873:
31:
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896:(meaning "burden" in Tamil) is a physical burden which consists of a semicircular piece of wood or steel which are bent and attached to a cross structure in its simplest form, that is balanced on the shoulders of the devotee. By bearing the Kavadi, the devotees implore Murugan for assistance, usually as a means of balancing a spiritual debt or on behalf of a loved one who is in need of help or healing. Worshipers often carry pot(s) of
2896:
2267:
819:
of
Parvati, when she ran from her seat due to the heat generated by the sparks emanating from Shiva. Along with the armies of the devas, Murugan waged war on the asuras. Murugan split Surapadman into two with his vel and the two halves transformed into a mango tree and later into a peacock and a
920:, a portable altar up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall and weighing up to 30 kg (66 lb), decorated with peacock feathers and is attached to the body of the devotee through multiple skewers and metal hooks pierced into the skin on the chest and back.
763:
and other people. The devas pleaded Shiva for his assistance to put an end to the reign of
Surapadman and the asuras. In response, Shiva manifested five additional heads and a divine spark emerged from each of the six heads. Initially, the wind-god
951:. Devotees usually prepare for the rituals by keeping clean, doing regular prayers, following a vegetarian diet and fasting while remaining celibate. They make pilgrimage with bare feet and dance along the route while bearing these burdens.
984:, where Murugan was supposed to have emerged victorious against the asuras, the festival attracts lakhs of pilgrims every year for the ritual procession. A float festival is held every year in the temple tanks in
1035:
While the festival originated in India, the same spread across other countries with significant Tamil diaspora. It is celebrated in a much larger scale in some of the countries outside India. It is celebrated in
1697:
888:
is a ceremonial act of sacrifice and offering practiced by devotees during the
Thaipusam festival. It forms a central part of the festival and symbolizes a form of
3991:
1898:
2884:
2062:
1745:
625:
skewers. Devotees prepare for the rituals by keeping clean, doing regular prayers, following a vegetarian diet and fasting while remaining celibate.
3969:
1845:
947:, a type of holy ash is spread across the body including the piercing sites. Drumming and chanting of verses help the devotees enter a state of
4326:
2862:
831:
Murugan is a deity associated with yogic discipline and austerities in
Hinduism and is regarded by his adherents to be capable of offering
1120:
1104:
347:
4356:
4331:
1264:
4336:
4341:
4321:
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613:, a ceremonial act of sacrifice carrying a physical burden as a means of balancing a spiritual debt. Worshipers often carry a pot of
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759:. They subsequently started a reign of tyranny in their respective realms and oppressed the celestial beings including the
1958:
430:
410:
352:
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1115:. Thaipusam in Mauritius is celebrated with thousands of attendees taking the ritual 'Cavadee' from Kovil Montagne. In
527:
1927:
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3999:
3240:
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1796:"Devotees at Kapaleeswarar temple Mylapore for the annual float festival on the occasion of the Thaipusam in Chennai"
400:
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2011:
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took them to the
Saravana lake, where each of the sparks developed into a baby boy. The six boys were raised by
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took possession of them afterwards because of the unbearable heat. Agni deposited the sparks in the
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2900:
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1698:"Thaipusam 2022: From date to history, here's everything you need to know about the Tamil festival"
755:. Shiva granted them various boons which gave them near-immortality and the ability to conquer the
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1579:
They Do What: A Cultural
Encyclopedia of Extraordinary and Exotic Customs from Around the World
1516:
520:
440:
420:
2121:
1577:
828:. Thaipusam festival is celebrated to commemorate the victory of Murugan over the Surapadman.
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river. The water in the Ganga started evaporating due to intense heat, and so the goddess
8:
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In
Malaysia, the festival attracts thousands of people for the elaborate festivities at
1060:. It is also celebrated in other countries with significant people of Tamil origin like
4240:
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1631:
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30:
1986:
1171:. In the US, the festival is celebrated in various Hindu temples across the country.
1111:
carrying milk pots and kavadis with spikes pierced on their body and proceeds towards
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town and at the Sri Raj
Mahamariamman Temple in Suva. In Indonesia, processions are
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1626:
1616:
1605:"Practical implications of Mental Healthcare Act 2017: Suicide and suicide attempt"
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468:
385:
1020:
811:
who served as his commander-in-chief and eight others, who were sons bore by nine
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2063:"Hindu community decorate the streets of Victoria for Thaipoosam Kavadi festival"
1183:
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656:. It is also observed by other countries with significant Tamil diaspora like
4260:
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3316:
2950:
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2426:
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1089:
1008:. In 2021, the festival was declared a public holiday in the Indian state of
928:
885:
732:
685:
610:
299:
194:
128:
93:
688:. It is a public holiday in Mauritius, select states in Malaysia and in the
4145:
4066:
3854:
3709:
3631:
3591:
3581:
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3321:
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2557:
2446:
2331:
2286:
969:
561:
1656:
Celebrating Life
Customs Around the World: From Baby Showers to Funerals
1202:
in
Malaysia. It was a declared national holiday in Singapore till 1968.
