758:, which have been affected due to insect attacks. The collection in the library consists of two printed books of Tengyur (in 25 volumes), which are commentaries on Buddhist teachings; three sets of Kangyur, the translated version of the canons of Buddhist teachings; and Chanjia Sangbhums in five volumes. Of the three sets of Kangyur, two are handwritten and one is printed. The printed sets are in 101 volumes. One handwritten set has 131 volumes and the other 125 volumes; the letters of these 125 books are washed in gold. The religious text, Gyentongpa, has letters washed in gold in all its pages. At some stage, some of the sacred scriptures were lost and the reason was attributed to the monks of the Tsona monastery who used to visit Tawang during winter time. In the past, these monks had demanded that the gilded image of the Buddha be gifted to them. This was not accepted by the Lamas of the Tawang Monastery and as result the Tsona Lamas refused to part with some of the sacred texts and records of the Tawang Monastery which were with them. They again took away more books in 1951.
499:
434:
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special thangka of the goddess Sro Devi (Palden Lhamo), which is the guardian deity of the monastery. It is said that it was painted with the blood drawn from the nose of the 5th Dalai Lama, which renders an ethereal "living quality" to the thanka. This thangka image, also known as Dri Devi, was donated to the monastery by the 5th Dalai Lama. The main temple fell into a dilapidated condition and was renovated in 2002 in the traditional
Buddhist architectural style. It has been exquisitely decorated with paintings, murals, carvings, sculptures and so forth.
402:
333:
567:, each headed by a monk; the Darana Dzong built in 1831 and the Sanglem Dzong, also known as Talung Gompa, in the south-west part of Kameng district. These dzongs not only collect taxes but also preach Buddhism to the Monpas and Sherdukpens of Kameng. The monastery owns cultivable lands in the villages of Soma and Nerguit and a few patches in some other villages which are tilled and cultivated by farmers, who share the produce with the monastery. The present resident head of the monastery is the incarnate Gyalsy Rinpochey.
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656:. He served in the monastery for a long time and on one fine day he announced that he had completed his service to the monastery and then stamped his left foot on the stone slab which created a dented formation of his step. This step is venerated as a miracle in view of a belief among the people of the region that such an imprint on a stone slab could only be created by a divine person who was a true devotee of the monastery.
774:, Ajilamu, and Torgya. Choksar is the festival when the Lamas recite religious scriptures in the monasteries. Following the religious recitations, the villagers carry the scriptures on their back and circumambulate their agricultural land seeking blessings for the good yield of crops without any infestations by pests and to protect against attack by wild animals. In the Losar festival, which marks the beginning of the
1791:
518:, when China invaded India on 20 October 1962 from the northeastern border, forcing the Indian army to retreat. They occupied Tawang, including the monastery, for six months, but did not desecrate it. China claimed that Tawang belonged to Tibet. It is one of the few monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism that have remained protected from Mao's Cultural Revolution without any damage. Before this war, in 1959, the
445:, who was his contemporary. When Merek Lama was experiencing difficulties in building the monastery at the chosen location of Tsosum, the ancient name for Tawang, the 5th Dalai Lama issued directives to the people of the area to provide him all help. To fix the perimeter of the Dzong, the Dalai Lama had also given a ball of yarn, the length of which was to form the limit of the monastery.
325:
552:(UK), an acknowledged landslide expert, wrote: "the northern flank of the site appears to consist of a landslide scarp ... The reasons for this are clear – the river, which flows towards the south, is eroding the toe of the slope due to the site being on the outside of the bend. In the long term, erosion at the toe will need to be prevented if the site is to be preserved."
461:
387:
grazing at the top of a mountain called Tana
Mandekhang, which in the past was the palace of King Kala Wangpo. He took this as a divine and auspicious guidance and decided to establish the monastery at that location. Seeking the help of the local people, Mera Lama established the monastery at that location in the latter part of 1681.
