882:
469:
4377:
4751:
2457:
756:) as he recited carefully when he was in the world, for he will reach his abode when he comes to the last verse he recites (Sunan Abi Dawud 1464)." This narration describes the importance of the manner of recitation and its positive effects in the afterlife. The next narration describes the importance of prolongation (
2264:
In the case of the proper name عمرو /ʕamrun/, it is pronounced /ʕamr/ in pausa, and the last letter و wāw has no phonetical value (this writing convention is merely for the differentiation from the name عُمَر /ʕumar/). And in fact, عمرو is a triptote (something rare in proper nouns, since they are
2112:
2 Plural mim is the ending of هُمْ or كُمْ as noun suffixes and تُمْ as a verb suffix, which normally end as /hum/, /kum/ and /tum/ respectively. But in some cases /hum/ becomes /him/; nevertheless, it continues as /him-u/. These three always take a damma /-u/.
1970:, or the end of sentence. The "lesser bounce" occurs when the letter is in the middle of a word or at the end of the word but the reader joins it to the next word. A "medium bounce" is given when the letter is at the end of the word but is not accompanied by a
2025:
Waṣl is the rule of not pronouncing alif as a glottal stop /ʔ/, assimilating to its adjacent vowel. It is indicated with the diacritic waṣlah, a small ṣād on the letter alif (ٱ). In Arabic, words starting with alif not using a hamzah (ا) receive a waṣlah...
579:, where errors in pronunciation increased in the Qur’an due to the entry of many non-Arabs to Islam. So the scholars of the Qur’an began to write the rules of intonation. It is said that the first person to collect the science of
5276:
5360:
5348:
2037:
In most of the cases, the vowel that must be used before the alif waṣlah is obvious (the short or long vowel before alif waṣlah); but if it is preceded by a word ending on a sukun, then these are the rules:
5569:
5187:
5283:
743:
in the Qur'an." It begins with the narration: "The
Messenger of Allah peace and blessings be upon him said: One who was devoted to the Qur'an will be told to recite, ascend and recite carefully (
647:
In it, he documented the rules of recitation of Naafi’, Ibn
Katheer, Abu ‘Amr, Ibn ‘Aamir, ‘Aasim, al-Kisaa’i, and Hamzah. It is 1173 lines long and a major reference for the seven qira’aat.
5336:
622:
He wrote about 25 reciters, including the 7 mutawatir reciters. He made the reality, transmitted through reciters of every generation, a science with defined rules, terms, and enunciation.
5182:
705:
stated that it is sinful to recite in a way that changes the meaning or changes the grammar. If it does not change these two things, then it is not sinful, even if it is a clear error.
5300:
5223:
5324:
5312:
5151:
769:): "Qatadah said: I asked Anas about the recitation of the Qur'an by the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. He said: He used to express all the long accents clearly (
2615:
5199:
1030:) refers to the different attributes of the letters. Some of the characteristics have opposites, while some are individual. An example of a characteristic would be the
5288:
5392:
5372:
5218:
5387:
5307:
5295:
5654:
5240:
5230:
5163:
5608:
5382:
5377:
5367:
5194:
5751:
5271:
5158:
5259:
5211:
5175:
5632:
5620:
5540:
5247:
5206:
5170:
4617:
349:
5613:
4622:
5492:
5355:
5343:
5331:
5146:
618:(774 - 838 CE) was the first to develop a recorded science for tajwid, giving the rules of tajwid names and putting it into writing in his book called
531:') is a set of rules for the correct pronunciation of the letters with all their qualities and applying the various traditional methods of recitation (
5666:
5319:
4649:
5678:
4836:
4718:
868:
731:), as used in this verse, is often also used in hadith in conjunction with its command. It means to articulate slowly, carefully, and precisely.
4909:
5625:
5504:
5116:
4723:
5437:
4824:
4706:
4694:
4682:
196:
5659:
5564:
5473:
5420:
5671:
2128:
Waqf is the Arabic pausa rule; all words whose last letter end on a harakah become mute (sukūn) when being the last word of a sentence.
2706:
2261:
1 Hamza on the fourth row is an exception to 'ending on any ḥarakah.' It's only in the case of hamza having fathatayn, not otherwise.
2782:
5497:
5264:
4413:
547:), meaning enhancement or to make something excellent. Technically, it means giving every letter its right in reciting the Qur'an.
343:
691:). There is a difference of opinion on the ruling for individuals. Dr. Shadee Elmasry states that it is an individual obligation (
665:), in the readings of three major reciters, added to the seven in the Shatibiyyah, making it ten. The other is Tayyibat An-Nashr (
5756:
4699:
4687:
4654:
2908:
2480:
2833:
2915:
2757:"Theory and Practice of Tajwid," Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, IV, Leiden, Brill, 2007 (or still in press)
2573:
5637:
5545:
5252:
1011:) of the letters, located in various regions of the throat, tongue, lips, nose, and the mouth as a whole for the prolonged (
323:
4829:
4711:
1370:", then the number of morae can be more than two, but must be consistent from verse to verse. Additionally, if there is a
861:
289:
59:
2747:
5109:
3376:
643:(1320 - 1388 CE) wrote a poem outlining the two most famous ways passed down from each of seven strong imams, known as
1749:
sound is not fully pronounced (i.e. the tongue does not make full contact with the roof of the mouth as in a regular
1488:
s nun with a sukun. There are then four ways it should be pronounced, depending on which letter immediately follows:
284:
279:
5509:
5019:
4841:
162:
2453:
4532:
4023:
2920:
701:) with correct tajwīd, though they do not need to know the terms and definitions of the rules themselves. Sheikh
455:
335:
179:
1366:). The number of morae then becomes two. If these are at the end of the sentence, such as in all the verses in "
3550:
2816:
2649:
854:
815:
401:
45:
5102:
3998:
2775:
111:
5789:
5583:
4406:
3315:
2866:
2109:
1 In the case of Tanwin and alif waṣlah, the intrusive kasrah between them is not graphically represented.
615:
595:
2345:
2329:
2313:
2297:
2275:
987:). "Solar" and "lunar" became descriptions for these instances as the words for "the moon" and "the sun" (
565:
is a science by which one learns the pronunciation of Qur’anic words as pronounced by the
Islamic prophet
4877:
86:
2590:
2544:
3959:
3438:
2116:
3 مِنْ is an exception to this, which always takes a fatha /-a/ if it be conjoined with the next word.
1512:
sound is pronounced clearly without additional modifications when followed by "letters of the throat" (
984:
673:), which is 1014 lines on the ten major reciters in great detail, of which he also wrote a commentary.
