262:. Taspar's death marked the beginning of a long decline and subjugation of the GöktĂŒrks to China. During his reign there was a flood of Sogdian Manichean refugees from Persia and Buddhist refugees from Qi and Zhou, both the result of pogroms. These Sogdians devised the GöktĂŒrk Runes to write the Turkic language, for translations of the sutras to Turkic, notably the Nirvana Sutra in 575.
223:, nevertheless sent Princess Qianjin to Tujue to marry Tuobo Khan. After the marriage, Yang then sent the official Heruo Yi (èłè„èȘŒ) to Tujue to bribe khagan to give up Gao Shaoyi. Khagan agreed, and as a ruse, he invited Gao Shaoyi to a hunt, but instead had Heruo Yi capture Gao Shaoyi. In fall 580, Gao Shaoyi was delivered to Northern Zhou's capital
201:
asylum. He transferred the former
Northern Qi subjects, whether they fled to or were captured to Tujue, to be under Gao Shaoyi's command. However, he still maintained good relationship with Zhou, sending another horse as gift in 574.
205:
Around the new year 578, Gao
Baoning, sent a petition to Gao Shaoyi, requesting that he take imperial title. Gao Shaoyi therefore declared himself emperor, with military assistance from Tujue.
212:
created the daughter of his uncle Yuwen Zhao (ćźææ) the
Princess Qianjin, offering to give her to Taspar in marriage if khagan would be willing to surrender Gao Shaoyi. Khagan refused.
376:
296:
as the next khagan. Talopien's faction did not recognize Amrak. This crisis ultimately resulted in the civil war of 581-603, which greatly weakened the state.
288:. His bequest ran contrary to the traditional system of inheritance which demanded the throne to be passed to the son of the eldest brother, in this case
566:
1338:
850:
843:
567:"On the Genealogical Line of TĂŒrks' Ashina Simo: The Royal Genealogy of the First TĂŒrkic QaÎłanate and the Ordos Region during the Tang Period"
1164:
1498:
190:
His reign saw further rise of Turkic power even to the point calling both Zhou and Qi emperors as his sons. He appointed his nephews
1343:
1355:
1333:
656:
1483:
549:
362:
522:
441:
27:
1273:
512:
487:
1488:
1478:
1348:
1301:
220:
209:
292:. The council rejected the legality of Taspar's will stating his mother's non-Turkic origin. Thus appointed
649:
1503:
1253:
933:
1082:
400:
197:
He switched his alliance from Zhou to Qi. Sent a horse as gift in 572 and granted defeated Qi prince
1447:
868:
772:
431:
1311:
996:
357:, Ethnographics Press, Center for Visual Anthropology, University of Southern California, 1991,
1328:
1316:
1306:
673:
642:
271:
31:
616:
1323:
1296:
1263:
1248:
539:
377:"A Sketch of the Earliest Mongolic Languages: the Brahmi Bugut and Khuis Tolgoi Inscriptions"
482:. AtatĂŒrk KĂŒltĂŒr, Dil, ve Tarih YĂŒksek Kurumu (Turkey). Ankara: TĂŒrk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
411:
208:
Taspar attacked Zhou repeatedly until spring 579, when he sought peace with
Northern Zhou.
8:
1493:
1238:
1228:
1036:
1258:
898:
815:
216:
1268:
1233:
1171:
1041:
545:
518:
493:
483:
437:
358:
342:
86:
1360:
1021:
908:
903:
829:
277:
247:
135:
1026:
422:
1180:
1125:
1089:
1011:
1006:
151:
341:(1972) "The Sogdian Inscription of Bugut", Tomus XXVI (1), p. 74 of pp. 69â 102
1159:
1154:
1054:
888:
857:
836:
738:
715:
289:
191:
1472:
1381:
1243:
1149:
1100:
1031:
926:
918:
822:
792:
665:
179:
497:
276:
Taspar's death created a dynastic crisis in the khaganate. His
Chinese wife
1452:
1120:
985:
978:
971:
913:
797:
754:
725:
720:
700:
695:
690:
609:
598:
457:
285:
171:
113:
103:
49:
964:
1186:
1135:
1130:
1105:
1016:
951:
946:
883:
802:
782:
684:
427:
316:
255:
224:
430:; Hans Robert Roemer; György Hazai; Wolfgang-Ekkehard Scharlipp (2000).