860:
4026:
3874:
3859:
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3656:
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3044:
2602:
2567:
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2501:
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2326:
1850:
1750:
1350:
1195:
1139:, the festival is celebrated at Sri Siva Subrahmanya Swami Temple in
1132:
1081:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1037:
980:, the festival is celebrated over ten days known as Brahmotsavam. At
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717:
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661:
653:
649:
637:
580:
271:
146:
81:
77:
69:
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57:
964:
Thai pusam is a major festival in the Murugan temples including the
4170:
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4071:
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3704:
3616:
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3205:
3172:
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2793:
2728:
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2537:
2511:
2491:
2461:
2406:
2266:
1615:(Suppl 4). National library of medicine, United States: S750–S755.
1459:
Divinity and Diversity: A Hindu Revitalization Movement in Malaysia
1199:
1049:
1029:
997:
943:
is prohibited by Indian law, these practices are limited in India.
897:
645:
614:
584:
243:
186:
61:
2401:
4160:
3904:
3894:
3790:
3737:
3671:
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3361:
3079:
1824:"Thaipooyam Mahotsavam, Harippad, Festivals, Alappuzha festivals"
1156:
1041:
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989:
944:
913:
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276:
233:
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36:
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2471:
2296:
2291:
1542:
Portals: Opening Doorways to Other Realities Through the Senses
1187:
1124:
1077:
1025:
1005:
977:
948:
916:. The most extreme and spectacular practice is the carrying of
832:
821:
816:
812:
773:
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713:
673:
629:
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573:
154:
143:
49:
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1179:
1174:
It is a national holiday in Mauritius and a state holiday in
1144:
800:
752:
748:
736:
684:, and in countries with significant Indian migrants like the
633:
592:
248:
218:
53:
1004:. The festival is also observed as Thaipooyam Mahotsavam in
847:
in the Tamil month of Thai on the confluence of star Pusam.
3551:
3546:
3541:
3074:
3059:
3034:
2632:
2391:
2311:
1899:"Myanmar's Tamil community works to maintain their culture"
1846:"Thai Poosam a public holiday in Tamil Nadu from this year"
1152:
1140:
1136:
1061:
769:
765:
657:
598:. During the battle, Murugan is believed to have wielded a
583:. The festival is celebrated to commemorate the victory of
85:
1088:, and countries with significant Indian migrants like the
747:, and Singamukhan performed austerities to propitiate the
3747:
1932:
1376:
Symbols in Arts, Religion and Culture: The Soul of Nature
804:
599:
266:
4131:
Anniversary of Installation of the Sultan of Terengganu
1746:"Devotees throng Tiruchendur temple for Thai Poosam"
1485:
1240:
Traditional Festivals: A Multicultural Encyclopedia
1135:and Shree Sivasubramaniar Alayam in Palm Ridge. At
843:Thaipusam occurs annually and is celebrated on the
1155:. At Medan, pilgrims accompany a hundred year old
835:(spiritual liberation) to those who venerate him.
723:, denoting the day of occurrence of the festival.
4181:Declaration of George Town as World Heritage Site
1433:. Flipside Digital Content Company. p. 349.
1399:
1107:. In Singapore, devotees start the procession at
4258:
1430:Rising India and Indian Communities in East Asia
735:(the Tamil version of the Skanda Purana), three
2012:"Hindu Devotees Brave Rain, Water Cuts In Fete"
1603:Vadlamani, Laxmi Naresh; Gowda, Mahesh (2019).
609:The festival includes ritualistic practices of
4146:Declaration of Malacca City as Historical City
1602:
1400:Juergensmeyer, Mark; Roof, Wade Clark (2012).
1379:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 476.
3985:
2878:
2250:
1510:
1488:Culture and Customs of Singapore and Malaysia
521:
820:rooster. Murugan adopted the peacock as his
621:by piercing the skin, tongue or cheeks with
1989:(Report). Consulate General of India, Medan
1622:10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_116_19
1372:
1105:Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple, Penang
3992:
3978:
2885:
2871:
2257:
2243:
2213:"Thaipusam as public holiday: MOM replies"
2092:"Hindus end ato nement festival of Kavady"
1426:
1294:
1242:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 462-463.
