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Temelín Nuclear Power Station

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849:(Modernised International Reactor). ZAT would supply automated systems for the plant, HOCHTIEF CZ would be responsible for construction of the nuclear island, and UJV Rez would help compile project documentation for the nuclear and turbine islands, and also create working documentation for construction of the plant. A statement said the consortium is aiming for a "localisation level" of 75 percent. The other running project for the contract was Westinghouse with its AP1000 reactor. The winner of the contract was scheduled to be announced at the end of 2013. 31: 876: 460: 890: 904: 342: 389:
national and international (mainly Austrian) opposition was stronger than in the early 1990s. In a 1999 opinion poll 47% of Czech citizens were in favor and 53% against nuclear power development, a fall from 1994. In subsequent years the same poll showed change to 63% in favor and 37% against in 2000 with 58% in favor and 42% against in 2001, indicating fluctuation of opinion.
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identify the main issues of concern and to find solutions to the problems which were identified. Procedures were agreed bilaterally in order to follow up the implementation of improvements which might take more time to be completed. The subsequent monitoring of the Melk provisions, extended to the public, is considered as a model of bilateral transparency.
841:. In October 2012 ČEZ informed Areva that they have in their bid failed to meet statutory requirements. Moreover, Areva has not fulfilled some other crucial criteria defined in the tender. Since the award procedure has been conducted in accordance with the Public Procurement Act, Areva's bid had to be excluded from further evaluation. 399:
As a result of cost overruns, political changes and design changes to the plant, Reactor 1 began commercial operations in June 2002, and Reactor 2 on april 18th, 2003. As of 2023, the two reactors have produced 272 TWh, or 272.000.000.000 kWh of electricity, with no CO2 emissions. Assuming a price
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The Melk Protocol is a bilateral agreement which was signed on 12 December 2000 by the Czech Prime Minister and the Austrian Chancellor. The Commission was present, offering its good offices to mediate between both parties. The Melk Process was followed up by a meeting of the Czech Prime Minister,
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The role of the Commission in the mediation process leading up to the Protocol was not to evaluate the technical safety of the Temelin power plant, but rather one of a political nature, to facilitate the dialogue and exchange of information between Austria and the Czech Republic, in order to both
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data show that Reactor 1 reaches a cumulative operating factor of about 63%, and Reactor 2 an operating factor of about 76%. The cumulative operating factor figures for Temelín NPP reactors are lower than the figures of similar reactors operated in Russia, where the cumulative operating factor is
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The Czech government is actively pursuing expansion of nuclear capacity. "Energy policy in the Czech Republic is guided by the State Energy Policy (SEP), the latest one dating to 2015. Key targets are to reduce energy consumption, improve the energy intensity of the economy and to expand nuclear
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In 1998 construction was not completed and costs reached 71 Billion CZK. The Czech government again reconsidered completion of the plant. In 1999 the decision was made to continue, hoping for an expected completion in 2000 with a maximum cost of 98.6 CZK billion. The project was controversial;
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In March 2013, a Russian led consortium, comprising Atomstroyexport, Gidropress and Skoda, signed contracts with the three Czech companies ZAT, HOCHTIEF CZ and UJV Rez, for the construction of the two new nuclear reactor units for Temelín-3 and Temelín-4. The reactors proposed are the
443:. The aim of the protocol was to resolve disputes over the Temelín plant. Austria raised several concerns about the safety and procedures. The Czech Republic committed itself to some above-standard procedures (e.g., notification of events at Temelín to Austria, and a more stringent 400:
level of CZK 2 per kWh, this amounts to 544 Billion CZK. As the initial investment is CZK 100 billion, the plant turns a profit. In 2022 alone, the operators of the plant earned CZK 80 billion, as a result of the Russian invasion and the resulting energy crisis.