1278:
1046:
957:
941:
807:
787:
745:
281:
235:
198:
167:
159:
1068:
1061:
423:
731:
541:
Agricultural and
Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History
1396:
1223:
1203:
1075:
251:
194:
as Erzhu khagan to east and BörĂŒ khagan to west as lesser khagans.
123:
1431:
1421:
355:
Rulers from the steppe: state formation on the
Eurasian periphery
228:
98:
280:
survived him, but Taspar bequeathed the throne of the Empire to
1457:
1416:
1391:
1376:
1213:
893:
761:
259:
175:
163:
234:
Taspar died in 581 from illness, leaving throne to his nephew
1426:
1406:
1401:
1386:
1218:
1208:
878:
710:
626:
308:
293:
91:
59:
634:
1411:
433:
History of the Turkic
Peoples in the Pre-Islamic Period
246:Unlike his father and older brothers he embraced
1470:
339:Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
650:
537:
477:
657:
643:
517:. Oxford University Press US. p. 48.
337:KljaĆĄtornyj, S.G. and LivĆĄic, V.A. (1972)
162:: đ±đ±đ°Żđ°șđ°Žđ°đ°Ł Tatpar qaÎłan, äœçŒœćŻæ±/äœé”ćŻæ±,
544:. Temple University Press. pp. 85â.
531:
510:
174:and Wei Changle (é·æšć
Źäž»), and the fourth
170:: t'o-po k'o-han) was the third son of
1471:
504:
401:Ethno Cultural Dictionary, TĂRIK BITIG
254:. He was converted to Buddhism by the
638:
473:
471:
469:
467:
219:, the regent for Emperor Xuan's son
215:In 580, after Emperor Xuan's death,
16:Qaghan of the First Turkic Khaganate
558:
416:
13:
564:
14:
1515:
1499:Ashina house of the Turkic Empire
464:
374:
258:monk Huilin, for whom he built a
1274:Altyn Tamgan Tarhan inscription
284:, the son of his elder brother
617:Khagan of the Turkic Khaganate
450:
405:
394:
368:
347:
331:
227:, and he was exiled to modern
1:
1297:Battle of Gol-Zarriun/Bukhara
538:Michael Adas (January 2001).
478:Ahmet., TaĆaÄil (1995â2004).
324:
265:
221:Emperor Jing of Northern Zhou
210:Emperor Xuan of Northern Zhou
1484:6th-century monarchs in Asia
664:
353:Gary Seaman, Daniel Marksm,
304:He had at least two issues:
7:
1344:Tang Western Turk campaigns
511:Findley, Carter V. (2005).
10:
1520:
1334:Tang Eastern Turk campaign
1254:Turks in the Tang military
934:Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan
514:The Turks in World History
269:
1440:
1369:
1287:
1196:
1099:
995:
867:
771:
672:
623:
614:
606:
592:
299:
241:
119:
109:
97:
85:
77:
69:
65:
55:
45:
37:
26:
21:
869:Western Turkic Khaganate
773:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
436:. Schwarz. p. 108.
185:
997:Second Turkic Khaganate
81:Princess Qianjin (性äčć
Źäž»)
674:First Turkic Khaganate
32:First Turkic Khaganate
1264:Tonyukuk inscriptions
1249:Shoroon Bumbagar tomb
412:ćžć€çčæćșçČçčæçȘć„ćŻæ±çșȘćçąè_çŸćșŠæćș
1489:Converts to Buddhism
1302:GöktĂŒrkâPersian wars
1142:Mengchi Protectorate
1113:Kunling Protectorate
1448:GöktĂŒrk family tree
1239:Orkhon inscriptions
1229:Old Turkic language
1037:Kutluk Yabgu Khagan
1083:QutluÄ SĂ€bĂ€g Qatun
899:Tong Yabghu Qaghan
816:Ashina Jiesheshuai
375:Vovin, Alexander.
1504:Buddhist monarchs
1466:
1465:
1329:GöktĂŒrk civil war
1324:GoguryeoâTang War
1269:Ongin inscription
1234:Old Turkic script
1172:Anxi Protectorate
633:
632:
624:Succeeded by
565:Suzuki, Kosetsu.
