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Cinema of North Korea

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29: 202:, found little evidence for actual films or titles. He notes that the country offered only one domestic feature and one documentary at their most high-profile film festival, and suggests that the high number of reported films includes short films, cartoons, and short installments of long-running series. He also cites a 1998 North Korean pamphlet containing a list of films which had been made in the country up to 1998. This gives a total of 259 titles, and indicates that the 1980s were the most prolific decade with about 15 to 20 films made yearly. 19: 1798: 1700: 3785: 560: 1665: 1763: 4184: 2428: 4194: 3771: 574: 322:
art into the cinema, claiming that it is cinema's duty to help develop the people into "true communists", and as a means "to completely eradicate capitalist elements". The ideology-heavy nature of North Korean cinema during the 1970s can be seen in titles such as
154:: "Cinema is the most important of all arts." Accordingly, since the country's division, North Korean films have often been used as vehicles for instilling government ideology into the people. A common theme is martyrdom/sacrifice for the nation. The film 342:
Part of this ideological usage of the arts was a treating of the same subjects repeatedly through various art forms. Consequently, the most prominent films of the era took their stories and titles from pre-existing novels, ballets or operas. The film
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reported that the country produced about 80 films annually, and a BBC report in 2001 indicated that North Korea was then producing about 60 films a year. In spite of these claims, Johannes Schönherr, an attendee of the 2000
253:, filmmakers in the North and the South sought to produce the first Korean film after the liberation in their respective half of the peninsula. The first North Korean film was a documentary released in July 1946 called 542:(2005), is a co-production of South and North Korea. This film is said to be the first released simultaneously in both countries. Another recent North/South co-production is the 3-D animated television series 4149: 331: 458:
produced for domestic consumption is reportedly less politically dogmatic during this period, resulting in a large adult audience. At least one international co-production has been filmed in North Korea,
357:(1972, 130 min.) later was remade as a dance. This film won a special prize and special medal at the 18th International Film Festival, and is one of the more well-known North Korean films of the 1970s. 108:, children's films and science films. According to a report from 1992, the Korean Feature Film Studio produced about forty films per year, while the other studios together accounted for another forty. 325: 4159: 392:
With 14 listings, the 1980s is the best-represented decade for North Korea at IMDB. A possible turning to less didactic subjects is indicated with a 1986 production of the popular stories like
104:(founded in 1953 and also known as the April 26 Children's Film Production House, and Science Educational Korea, or SEK.) These studios produce feature films, documentaries, 4154: 4113: 4123: 312:
art in 1966, saying, "Our art should develop in a revolutionary way, reflecting the Socialist content with the national form". In a 1973 treatise on film entitled
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supervising the production of this film. This is a two-part, black and white film. The first part is 125 minutes in duration, and the second is 126 minutes.
4108: 365:, a 20-part spy film about the Korean War, was released between 1978 and 1981; it achieved notice outside of North Korea two decades later mainly because 536:
The 2000s appeared to be reasonably productive for North Korean cinema, having five listings so far. In a sign of thawing relations, the animated film,
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magazine reported that an average of 20 films per year were made from the 1960s to the early 1990s. However, in the economic hard times following the
4169: 1887: 1259: 544: 158:, based on a novel written by Kim Il-sung during the fight against the Japanese occupation reflects this theme, as does the highly regarded film, 444: 394: 2696: 1912: 524:) is a 62-part series of movies produced from 1992–2002, on Korean subjects and people like General Choi Duk Shin (parts 1-4) and composer 283: 115:. Production costs in North Korea are very low, and the quality of animators is well perceived. SEK has done work on such productions as 164:(1969). The latter film comes from a novel telling the story of a woman farmer who becomes a national heroine by fighting the Japanese. 1851: 587: 431: 1517: 1226: 1171: 804: 80:
and generally concerns propaganda. North Korea has nevertheless produced some non-propaganda films for export to the wider world.
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Another favorite theme is the happiness of the current society. This theme can be seen reflected in titles of feature films like
2706: 96:. Other North Korean film studios include the Korean Documentary Film Studio (founded in 1946), the April 25 Film Studio of the 2686: 2463: 1892: 1841: 1730: 1143: 597: 1110: 1896: 1546: 1443: 1381: 1362: 1296: 1004: 941: 912: 225: 199: 1332:
Armstrong, Charles K. (2002). "The Origins of North Korean Cinema: Art and Propaganda in the Democratic People's Republic".
