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Székely Land

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2607: 3027: 3023: 2556: 2372: 2407: 1943: 364: 2490: 2575: 960: 1903: 2348: 2591: 948: 2090: 2537: 2506: 114: 92: 125: 2393: 1927: 1915: 2245: 972: 2454: 2474: 83: 771: 2439: 2521: 2421: 25: 616:), and governed by imperial governors. In 1848 during the Hungarian revolution and freedom war it was declared the reunion of Hungary proper and Transylvania. The Austrian emperor incited the Romanians and Serbians living in Hungary and Transylvania against the Hungarians, promising them some kind of autonomy. In 1867, as a result of the 1027:
According to the 2011 official census, 570,033 Hungarians (53.22%) live in the counties of Covasna, Harghita and Mureș (out of a total population of 1,071,890 inhabitants). In Mureș county the Romanians have a slight majority (52.6%), while in the counties of Covasna and Harghita, the Hungarians make
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The team's main achievements so far: The Romanian Championship (fifteen times winner): 1949, 1952, 1957, 1960, 1963, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. The Romanian Cup (ten times winner): 1950, 1952, 1995, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2014. Pannonian League (one-time
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the Hungarian population of the Székely Land, with the presence of minorities in political life being repressed. The election of Hungarians was consistently nullified. The place-names were subjected to Romanianization. The minority languages were excised from official life and the local authorities
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Dacian Kingdom led by Decebal the Romanian ancestors, was taken after two wars, in 106 AD by the Roman Empire under the emperor Trajan, who began organizing the new Roman province of Dacia. Southeastern Transylvania was included in the provinces of Dacia Porolissensis, Dacia Apulensis and Meuse and
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The Székely ice hockey team Sport Club of Csíkszereda, with mainly home trained, local players (Székelys), plays simultaneously in the Erste League (Hungarian League) and in the Romanian Ice Hockey Championship. Starting with the 2010/2011 season, the Sport Club ice hockey team participated at the
763:) and Marosvásárhely. Roundups began on 3 May 1944 and were completed within a week. The Hungarian authorities actively participated in the crimes of the Nazis. The Jews ghettoized at Sepsiszentgyörgy were later sent to Szászrégen, whence on 4 June 1944, 3,149 were boarded on a train bound for the 1023:
The population of the historical Székely Land (according to the 2002 census) is 409,000, 312,043 of them Hungarians, accounting for 76.65% of the total. The Hungarians represent 59% of the populations of Harghita, Covasna and Mureș counties. The percentage of Hungarians is higher in Harghita and
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were the traditional self-governing territorial units of the Transylvanian Székelys during medieval times. (Saxons were also organised in seats.) The Seats were not part of the traditional Hungarian county system, and their inhabitants enjoyed a higher level of freedom (especially until the 18th
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through the Armistice Agreement with Romania, and the Romanian-Soviet forces seized the area in Autumn 1944; however, the Romanian administration was expelled from these territories in October due to the activities of the Romanian paramilitary groups created in the area to avenge the atrocities
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The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust. This period is well known for the atrocities committed by the Hungarian army which, when it entered Romania, massacred the Romanians and Saxons indiscriminately, and there are writings and evidence explaining and showing
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defines the country as a "sovereign, independent, unitary and indivisible national state." It has often been argued that, as a result of this provision, any ethnic-based territorial autonomy, including that of the Székely Land, would be unconstitutional.
482:. During this period, Avar and Slavic groups migrated into Transylvania. From around 900 to 1526 the area was under the direct control of the Hungarian state. The Székelys presumably settled in Transylvania in the 12th century from present day 3145:
Sándor Bíró, The Nationalities Problem in Transylvania, 1867–1940: A Social History of the Romanian Minority Under Hungarian Rule, 1867–1918 and of the Hungarian Minority Under Romanian Rule, 1918–1940, Social Science Monographs, 1992, p.
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was created in 1952 under the Soviets' pressure, which encompassed most of the land inhabited by the Székelys. In 1960, the region was renamed to Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. It was abolished in 1968, when Romania, following an
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officially replaced Hungarian in the Székely Land, but Székely county boundaries were preserved, and Székely districts were able to elect their own officials at local level and to preserve Hungarian-language education.
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abolished all the autonomous areas in the Kingdom of Hungary and created a unified system of counties. As a result, the autonomy of the Székely Land came to an end as well. Four counties were created in its place:
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on Facebook. The reactions of the politicians in Bucharest were turbulent. In a response Klemm affirmed that the only two flags that are important to him, as a diplomat, are the U.S. and the Romanian ones.
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by Nazi Germany. A conference devoted to the concentration of Jews in the Székely Land was held on 28 April 1944; it covered the counties of Csík, Háromszék, Maros-Torda and Udvarhely. The area's Jews were
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up the majority (79.6% and 85.9%). The 2011 census compared to the data of the previous census (2002) also shows that the Romanian ethnic ratio in the Székely Land has been decreasing (due to emigration).
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fortified with numerous camps such as those at Inlăceni ( Praetoria Augusta) and Sânpaul (Harghita county) Breţcu (Angustia) and Oltenia (Covasna county) or Brâncoveneşti and Călugăreni (Mureș county).