794:, and is a Monpa celebration. The objective of the festival is to ward off evil spirits and ushering all round prosperity and happiness to the people in the ensuing year. During the three-day festival, dances performed by artists in colorful costumes and masks are held in the courtyard, including the
413:
region. People, who went in search of the horse, found the horse grazing at the present location of the monastery. The people of the area then worshipped the horse and the location where it was found and venerated it every year. Eventually, to honour the sacred site, the Tawang
Monastery was built at
639:
of
Buddhist deities and saints. Curtains are suspended over the balcony and these are painted with Buddhist symbols. Within the precincts of the monastery there are residential buildings to accommodate about 700 monks, which now houses 450 monks. The abbot of the monastery resides in a house located
618:
The main entrance to the monastery, to the south of the open gate, has massive doors fitted on the northern wall. This outer wall is 925 feet (282 m) in length, with heights varying from about 10–20 feet (3.0–6.1 m). Apart from the main gate, the southern side of the monastery has another
533:
As of 2006 the monastery had 400 monks, and the number was reported to be 450 in 2010. Tawang
Manuscript Conservation Centre was established in the monastery in August 2006, which has curated 200 manuscripts, and 31 manuscripts have been treated for preservation. In November 2010, it was reported
766:
Monpas, who belong to the Gelug sect, are the dominant sect of the Kameng region. Many Monpa boys join the monastery and become monks. When young boys join the monastery to train, it is on the condition that it is a lifetime commitment. If a monk wishes to leave the monastery, a heavy penalty is
386:
to establish a
Monastery. After an intense search, when he failed to locate a suitable place, he retired into a cave to offer prayers seeking divine intervention to choose the site. When he came out of the cave, he found his horse missing. He then went in search of the horse and finally found it
344:
valley, which comprises snow-capped mountains and coniferous forest. It is bounded on its southern and western flanks by steep ravines formed by streams, a narrow spur on the north and a gently sloping ground on the east. The monastery is entered from the northern direction along a sloping spur,
684:
of 18 feet (5.5 m) height is deified; it is gilded and decorated, and is in a lotus position. This image is on the northern face of the assembly hall and is installed over a platform and its head extends up to the first floor. Next to the Buddha image there is a silver casket that holds a
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The monastery has a printing press for printing religious books using paper made locally. Wooden blocks are used for printing. The books are used usually by the literate Monpa Lamas who refer to it for conducting religious rituals. The entire second floor houses the library. It contains the
631:
The monastery, built like a large mansion, is triple storied with a large assembly hall, ten other functional structures and with 65 residential quarters for students, Lamas and monks. The monastery has a school and its own water supply facility, and a centre for
Buddhist cultural studies.
530:. 50 years later, in spite of strong protests by China, the Dalai Lama's visit on 8 November 2009 to Tawang Monastery was a monumental event to the people of the region, and the abbot of the monastery greeted him with much fanfare and adulation.
381:
Three legends are narrated to the establishment of the monastery. In the first legend it is said that location of the present
Monastery was selected by a horse which belonged to Merag Lama Lodre Gyatso who was on a mission assigned to him by the
479:) of Rs 5,000, and another, dated 28 May, related to the Shardukpens to abide by any order of the British administration in India in return for an annual fee of Rs 2,526 and seven annas. Tawang officials used to travel almost to the plains of
456:
of Bhutan, who also belonged to the
Nyingmapa sect, who even tried to invade and take control of Tawang. Hence, when the Tawang monastery was built like a fort structure, a strategic location was chosen from the defense point of view.
498:
271:
The monastery is three stories high. It is enclosed by a 925 feet (282 m) long compound wall. Within the complex there are 65 residential buildings. The library of the monastery has valuable old scriptures, mainly
651:
A notable feature on the wall of the front porch on the ground floor is a footprint on a stone slab. It is said that this footprint belonged to a resident of the monastery, who was a water carrier, known as
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entry gate, which also has a massive door. Nearer to the gate, there are two small openings in the wall which provide the complete view of the exterior part of the eastern wall that connects to the
514:. Tibet gave up several hundred square miles of its territory, including the whole of the Tawang region and the monastery, to the British. This disputed territory was the bone of contention for the
802:, the latter of which is performed by the monks of the monastery. Each dance represents a myth and costumes and masks represent animal forms such as cows, tigers, sheep, monkeys and so forth.
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levied. According to a past custom, in a family of three sons, the middle son was conscripted to the monastery and in a family of two sons the youngest son was inducted into the monastery.
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882:
2339:
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The main temple in the monastery, to the west of the entry gate, is known as the
Dukhang ('Du' means "assembly" and 'Khang' means "building"). It was built in 1860–61. A large image of
623:. According to a legend, the 5th Dalai Lama had given a roll of thread to be bound around the walls of the monastery to denote the extent to which the monastery should be built.
