762:
27:
125:
50:
43:
286:
181:
Romans occupied the city. Around 42 AD, Roman garrisons leveled Tamuda during an insurrection and in its stead erected a fortified settlement. The
Emperor Augustus' successors later rebuilt the city as a Roman
453:
566:
Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Charpentier, Anne; Bernal-Casasola, DarĂo; Gardeisen, Armelle; Nores, Carlos; Pis Millán, JosĂ© Antonio; McGrath, Krista; Speller, Camilla F. (2018-07-11).
658:
1574:
347:
Bermejo Meléndez, Javier; Campos
Carrasco, Juan Manuel; Delgado Aguilar, Salvador; Fernández Sutilo, LucĂa; Toscano PĂ©rez, Clara; Verdugo Santos, Javier (2012-11-01).
174:
during the next century, mainly for commerce. A type of a seahorse, representing
Phoenician iconography, with rider encountered on a clay jar was found at Tamuda.
1599:
1543:
1468:
478:, Halima Ferhat, "The Encyclopaedia of Islam", Vol. X, ed. P.J. Bearman, T. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs, (Brill, 2000), 549.
229:
The region around Tamuda was fully
Romanized, Christianized and "pacified" during the fifth century and the fort probably was dismantled. By the time the
91:
1440:
651:
274:
dated from 180 A.D. 396 A.D. They suggest that the Romans may have conducted industrial-scale whaling in the coasts of the
Western Mediterranean.
644:
1473:
236:
In the late 13th century small fortifications existed near the Roman ruins with the name "Tittawin", that later were renamed "Tetouan".
1579:
1383:
1589:
1478:
1503:
1368:
1594:
210:, written in the fifth century, it is stated that at the end of the fourth century Tamuda's castrum was the headquarters of an "
1433:
568:"Forgotten Mediterranean calving grounds of grey and North Atlantic right whales: evidence from Roman archaeological records"
522:
204:
rule. It was used for fish salting and purple production, according to researcher from the
University of Cadiz. On the
1426:
407:
233:
arrived in the fifth century the city had been possibly abandoned as no contemporary chronicle mentions it anymore.
26:
1347:
1584:
1400:
1569:
761:
567:
42:
1077:
546:
271:
124:
441:
79:
1307:
821:
1312:
1302:
430:
255:
In 1933, a third century (circa 253-257 A.D.) stone recording a Roman victory over some unnamed
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936:
921:
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776:
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346:
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462:
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1388:
1297:
716:
324:
299:
223:
193:
140:
8:
1352:
1317:
291:
259:
was discovered at the site of Tamuda. It is believed that the inscription refers to the
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1378:
831:
816:
603:
206:
1327:
1082:
851:
811:
608:
590:
528:
518:
413:
403:
380:
201:
155:. It was considered a city in accordance with the rules of urbanization of the time.
400:
The coinage of the
Phoenician city of Tyre in the Persian period (5th-4th cent. BCE)
1207:
1102:
841:
796:
598:
582:
370:
360:
1373:
136:
1342:
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190:
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1147:
1122:
1026:
726:
691:
594:
532:
417:
384:
152:
106:
93:
31:
Roman amphora and mosaic of Tamuda, in the "Archaeological Museum of
Tetouan"
633:
in "Revue de la Faculté des lettres de Tétouan", année 4, n° 4 Tetouan, 1990
565:
1538:
1508:
1418:
1112:
866:
731:
612:
586:
319:
245:
916:
365:
348:
1322:
1067:
996:
249:
375:
349:"Reconstrucción Infográfica del Castellum de Tamuda (Tetuán, Marruecos)"
1292:
1248:
1243:
1227:
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906:
164:
846:
211:
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178:
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314:
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1127:
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1011:
1001:
961:
786:
746:
304:
260:
230:
197:
151:. Stone ruins from the site are found by the south bank of the
666:
503:(p.239) - Classical Association of the Atlantic States, (1939)
266:
In July 2018, a group of researchers discovered at the site a
1172:
836:
826:
791:
309:
143:. It is located 6 km (4 miles) west of the present-day
971:
686:
163:
The ancient city was founded in the 3rd century BC by the
547:"Ancient Romans Hunted 'Sea Monsters.' Were They Whales?"
267:
575:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
16:
Ancient Berber city and Roman military camp in
Morocco
281:
189:Tamuda became later one of the major cities of the
1575:Populated places established in the 3rd century BC
1561:
1600:Roman towns and cities in Mauretania Tingitana
1434:
652:
512:
402:. Elayi, A. G. Leuven: Peeters. p. 264.
