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While these were written to encourage
Koreans to practice inner alchemy for the sake of immortality (i.e., deliverance from the corpse), they also re-envision and broaden the meaning of Korean religious history by reiterating nativist and folk traditions about the role of Korean mountain recluses and
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may be viewed as a Taoist parable. The exact origin, despite various theories by historians, is in question because the royal records maintained by the early Korean kingdoms were destroyed during the two occasions in which the royal libraries were burned by invading
Chinese armies. Later attempts to
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In the 16th to 18th centuries, Taoism flourished, as literati, monks, private scholars (sarim), and even women, studied and practiced Taoist meditation and inner alchemy (naedan/Danhak) and produced hagiographic and anecdotal accounts of their Taoist contemporaries and forebears. The most important
1585:
Taoism's effects have been limited because of a lack of an institutional or political base, rejected by
Confucian and Buddhist elites. Some modern scholars, however, are calling for a more critical reading of Confucianized histories, study of alternative sources, and a broader definition of Taoism,
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can be described as Neo-Confucianism, although not popular among the common people. At least at the start of the dynasty, Taoist literature was quite popular among groups of the intelligentsia. These writings on Taoism were predominantly from a
Confucian perspective. However, there was a growing
1870:
Starting
December 2013 and ending in March 2014, the National Museum of Korea held an exhibit dubbed, "Taoist Culture in Korea: The Road to Happiness." The exhibit featured hundreds of pieces of Taoist art and other artifacts from earlier dynasties and kingdoms. One of the few notable artifacts
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Taoism has been absorbed into the traditional Korean vision of the world, a world view in which shamanistic, Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist elements are so intimately intertwined that often only a scholar can distinguish which is which.
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Since the late Joseon dynasty, Taoism has been marginalized not only by the Korean Royal Court, Confucians, and
Buddhists but also by society as a whole. Due to such a history, only a handful of Taoists exist throughout Korea today.
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Very little writing on Taoism survived prior to the 20th century. Until recently, Taoism in Korea received little attention from scholars, usually only described as a "romantic influence" or "literary theme" within other contexts.
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and
Confucian institutions, temples, and ceremonies. The Taoist practice in Korea developed, somewhat in contrast to China, as an esoteric meditative practice in the mountains taught by the "mountain masters" or "mountain sages".
1627:. Buddhist temples were eventually transformed to Taoist temples. However, this first enthusiasm lasted for only 30 years. Taoist symbols are found in Goguryeo tomb murals near
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in 738 from the Tang emperor, left the most substantial legacy of Taoism. Silla scholars went to China to study Taoism, and Lao-tzu was tested in civil service examinations.
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1844:(bliss) decorate many everyday articles, from spoons to pillow cases, even today. Many place names, especially related to mountains, bear strong Taoist influence.
1738:(r. 1105–1122). The object of worship in these rituals included most of the major and minor deities of the Taoist pantheon, but certain deities such as
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Silla Taoism concentrated on the practice and training of one's mind or self-discipline. Its most distinctive mark can be found in the
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present at the exhibition was the Baekje Gilt-Bronze
Incense Burner, which is known for its heavy influence from Buddhism and Taoism.
1518:. Despite its diminished influence during those periods, it permeated all strata of the Korean populace, integrating with its native
1836:. Even if the term "Taoism" is not used, the terms, techniques, and goals are clearly Taoist. The Taoist mark of Chinese characters
1672:. The Tao most often coexisted with another Tao that was non-sapient and represented the laws of nature and "polytheistic belief in
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of these accounts known to date are four anecdotal biographies of immortals (Sason chon) in the collected writings of
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One of Korea's well-known founding myths in which a tiger and a bear seek to become human during an encounter with
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study the history and philosophy of Korean Taoism were suppressed during the Joseon kingdom which embraced only
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1790:(1569–1618), the Ch'onghakjip (Collected Discourses of Master Blue Crane) by Cho Yojok (early 17th century).
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2037:; Vallely, Anne; Woo, Terry Tak-ling; Nelson, John K. (2010). Oxtoby, Willard Gurdon; Amore, Roy C. (eds.).
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Korean Taoism and Korean folk religion from this point onwards had some religious groups believing in the
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as much as
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dynasty, Buddhism dominated Korea, subsuming other religions and philosophies, including Taoism.
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Some Taoist beliefs spread from
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against Taoism, and Taoism began to be perceived as "heretical". However, Taoists were not as
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and other native Korean religious practices taken from antiquity to current times.
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earthbound immortals in the maintenance and protection of Korean society.
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folk beliefs and practices, but it was also influenced by Korean Taoism.
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Session 73: Taoism: The Forgotten Strand in Korea's Religious Heritage
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Broadly speaking, Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism infused native
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Exhibition on Taoist Culture in Korea: the road to happiness
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Way of the Celestial Masters#The Southern Celestial Masters
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kingdom as the national religion and the dominance of
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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2041:(3rd ed.). Donn Mills, Ontario:
2011:. Association for Asian Studies, Inc.
2129:University of Michigan Museum of Art
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2018:
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2039:World Religions: Eastern Traditions
1942:World Religions: Eastern Traditions
1555:from the earliest centuries of the
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1761:The state religion under the
1734:China, especially under King
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1307:Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
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503:100 Cultural Symbols of Korea
1876:Way of the Celestial Masters
1699:, having received Lao-tzu's
1302:Way of the Celestial Masters
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2125:Collection: "Daoism/Taoism"
2005:Jahyun Kim Haboush (1995).
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16:Overview of Taoism in Korea
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2043:Oxford University Press
1947:Oxford University Press
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970:Four heavenly ministers
2110:Native Faiths in Korea
1977:: CS1 maint: others (
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1949:. 2002. p. 398.
1676:and nature deities".