528:
514:
29:
4111:Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sembilan's Birthday
1630:
1620:
1922:
1920:
1653:
1373:Chwalkowski, Farrin (14 December 2016).
1129:Clairwood Shree Siva Soobramonior Temple
1019:
602:, a divine spear granted by his mother,
39:during Thaipusam festivities in Malaysia
3819:Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji's Martyrdom Day
2006:
2004:
1953:
1951:
1875:The Encyclopedia of Religious Phenomena
1290:
1288:
1286:
4259:
3809:Parkash Utsav Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji
2035:
2033:
1981:
1979:
1872:
1582:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 387.
1575:
1452:
1450:
815:who arose from the gems of the broken
788:and they were later fused into one by
3973:
3814:Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji's Martyrdom Day
2866:
2238:
2142:
2115:
2113:
2086:
2084:
1917:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1319:
982:Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur
792:, thus giving rise to the six-headed
768:carried the sparks, but the fire-god
555:
2001:
1948:
1539:
1533:
1456:
1283:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
954:
4327:Religious festivals in South Africa
4201:Hol Day of Sultan Iskandar of Johor
3412:Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel's Birthday
3322:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Jayanti
2122:"Concord Temple Yatra: Unique Feat"
2030:
1976:
1447:
1237:
13:
2110:
2081:
1877:. Visible Ink Press. p. 332.
1672:
1558:
1479:
704:Thaipusam is a portmanteau of two
14:
4368:
4357:Observances held on the full moon
4332:Religious festivals in Guadeloupe
4216:Sarawak State Governor's Birthday
4211:Malacca State Governor's Birthday
3367:Maharaja Hari Singh Ji's Birthday
2119:
2041:"Thaipoosam Cavadee in Mauritius"
1262:
1224:
564:festival celebrated on the first
4342:Religious festivals in Indonesia
4322:Religious festivals in Mauritius
4186:Penang State Governor's Birthday
4085:
4001:
2894:
2843:
2842:
2265:
1015:
931:the skin, tongue or cheeks with
878:Ritual piercing during Thaipusam
871:
859:
193:
4347:Religious festivals in Thailand
4317:Religious festivals in Malaysia
4206:Sabah State Governor's Birthday
4156:Sultan of Terengganu's Birthday
3271:Puducherry De Jure Transfer Day
3261:Nagaland State Inauguration Day
3241:Jammu and Kashmir Accession day
3201:Arunachal Pradesh Statehood Day
2272:Festivals in the Hindu calendar
2205:
2183:
2161:
2147:. ISEAS Yusof Ishak Institute.
2136:
2120:V, Nirupama (5 February 2019).
2055:
1928:"Malaysia's Thaipusam festival"
1891:
1866:
1838:
1816:
1788:
1766:
1738:
1712:
1690:
1647:
1596:
1504:
1486:Jaime Koh; Lee-Ling Ho (2009).
1403:Encyclopedia of Global Religion
1266:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide
4352:Religious festivals in Myanmar
4337:Religious festivals in Réunion
3392:Rabindranath Tagore's Birthday
2143:Belle, Carl Vadivella (2018).
1427:Kesavapany, K. (August 2003).
1420:
1393:
1366:
1338:
1313:
1256:
1:
4241:Sultan of Selangor's Birthday
4236:Sultan of Kelantan's Birthday
3437:U Soso Tham Death Anniversary
3307:Babu Jag Jivan Ram's Birthday
1720:"Thaipusam festival - Palani"
1700:. First Post. 18 January 2022
1217:
838:
807:. Murugan was accompanied by
799:Parvati granted him a divine
739:(a race of celestial beings)
4307:Religious festivals in India
3804:Guru Hargobind Ji's birthday
3427:Swami Vivekananda's Birthday
1686:. Rough Guides. p. 517.
1609:Indian Journal of Psychiatry
1299:. Giri Trading. p. 55.
1109:Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple
974:Dhandayuthapani Swamy Temple
850:
824:and took the rooster as his
699:
7:
4221:Sultan of Pahang's Birthday
4008:Public holidays in Malaysia
3771:Feast of St. Francis Xavier
3417:Sree Narayana Guru Jayanthi
3402:Shaheed Udham Singh Jayanti
2991:Prophet Mohammad's Birthday
2171:. Public Holidays Mauritius
1654:Williams, Victoria (2016).
1205:
904:) or other objects such as
726:
617:as an offering and also do
10:
4373:
4231:Sultan of Perak's Birthday
4136:Sultan of Johor's Birthday
4116:Sultan of Kedah's Birthday
3622:Maharshi Parasuram Jayanti
3422:Sree Narayana Guru Samadhi
3295:Birth and anniversary days
2193:. Public Holidays Malaysia
1463:University of Hawaii Press
1295:Civarāman̲, Akilā (2006).
