ahi
6604:Adad-shuma-usur
6592:Kashtiliashu IV
6580:Kadashman-Turgu
6565:Burnaburiash II
6544:Kashtiliash III
6536:
6513:
6507:
6477:
6476:(1600–1260 BCE)
6475:
6445:
6436:
6430:
6418:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6398:
6392:
6372:
6367:Peshgaldaramesh
6362:
6352:
6342:
6338:Sealand Dynasty
6335:
6332:
6331:
6325:
6324:
6287:
6280:
6278:
6253:Ashur-nirari II
6232:Puzur-Ashur III
6220:Shamshi-Adad II
6191:
6189:
6187:Adaside dynasty
6184:
6183:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6153:
6116:
6114:
6112:
6105:
6096:
6090:
6079:
6075:
6073:Kings of Byblos
6071:
6065:
6054:
6017:
6004:
6003:
5985:Uruk VI dynasty
5983:
5932:
5883:Dynasty of Isin
5873:
5867:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5799:
5793:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5774:
5770:
5753:
5747:
5743:
5737:
5734:
5704:
5698:
5680:
5641:
5629:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5591:
5581:
5567:
5551:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5524:
5517:
5513:
5499:
5495:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5468:
5464:
5458:
5454:
5445:(2150–2000 BCE)
5426:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5358:
5354:
5342:
5338:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5290:
5280:
5235:Djedkare Shemai
5224:
5218:
5212:
5198:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5144:Sargon of Akkad
5142:
5141:
5138:Akkadian Empire
5130:(2340–2150 BCE)
5128:Akkadian Period
5115:
5111:
5099:
5095:
5074:
5062:
5052:
5048:
5031:
5027:
5013:
4991:
4970:
4968:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4920:
4911:
4897:
4893:
4881:
4877:
4865:
4836:
4833:
4827:
4815:
4806:
4773:
4772:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4716:
4715:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4692:
4691:
4675:
4672:
4660:
4656:
4645:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4591:(2500-539 BCE)
4579:
4575:
4545:
4539:
4532:
4526:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4468:
4462:
4458:
4444:
4440:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4411:
4407:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4296:
4295:
4294:(2700–1500 BCE)
4293:
4241:
4230:
4193:("conqueror of
4179:
4163:
4156:
4146:
4132:
4113:
4109:
4104:
4095:
4086:
4078:
4075:
4055:
3991:
3990:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3955:
3897:
3883:
3870:
3811:
3742:
3731:
3725:
3711:
3705:
3698:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3678:(4000–3100 BCE)
3677:
3671:
3645:
3639:
3611:
3592:
3582:
3555:
3553:
3537:
3531:
3501:
3496:
3480:
3476:Shunet El Zebib
3459:
3433:
3380:
3359:
3302:
3301:Obscure pharaoh
3296:
3287:
3241:
3236:
3206:
3201:
3185:
3151:Narmer macehead
3143:
3137:
3121:
3090:
3032:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2947:
2942:
2905:
2895:
2873:
2854:
2836:
2834:Further reading
2826:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2793:
2789:
2780:
2776:
2767:
2763:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2737:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2707:
2703:
2695:
2691:
2683:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2659:
2655:
2647:
2643:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2596:
2590:
2583:
2574:
2567:
2558:
2554:
2545:
2530:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2490:
2486:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2452:A-Group culture
2439:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2372:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2135:
2133:
2128:
2126:
2116:
2072:
2066:
2059:
2056:
2047:
2037:
2028:
2025:
2003:—a rectangular
1867:
1849:
1835:
1825:. The earliest
1782:
1763:
1729:
1700:
1694:
1682:
1681:
1676:379 AD – 641 AD
1670:
1664:
1654:
1652:Byzantine Egypt
1644:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1620:
1610:
1609:
1577:
1567:
1566:
1555:
1552:
1499:
1496:
1474:
1464:
1463:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1331:
1321:
1320:
1245:
1235:
1234:
1209:Twelfth Dynasty
1188:
1178:
1177:
1112:Seventh Dynasty
1105:
1095:
1094:
1036:
1026:
1025:
979:
969:
940:
904:
902:
897:
896:
850:
840:
839:
793:
782:
781:
762:Ayyubid dynasty
752:Fatimid dynasty
732:Tulunid dynasty
722:Abbasid dynasty
695:
685:
684:
638:
630:
629:
543:
533:
532:
516:
494:
487:
461:
436:
404:
398:
389:
383:
354:
351:
335:
332:
266:
265:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
255:
254:
248:
240:
239:
238:
232:
224:
223:
222:
216:
208:
207:
206:
200:
192:
191:
190:
184:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
158:
157:
151:
143:
142:
141:
135:
127:
126:
125:
119:
111:
110:
109:
103:
95:
94:
93:
87:
66:
65:
60:
46:
39:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8817:
8807:
8806:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8774:
8773:
8771:
8770:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8680:
8679:
8676:
8675:
8667:
8666:
8659:
8652:
8644:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8628:
8625:
8624:
8621:
8620:
8613:
8590:
8573:
8566:
8543:
8536:
8522:Potts, Timothy
8512:
8498:
8476:
8466:
8465:
8462:
8461:
8451:
8440:
8439:
8432:
8425:
8418:
8414:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8394:
8388:
8387:
8346:
8339:
8335:
8334:
8316:
8295:
8291:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8271:
8265:
8264:
8257:
8253:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8231:
8230:
8223:
8219:
8218:
8201:
8197:
8196:
8089:
8085:
8084:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8046:
8041:
8032:
8028:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8005:
8004:
7997:
7996:30 BCE–116 CE
7993:
7992:
7930:Mithridates IV
7912:Mithridates II
7891:
7853:
7848:Aristobulus II
7821:
7817:
7816:
7741:Argead dynasty
7725:
7630:Argead dynasty
7626:
7622:
7621:
7613:
7612:
7592:
7591:
7583:Artaxerxes III
7546:
7544:Kings of Sidon
7533:
7520:
7516:
7515:
7492:
7487:Labashi-Marduk
7466:
7431:
7427:
7426:
7421:
7415:
7414:
7389:Nergal-ushezib
7344:
7325:Black Pharaohs
7307:
7303:
7302:
7270:
7243:Ninurta-apla-X
7204:
7202:Ashur-nirari V
7196:Shalmaneser IV