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Schönherr, Johannes (2007). "A Permanent State of War: A Short History of North Korean Cinema". In Matthew Edwards (ed.).
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Nearly all studios and film archives were destroyed during the Korean War, and after 1953 studios had to be rebuilt.
4118: 3574: 1816: 1597: 1877: 4218: 1820: 1628: 1587: 1577: 1550: 414:) (1986 - 115 min.). Probably the most well-known North Korean film internationally is the giant-monster epic, 299:, was produced in 1969. The entrance hall to the Korean Feature Film Studio contains a mural of "Dear Leader" 1592: 1581: 1541: 1510: 1128: 246: 489:, was among Kim Il-sung's good friends, allowing him to make up to four films in North Korea beginning with 28: 3358: 3275: 3245: 3199: 1846: 1602: 1478: 213: 3908: 3594: 3318: 1786: 1688: 1567: 3754: 3363: 3280: 3204: 2456: 1782: 1684: 1199: 592: 461: 366: 347:
was also an opera and a symphony, as well as the name of an opera company. Future Minister of Culture,
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The Director is the Commander: Come on a Unique Journey Inside North Korea's Propaganda Machine
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in 1988, using the country's actors and facilities while in exile away from Cambodia.
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film production reduced, and from 2000 to 2009 only about 5 films per year were made.
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A Kim Jong-Il Production: Kidnap, Torture, Murder... Making Movies North Korean-Style
908: 293:(1965) were made in the 1960s. One of the most highly regarded films in North Korea, 242: 44: 18: 4128: 4063: 4028: 3963: 3943: 3933: 3893: 3873: 3629: 3589: 3557: 3552: 3496: 3441: 3416: 3406: 3353: 3348: 3338: 3270: 3260: 3220: 3194: 3168: 3133: 3128: 3116: 3096: 2908: 2893: 2823: 2800: 2676: 2599: 2594: 2493: 1618: 1459: 478: 470: 255: 228:, established in 1987 and broadened in scope in 2002, is now held every two years. 209: 64: 1008: 4088: 4048: 4023: 4003: 3938: 3913: 3903: 3888: 3711: 3634: 3579: 3458: 3411: 3373: 3178: 3163: 3153: 2980: 2945: 2923: 2883: 2868: 2863: 2843: 2833: 2828: 2778: 2773: 2763: 2701: 2645: 2635: 2620: 2584: 2559: 2518: 2513: 2483: 1643: 1526: 1466: 1412:
Korean film: Feature Film, TV Drama, Documentary, Science Film, Children's Film /
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Cinematic Guerillas: Propaganda, Projectionists, and Audiences in Socialist China
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The number of films produced in North Korea is difficult to determine. In 1992,
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Film Out of Bounds; Essays and Interviews on Non-Mainstream Cinema Worldwide
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played a role as a villain and the husband of one of the main characters.
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Illusive Utopia: Theater, Film, and Everyday Performance in North Korea
525: 101: 640: 2955: 1872: 1418: 839: 416: 93: 60: 775: 1227:"Multi-part feature film 'the Nation and Destiny' part 56 released" 644: 486: 466: 193: 116: 1495: 183:. All of these films were awarded the People's Prize before 1974. 3801: 1490: 2441: 1638: 308: 69: 92:, a state-run studio founded in 1947 and located outside of 498:
IMDB lists only four North Korean films made in the 1990s.
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Contemporary Korean Cinema: Culture, Identity and Politics
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In addition to its domestic animated productions, SEK has
1421:: Korea Film Export & Import Corporation(조선영화수출입사)). 88:
North Korea's principal producer of feature films is the
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Ri Ok Gyong (2012). Hong Chan Su; Ri Un Gyong (eds.).