5799:
3712:
3702:
3679:
1893:
is pronounced clearly with no amendment when followed by any letters other than those already listed.
1566:
778:
1800:. There are then three ways it should be pronounced, depending on which letter immediately follows:
5794:
5478:
4380:
4288:
3770:
2768:
5779:
5731:
5588:
4434:
4399:
3535:
3478:
2881:
2374:
837:
5598:
3837:
717:
verse about tajwid is verse 73:4: "...and recite the Qur'an with measured recitation." The word
625:
5518:
5024:
5007:
4527:
3643:
3603:
3528:
3523:
3287:
2823:
2752:
1023:
820:
411:
396:
1187:
or the end of a sentence, then it is light when the first preceding voweled letter (without a
172:
5034:
4369:
4202:
4154:
3964:
3946:
3939:
3929:
3924:
3916:
3736:
3471:
3443:
3433:
3237:
2861:
1568:
1348:
1004:
71:
5649:
2565:
Arabic and
Tajweed Beginners Exercise Book (Children): Learn to Recite the Quran Beautifully
1372:
5487:
5425:
4105:
3865:
3785:
3265:
2710:
898:
640:
318:
313:
32:
2906:
1994:
1963:
1954:
1938:
1908:
1883:
1839:
1817:
1805:
1739:
1630:
1555:
1502:
1428:
1398:
1382:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1290:
1270:
1262:
1229:
1179:
1163:
1153:
1145:
1097:
1089:
592:
586:
580:
570:
556:
550:
542:
512:
8:
5446:
4672:
4548:
4438:
4164:
3974:
3847:
3670:
3221:
3135:
3072:
1704:
only applies between two words and not in the middle of a word. Consider for example the
1047:
1031:
702:
490:
448:
201:
3063:
2665:
2495:
1992:
The biggest bounce is when the letter is at the end of the word and is accompanied by a
1439:صِرَٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ ٱلمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ ٱلضَّآلِّين
5784:
4607:
4332:
4018:
3934:
3731:
3656:
3395:
3381:
2519:
1722:أَشْهَدُ أَن لَّا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَّسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ
1320:
1057:
271:
184:
167:
81:
5410:
3401:
3198:
3180:
2973:
2616:"The Sunna Method of Reciting the Qur'an and the Legal Status of Reciting With Tajwid"
5535:
4914:
4079:
3752:
3692:
3455:
3347:
3258:
2901:
2748:
http://www.tughrabooks.com/books/detail/tajwid-the-art-of-the-recitation-of-the-quran
2645:
2569:
1949:
1104:
1051:
904:
825:
737:'s hadith collection has a chapter heading titled "Recommendation of (reciting with)
612:, as each reciter had their own set of tajwid rules, with much overlap between them.
376:
3832:
3362:
3189:
1753:
sound) if it is followed by any letters other than those already listed, includes a
5593:
5463:
5141:
4891:
4471:
4100:
3898:
3879:
3842:
3721:
3651:
3594:
3506:
3352:
3337:
3282:
3244:
2948:
2891:
2851:
917:
189:
76:
4242:
3579:
5721:
5235:
4283:
4212:
4149:
4143:
4012:
3887:
3827:
3687:
3631:
3616:
3611:
3584:
3574:
3518:
3491:
3466:
3367:
3324:
3306:
2896:
2876:
2811:
2563:
890:
798:
770:
757:
744:
724:
666:
658:
523:
504:
5741:
5701:
5644:
5085:
4677:
4576:
4491:
4363:
4293:
4227:
4132:
3906:
3795:
3790:
3775:
3760:
3726:
3511:
2886:
2828:
2384:
1750:
894:
842:
441:
424:
328:
50:
5773:
5726:
5603:
4592:
4510:
4325:
4320:
4306:
4252:
4187:
4169:
4055:
4040:
4034:
4003:
3822:
3817:
3802:
3765:
3626:
3621:
3545:
3501:
3357:
3331:
2856:
2843:
2369:
1945:
881:
806:
650:
468:
233:
220:
121:
5736:
141:
5559:
5094:
4882:
4442:
4298:
4257:
4197:
4177:
4137:
4050:
4045:
3812:
3807:
3697:
3420:
3406:
3110:
3020:
2993:
2423:
2403:
1921:
1588:
1469:
1112:
1075:
1072:
1063:
429:
206:
116:
4123:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3181:
3172:
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3162:
3154:
3145:
3136:
3127:
3118:
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3090:
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3073:
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3055:
3046:
3036:
3028:
3018:
3010:
3001:
2991:
2983:
2974:
2965:
2964:
1952:/ to the consonant whose vowel sound is otherwise cancelled, such as by a
5002:
4922:
4872:
4730:
4597:
4571:
4566:
4537:
4496:
4481:
4467:
4391:
4192:
4122:
4084:
4028:
3780:
2941:
3081:
3027:
3000:
1195:. It is heavy if the first preceding voweled letter is accompanied by a
5696:
5523:
5402:
5133:
5125:
4966:
4807:
4750:
4639:
4556:
4500:
4486:
3342:
3251:
3117:
2364:
2359:
1165:
1155:
734:
654:
633:
632:"The Seven of the Recitations." He is the first to limit the number of
609:
576:
533:
257:
228:
3207:
3153:
3144:
3099:
3092:
3045:
3038:
3009:
1069:
1066:
5039:
4895:
4792:
4247:
2418:
2396:
1529:
1407:
1367:
1123:) as they are pronounced normally, without pharyngealization (except
528:
476:
3171:
2982:
2644:(4th ed.). Spoken Language Services; 4th edition. p. 376.
1790:
5451:
5066:
4634:
4612:
4232:
4222:
2925:
2428:
2001:
1975:
1930:
1927:
1762:
1577:
1481:
777:) (Sunan Abi Dawud 1465)." This narration also shows that even the
566:
406:
371:
40:
4115:
2760:
1181:
5706:
5576:
5552:
5468:
4960:
4953:
4782:
4735:
4629:
4561:
4267:
2931:
2411:
2379:
2146:ء (أ إ ئ ؤ) ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
1709:
1604:
1298:
245:
135:
1640:
sound fully assimilates to the following sound if the latter is
1221:
1078:
130:
5746:
5716:
5456:
5073:
4946:
4940:
4932:
4902:
4819:
4787:
4776:
4182:
2806:
2791:
1961:
1866:
1400:
1254:
1213:
1173:
1108:
697:) on every Muslim to recite the opening chapter of the Qur'an (
305:
1924:
1918:
1849:
is suppressed (i.e. lips not fully closed) when followed by a
1081:
938:
5691:
5432:
5415:
5052:
5044:
5029:
5013:
4995:
4990:
4867:
4851:
4798:
4763:
4475:
4423:
4262:
4217:
4207:
3126:
3054:
2936:
1796:
1713:
1475:
1380:
letter, it is held for four or five morae when followed by a
931:
830:
714:
562:
494:
252:
106:
22:
1528:
pronounced regularly in the beginning of the last verse in "
608:
The history of
Quranic recitation is tied to the history of
575:
was when the
Islamic state expanded in the third century of
16:
Rules governing pronunciation during recitation of the Quran
5528:
5059:
4858:
4644:
4602:
4504:
4458:
4237:
1323:(beats of time) that are pronounced when a voweled letter (
693:
687:
1596:
1137:
1600:
2684:
2682:
2739:. Cairo; New York: American University in Cairo Press.