7186:Shamshi-Adad V
7174:Adad-nirari II
7165:
7155:
7064:
7060:
7059:
7029:
7025:
7024:
7018:
6975:
6958:Shalmaneser II
6946:Ashur-bel-kala
6934:Mutakkil-Nusku
6890:Middle Assyria
6886:
6879:
6854:Kings of Sidon
6837:
6761:
6760:1155–1025 BCE
6757:
6756:
6743:Elamite Empire
6739:
6706:
6705:
6697:Hittite Empire
6693:
6661:
6660:
6645:
6644:
6618:
6607:Meli-Shipak II
6577:Nazi-Maruttash
6541:Burnaburiash I
6520:
6492:
6491:1531–1155 BCE
6488:
6487:
6468:
6423:
6383:
6382:
6329:
6265:
6250:Enlil-Nasir II
6229:Ashur-nirari I
6223:Ishme-Dagan II
6214:Sharma-Adad II
6166:Ashur-apla-idi
6157:1735–1701 BCE)
6136:Ashur-apla-idi
6118:Shamshi-Adad I
6113:1808–1736 BCE)
6098:
6093:Yamhad dynasty
6083:
6081:Kings of Sidon
6060:
6047:
6046:1800–1595 BCE
6043:
6042:
6009:
6008:
5996:
5860:
5850:Puzur-Ashur II
5817:
5760:
5727:
5726:
5721:Mentuhotep III
5690:
5689:
5672:
5667:
5659:
5658:2025-1763 BCE
5655:
5654:
5626:Ur III dynasty
5622:
5603:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5583:
5572:Neferkare VIII
5560:
5556:
5555:
5548:
5547:
5519:
5505:
5503:
5490:
5476:Gutian dynasty
5472:
5448:
5447:
5439:
5434:Nebkaure Khety
5428:Meryibre Khety
5419:
5415:
5414:
5397:
5364:
5362:
5346:
5319:
5318:
5312:
5283:
5273:
5259:Neferkamin Anu
5232:Neferkare Neby
5205:
5201:
5200:
5196:Lugal-ushumgal
5193:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5152:
5133:
5132:
5124:
5122:
5118:
5117:
5103:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5078:
5069:
5064:
5056:
5043:
5038:
5034:
5033:
5029:Lugalannemundu
5019:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4960:
4943:
4924:
4915:
4906:
4901:
4885:
4872:
4868:
4867:
4850:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4829:
4820:
4819:
4810:
4801:
4796:Djedkare Isesi
4793:Menkauhor Kaiu
4765:
4761:
4760:
4737:
4720:
4696:
4694:Pabilgagaltuku
4683:
4678:
4664:
4653:Akshak dynasty
4649:
4640:
4592:
4586:
4582:
4581:
4568:
4519:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4493:
4478:Enun-dara-anna
4473:
4472:
4433:
4416:
4401:
4383:
4381:
4359:
4358:
4352:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4286:
4271:
4255:
4254:
4247:
4246:
4235:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4186:
4185:
4171:
4134:
4127:
4126:
4102:Kullassina-bel
4087:
4079:
4068:
4067:
4061:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3957:
3948:
3943:
3894:Narmer Palette
3876:
3875:3100–2900 BCE
3872:
3871:
3804:
3734:
3733:
3718:
3717:3200–3100 BCE
3714:
3713:
3700:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3651:
3632:
3631:4000–3200 BCE
3628:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3586:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3533:Rulers of the
3530:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3507:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3364:Queens consort
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3156:Narmer palette
3153:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3037:Queen consorts
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3005:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:Narmer Palette
2904:
2903:External links
2901:
2900:
2899:
2893:
2881:Wengrow, David
2877:
2871:
2858:
2852:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2824:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2787:
2774:
2761:
2746:
2735:
2721:
2701:
2689:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2622:
2613:
2581:
2575:Carl Roebuck,
2565:
2559:Carl Roebuck,
2552:
2546:Carl Roebuck,
2528:
2522:Carl Roebuck,
2515:
2508:
2484:
2476:Nicolas Grimal
2467:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2435: 3000 BC
2425:
2424:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2096:Narmer Palette
2068:Main article:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2050:
2048:
2038:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2019:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1834:
1831:
1783: 2686 BC
1772:Second Dynasty
1764: 3150 BC
1745:Thinite Period
1741:Archaic Period
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1638:30 BC – 313 AD
1636:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1296:Abydos Dynasty
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1189:
1186:Middle Kingdom
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1125:Eighth Dynasty
1121:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1056:Fourth Dynasty
1052:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1013:Second Dynasty
1009:
1008:
1002:
999:
993:
992:
990:
988:
980:
975:
974:
971:
970:
965:All years are
964:
961:
960:
942:
941:
939:
938:
931:
924:
916:
913:
912:
899:
898:
893:
892:
889:
883:
882:
879:
873:
872:
869:
863:
862:
859:
851:
846:
845:
842:
841:
836:
835:
832:
826:
825:
822:
816:
815:
812:
806:
805:
802:
794:
788:
787:
784:
783:
778:
777:
774:
772:Mamluk dynasty
768:
767:
764:
758:
757:
754:
748:
747:
744:
738:
737:
734:
728:
727:
724:
718:
717:
714:
708:
707:
704:
696:
693:Medieval Egypt
691:
690:
687:
686:
681:
680:
677:
675:Sasanian Egypt
671:
670:
667:
661:
660:
657:
651:
650:
647:
645:Argead dynasty
639:
636:
635:
632:
631:
626:
625:
622:
616:
615:
612:
606:
605:
602:
596:
595:
592:
586:
585:
582:
580:Middle Kingdom
576:
575:
572:
566:
565:
562:
556:
555:
552:
544:
539:
538:
535:
534:
529:
528:
525:
517:
512:
511:
508:
507:
499:
498:
489:
488:
481:
474:
473:
470:
469:
466:
465:
458:
449:
446:
445:
440:
428:
427:
422:
412:
411:
408:
407:
405: 2686 BC
399:
396:
393:
392:
390: 3150 BC
384:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
370:
366:
365:
362:
361:
355:
352: 2690 BC
346:
343:
342:
336:
333: 3129 BC
327:
324:
323:
320:
319:
316:
310:
309:
306:
302:
301:
296:
292:
291:
286:
282:
281:
272:
268:
267:
258:
250:
249:
242:
241:
234:
233:
226:
225:
218:
217:
210:
209:
202:
201:
194:
193:
186:
185:
178:
177:
171:
170:
169:
161:
153:
152:
145:
144:
137:
136:
129:
128:
121:
120:
113:
112:
105:
104:
97:
96:
89:
88:
81:
80:
74:
73:
72:
71:
68:
67:
61:
54:
53:
50:
49:
47: 2686 BC
40: 3150 BC
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8816:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8784:
8769:
8761:
8760:
8757:
8677:
8673:
8665:
8660:
8658:
8653:
8651:
8646:
8645:
8642:
8616:
8610:
8606:
8605:
8600:
8594:
8588:
8582:
8580:
8578:
8569:
8563:
8559:
8558:
8553:
8552:Roux, Georges
8547:
8539:
8533:
8529:
8528:
8523:
8516:
8508:
8502:
8494:
8490:
8486:
8480:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8456:
8450:
8446:
8441:
8438:
8437:
8431:
8430:
8424:
8423:
8416:
8415:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8398:
8393:
8389:
8386:
8383:
8380:
8379:Yazdegerd III
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8365:
8362:
8359:
8356:
8353:
8350:
8345:
8344:
8336:
8333:
8330:
8326:
8322:
8321:
8315:
8312:
8311:Sahralanyozan
8309:
8305:
8300:
8293:
8292:
8289:
8284:
8279:
8275:
8270:
8266:
8263:
8262:
8254:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8232:
8229:
8228:
8220:
8217:
8214:
8211:
8207:
8206:
8199:
8198:
8195:
8192:
8189:
8186:
8183:
8180:
8177:
8174:
8171:
8168:
8165:
8162:
8159:
8156:
8153:
8150:
8147:
8144:
8141:
8138:
8135:
8132:
8129:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8114:
8111:
8104:
8099:
8095:
8094:
8087:
8086:
8083:
8080:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8067:Mithridates V
8065:
8064:Sinatruces II
8060:
8055:
8049:
8048:
8045:
8040:
8036:
8029:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8003:
8002:
7994:
7991:
7988:
7987:Artabanus III
7985:
7982:
7979:
7976:
7973:
7970:
7967:
7964:
7961:
7958:
7957:Tiridates III
7955:
7952:
7949:
7946:
7943:
7940:
7937:
7934:
7931:
7928:
7925:
7922:
7919:
7916:
7913:
7910:
7907:
7904:
7901:
7900:Mithridates I
7897:
7896:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7866:
7863:
7860:
7857:
7852:
7849:
7846:
7843:
7840:
7837:
7836:Aristobulus I
7834:
7833:John Hyrcanus
7831:
7827:
7826:
7819:
7818:
7815:
7812:
7809:
7806:
7803:
7802:Alexander III
7800:
7797:
7794:
7791:
7788:
7787:Antiochus III
7785:
7782:
7779:
7776:
7773:
7769:
7768:
7763:
7759:
7758:
7753:
7750:
7747:
7746:Alexander III
7743:
7742:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7721:
7718:
7715:
7712:
7709:
7706:
7703:
7700:
7697:
7694:
7691:
7688:
7685:
7682:
7681:Cleopatra III
7679:
7676:
7673:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7649:
7646:
7643:
7640:
7636:
7635:
7631:
7624:
7623:
7620:
7619:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7605:
7604:
7599:
7598:
7593:
7590:
7587:
7586:Artaxerxes IV
7584:
7581:
7580:Artaxerxes II
7578:
7575:
7572:
7569:
7566:
7563:
7559:
7558:
7551:
7545:
7541:
7540:Kings of Tyre
7537:
7531:
7526:
7525:
7517:
7514:
7511:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7498:
7497:
7496:Median Empire
7491:
7488:
7485:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7472:
7471:
7465:
7462:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7450:
7447:
7443:
7442:
7437:
7436:
7429:
7428:
7425:
7420:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7405:
7404:Sinsharishkun
7402:
7399:
7396:
7393:
7390:
7387:
7384:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7359:
7357:
7350:
7349:
7343:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7326:
7318:
7313:
7312:
7304:
7301:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7281:
7276:
7275:
7268:
7265:
7262:
7259:
7256:
7253:
7250:
7247:
7244:
7241:(five kings)
7240:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7228:
7225:
7222:
7219:
7215:
7209:
7203:
7200:
7199:Ashur-Dan III
7197:
7194:
7190:
7187:
7184:
7181:
7178:
7175:
7171:
7170:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7153:
7150:
7146:
7145:
7139:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7118:
7114:
7113:
7106:
7103:
7102:
7098:
7095:
7092:
7089:
7086:
7083:
7080:
7077:
7074:
7070:
7069:
7062:
7061:
7058:
7055:
7052:
7049:
7046:
7043:
7040:
7039:Ea-mukin-zeri
7037:
7036:Simbar-shipak
7033:
7028:1025–934 BCE
7027:
7026:
7022:
7017:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7005:
7002:
6999:
6996:
6993:
6990:
6987:
6983:
6981:
6974:
6971:
6968:
6965:
6964:Ashur-rabi II
6962:
6959:
6956:
6953:
6950:
6949:Eriba-Adad II
6947:
6944:
6941:
6938:
6935:
6932:
6929:
6926:
6923:
6920:
6917:
6914:
6911:
6910:Shalmaneser I
6908:
6907:Adad-nirari I
6905:
6902:
6899:
6896:
6892:
6891:
6885:
6884:
6878:
6874:
6870:
6866:
6862:
6861:
6855:
6851:
6850:Kings of Tyre
6847:
6843:
6842:
6836:
6835:
6832:
6829:
6826:
6823:
6820:
6817:
6813:
6812:
6806:
6805:
6799:
6796:
6793:
6790:
6789:Ramesses VIII
6787:
6784:
6781:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6767:
6766:
6759:
6758:
6755:
6751:
6750:
6745:
6744:
6738:
6735:
6732:
6729:
6726:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6707:
6704:
6699:
6698:
6692:
6689:
6686:
6683:
6680:
6679:
6675:
6672:
6671:Amenhotep III
6669:
6666:
6662:
6659:
6656:
6653:
6650:
6646:
6643:
6640:
6636:
6635:
6630:
6629:
6622:
6617:
6614:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6593:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6535:
6533:
6525:
6519:
6516:
6512:
6511:
6506:
6505:
6497:
6489:
6486:
6483:
6480:
6474:
6473:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6450:
6449:
6440:
6434:
6429:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6417:
6416:
6411:
6407:
6406:
6401:
6397:
6396:
6391:
6390:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6377:Melamkurkurra
6375:
6371:
6370:Ayadaragalama
6368:
6365:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6348:
6347:Itti-ili-nibi
6345:
6341:
6339:
6328:
6323:
6320:
6317:
6314:
6311:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6290:
6286:
6284:
6277:
6270:
6264:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6242:
6241:Ashur-shaduni
6239:
6236:
6235:Enlil-nasir I
6233:
6230:
6227:
6224:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6199:Sharma-Adad I
6197:
6194:
6190:1700–722 BCE)
6188:
6182:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6137:
6134:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6122:
6121:Ishme-Dagan I
6119:
6110:
6104:
6103:
6094:
6089:
6088:
6082:
6078:
6077:Kings of Tyre
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6058:
6053:
6052:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6034:Amenemhat III
