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and must not be heeded to. However, Swayamprabhasuri stayed determined on his point and a lengthy debate followed. Swayamprabhasuri emerged victorious in the debate and King
Jayasen, along with 90000 households of the town turned towards non-violence and eventually,
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clan was flying above him. The latter halted to hear the sermon. The soft-hearted king was moved by the sermon and he expressed his will to become
Swayamprabhasuri's disciple. He renounced his kingdom and consecrated his son,
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sect agree upon this account and describe him as one of the first few Jain monks to visit
Rajasthan. Following is a brief scriptural account of the establishment of the
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Scriptures describing his life mention that he headed the congregation of 'several thousands' of ascetics (which is said to have been only
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965:) always maintained its unique identity until its extinction in and around 1930 AD. Swayamprabhasuri was the successor of
1204:. The king welcomed him and asked about the reason for his visit. Swayamprabhasuri clearly stated the Jain principle of "
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Upon hearing this, Swayamprabhasuri immediately went to King
Jayasen's palace where Brahmins were preparing for the
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today. Wealthy merchants of the PORWAL community constructed some of the most important pilgrimage sites of
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lost the ensuing debate, and the residents of 45000 households of the kingdom and King
Padmasena accepted
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877:'s lineage. Therefore, unlike most Jain ascetics today who trace their lineage to the 24th Tirthankara
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Later on, residents of this large town moved to various parts of
Rajasthan and their clan was named
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visited Mount Abu for business. Some of them happened to come across
Swayamprabhasuri's sermons on
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about the differences in the teachings of both the
Tirthankaras. It is said that the disciples of
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as the wood and non-violence as the sacrifice, one purifies their soul and becomes eligible for
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Although not much is known about him, some non-canonical scriptures such as
Ratnaprabhasuri's
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and that they would not accept his ideology. Swayamprabhasuri emphasized the importance of a
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were being made. Several animals were readied for sacrifice. When his disciples went out to
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sect, he is believed to have been born in the 6th century BC in a family belonging to the
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among several temples and icons he consecrated at various villages and towns surrounding
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performed mentally and not physically). He further explained with the analogy that with
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and is believed to have existed in 6th–5th century BC. He is known for establishing the
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1797:"Jaina Sutras, Part II (SBE45): Uttarâdhyayana: Twenty-Third Lecture. Kêsi and Gautama"
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It is further stated that he consecrated a temple and an idol of the 16th
Tirthankara
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He is, therefore, considered to have known the complete canon, making him one of the
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Indian Antiquary: A Journal of Oriental Research, Vol-19, Issue no.-January–December
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It is believed that Swayamprabhasuri consecrated a temple and an idol of the 1st
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Swayamprabhasuri delivering a sermon in the court of King Padmasena of Padmavati
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and became white-clad mendicants. Later on, his lineage came to be known as the
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The text further states that upon receiving adequately satisfying answers from
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According to legends, Swayamprabhasuri was once preaching lay-followers, and
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are considered to have been lost along with the rest of the text of the 12th
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Swayamprabhasuri delivering a sermon in the court of King Jayasena of Srimal
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838:) describe his ascetic life in detail and life before initiation into the
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ascetic and the 5th successor in the lineage of the monastic heads of the
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clan, he is also said to have known several of the magical rituals (or v
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householder and King Jayasen requested him to visit the region of
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malpractices in the name of religion. It is further stated that
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1607:, the members of which are some of the wealthiest merchants of
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1043:'s congregation and their work is separately acknowledged from
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It is further stated that they also renovated Jain temples at
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1734:"Oswal Porwal Aur Shreemal Jatiyo Ka Sachitra Prachin Itihas"
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were being performed there. He agreed to it and owing to his
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Once, Swayamprabhasuri was wandering with his disciples near
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1417:, the name of the newly established caste was decided to be
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was scheduled to be performed. He entered the king's court.