1865:
that is suppressed in the fourth verse of the chapter
1761:
that is suppressed in the second verse of the chapter
2137:
Inherited value of the ending ḥarakah in pausa (waqf)
1038:, which is an attribute of air escaping from a tube.
2679:
1573:
sound with imperfect closure if it is followed by a
983:after it becomes part of the following letter (is
2642:The Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic
1131:, which is often considered a pharyngeal sound).
5771:
2744:Tajwid: The Art of Recitation of the Holy Qur'an
1177:. If its vowel sound is cancelled, such as by a
2390:
1591:which can be held for two morae. Consider the
1095:letters, are pronounced with a "heavy accent" (
1708:that is not pronounced in the fifth line (the
1445:
790:
781:used some terms which are still used today in
708:
600:(774 - 838 CE) in the third century of Hijra.
5110:
4407:
2776:
1406:. For example, the end of the last verse in "
862:
653:(1350 - 1429 CE) wrote two large poems about
449:
5124:
2746:by Dr. Abdul Majid Khan, Tughra Books 2013.
1974:, such as the end of the first verse of the
1915:
1850:
1811:("labial merging") when followed by another
1689:
1681:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1574:
1513:
1419:
1389:
1281:
1251:
1218:
1204:
1134:
1124:
1060:
978:
972:
966:
960:
954:
944:
936:
921:
908:
782:
764:
751:
738:
718:
2709:. Albaseera.org. 2009-12-05. Archived from
2701:
2699:
2697:
1107:/ˤ/, i.e. pronounced while squeezing one's
995:, respectively) are examples of this rule.
479:printed with colored letters to facilitate
5117:
5103:
4421:
4414:
4400:
2783:
2769:
885:Sun letters (red) and moon letters (black)
869:
855:
456:
442:
2047:Acquired value of sukūn after alif waṣlah
1453:
1041:
2694:
2407:, the analogous classical Western study.
2000:, such as the end of the first verse of
1944:is the addition of a slight "bounce" or
1276:. If, however, the preceding vowel is a
965:, lunar), but if the letter after it is
953:is pronounced if the letter after it is
880:
467:
676:
657:and tajwid. One was Durrat Al-Maa'nia (
5772:
2734:
2688:
2012:تَبَّتْ يدَاۤ أَبِی لَهَبٍ وَّتَبَّ
1613:وَأَنْبَتَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ زَوْجٍ بَهِيجٍ
1583:. Additionally, it is pronounced with
1115:/ˠ/. The remaining letters – the
5098:
4395:
2764:
2728:
2561:
2487:
2399:, the analogous modern Western study.
1788:refers to instances where the letter
1467:refers to instances where the letter
1319:Prolongation refers to the number of
522:
4540:(according to some Islamic scholars)
2639:
2613:
2588:
2582:
2472:
2134:Last letter of a word with a ḥarakah
1211:at the end of the first word of the
2790:
2633:
2031:بِسْمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحْمٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
1676:). The last 4 letters also receive
1396:) and six morae when followed by a
967:
955:
922:
909:
774:
761:
748:
728:
670:
662:
628:(859 - 936 CE) wrote a book called
508:
13:
4749:
4368:Languages between parentheses are
1827:is then merged with the following
1595:sound on the tanwīn on the letter
1479:sign, some cases of which involve
998:
569:. The beginning of the science of
14:
5811:
5284:Al-Duri 'an Al-Kissa'i recitation
2478:
1151:) is heavy when accompanied by a
903:The Arabic alphabet has 28 basic
5020:Islamic hygienical jurisprudence
4376:
4375:
1171:and light when accompanied by a
5183:Al-Duri 'an Al-Basri recitation
2658:
1314:
1119: – have a "light accent" (
4372:of the language on their left.
2737:The Art of Reciting the Qur'an
2614:Azam, Tabraze (12 June 2011).
2607:
2555:
2537:
2512:
2481:"القراءات : The readings"
2446:
1986:قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱلْفَلَقِ
1777:
739:
719:
541:is derived from the verb جود (
1:
2434:
1538:صِرَٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ
596:Abu ʻUbaid al-Qāsim bin Salām
5679:Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami
5584:Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam
2867:Ancient South Arabian script
2834:Influence on other languages
2415:, Hindu Vedic recital study.
2391:Analogous and related fields
1845:("labial concealment"): the
1672:, there is no nasalization (
1268:) is only heavy in the word
616:Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam
7:
4124:
3209:
3200:
3191:
3182:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3146:
3137:
3128:
3119:
3109:
3101:
3091:
3083:
3074:
3065:
3056:
3047:
3037:
3029:
3019:
3011:
3002:
2992:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2907:
2595:. Safina Society. p. 7
2568:. Independently Published.
2545:"Ijazah in Ash-Shatibiyyah"
2500:. Safina Society. p. 8
2493:
2353:
1995:
1964:
1955:
1939:
1914:letters are the consonants
1909:
1899:
1884:
1840:
1818:
1806:
1740:
1631:
1556:
1503:
1429:
1399:
1383:
1342:
1334:
1326:
1291:
1271:
1263:
1230:
1180:
1164:
1154:
1146:
1098:
1090:
979:
973:
961:
945:
937:
791:Arabic alphabet and grammar
783:
765:
752:
709:Qur'an and Hadith on Tajwīd
685:rules is a community duty (
593:
587:
581:
571:
557:
551:
543:
513:
10:
5816:
4521:Communal mandatory prayers
2562:Essam, Dina (2021-04-21).
1700:are pronounced as and ).
1103:). This is done by either
1045:
888:
603:
5687:
5401:
5132:
5083:
4980:
4931:
4760:
4747:
4665:
4585:
4547:
4520:
4456:
4449:
4432:
4355:
4348:Islam and Arabic language
4341:
4276:
4163:
4093:
4072:
3997:
3915:
3897:
3858:
3751:
3711:
3678:
3669:
3642:
3602:
3593:
3567:
3454:
3314:
3305:
3296:
3275:
3229:
3220:
2957:
2842:
2799:
2735:Nelson, Kristina (2001).