6032:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6015:
6010:
6007:
6002:
6001:
5994:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5922:
5919:
5916:
5913:
5910:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5884:
5877:
5871:
5866:
5865:
5859:
5855:
5851:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5826:Puzur-Ashur I
5823:
5822:
5815:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5791:
5785:
5777:
5773:
5768:
5765:
5759:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5733:
5732:Third Eblaite
5728:
5725:
5724:Mentuhotep IV
5722:
5719:
5718:Mentuhotep II
5716:
5713:
5710:
5707:
5703:
5702:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5679:
5677:
5671:
5666:
5664:
5656:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5619:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5598:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5588:
5582:
5579:
5576:
5575:Wahkare Khety
5573:
5570:
5566:
5565:
5558:
5557:
5554:
5549:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5516:
5512:
5510:
5502:
5498:
5494:
5489:
5485:
5478:
5477:
5471:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5443:Ur III period
5438:
5435:
5432:
5431:Neferkare VII
5429:
5425:
5424:
5416:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5401:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5378:Ur-Ningirsu I
5375:
5371:
5369:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5351:
5345:
5341:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5317:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5294:
5289:
5288:
5282:
5279:
5272:
5269:
5266:
5263:
5260:
5257:
5254:
5251:
5248:
5245:
5242:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5210:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5186:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5123:
5119:
5114:
5110:
5108:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5077:
5073:
5068:
5061:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5042:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5024:
5017:
5012:
5009:
5006:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4982:
4981:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4967:
4965:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4913:Lugal-kisalsi
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4863:
4858:
4854:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4835:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4814:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4771:
4770:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4742:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4719:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4701:
4695:
4690:
4688:
4682:
4677:
4671:
4669:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4648:
4644:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4612:
4607:
4603:
4598:
4597:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4524:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4474:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4438:
4432:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4400:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4302:
4299:
4292:
4291:
4284:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4212:
4208:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4133:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4107:
4106:Nangishlishma
4103:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4085:
4084:
4077:
4074:
4073:First Eblaite
4069:
4065:
4059:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4032:Seth-Peribsen
4030:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3993:Hotepsekhemwy
3989:
3988:
3980:
3974:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3962:
3961:Proto-Elamite
3954:
3953:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3881:
3873:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3863:Double Falcon
3861:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3729:
3724:
3723:
3715:
3709:
3704:
3696:
3690:
3684:
3676:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3536:
3528:
3523:
3521:
3516:
3514:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3471:Gisr el-Mudir
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3299:
3294:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3273:Seth-Peribsen
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3253:Hotepsekhemwy
3251:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3233:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3142:Artefacts and
3140:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3014:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2896:
2894:0-521-83586-0
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2872:0-415-26011-6
2868:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2827:
2825:9780520240698
2821:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2778:
2771:
2765:
2757:
2750:
2744:
2739:
2724:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2637:
2633:
2632:Bard, Kathryn
2626:
2617:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2562:
2556:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2525:
2519:
2511:
2509:0-19-815034-2
2505:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2488:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2428:
2420:
2418:
2405:
2403:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2199:
2186:
2184:
2173:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2149:
2139:
2131:
2123:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2074:According to
2071:
2064:First Pharaoh
2054:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1768:First Dynasty
1758:
1754:
1753:ancient Egypt
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1151:Tenth Dynasty
1149:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:Ninth Dynasty
1136:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1082:Sixth Dynasty
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1069:Fifth Dynasty
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1043:Third Dynasty