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Since this was a while after Swayamprabhsuri's sermons in
1298:
1047:'s followers) and helped eliminate violent practices of
2264:"Jaino Ka Itihas Darshan Vyavahar Evam Vaignanik Adhar"
913:
wore colored (usually dark-brown) clothes and those of
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within a period of 48 minutes the morning of when the
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Scriptural accounts of his life describe his visit to
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during his time as the head of the monastic order of
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leader for the sacrificial ritual told the king that
1215: non-violence is the first act of righteousness
1114:
had preached due to the difficult terrain (desert).
2046:"कुडा एवं ऊंदऱ्या पंथ कुडा एवं ऊंदऱ्या पंथ - Hindi"
2034:. Office of the Superintendent of Government Print.
1089:in 470 BCE. Most of the non-canonical texts of the
1083:which was in 527 BCE. This would date his visit to
1051:in the name of religion, especially the rituals of
2027:
4207:
917:wore white clothes. It is such differences that
2075:"Rise and Glory History of Halari Visa Oshwals"
1234:after Swayamprabhasuri preached them about the
1060:
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2326:
981:He is said to have been well-versed with the
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1179:to end such malpractices. Later, he visited
936:and all his disciples accepted the order of
3020:
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2333:
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1567:by fasting for one month and passed away.
1522:, in 465 BC, Swayamprabhasuri consecrated
1389:. He further explained the meaning of the
759:
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1431:. Later on, the clan came to be known as
855:He is believed to have been initiated by
1397:
1361:stated that they knew of his sermons at
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2340:
1478:, as the king and along with 500 other
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1990:"Oswals and Other Jains of Rajasthan"
1983:
1981:
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1952:
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1494:According to non-canonical scripture
842:succinctly. As per scriptures of the
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1110:), monks neither of Jainism, nor of
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2130:"Jaina Community, a Social Survey"
2127:
2092:
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1976:
1947:
1175:. They insisted upon him to visit
1163:for the first time after visiting
1020:as well. Since he was born in the
1016:, he is considered to have been a
16:6th century BC Indian Jain ascetic
14:
4242:
1901:
1875:
1849:
1840:
1784:
1751:
1702:
1655:
1535: head of the monastic order
996:of the Jain canon. Today, the 14
868: head of the monastic order
4190:
3028:
2261:
2186:"Jain Inscriptions of Rajasthan"
1987:
1956:
1820:
1217:). Interrupting his sermon, the
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2147:
2121:
2038:
2021:
2007:
1921:
1484:, accepted initiation into the
1413:. However, as a to respect the
1122:. It is said that practices of
1118:had a monopoly in this part of
976:
4126:List of Digambar Jain ascetics
1895:
1869:
1814:
1676:
963: administrative sub-sect
1:
1648:
944:. Even though it merged into
794: four-fold congregation
1557:At a later time, he went to
7:
3211:
2028:Rajputana (Agency) (1879).
2015:"Demographics of Rajasthan"
1823:"Sramana Bhagwaan Mahavira"
1685:"Jain Bibiliography Part 2"
1626:
1326:since similar practices of
1276:A pilgrimage procession to
568:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)
344:Aparigraha (non-possession)
10:
4247:
2290:"Jain Bibliography Part 1"
2238:"Jain Thought and Culture"
1545:who went on to create the
1280:was also organized by the
1183:where preparations for an
1097:clan by Swayamprabhasuri.
554:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)
533:Pravachanasara (Digambara)
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1904:"Encyclopedia of Jainism"
1878:"Encyclopedia of Jainism"
1852:"Encyclopedia of Jainism"
1167:. Several merchants from
969:and the next head of the
158:
147:
137:
127:
122:
108:
88:
74:
63:
53:
41:
36:
23:
1821:Muni, Ratnaprabhavijay.