2339:
2323:
2307:
2291:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2145:
2082:
2061:
2030:
2011:
1985:
1916:
1873:
1851:
1770:
1728:
1721:
1690:
1682:
1666:
1658:
1650:
1642:
1619:
1612:
1575:
1537:
1514:
1438:
1420:
1390:
1307:
1296:is light, such as in the
1282:
1252:
1243:
1219:
1205:
1135:
1125:
1061:
779:companions of the prophet
630:Kitab al-Sab’ fil-qirā’āt
4593:Prayers of the tradition
4289:Arabic script in Unicode
4024:Jordanian Bengali Pidgin
3384:(North-Eastern Tunisian)
2439:
1889:("labial clarity"): the
1815:(usually indicated by a
1599:that is pronounced as a
1565:sound is converted to a
1544:
1491:
681:Knowledge of the actual
5589:Abu al-Qasim al-Shatibi
5393:Abu Al-Faraj recitation
5373:Ibn Shanbuth recitation
5219:Ibn Thaqouan recitation
3551:Western Egyptian Bedawi
2121:
2018:
1874:تَرْمِيهِمْ بِحِجَارَةٍ
1603:instead in the chapter
537:). In Arabic, the term
5519:Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud
5388:Al-Mutawaie recitation
5308:Ibn Djammaz recitation
5296:Ibn Wardane recitation
5025:Ritual purity in Islam
5008:Prayer forbidden times
4812:Proper pronunciation (
4754:
4586:Supererogatory prayers
4549:Congregational prayers
4533:Prayers for the absent
4513:(weekly Friday prayer)
2071:/muħamːaduni lkariːm/
1042:Thickness and thinness
1024:manner of articulation
886:
489:In the context of the
486:
5655:Muhammad ibn Muheisan
5035:Menstruation in Islam
4753:
4155:Quranic Arabic Corpus
2862:Ancient North Arabian
2753:Foundation of Tajweed
2668:. readwithtajweed.com
2592:The Science of Tajwid
2549:Online Quran Teachers
2524:Online Quran Teachers
2497:The Science of Tajwid
2215:Ending on any ḥarakah
2150:Ending on any ḥarakah
2067:Muhammad the generous
2058:Tanwin + kasrah /-ni/
1771:مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ
1745:("concealment"): the
1217:is heavy because the
884:
471:
87:Birmingham manuscript
72:Samarkand Kufic Quran
5732:Qur'anic punctuation
5609:Abu Jaafar al-Madani
5599:Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid
5488:Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi
5383:Ibn Farah recitation
5378:Al-Khayat recitation
5368:Al-Balkhi recitation
5195:As-Soussi recitation
4450:Categories and types
4106:Sun and moon letters
3266:Pre-classical Arabic
2479:Ajaja, Abdurrazzak.
2460:on December 22, 2010
2375:Qur'anic punctuation
1841:ikhfāʼ shafawī
1807:idgham mutamathilayn
1794:is accompanied by a
1561:("conversion"): the
1473:is accompanied by a
899:Sun and moon letters
775:كَانَ يَمُدُّ مَدًّا
677:Religious obligation
636:to the seven known.
626:Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid
475:, an edition of the
5790:Islamic terminology
5752:Special recitations
5447:Ibn Kathir al-Makki
5272:Al-Layth recitation
5159:Al-Bazzi recitation
5072:Screen or barrier (
4673:Salat al-Istikharah
4439:Prayer compensation
3960:Judeo-Tripolitanian
3439:Judeo-Tripolitanian
2640:Wehr, Hans (1993).
2336:Pausal form (waqf)
2265:usually diptotes).
2092:/alayhimu s-salām/
2088:Peace be upon them.
2083:عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلام
2062:مُحَمَّدٌ ٱلكَرِيمُ
1449:(vowelless) letters
1347:) is followed by a
1203:. For example, the
1058:emphatic consonants
1048:Emphatic consonants
1032:fricative consonant
703:Zakariyya al-Ansari
524:[tadʒˈwiːd]
5650:Sulaiman al-Aʽmash
5260:Khallad recitation
5231:Shu'bah recitation
5012:Prayer direction (
4755:
4666:Occasional prayers
4333:MacArabic encoding
2729:Books and journals
2589:el-Masry, Shadee.
2520:"What is Tajweed?"
2494:el-Masry, Shadee.
2205: Thank you
887:
555:or the science of
487:
336:Biblical parallels
82:Topkapi manuscript
5767:
5766:
5633:Khalaf ibn Hisham
5621:Yaqoub al-Hadrami
5541:Khalaf ibn Hisham
5536:Hamzah az-Zaiyyat
5248:Khalaf recitation
5207:Hisham recitation
5171:Qunbul recitation
5092:
5091:
4745:
4744:
4618:Night nafl prayer
4598:Voluntary prayers
4389:
4388:
4364:extinct languages
4303:MS-DOS codepages
4068:
4067:
4064:
4063:
3747:
3746:
3665:
3664:
3563:
3562:
3259:Old Hijazi Arabic
2575:979-8-7422-0990-4
2454:"Kitab al-Qir'at"
2351:
2350:
2283:
2259:
2258:
2255: creation
2172: The Lord
2107:
2106:
1636:("merging"): the
1508:("clarity"): the
1410:" has a six-mora
1105:pharyngealization
1052:Pharyngealization
1009:makhārij al-ḥurūf
929:(i.e. the letter
879:
878:
466:
465:
350:Mentioned by name
5807:
5800:Arabic phonology
5760:
5675:
5663:
5641:
5629:
5617:
5594:Mujahid ibn Jabr
5573:
5549:
5513:
5501:
5493:Hisham ibn Ammar
5482:
5464:Abu Amr of Basra
5364:
5356:Ishaq recitation
5352:
5344:Idris recitation
5340:
5332:Rouis recitation
5328:
5316:
5304:
5292:
5280:
5268:
5256:
5244:
5227:
5215:
5203:
5191:
5179:
5167:
5155:
5147:Qalun recitation
5142:Warsh recitation
5119:
5112:
5105:
5096:
5095:
4918:
4901:Peace greeting (
4892:Sitting in salah
4845:
4833:
4769:its constituents
4727:
4715:
4703:
4691:
4658:
4626:
4528:Salat al-Janazah
4472:Fajr nafl prayer
4454:
4453:
4427:(Islamic prayer)
4416:
4409:
4402:
4393:
4392:
4379:
4378:
4127:
3676:
3675:
3600:
3599:
3536:Western Algerian
3483:Eastern Algerian
3479:Algerian Saharan
3409:(Lesser Kabylia)
3312:
3311:
3303:
3302:
3245:Nabataean Arabic
3227:
3226:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3149:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3114:
3104:
3096:
3086:
3077:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3042:
3032:
3024:
3014:
3005:
2997:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2949:Maltese alphabet
2912:
2892:Algerian Braille
2882:Eastern numerals
2852:Nabataean script
2785:
2778:
2771:
2762:
2761:
2740:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2707:"Hifdh:qalqalah"
2703:
2692:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2620:Seekers Guidance
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2456:. Archived from
2450:
2347:
2341:
2331:
2325:
2315:
2309:
2299:
2293:
2281:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2196: hospital
2195:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2147:
2131:
2130:
2084:
2063:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2015:
2013:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1967:
1958:
1942:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1912:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1821:
1809:
1774:
1772:
1743:
1725:
1723:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1680:in the process (
1671:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1634:
1616:
1614:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1559:
1541:
1539:
1520:). Consider the
1519:
1518:
1517:
1506:
1487:
1442:
1440:
1432:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1386:
1345:
1337:
1329:
1311:
1309:
1294:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1274:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1185:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1101:
1093:
1086:
1085:
1084:
982:
976:
970:
969:
964:
958:
957:
948:
942:
925:
924:
918:definite article
912:
911:
871:
864:
857:
795:
794:
786:
776:
768:
763:
755:
750:
742:
741:
730:
722:
721:
672:
664:
645:ash-Shatibiyyah.