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1003:
1000:
998:
997:First Dynasty
995:
994:
991:
989:
987:
984:
983:
978:
973:
972:
968:
963:
962:
959:
958:ancient Egypt
955:
951:
948:
947:
937:
932:
930:
925:
923:
918:
917:
915:
914:
911:
901:
900:
890:
888:
885:
884:
880:
878:
875:
874:
870:
868:
865:
864:
860:
858:
855:
854:
849:
844:
843:
833:
831:
828:
827:
823:
821:
818:
817:
813:
811:
808:
807:
803:
801:
800:Ottoman Egypt
798:
797:
791:
786:
785:
775:
773:
770:
769:
765:
763:
760:
759:
755:
753:
750:
749:
745:
743:
740:
739:
735:
733:
730:
729:
725:
723:
720:
719:
715:
713:
710:
709:
705:
703:
700:
699:
694:
689:
688:
678:
676:
673:
672:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
656:
653:
652:
648:
646:
643:
642:
634:
633:
623:
621:
618:
617:
613:
611:
608:
607:
603:
601:
598:
597:
593:
591:
588:
587:
583:
581:
578:
577:
573:
571:
568:
567:
563:
561:
558:
557:
553:
551:
548:
547:
542:
541:Ancient Egypt
537:
536:
526:
524:
521:
520:
515:
510:
509:
505:
501:
500:
497:
491:
490:
485:
480:
479:
459:
457:
454:
453:
450:
444:
441:
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
423:
421:
418:
417:
413:
409:
400:
397:• Ended
394:
385:
382:• Began
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
356:
344:
340:
337:
325:
321:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
300:
297:
293:
290:
287:
283:
280:
276:
273:
269:
253:
237:
221:
205:
189:
175:
156:
140:
124:
108:
92:
78:
69:
64:
58:
51:
34:
27:
22:
8603:
8593:
8557:Ancient Iraq
8556:
8546:
8526:
8515:
8501:
8492:
8479:
8470:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8349:Ardashir III
8341:
8318:
8259:
8227:Roman Empire
8225:
8203:
8161:Yazdegerd II
8091:
8082:Artabanus IV
8079:Vologases VI
8070:Vologases IV
8001:Roman Empire
7999:
7984:Vologases II
7960:Artabanus II
7954:Artabanus II
7939:Tiridates II
7927:Phraates III
7893:
7830:Simon Thassi
7823:
7805:Demetrius II
7793:Antiochus IV
7784:Seleucus III
7778:Antiochus II
7765:
7755:
7752:Alexander IV
7739:
7727:
7711:Ptolemy XIII
7693:Berenice III
7687:Cleopatra IV
7628:
7625:331–141 BCE
7616:
7607:
7601:
7595:
7574:Artaxerxes I
7555:
7522:
7519:539–331 BCE
7494:
7475:Nabopolassar
7468:
7439:
7433:
7430:626–539 BCE
7398:Ashurbanipal
7353:
7352:
7346:
7309:
7306:745–609 BCE
7272:
7252:Eriba-Marduk
7213:
7167:
7142:
7110:
7109:
7099:
7088:Shoshenq III
7066:
7063:911–745 BCE
7031:
7013:Marduk-zer-X
6977:
6973:Ashur-dan II
6904:Arik-den-ili
6901:Enlil-nirari
6895:Eriba-Adad I
6888:
6881:
6858:
6839:
6834:Psusennes II
6809:
6808:
6802:
6786:Ramesses VII
6774:Ramesses III
6763:
6747:
6741:
6709:
6695:
6676:
6665:Amenhotep II
6658:Thutmose III
6632:
6626:
6623:
6574:Kurigalzu II
6568:Kara-hardash
6538:Agum-Kakrime
6529:
6508:
6502:
6470:
6453:'Aper-'Anati
6451:
6446:
6425:
6419:
6413:
6409:
6403:
6399:
6393:
6387:
6386:
6350:Damqi-ilishu
6333:
6322:Samsu-Ditana
6304:Sin-muballit
6295:Sin-muballit
6274:
6244:Ashur-rabi I
6109:Shamshi-Adad
6106:
6100:
6085:
6055:
6049:
6037:Amenemhat IV
6031:Senusret III
6025:Amenemhat II
6012:
5998:
5984:
5933:
5930:Damiq-ilishu
5900:Lipit-Eshtar
5881:
5862:
5819:
5787:
5783:
5767:Shakkanakkus
5730:
5706:Mentuhotep I
5699:
5693:
5674:
5661:
5624:
5618:Puzur-Ishtar
5585:
5580:
5562:
5515:Lugalannatum
5507:
5474:
5441:
5421:
5400:Hishep-Ratep
5366:
5348:
5285:
5275:
5229:Neferkare II
5219:
5213:
5207:
5154:
5136:
5126:
5105:
5058:Invasion by
5021:
4986:
4962:
4954:Enannatum II
4918:E-iginimpa'e
4887:
4879:Igrish-Halam
4790:Nyuserre Ini
4767:
4741:Awan dynasty
4739:
4698:
4685:
4666:
4651:
4642:
4626:Ishtup-Ishar
4606:Iku-Shamagan
4602:Ikun-Shamash
4594:
4572:Ur I dynasty
4570:
4563:
4552:
4527:
4521:
4495:
4476:
4435:
4418:
4403:
4385:
4344:
4336:
4307:
4288:
4251:Enmebaragesi
4237:
4218:
4189:
4180:
4173:
4136:
4131:
4111:En-tarah-ana
4096:
4089:
4081:
4071:
4047:
4044:Neferkasokar
4042:
4037:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3985:
3965:
3959:
3950:
3938:
3933:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3865:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3792:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3745:Finger Snail
3743:
3737:
3720:
3689:Anu Ziggurat
3672:
3640:
3634:
3552:Territories/
3450:Nefer-Setekh
3438:Other people
3407:Shepset-ipet
3385:Other royals
3335:Neferkasokar
3166:Abydos boats
3126:Other people
3063:
2884:
2862:
2842:
2815:
2796:
2790:
2782:
2777:
2768:Brian Yare,
2764:
2755:
2749:
2738:
2726:. Retrieved
2711:
2704:
2692:
2680:
2668:
2656:
2644:
2635:
2625:
2616:
2604:. Retrieved
2600:
2576:
2560:
2555:
2547:
2523:
2518:
2494:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2440:
2412:
2410:
2399:
2385:
2384:
2370:
2369:
2355:
2354:
2340:
2339:
2327:
2326:
2312:
2311:
2297:
2296:
2282:
2281:
2267:
2266:
2252:
2251:
2237:
2236:
2222:
2221:
2207:
2206:
2197:CIVILIZATION
2180:
2157:
2156:
2073:
2041:hippopotamus
2009:Horus falcon
1997:codification
1981:
1969:
1958:step pyramid
1951:
1935:papyrus reed
1931:lotus flower
1927:double crown
1908:
1900:Mesopotamian
1888:
1866:'Two Lands'
1863:
1815:
1807:Egyptian art
1744:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1695:
1689:
1666:
976:
891:1953–present
790:Early modern
669:30 BC–641 AD
604:1550–1069 BC
594:1650–1550 BC
584:2055–1650 BC
574:2181–2055 BC
564:2686–2181 BC
554:3150–2686 BC
549:
527:6000–3000 BC
425:Succeeded by
424:
419:
8489:Simpson, W.
8417:639–651 CE
8364:Azarmidokht
8355:Khosrow III
8338:628–641 CE
8294:618–628 CE
8256:395–618 CE
8222:273–395 CE
8210:Vaballathus
8200:270–273 CE
8164:Hormizd III
8149:Yazdegerd I
8140:Ardashir II
8134:Adur Narseh
8088:224–270 CE
8076:Vologases V
8050:117–224 CE
8031:116–117 CE
7978:Vardanes II
7975:Vologases I
7966:Gotarzes II
7936:Phraates IV
7906:Hyspaosines
7845:Hyrcanus II
7820:141–30 BCE
7799:Demetrius I
7796:Antiochus V
7790:Seleucus IV
7781:Seleucus II
7775:Antiochus I
7762:Antigonus I
7714:Ptolemy XIV
7702:Cleopatra V
7484:Neriglissar
7481:Amel-Marduk
7464:Psamtik III
7435:Late Period
7374:Sennacherib
7365:Shalmaneser
7292:Tammaritu I
7189:Shammuramat
7132:Takelot III
7129:Osorkon III
7126:Shoshenq VI
7101:Pedubast II
7091:Shoshenq IV
7079:Shoshenq II
6928:Ashur-dan I