381:. As part of the alterations information and control systems were added, electrical modifications carried out, and cabling, reactor core and fuel elements were replaced. In 1993 the Czech government decided to complete the plant in the face of delays and 852:
In April 2014, ČEZ cancelled the project after the Czech government stated it does not plan to provide guarantees or other mechanisms to support the construction of low-emission power plants following discussions in the EU. The ČEZ CEO stated:
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Příslušná pasáž závěrečného prohlášení říká, že "Rakousko a Česká republika se shodují na společném cíli zařadit bilaterální povinnosti obsažené v tomto dokumentu do protokolu k přístupové dohodě". Jde v podstatě pouze o dohodu o budoucím
447:). Consequently, Austria recognised the importance of EU enlargement and agreed that the free movement of goods and people must be preserved (this clause was a response to the blockade of Czech-Austrian border crossings by Austrian 857:
While originally the project was fully economically feasible given the market price of electricity and other factors, today all investments into power plants, which revenues depend on sales of electricity in the free market, are
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Planning began in the late 1970s and the final project was submitted in 1985. Construction of four operating units began in 1987. The project was expected to be completed in 1991 with estimated building costs of 35 billion
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In spring 2003, the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant, with its 2,180 MW of installed capacity, became the largest power resource in the Czech Republic and the largest source of zero emission electricity generation by far.
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For the reactor to produce 1W of thermal output, 30 billion fissions of uranium-235 must take place every second. For a coal power station to produce the same output 1,500,000,000 billion carbon atoms must be
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Verheugen oznámil, že Evropská komise hned v pátek předloží členským státům návrh společné pozice vůči ČR v kapitole energetika s doporučením ji uzavřít. Rakouská strana se zavázala, že tomu nebude bránit.
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government decided to cease construction of the third and fourth reactors. Work continued on the first two reactors; in the 1990s alterations to the original design were made by
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Each tower has a height of 150 metres (490 ft), a diameter of 130 metres (430 ft), and an external wall surface area of 44,000 square metres (470,000 sq ft).
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the Austrian Chancellor and the Commission on 29 November 2001, where 'conclusions of Melk Process and follow-up' were signed by both parties (so-called Brussels Protocol).
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PRIS database. In 2013 the reactors were uprated from 3,000 MW thermal output to 3,120 MW output, bringing the total output to 1003 MWe net and 1056 MWe gross. In 2015
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protesters demonstrated against the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant and at one stage temporarily blocked all 26 border crossings between Austria and the Czech Republic.
2012: 1830:"CEZ Group | ČEZ Has Today Opened Bids From Three Qualified Bidders Interested in Completing the Temelín NPP and have Thus Started the Bid Evaluation Process" 385:, with expected completion at the time estimated for 1997. In 1994 an opinion poll reported that 68% of Czech citizens were in favor of nuclear power development. 1460: 1016: 1769: 1982: 1856:"CEZ Group | Areva Failed to Comply with Public Contract Requirements Defined for Building Temelín NPP Units 3 and 4; ČEZ Had to Disqualify This Bidder" 1509: 1992: 1911: 1684: 990: 960: 2007: 1486: 275: 2002: 1881: 1237: 1211: 1156: 818:
announced that the construction of new reactors will continue according to the original plans, but with the tender selection delayed to 2013.
787:ČEZ had increased operating factor and production in recent years and the plant reached 84% in 2012 with a total record production of 15 TWh. 1631: 1606: 1859: 1833: 1212:"USNESENÍ VLÁDY ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY ze dne 12. srpna 1998 č. 516 o postupu nezávislého posouzení projektu dostavby jaderné elektrárny Temelín" 1987: 1570: 821:
In July 2012 ČEZ opened bids for the public contract for completing the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant in the presence of the bidders -
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to bring reliability and safety levels into conformance with Western European standards. The standards audit was carried out by
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for two additional reactors. In 2009 regional approval was granted for the new build. In August 2009, ČEZ sought bids for two
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was a member of the coalition government. However, in July 2008 ČEZ requested the Ministry of the Environment conduct an
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Plans to build all four original reactors were reopened in 2005. However, in 2014 the prospective plans were cancelled.
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Model of the plant at the information center. The light green area was originally intended for the two unbuilt reactors.
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In 2021, Westinghouse was contracted to upgrade the instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in a 9-year project.
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Most information was taken from ČEZ website Others from leaflet "Energy from South Bohemia" by ČEZ Group and the
444: 1338:"ČEZ Group earned over CZK 80 billion in 2022, will pay more than CZK 100 billion to the Czech State this year" 929: 1323: 1907: 1680: 982: 952: 826: 366: 1482: 1189: 924: 799: 1377: 1351: 1082: 1430: 1404: 1038: 909: 807: 181: 354:. Six villages were demolished by the then-Communist government to make way for the power station. 1855: 1829: 798:
In 2007 planning was suspended because a new government agreed not to promote nuclear energy; a
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was updated, bringing the total output to the current 1026 MWe net and 1080 MWe gross.