603:, while the interior walls have murals of divinities and saints painted on them. A distinctive mural, the ninth mural from the southwest west corner of the southern wall, is of
452:
or the Black Hat sect of Buddhism was dominant and this resulted in their hegemony and even hostile approach towards the founder, Merek Lama. This problem was compounded by the
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The second legend of the derivation of the name Tawang is linked to Terton Pemalingpa, diviner of treasures. At this location, he is stated to have given "initiations" of
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475:. One agreement, signed on 24 February, pertained to surrender by the Monpas of their right to the Karlapara Duar in return for an annual fee (
735:
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The monastery is situated near the top of a mountain, at an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 m), with a commanding view of the
1168:
495:(head of Tsona Monastery) and Government of Lhasa, and this aspect was supported by G.A. Nevill who had visited the monastery in 1924.
46:
166:
1779:
755:
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526:, crossed into India on 31 March 1959, and had reached Tawang and taken shelter in the monastery for a few days before moving to
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1926:
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782:, also known as Tawang-Torgya, is an annual festival that is exclusively held in the monastery. It is held according to the
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The ground floor of the monastery is where ritual dances are performed. The walls of the monastery also have a profusion of
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2402:
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131:
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595:, which is built in the shape of a "hut-like structure", with side walls built of stone masonry. The roof of the
1941:
502:"Gaden Namgyal Lhatse" (Tibetan), consecrated by Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet on 15 October 1997
487:, who visited the monastery in 1874–75, the monastery had a parliamentary form of administration, known as the
398:, which resulted in the name "Tawang". ‘Ta’ is an abbreviated form for "Tamdin" and ‘Wang’ means "initiation".
957:
2047:
1951:
1772:
1344:
1997:
1961:
1946:
1936:
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159:
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2042:
2022:
1956:
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1931:
2007:
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1977:
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1982:
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1602:
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244:, which translates to "the divine paradise of complete victory". It was founded by Merak Lama
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2037:
2017:
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1539:
1455:
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2027:
2012:
2002:
611:, who is considered the guardian deity of the Tawang region. Ahead of the main gate of the
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8:
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2276:
2250:
1992:
1987:
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233:, India. It is the largest monastery in the country. It is situated in the valley of the
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401:
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1213:
791:
540:
472:
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The monastery was founded by Merek Lama Lodre Gyamsto in 1680–81 at the behest of the
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According to the third legend, a white horse of the Prince of Lhasa had wandered into
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545:
261:
230:
82:
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Until 1914, this region of India was under the control of Tibet. However, under the
491:, with the Chief Lamas of the monastery as its members. It was not dependent on the
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2286:
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578:
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1623:
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At the entrance to the monastery there is colourful gate structure, known as the
519:
515:
365:
332:
353:, which is the nearest rail head, is 280 kilometres (170 mi) away by road.
2108:
549:
465:
453:
442:
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354:
349:, named after the monastery, is well connected by road, rail and air services.
249:
1752:
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is "the site chosen by the horse is the divine paradise of complete victory".
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2143:
2118:
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1739:
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is the nearest airport at a road distance of 350 kilometres (220 mi).
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to collect monastic contributions. According to Pandit Nain Singh of the
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265:
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Prior to the dominance of the Gelug sect of Buddhism in Tawang, the
2199:
2148:
1905:
1895:
1885:
1860:
1834:
1709:
Dragon In The Land Of Snows: The History of Modern Tibet since 1947
953:
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600:
544:
reporting "massive landslides around it". Professor Dave Petley of
471:
In 1844, Tawang Monastery had entered into two agreements with the
1910:
1880:
1875:
1844:
1829:
1819:
1520:
China-Tibet-India: The 1962 War and the Strategic Military Future
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1233:"Acute landslide threats to the Tawang Monastery, northern India"
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747:
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277:
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The main Monpa festivals held in the monastery are the Choksar,
1900:
1890:
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The full name of the monastery is Tawang Galdan Namgye Lhatse.
226:
78:
1348:
1309:
582:
The Mandala at the "Kakaling", the entry gate to the monastery
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View of the Tawang Monastery from the Jaswantgarh War Memorial
16:
Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, India
2347:
2128:
1814:
1790:
1071:
847:
771:
480:
460:
253:
63:
1499:
The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths
1390:
1287:"Dalai Lama's Journey Provokes China, and Hints at His Heir"
1129:
640:
near the gate at the southeastern corner of the monastery.