6869:Ish-bosheth
6822:Psusennes I
6798:Ramesses XI
6792:Ramesses IX
6783:Ramesses VI
6777:Ramesses IV
6722:Ramesses II
6685:Tutankhamun
6668:Thutmose IV
6652:Thutmose II
6586:Kudur-Enlil
6571:Nazi-Bugash
6559:Kurigalzu I
6547:Ulamburiash
6518:Amenhotep I
6499:Tutankhamun
6485:Parshatatar
6482:Shuttarna I
6415:Seventeenth
6344:Ilum-ma-ili
6319:Ammi-saduqa
6316:Ammi-ditana
6310:Samsu-iluna
6217:Erishum III
6178:Adad-salulu
6175:Ipqi-Ishtar
6163:Ashur-dugul
6148:Adad-salulu
6145:Ipqi-Ishtar
6133:Ashur-dugul
6102:Old Assyria
6097:(Amorites)
6040:Sobekneferu
6028:Senusret II
6019:Amenemhat I
5991:Sîn-iribam
5968:Sin-Iqisham
5962:Sin-Iddinam
5912:Erra-imitti
5909:Lipit-Enlil
5897:Ishme-Dagan
5894:Iddin-Dagan
5830:Shalim-ahum
5821:Old Assyria
5807:Yasmah-Adad
5784:Lim Dynasty
5776:Hanun-Dagan
5772:Hitial-Erra
5537:Ur-Ningirsu
5493:Kuda (Uruk)
5466:Ishgum-Addu
5456:Ishtup-Ilum
5308:Ishma-Dagan
5293:Shakkanakku
5271:Neferirkare
5268:Neferkauhor
5171:Ili-ishmani
5150:Manishtushu
5113:Lugalzagesi
5109:III dynasty
5093:Puzur-Nirah
4808:Ishar-Malik
4787:Shepseskare
4577:Mesannepada
4502:Nin-kisalsi
4490:Lugal-kitun
4460:Meskalamdug
4446:Ur-Pabilsag
4259:Aga of Kish
4168:Barsal-nuna
4053:Khasekhemwy
4039:Neferkara I
4018:Weneg-Nebty
3996:Nebra/Raneb
3808:Lower Egypt
3794:Scorpion II
3739:Upper Egypt
3691:, 4000 BCE)
3674:Uruk period
3392:Khenmetptah
3330:Neferkara I
3283:Khasekhemwy
2728:24 February
2630:Shaw, Ian;
2208:Corded Ware
2098:, a votive
1965:agriculture
1919:Lower Egypt
1911:Upper Egypt
1902:process of
1870:hieroglyphs
1787:Old Kingdom
1618:Roman Egypt
1472:Late Period
1329:New Kingdom
1034:Old Kingdom
620:Late Period
614:1069–664 BC
600:New Kingdom
560:Old Kingdom
493:History of
420:Preceded by
358:Khasekhemwy
8783:Categories
8373:Khosrow IV
8370:Hormizd VI
8352:Shahrbaraz
8329:Khosrow II
8314:Shahrbaraz
8308:Shahrbaraz
8188:Khosrow II
8185:Hormizd IV
8143:Shapur III
8131:Hormizd II
8125:Bahram III
8110:Ardashir I
7981:Pacorus II
7972:Vonones II
7969:Meherdates
7963:Vardanes I
7948:Orodes III
7945:Phraates V
7924:Sinatruces
7772:Seleucus I
7749:Philip III
7723:Arsinoe IV
7648:Arsinoe II
7589:Darius III
7455:Psamtik II
7395:Esarhaddon
7288:Ummanigash
7258:Nabonassar
7152:Bakenranef
7123:Pedubast I
7120:Takelot II
7117:Harsiese A
7105:Osorkon IV
7097:Shoshenq V
7085:Osorkon II
7073:Shoshenq I
6819:Amenemnisu
6795:Ramesses X
6780:Ramesses V
6728:Amenmesses
6716:Ramesses I
6678:Smenkhkare
6655:Hatshepsut
6649:Thutmose I
6553:Karaindash
6292:Sumu-la-El
6124:Mut-Ashkur
6115:(Amorites)
6022:Senusret I
5981:Rim-Sin II
5971:Silli-Adad
5965:Sin-Eribam
5927:Suen-magir
5924:Ur-du-kuga
5921:Iter-pisha
5915:Enlil-bani
5903:Ur-Ninurta
5891:Shu-Ilishu
5888:Ishbi-Erra
5858:Erishum II
5804:Yahdun-Lim
5801:Yaggid-Lim
5614:Tura-Dagan
5593:Utu-hengal
5569:Meryhathor
5545:Nam-mahani
5511:II dynasty
5480:(21 kings)
5374:Puzer-Mama
5370:II dynasty
5352:IV dynasty
5265:Neferkaure
5262:Qakare Ibi
5253:Neferkahor
5244:Neferkamin
5163:Ilshu-rabi
5054:Ishqi-Mari
5050:Ikun-Ishar
5046:Enna-Dagan
4966:II dynasty
4940:Bara-irnun
4895:Puzur-Suen
4891:IV dynasty
4883:Irkab-Damu
4828:(3 kings)
4754:Ukkutahesh
4727:Meskiagnun
4723:A'annepada
4670:II dynasty
4565:Thamphthis
4561:Shepseskaf
4510:Lugal-dalu
4409:Udulkalama
4389:II dynasty
4331:Sekhemkhet
4239:Lugalbanda
4165:Melem-Kish
4161:En-me-nuna
3946:Canaanites
3940:Horus Bird
3905:Neithhotep
3778:Scorpion I
3728:Naqada III
3455:Pehen-Ptah
3412:Wadjitefni
3081:Seshemetka
3059:Nakhtneith
3023:Neithhotep
2463:References
2253:Afanasievo
1993:Naqada III
1985:phonograms
1975:, Set and
1915:Nile Delta
1776:Naqada III
1688:See also:
1667:speculated
649:332–310 BC
624:664–332 BC
305:Government
8485:Hallo, W.
8382:Peroz III
8216:Antiochus
8182:Khosrow I
8152:Shapur IV
8146:Bahram IV
8137:Shapur II
8122:Bahram II
8116:Hormizd I
8073:Osroes II
7951:Vonones I
7933:Orodes II
7909:Artabanus
7577:Darius II
7504:Phraortes
7490:Nabonidus
7461:Ahmose II
7449:Psamtik I
7342:Tanutamun
7191:(regent)
7082:Takelot I
7076:Osorkon I
6841:Phoenicia
6825:Amenemope
6771:Setnakhte
6725:Merneptah
6674:Akhenaten
6457:Sakir-Har
6395:Sixteenth
6374:Akurduana
6360:Gulkishar
6357:Shushushi
6313:Abi-eshuh
6307:Hammurabi
6289:Sumu-abum
6211:Shu-Ninua
6202:Iptar-Sin
6172:Sin-namir
6169:Nasir-Sin
6160:Puzur-Sin
6142:Sin-namir
6139:Nasir-Sin
5993:Sîn-gāmil
5989:Sîn-kāšid
5977:Rim-Sin I
5974:Warad-Sin
5854:Naram-Sin
5838:Erishum I
5834:Ilu-shuma
5810:Zimri-Lim
5758:Indilimma
5745:Ibbit-Lim
5715:Intef III
5678:invasions
5665:invasions
5610:Ili-Ishar
5606:Iddi-ilum
5599:2100 BCE
5589:V dynasty
5559:2125 BCE
5497:Puzur-ili
5484:La-erabum
5418:2150 BCE
5344:Shu-turul
5337:(3 years)
5304:Shu-Dagan
5204:2200 BCE
5181:Naram-Sin
5177:2250 BCE
5121:2340 BCE
5087:2350 BCE
5081:Luh-ishan
5076:Urukagina
5072:Lugalanda
5041:Isar-Damu
5037:2370 BCE
4983:2380 BCE
4958:Enentarzi
4946:Enannatum
4935:Gishakidu
4899:Ur-Zababa
4875:Adub-Damu
4871:2400 BCE
4844:2425 BCE
4838:Napilhush
4826:invasions
4804:Enar-Damu
4784:Neferefre
4764:2450 BCE
4707:Ur-Nanshe
4702:I dynasty
4689:I dynasty
4630:Ikun-Mari
4589:Phoenicia
4585:2500 BCE
4518:2575 BCE
4486:Melamanna
4470:Akalamdug
4442:A-Imdugud
4405:Ur-Nungal
4392:(5 kings)
4379:Baba-Damu
4375:Ibbi-Damu
4304:2600 BCE
4274:Gilgamesh
4232:Iltasadum
4203:2700 BCE
4177:I dynasty
4130:2800 BCE
4093:I dynasty
4049:Hudjefa I
3982:2900 BCE
3928:Semerkhet
3920:(regent)
3907:(regent)
3814:Hedju Hor
3642:Naqada II
3424:Nisuheqet
3376:Nimaathap
3325:Hudjefa I
3175:Mastabas
3144:monuments
3095:Officials
2993:Semerkhet
2283:Bolshemys
2045:crocodile
2005:cartouche
1989:ideograms
1891:Neolithic
1823:sandstone
1371:1189–1077
1358:1292–1189
1345:1549–1292
1315:1580–1549
1302:1650–1600
1290:1660–1600
1277:1674–1535
1259:1705–1690
1229:1803–1649
1216:1991–1803
1203:2061–1991
1172:2134–2061
1158:2130–2040
1145:2160–2130
1132:2181–2160
1089:2345–2181
1076:2498–2345
1063:2613–2498
1050:2686–2613
1020:2890–2686
1007:3150–2890
954:dynasties
881:1922–1953
871:1914–1922
861:1882–1922
834:1867–1914
824:1805–1953
814:1798–1801
804:1517–1867
776:1250–1517
766:1171–1250
659:310–30 BC
295:Religion
8768:Category
8601:(2014).