1503: Biography of the
901:had a conversation with
833: Biography of the
708:Parasparopagraho Jivanam
561:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)
351:Anuvratas (further vows)
4090:Jain terms and concepts
3710:Digambar Jain Mahasabha
2031:The Rajputana Gazetteer
1959:"Jain Vidyalaya Granth"
1496:"Upkeśa Gaccha Caritra"
1012:. Since he knew the 14
826:"Upkeśa Gaccha Caritra"
317:Mahavratas (major vows)
162:Purvadhāri, Śrut Kevalī
2210:Hoernle, A F Rudolph.
2160:. Rupa & Company.
2157:A History of Rajasthan
2104:"Jain Legend Volume 2"
1930:"Jain Legend Volume 1"
1767:"Jain Legend Volume 4"
1732:Maharaja, Gyansundar.
1543:Ācārya Ratnaprabhasuri
1403:
1246:
1030:) that members of the
615:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
526:Samayasāra (Digambara)
339:Brahmacarya (chastity)
4121:List of Jain ascetics
3926:Dynasties and empires
3715:Vishwa Jain Sangathan
1512:sect, 52 years after
1458:Ratnachuda Vidyādhara
1401:
1311:After his sermons at
1253:after their hometown
1244:
1195:'free from 42 faults'
921:came to discuss with
334:Asteya (non-stealing)
324:Ahiṃsā (non-violence)
4116:List of Jain temples
2912:Chandrashekhar Vijay
2184:Somani, Ramvallabh.
2154:Hooja, Rima (2006).
1617:Ranakpur Jain temple
895:Uttaradhyayana Sutra
820:Birth and initiation
787:Chaturvidha Sangha's
493:Schools and Branches
4216:Indian Jain writers
4197:Religion portal
4131:Topics List (index)
3422:Mahamastakabhisheka
2438:Digambara Terapanth
2342:Jain monks and nuns
2102:Maharaj, Hastimal.
1928:Maharaj, Hastimal.
1765:Maharaj, Hastimal.
1207:Ahimsa parmo dharma
733:Religion portal
423:The 24 Tirthankaras
4226:Prakrit literature
4095:Sexual differences
2702:Ganeshprasad Varni
2363:Indrabhuti Gautama
2262:Jain, Chagganlal.
2212:"Indian Antiquary"
1404:
1247:
1238:for householders.
1225:do not follow the
950:Chaturvidha Sangha
930:Indrabhuti Gautama
923:Indrabhuti Gautama
907:Indrabhuti Gautama
905:'s prime disciple
540:Agama (Śvetāmbara)
4221:Indian Jain monks
4203:
4202:
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3884:
3664:Hampa Nagarajaiah
3557:Auspicious dreams
3485:Bhaktamara Stotra
3358:
3357:
2995:
2994:
2775:Keśiśramanācharya
2167:978-81-291-0890-6
1429:Prāgvata Brahmins
967:Keśiśramanācharya
934:Keśiśramanācharya
919:Keśiśramanācharya
899:Keśiśramanācharya
857:Keśiśramanācharya
802:Keśiśramanācharya
769:
768:
388:Micchami Dukkadam
383:Bhaktamara Stotra
312:Ethics of Jainism
166:
165:
153:Keśiśramanācharya
132:Keśiśramanācharya
4238:
4231:Śvetāmbara monks
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4194:
4157:Monks & nuns
4054:Statue of Ahimsa
4011:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
3735:
3734:
3649:Champat Rai Jain
3492:Tattvartha Sutra
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2780:Swayamprabhasuri
2759:Kharatara Gaccha
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1613:Śvetāmbara Jains
1561:, and performed
1553:Death and legacy
1536:
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1501:
1345:Ashvamedha Yagya
1328:animal sacrifice
1299:Creation of the
1278:Palitana temples
1216:
1213:
1202:animal sacrifice
1186:Ashvamedha Yagya
1165:Palitana temples
1133:Tantric Hinduism
1061:Creation of the
1049:animal sacrifice
991:
988:
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889:Monastic lineage
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776:Svayamprabhasuri
772:Swayamprabhasuri
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668:Shravanabelagola
575:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi
547:Tattvartha Sutra
191:
168:
167:
123:Religious career
113:Svayamprabhasuri
109:Other names
96:and creation of