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and the present-day administrative divisions of Romania are dissimilar. According to Minahan its territory is an estimated 16,943 square kilometres (6,542 sq mi). The autonomy proposal of the
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The majority of the Romanian men's national ice hockey team consist of Székely players. The national team are ranked 28th in the 2010 IIHF World Rankings and currently compete in Division IIA.
3479: 513:. The autonomy was largely due to the military service the Székely provided until the beginning of the 18th century. The medieval Székely Land was an alliance of the seven autonomous Székely 707:
became part of Hungary again; this territory included most of the historical Székely areas. Hungarian authorities subsequently restored the pre-Trianon structure with slight modifications.
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Dacian culture presence in southeastern Transylvania is marked by discoveries such as the flagship hoard Sâncrăieni (Harghita county) or Dacian fortresses in Covasna county (
3304:"Magyar civilek internálása 1944 őszén Romániában, Hungarian Civilians' Relocation in the Autumn of 1944 in Romania. The Death Camp from Feldioara in the Collective Memory)" 1926: 1914: 263:. The self-governing Székely seats had their own administrative system, and existed as legal entities from medieval times until the 1870s. The privileges of the Székely and 2261: 873:
efforts, a large number of ethnic Romanians settled in the Székely Land. Those Székely Hungarians who possessed degrees were subjected to resettlement. In March 1990,
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In 2002 the estimated ethnic composition of the Székely Land (Mureș, Covasna and Harghita counties) consisted of Hungarians (66%), Romanians (29%), Germans (1%) and
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is the home for the largest community of Hungarians in Romania (60,669 in 2011), but the town itself has a Romanian majority (69,702 out of 134,290 inhabitants).
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in Budapest and discussed the issues of minority rights and regional autonomy. Băsescu stated "The Hungarian minority will never be given territorial autonomy."
582:(Odorheiu Secuiesc) were held many national assemblies of the Székelys A known exception is the 1554 assembly, which took place at Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureș) 3366: 270: 3199: 2979: 2715: 2489: 628: 3426: 2590: 3282: 1960: 936:, together with other local officials, were pictured with a Székely flag during his visit to the Székely Land. The photo was posted by the mayor of 2363: 2257: 899:
was founded in Miercurea Ciuc. It is an organization aimed at organizing the ethnic Romanian population in the counties that compose Székely Land.
959: 3452: 2680:(Eric Markusen, David Kopf, The Holocaust and strategic bombing: genocide and total war in the twentieth century, Westview Press, 1995, p. 116) 337:
consists of about 13,000 km. This size is close to the extent of the historical Székely Land. However, it does not contain the region of
3564: 2814:, Cambridge University Press, 2012, p. 210 Cited: "Székely, a Hungarian sub-group that is concentrated in the mountainous Hungarian enclave" 307:, with Târgu-Mureș as capital, parts of the Székely Land enjoyed a certain level of autonomy between 8 September 1952 and 16 February 1968. 3086: 2574: 605: 599: 595: 510: 3643:
COMUNICAT DE PRESĂ 24 august 2012 privind rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populaţiei şi al Locuinţelor – 2011 în judeţul Mureş
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The Supreme Council of National Defence of Romania declared that an autonomy of the so-called Székely Land would be unconstitutional.
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The exact territory of the present-day Székely Land is not disputed. The boundaries of the historical Székely does not exist legally
296:. Northern Transylvania came under the control of Soviet and Romanian forces in 1944, and were confirmed as part of Romania by the 2536: 783:
committed by the Hungarians against the Romanians during the Hungarian rule in Northern Transylvania. For instance, the so-called
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From the 12th and 13th centuries, the Székely Land enjoyed a considerable but varying amount of autonomy, first as a part of the
2453: 514: 498: 329: 267: 46: 33: 3541: 947: 3355:, Linguistic Diversity and Social Justice: An Introduction to Applied Sociolinguistics, Oxford University Press, 2016, p. 101 3267: 2921: 767:. Three transports left Marosvásáhely for Auschwitz: on 27 May, 30 May and 8 June 1944; altogether, they carried 7,549 Jews. 3190: 3608: 3406: 3313:, Hungarians from Transylvania in Soviet Captivity between 1945 and 1953 – Lectures, Exhibitions at Sapientia University – 3116: 2406: 3394: 2945: 2473: 2036: 933: 812: 738:
However, despite discrimination and many casualties, most of the community lived in relative safety until the March 1944
617: 142: 3649: 3534:"Proiectul de autonomie a "Ţinutului secuiesc" – iniţiativă separatistă sau un pas pe calea unei reale autonomii locale" 3923: 3765: 3303: 874: 668: 3069: 3222: 3126: 3063: 3007: 2892: 2865: 2835: 2792: 2756: 64: 2969:"A romániai modell sajátosságai: a Magyar Autonóm Tartomány. A Ceauşescu- féle modell és a román államnacionalizmus" 2505: 2178: 1970: 1050: 937: 756: 473: 354: 256: 918: 744: 3875: 2968: 787:
terrorized the Székely villages, butchered the local Hungarians by axe and hatchet and operated a death camp in
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defeated the Huns and founded Gepidia in the territory of present-day Transylvania. This marked the end of the
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Due to the Ottoman conquest Transylvania became a semi-independent polity. From the end of the 17th century,
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War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia
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Székely National Museum (Muzeul Național Secuiesc/Székely Nemzeti Múzeum), Sfântu Gheorghe/Sepsiszentgyörgy
764: 233: 3648:(Report) (in Romanian). National Institute of Statistics (Romania). 2012-08-24. p. 14. Archived from 311: 1017: 675:
to found a "Székely republic" on 9 January 1919; however, its creation was unsuccessful. In 1920, by the
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Ethnic map of Harghita, Covasna, and Mureș based on the 2011 data, showing areas with Hungarian majority
