2502:
2200:
162:
2212:
2206:
2535:
1679:
1684:
114:
386:
471:). While traversodontids for the most part remained medium-sized to reasonably large (the length of the largest species was up to two meters), the carnivorous forms became progressively smaller as the Triassic progressed. They "miniaturised". By the Late Triassic, the small cynodonts included the rodent-like
437:
refers to all theriodonts except the gorgonopsians (the most "primitive" group). They included the therocephalians and the cynodonts. The cynodonts include the mammals. The eutheriodonts have larger skulls, accommodating larger
916:
1897:
492:
414:
was larger, which gave them more efficient chewing ability. Furthermore, several other bones that were on the lower jaw (found in
422:, allowing the theriodonts to hear better and their mouths to open wider. This made the theriodonts the most successful group of
2635:
450:
885:
Descriptive and illustrated catalogue of the fossil
Reptilia of South Africa in the collection of the British Museum. London
2640:
944:
2501:
161:
2211:
2199:
1023:
965:
491:, but their relatives, the mammals, continued to evolve. Many mammal groups managed to survive the
1050:
937:
2607:
2593:
2555:
2403:
2205:
1678:
2602:
2310:
2284:
834:
2368:
2336:
824:
457:. Therocephalians included both carnivorous and herbivorous forms; both died out after the
241:
8:
2630:
2426:
1683:
2538:
2085:
1944:
930:
507:
402:. Early forms were carnivorous, but several later groups became herbivorous during the
156:
2025:
1998:
799:
2055:
1794:
1654:
1297:
805:
793:
775:
476:
475:(possibly related to or descended from traversodontids), and the tiny, shrew-like,
468:
2121:
1964:
1904:
1764:
1720:
1008:
763:
645:
593:
472:
2449:
2380:
2078:
2007:
1927:
1890:
1848:
1839:
1591:
1495:
1440:
1429:
1386:
1352:
1262:
1137:
1035:
853:
714:
638:
606:
557:
480:
458:
339:
288:
262:
29:
461:. The remaining theriodonts, the cynodonts, also included carnivores, such as
2624:
2578:
2523:
2392:
2151:
2143:
2064:
2014:
1984:
1974:
1911:
1771:
1729:
1526:
1511:
1484:
1463:
1325:
1318:
1234:
781:
741:
662:
632:
586:
579:
565:
549:
390:
363:
343:
300:
292:
143:
138:
71:
319:
named a suborder
Theriodontia, which he divided into the Cynodontia and the
2518:
2482:
2342:
2299:
2273:
2135:
2071:
1876:
1862:
1855:
1778:
1750:
1477:
1393:
1332:
1276:
1269:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1162:
787:
769:
720:
708:
668:
653:
572:
410:
were more mammal-like than was the case of other therapsids, because their
379:
359:
331:
320:
316:
296:
237:
123:
2587:
2357:
2325:
2128:
2107:
1883:
1743:
1736:
1701:
1644:
1634:
1562:
1470:
1365:
1193:
1171:
1152:
735:
726:
542:
463:
375:
371:
367:
335:
257:
128:
46:
2472:
2462:
2415:
2242:
2229:
2163:
2093:
2041:
1825:
1757:
1604:
1519:
1504:
1414:
1407:
1379:
1304:
1290:
746:
702:
683:
619:
526:
488:
454:
347:
219:
148:
133:
91:
56:
2259:
2114:
1815:
1540:
1400:
1311:
1255:
1248:
1186:
1116:
1103:
1062:
953:
829:
752:
600:
535:
399:
284:
206:
173:
96:
40:
2549:
2572:
2100:
1954:
1869:
1624:
1614:
1547:
1533:
1456:
1449:
1204:
1179:
983:
977:
757:
612:
499:
484:
446:
423:
403:
304:
193:
113:
86:
81:
66:
61:
51:
33:
1283:
992:
415:
411:
101:
76:
385:
374:. Even these early theriodonts were more mammal-like than their
2432:
1422:
971:
857:
626:
503:
183:
1241:
861:
439:
334:. In his system, Theriodontia fall into two main groups: the
327:
277:
922:
496:
419:
407:
2478:
2468:
2458:
2389:
2354:
2322:
2296:
2270:
2255:
2052:
2037:
1995:
1980:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1940:
1836:
1821:
1811:
1717:
1650:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1362:
1149:
1133:
121:
Restoration of three genus of the theriodont clade:
445:The eutheriodontian theriodonts are one of the two
856:: "the ones with beast teeth", referring to more
2622:
696:
1716:
358:Theriodonts appeared at the same time as their
1007:
1589:
938:
487:, and the tritylodontids survived into the
945:
931:
483:. The tritheledontids died out during the
112:
2240:
1114:
384:
467:, as well as newly evolved herbivores (
2623:
370:, about 270 million years ago, in the
2554:
2553:
2227:
1699:
1101:
964:
926:
493:Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
13:
14:
2652:
910:
896:J.A. Hopson. 1999. "Therapsids".