94:animal sacrifice
92:Condemnation of
28:Swayamprabhasuri
21:
20:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4189:
4183:
4135:
4099:
4048:Panch Kalyanaka
3982:
3921:
3917:Non-creationism
3881:
3815:
3726:
3678:
3659:Jeffery D. Long
3654:Padmanabh Jaini
3639:Virchand Gandhi
3619:Colette Caillat
3602:
3566:
3516:
3443:
3354:
3304:
3240:
3127:Heavenly beings
3064:
3036:
3026:
2996:
2991:
2982:Daulatsagarsuri
2952:Ratnasundarsuri
2942:Ramchandra Suri
2907:Buddhisagarsuri
2895:
2886:Vidyamandansuri
2851:Kalyansagarsuri
2846:Aryarakshitsuri
2836:Bappabhattisuri
2819:
2785:Ratnaprabhasuri
2763:
2735:
2725:
2594:
2493:
2452:
2397:
2393:Digambara monks
2384:
2344:
2339:
2309:
2308:
2298:
2296:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2260:
2256:
2246:
2244:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2128:Sangve, Vilas.
2126:
2122:
2112:
2110:
2100:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2026:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1986:
1977:
1967:
1965:
1957:Jain, Bhupraj.
1955:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1848:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1795:
1794:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1763:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1730:
1703:
1693:
1691:
1681:
1677:
1666:
1665:
1656:
1651:
1629:
1621:Dilwara Temples
1555:
1534:
1502:
1461:
1309:
1214:
1073:57 years after
1067:
990: 12 aṅgas
989:
979:
962:
891:
867:
832:
822:
800:. He succeeded
793:
765:
725:
718:
717:
683:
682:
673:
672:
640:
639:
630:
629:
605:
604:
595:
594:
520:
519:
517:Jain literature
508:
507:
490:
489:
480:
479:
418:
417:
408:
407:
398:Ṇamōkāra mantra
378:
377:
368:
367:
309:
308:
299:
298:
229:
228:
142:Ratnaprabhasuri
81:
49:
32:
29:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4244:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4201:
4200:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4050:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3872:Southeast Asia
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3706:Organisations
3704:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3674:Jinendra Varni
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3644:Hermann Jacobi
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3578:Digambara monk
3574:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3524:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3512:Uttaradhyayana
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3480:Namokar Mantra
3474:
3469:
3467:Shatkhandagama
3464:
3462:Pravachanasara
3459:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3314:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3273:Kashtha Sangha
3270:
3268:Balatkara Gana
3259:
3257:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3163:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3112:Jain cosmology
3109:
3108:
3107:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3034:Jainism topics
3025:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2967:Vijayanandsuri
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2937:Vimalsagarsuri
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2707:Jinendra Varni
2704:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2641:Saubhagyasagar
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2421:Kashtha Sangha
2418:
2416:Balatkara Gana
2407:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2306:
2288:Upadhye, A N.
2280:
2254:
2228:
2202:
2173:
2166:
2146:
2120:
2091:
2073:Dodhia, Rati.
2062:
2050:bookstruck.app
2037:
2020:
2006:
1975:
1946:
1920:
1894:
1868:
1839:
1813:
1783:
1750:
1701:
1683:Upadhye, A N.
