183:
37:
191:
175:
210:) displayed a laurel wreath encircling a medallion with the dates "1914 1918", along with crossed swords between the arms. The reverse side was plain, except for the manufacturer's logo. The Honour Cross for non-combatants had a wreath of oak leaves, and no swords. Both crosses were in bronze. The Honour Cross for next-of-kin (commonly known as the Widows Cross) was finished in black.
214:
stripes on either side of a red stripe in the middle. They were frequently worn with the ribbon fashioned into a bow, with a pin on the back, which the mother or widow in question attached to her clothing. The application for this award had a time limit, which expired at the end of 1942. Each award came with an
267:, Danzig, Saar and Memel. Awarding of the cross to war participants of German heritage continued after the deadline for applications had closed within the previous boundaries of Germany. Such Honour Crosses were still being awarded as late as 1944. For all attached military personnel outside these regions, the
213:
The Honour Cross was worn suspended from a ribbon with black edge stripes, two white stripes, two black stripes and a red stripe in the middle between them. The ribbon of the Honour Cross for next-of-kin had these colours in a different order, having white edge stripes, with two black stripes, white
318:
For the next-of-kin (widows and parents) of those who died in battle or as a result of wounds received in battle, or having died in captivity or missing in action.
436:
461:
154:
who had taken part in the war, and where they had since died it was also awarded to their surviving next-of-kin. Shortly after its issuance, the government of
218:, or certificate, which indicated which form the award took. The certificates for the next-of-kin crosses came in two types – those for widows were titled
441:
158:
declared the award as the only official service decoration of the First World War and further forbade the continued wearing of most
226:(Honour Cross for Parents). The award was ranked above other service and occupation medals, but below other awarded combat medals.
451:
456:
446:
417:
398:
199:
344:
383:
159:
259:
by Nazi
Germany). By 1940, it had also been approved for persons of German heritage from seized lands of the
249:
By a decree dated 30 November 1938, the State
Minister of the Interior introduced these awards into the
182:
190:
174:
36:
8:
146:, by an order dated 13 July 1934, to commemorate service of the German people during the
139:
273:, through the ordinance of 30 June 1942, had already ordered approval of these awards.
413:
394:
251:
194:- for surviving widows and parents of fallen participants in the war, without swords.
206:), and it was designed by Eugene Godet. The medal awarded to combatants (called the
151:
143:
120:
264:
430:
136:
268:
155:
60:
391:
For Führer and
Fatherland: Political & Civil Awards of the Third Reich
260:
147:
320:
163:
256:
70:
All German and
Austrian participants in the war or their next-of-kin
150:. This was Germany's first official service medal for soldiers of
222:(Honour Cross for Widows), while those for parents were called
361:
198:
The Honour Cross was modelled on the reverse side of the
349:
302:
300:
298:
296:
294:
292:
290:
288:
286:
162:
on any military or paramilitary uniform of a state or
384:
The Honour Cross of the World War (Hindenburg Cross)
321:"About: The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918"
283:
428:
437:Orders, decorations, and medals of Nazi Germany
462:Military awards and decorations of World War I
169:The Honour Cross was awarded in three forms:
186:- for non-combatant veterans, without swords
26:
410:Die Auszeichnungen des Großdeutschen Reichs
117:The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
442:Military awards and decorations of Germany
35:
125:Das Ehrenkreuz des Weltkrieges 1914/1918
28:Das Ehrenkreuz des Weltkrieges 1914/1918
388:
367:
355:
306:
429:
407:
178:- for front-line veterans, with swords
13:
255:(the name of Austria after it was
200:War Commemorative Medal of 1870/71
14:
473:
204:Preußen Kriegsdenkmünze 1870-1871
229:The number of awards given was:
189:
181:
173:
127:), commonly referred to as the
452:1934 establishments in Germany
393:. R. James Bender Publishing.
338:
312:
1:
457:Awards disestablished in 1944
377:
345:German WWI Hindenburg Crosses
245:total 8,041,414
242:for parents 372,950
239:for widows 345,132
236:for non-combatants 1,120,449
233:for combatants 6,202,883
52:First World War Service Medal
7:
10:
478:
447:Awards established in 1934
408:Doehle, Heinrich (1995) .
142:, President of the German
107:Total awarded posthumously
106:
98:
90:
82:
74:
66:
56:
48:
43:(for front-line veterans)
34:
21:
276:
160:German Free Corps awards
133:German WWI Service Cross
41:Honour Cross with swords
412:. Reddick Enterprises.
22:The Honour Cross of the
389:Angolia, John (1989).
124:
27:
370:, pp. 13–14, 16.
224:Ehrenkreuz für Eltern
220:Ehrenkreuz für Witwen
135:, was established by
140:Paul von Hindenburg
24:World War 1914/1918
358:, pp. 12, 16.
208:Frontkämpferkreuz
114:
113:
469:
423:
404:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
342:
336:
335:
333:
331:
316:
310:
304:
193:
185:
177:
152:Imperial Germany
129:Hindenburg Cross
39:
30:
19:
18:
477:
476:
472:
471:
470:
468:
467:
466:
427:
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350:
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339:
329:
327:
325:dbpedialite.org
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313:
305:
284:
279:
148:First World War
144:Weimar Republic
44:
42:
25:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
475:
465:
464:
459:
454:
449:
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439:
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424:
419:978-0962488344
418:
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400:978-0912138169
399:
386:
379:
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373:
372:
360:
348:
337:
311:
281:
280:
278:
275:
265:Czechoslovakia
247:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
196:
195:
187:
179:
166:organization.
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
40:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
474:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
432:
421:
415:
411:
406:
402:
396:
392:
387:
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382:
381:
369:
364:
357:
352:
346:
341:
326:
322:
315:
309:, p. 12.
308:
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141:
138:
137:Field Marshal
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
83:First awarded
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
38:
33:
29:
20:
409:
390:
368:Angolia 1989
363:
356:Angolia 1989
351:
340:
328:. Retrieved
324:
314:
307:Angolia 1989
269:
250:
248:
228:
223:
219:
215:
212:
207:
203:
197:
168:
156:Nazi Germany
132:
128:
116:
115:
91:Last awarded
86:13 July 1934
61:Nazi Germany
57:Presented by
261:Sudetenland
67:Eligibility
431:Categories
378:References
164:Nazi Party
102:8,041,414
330:16 March
78:Obsolete
257:annexed
252:Ostmark
216:Urkunde
131:or the
416:
397:
270:Führer
121:German
75:Status
277:Notes
99:Total
16:Award
414:ISBN
395:ISBN
332:2013
94:1944
49:Type
110:Yes
433::
323:.
285:^
263:,
123::
422:.
403:.
334:.
202:(
119:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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