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Ethnic map of Harghita, Covasna, and Mureș based on the 2002 data, showing areas with Hungarian majority
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Ethnic map of Harghita, Covasna, and Mureș based on the 1992 data, showing areas with Hungarian majority
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Székely Museum of Ciuc (Muzeul Secuiesc al Ciucului/Csíki Székely Múzeum), Miercurea-Ciuc/Csíkszereda
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Nicolae Edroiu, Vasile Pușcaș, The Hungarians of Romania, Fundația Culturală Română, 1996, p. 27
3094: 795:" by the Soviets. The USSR let the Romanian authorities back to the area in March 1945, and the 100: 3695: 3217:. Vol. 3: Seredina-Buda - Z. New York, New York: New York University Press. p. 1289. 2780: 2420: 2392: 146: 132: 3629: 3257: 2909: 2825: 2746: 2701: 2617: 774:
The Székely Land as envisaged by the autonomy supporters based on the historical Székely seats
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Protestantism and Politics in Eastern Europe and Russia: The Communist and Postcommunist Eras
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Ancient Hungarian legends suggest a connection between the Székelys and Attila's Huns. The
264: 180: 42: 2978:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Gondolat Kiadó — MTA Kisebbségkutató Intézet. pp. 246–249. 2511: 889: 866: 723:), dozens of families were rounded up and expelled. The men in the area were drafted into 8: 3590: 816: 735:) were conscripted between 1941 and 1944; over half died in Ukraine, Poland and Hungary. 728: 700: 285: 672: 579: 3340:
Plural Societies, Volume 18, Foundation for the Study of Plural Societies., 1988, p. 71
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Bogdan C. Iacob, History of Communism in Europe vol. 3 / 2012, Zeta Books, 2012, p. 53
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The Population of Covasna and Harghita Counties. Aspects of Interethnic Co-Existence
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Between States: The Transylvanian Question and the European Idea during World War II
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Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World
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The contemporary building of the Târgu Mureș National Theatre inaugurated in 1973
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Covasna (84.8% and 73.58% respectively), and lower in Mureș County, (38.82%).
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The New European Diasporas: National Minorities and Conflict in Eastern Europe
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The main seat was Udvarhely seat, which was also called the Principal seat (
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Brubaker, Rogers; Feischmidt, Margit; Fox, Jon; Grancea, Liana (2006).
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University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș
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with the aim to obtain self-governance for this region within Romania.
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The New Hungarian Quarterly, Volumes 31–32, Corvina Press, 1990, p. 34
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A székely nemesség kialakulásának folyamata a 17. század első felében
2860:. Translated by DeKornfeld, Thomas J. Corvinus Society. p. 195. 2249: 2123:
The following is a list of the most known high schools of each city:
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in Târgu Mureș, established in 1949 (Hungarian and Romanian sections)
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appeared in Transylvania in the La Tène period (c. 4th century BC).
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Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town
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Ethnic Struggle, Coexistence, and Democratization in Eastern Europe
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Present-day counties of Harghita, Covasna, and Mureș within Romania
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from the east pressured most of the German tribes to leave. In the
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came to power in 1965. For the next couple of decades, due to the
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is the continuator of the Székely Theater established in 1946 by
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The Remote Borderland: Transylvania in the Hungarian Imagination
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On 12 September 1944, the Second Vienna Award was voided by the
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from the East in the first half of the first millennium BC. The
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Following the Northern Transylvania's return to Romania after
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The historical Székely seats on the map of present-day Romania
419: 3240: 2974:. In Nándor, Bárdi; Fedinec, Csilla; Szarka, László (eds.). 921:
had a joint autonomy proposal for the Székely Land, but the
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were abolished and seats were replaced with counties in 1876
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Székelys (or Szeklers) live in the valleys and hills of the
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and that year it won its first Erste League title as well.
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have the Romanian language as their medium of instruction.
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Civic Forum of the Romanians of Covasna, Harghita and Mureș
449: 397: 342: 3901: 2938:"The Armistice Agreement with Rumania; September 12, 1944" 2887:. Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 33. 3766:"Oktatási intézmények - Gyergyószentmiklós - Gheorgheni" 229:(Marosvásárhely), the largest settlement in the region. 2314:
Traditional Székely handicrafts (pottery, wood carving)
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Important centers of the Székely Land are Târgu-Mureș (
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originally belonged to the Székely Land.) The isolated
3884: 3836:"Csíkszeredai Sportklub – A Short Historical Overview" 1963:; it has two language sections, Hungarian and Romanian 965:
Hungarian autonomous provinces under the Communist era
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officially returned Northern Transylvania to Romania.