551:978-1-56639-832-9
363:978-1-878986-01-6
272:GöktĂŒrk civil war
129:
128:
1511:
1361:Battle of Bolchu
1356:Li-Sun rebellion
909:Sy Yabghu Khagan
659:
652:
645:
636:
635:
607:Preceded by
590:
589:
584:
583:
581:
580:
571:
562:
556:
555:
535:
529:
528:
508:
502:
501:
475:
462:
454:
448:
447:
420:
414:
409:
403:
398:
392:
391:
389:
387:
372:
366:
351:
345:
335:
180:Turkic Khaganate
19:
18:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1479:GöktĂŒrk khagans
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1436:
1365:
1289:
1283:
1197:GöktĂŒrk culture
1192:
1181:Tokhara Yabghus
1126:Ashina Yuanqing
1103:
1095:
1090:El Bilga Khatun
1012:Qapaghan Qaghan
1007:Ilterish Qaghan
999:
991:
871:
863:
775:
767:
676:
668:
663:
629:
620:
612:
602:
595:
588:
587:
578:
576:
574:The Toyo Gakuho
569:
563:
559:
552:
536:
532:
525:
509:
505:
490:
476:
465:
455:
451:
444:
421:
417:
410:
406:
399:
395:
385:
383:
373:
369:
352:
348:
336:
332:
327:
302:
274:
268:
248:Chinese culture
244:
188:
166:: tuĂłbĆ KĂšhĂĄn,
17:
12:
11:
5:
1517:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1160:Ashina Huaidao
1157:
1155:Ashina Huseluo
1152:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1055:Ashina Duoxifu
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1003:
1001:
993:
992:
990:
989:
982:
975:
968:
961:
954:
949:
944:
938:
937:
930:
922:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
889:Heshana Qaghan
886:
881:
875:
873:
865:
864:
862:
861:
858:Ashina Shibobi
854:
847:
840:
837:Ashina Nishufu
833:
826:
819:
811:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
777:
769:
768:
766:
765:
758:
750:
749:
742:
739:Empress Ashina
735:
728:
723:
718:
716:Ishbara Qaghan
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
680:
678:
670:
669:
662:
661:
654:
647:
639:
631:
630:
625:
622:
613:
608:
604:
603:
596:
594:Taspar Qaghan
593:
586:
585:
557:
550:
530:
523:
503:
488:
463:
449:
442:
415:
404:
393:
367:
346:
329:
328:
326:
323:
322:
321:
320:
319:
311:
301:
298:
290:Ishbara Qaghan
270:Main article:
267:
264:
243:
240:
187:
184:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
95:
94:
89:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
47:
43:
42:
39:
35:
34:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1516:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1244:Orkhon Valley
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1150:Ashina Buzhen
1148:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1102:
1101:Western Turks
1098:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1032:Tengri Qaghan
1030:
1028:
1027:Yollıg Khagan
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
987:
983:
980:
976:
973:
969:
966:
962:
959:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
935:
931:
928:
927:El Kulug Shad
924:
923:
920:
919:Ishbara Tolis
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
876:
874:
870:
866:
859:
855:
852:
851:Ashide Fengji
848:
845:
841:
838:
834:
831:
830:Ashina She'er
827:
824:
823:Ashina Funian
820:
817:
813:
812:
809:
806:
804:
803:Qilibi Qaghan
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
778:
774:
770:
763:
759:
756:
752:
751:
747:
743:
740:
736:
733:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
706:Taspar Qaghan
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
686:
682:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
660:
655:
653:
648:
646:
641:
640:
637:
628:
619:
618:
611:
605:
601:
600:
591:
575:
568:
561:
553:
547:
543:
542:
534:
526:
524:0-19-517726-6
520:
516:
515:
507:
499:
495:
491:
485:
481:
474:
472:
470:
468:
461:
459:
453:
445:
443:9783879972838
439:
435:
434:
429:
425:
419:
413:
408:
402:
397:
382:
378:
371:
365:, p. 97, 100.