765:"Uniting the Two Koreas, in Animated Films at Least" 555: 519: 1108: 746:"Laughter -- a less lethal export from North Korea" 1374:All Monsters Must Die: An Excursion to North Korea 1005:"2006 San Francisco Korean American Film Festival" 1117:. Archived from the original on December 8, 2002. 961:. London: Reaktion Books, Ltd. pp. 130–131. 4210: 1144:"Sihanouk Finds Caviar and Kim Il-sung Mix Well" 47:and has been sustained since then by the ruling 907:. Manchester University Press. pp. 34–36. 743: 622: 620: 1085: 664: 3817: 2457: 1511: 1390: 1310:(in Korean). Seoul, Korea: Saenggak ui Namu. 869: 867: 865: 318:, Kim Jong-il further developed this idea of 762: 617: 509: 425: 409: 1409: 1395:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 1371: 921: 3824: 3810: 2464: 2450: 1518: 1504: 1352: 1269:"North Korea: Literature, Music, and Film" 873: 862: 805:"Great Achievements in Literature and Art" 634: 632: 588:Abduction of Shin Sang-ok and Choi Eun-hee 102:Korean Science and Educational Film Studio 1433: 1331: 1286: 1266: 1109:Aidan Foster-Carter (November 13, 2002). 76:All film production is supervised by the 638: 113:produced animation for foreign companies 27: 17: 1372:Bärtås, Magnus; Ekman, Fredrik (2015). 1023: 927: 783:"Lenin:Directives on the Film Business" 629: 186: 4211: 1308:Seo Cheong-nam ui Pukhan yonghwa tamsa 1197: 1172:"Norodom Sihanouk Archival Collection" 956: 833: 598:List of North Korean television series 326:The People Sing of the Fatherly Leader 3805: 2445: 1758: 1660: 1499: 1357:. Scoresby: Penguin Group Australia. 1141: 226:Pyongyang International Film Festival 200:Pyongyang International Film Festival 1111:"Pyongyang watch: Axis of ... cute?" 1086:Timothy Savage (December 23, 2000). 744:Park Chan-Kyong (February 7, 2007). 1525: 1305: 1029: 900: 834:Barron, Brian (September 5, 2001). 531: 376:North Korean film developed a mass 306:Kim Il-sung made a famous call for 156:Fate of a Self-defence Corps Member 13: 3831: 1325: 1260:Foreign Languages Publishing House 1198:Voland, John (November 25, 1988). 1056: 1050: 1034:. Korea Web Weekly. Archived from 387: 277: 236: 22:Mural at the Pyongyang Art Studio. 14: 4230: 1453: 1233:. October 7, 2001. Archived from 785:. Marxists Internet Archive. 2003 454:were also produced in the 1980s. 438:. Multi-part films promoting the 219: 4192: 4183: 4182: 3783: 3769: 2471: 2427: 2426: 1796: 1761: 1698: 1663: 1032:"Film Review: The Unsung Heroes" 959:Art Under Control in North Korea 763:Mark Russell (August 31, 2005). 665:Susan Kitchens (March 3, 2003). 639:Gluckman, Ron (September 1992). 572: 558: 1219: 1191: 1164: 1135: 1102: 1079: 997: 975: 950: 894: 853: 836:"West snubs North Korea movies" 827: 811:. June 18, 2004. Archived from 83: 4150:British Indian Ocean Territory 1436:North Korean Cinema: A History 797: 756: 737: 719: 689: 658: 510: 426: 410: 1: 1542:List of Korean-language films 1267:Malakunas, Karl (June 1993). 1142:Burns, John (June 22, 1985). 610: 247:defeat of the Japanese Empire 1434:Schönherr, Johannes (2012). 1415:조선 영화: 예술, 텔레비죤극, 기록, 과학, 아동 1376:. Toronto: House of Anansi. 1007:. Mykima.org. Archived from 985:. ThingsAsian. April 4, 2005 859:Schönherr 2007, pp. 141–143. 259:. For feature-length films, 214:collapse of the Soviet Union 7: 874:James Bell (January 2009). 551: 520: 10: 4235: 1258:. Pyongyang, North Korea: 750:Mail & Guardian Online 731:December 30, 2013, at the 593:List of North Korean films 462:Ten Zan - Ultimate Mission 367:United States Forces Korea 231: 4178: 4137: 4097: 3839: 3763: 3720: 3687: 3610: 3543: 3536: 3479: 3384: 3301: 3228: 3219: 3187: 3072: 3029: 2971: 2809: 2754: 2745: 2715: 2669: 2613: 2537: 2501: 2492: 2479: 2423: 2019: 1911: 1865: 1805: 1794: 1778: 1774: 1754: 1723: 1707: 1696: 1680: 1676: 1656: 1611: 1560: 1537: 1533: 1465:October 11, 2015, at the 1353:Broinowski, Anna (2015). 1127:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1063:Columbia University Press 481:, a filmmaker and former 336:Spread All Over the World 265:was released in 1946 and 3899:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 2687:Central African Republic 1737:On the Art of the Cinema 1485:Mock-up Location Streets 1438:. Jefferson: McFarland. 1414: 1306:Seo, Cheong-nam (2002). 882:. British Film Institute 604:On the Art of the Cinema 430:) (1985), directed by a 315:On the Art of the Cinema 4160:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 626:Schönherr 2007, p. 145. 