8554:(1992).
8524:(2020).
8491:(1971).
8332:Kavad II
8158:Bahram V
8119:Bahram I
8113:Shapur I
7990:Osroes I
7921:Orodes I
7915:Gotarzes
7903:Phraates
7568:Darius I
7565:Cambyses
7513:Astyages
7510:Cyaxares
7452:Necho II
7383:Bel-ibni
7333:Shebitku
7296:Indabibi
7149:Tefnakht
6691:Horemheb
6550:Agum III
6532:Kassites
6515:Ahmose I
6380:Ea-gamil
6364:DIŠ+U-EN
6354:Ishkibal
6301:Apil-Sin
6283:Amorites
6193:Bel-bani
6068:Biblical
5959:Nur-Adad
5950:Gungunum
5938:Naplanum
5906:Bur-Suen
5870:Amorites
5846:Sargon I
5796:Amorites
5740:Amorites
5712:Intef II
5682:Kindattu
5670:Ibbi-Sin
5649:Amar-Sin
5643:Ur-Nammu
5578:Merykare
5470:Apil-kin
5382:Pirig-me
5360:Ur-gigir
5356:Ur-nigin
5296:dynasty)
5241:Merenhor
5167:Epirmupi
4996:Userkare
4950:Entemena
4927:Ur-Lumma
4922:Meskigal
4853:Eannatum
4848:Kun-Damu
4832:Shushun-
4817:Enakalle
4676:kushanna
4662:Undalulu
4634:Iblul-Il
4558:Menkaure
4554:Bikheris
4547:Djedefre
4506:Me-durba
4431:shaengur
4425:En-hegal
4413:Labashum
4371:Agur-lim
4367:Abur-lim
4346:Qahedjet
4191:Enmerkar
4023:Wadjenes
4013:Horus Sa
4008:Nubnefer
3999:Nynetjer
3973:Susa III
3935:Sneferka
3918:Merneith
3636:Naqada I
3464:Monument
3445:Inykhnum
3418:Mesen-ka
3397:Satkhnum
3355:Wadjenes
3350:Sneferka
3340:Nubnefer
3320:Horus Sa
3310:Horus Ba
3268:Nynetjer
3133:Ahaneith
3076:Serethor
3065:Khenthap
3049:Herneith
3028:Merneith
2952:Pharaohs
2883:(2006).
2634:(2003).
2579:, p. 53.
2415:DYNASTIC
2328:Hongshan
1954:mastabas
1819:pharaohs
1795:god-king
1770:and the
1401:1069–945
1119:spurious
887:Republic
756:969–1171
484:a series
482:Part of
308:Monarchy
8385:Narsieh
8213:Zenobia
8194:Vistahm
8179:Kavad I
8173:Kavad I
8167:Peroz I
8155:Khosrow
7501:Deioces
7458:Wahibre
7446:Necho I
7339:Taharqa
7336:Shabaka
7320:Taharqa
7284:Teumman
7135:Rudamun
6877:Solomon
6816:Smendes
6737:Twosret
6731:Seti II
6472:Mitanni
6466:Khamudi
6420:Dynasty
6410:Dynasty
6400:Dynasty
6238:Nur-ili
6208:Lullaya
6111:dynasty
6063:Abraham
5953:Abisare
5918:Zambiya
5812:(Queen
5764:Amorite
5735:Kingdom
5709:Intef I
5676:Elamite
5663:Amorite
5652:Shu-Sin
5553:Tirigan
5522:Ur-Baba
5452:Nûr-Mêr
5390:Lu-gula
5386:Lu-Baba
5300:Ididish
5281:Kingdom
5278:Eblaite
5276:Second
5226:Menkare
5101:Shu-Sin
5097:Ishu-Il
5025:dynasty
5005:Pepi II
4938:(Queen
4824:Elamite
4775:Userkaf
4718:Akurgal
4647:Ku-Baba
4463:(Queen
4399:Mesilim
4334:Sanakht
4324:(First
4141:Zuqaqip
4138:Kalumum
4123:Kalibum
4119:Puannum
4076:Kingdom
3925:Anedjib
3909:Hor-Aha
3854:Nat-Hor
3787:Iry-Hor
3783:Shendjw
3755:Pen-Abu
3703:Susa II
3485:Capital
3402:Sehener
3190:Capital
3117:Meriiti
3086:Betrest
3054:Penebui
3044:Benerib
3016:Regents
2988:Anedjib
2968:Hor-Aha
2808:Sources
2606:4 April
2313:Ancient
2300:culture
2285:culture
2270:culture
2255:culture
2225:Culture
2223:Yamnaya
2210:Culture
2160:Elamite
2108:Hor-Aha
2076:Manetho
2001:serekhs
1943:god Set
1791:Memphis
1743:or the
1591:332–305
1561:343–332
1544:380–343
1531:398–380
1518:404–398
1505:525–404
1488:672–525
1458:732–653
1440:732–720
1427:837–728
1414:945–720
950:Periods
746:935–969
736:868–905
726:750–935
716:661–750
706:641–661
679:619–629
369:History
347:•
341:(first)
328:•
314:Pharaoh
279:Memphis
277:, then
271:Capital
204:Memphis
107:Memphis
8611:
8564:
8534:
8176:Jamasp
8170:Balash
8128:Narseh
8039:Trajan
8037:under
7571:Xerxes
7507:Madyes
7371:Sargon
6831:Siamun
6734:Siptah
6719:Seti I
6703:Ugarit
6448:Semqen
6433:Hyksos
6405:Abydos
6298:Sabium
6205:Bazaya
6196:Libaya
6130:Asinum
6127:Rimush
6087:Yamhad
5979:(...)