1212:Hinduism in Southeast Asia
1113:Sri Thendayuthapani Temple
925:mortification of the flesh
619:mortification of the flesh
4191:Raja of Perlis's Birthday
4094:
4083:
4014:
3917:
3845:
3827:
3799:Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti
3789:
3761:
3728:
3695:
3627:Maharishi Valmiki Jayanti
3462:
3455:
3357:Kazi Nazrul Islam Jayanti
3294:
3276:Puducherry Liberation Day
3191:
3088:
3010:
2999:
2933:
2907:
2838:
2807:
2782:
2754:Shravana Putrada Ekadashi
2651:
2525:
2415:
2350:
2279:
1873:Melton, J Gordon (2007).
1774:"Float festival, Madurai"
1658:. ABC-CLIO. p. 334.
1490:. ABC-CLIO. p. 176.
1320:T.K.R, Sridharan (2022).
1269:. Penguin. p. 1190.
1024:Thai pusam procession in
923:People also do a form of
628:Thaipusam is observed by
168:
160:
134:
124:
109:
99:
44:
28:
23:
4312:Hindu festivals in Nepal
3362:Maharaja Agrasen Jayanti
2951:Dussehra (Vijayadashami)
2901:Public holidays in India
2583:Kashmiri Hindu festivals
1544:. Taylor & Francis.
1457:Kent, Alexandra (2005).
959:
371:Nallur Kandaswamy temple
4267:Festivals in Tamil Nadu
3372:Maharana Pratap Jayanti
3286:Telangana Formation Day
3216:Chhattisgarh Rajyotsava
2719:Pausha Putrada Ekadashi
2217:Government of Singapore
2043:. Mauritius attractions
1963:Government of Singapore
1346:"Vanquishing the demon"
1238:Roy, Christian (2005).
1987:Celebrating Thai Pusam
1826:. Government of Kerala
1517:University of Michigan
1511:Gregory Leong (1992).
1406:. SAGE. p. 1267.
1032:
4282:Hinduism in Singapore
4166:Day of Nuzul Al-Quran
4126:Federal Territory Day
3337:Heroes' Martyrdom Day
3332:Guru Ravidass Jayanti
3327:Guru Ghasidas Jayanti
2966:Guru Nanak's Birthday
2145:Thaipusam in Malaysia
1682:Abram, David (2003).
1576:Javier, A.G. (2014).
1513:Festivals of Malaysia
1149:Palani Andawer Temple
1023:
994:Kapaleeshwarar Temple
557:[t̪əjppuːsəm]
181:Part of the series on
4297:February observances
4277:Religion in Malaysia
4161:First Day of Ramadan
3860:Indigenous Faith Day
2191:"Thaipusam Malaysia"
2169:"Thaipoosam Cavadee"
1959:"Thaipusam festival"
1540:Hume, Lynne (2020).
1165:Sri Mariamman Temple
1084:countries including
716:and the name of the
680:countries including
295:Kanda Shasti Kavasam
289:Texts and scriptures
172:Thursday, 25 January
16:Tamil Hindu festival
4292:January observances
4072:Muhammad's Birthday
3940:Panchayatiraj Divas
3900:Tendong Lho Rumfaat
3587:Krishna Janmashtami
3456:Religious festivals
3352:Kanakadasa Jayanthi
3246:Kannada Rajyothsava
3158:Sajibu Nongma Panba
2739:Sankashti Chaturthi
2724:Prabodhini Ekadashi
2497:Sajibu Nongma Panba
2317:Krishna Janmashtami
1724:Government of India
1465:. p. 170-174.