3058:(in Hungarian). Kolozsvár: Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület. 2857:
Autonomies in Hungary and Europe: A Comparative Study
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winner): 2004. Erste League (one-time winner): 2011.
213:) is a historic and ethnographic area in present-day 3710:"Domokos Kázmér Óvoda, Gimnázium és Szakközépiskola" 3245:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 80. 3200:
International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
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Nations, Identity, Power: The New Politics of Europe
547:. The number of seats later decreased to five, when 559:seats were united into one territorial unit called 667:, Romanian delegates from throughout Transylvania 478:The territory of the Székely Land was part of the 3666: 875:the city of Târgu Mureș witnessed violent clashes 3910: 839:covers more or less the territory of the former 696:were mostly led by appointed ethnic Romanians. 292:, including the Székely Land, were returned to 3630:Minority politics within the Europe of regions 3367:"Kosovo's Actions Hearten a Hungarian Enclave" 3283:FBIS Daily Report: East Europe, Issues 159–169 877:between ethnic Romanian and Hungarian groups. 691:After 1930, the Romanian authorities began to 192: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3152: 711:'s antisemitic laws, the Romanian version of 276:Along with Transylvania and eastern parts of 16:Historical and ethnographic region of Romania 3262:. Stanford University Press. pp. 285–. 3212:Spector, Shmuel, ed. (2001). "Targu-Mures". 2976:Kisebbségi Magyar Közösségek a 20. Században 2806: 2804: 2702:A Social History of Twentieth-Century Europe 791:. This paramilitary group was described as " 502:century) than those living in the counties. 3236: 3234: 3002:. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). Cluj: Dacia. 1090:Source: National Institute of Statistics - 3255: 3162: 3149: 3079: 2119:(2001) (in Târgu Mureș and Miercurea Ciuc) 1950: 793:a band of terrorist-chauvinistic criminals 284:. In August 1940, as a consequence of the 236:, corresponding mostly to the present-day 3348: 3346: 3285:, Issues 159–169, The Service, 1988, p. 6 3176: 3174: 2910:"Romanian Campaign in Hungary, 1944–1945" 2801: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2744: 1073: 65:Learn how and when to remove this message 3249: 3231: 2713: 2243: 2088: 1983:Târgu Mureș State Philharmonic Orchestra 1941: 982: 769: 600:Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867) 596:Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) 362: 112: 3808:"Iskolák, óvodák, oktatási intézmények" 3597: 3297: 3211: 2966: 2778: 2696: 2694: 953:Traditional Székely Land (19th century) 902:On 2 February 2009, Romanian President 255:denoted the territories of a number of 143:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 3911: 3752:"Csíkszereda Városháza › Iskolák" 3605:"Rezultatele recensământului din 2011" 3591:"Maros (Mureș) - statisztikai adatlap" 3562: 3514:from the original on 23 September 2016 3459:from the original on 19 September 2016 3427:"World protests back Székely autonomy" 3364: 3343: 3183:The Holocaust in Northern Transylvania 3171: 3114: 3048: 2853: 2765: 2311:(treatment against allergy and asthma) 2239: 467: 414:. The area received a large influx of 3544:from the original on 21 December 2015 3030:from the original on 12 December 2021 2995: 2880: 2823: 1097: 1075:Romania according to ethnic group in 727:. For example, 1,200 Jewish males of 663:In December 1918, in the wake of the 375: 225:. Its cultural centre is the city of 174: 3902:Kézdi.Infó Digital Community Service 3477: 3445: 2907: 2691: 2386:originally built in the 12th century 1977:Ariel Theatre for Children and Youth 669:voted to join the Kingdom of Romania 290:northern territories of Transylvania 18: 3526: 3024:""capitalis sedes" – Cutare Google" 2726:from the original on 11 August 2017 2714:Montague, James (6 February 2013). 2707: 934:United States Ambassador to Romania 925:also possessed its own suggestion. 13: 3929:Historical regions of Transylvania 3198:, part of the Final Report of the 2948:from the original on July 10, 2011 2824:Ramet, Sabrina Petra, ed. (1992). 