78:Workers' Party of Korea 3397:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1547:List of pre–1948 films 1460:Korea Film Corporation 1391:Kim Suk-Young (2010). 1030:Lee, Wha-rang (2004). 928:Fischer, Paul (2016). 901:Lee, Hyangjin (2000). 473:and starring American 456:North Korean animation 434:South Korean director 398:(1980 - 155 min.) and 371:Charles Robert Jenkins 290:Boidchi annun dchonson 207:British Film Institute 181:When Apples Are Picked 90:Korean Art Film Studio 63:and sought to produce 36: 23: 4219:Cinema of North Korea 2707:São Tomé and Príncipe 1768:Cinema of South Korea 1670:Cinema of North Korea 1088:"The People's Cinema" 957:Portal, Jane (2005). 451:The Sun of the Nation 41:cinema of North Korea 31: 21: 4074:United Arab Emirates 3174:United Arab Emirates 1888:Production companies 707:on February 20, 2014 442:ideology, including 187:Production estimates 142:North Korean leader 98:Korean People's Army 4101:limited recognition 3723:& transnational 697:"Pocahontas: Intro" 667:"Axis of animation" 492:The Mysterious City 382:Cultural Revolution 173:A Flowering Village 169:A Family of Workers 119:'s animated series 3575:Dominican Republic 1149:The New York Times 566:North Korea portal 521:Minjokgwa ummyeong 501:Nation and Destiny 55:and his successor 37: 33:Taedongmoon Cinema 24: 4206: 4205: 4143:other territories 3799: 3798: 3683: 3682: 3532: 3531: 3215: 3214: 2741: 2740: 2439: 2438: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2414: 1883:Animation studios 1750: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1652: 1651: 1624:Animation studios 1445:978-0-7864-9052-3 1383:978-1-77089-881-3 1364:978-0-85797-546-1 1298:978-0-7864-2970-7 1205:Los Angeles Times 1177:Monash University 1115:Asia Times Online 1038:on March 25, 2007 1011:on August 7, 2011 943:978-0-241-97000-3 914:978-0-7190-6008-3 880:Sight & Sound 378:audience in China 243:division of Korea 210:Sight & Sound 45:division of Korea 4226: 4196: 4186: 4185: 4155:Christmas Island 3841:Sovereign states 3826: 3819: 3812: 3803: 3802: 3790:World portal 3788: 3787: 3774: 3773: 3772: 3721:Intercontinental 3541: 3540: 3364:Northern Ireland 3226: 3225: 2752: 2751: 2499: 2498: 2466: 2459: 2452: 2443: 2442: 2430: 2429: 1842:Cinematographers 1800: 1776: 1775: 1766: 1765: 1764: 1756: 1755: 1702: 1678: 1677: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1658: 1657: 1598:Cinematographers 1535: 1534: 1520: 1513: 1506: 1497: 1496: 1474: 1449: 1430: 1406: 1387: 1368: 1349: 1321: 1302: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1273:country-data.com 1263: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1223: 1217: 1216: 1214: 1212: 1195: 1189: 1188: 1186: 1184: 1168: 1162: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1126: 1118: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1097: 1095: 1090:. 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815:on May 5, 2009 796: 774: 769:New York Times 755: 736: 718: 688: 657: 628: 615: 614: 612: 609: 608: 607: 600: 595: 590: 584: 583: 569: 553: 550: 545:Lazy Cat Dinga 533: 530: 475:Frank Zagarino 465:, directed by 389: 386: 279: 276: 245:following the 238: 235: 233: 230: 221: 220:Film festivals 218: 188: 185: 127:and the films 106:animated films 85: 82: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4231: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4189: 4181: 4180: 4177: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4140: 4136: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4124:South Ossetia 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4096: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 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Index



Taedongmoon Cinema
division of Korea
Kim dynasty
Kim Il-sung
Kim Jong-il
cinephiles
propaganda films
Juche
Workers' Party of Korea
Korean Art Film Studio
Pyongyang
Korean People's Army
Korean Science and Educational Film Studio
animated films
produced animation for foreign companies
Mondo TV
Light Years
Empress Chung
Kim Il-sung
Lenin
maxim
Sea of Blood
Asiaweek
Pyongyang International Film Festival
British Film Institute
Sight & Sound
collapse of the Soviet Union
Pyongyang International Film Festival

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