417:
One more legend narrated is about the goddess painted on a
324:
58:
1667:
Cultural fiesta in the "Island of peace" Arunachal Pradesh
237:, in close proximity to the Chinese and Bhutanese border.
1541:
Into the Untravelled Himalaya: Travels, Treks, and Climbs
1141:
300:, meaning "the location selected by horse". Furthermore,
1019:
729:
Religious texts with letters in gold at Tawang Monastery
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1107:
1105:
1103:
1457:
International Encyclopaedia Of Himalayas (5 Vols. Set)
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The Dalai Lama also visited Tawang Monastery in 2017.
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1583:
Mountains of India: Tourism, Adventure and Pilgrimage
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1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1378:
1363:
1100:
1022:. National Informatics Centre, Government of India.
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1000:
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956:. National Informatics Centre, Government of India.
563:. The monastery has administrative control over two
1251:
1083:
1059:
972:
828:
811:
1266:
1193:. National Mission for Manuscripts. Archived from
1165:"Young Buddhist monks lead insular lives in India"
1038:
248:in 1680–1681 in accordance with the wishes of the
995:
897:
705:Sacred texts in the library hall of the monastery
2413:Religious organizations established in the 1680s
2389:
1235:. American Geophysical Union. 28 November 2010.
778:, people visit the monastery and offer prayers.
615:, to its south, is another entry, an open gate.
1600:
1347:. Tawang Monastery organization. Archived from
1322:
856:
790:, which corresponds to 10 to 12 January of the
534:that the monastery was threatened by a risk of
264:of Lhasa, which continued during the period of
1537:
1135:
296:means "chosen", which together forms the word
2333:
1773:
1601:Mibang, Tamo; Chaudhuri, Sarit Kumar (2004).
555:The monastery currently has control over 17
252:, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso. It belongs to the
1663:
1396:
586:
2340:
2326:
1780:
1766:
1684:
1147:
1077:
948:
946:
914:
912:
312:means "divine". Thus, the full meaning of
29:
2398:Buddhist monasteries in Arunachal Pradesh
2350:Buddhist monasteries in Arunachal Pradesh
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
510:, the area came under the control of the
1538:Kapadia, Harish; Kapadia, Geeta (2005).
1454:Bisht, Ramesh Chandra (1 January 2008).
918:
761:
724:
716:
708:
700:
692:
671:
663:
659:
642:
577:
497:
459:
432:
400:
364:
331:
323:
240:Tawang Monastery is known in Tibetan as
138:
110:
1625:The Practice of the Six Yogas of Naropa
1158:
1156:
943:
909:
869:
867:
865:
2390:
1927:Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
1705:
1664:Pathak, Guptajit; Gogoi, Raju (2008).
1328:
1123:
721:Old religious texts are kept at museum
2321:
1761:
1579:
1495:
1453:
1432:
1384:
1372:
1284:
1260:
1020:"Tawang District: The Land of Monpas"
989:
919:Majumdar, Sanjoy (10 November 2009).
841:
822:
345:which has alpine vegetation. Nearby
260:and had a religious association with
1706:Shakya, Tsering (29 February 2012).
1558:
1474:
1411:
1272:
1239:from the original on 3 December 2010
1162:
1153:
1094:
1065:
1053:
1026:from the original on 13 October 2016
1012:
921:"Frontier town venerates Dalai Lama"
885:from the original on 8 November 2021
862:
688:
1642:
1516:
1006:
960:from the original on 5 January 2015
903:
225:is a Buddhist monastery located in
13:
1649:. Author Solutions, Incorporated.
1621:
1297:from the original on 13 April 2017
1217:. 28 November 2010. Archived from
1111:
931:from the original on 6 August 2018
14:
2429:
1727:
1436:Encyclopaedia of North-East India
1209:"Landslides hit Tawang monastery"
626:
1789:
1171:from the original on 25 May 2011
875:"Landslides hit Tawang monaster"
137:
130:
109:
102:
1643:Pal, Susant (5 February 2014).
1405:
1278:
1225:
1201:
1191:"National Conservation Centres"
1183:
668:Image of Buddha in the Dukhang.
377:guardian deity of the monastery
1942:Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
1753:A walk around Tawang Monastery
1481:. Concept Publishing Company.