1675:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1633:Uttaradhyayana
1628:
1625:
1554:
1551:
1541:and named him
1524:Ratnachudamuni
1467:a king of the
1460:
1456:Initiation of
1454:
1427:who lost were
1324:Aravalli Range
1308:
1297:
1130:, branches of
1066:
1059:
978:
975:
890:
887:
870:) in the 23rd
821:
818:
767:
766:
764:
763:
756:
749:
741:
738:
737:
736:
735:
720:
719:
716:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
684:
680:
679:
678:
675:
674:
671:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
641:
637:
636:
635:
632:
631:
628:
627:
622:
617:
612:
606:
602:
601:
600:
597:
596:
593:
592:
585:
582:Silappatikaram
578:
571:
564:
557:
550:
543:
536:
529:
521:
515:
514:
513:
510:
509:
506:
505:
500:
491:
487:
486:
485:
482:
481:
478:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
440:
435:
430:
425:
419:
415:
414:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
375:
374:
373:
370:
369:
366:
365:
360:
354:
353:
347:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
320:
319:
310:
306:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
230:
224:
223:
222:
219:
218:
217:
216:
211:
206:
201:
193:
192:
184:
183:
177:
176:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
120:
119:
117:Somaprabhasuri
110:
106:
105:
90:
89:Known for
86:
85:
76:
72:
71:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
45:
43:
39:
38:
34:
33:
31:Mahārāja Sāheb
30:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4243:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4198:
4193:
4186:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4111:List of Jains
4109:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4036:Jain calendar
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3878:
3877:United States
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3812:
3811:Uttar Pradesh
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3614:Nalini Balbir
3612:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3392:Vegetarianism
3390:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3023:
3018:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2988:
2987:Hansratnasuri
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2957:Kalapurnasuri
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:Jinadattasuri
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:Upkeśa Gaccha
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2510:Bhadrabahu II
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2474:Samantabhadra
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
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2426:
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2414:
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2406:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2368:Sudharmaswami
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2243:
2239:
2236:Pandey, G C.
2232:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2150:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2096:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2067:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2010:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1857:
1853:
1846:
1844:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1802:
1798:
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1788:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1759:
1757:
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1739:
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1728:
1726:
1724:
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1714:
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1690:
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1679:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1654:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:Upkeśa Gaccha
1590:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1579:Sudharmaswami
1576:
1575:Gautama Swami
1572:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:Upkeśa Gaccha
1529:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1505:Upkeśa Gaccha
1497:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1459:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1267:Rishabhanatha
1265:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1197:in the town.
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1152:), a town in
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1005:
999:
995:
992:) and the 14
984:
974:
972:
971:Upkeśa Gaccha
968:
957:
956:
951:
947:
943:
942:Upkeśa Gaccha
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
893:According to
886:
884:
880:
876:
873:
862:
858:
853:
851:
850:
845:
841:
836:
835:Upkeśa Gaccha
827:
817:
815:
814:
809:
808:
803:
799:
798:Upkeśa Gaccha
788:
784:
781:
777:
773:
762:
757:
755:
750:
748:
743:
742:
740:
739:
734:
729:
724:
723:
722:
721:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
677:
676:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
644:
634:
633:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
607:
599:
598:
591:
590:
586:
584:
583:
579:
577:
576:
572:
570:
569:
565:
563:
562:
558:
556:
555:
551:
549:
548:
544:
542:
541:
537:
535:
534:
530:
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527:
523:
522:
518:
512:
511:
504:
501:
499:
496:
495:
494:
484:
483:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
465:Samantabhadra
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
445:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
420:
416:Major figures
412:
411:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
393:Navkar Mantra
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
380:
372:
371:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
352:
349:
348:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
329:Satya (truth)
327:
325:
322:
321:
318:
315:
314:
313:
303:
302:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
227:
221:
220:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
196:
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194:
190:
186:
185:
182:
179:
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174:
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161:
157:
154:
150:
146:
143:
140:
136:
133:
130:
126:
121:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
83:Upkeśa Gaccha
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
35:
22:
19:
4052:
4031:Samavasarana
4021:Śalākāpuruṣa
3629:John E. Cort
3540:Ashtamangala
3535:Siddhachakra
3472:Kasayapahuda
3439:Pratikramana
3347:Sthānakavāsī
3105:Anekāntavāda
3101:Jaina logic
3095:Kevala Jñāna
3090:Epistemology
2947:Rajendrasuri
2805:Devardhigani
2795:Sthulabhadra
2779:
2580:Prabhācandra
2505:Amritchandra
2297:. Retrieved
2293:
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2267:
2257:
2245:. Retrieved
2241:
2231:
2219:. Retrieved
2215:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2189:
2156:
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:
2123:
2111:. Retrieved
2107:
2082:. Retrieved
2078:
2053:. Retrieved
2049:
2040:
2030:
2023:
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:
1966:. Retrieved
1962:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1923:
1911:. Retrieved
1907:
1902:Ghosh, K C.