1086:Trinidad and Tobago
1044:, and countries in
866:A Kavadi procession
682:Trinidad and Tobago
310:Tirumurukarruppatai
4098:(differ by states)
3221:Goa Liberation Day
3143:Parsi New Year Day
3003:(differ by states)
2785:Balinese festivals
2764:Varuthini Ekadashi
2759:Vaikuntha Ekadashi
2704:Naraka Chaturdashi
2674:Ananta Chaturdashi
2219:. 14 February 2015
2069:. 10 February 2020
1297:Sri Kandha Puranam
1033:
164:Sunday, 5 February
4254:
4253:
4015:National holidays
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3913:
3912:
3432:Thiruvalluvar Day
3382:Netaji's Birthday
3256:Mizoram State Day
2908:National holidays
2860:
2859:
2598:Mahalakshmi Vrata
2442:Chaitra Navaratri
2353:Harvest festivals
2154:978-9-8147-8666-9
2018:. 4 February 2018
1905:. 13 January 2016
1884:978-1-5785-9230-2
1804:. 28 January 2021
1754:. 28 January 2013
1726:. 22 January 2023
1665:978-1-4408-3659-6
1589:979-8-2161-5549-2
1551:978-1-0001-8987-2
1526:978-9-6797-8388-9
1497:978-0-3133-5116-7
1472:978-8-7911-1489-2
1440:978-9-8145-1760-7
1413:978-0-7619-2729-7
1386:978-1-4438-5728-4
1354:. 5 December 2005
1331:979-8-8870-4354-8
1306:978-8-1795-0397-3
1276:978-8-1847-5277-9
1249:978-1-8510-9689-3
1159:locally known as
1123:is celebrated in
955:Areas of practice
731:According to the
538:
537:
391:Kalugasalamoorthy
348:Thiruparankundram
322:Six sacred abodes
176:
175:
113:Commemoration of
4364:
4099:
4089:
4062:Agong's Birthday
4047:Islamic New Year
4022:Chinese New Year
4006:
4005:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3748:Mohm Hajarat Ali
3517:Ganesh Chaturthi
3460:
3459:
3447:U Tirot Sing Day
3302:Ambedkar Jayanti
3281:Sikkim State Day
3070:Uzhavar Thirunal
3012:Harvest festival
3008:
3007:
3004:
2934:Central holidays
2920:Independence Day
2899:
2898:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2864:
2863:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2786:
2749:Shayani Ekadashi
2714:Nirjala Ekadashi
2679:Ashadhi Ekadashi
2664:Amalaka Ekadashi
2419:
2354:
2307:Ganesh Chaturthi
2273:
2269:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2124:. India Currents
2117:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1983:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1936:. 26 August 2011
1924:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1854:. 5 January 2015
1842:
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1342:
1336:
1335:
1324:. Notion Press.
1317:
1311:
1310:
1292:
1281:
1280:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1235:
1121:Thaipusam Kavady
986:Meenakshi Temple
900:as an offering (
875:
863:
576:coinciding with
559:
554:
530:
523:
516:
469:Karthikai Deepam
396:Kukke Subramanya
386:Ghati Subramanya
333:Pazhamudircholai
197:
178:
177:
142:coinciding with
117:'s victory over
45:Observed by
33:
21:
20:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4287:Tamil festivals
4272:Hindu festivals
4257:
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4141:Isra and Mi'raj
4097:
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4000:
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3959:
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3890:Ningol Chakouba
3841:
3823:
3785:
3757:
3724:
3691:
3687:Vishwakarma day
3682:Vasant Panchami
3612:Maha Shivaratri
3572:Kartika Purnima
3537:Hanuman Jayanti
3472:Akshaya Tritiya
3451:
3442:U Kiang Nangbah
3387:Pa Togan Sangma
3290:
3251:Maharashtra Day
3187:
3148:Pohela Boishakh
3090:New year's days
3084:
3055:Makar Sankranti
3002:
3001:
2995:
2981:Mahavir Jayanti
2929:
2903:
2893:
2891:
2861:
2856:
2850:Hindu festivals
2849:
2834:
2803:
2784:
2778:
2769:Vasant Panchami
2689:Kamada Ekadashi
2659:Akshaya Tritiya
2647:
2643:Vaikasi Visakam
2608:Panguni Uthiram
2573:Karthika Deepam
2563:Hanuman Jayanti
2526:Other festivals
2521:
2487:Pahela Baishakh
2457:Mesha Sankranti
2418:New year's days
2417:
2411:
2382:Makar Sankranti
2377:Maghe Sankranti
2352:
2346:
2322:Maha Shivaratri
2280:Major festivals
2275:
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2222:
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2099:
2098:. 24 April 2005
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2019:
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1776:. India Tourism
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1322:God and Science
1318:
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1277:
1263:Dalal, Roshen.