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498:World Heritage Sites
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1384:Taoist temple
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1087:Zhang Daoling
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749:Five Precepts
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640:(five phases)
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
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2007:
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1732:Song dynasty
1725:
1713:
1701:Tao Te Ching
1695:
1683:
1667:monotheistic
1656:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1609:Tang dynasty
1598:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1569:Confucianism
1546:
1537:Confucianism
1529:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1478:
1379:Mount Kunlun
1223:
1183:Zhang Boduan
1165:Tao Hongjing
1077:Heshang Gong
975:Jade Emperor
920:
913:
906:
899:
894:Sanhuangjing
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
852:Tao Te Ching
850:
843:
818:
800:
789:
782:
773:
766:
754:Ten Precepts
724:
720:
710:
698:
681:
673:
666:
663:(non-action)
658:
650:
643:
635:
624:Yin and yang
616:
609:
602:
441:
409:
400:Martial arts
385:
378:
206:Architecture
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2096:Maewoldang
1880:shamanistic
1861:North Korea
1834:Kouk Sun Do
1802:invocations
1633:P'yongan-do
1571:during the
1522:as well as
1514:during the
1506:during the
1322:Zhengyi Dao
1286:Dragon Gate
1155:Kou Qianzhi
1150:Bao Jingyan
1064:Zhuang Zhou
873:Taipingjing
472:South Korea
460:North Korea
419:Video games
304:Traditional
2155:Categories
2098:Kim Si-sŭp
1918:References
1776:persecuted
1768:Yi dynasty
1557:Common Era
1543:Background
1394:Louguantai
1337:Yao Taoism
1160:Lu Xiujing
1140:Wei Huacun
1135:Sun Hanhua
1082:Wei Boyang
826:Priesthood
759:Meditation
678:(immortal)
655:(reversal)
289:Television
250:Literature
99:March 2017
69:newspapers
2127:from the
1973:cite book
1857:Chondoism
1794:Commoners
1709:animistic
1619:, to the
1553:Shamanism
1479:Taegeukgi
1246:Huang–Lao
1198:Qiu Chuji
1188:Sun Bu'er
1178:Chen Tuan
1130:Guo Xiang
1097:Zhang Jue
1069:Lie Yukou
901:Huahujing
866:Huainanzi
738:Practices
689:True form
443:Mugunghwa
405:Taekwondo
359:Mythology
1965:46661540
1886:See also
1788:Heo Gyun
1772:factions
1621:Goguryeo
1617:Zhuangzi
1595:Goguryeo
1549:Totemism
1524:Buddhist
1504:Buddhism
1294:Wuliupai
1216:Zhu Quan
1102:Zhang Lu
936:Theology
880:Xiang'er
859:Zhuangzi
763:Alchemy
587:Concepts
546:a series
544:Part of
374:Clothing
369:Holidays
364:Folklore
221:Painting
190:Religion
180:Language
173:Diaspora
135:a series
133:Part of
2090:Hwadam
1912:Tonghak
1849:Taegeuk
1830:Tonghak
1798:liturgy
1716:Hwarang
1532:Hwanung
1520:animism
1487:Taegeuk
1256:Xuanxue
1239:Schools
1225:Fangshi
1145:Ge Hong
1117:Wang Bi
1107:Ge Xuan
1039:Li Hong
1034:Guan Yu
1017:Chang'e
922:Daozang
915:Baopuzi
845:I Ching
683:Zhenren
645:Bianhua
577:History
572:Outline
483:Taegeuk
467:Aegukga
455:Aegukka
436:Arirang
427:Symbols
411:Ssireum
352:Banchan
342:Cuisine
326:Theater
294:K-drama
277:Webtoon
216:Pottery
163:History
153:Society
83:scholar
2085:Silhak
2049:
1963:
1953:
1892:Taoism
1855:, and
1757:Joseon
1751:Goryeo
1744:T'aeil
1740:Samgye
1736:Yejong
1722:Goryeo
1686:Baekje
1680:Baekje
1663:divine
1629:Kangso
1565:Goryeo
1508:Goryeo
1495:Taoism
1481:, the
1112:He Yan
1092:Gan Ji
1052:People
784:Bugang
775:Waidan
768:Neidan
660:Wu wei
637:Wuxing
554:Taoism
395:Sports
380:Hanbok
347:Kimchi
300:Music
272:Manhwa
265:Poetry
168:People
137:on the
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1697:Silla
1692:Silla
1613:Laozi
1605:China
1601:Gaozu
1561:Silla
1059:Laozi
990:Houtu
887:Liezi
838:Texts
668:Ziran
631:Bagua
618:Taiji
478:Flags
334:Other
319:K-pop
314:South
309:North
284:Media
260:South
255:North
243:South
238:North
228:Dance
90:JSTOR
76:books
2047:ISBN
1979:link
1961:OCLC
1951:ISBN
1832:and
1742:and
1655:and
1653:Tian
1648:Tian
1645:(or
1615:and
1563:and
1551:and
1498:or "
820:Fulu
802:Bigu
797:Diet
723:and
712:Shen
700:Jing
675:Xian
611:Wuji
233:Film
62:news
1842:bok
1684:In
1670:god
1651:or
1643:Tao
1607:'s
814:Art
791:Chu
721:Hun
652:Fan
598:Tao
387:Tal
211:Art
45:by
2157::
2033:;
2029:;
2017:^
1987:^
1975:}}
1971:{{
1959:.
1926:^
1867:.
1838:su
1828:,
1658:Di
1635:.
1631:,
1575:.
1500:Do
725:po
706:Qi
604:De
548:on
469:"
457:"
2055:.
1981:)
1967:.
1463:e
1456:t
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1288:)
805:)
799:(
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516:v
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112:)
106:(
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97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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