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1881:
1876:Ghosh, K C.
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1855:
1850:Nahar, P C.
1830:. Retrieved
1826:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1800:
1774:. Retrieved
1770:
1741:. Retrieved
1737:
1692:. Retrieved
1688:
1678:
1668:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1526:as the next
1523:
1517:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1368:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1319:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1285:
1281:
1270:
1261:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1205:
1199:
1191:beg for food
1185:
1180:
1176:
1173:non-violence
1168:
1158:
1148:(modern-day
1143:
1138:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1106:(modern-day
1103:Maru Pradesh
1101:
1099:
1094:
1084:
1078:
1068:
1062:
1052:
1041:Parshvanatha
1038:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1010:Śrut Kevalīs
1009:
1001:
997:
993:
982:
980:
977:Ascetic life
953:
949:
927:
911:Parshvanatha
892:
883:Parshvanatha
875:Parshvanatha
860:
854:
848:
839:
825:
823:
811:
805:
786:
775:
771:
770:
703:Jain symbols
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
552:
545:
538:
531:
524:
442:
403:Jai Jinendra
376:Jain prayers
350:
316:
264:Kevala Jnana
234:Anekantavada
116:
112:
69:Parshvanatha
18:
3973:Rashtrakuta
3890:Jainism and
3789:Maharashtra
3747:Bundelkhand
3634:Paul Dundas
3507:Kalpa Sūtra
3502:Aptamimamsa
3387:Monasticism
3318:Murtipujaka
3300:Kanji Panth
3280:Taran Panth
3263:Mula Sangha
3117:Siddhashila
3050:Tirthankara
2977:Vallabhsuri
2927:Mahashraman
2917:Jambuvijaya
2856:Yashovijaya
2841:Hemachandra
2754:Tapa Gaccha
2690:Tarun Sagar
2675:Pranamsagar
2670:Pramansagar
2665:Pragyasagar
2660:Kshamasagar
2616:Deshbhushan
2611:Shantisagar
2590:Taran Svami
2575:Yativṛṣabha
2525:Nemichandra
2479:Pushpadanta
2448:Kanji Panth
2428:Taran Panth
2411:Mula Sangha
1988:Baya, D S.
1638:Tapa Gaccha
1481:Vidyādharas
1465:Ratnachuda,
1442:Shantinatha
1282:Jain Sangha
1264:Tirthankara
1128:Caliyapanth
1036:clan knew.