1415:1962 and the McMahon Line Saga
697:Main entrance to the monastery
647:First View of Tawang Monastery
485:Trignometrical Survey of India
1:
2408:Gelug monasteries and temples
2048:Sipahijola Wildlife Sanctuary
1952:Nagaland Legislative Assembly
1604:Understanding Tribal Religion
1285:Barry, Ellen (6 April 2017).
805:
607:, the protector deity of the
421:in the monastery which is of
308:means "complete victory" and
121:Show map of Arunachal Pradesh
2043:Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
1998:Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
1962:Tripura Legislative Assembly
1947:Mizoram Legislative Assembly
1937:Manipur Legislative Assembly
1478:History of Arunachal Pradesh
1163:Kent, Thomas (15 May 2006).
283:
7:
2302:Relationship with East Asia
2282:Tourism in North East India
2023:Keibul Lamjao National Park
1957:Sikkim Legislative Assembly
1559:Kler, Gurdip Singh (1995).
1323:Mibang & Chaudhuri 2004
857:Mibang & Chaudhuri 2004
573:
319:
314:Tawang Galdan Namgye Lhatse
10:
2434:
2418:Tourism in Northeast India
2063:Neora Valley National Park
1932:Assam Legislative Assembly
1628:. Snow Lion Publications.
1523:. Har-Anand Publications.
1345:"Tawang Monastery (Gonpa)"
1136:Kapadia & Kapadia 2005
676:Close view of Buddha Image
508:Simla Agreement of 1913-14
428:
360:
336:View from Tawang DC Office
2403:Buddhist temples in India
2357:
2269:
2218:
2162:
2076:
1970:
1919:
1853:
1802:
1685:Richardson, Hugh (1984).
1418:. Lancer Publishers LLC.
522:had fled from Tibet, and
212:
202:
197:
158:
96:
88:
74:
69:
57:
45:
40:
28:
23:
2058:Singalila National Park
2008:Balphakram National Park
786:days of 28th to 30th of
587:Entrance and outer walls
524:after an arduous journey
208:65 residential buildings
146:Tawang Monastery (India)
2236:Zang Dhok Palri Phodang
2068:Jaldapara National Park
1978:Kaziranga National Park
1749:at Arunachaltourism.com
1670:. Mittal Publications.
1607:. Mittal Publications.
1502:. Penguin Books India.
1460:. Mittal Publications.
1439:. Mittal Publications.
1412:Arpi, Claude i (1962).
1397:Pathak & Gogoi 2008
2053:Gorumara National Park
1983:Namdapha National Park
1920:Legislative Assemblies
1562:Unsung Battles of 1962
1496:Dalal, Roshen (2010).
1475:Bose, Manilal (1997).
1433:Bareh, Hamlet (2001).
730:
722:
714:
706:
698:
677:
669:
648:
583:
503:
468:
438:
406:
378:
337:
329:
216:Mera Lama Lodre Gyasto
160:Geographic coordinates
2226:Pemayangtse Monastery
2038:Ntangki National Park
2028:Sirohi National Park
2018:Mouling National Park
1688:Tibet and Its History
1565:. Lancer Publishers.
762:Customs and festivals
728:
720:
713:From Monastery Museum
712:
704:
696:
675:
667:
660:Main temple (Dukhang)
646:
581:
501:
463:
436:
404:
368:
335:
327:
182:27.58639°N 91.85750°E
118:Location within India
2362:Rigyalling Monastery
2033:Murlen National Park
2013:Nokrek National Park
2003:Nameri National Park
1745:27 June 2020 at the
1586:. Indus Publishing.
1580:Kohli, M.S. (2002).
1544:. Indus Publishing.
1517:Das, Gautam (2009).
881:. 28 November 2010.
561:West Kameng district
516:1962 India China war
328:View in the distance
242:Gaden Namgyal Lhatse
2377:Urgelling Monastery
2277:Seven Sister States
2251:Tashiding Monastery
1993:Manas National Park
1988:Orang National Park
1351:on 24 November 2009
1221:on 4 November 2012.
178: /
2367:Taktsang Monastery
2292:Tourism in Mizoram
1291:The New York Times
1214:The Times of India
1080:, p. 149-150.