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The vessel is made of high quality, low-alloy chrome-nickel-molybdenum-vanadium steel.
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A single assembly has the shape of ~4.5m long hexagonal and inside are 312 fuel rods.
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Vessel height: ~11m, outside diameter: ~4.5m, wall thickness: 193 mm.
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The reactor contains 163 fuel assemblies and 61 control rod assemblies.
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Group, which employs 1000 workers at this site. The adjacent castle
846: 1882:"MIR-1200 Consortium Signs Temelín Contracts With Czech Companies" 889: 425: 1185: 591:: 92t (The reactor splits about 3 kg of uranium every day). 581:
Fuel enrichment: max. 5% (average 3.5%) of U (fissile isotope).
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10 Years of Experience with Westinghouse Fuel at NPP Temelin
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The plant has 4 cooling towers (each unit has 2 towers).
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The vessel is designed for up to 17.6MPa at 350 °C.
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Fuel Replacement cycle: 4 years (1/4 is changed yearly).
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The fuel rods contain stacked cylindrical fuel pellets.
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Buildings and structures in the South Bohemian Region
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Pure water is evaporated in cooling tower (~0.3m/s).
1910:. Nuclear Engineering International. 11 April 2014. 1039:"Decarbonization | Sustainability in CEZ Group" 871: 706: 412:The Melk Protocol, signed on 12 December 2000 in 1974: 2013:21st-century architecture in the Czech Republic 1983:Nuclear power stations in the Czech Republic 1900: 566: 420:, is the result of negotiations between the 1963:360 Panorama of Temelin Nuclear Power Plant 1707:"CEZ requests EIA for expansion of Temelin" 1133:. The Uranium Institute. 31 December 2000. 1993:Nuclear power stations using VVER reactors 700:The water needs to be constantly refilled. 2008:2000 establishments in the Czech Republic 1294:"Austrian anti-nuclear protests continue" 611: 428:Governments, led by Czech Prime Minister 404:power by about 2 500 MW by around 2035." 1428: 1402: 737: 458: 451:). The protocol is not legally binding. 392:In September and October 2000, Austrian 340: 2003:Energy infrastructure completed in 2000 1739:"Tender launched for Temelin expansion" 1561: 1559: 1431:"ČR a Rakousko uzavřely proces z Melku" 1405:"ČR a Rakousko uzavřely proces z Melku" 1180: 1178: 1053:"Temelin nuclear power plant activated" 719:Inside diameter of cylindrical section: 276:Related media on Commons 1975: 1264:"Anti-nuclear protest on Czech border" 1908:"CEZ cancels Temelin 3&4 project" 1214:. Kormoran.vlada.cz. 12 August 1998. 1019:from the original on 25 December 2010 932:– another nuclear power plant in the 1888:from the original on 19 October 2013 1862:from the original on 1 November 2012 1836:from the original on 2 November 2012 1749:from the original on 1 November 2009 1687:from the original on 21 January 2013 1556: 1507: 1463:from the original on 24 January 2012 1429:Faltýnek, Vilém (30 November 2001). 1403:Faltýnek, Vilém (30 November 2001). 1304:from the original on 2 February 2014 1274:from the original on 2 February 2014 1175: 1159:. Kormoran.vlada.cz. 10 March 1993. 624:Quantity of primary circuit coolant: 1719:from the original on 5 January 2009 1097: 1085:from the original on 8 October 2011 920:Nuclear power in the Czech Republic 13: 1914:from the original on 16 April 2014 1806:. 21 February 2011. Archived from 1780:from the original on 22 March 2011 1767: 1380:. European Parliament. 19 May 2006 1354:. European Parliament. 19 May 2006 1240:. Kormoran.vlada.cz. 12 May 1999. 