2149:Cristuru-Secuiesc/Székelykeresztúr 2143:Odorheiu-Secuiesc/Székelyudvarhely 14: 3940: 3861: 3395:Manifesto of the Szekely Assembly 3163:Mandelbaum, Michael, ed. (2000). 2039:(Hungarian and Romanian sections) 2033:(Hungarian and Romanian sections) 1999:Csíki Játékszín Municipal Theatre 648:. (Only half of the territory of 3075:from the original on 2013-10-29. 2985:from the original on 2013-10-29. 2605: 2589: 2573: 2554: 2535: 2519: 2504: 2488: 2472: 2452: 2437: 2419: 2405: 2391: 2370: 2346: 2339: 2179:Sfântu-Gheorghe/Sepsiszentgyörgy 1925: 1913: 1901: 970: 958: 946: 819:. Roughly speaking, present-day 429:) or Jigodin (Harghita county). 312:territorial autonomy initiatives 123: 90: 81: 23: 3846:from the original on 2017-09-29 3828: 3814: 3800: 3786: 3772: 3758: 3744: 3730: 3716: 3702: 3688: 3635: 3622: 3611:from the original on 2020-05-09 3583: 3556: 3500: 3489:from the original on 2016-09-23 3471: 3419: 3399: 3388: 3377:from the original on 2013-05-24 3365:Kulish, Nicholas (2008-04-07). 3358: 3334: 3325: 3316: 3288: 3276: 3205: 3139: 3108: 3042: 3016: 2989: 2960: 2930: 2232:represents the Székely Land in 2132:Unirea, Alexandru Papiu Ilirian 1125: 1096: 1072: 3696:"Marosvásárhely Info: Iskolák" 3455:. abcnews. 14 September 2016. 2901: 2874: 2847: 2817: 2751:. London: Hurst. p. 404. 2738: 2673: 2596:Székely flag flying above the 2111:Târgu Mureș University of Arts 847:is mostly part of present-day 406:Transylvania was populated by 1: 3632:, Editura ISPMN, 2014, p. 205 3628:Horváth István, Tonk Márton, 2912:. In Hall, Richard C. (ed.). 2684: 2598:Hungarian Parliament Building 2214:championships under the name 2189:Târgu-Secuiesc/Kézdivásárhely 2164:Gheorgheni/Gyergyószentmiklós 2019: 1020:within present-day Romania. 998: 884:, many hoped that the former 629:general administrative reform 585: 474:History of the Székely people 355:History of the Székely people 2364:UNESCO's World Heritage List 2145:: Tamási Áron, Benedek Elek 2084: 1957:Târgu Mureș National Theatre 906:met the Hungarian President 765:Auschwitz concentration camp 699:In 1940, as a result of the 511:Principality of Transylvania 495:origin of the Székely people 317: 234:Eastern Carpathian Mountains 7: 3415:(in Romanian). 4 June 2005. 3115:Zoltán, Szász, ed. (2002). 2624: 618:Austro-Hungarian Compromise 324:List of Székely settlements 300:signed after World War II. 10: 3945: 3780:"Instituții de învățământ" 2745:Schöpflin, George (2002). 2661:Székely Land football team 2499:tool from the Székely Land 2479:A typical Székely gate in 2444:Mountains surrounding the 2275:), a major Roman Catholic 2230:Székely Land football team 2155:Miercurea Ciuc/Csíkszereda 2128:Târgu-Mureş/Marosvásárhely 2043: 1937: 1002: 671:. There was an attempt in 589: 471: 379: 367:The Székely flag flown in 352: 348: 321: 3924:Geography of Transylvania 3256:Holly Case (5 May 2009). 2999:Voievodatul Transilvaniei 2967:Bottoni, Stefano (2008). 2704:, Routledge, 2013, p. 411 2024: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1829: 1750: 1671: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1597: 1518: 1439: 1432: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1365: 1286: 1207: 1200: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 855:is today divided between 592:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom 3885:Szekler National Council 3202:, at the Yad Vashem site 2908:Kane, Robert B. (2014). 2666: 2651:Szekler National Council 2636:Magyar Autonomous Region 2562:Alexander Csoma de Kőrös 2467:town in the Székely Land 2264:count fortified churches 2208: 923:Szekler National Council 886:Magyar Autonomous Region 808:Magyar Autonomous Region 335:Szekler National Council 305:Magyar Autonomous Region 257:autonomous Székely seats 37:may need to be rewritten 3118:History of Transylvania 3091:Encyclopædia Britannica 2779:Minahan, James (2002). 1951:Theatres and orchestras 1013:(4%). The area forms a 831:, the latter including 823:encompasses the former 725:forced labor battalions 448:. The migration of the 3738:"Oktatási intézmények" 3724:"Oktatási Intézmények" 3049:Balogh, Judit (2005). 2996:Pascu, Ștefan (1972). 2881:Kürti, László (2001). 2854:Hévizi, Józsa (2005). 2716:"Symbol of a Struggle" 2377:St. Stephen chapel of 2252: 2094: 1947: 775: 575: 497:is still debated. The 372: 217:, inhabited mainly by 210: 202: 193: 188: 183:: 𐲥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗𐳌𐳖𐳞𐳇; 167: 131:This article contains 118: 3510:. 