518:
451:Permian–Triassic extinction event
429:
2534:
2533:
2500:
2210:
2204:
2198:
1682:
1677:
398:Early theriodonts may have been
160:
44:
1700:
2228:
890:
877:
847:
1:
2636:Guadalupian first appearances
1102:
952:
870:
697:Phylogenetics of Theriodontia
898:Encyclopedia of Paleontology
353:
342:. The latter consist of the
7:
887:. Taylor and Francis. 88 pp
818:
513:
10:
2657:
2641:Taxa named by Richard Owen
495:, which wiped out the non-
442:and improved jaw muscles.
287:which appeared during the
2562:
2513:
2498:
2447:
2414:
2388:
2379:
2353:
2321:
2295:
2269:
2251:
2236:
2223:
2196:
2162:
2051:
2033:
2024:
1994:
1936:
1925:
1835:
1807:
1803:
1792:
1712:
1708:
1695:
1675:
1585:
1561:
1494:
1439:
1374:
1361:
1350:
1203:
1161:
1148:
1129:
1125:
1110:
1097:
1061:
1043:
1034:
1016:
1003:
960:
310:
253:
248:
157:Scientific classification
155:
120:
111:
23:
840:
510:and dominate the Earth.
449:survivors of the great
330:concept was devised by
299:, itself including the
291:and which includes the
283:) are a major group of
453:, the other being the
395:
2603:Paleobiology Database
835:Timeline of evolution
388:
825:Evolution of mammals
16:Clade of therapsids
418:), moved into the
396:
332:James Allen Hopson
2618:
2617:
2556:Taxon identifiers
2547:
2546:
2509:
2508:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2443:
2442:
2219:
2218:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2026:Sphenacodontoidea
1999:Palaeohatteriidae
1921:
1920:
1788:
1787:
1691:
1690:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1581:
1580:
1557:
1556:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
800:Probainognathidae
663:Ictidosuchopsidae
479:, related to the
270:
269:
244:
2648:
2611:
2610:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2551:
2550:
2537:
2536:
2504:
2480:
2470:
2460:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2356:
2324:
2298:
2272:
2257:
2249:
2248:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2056:Sphenacodontidae
2054:
2039:
2031:
2030:
1997:
1982:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1942:
1934:
1933:
1838:
1823:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1795:Haptodontiformes
1719:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1681:
1655:Protoclepsydrops
1652:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1587:
1586:
1372:
1371:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1298:Lalieudorhynchus
1159:
1158:
1151:
1135:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1112:
1111:
1099:
1098:
1041:
1040:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1004:
998:
997:
962:
961:
947:
940:
933:
924:
923:
904:
894:
888:
881:
864:
851:
806:Tritheledontidae
794:Chiniquodontidae
776:Thrinaxodontidae
633:Ericiolacteridae
477:Tritheledontidae
469:Traversodontidae
382:contemporaries.
236:
165:
164:
116:
106:
43:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2606:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2558:
2548:
2543:
2505:
2488:
2439:
2410:
2375:
2349:
2317:
2291:
2265:
2245:
2232:
2215:
2178:
2158:
2122:Secodontosaurus
2047:
2020:
1990:
1965:Hypselohaptodus
1930:
1917:
1905:Remigiomontanus
1831:
1797:
1784:
1765:Stereophallodon
1721:Ophiacodontidae
1704:
1687:
1661:
1577:
1553:
1490:
1435:
1355:
1338:
1199:
1144:
1119:
1106:
1077:
1057:
1030:
1024:Tetrapodomorpha
1009:Tetrapodomorpha
999:
967:
966:
956:
951:
913:
908:
907:
895:
891:
883:Owen, R. 1876.