1261:
1257:
1250:
1236:
1225:
1220:
1208:
1184:Negeri Sembilan
1018:
962:
957:
941:self mutilation
939:. Since public
883:
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881:
880:
879:
876:
868:
867:
864:
853:
841:
729:
702:
552:
534:
502:Hinduism portal
494:
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489:Vaikasi Visakam
479:Panguni Uthiram
474:Kartika Purnima
459:Chitra Pournami
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323:
315:
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4171:Tadau Kaamatan
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4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4106:New Year's Day
4102:
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4095:State holidays
4092:
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3781:Missionary Day
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3669:
3667:Rahasa Purnima
3664:
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3654:
3649:
3647:Raksha Bandhan
3644:
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3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
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3599:
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3562:Jhulan Purnima
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3542:Hartalika Teej
3539:
3534:
3532:Govardhan Puja
3529:
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3407:Shaheedi Diwas
3404:
3399:
3397:Ramdev Jayanti
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3312:Basava Jayanti
3309:
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3183:Vikram Samvant
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Pana Sankranti
3135:
3133:New Year's Eve
3130:
3128:New Year's Day
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3094:
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3086:
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3016:
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3005:
3000:State holidays
2997:
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2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2941:Buddha Purnima
2937:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2925:Gandhi Jayanti
2922:
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2911:
2909:
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2744:Sharad Purnima
2741:
2736:
2734:Rishi Panchami
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2709:Narali Purnima
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Kartik Purnima
2691:
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2655:
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2618:Raksha Bandhan
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2482:Pana Sankranti
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2080:
2054:
2029:
2000:
1975:
1947:
1916:
1890:
1883:
1865:
1837:
1815:
1801:Times of India
1787:
1765:
1737:
1711:
1689:
1671:
1664:
1646:
1595:
1588:
1557:
1550:
1532:
1525:
1519:. p. 10.
1503:
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1419:
1412:
1392:
1385:
1365:
1337:
1330:
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1255:
1248:
1222:
1221:
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1216:
1215:
1214:
1207:
1204:
1169:Kampung Madras
1046:Southeast Asia
1017:
1014:
961:
958:
956:
953:
910:tender coconut
877:
870:
869:
865:
858:
857:
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642:Southeast Asia
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169:2024 date
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161:2023 date
158:
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132:
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74:Southeast Asia
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34:
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15:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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4246:Christmas Eve
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3950:Seng Kut Snem
3948:
3946:
3945:Patriot's day
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3891:
3888:
3886:
3885:Me-Dam-Me-Phi
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3870:Imoinu Iratpa
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
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3844:
3838:
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3769:
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3766:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Jumat-ul-Vida
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:Lhabab Duchen
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:Ratha Saptami
3660:
3658:
3655:
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3650:
3648:
3645:
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3640:
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3527:Ghatasthapana
3525:
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3518:
3515:
3513:
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3500:
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3368:
3365:
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3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3347:Kabir Jayanti
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3317:Bhanu Jayanti
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3284:
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3274:
3272:
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3259:
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3209:
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3184:
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3149:
3146:
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3141:
3139:
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3126:
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3119:
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3018:
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3006:
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2989:
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2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
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2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Christmas Day
2944:
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2699:Naga Panchami
2697:
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2690:
2687:
2685:
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2677:
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2667:
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2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:Tulasi Vivaha
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2628:Savitri Vrata
2626:
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2616:
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2609:
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2543:Datta Jayanti
2541:
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2427:Balipratipada
2425:
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2414:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
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2387:Makaravilakku
2385:
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2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
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2360:
2359:
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2342:Vijayadashami
2340:
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2328:
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2323:
2320:
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2255:
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2240:
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2218:
2214:
2208:
2192:
2186:
2170:
2164:
2156:
2150:
2146:
2139:
2123:
2116:
2114:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2005:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1904:
1900:
1894:
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1876:
1869:
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1721:
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1098:
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1090:United States
1087:
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1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1016:Outside India
1013:
1011:
1007:
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987:
983:
979:
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926:
921:
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915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:Kavadi Aattam
874:
862:
848:
846:
845:full moon day
836:
834:
829:
827:
823:
818:
814:
810:
806:
803:known as the
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
784:known as the
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
733:Kanda Puranam
724:
722:
719:
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711:
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695:
691:
687:
686:United States
683:
679:
675:
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659:
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647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
626:
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616:
612:
611:Kavadi Aattam
607:
605:
601:
597:
594:
590:
586:
582:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
558:
551:: Taippūcam,
550:
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531:
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464:Kandha Sashti
462:
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368:
365:Other temples
362:
361:
354:
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344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
319:
318:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
300:Skanda Purana
298:
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286:
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159:
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137:
133:
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129:Kavadi Aattam
127:
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120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
95:
94:United States
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4120:
4067:Malaysia Day
3855:Behdienkhlam
3720:Pang-Lhabsol
3710:Drupka Teshi
3676:
3632:Nag Panchami
3607:Maha Saptami
3597:Maha Ashtami
3592:Lakshmi Puja
3582:Kharchi Puja
3557:Holika Dahan
3547:Haryali Teej
3377:Martyrs' Day
3236:Himachal Day
3065:Surya Pongal
3030:Kanum Pongal
3025:Chapchar Kut
2915:Republic Day
2847:
2830:Dakshinayana
2820:Pitru Paksha
2808:Holy periods
2684:Guru Purnima
2613:Pargat Diwas
2588:Lakshmi Puja
2578:Karva Chauth
2533:Aadi Perukku
2336:
2221:. Retrieved
2207:
2195:. Retrieved
2185:
2173:. Retrieved
2163:
2144:
2138:
2126:. Retrieved
2100:. Retrieved
2095:
2071:. Retrieved
2066:
2057:
2045:. Retrieved
2020:. Retrieved
2015:
1991:. Retrieved
1966:. Retrieved
1938:. Retrieved
1931:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:Mizzima news
1902:
1893:
1874:
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1849:
1840:
1828:. Retrieved
1818:
1806:. Retrieved
1799:
1790:
1778:. Retrieved
1768:
1756:. Retrieved
1749:
1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1692:
1683:
1655:
1649:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1578:
1541:
1535:
1512:
1506:
1487:
1481:
1458:
1429:
1422:
1402:
1395:
1375:
1368:
1356:. Retrieved
1349:
1340:
1321:
1315:
1296:
1265:
1258:
1239:
1176:Kuala Lumpur
1173:
1160:
1117:South Africa
1101:Kuala Lumpur
1094:
1074:South Africa
1034:
963:
937:flagellation
935:skewers and
932:
922:
917:
901:
893:
890:debt bondage
884:
842:
830:
798:
757:three worlds
730:
703:
690:Indian state
670:South Africa
627:
622:
608:
544:
540:
539:
483:
431:Vallakkottai
421:Thindalmalai
406:Maruthamalai
343:Thiruchendur
212:(Kartikeya)
207:
125:Celebrations
110:Significance
90:South Africa
50:Tamil Hindus
18:
4196:Sarawak Day
4176:Gawai Dayak
4151:Good Friday
4052:Merdeka Day
4042:Eid al-Adha
4037:Eid al-Fitr
3880:Lui Ngai Ni
3847:Indigeneous
3753:Shab-I-Qadr
3672:Teja Dashmi
3602:Maha Navami
3502:Egas Bagwal
3477:Ayudha Puja
3231:Haryana Day
3226:Gujarat Day
2976:Eid-ul Zuha
2971:Eid ul-Fitr
2961:Good Friday
2815:Chaturmasya
2774:Vat Purnima
2623:Ratha-Yatra
2558:Gowri Habba
2553:Gaura Parva
2447:Cheti Chand
2332:Rama Navami
2287:Ayudha Puja
1684:South India
1048:notably in
970:South India
782:handmaidens
745:Tarakasuran
710:Tamil month
644:notably in
570:Tamil month
568:day of the
562:Tamil Hindu
426:Viralimalai
411:Pachaimalai
381:Chennimalai
151:Tamil month
35:Chariot of
4261:Categories
4027:Labour Day
3875:Indrajatra
3837:Samvatsari
3657:Rath Jatra
3652:Ram Navami
3642:Raja Parba
3522:Garia Puja
3512:Durga Puja
3482:Bathukamma
3266:Odisha Day
3193:State days
3108:Gudi Padwa
3098:Bohag Bihu
3075:Thiruvonam
2825:Uttarayana
2593:Kumbh Mela
2452:Gudi Padwa
2437:Bisu Parba
2432:Bohag Bihu
2302:Durga Puja
2223:1 November
2197:1 November
2175:1 November
2128:1 November
2102:1 November
2047:1 November
2022:1 November
1993:1 November
1968:1 November
1940:1 November
1858:1 November
1808:1 November
1780:1 November
1758:1 November
1730:30 October
1704:1 November
1358:1 November
1218:References
1097:Batu Caves
1070:Seychelles
1010:Tamil Nadu
966:six abodes
918:Vel kavadi
902:pal kavadi
839:Occurrence
741:Surapadman
694:Tamil Nadu
666:Seychelles
596:Surapadman
545:Thaipoosam
436:Vadapalani
376:Batu Caves
353:Thiruttani
338:Swamimalai
305:Tiruppukal
119:Surapadman
48:Primarily
4226:Deepavali
4121:Thaipusam
4077:Christmas
4032:Wesak Day
3865:Gaan-Ngai
3763:Christian
3677:Thaipusam
3567:Kali Puja
3507:Dol Jatra
3487:Bhai Dooj
3342:Janmotsav
3211:Bihar Day
3103:Cheiraoba
3045:Magh Bihu
3035:Kati Bihu
2652:Holy days
2603:Mahamaham
2568:Kali Puja
2548:Dhanteras
2502:Sankranti
2467:Jur Sital
2337:Thaipusam
2327:Navaratri
2096:SABC News
1851:The Hindu
1751:The Hindu
1351:The Hindu
1196:Putrajaya
1133:Cape Town
1082:Caribbean
1066:Mauritius
1058:Indonesia
1054:Singapore
1038:Sri Lanka
906:sugercane
851:Practices
700:Etymology
678:Caribbean
662:Mauritius
654:Indonesia
650:Singapore
638:Sri Lanka
591:over the
566:full moon
541:Thaipusam
484:Thaipusam
453:Festivals
401:Kunnakudi
272:Cock flag
147:nakshatra
140:full moon
82:Mauritius
78:Caribbean
70:Indonesia
66:Singapore
58:Sri Lanka
24:Thaipusam
4302:Kaumaram
4057:Muharram
3935:Remna Ni
3930:MHIP day
3705:Dosmoche
3697:Buddhist
3637:Navratri
3617:Mahalaya
3577:Ker Puja
3206:Asom Day
3173:Vaisakhi
3153:Puthandu
2986:Muharram
2794:Galungan
2729:Pradosha
2669:Amavasya
2538:Bhaubeej
2512:Vaisakhi
2492:Puthandu
2462:Mha Puja
2407:Shakrain
2016:Fiji Sun
1641:31040468
1206:See also
1200:Selangor
1050:Malaysia
1030:Malaysia
998:Mylapore
929:piercing
898:cow milk
809:Virabahu
786:Kṛttikās
727:Theology
646:Malaysia
615:cow milk
244:Devasena
240:Consorts
187:Kaumaram
62:Malaysia
3955:YMA Day
3925:May Day
3905:Yaosang
3895:Nuakhai
3738:Chehlum
3113:Losoong
3080:Wangala
1632:6482674
1157:chariot
1042:Myanmar
1002:Chennai
990:Madurai
945:Vibuthi
914:flowers
813:shaktis
794:Murugan
790:Parvati
708:words:
604:Parvati
589:Murugan
560:) is a
441:Vayalur
277:Peacock
261:Symbols
234:Ganesha
230:Brother
224:Parvati
215:Parents
209:Murugan
204:Deities
149:in the
115:Murugan
37:Murugan
3918:Others
3776:Easter
3730:Muslim
3497:Chhath
3492:Bonalu
3163:Sarhul
3123:Nauroz
2956:Diwali
2472:Navreh
2397:Pongal
2297:Diwali
2292:Chhath
2151:
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2067:Nation
1909:1 June
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1188:Penang
1161:Radhoo
1125:Durban
1080:, the
1078:Canada
1056:, and
1026:Penang
1006:Kerala
978:Palani
949:trance
912:, and
894:Kavadi
817:anklet
737:asuras
676:, the
674:Canada
652:, and
630:Tamils
416:Sikkal
328:Palani
138:First
3464:Hindu
3178:Vishu
3168:Ugadi
3118:Losar
3050:Maghi
3040:Lohri
3020:Bhogi
2799:Nyepi
2517:Vishu
2507:Ugadi
2477:Nyepi
2402:Pusnâ
2372:Maghi
2367:Lohri
2362:Bhogi
1830:8 May
1192:Perak
1180:Johor
1145:Medan
1099:near
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960:India
833:mukti
822:mount
801:spear
778:Ganga
774:Ganga
761:devas
753:Shiva
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721:Pusam
706:Tamil
634:India
593:demon
585:Hindu
578:Pusam
549:Tamil
249:Valli
219:Shiva
104:Hindu
54:India
3829:Jain
3791:Sikh
3552:Holi
3060:Onam
2633:Teej
2392:Onam
2312:Holi
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2199:2023
2177:2023
2149:ISBN
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2104:2023
2075:2024
2049:2023
2024:2023
1995:2023
1970:2023
1942:2023
1911:2024
1879:ISBN
1860:2023
1832:2021
1810:2023
1782:2023
1760:2023
1732:2023
1706:2023
1660:ISBN
1637:PMID
1584:ISBN
1546:ISBN
1521:ISBN
1492:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1435:ISBN
1408:ISBN
1381:ISBN
1360:2023
1326:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1271:ISBN
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1198:and
1153:Aceh
1147:and
1141:Nadi
1137:Fiji
1103:and
1062:Fiji
992:and
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770:Agni
766:Vayu
751:god
718:star
714:Thai
658:Fiji
587:god
581:star
574:Thai
553:IPA:
155:Thai
144:Pusa
135:Date
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