1448:
515:The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine
252:era have been found in the site of Tamuda.
1441:
1427:
667:Romano-Berber cities in Roman North Africa
659:
645:
170:of northern Morocco. Probably there was a
25:
1384:Christianity in the Roman Africa province
602:
374:
364:
517:. London: Routledge. pp. 216, 354.
431:Archaeological Museum of Tetouan: Tamuda
397:
123:
1369:North Africa during classical antiquity
674:Sorted by contemporary national borders
631:L'habitat ancien de la vallée de Martil
1562:
1422:
1411:UNESCO World Heritage Sites Proposed
640:
489:El poblamiento antiguo del Rio Martin
13:
14:
1611:
1580:Roman towns and cities in Morocco
196:and enjoyed a development during
760:
284:
48:
41:
1590:Archaeological sites in Morocco
1401:Roman colonies in Berber Africa
1348:Praetorian prefecture of Africa
623:
559:
539:
501:The Classical Weekly, Volume 32
506:
494:
481:
469:
446:
435:
424:
391:
340:
239:
128:Roman military camp of Tamuda.
49:
1:
333:
917:Oppidum Novum (Caesariensis)
7:
1595:Military history of TĂ©touan
277:
10:
1616:
491:, Tamuda, IV, 1957, p. 272
455:Evolución urbana de Tetuán
353:Virtual Archaeology Review
272:North Atlantic right whale
218:and that was related to a
214:" (cavalry unit) of local
158:
139:city and military camp in
1454:
1409:
1361:
1283:
1262:
1236:
1055:
769:
758:
727:Oppidum Novum (Tingitana)
679:
672:
85:
80:Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
75:
65:
36:
24:
1449:Former cities in Morocco
398:Josette., Elayi (2009).
244:Artifacts from both the
1303:Mauretania Caesariensis
1494:Iulia Campestris Babba
1484:Iulia Constantia Zilil
712:Iulia Campestris Babba
702:Iulia Constantia Zilil
587:10.1098/rspb.2018.0961
513:Southern, Pat (2001).
129:
1585:Ancient Berber cities
1489:Iulia Valentia Banasa
707:Iulia Valentia Banasa
366:10.4995/var.2012.4449
127:
1570:Mauretania Tingitana
1389:Early African Church
1298:Mauretania Tingitana
817:Castellum Tingitanum
325:Mauretania Tingitana
194:Mauretania Tingitana
141:Mauretania Tingitana
107:35.55833°N 5.40972°W
57:Shown within Morocco
1353:Exarchate of Africa
292:Ancient Rome portal
172:Phoenician presence
103: /
21:
1394:Church of Carthage
1379:Limes Tripolitanus
1318:Creta et Cyrenaica
832:Civitas Popthensis
581:(1882): 20180961.
463:Junta de AndalucĂa
442:Tamuda excavations
207:Notitia Dignitatum
177:Under the Emperor
130:
112:35.55833; -5.40972
19:
1557:
1556:
1416:
1415:
1328:Diocese of Africa
852:Diana Veteranorum
812:Castellum Dimmidi
329:Christian Berbers
202:Septimius Severus
122:
121:
1607:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1362:Related articles
1208:Turris Tamalleni
1103:Hippo Diarrhytus
842:Cohors Breucorum
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661:
654:
647:
638:
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629:El Azifi, M.R.
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270:fragment from a
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1405:
1374:African Romance
1357:
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135:was an ancient
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1343:Vandal Kingdom
1340:
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1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
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1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
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1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1193:Thuburbo Majus
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
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1140:
1135:
1130:
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989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
942:Quiza Xenitana
939:
934:
932:Portus Divinus
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
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894:
889:
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619:
618:
558:
538:
524:978-0415239431
523:
505:
493:
487:M. Tarradell,
480:
468:
461:(in Spanish).
445:
434:
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408:
390:
338:
337:
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332:
331:
330:
327:
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317:
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307:
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296:
295:
279:
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241:
238:
191:Roman province
160:
157:
120:
119:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
56:
47:
46:
40:
39:
38:
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34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1321:
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1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:and provinces
1282:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
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1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1123:Pheradi Majus
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
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1079:
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1060:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1027:Unica Colonia
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:Portus Magnus
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
777:Aquae Calidae
775:
774:
772:
768:
763:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
684:
682:
678:
671:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
643:
642:
639:
632:
628:
627:
614:
610:
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
569:
562:
548:
542:
534:
530:
526:
520:
516:
509:
502:
497:
490:
484:
477:
472:
465:. p. 29.