872:tirthankara
840:Jain Sangha
713:Topics list
638:Pilgrimages
589:Valayapathi
488:Major sects
475:Yashovijaya
279:Brahmacarya
128:Predecessor
4210:Categories
4152:Literature
4041:Samvatsari
3806:Tamil Nadu
3731:Jainism in
3550:Nandavarta
3497:Samayasāra
3449:Literature
3417:Kshamavani
3412:Paryushana
3375:Meditation
3370:Sallekhana
3310:Śvetāmbara
3231:Ratnatraya
3151:Gunasthana
3070:Philosophy
2922:Mahāprajña
2891:Udayaratna
2876:Hiravijaya
2866:Jinaharsha
2831:Haribhadra
2810:Siddhasena
2800:Jinabhadra
2790:Bhadrabahu
2732:Śvetāmbara
2685:Sudhasagar
2680:Pulaksagar
2655:Guptisagar
2626:Guptinandi
2621:Vidyasagar
2585:Vidyananda
2515:Gunabhadra
2469:Kundakunda
2375:Bhadrabahu
2294:jainqq.org
2268:jainqq.org
2242:jainqq.org
2216:jainqq.org
2190:jainqq.org
2134:jainqq.org
2108:jainqq.org
2079:jainqq.org
1994:jainqq.org
1963:jainqq.org
1934:jainqq.org
1908:jainqq.org
1882:jainqq.org
1856:jainqq.org
1827:jainqq.org
1771:jainqq.org
1738:jainqq.org
1689:jainqq.org
1649:References
1643:Hiravijaya
1583:Jambuswami
1564:Sallekhana
1510:Śvetāmbara
1476:Kanakchuda
1470:Vidyādhara
1392:Ratnatraya
1369:bhāv yagya
1338:, reached
1124:Kundapanth
1091:Śvetāmbara
1033:Vidyādhara
1023:Vidyādhara
1018:Purvadhāri
983:Dvādaśāṅga
859:, the 4th
849:Vidyādhara
844:Śvetāmbara
780:Śvetāmbara
625:Samvatsari
620:Paryushana
503:Śvetāmbara
470:Haribhadra
460:Siddhasena
455:Kundakunda
363:Sallekhana
289:Gunasthana
284:Aparigraha
226:Philosophy
148:Initiation
79:Śvetāmbara
4070:Sculpture
4006:Ekendriya
3867:Singapore
3852:Hong Kong
3832:Australia
3801:Rajasthan
3772:Karnataka
3684:Community
3669:Bal Patil
3624:Chandabai
3593:Pattavali
3545:Shrivatsa
3530:Jain flag
3407:Festivals
3363:Practices
3351:Terapanth
3338:Tristutik
3328:Kharatara
3290:Terapanth
3285:Bispanthi
3255:Digambara
3078:Five Vows
3055:Ganadhara
2932:Prem Suri
2881:Manatunga
2871:Anandghan
2815:Vimalsuri
2636:Aryanandi
2631:Gyansagar
2570:Aparajita
2560:Kumudendu
2550:Manatunga
2520:Pujyapada
2489:Vattakera
2484:Bhutabali
2464:Dharasena
2433:Bispanthi
2358:Ganadhara
2353:Pattavali
1585:attained
1508:) of the
1450:Padmavati
1446:Padmavati
1340:Padmavati
1320:Padmavati
1293:Mount Abu
1161:Mount Abu
1154:Rajasthan
1108:Rajasthan
1071:Rajasthan
1004:Drstivada
861:pattadhār
698:Jain flag
688:Ekendriya
663:Shikharji
603:Festivals
498:Digambara
450:Ganadhara
239:Cosmology
138:Successor
4162:Scholars
4140:Navboxes
3999:Timeline
3948:Ikshvaku
3933:Chalukya
3902:Hinduism
3897:Buddhism
3862:Pakistan
3820:Overseas
3607:Scholars
3588:Kshullak
3571:Ascetics
3562:Swastika
3380:Sāmāyika
3295:Yapaniya
3246:Branches
2972:Nemisuri
2824:Medieval
2734:ascetics
2719:Gyanmati
2697:Kshullak
2565:Harisena
2555:Ravisena
2545:Akalanka
2540:Jayasena
2535:Jinasena
2530:Virasena
2498:Medieval
2443:Yapaniya
2403:Branches
2380:Umaswati
1627:See also
1615:such as
1571:Mahavira
1559:Palitana
1514:Mahavira
1425:Brahmins
1415:Brahmins
1407:Brahmins
1359:Brahmins
1116:Brahmins
1112:Buddhism
1075:Mahavira
1054:Shaktism
1045:Mahavira
946:Mahavira
938:Mahavira
915:Mahavira
903:Mahavira
879:Mahavira
653:Palitana
438:Mahavira
428:Rishabha
358:Sāmāyika
209:Timeline
173:a series
171:Part of
54:Religion
47:Palitana
37:Personal
4172:America
4167:Temples
4016:Pratima
3994:History
3987:Related
3978:Santara
3958:Kalinga
3953:Kadamba
3943:Hoysala
3912:Sikhism
3837:Belgium
3767:Haryana
3762:Gujarat
3692:Śrāvaka
3598:Acharya
3522:Symbols
3476:Mantra
3429:Upadhan
3402:Rituals
3397:Fasting
3236:Kashaya
3226:Saṃsāra
3205:Nirjara
3200:Samvara
3171:Pudgala
3060:Arihant
2768:Ancient
2741:Gacchas
2606:Acharya
2457:Ancient
2299:14 June
2273:14 June
2247:14 June
2221:14 June
2195:14 June
2139:14 June
2113:14 June
2084:14 June
2055:14 June
1999:14 June
1968:14 June
1939:14 June
1913:14 June
1887:14 June
1861:14 June
1832:14 June
1806:13 June
1776:14 June
1743:13 June
1694:14 June
1605:Śrīmali
1597:Prāgvat
1532:transl.