599:
590:
588:Kitāb al-Qirā'āt
584:
574:
560:
554:
546:
526:
521:
516:
510:
473:Muṣḥaf al-tajwīd
458:
451:
444:
402:Quran and Sunnah
77:Sanaa manuscript
46:First revelation
19:
18:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5795:Arabic language
5770:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5754:
5722:Ten recitations
5683:
5669:
5667:Yahya al-Yazidi
5657:
5635:
5623:
5611:
5567:
5543:
5507:
5495:
5476:
5411:Nafiʽ al-Madani
5397:
5358:
5346:
5334:
5322:
5320:Rouh recitation
5310:
5298:
5286:
5274:
5262:
5250:
5238:
5236:Hafs recitation
5221:
5209:
5197:
5185:
5173:
5161:
5149:
5128:
5126:Quranic qira'at
5123:
5093:
5088:
5079:
4976:
4927:
4912:
4839:
4827:
4768:
4756:
4741:
4721:
4709:
4697:
4685:
4661:
4652:
4650:Tahiyyat masjid
4620:
4581:
4543:
4516:
4445:
4435:Islamic prayers
4428:
4420:
4390:
4385:
4351:
4337:
4284:Arabic keyboard
4272:
4167:
4159:
4144:Mater lectionis
4138:Triliteral root
4089:
4060:
4001:
3993:
3911:
3893:
3854:
3743:
3707:
3661:
3638:
3589:
3559:
3450:
3430:Judeo-Maghrebi
3298:
3292:
3288:Modern Standard
3271:
3216:
2953:
2897:Maltese Braille
2877:Arabic numerals
2838:
2795:
2789:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2716:
2714:
2705:
2704:
2695:
2687:
2680:
2671:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2596:
2587:
2583:
2576:
2560:
2556:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2488:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2393:
2356:
2278:(a proper name)
2274:
2214:
2197:
2164:
2149:
2126:
2098:All other cases
2070:
2065:
2029:
2023:
2010:
1984:
1917:
1904:
1872:
1861:; Consider the
1852:
1831:and includes a
1782:
1769:
1757:. Consider the
1733:
1720:
1691:
1683:
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1624:
1611:
1576:
1549:
1536:
1515:
1496:
1485:
1462:
1451:
1437:
1421:
1391:
1317:
1306:
1304:
1283:
1253:
1242:
1220:
1214:Sūrat "al-ʻAṣr"
1206:
1136:
1126:
1062:
1054:
1044:
1005:emission points
1001:
999:Emission points
907:, plus hamzah (
901:
891:Arabic alphabet
889:Main articles:
875:
821:Transliteration
805:
799:Arabic alphabet
793:
711:
679:
606:
519:
462:
417:
416:
392:
391:
382:
381:
367:
366:
365:Characteristics
357:
356:
346:
344:Related persons
309:
308:
297:
296:
275:
274:
263:
262:
224:
223:
212:
211:
158:
157:
148:
147:
102:
101:
92:
91:
36:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5813:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5780:Quran reciting
5765:
5764:
5762:
5761:
5749:
5744:
5742:Heavenly Quran
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5664:
5652:
5647:
5645:Hasan al-Basri
5642:
5630:
5618:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5580:
5579:
5574:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5516:
5515:
5514:
5502:
5485:
5484:
5483:
5471:
5461:
5460:
5459:
5454:
5444:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5407:
5405:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5353:
5341:
5329:
5317:
5305:
5293:
5281:
5269:
5257:
5245:
5233:
5228:
5216:
5204:
5192:
5180:
5168:
5156:
5144:
5138:
5136:
5130:
5129:
5122:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5099:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5081:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5070:
5065:Dry ablution (
5063:
5056:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5022:
5017:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4993:
4984:
4982:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4937:
4935:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4906:
4899:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4862:
4855:
4850:Supplication (
4848:
4847:
4846:
4834:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4772:
4770:
4758:
4757:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4733:
4728:
4716:
4704:
4692:
4680:
4678:Salat al-Tawba
4675:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4577:Eclipse prayer
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4553:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4535:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4508:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4464:
4462:
4451:
4447:
4446:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4419:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4396:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4373:
4366:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4301:
4296:
4294:ISO/IEC 8859-6
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4228:Naskh (script)
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4006:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3965:Judeo-Tunisian
3962:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3947:Judeo-Moroccan
3944:
3943:
3942:
3932:
3930:Judeo-Egyptian
3927:
3925:Judeo-Algerian
3921:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3907:Bedouin Arabic
3903:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3716:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3684:
3682:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3519:Moroccan koiné
3516:
3515:
3514:
3504:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3492:Tunisian koiné
3488:Eastern Hilal
3486:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3472:Judeo-Algerian
3467:Algerian koiné
3463:Central Hilal
3460:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3444:Judeo-Tunisian
3441:
3436:
3434:Judeo-Moroccan
3428:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3404:
3399:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3328:
3320:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3233:
3231:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3205:
3196:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3160:
3151:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3097:
3088:
3079:
3070:
3061:
3052:
3043:
3034:
3025:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2980:
2971:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2887:Arabic Braille
2884:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2848:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2788:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2741:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2693:
2678:
2657:
2650:
2632:
2606:
2581:
2574:
2554:
2536:
2511:
2486:
2471:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2271:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2231: queen
2222:
2216:
2207:
2206:
2187:
2181:
2174:
2173:
2154:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2022:
2017:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1836:
1781:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1732:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1714:Call to Prayer
1623:
1618:
1609:
1608:
1548:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1495:
1490:
1461:
1452:
1450:
1444:
1376:sign over the
1316:
1313:
1249:
1043:
1040:
1028:ṣifat al-ḥurūf
1000:
997:
977:, solar), the