464:
457:
456:
449:
443:
438:
432:
427:
419:
415:
411:
409:9789042922020
405:
401:
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153:Martil Valley
150:
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142:
138:
134:
126:
116:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
44:
35:
28:
23:
1539:Thymiaterium
1528:
1509:Sala Colonia
1313:Roman Africa
1113:Leptis Parva
867:Hippo Regius
736:
630:
624:Bibliography
578:
574:
561:
550:. Retrieved
541:
514:
508:
500:
496:
488:
483:
475:
471:
454:
448:
437:
426:
399:
393:
376:10251/139256
356:
352:
342:
320:Sala Colonia
265:
254:
243:
235:
228:
219:
212:Ala Herculea
205:
188:
176:
162:
147:in northern
132:
131:
1323:Roman Egypt
1068:Bulla Regia
997:Thubursicum
822:Castra Nova
240:Excavations
165:Mauretanian
110: /
86:Coordinates
1564:Categories
1474:El Mazamma
1293:Mauretania
1228:Zama Regia
1198:Thuburnica
1098:Hadrumetum
1063:Althiburos
907:Mesarfelta
552:2018-10-10
334:References
257:barbarians
250:Phoenician
95:35°33′30″N
1549:Volubilis
1534:Thamusida
1519:Tagmadert
1514:Sijilmasa
1333:Zeugitana
1153:Simitthus
1017:Tubusuctu
1007:Tingartia
982:Thamugadi
957:Rusucurru
952:Rusguniae
922:Parthenia
892:Lambaesis
807:Cartennas
752:Volubilis
742:Thamusida
595:0962-8452
533:264420871
418:476143018
385:1989-9947
359:(6): 83.
216:limitanei
98:5°24′35″W
1524:Tamdoult
1338:Byzacena
1284:Kingdoms
1203:Thysdrus
1178:Thabraca
1168:Taparura
1158:Sufetula
1143:Scillium
1118:Mactaris
1078:Carthago
1047:Zuccabar
992:Thibilis
987:Theveste
977:Thagaste
897:Madauros
877:Igilgili
857:Gemellae
802:Caesarea
697:Exilissa
613:30051821
476:Tittawin
278:See also
248:and the
220:cohortes
179:Augustus
66:Location
1308:Numidia
1275:Rusadir
1254:Farafra
1188:Thapsus
1163:Tacapae
1108:Kelibia
1093:Gightis
1083:Cillium
1056:Tunisia
1037:Vescera
1032:Uzinaza
1022:Tubunae
967:Setifis
947:Rapidum
927:Pomaria
912:Milevum
902:Mascula
887:Lamasba
882:Iomnium
872:Icosium
862:Gunugus
782:Albulae
770:Algeria
722:Mogador
680:Morocco
604:6053924
315:Rusadir
231:Vandals
184:castrum
168:Berbers
159:History
149:Morocco
145:Tetouan
70:Morocco
1544:Vobrix
1529:Tamuda
1479:Herpis
1459:Aghmat
1270:Septem
1218:Uthina
1183:Thanae
1138:Ruspae
1133:Rucuma
1128:Pupput
1088:Dougga
1012:Tipasa
1002:Tiddis
962:Saldae
847:Cuicul
797:Calama
787:Altava
747:Tingis
737:Tamuda
611:
601:
593:
531:
521:
416:
406:
383:
310:Septem
305:Tingis
261:Franks
198:Trajan
137:Berber
133:Tamuda
76:Region
20:Tamuda
1504:Rirha
1499:Lixus
1469:Gilda
1464:Cotta
1263:Spain
1237:Egypt
1213:Utica
1173:Sufes
1148:Sicca
1073:Capsa
1042:ZaraĂŻ
837:Collo
827:Cirta
792:Auzia
717:Lixus
692:Cotta
571:(PDF)
459:(PDF)
300:Lixus
246:Roman
224:Lixus
1249:Qara
1244:Siwa
1223:Vaga
972:Siga
732:Sala
687:Anfa
609:PMID
591:ISSN
529:OCLC
519:ISBN
414:OCLC
404:ISBN
381:ISSN
200:and
599:PMC
583:doi
579:285
371:hdl
361:doi
268:rib
222:of
1566::
607:.
597:.
589:.
577:.
573:.
527:.
412:.
379:.
369:.
355:.
351:.
263:.
226:.
186:.
1442:e
1435:t
1428:v
660:e
653:t
646:v
615:.
585::
555:.
535:.
420:.
387:.
373::
363::
357:3
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