5956:Sumuel
5947:Zabaia
5944:Samium
5941:Emisum
5842:Ikunum
5814:Shibtu
5755:Immeya
5646:Shulgi
5541:Ur-gar
5501:Ur-Utu
5368:Lagash
5247:Nikare
5159:Eshpum
5147:Rimush
4999:Pepi I
4834:tarana
4778:Sahure
4758:Hishur
4735:Balulu
4700:Lagash
4681:Mug-si
4674:Ensha-
4622:Sa'umu
4550:Khafre
4534:Snefru
4482:Mes-he
4429:Lugal-
4420:Lagash
4363:Sagisu
4315:Djoser
4224:Tizqar
4195:Aratta
4151:Arwium
4148:Mashda
4098:Jushur
4028:Senedj
3967:period
3899:Narmer
3849:Wazner
3824:Hsekiu
3819:Ny-Hor
3798:Narmer
3768:Canide
3759:Animal
3665:Susa I
3615:Lagash
3589:Akshak
3564:Canaan
3492:Thinis
3429:Perneb
3345:Senedj
3197:Thinis
3107:Hemaka
2963:Narmer
2891:
2869:
2850:
2822:
2719:
2506:
2443:Canaan
2400:Qujia-
2386:Majia-
2371:Liang-
2356:Dawen-
2298:Sarazm
2240:Araxes
2195:VALLEY
2158:Proto-
2084:Narmer
2043:and a
2013:traded
1962:Cereal
1923:Narmer
1799:Abydos
1778:until
1749:Thinis
1747:(from
1604:305–30
1601:XXXIII
1515:XXVIII
1450:Nubian
1269:Hyksos
1163:Early
486:on the
372:
360:(last)
339:Narmer
318:
275:Thinis
252:Naqada
236:Thebes
220:Nekhen
188:Thinis
155:Naqada
139:Thebes
123:Nekhen
91:Thinis
8376:Boran
8358:Boran
8245:Syria
8025:Syria
8020:Judea
7562:Cyrus
7280:Urtak
6873:David
6479:Kirta
6463:Apepi
6460:Khyan
6181:Adasi
6151:Adasi
5779:(...)
5526:Gudea
5488:Si'um
5437:Setut
5408:Khita
5394:Ka-ku
5335:Ilulu
5331:Nanum
5323:Igigi
5067:Ukush
4969:Nanni
4731:Elulu
4618:Ansud
4537:Khufu
4465:Puabi
4342:Khaba
4338:Nebka
4220:Zamug
4158:Balih
4154:Etana
4115:Babum
3902:Menes
3844:Neheb
3839:Thesh
3829:Khayu
3802:Menes
3763:Stork
3594:Akkad
3584:Assur
3559:Egypt
3554:dates
3371:Menka
3303:names
3263:Weneg
3258:Nebra
3181:S3504
3177:S3503
3112:Sabef
3071:Semat
2959:Menes
2597:(PDF)
2458:Notes
2448:Nubia
2417:EGYPT
2413:EARLY
2341:Long-
2268:Botai
2238:Kura-
2193:INDUS
2181:Jeul-
2147:SUMER
2129:-3000
2080:Menes
1977:Neith
1973:Horus
1917:, or
1635:XXXIV
1588:XXXII
1502:XXVII
1424:XXIII
1342:XVIII
1194:Late
977:Early
792:Egypt
495:Egypt
63:Crown
8609:ISBN
8585:Per
8562:ISBN
8532:ISBN
7942:Musa
7632:and
7330:Piye
7094:Pami
6865:Saul
5790:Mari
5587:Uruk
5509:Umma
5404:Helu
5350:Uruk
5340:Dudu
5107:Uruk
5060:Mari
5023:Adab
4993:Teti
4904:Urur
4889:Kish
4799:Unas
4750:Tata
4746:Peli
4687:Umma
4668:Uruk
4658:Unzi
4638:Nizi
4497:Adab
4395:Uhub
4387:Kish
4350:Huni
4228:Ilku
4175:Uruk
4144:Atab
4091:Kish
3931:Qa'a
3915:Djet
3912:Djer
3867:Wash
3859:Mekh
3773:Bull
3750:Fish
3625:Elam
3609:Umma
3604:Adab
3599:Uruk
3579:Kish
3574:Mari
3569:Ebla
3179:and
3102:Amka
2998:Qa'a
2978:Djet
2973:Djer
2889:ISBN
2867:ISBN
2848:ISBN
2820:ISBN
2772:2001
2730:2013
2717:ISBN
2608:2012
2504:ISBN
2402:ling
2343:shan
2171:EBLA
2092:Qa'a
2090:and
1987:and
1895:Nile
1864:tȝwy
1735:The
1673:XXXV
1558:XXXI
1528:XXIX
1485:XXVI
1437:XXIV
1411:XXII
1312:XVII
1226:XIII
1129:VIII
952:and
5788:of
5327:Imi
4813:Ush
3922:Den
3834:Tiu
2983:Den
2500:479
2388:yao
2373:zhu
2358:kou
2183:mun
2088:Den
1868:in
1759:in
1541:XXX
1455:XXV
1398:XXI
1355:XIX
1287:XVI
1256:XIV
1213:XII
1116:VII
1047:III
956:of
8785::
8576:^
8487:;
8399:,
8276:,
7770::
7760::
7744::
7532:)
7327:")
7323:("
6982:")
6688:Ay
6435:")
6431:("
6340:")
6336:("
5936::
5886::
5816:)
5688:)
5333:,
5329:,
5325:,
4964:Ur
4942:)
4931:Il
4437:Ur
4226:,
4222:,
4197:")
4121:,
4117:,
4100:,
4003:Ba
3800:/
3790:Ka
3620:Ur
3315:Ba
2599:.
2584:^
2568:^
2531:^
2502:.
2478:,
2432:c.
1960:.
1949:.
1809:,
1780:c.
1761:c.
1368:XX
1274:XV
1200:XI
1169:XI
1142:IX
1086:VI
1060:IV
1017:II
1005:c.
967:BC
402:c.
387:c.
349:c.
330:c.
44:c.
37:c.
8663:e
8656:t
8649:v
8617:.
8570:.
8540:.
8301:)
8297:(
8012:)
8008:(
7528:(
7358:)
7354:(
6534:)
6285:)
6281:(
6185:(
6107:(
6095:)
6091:(
6070:)
6066:(
5872:)
5868:(
5798:)
5794:(
5769:)
5762:(
5742:)
5738:(
5684:(
5291:(
4467:)
4328:)
4108:,
3975:)
3971:(
3730:)
3726:(
3687:(
3591:/
3581:/
3526:e
3519:t
3512:v
3420:)
3416:(
3231:e
3224:t
3217:v
2961:/
2937:e
2930:t
2923:v
2897:.
2875:.
2856:.
2828:.
2732:.
2610:.
2512:.
1724:e
1717:t
1710:v
1669:)
1665:(
1452:)
1448:(
1271:)
1267:(
1155:X
1073:V
1001:I
935:e
928:t
921:v
42:–
23:.
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