974:ash-shamsīyyah
895:Arabic grammar
877:
876:
874:
873:
866:
859:
851:
848:
847:
846:
845:
840:
835:
834:
833:
823:
818:
810:
809:
802:
801:
792:
789:
710:
707:
688:farḍ al-kifāya
678:
675:
605:
602:
464:
463:
461:
460:
453:
446:
438:
435:
434:
433:
432:
427:
419:
418:
415:
414:
409:
404:
399:
393:
389:
388:
387:
384:
383:
380:
379:
374:
368:
364:
363:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
353:
352:
342:
339:
338:
332:
331:
326:
321:
316:
310:
304:
303:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
293:
292:
287:
276:
270:
269:
268:
265:
264:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
231:
225:
219:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
204:
199:
193:
192:
187:
182:
176:
175:
170:
165:
159:
155:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
145:
138:
133:
127:
126:
125:
124:
119:
114:
103:
99:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
89:
84:
79:
74:
68:
67:
63:
62:
56:
55:
54:
53:
51:Asbab al-Nuzul
48:
37:
31:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5812:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5758:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5727:Seven readers
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5680:
5677:
5673:
5668:
5665:
5661:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5639:
5634:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5604:Ibn al-Jazari
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5558:
5554:
5551:
5547:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5520:
5517:
5511:
5506:
5503:
5499:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5480:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5448:
5445:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5357:
5354:
5350:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5333:
5330:
5326:
5321:
5318:
5314:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5285:
5282:
5278:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5261:
5258:
5254:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5208:
5205:
5201:
5196:
5193:
5189:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5172:
5169:
5165:
5160:
5157:
5153:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5120:
5115:
5113:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5087:
5082:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:Prayer hall (
4958:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4900:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4838:
4837:Silent prayer
4835:
4831:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4766:
4765:
4761:Prayer unit (
4759:
4752:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4720:
4719:Tasbih prayer
4717:
4713:
4708:
4705:
4701:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4664:
4656:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4550:
4546:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4455:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4382:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4253:Sini (script)
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4243:Ruqʿah script
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4188:Hijazi script
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4162:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4000:
3996:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3866:Central Asian
3864:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3838:Taʽizzi-Adeni
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3422:
3419:
3417:Traras-Msirda
3416:
3415:
3413:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3004:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:Arabic script
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2713:on 2012-03-23
2712:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2691:, p. 22.
2690:
2689:Nelson (2001)
2685:
2683:
2667:
2666:"Madd sukoon"
2661:
2653:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2594:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2499:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2475:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2445:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Quran reading
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2282:Pronunciation
2280:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2223:
2217:
2209:
2208:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2163: house
2155:
2152:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2021:
2016:
2008:
2006:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1946:reduced vowel
1943:
1941:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:iẓhār shafawī
1881:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1780:
1775:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1679:
1675:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1443:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1322:
1312:
1308:بِسْمِ اللّٰه
1303:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1223:
1216:
1215:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1150:
1148:
1139:
1132:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1034:sound called
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:There are 17
996:
994:
990:
986:
981:
975:
963:
962:al-qamarīyyah
952:
947:
941:
940:
934:
933:
928:
919:
914:
906:
900:
896:
892:
883:
872:
867:
865:
860:
858:
853:
852:
850:
849:
844:
841:
839:
836:
832:
829:
828:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
811:
808:
807:Arabic script
804:
803:
800:
797:
796:
788:
785:
780:
772:
767:
759:
754:
746:
736:
732:
726:
716:
706:
704:
700:
696:
695:
690:
689:
684:
674:
668:
663:الدرة المعنية
660:
656:
652:
651:Ibn al-Jazari
648:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
621:
617:
613:
611:
601:
598:
597:
589:
583:
578:
573:
568:
564:
559:
553:
548:
545:
540:
536:
535:
530:
525:
517:
515:
506:
502:
501:
496:
492:
484:
483:
478:
474:
470:
459:
454:
452:
447:
445:
440:
439:
437:
436:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
421:
420:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
386:
385:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
361:
360:
351:
348:
347:
345:
341:
340:
337:
334:
333:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
307:
301:
300:
291:
288:
286:
283:
282:
281:
278:
277:
273:
267:
266:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
235:
232:
230:
227:
226:
222:
216:
215:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
152:
151:
144:
143:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
128:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
109:
108:
105:
104:
96:
95:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
69:
65:
64:
61:
58:
57:
52:
49:
47:
44:
43:
42:
39:
38:
34:
28:
27:
24:
21:
20:
5711:
5505:Ibn Thaqouan
4987:Prayer call
4970:
4883:Sujud Tilawa
4864:Prostration
4813:
4762:
4443:Woman prayer
4422:
4359:
4299:Windows-1256
4258:Taliq script
4198:Jeli Thuluth