364:
360:
356:
350:
344:
340:
334:
330:
318:
317:Qilibi Khagan
315:
314:
313:Tughrul shad
312:
310:
307:
306:
305:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
273:
263:
261:
257:
253:
250:, especially
249:
239:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
211:
206:
203:
200:
195:
193:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
144:Tatpar Qaghan
141:
140:tâaspâr ÎłâÎłân
137:
133:
132:Taspar Qaghan
125:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
100:
96:
93:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
51:
48:
44:
40:
36:
33:
29:
25:
22:Taspar Qaghan
20:
1453:Ashina tribe
1288:GöktĂŒrk wars
1121:Ashina Mishe
1042:ĂzmiĆ Khagan
986:Ashina Tuizi
979:Tardush Shad
972:Ashina Duzhi
914:Duolu Qaghan
844:Ashide Wenfu
808:Chebi Qaghan
798:Illig Qaghan
793:Chulo Qaghan
788:Shibi Qaghan
755:Yangsu Tegin
726:Tulan Qaghan
721:Bagha Qaghan
711:Ashina Anluo
705:
701:Muqan Qaghan
696:Issik Qaghan
691:Bumin Qaghan
615:
610:Muqan Qaghan
597:
577:. Retrieved
573:
560:
540:
533:
513:
506:
479:
458:Book of Zhou
456:
452:
432:
418:
407:
396:
384:. Retrieved
381:Academia.edu
380:
370:
354:
349:
338:
333:
309:Amrak Khagan
303:
286:Muqan Qaghan
275:
245:
233:
214:
207:
204:
196:
192:Ashina Shetu
189:
172:Bumin Qaghan
156:Tadpar qaÉŁan
155:
148:tâtpâr xâÎłân
147:
143:
139:
131:
130:
114:Bumin Qaghan
50:Muqan Qaghan
1290:and battles
1259:ĂlĂŒĆ system
1187:Turk Shahis
1136:Ashina Zhen
1131:Ashina Xian
1106:Jimi system
1022:BilgÀ Qaǧan
1017:Inel Qaghan
947:Irbis Seguy
904:KĂŒlĂŒg Sibir
884:Niri Qaghan
783:Yami Qaghan
685:Ashina Tuwu
599:Ashina Clan
480:Gök-TĂŒrkler
460:, Volume 50
428:Louis Bazin
343:open access
182:(572â581).
46:Predecessor
1494:581 deaths
1473:Categories
1279:Qara bodun
1165:Ashina Xin
1047:Ashina Shi
958:Bagha Shad
942:Yukuk Shad
746:Apa Qaghan
579:2018-07-28
489:975161113X
325:References
266:Succession
199:Gao Shaoyi
168:Wade-Giles
160:Old Turkic
146:(Sogdian:
1339:Xueyantuo
1189:(665â870)
1183:(625-758)
1069:Kul Tigin
1062:Kulun Beg
1000:(682â744)
965:Böri Shad
872:(581â657)
776:(581â630)
677:(552â581)
424:Jean Deny
217:Yang Jian
56:Successor
41:572 â 581
1349:Conquest
1224:Kurultai
1204:Tengrism
1076:Tonyukuk
666:GöktĂŒrks
621:572â581
498:33892575
282:Talopien
252:Buddhism
236:Talopien
225:Chang'an
124:Buddhism
120:Religion
1432:Elteber
1422:Tarkhan
278:Qianjin
229:Sichuan
178:of the
136:Sogdian
30:of the
1458:Ashide
1441:Family
1417:Khatun
1392:Yabghu
1377:Khagan
1370:Titles
1312:Second
1214:Otuken
1104:under
952:Hallig
894:Sheguy
762:Tamgan
732:IstÀmi
548:
521:
496:
486:
440:
386:6 July
361:
300:Family
260:pagoda
242:Legacy
176:khagan
164:Pinyin
152:Rouran
110:Father
104:Ashina
78:Spouse
28:Qaghan
1427:Ishad
1407:Tudun
1402:Boyla
1397:Bagha
1387:Tegin
1317:Third
1307:First
1219:Suyab
1209:Asena
879:Tardu
627:Amrak
570:(PDF)
294:Amrak
186:Reign
142:) or
99:House
92:Amrak
87:Issue
60:Amrak
38:Reign
1382:Shad
546:ISBN
519:ISBN
494:OCLC
484:ISBN
438:ISBN
388:2019
359:ISBN
70:Died
1412:Beg
73:581
1475::
572:.
492:.
466:^
426:;
379:.
256:Qi
238:.
231:.
158:;
154::
150:,
138::
1092:)
1088:(
1085:)
1081:(
1078:)
1074:(
1071:)
1067:(
1064:)
1060:(
1057:)
1053:(
988:)
984:(
981:)
977:(
974:)
970:(
967:)
963:(
960:)
956:(
936:)
932:(
929:)
925:(
860:)
856:(
853:)
849:(
846:)
842:(
839:)
835:(
832:)
828:(
825:)
821:(
818:)
814:(
764:)
760:(
757:)
753:(
748:)
744:(
741:)
737:(
734:)
730:(
687:)
683:(
658:e
651:t
644:v
582:.
554:.
527:.
500:.
446:.
390:.
134:(
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