879:The Times of India
792:Gregorian calendar
731:
723:
715:
707:
699:
678:
670:
649:
584:
541:The Times of India
504:
473:East India Company
469:
439:
407:
379:
338:
330:
304:means "paradise",
292:means "horse" and
258:Vajrayana Buddhism
187:27.58639; 91.85750
2385:
2384:
2315:
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2170:Khecheopalri Lake
1810:Arunachal Pradesh
1736:multilingual site
1719:978-1-4481-1429-0
1698:978-0-87773-376-8
1677:978-81-8324-231-8
1656:978-1-4828-1259-6
1635:978-1-55939-905-0
1622:Mullin, Glenn H.
1614:978-81-7099-945-4
1593:978-81-7387-135-1
1572:978-1-897829-09-7
1551:978-81-7387-181-8
1530:978-81-241-1466-7
1509:978-0-14-341517-6
1488:978-81-7022-666-6
1467:978-81-8324-265-3
1446:978-81-7099-788-7
1425:978-1-935501-57-2
1114:, p. 159-60.
784:Buddhist calendar
689:Library and texts
546:Durham University
262:Drepung Monastery
231:Arunachal Pradesh
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149:Show map of India
83:Arunachal Pradesh
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1712:. Random House.
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2094:Patkai Hills
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1406:Bibliography
1392:
1380:
1353:. Retrieved
1349:the original
1299:. Retrieved
1290:
1280:
1268:
1241:. Retrieved
1227:
1219:the original
1212:
1203:
1195:the original
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1143:
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1119:
1073:
1061:
1028:. Retrieved
1014:
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933:. Retrieved
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887:. Retrieved
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266:British rule
246:Lodre Gyatso
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198:Architecture
18:
2219:Monasteries
2210:Bijoy sagar
2185:Loktak Lake
2134:Kirat Chuli
2099:Khasi Hills
1355:7 September
1175:7 September
1124:Shakya 2012
1030:7 September
935:10 November
512:British Raj
347:Tawang Town
185: /
47:Affiliation
2392:Categories
2114:Garo Hills
2089:Naga Hills
1385:Bisht 2008
1373:Bisht 2008
1243:1 December
990:Kohli 2002
842:Dalal 2010
823:Bareh 2001
806:References
605:Ningmecahn
414:the site.
351:Bhalukpong
342:Tawang Chu
256:school of
235:Tawang Chu
173:91°51′27″E
170:27°35′11″N
2195:Dipor Bil
2154:Siniolchu
2077:Mountains
1825:Meghalaya
1273:Kler 1995
1261:Bareh2001
1095:Bose 1997
1066:Arpi 1962
1054:Kler 1995
954:"History"
736:Gyetengpa
599:features
536:landslide
450:Nyingmapa
405:Courtyard
284:Etymology
2200:Son Beel
2149:Pauhunri
1906:Shillong
1896:Itanagar
1886:Guwahati
1861:Agartala
1835:Nagaland
1743:Archived
1301:13 April
1295:Archived
1237:Archived
1169:Archived
1024:Archived
1007:Pal 2014
964:23 March
958:Archived
929:Archived
925:BBC News
904:Das 2009
889:23 March
883:Archived
798:and the
796:Pha Chan
654:Chitenpa
637:thangkas
621:Kakaling
613:Kakaling
601:mandalas
597:Kakaling
593:Kakaling
574:Features
320:Location
75:Location
70:Location
41:Religion
1911:Silchar
1881:Gangtok
1876:Dimapur
1845:Tripura
1830:Mizoram
1820:Manipur
756:Zungdui
752:Tengyur
748:Kangyur
740:Doduipa
548:in the
538:, with
493:Dzonpan
454:Drukpas
429:History
419:thangka
371:thangka
361:Legends
306:Namgyal
278:Tengyur
274:Kangyur
213:Founder
89:Country
2270:Others
1901:Kohima
1891:Imphal
1871:Dispur
1866:Aizawl
1854:Cities
1840:Sikkim
1803:States
1740:Tawang
1716:
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1632:
1611:
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1569:
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1112:Mullin
780:Torgya
744:Mamtha
682:Buddha
565:dzongs
557:gompas
528:Tezpur
396:Kagyad
392:Tamdin
310:Lhatse
298:Tawang
227:Tawang
79:Tawang
2163:Lakes
2129:Kabru
1815:Assam
772:Losar
481:Assam
411:Monpa
302:Gadan
254:Gelug
204:Style
92:India
64:Gelug
1714:ISBN
1693:ISBN
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