4178:Ajami script
4142:
4110:
4046:Pidgin madam
4033:
4011:
3975:Judeo-Yemeni
3917:Judeo-Arabic
3899:Sociological
3886:
3848:Judeo-Yemeni
3671:Mesopotamian
3546:Libyan koiné
3330:
3323:
3316:Pre-Hilalian
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3238:Proto-Arabic
3236:
2871:Zabūr script
2824:Romanization
2743:
2736:
2715:. Retrieved
2711:the original
2670:. Retrieved
2660:
2641:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2609:
2597:. Retrieved
2591:
2584:
2564:
2557:
2548:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2523:
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2496:
2489:
2474:
2464:September 7,
2462:. Retrieved
2458:the original
2448:
2424:cantillation
2410:
2404:Pronuntiatio
2402:
2263:
2260:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2066:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2009:
2002:
1993:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1937:
1907:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1882:
1862:
1858:
1846:
1838:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1816:
1812:
1804:
1795:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1778:
1768:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1741:ikhfāʼ
1738:
1734:
1729:
1719:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1677:
1673:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1610:
1592:
1589:nasalization
1584:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1535:
1525:
1521:
1509:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1436:
1427:
1415:
1411:
1397:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1340:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1315:Prolongation
1305:
1297:
1289:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1250:
1241:
1236:
1228:
1212:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1172:
1162:
1152:
1144:
1133:
1120:
1116:
1113:velarization
1096:
1088:
1055:
1035:
1027:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1002:
992:
988:
950:
935:followed by
930:
926:
915:
902:
733:
713:The central
712:
698:
694:farḍ al-'ayn
692:
686:
682:
680:
649:
644:
638:
629:
624:
619:
614:
607:
585:in his book
549:
538:
532:
511:
499:
498:
488:
481:
480:
472:
430:Islam portal
319:Hermeneutics
272:Translations
240:
140:
5755: [
5670: [
5658: [
5636: [
5624: [
5612: [
5568: [
5544: [
5508: [
5496: [
5477: [
5438:Abu Nasheet
5426:Al-Isfahani
5359: [
5347: [
5335: [
5323: [
5311: [
5299: [
5287: [
5275: [
5263: [
5251: [
5239: [
5222: [
5210: [
5198: [
5186: [
5174: [
5162: [
5150: [
5003:Salah times
4923:Contentment
4913: [
4908:Reverence (
4878:Sujud Shukr
4873:Sujud Sahwi
4840: [
4828: [
4825:Loud prayer
4804:Recitation
4775:Intention (
4731:Eid prayers
4722: [
4710: [
4707:Fear prayer
4698: [
4695:Need prayer
4686: [
4683:Sick prayer
4653: [
4621: [
4572:Rain prayer
4567:Eid prayers
4538:Eid prayers
4193:Jawi script
4165:Calligraphy
4094:Linguistics
4019:Gulf Pidgin
3935:Judeo-Iraqi
3876:Kashkadarya
3732:Judeo-Iraqi
3657:Palestinian
3568:Nile Valley
3230:Pre-Islamic
2942:Dagger alif
2304:Accusative
2288:Nominative
2194:مُسْتَشْفًى
2190:مُسْتَشْفَى
2079:Damma /-u/
2076:Plural mim
2055:Tanwin /-n/
1786:mīm sākinah
1779:Mīm sākinah
1648:or another
1516:ء ه ع ح غ خ
1465:Nūn sākinah
1455:Nūn sākinah
1414:due to the
1280:, then the
1244:وَالْعَصْرِ
1087:, known as
1019:) letters.
985:assimilated
916:The Arabic
634:recitations
324:Esotericism
202:Eschatology
66:Manuscripts
60:Historicity
5774:Categories
5737:Muqattaʿat
5058:Ablution (
4981:Conditions
4967:Prayer rug
4910:Khouchouâa
4797:Standing (
4080:Literature
3753:Peninsular
3693:Khuzestani
3423:(Mountain)
3343:Australian
3252:Old Arabic
2902:Diacritics
2829:Numerology
2717:2011-06-26
2672:2011-06-02
2651:0879500034
2435:References
2330:/ˈʕam.rin/
2314:/ˈʕam.ran/
2298:/ˈʕam.run/
2251: -
2249:إِنْشَاءَا
2227: -
2201: -
2192: -
2168: -
2159: -
2101:Kasra /-i/
2005:"al-Masad"
1979:"al-Falaq"
1091:mufakhkham
1046:See also:
843:Numeration
826:Diacritics
671:طيبة النشر
641:Al-Shatibi
620:al-Qiraat.
491:recitation
412:Shi’a view
329:Abrogation
142:Muqatta'at
5785:Phonology
5565:Al-Laythi
5560:Al-Kisa'i
5474:Al-Soussi
5134:Qira'ates
5040:Istihadha
4896:Tashahhud
4793:Al-Fatiha
4738:(Ramadan)
4459:mandatory
4370:varieties
4362:indicate
4277:Technical
4248:Shahmukhi
4203:Kairouani
4101:Phonology
3880:Khorasani
3870:Bakhtiari
3722:Anatolian
3652:Jordanian
3632:Damascene
3595:Levantine
3507:Hassaniya
3348:Cottenera
3283:Classical
3222:Varieties
2800:Overviews
2419:Phonetics
2397:Elocution
2320:Genitive
2253:إِنْشَاءً
2170:اَلرَّبُّ
2166:اَلرَّبّْ
2153:Sukūn /∅/
2140:Examples
1906:The five
1857:, with a
1784:The term
1712:) in the
1644:و م ي ل ر
1530:al-Fatiha
1408:al-Fatiha
1368:al-Fatiha
1299:Bismillah
1147:rāʼ
993:ash-shams
968:ألشَّمسية
735:Abu Dawud
699:al-fatiha
529:elocution
397:Criticism
377:Inerrancy
290:Ahmadiyya
100:Divisions
5452:Al-Bazzi
5421:Al-Azraq
5086:Category
5067:Tayammum
4971:sajjādah
4952:Sermon (
4945:Podium (
4857:Bowing (
4635:Tawassul
4613:Tahajjud
4457:Regular
4381:Category
4233:Nastaliq
4223:Muhaqqaq
4213:Maghrebi
4073:Academic
4013:Bimbashi
3969:Tunisene
3940:Baghdadi
3888:Shirvani
3828:Hadhrami
3786:Bahraini
3737:Baghdadi
3688:Baghdadi
3627:Aleppine
3617:Lebanese
3612:Cilician
3585:Sudanese
3575:Egyptian
3456:Hilalian
3414:Western
3392:Eastern
3389:Village
3368:Żurrieqi
3332:Sicilian
3325:Andalusi
3307:Maghrebi
3276:Literary
2928:(tanwin)
2926:Nunation
2812:Alphabet
2807:Language
2794:language
2625:30 March
2599:30 March
2529:30 March
2504:30 March
2429:Santhiya
2354:See also
2342:
2326:
2310:
2294:
2245:
2239:
2229:مَلِكَةٍ
2225:مَلِكَهْ
2085:
2050:Example
1940:Qalqalah
1910:qalqalah
1901:Qalqalah
1763:Al-Falaq
1235:) has a
1191:) has a
1117:muraqqaq
1111:, or by
1109:voicebox
989:al-qamar
956:ألقَمرية
838:Numerals
567:Muhammad
425:Category
407:Quranism
306:Exegesis
190:Parables
185:Miracles
163:Prophets
5707:Tarteel
5577:Al-Duri
5553:Khallad
5524:Shu'bah
5469:Al-Duri
4961:Musalla
4954:Khutbah
4808:Qira'at
4783:Basmala
4764:raka'ah
4736:Tarawih
4640:Chafa'a
4630:Tarawih
4562:Tarawih
4557:Jumu'ah
4511:Jumu'ah
4501:Chafa'a
4492:Maghrib
4461:prayers
4360:Italics
4268:Thuluth
4133:Grammar
4004:pidgins
3999:Creoles
3988:Sanʽani
3873:Bukhara
3833:Sanʽani
3796:Kuwaiti
3791:Emirati
3776:Dhofari
3761:Bahrani
3727:Cypriot
3715:(Qeltu)
3542:Sulaym
3529:Western
3524:Eastern
3402:Sfaxian
3398:(Sahel)
3353:Gozitan
3338:Maltese
2958:Letters
2932:Shaddah
2921:Harakat
2916:Tashkil
2844:Scripts
2817:History
2412:Shiksha
2380:Tarteel
2365:Qira'at
2340:عَمْرْو
2324:عَمْرٍو
2308:عَمْرًو
2292:عَمْرٌو
2221:
2213:
2203:شُكْرًا
2199:شُكْرَا
2186:
2184:ـَا ـَى
2180:
2178:ـًا ـًى
2148:
2064:
2033:
2014:
1996:shaddah
1988:
1972:shaddah
1965:shaddah
1948:sound /
1876:
1859:ghunnah
1833:ghunnah
1823:): the
1819:shaddah
1773:
1755:ghunnah
1724:
1710:Shahada
1698:ghunnah
1678:ghunnah
1674:ghunnah
1656:. With
1615:
1605:Al-Hajj
1587:, i.e.