16 September 2016. 2810:Sherrill Stroschein, 2631:Hungarians in Romania 2247: 2197:: Kőrösi Csoma Sándor 2101:in Târgu Mureș (1802) 2093:Teleki-Bolyai Library 2092: 2009:Tomcsa Sándor Theatre 1989:Figura Stúdió Theatre 1985:, established in 1950 1973:, established in 1948 1945: 989:Romanian Constitution 983:Constitutional issues 919:Hungarian Civic Party 813:administrative reform 773: 740:occupation of Hungary 705:Northern Transylvania 656:became a district of 382:Celts in Transylvania 366: 359:Hungarians in Romania 251:Originally, the name 248:counties in Romania. 176:[ˈseːkɛjføld] 116: 3412:Basilica News Agency 2354:The fortified church 2248:Fortified church of 2117:Sapientia University 1087:(Censuses 1930–2021) 895:On 4 June 2005, the 843:; and what was once 797:Paris Peace Treaties 298:Paris Peace Treaties 2618:Székely Freedom Day 2526:Salt-water lake in 2362:Székelyderzs is on 2262:20 Székely villages 2240:Tourist attractions 1967:Tamási Áron Theatre 1070: 701:Second Vienna Award 608:became part of the 468:The medieval period 286:Second Vienna Award 3890:2020-12-30 at the 3878:2016-04-22 at the 3873:Szeklerland Portal 3371:The New York Times 3309:2019-01-30 at the 2942:The Avalon Project 2720:The New York Times 2267:Baroque church at 2258:fortified churches 2253: 2170:Topliţa/Maroshévíz 2095: 1948: 1069: 880:After the fall of 785:Iuliu Maniu Guards 776: 681:Kingdom of Romania 509:, then inside the 507:Kingdom of Hungary 456:the East Germanic 436:After the fall of 376:The ancient period 373: 119: 3269:978-0-8047-8755-0 2923:978-1-61069-031-7 2612:Demonstration in 2495:Decorated wooden 2130:: Bolyai Farkas, 2070:(Sfântu Gheorghe) 2037:Radio Târgu Mureș 2013:Odorheiu Secuiesc 1896: 1895: 1059:Odorheiu Secuiesc 987:Article 1 of the 890:Nicolae Ceauşescu 867:Nicolae Ceaușescu 780:Allied Commission 685:Romanian language 677:Treaty of Trianon 610:Habsburg monarchy 282:Treaty of Trianon 139:rendering support 75: 74: 67: 47:lead layout guide 3936: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3851: 3840:www.sportclub.ro 3832: 3826: 3825: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3790: 3784: 3783: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3734: 3728: 3727: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3661: 3660: 3654: 3647: 3639: 3633: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3616: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3571:on 16 April 2013 3567:. 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C. Tăslăuanu 2157:: Márton Áron, 2139::Domokos Kázmér 2087: 2046: 2031:TVR Târgu Mureș 2027: 2022: 1971:Sfântu Gheorghe 1953: 1940: 1933: 1930: 1921: 1918: 1909: 1906: 1897: 1089: 1051:Sfântu Gheorghe 1007: 1001: 985: 978: 975: 966: 963: 954: 951: 938:Sfântu Gheorghe 888:, abolished by 871:Romanianization 821:Harghita County 761:Sfântu Gheorghe 665:First World War 622:Austria-Hungary 614:Austrian Empire 602: 588: 576:Capitalis Sedes 476: 470: 454:Battle of Nedao 427:Cetatea Zânelor 404: 378: 361: 351: 326: 320: 303:Under the name 244:, and parts of 211:Terra Siculorum 171: 152: 151: 150: 137:Without proper 128: 124: 111: 110: 109: 108: 107:of the Székelys 97: 96: 95: 87: 86: 71: 60: 54: 51: 40: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3942: 3932: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3882: 3870: 3868:Székely Anthem 3863: 3862:External links 3860: 3857: 3856: 3827: 3813: 3799: 3785: 3771: 3757: 3743: 3729: 3715: 3701: 3687: 3665: 3634: 3621: 3596: 3582: 3555: 3525: 3499: 3470: 3444: 3418: 3398: 3387: 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2166:: Salamon Ernő 2161: 2152: 2151:: Orbán Balázs 2146: 2140: 2137:Sovata/Szováta 2134: 2121: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2099:Teleki Library 2086: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2078:Târgu Secuiesc 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2040: 2034: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2006: 2003:Miercurea Ciuc 1996: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1964: 1952: 1949: 1939: 1936: 1935: 1934: 1931: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1900: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1863: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1833: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1670: 