882:
878:
873:
868:
867:
852:
848:
843:
821:
764:Procynosuchidae
699:
646:Ictidosuchoides
594:Eutherocephalia
587:Scylacosauridae
521:
516:
502:, allowing the
473:Tritylodontidae
432:
356:
313:
301:therocephalians
235:
159:
107:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
38:
37:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2654:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2599:
2584:
2568:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2476:
2466:
2455:
2453:
2450:Incertae sedis
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2397:
2395:
2383:
2381:Eutheriodontia
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2362:
2360:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2339:
2330:
2328:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2304:
2302:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2278:
2276:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2252:
2246:
2241:
2234:
2233:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2148:
2140:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2079:Ctenospondylus
2075:
2068:
2060:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2011:
2008:Palaeohatteria
2003:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1937:
1931:
1928:Sphenacodontia
1926:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1891:Melanedaphodon
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1849:Bohemiclavulus
1844:
1842:
1840:Edaphosauridae
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1819:
1808:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1723:
1706:
1705:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1648:
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1597:
1595:
1592:Incertae sedis
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1567:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1498:
1496:Varanodontinae
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1445:
1443:
1441:Mesenosaurinae
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1430:Thrausmosaurus
1426:
1419:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1387:Archaeovenator
1383:
1375:
1369:
1356:
1353:Eupelycosauria
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1263:Cotylorhynchus
1259:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1165:
1156:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1138:Diadectomorpha
1130:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1051:Reptiliomorpha
1044:
1038:
1036:Reptiliomorpha
1032:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1017:
1011:
1001:
1000:
996:
995:
986:
980:
974:
958:
957:
950:
949:
942:
935:
927:
921:
920:
912:
911:External links
909:
906:
905:
889:
875:
874:
872:
869:
866:
865:
845:
844:
842:
839:
838:
837:
832:
827:
820:
817:
816:
815:
814:
813:
812:
811:
810:
809:
808:(Ictidosauria)
802:
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
760:
755:
744:
738:
729:
723:
717:
715:Eotitanosuchia
711:
698:
695:
694:
693:
692:
691:
690:
689:
688:
687:
679:
678:
677:
676:
675:
674:
673:
672:
671:
665:
659:
658:
657:
649:
639:Ictidosuchidae
635:
629:
615:
609:
607:Moschorhinidae
603:
589:
575:
558:Eutheriodontia
554:
553:
552:
520:
519:Classification
517:
515:
512:
481:Mammaliaformes
459:Early Triassic
435:Eutheriodontia
431:
430:Eutheriodontia
428:
372:Middle Permian
355:
352:
340:Eutheriodontia
312:
309:
289:Middle Permian
268:
267:
266:
265:
263:Eutheriodontia
260:
251:
250:
246:
245:
230:
223:
222:
217:
210:
209:
204:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
153:
152:
118:
117:
109:
108:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
30:Middle Permian
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2540:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2524:Phthinosuchia
2522:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2503:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2404:Therocephalia
2401:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2393:Therocephalia
2387:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2226:
2222:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2153:
2152:Tetraceratops
2149:
2146:
2145:
2144:Tappenosaurus
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2065:Cryptovenator
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2015:Pantelosaurus
2012:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1985:Tetraceratops
1979:
1977:
1976:
1975:Kenomagnathus
1969:
1967:
1966:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1924:
1914:
1913:
1912:Xyrospondylus
1909:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1772:Stereorhachis
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1730:Archaeothyris
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1685:
1680:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1527:Tambacarnifex
1524:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:Mycterosaurus
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1485:Microvaranops
1482:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1464:Elliotsmithia
1461:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1326:Ruthenosaurus
1323:
1321:
1320:
1319:Phreatophasma
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1235:Callibrachion
1232:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
994:
990:
987:
985:
981:
979:
975:
973:
969:
968:
963:
959:
955:
948:
943:
941:
936:
934:
929:
928:
925:
918:
915:
914:
902:
899:
893:
886:
880:
876:
863:
859:
855:
850:
846:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
807:
803:
801:
797:
795:
791:
789:
785:
783:
782:Cynognathidae
779:
777:
773:
771:
767:
765:
761:
759:
756:
754:
750:
749:
748:
745:
743:
742:Therocephalia
739:
737:
733:
732:
731:Theriodontia
730:
728:
724:
722:
718:
716:
712:
710:
706:
705:
704:
701:
700:
686:
685:
680:
670:
666:
664:
660:
656:
655:
650:
648:
647:
642:
641:
640:
636:
634:
630:
628:
624:
623:
622:
621:
617:Superfamily †
616:
614:
610:
608:
604:
602:
598:
597:
596:
595:
590:
588:
584:
583:
582:
581:
580:Scylacosauria
576:
574:
570:
569:
568:
567:
566:Therocephalia
562:
561:
560:
559:
555:
551:
550:Gorgonopsidae
547:
546:
545:
544:
539:
538:
537:
534:
531:
530:
529:
528:
523:
522:
511:
509:
505:
501:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
436:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:. Theriodont
405:
401:
393:
392:
391:Scylacosaurus
387:
383:
381:
380:dinocephalian
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:Neotherapsida
361:
351:
349:
345:
344:Therocephalia
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
308:
306:
302:
298:
297:eutheriodonts
294:
293:gorgonopsians
290:
286:
282:
279:
275:
264:
261:
259:
255:
254:
252:
247:
243:
239:
234:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
145:
144:Progalesaurus
140:
139:Therocephalia
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
119:
115:
110:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
42:
35:
31:
22:
19:
2594:Theriodontia
2564:Theriodontia
2563:
2529:Theriodontia
2528:
2519:Pelycosauria
2483:Niaftasuchus
2481:
2471:
2461:
2448:
2311:Dinocephalia
2300:Dinocephalia
2285:Biarmosuchia
2274:Biarmosuchia
2258:
2203:
2150:
2142:
2136:Steppesaurus
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2084:
2077:
2072:Ctenorhachis
2070:
2063:
2040:
2013:
2006:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1953:
1943:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1877:Ianthasaurus
1875:
1868:
1863:Glaucosaurus
1861:
1856:Edaphosaurus
1854:
1847:
1824:
1814:
1779:Varanosaurus
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1751:Echinerpeton
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1590:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1510:
1503:
1483:
1478:Mesenosaurus
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1428:
1421:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1394:Ascendonanus
1392:
1385:
1378:
1333:Trichasaurus
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1277:Ennatosaurus
1275:
1270:Datheosaurus
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1228:Arisierpeton
1226:
1221:Angelosaurus
1219:
1214:Alierasaurus
1212:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1163:Eothyrididae
1136:
988:
982:Superclass:
917:Theriodontia
900:
897:
892:
884:
879:
849:
788:Gomphodontia
770:Galesauridae
721:Dinocephalia
709:Biarmosuchia
682:
669:Lycideopidae
654:Ictidosuchus
652:
644:
618:
601:Hofmeyriidae
592:
591:Infraorder †
578:
577:(unranked) †
573:Lycosuchidae
564:
556:
541:
532:
525:
462:
444:
434:
433:
397:
389:
360:sister group
357:
325:
321:Gomphodontia
317:Richard Owen
314:
281:Theriodontia
280:
273:
271:
233:Theriodontia
232:
226:
213:
200:
142:
132:
124:Arctognathus
122:
18:
2588:Wikispecies
2369:Gorgonopsia
2358:Gorgonopsia
2343:dicynodonts
2337:Anomodontia
2326:Anomodontia
2129:Sphenacodon
2108:Macromerion
1898:Ramodendron
1884:Lupeosaurus
1744:Clepsydrops
1737:Baldwinonus
1702:Metopophora
1645:Mastersonia
1635:Knoxosaurus
1563:Metopophora
1471:Heleosaurus
1366:Varanopidae
1194:Vaughnictis
1172:Asaphestera
1153:Caseasauria
919:- at Paleos
903:: 1256-1266
736:Gorgonopsia
727:Anomodontia
613:Whaitsiidae
543:Gorgonopsia
464:Cynognathus
455:dicynodonts
400:endothermic
368:Anomodontia
362:within the
336:Gorgonopsia
326:The modern
274:theriodonts
258:Gorgonopsia
129:Gorgonopsia
39:270–0
24:Theriodonts
2631:Therapsids
2625:Categories
2517:See also:
2473:Kamagorgon
2463:Dinosaurus
2427:Cynodontia
2416:Cynodontia
2243:Therapsida
2230:Therapsida
2173:see below↓
2164:Therapsida
2094:Dimetrodon
2042:Shashajaia
1826:Milosaurus
1758:Ophiacodon
1605:Dimacrodon
1572:see below↓
1520:Ruthiromia
1505:Aerosaurus
1415:Nitosaurus
1408:Dendromaia
1380:Apsisaurus
1305:Martensius
1291:Euromycter
1072:see below↓
871:References
830:Anomodonts
747:Cynodontia
703:Therapsida
684:Cynodontia
620:Baurioidea
563:Suborder †
540:Suborder †
533:Theriodont
527:Therapsida
489:Cretaceous
348:Cynodontia
285:therapsids
220:Therapsida
149:Cynodontia
134:Lycosuchus
2431:includes
2341:includes
2260:Raranimus
2115:Neosaurus
1816:Ianthodon
1541:Varanodon
1401:Eoscansor
1312:Oromycter
1256:Caseopsis
1249:Caseoides
1187:Oedaleops
1117:Synapsida
1104:Synapsida
1063:Synapsida
984:Tetrapoda
970:Kingdom:
954:Synapsida
753:Dviniidae
681:Suborder
627:Bauriidae
508:diversify
500:dinosaurs
424:synapsids
376:anomodont
354:Evolution
315:In 1876,
305:cynodonts
207:Synapsida
180:Kingdom:
174:Eukaryota
2573:Wikidata
2539:Category
2101:Eosyodon
2086:Cutleria
1955:Haptodus
1945:Cutleria
1870:Gordodon
1625:Gorgodon
1615:Driveria
1548:Watongia
1534:Varanops
1457:Cabarzia
1450:Anningia
1205:Caseidae
1180:Eothyris
978:Chordata
976:Phylum:
972:Animalia
819:See also
758:Mammalia
667:Family †
661:Family †
637:Family †
631:Family †
625:Family †
611:Family †
605:Family †
599:Family †
585:Family †
571:Family †
548:Family †
514:Taxonomy
485:Jurassic
447:synapsid
416:reptiles
404:Triassic
338:and the
303:and the
295:and the
194:Chordata
190:Phylum:
184:Animalia
170:Domain:
34:Holocene
2579:Q132812
2433:mammals
1284:Eocasea
993:Amniota
651:Genus †
643:Genus †
504:mammals
412:dentary
249:Groups
32:–
1423:Pyozia
860:-like
858:mammal
524:Order
440:brains
366:, the
311:Naming
141:) and
2608:56648
1242:Casea
989:Clade
862:teeth
854:Greek
841:Notes
497:avian
328:clade
278:clade
227:Clade
214:Clade
201:Clade
2425:see
2402:see
2367:see
2335:see
2309:see
2283:see
1049:see
1022:see
420:ears
408:jaws
378:and
346:and
272:The
242:1876
238:Owen
47:PreꞒ
506:to
151:).
131:),
2627::
2605::
2590::
2575::
991::
426:.
350:.
323:.
307:.
240:,
229::
216::
203::
97:Pg
41:Ma
36:,
2479:†
2469:†
2459:†
2390:†
2355:†
2323:†
2297:†
2271:†
2256:†
2155:?
2147:?
2139:?
2089:?
2053:†
2038:†
1996:†
1981:†
1971:†
1961:†
1951:†
1941:†
1837:†
1822:†
1812:†
1718:†
1658:?
1651:†
1641:†
1631:†
1621:†
1611:†
1601:†
1515:?
1418:?
1368:?
1363:†
1175:?
1155:?
1150:†
1141:?
1134:†
946:e
939:t
932:v
901:2
804:†
798:†
792:†
786:†
780:†
774:†
768:†
762:†
751:†
740:†
734:†
725:†
719:†
713:†
707:†
536:*
394:.
276:(
256:†
147:(
137:(
127:(
102:N
92:K
87:J
82:T
77:P
72:C
67:D
62:S
57:O
52:Ꞓ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