1111:from the original on 29 March 2008 781:International Atomic Energy Agency 752:1 high pressure and 3 low pressure 685: 667:Steam delivered per one generator: 654: 14: 2024: 1951: 1244:from the original on 3 March 2012 1218:from the original on 3 March 2012 1192:from the original on 3 March 2012 1163:from the original on 3 March 2012 1137:from the original on 8 April 2009 975: 945: 762:Voltage on alternator's terminal: 750:Number of steam turbine sections: 707:Protective Envelope (containment) 454: 329:serves as an information centre. 16:Power plant in the Czech Republic 1522:from the original on 8 May 2018. 1107:. Ekolist.cz. 10 November 2006. 902: 888: 874: 407: 169:Nuclear power station 29: 1958:Official info on website of ČEZ 1926: 1874: 1848: 1822: 1792: 1761: 1731: 1699: 1673: 1661: 1649: 1624: 1599: 1585: 1544:from the original on 9 May 2018 1526: 1501: 1489:from the original on 9 May 2015 1475: 1449: 1422: 1396: 1370: 1344: 1330: 1316: 1286: 1256: 1230: 1204: 993:from the original on 8 May 2018 963:from the original on 8 May 2018 804:environmental impact assessment 790: 445:environmental impact assessment 1508:Bica, Martin (November 2013). 1149: 1123: 1071: 1045: 1031: 1005: 930:Dukovany Nuclear Power Station 774: 713:Height of cylindrical section: 1: 939: 827:Westinghouse Electric Company 648:Coolant flow through reactor: 463:Cooling towers at Temelin NPP 295:Temelín Nuclear Power Station 35:Temelín nuclear power station 24:Temelín Nuclear Power Station 1433:. Radio Prague International 1407:. Radio Prague International 925:Energy in the Czech Republic 436:, with the participation of 7: 1884:. Nucnet.org. 2 July 2012. 1858:. Cez.cz. 17 January 2014. 1635:"Temelin Reactor 2 at PRIS" 1610:"Temelin Reactor 1 at PRIS" 865: 812:Fukushima nuclear accidents 810:(PWRs). Shortly after the 642:Coolant outlet temperature: 244:Annual net output 10: 2029: 1540:(in Czech). 21 July 2016. 1457:"CEZ Group | Temelín" 1013:"CEZ Group | Temelín" 808:pressurized water reactors 731:Thickness of steel lining: 644:approx. 320 °C (608F) 638:approx. 290 °C (554F) 636:Coolant inlet temperature: 336: 321:. Temelín NPP is owned by 303:Jaderná elektrárna Temelín 1988:České Budějovice District 910:Nuclear technology portal 679:Steam outlet temperature: 567:The reactor vessel (core) 281: 271: 257: 252: 242: 232: 216: 196: 192: 187: 173: 168: 160: 152: 136: 128: 118: 110: 102: 65: 54: 44: 40: 28: 23: 1324:"PRIS - Country Details" 983:"PRIS - Reactor Details" 953:"PRIS - Reactor Details" 661:Number per reactor unit: 618:Number of cooling loops: 432:and Austrian Chancellor 1483:"PRIS - Czech Republic" 542:VVER 1000 type V 320 PW 218:Nameplate capacity 111:Construction began 87:49.180139°N 14.376222°E 61:, South Bohemian Region 1569:. IAEA. Archived from 1510:"Temelín Power Update" 860: 825:, a consortium of the 681:278.5 °C (533.3F) 673:Steam outlet pressure: 612:Reactor cooling system 464: 449:anti-nuclear activists 346: 302: 201:Units operational 129:Construction cost 1270:. 15 September 2000. 882:Czech Republic portal 855: 738:Turbine generator set 462: 438:European Commissioner 344: 188:Power generation 1804:Prague Daily Monitor 1768:jw (17 March 2011). 369:in conjunction with 234:Capacity factor 209:Units cancelled 204:2 x 1080 MWe (gross) 120:Commission date 92:49.180139; 14.376222 1300:. 14 October 2000. 768:Alternator cooling: 630:Operating pressure: 496:Initial criticality 311:nuclear power plant 253:External links 83: /  1743:World Nuclear News 1712:World Nuclear News 513:1000 type V 320 PW 465: 347: 1774:Mladá fronta DNES 1745:. 3 August 2009. 1668:Kalinin Reactor 3 1059:. 12 October 2000 814:, Prime Minister 564: 563: 434:Wolfgang Schüssel 359:Velvet revolution 292: 291: 174:Reactor type 2020: 1946: 1945: 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Index


Czech Republic
Temelín
49°10′48.5″N 14°22′34.4″E / 49.180139°N 14.376222°E / 49.180139; 14.376222
Commission date
ČEZ Group
VVER
PWRs
Nameplate capacity
Capacity factor
Annual net output
Official website
Related media on Commons
edit on Wikidata
Czech
nuclear power plant
Temelín
Czech Republic
ČEZ
Vysoký Hrádek

CSK
Velvet revolution
Czechoslovakian
Westinghouse
SUJB
IAEA
Halliburton NUS
cost overruns
anti-nuclear

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