1585:ghunnah
1540:
1524:with a
1447:Sākinah
1441:
1418:on the
1416:shaddah
1401:shaddah
1310:
1246:
1227: (
1143: (
1099:tafkhīm
943:). The
905:letters
816:History
787:rules.
715:Quranic
655:Qira'at
610:qira'at
604:History
534:Qira'at
493:of the
482:tajweed
390:Related
285:English
258:Qira'at
246:Tarteel
221:Reading
197:Science
180:Legends
173:Animals
156:Content
122:Medinan
33:History
5747:Tanzil
5717:Idjaza
5712:Tajwid
5702:Tilawa
5457:Qunbul
5403:Qāriʾs
5074:Sutrah
5051:Bath (
4947:Minbar
4941:Mihrab
4933:Mosque
4903:Taslim
4820:Tilawa
4814:Tajwid
4788:Takbir
4777:Niyyah
4608:Ishraq
4183:Diwani
4170:Script
4128:(case)
4125:ʾIʿrāb
4111:Tajwid
4056:Bongor
4035:Maridi
3985:Habban
3859:Others
3843:Tihami
3823:Yemeni
3818:Shihhi
3803:Hejazi
3771:Bedawi
3766:Bareqi
3622:Syrian
3580:Saʽidi
3512:Nemadi
3498:Maqil
3396:Sahili
3363:Żejtun
3299:spoken
3297:Modern
2792:Arabic
2648:
2572:
2385:Tilawa
2346:/ʕamr/
2276:/ʕamr/
2161:بَيْتٌ
2157:بَيْتْ
2044:Ending
1867:Al-Fil
1730:Ikhfāʼ
1702:Idghām
1632:idghām
1621:Idghām
1482:tanwīn
1459:tanwīn
1412:maddah
1384:hamzah
1373:maddah
1352:letter
1343:kasrah
1335:ḍammah
1327:fatḥah
1278:kasrah
1237:fatḥah
1201:ḍammah
1197:fatḥah
1193:kasrah
1174:kasrah
1166:ḍammah
1156:fatḥah
1121:tarqīq
897:, and
784:tajwīd
771:Arabic
758:Arabic
753:rattil
745:Arabic
740:tartīl
725:Arabic
720:tartīl
683:tajwīd
667:Arabic
659:Arabic
582:tajwīd
572:tajwīd
558:tajwīd
552:Tajwīd
544:jawada
539:tajwīd
514:tajwīd
505:Arabic
500:tajwīd
477:Qur'an
241:Tajwid
117:Meccan
5759:]
5697:Qāriʾ
5692:Ahruf
5674:]
5662:]
5640:]
5628:]
5616:]
5572:]
5548:]
5512:]
5500:]
5481:]
5433:Qalun
5416:Warsh
5363:]
5351:]
5339:]
5327:]
5315:]
5303:]
5291:]
5279:]
5267:]
5255:]
5243:]
5226:]
5214:]
5202:]
5190:]
5178:]
5166:]
5154:]
5053:Ghusl
5045:Najis
5030:Junub
5014:Qibla
4996:Iqama
4991:Adhan
4917:]
4868:Sujud
4852:Qunut
4844:]
4832:]
4799:Qiyam
4767:) and
4726:]
4714:]
4702:]
4690:]
4657:]
4625:]
4476:Qunut
4424:Salah
4342:Other
4263:Tawqi
4218:Mashq
4208:Kufic
4116:Imāla
4085:Names
4051:Turku
3979:Adeni
3813:Omani
3808:Najdi
3713:North
3703:South
3698:Shawi
3680:Gilit
3644:South
3604:North
3502:Fessi
3421:Jebli
3407:Jijel
3382:Tunis
3377:Urban
3358:Qormi
2967:ʾAlif
2937:Hamza
2909:i‘jām
2440:Notes
2360:Qāriʾ
2003:Sūrat
1977:Sūrat
1956:sukūn
1797:sukun
1696:with
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766:maddā
729:ترتيل
639:Imam
594:Imām
577:Hijra
563:Islam
509:تجويد
495:Quran
372:I'jaz
253:Ahruf
229:Qāriʾ
168:Women
107:Surah
23:Quran
5529:Hafs
5060:Wudu
4859:Ruku
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4002:and
3982:Beda
3954:Wqal
3951:Kjal
3781:Gulf
3129:Ġayn
3120:ʿAyn
2646:ISBN
2627:2020
2601:2020
2570:ISBN
2531:2020
2506:2020
2466:2020
2273:عمرو
2123:Waqf
2020:Waṣl
1688:and
1664:and
1457:and
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1356:alif
1350:madd
1231:ʻayn
1056:The
1050:and
1022:The
1017:mudd
1013:madd
991:and
932:alif
591:was
520:IPA:
314:List
280:List
234:Hifz
136:Juz'
131:Āyah
112:List
41:Waḥy
4487:Asr
4326:864
4321:720
4317:711
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4307:708
4150:IPA
3210:Yāʾ
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3183:Nūn
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3165:Lām
3156:Kāf
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3138:Fāʾ
3111:Ẓāʾ
3102:Ṭāʾ
3093:Ḍād
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3075:Šīn
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2243:ءَا
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1751:/n/
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