1662: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1631: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1601: 1595: 1594: 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Rádió 2072: 2069: 2066: 2064:(Târgu Mureș) 2063: 2060: 2058:(Târgu Mureș) 2057: 2054: 2052:(Târgu Mureș) 2051: 2048: 2047: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2014: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1944: 1928: 1923: 1916: 1911: 1904: 1899: 1898: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1669: 1668: 1663: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 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Klemm 926: 924: 920: 916: 913:In 2014, the 911: 909: 908:László Sólyom 905: 900: 898: 893: 891: 887: 883: 878: 876: 872: 868: 864: 862: 858: 854: 851:. 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Retrieved 2719: 2709: 2700:Béla Tomka, 2677: 2674: 2564:' statue in 2512:Kürtőskalács 2399:Lázár Castle 2272: 2269:Șumuleu Ciuc 2260:– more than 2227: 2224: 2220: 2212: 2202: 2200: 2191:: Nagy Mózes 2182: 2173: 2158: 2131: 2122: 2073: 2067: 2061: 2055: 2008: 1998: 1988: 1976: 1966: 1961:Miklós Tompa 1866: 1835: 1830: 1751: 1672: 1665: 1634: 1603: 1598: 1519: 1440: 1433: 1402: 1371: 1366: 1287: 1208: 1201: 1074: 1062: 1054: 1046: 1038: 1036: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1008: 994: 986: 927: 912: 901: 894: 879: 865: 849:Mureș County 804:World War II 801: 792: 784: 777: 760: 752: 737: 732: 720: 698: 690: 662: 626: 606:Transylvania 603: 569: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 504: 492: 477: 441: 435: 431: 424: 405: 339:Aranyos Seat 327: 309: 302: 275: 261:Transylvania 253:Székely Land 252: 250: 231: 159: 156:Székely Land 155: 153: 130: 105:coat of arms 61: 52: 41:Please help 36: 34:lead section 3682:INS Romania 2641:Csángó Land 2413:Mikó Castle 2318:Mikó Castle 2289:Carpathians 2068:Sepsi Rádió 1092:INS Romania 1047:Csíkszereda 1032:Târgu Mureș 853:Aranyosszék 845:Maros-Torda 833:Gyergyószék 733:Târgu Mureș 717:Csíkszereda 709:Ion Gigurtu 693:Romanianize 654:Aranyosszék 650:Maros-Torda 646:Maros-Torda 627:In 1876, a 565:Three seats 563:(literally 438:Roman Dacia 390:Roman Dacia 227:Târgu Mureș 203:Szeklerland 168:Székelyföld 160:Szeklerland 149:characters. 3913:Categories 3850:2017-09-29 3794:"Líceumok" 3659:2015-04-04 3615:2015-04-04 3493:2016-09-22 3478:AGERPRES. 3381:2008-04-08 3101:2008-06-26 2781:"Szeklers" 2730:21 October 2685:References 2600:, Budapest 2543:Áron Gábor 2309:Salt mines 2277:pilgrimage 2273:Csíksomlyó 2062:Radio GaGa 2020:Mass media 1993:Gheorgheni 1203:Hungarians 999:Population 863:counties. 749:Szászrégen 745:ghettoized 590:See also: 586:Modern era 490:counties. 472:See also: 380:See also: 353:See also: 322:See also: 310:There are 223:Hungarians 172:pronounced 3822:"Főoldal" 3575:10 August 3437:10 August 3034:10 August 2952:April 10, 2568:/Kovászna 2250:Aita Mare 2201:Those in 2085:Education 2056:Erdély FM 2050:Erdély TV 1435:Romanians 1015:Hungarian 928:In 2016, 882:communism 841:Háromszék 825:Udvarhely 789:Feldioara 673:Udvarhely 638:Háromszék 634:Udvarhely 561:Háromszék 519:Udvarhely 444:Gutthiuda 416:Scythians 394:Thervingi 318:Geography 164:Hungarian 3888:Archived 3876:Archived 3844:Archived 3609:Archived 3542:Archived 3512:Archived 3487:Archived 3457:Archived 3375:Archived 3307:Archived 3215:genocide 3070:Archived 3028:Archived 2980:Archived 2946:Archived 2724:Archived 2625:See also 2614:Budapest 2530:/Szováta 2446:Red Lake 2379:Sânzieni 2256:Székely 1660:328,786 1593:252,400 1428:530,615 1361:165,014 1190:Harghita 1181:Harghita 1172:Harghita 1163:Harghita 1154:Harghita 1145:Harghita 1136:Harghita 1127:Harghita 1077:Harghita 1005:Székelys 917:and the 817:counties 660:county. 