1528:acharya
1519:nirvana
1500:transl.
1423:as the
1420:Prāgvat
1411:Jainism
1301:Prāgvat
1251:Śrīmali
1236:12 vows
1232:Jainism
1219:Brahmin
1212:transl.
1150:Bhinmal
1139:tantric
1095:Śrīmali
1080:nirvana
1063:Śrīmali
987:transl.
960:transl.
952:, this
865:transl.
830:transl.
816:clans.
807:Śrīmali
791:transl.
693:Temples
444:Arihant
294:Saṃsāra
204:History
181:Jainism
159:Honours
98:Śrīmali
64:Lineage
58:Jainism
4177:Bengal
4085:Nigoda
4060:Temple
4026:Tirtha
3968:Pandya
3963:Maurya
3847:Europe
3842:Canada
3827:Africa
3794:Mumbai
3784:Kerala
3583:Aryika
3323:Gaccha
3195:Bandha
3190:Asrava
3185:Tattva
3176:Dharma
3156:Dravya
3144:Causes
3122:Naraka
3083:Ahimsa
2900:Modern
2714:Aryika
2599:Modern
2164:
1619:, and
1603:) and
1601:Porvāl
1588:moksha
1549:clan.
1489:sangha
1434:Porvāl
1386:moksha
1364:Śrīmal
1354:Śrīmal
1332:labdhi
1314:Śrīmal
1307:) clan
1305:Porvāl
1287:Śrīmal
1272:Śrīmal
1256:Śrīmal
1181:Śrīmal
1177:Śrīmal
1169:Śrīmal
1145:Śrīmal
1086:Śrīmal
1014:purvas
998:purvas
994:purvas
955:gaccha
852:clan.
813:Porvāl
778:was a
658:Girnar
610:Diwali
433:Pārśva
307:Ethics
274:Tattva
269:Dravya
254:Dharma
244:Ahimsa
104:castes
102:Porvāl
25:Ācārya
4104:Lists
4065:Stupa
3938:Ganga
3907:Islam
3857:Japan
3777:North
3752:Delhi
3739:India
3720:JAINA
3702:Tamil
3697:Sarak
3457:Agama
3434:Tapas
3221:Death
3212:Mokṣa
3166:Ajiva
3139:Types
3134:Karma
2962:Tulsi
1609:India
1547:Oswal
1537:) of
1380:karma
1336:vidyā
1322:near
1227:Vedas
1223:Jains
1120:India
1028:idyās
1002:aṅga
681:Other
643:Tirth
259:Mokṣa
249:Karma
214:Index
199:Jains
4147:Gods
3333:Tapa
3161:Jīva
3042:Gods
2650:Muni
2301:2024
2275:2024
2249:2024
2223:2024
2197:2024
2162:ISBN
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