369:Kurultáj 238:Harghita 219:Székelys 194:Secuimea 185:Romanian 55:May 2022 2646:Partium 2616:on the 2566:Covasna 2549:/Bereck 2497:weaving 2481:Remetea 2294:Mofette 2044:Private 1938:Culture 1892:59,315 1825:44,880 1657:361,589 1654:407,035 1651:421,075 1648:380,947 1645:343,757 1642:300,830 1639:240,768 1584:277,372 1575:309,375 1566:317,541 1557:297,205 1548:278,386 1539:243,720 1530:185,367 1425:609,033 1422:668,471 1419:723,257 1416:701,958 1413:639,033 1410:613,563 1407:510,566 1358:133,444 1355:232,157 1352:200,858 1349:150,468 1346:257,707 1343:228,275 1340:164,158 1337:276,038 1334:252,651 1331:175,502 1328:295,104 1325:268,251 1322:156,120 1319:277,587 1316:249,675 1313:140,472 1310:248,886 1307:231,875 1304:136,388 1301:245,300 1298:176,990 1295:116,961 1292:216,615 1193:Covasna 1184:Covasna 1175:Covasna 1166:Covasna 1157:Covasna 1148:Covasna 1139:Covasna 1130:Covasna 1081:Covasna 1057:), and 612:(later 544:Aranyos 410:in the 371:in 2014 349:History 294:Hungary 259:within 242:Covasna 215:Romania 3266:  3221:  3125:  3062:  3006:  2920:  2891:  2864:  2834:  2791:  2755:  2547:Bretcu 2528:Sovata 2432:Korond 2428:Corund 2358:Dârjiu 2296:, spas 2234:ConIFA 2203:italic 2113:(1946) 2107:(1945) 2025:Public 2015:(1998) 2005:(1998) 1995:(1990) 1889:60,540 1886:50,233 1883:41,266 1880:26,769 1877:14,257 1874:18,768 1871:23,226 1816:46,947 1807:40,425 1798:34,798 1789:20,019 1780:11,402 1771:13,804 1762:17,444 1667:Romani 1629:35.71 1590:42,752 1587:33,634 1581:45,021 1578:39,196 1572:51,790 1569:45,870 1563:54,586 1560:48,948 1554:38,948 1551:44,794 1545:34,099 1542:31,272 1536:31,416 1533:25,694 1527:30,405 1524:24,996 1514:54.42 1397:57.63 1282:35.58 1196:Mureș 932:, the 753:Reghin 683:. The 644:, and 598:, and 458:Gepids 402:Gepids 400:, and 341:. The 199:German 3653:(PDF) 3646:(PDF) 3548:8 May 3194:(PDF) 3187:(PDF) 3073:(PDF) 3056:(PDF) 2983:(PDF) 2972:(PDF) 2667:Notes 2209:Sport 1861:6.44 1831:Total 1822:9,507 1819:4,928 1813:8,267 1810:5,326 1804:5,973 1801:3,835 1795:2,641 1792:3,827 1786:3,522 1783:3,228 1777:1,465 1774:1,390 1768:3,450 1765:1,514 1759:3,080 1756:2,702 1746:9.68 1626:34.98 1623:36.05 1620:35.34 1617:33.69 1614:33.68 1611:31.35 1608:29.07 1599:Total 1511:22.99 1508:12.41 1505:52.60 1502:22.06 1499:12.96 1496:53.27 1493:23.29 1490:14.07 1487:52.05 1484:23.40 1481:14.05 1478:49.10 1475:19.57 1472:13.73 1469:49.57 1466:19.28 1463:11.07 1460:47.49 1457:18.21 1451:43.55 1448:19.94 1394:58.91 1391:59.20 1388:60.70 1385:62.08 1382:62.60 1379:63.94 1376:61.65 1367:Total 1279:71.77 1276:85.67 1273:38.09 1270:73.74 1267:85.21 1264:39.31 1261:73.82 1258:84.65 1255:41.42 1252:75.24 1249:84.72 1246:44.31 1243:78.45 1240:85.07 1237:44.46 1234:79.43 1231:88.14 1228:45.18 1225:79.07 1222:89.55 1219:41.59 1216:76.69 1213:86.61 1187:Mureș 1178:Mureș 1169:Mureș 1160:Mureș 1151:Mureș 1142:Mureș 1133:Mureș 1122:2021 1085:Mureș 578:) At 572:Latin 557:Orbai 553:Kézdi 549:Sepsi 539:Orbai 535:Kézdi 531:Sepsi 527:Maros 515:seats 488:Bihor 484:Bihar 420:Celts 330:seats 268:seats 265:Saxon 246:Mureș 207:Latin 135:text. 3577:2015 3550:2016 3520:2016 3465:2016 3439:2015 3264:ISBN 3219:ISBN 3146:486. 3123:ISBN 3060:ISBN 3036:2015 3004:ISBN 2954:2015 2918:ISBN 2889:ISBN 2862:ISBN 2832:ISBN 2789:ISBN 2753:ISBN 2732:2015 2279:site 2228:The 1858:5.86 1855:4.45 1852:3.46 1849:2.37 1846:1.40 1843:1.96 1840:2.80 1743:5.11 1740:1.82 1737:8.90 1734:4.05 1731:1.76 1728:6.96 1725:2.69 1722:1.18 1719:5.70 1716:1.13 1713:1.10 1710:3.31 1707:1.77 1704:0.99 1701:2.03 1698:0.83 1695:0.49 1692:2.69 1689:2.00 1686:0.55 1683:4.10 1680:2.02 1677:1.08 1454:9.38 1445:9.99 1119:2011 1116:2002 1113:1992 1110:1977 1107:1966 1104:1956 1101:1930 1083:and 1011:Roma 915:UDMR 861:Alba 859:and 857:Cluj 829:Csík 827:and 806:, a 642:Csík 555:and 541:and 523:Csík 486:and 450:Huns 398:Huns 357:and 343:UDMR 154:The 103:and 101:Flag 3538:BBC 2356:of 2011:in 2001:in 1991:in 1969:in 1867:Pop 1752:Pop 1635:Pop 1520:Pop 1403:Pop 1288:Pop 1065:). 1049:), 1041:), 755:), 747:in 567:). 517:of 158:or 3915:: 3842:. 3838:. 3676:. 3607:. 3540:. 3536:. 3485:. 3409:. 3373:. 3369:. 3345:^ 3233:^ 3173:^ 3151:^ 3089:. 3068:. 3026:. 2944:. 2940:. 2840:. 2803:^ 2783:. 2767:^ 2722:. 2718:. 2693:^ 2672:1. 2302:, 2172:: 1079:, 835:; 703:, 640:, 636:, 624:. 594:, 574:: 551:, 537:, 533:, 529:, 525:, 521:, 464:. 396:, 392:, 388:, 384:, 288:, 273:. 240:, 209:: 205:; 201:: 197:; 187:: 179:, 170:, 166:: 3853:. 3824:. 3810:. 3796:. 3782:. 3768:. 3754:. 3740:. 3726:. 3712:. 3698:. 3684:. 3662:. 3618:. 3593:. 3579:. 3552:. 3522:. 3496:. 3467:. 3441:. 3384:. 3272:. 3227:. 3104:. 3038:. 3012:. 2956:. 2926:. 2897:. 2870:. 2797:. 2761:. 2734:. 2462:/ 2430:/ 2381:/ 2360:/ 2271:( 2080:) 2076:( 1836:% 1673:% 1604:% 1441:% 1372:% 1209:% 1061:( 1053:( 1045:( 759:( 751:( 731:( 719:( 446:" 442:" 162:( 68:) 62:( 57:) 53:( 49:. 39:.

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