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310:(or "gate" of the dry dock) which was very heavy wrought iron, pulled by an endless chain horizontally on bronze rollers and it moved in a particularly effective fashion; it was steam powered but was converted to electricity in 1918. The dock was also fitted with electric lights to facilitate emergency work at night. A new pump house on the west of the island was built for the dock, and this was also used for Fitzroy Dock.
240:, and the prison buildings became an industrial school for girls and a reformatory in 1871. The dockyard area was now separated from the institutional area on the top of the island by a fence. Following the departure of the females in 1888, prisoners were again sent to the island, and the gaol function continued until about 1909. Meanwhile, the dockyard function expanded, and the Sutherland Dock was built in 1890. The
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excavation of the dock into the sandstone commenced. Sutherland Dock was designed and built by engineer Louis Samuel who won the contract at the age of 23. Samuel died at 26, not long before the dock was finished; the job was completed by his younger brother Edward. Unlike
Fitzroy Dock (built by convicts), the workforce on Sutherland was free.
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Sutherland Dock, completed in 1890, has a direct and lengthy association with NSW's maritime history, Australia's naval relationship with its allies, and
Australia's naval development, particularly during the First and Second World Wars. It is one of the nation's most important former graving docks
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When completed in 1890, Sutherland Dock was 635 feet long and 84 feet wide at the entrance. It was then said to be the biggest dry dock in the world (in terms of its width and depth of water over the sill) and was one of
Australia's most significant engineering projects to that time. Subsequently,
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As the nineteenth century proceeded, the size of ships increased as steel came into more widespread use in shipbuilding. Fitzroy Dock was becoming increasingly unable to handle bigger ships. Consequently, it was decided to build a new dry dock on
Cockatoo Island. Drawings were made in 1882 and
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At the time of its opening, Sutherland was said to be the biggest dry dock in the world. It was one of
Australia's greatest engineering projects (and remained the nation's largest dry dock until 1945), and therefore has considerable technological significance. It also reflects good design and
267:. After the war the dockyard (now known as Vickers) continued, and submarine facilities were introduced. The dockyard closed in 1992, and some demolition took place. Sale of the island was proposed. The island is now vested in the
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Sutherland Dock is a major element of
Cockatoo Island's built landscape, a key foreshore element on the island, and, contributing strongly to the island's maritime associations and atmosphere, it has considerable aesthetic value.
365:. The dock is 210 metres long and the depth of water over the sill at high tide is 9.75 metres. The drive chain and mechanism for moving the caisson is still extant. There are steam travelling jib cranes at the dock.
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The 1997 Conservation
Management Plan noted that the caisson and mechanism was still extant and had, at least until recently, been functional. As at May 2001, Sutherland Dock was filled with water.
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twice the dock was increased in size to meet the needs of ever bigger
Australian naval vessels, reaching 690 feet (210 metres) in length in 1927, and a width of 27 metres. The dock was named after
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317:, cruiser and other large classes. These sorts of RAN ships docked at Sutherland twice yearly for routine scraping and painting and other work. Much of this role transferred to
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Sutherland Dock catered to the larger Royal Navy vessels, then, following the establishment of the Royal
Australian Navy, it dealt with the bigger RAN ships, such as the
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251:, in 1913 Cockatoo became the Commonwealth Dockyard, and the island, both through shipbuilding and servicing, played an important role both in the development of the
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The dock is a major feature of the island's built landscape and, contributing strongly to the island's maritime associations, it has considerable aesthetic value.
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The enlargement of the dock over time reflects the development in warship construction, and shipbuilding more generally, during the early twentieth century.
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convict establishment. The convict precinct was built over a number of years. Quarrying of silos was one of the early convict tasks. To service
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Sutherland Dock is a dry or graving dock and is located on the south-western side of
Cockatoo Island, where it is excavated into the island's
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construction qualities. Further, the original caisson and its distinctive mechanism are still extant.
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259:. The former prison buildings were then used as offices. From 1933 the dockyard was leased from the
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Sutherland Dock is important as an example of a nineteenth century harbour facility of this type.
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by Cockatoo Docks and Engineering Co Ltd and the island played a very significant role during
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was completed in 1857. Cockatoo became the major government dockyard in Australia.
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that convicts would be sent to the island after the closure of the
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on 22 June 2004 having satisfied the following criteria.
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Sutherland Dock is at Cockatoo Island in Sydney Harbour (
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docked at Sutherland after the tragic collisions with
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In 1869 prisoners were transferred from the island to
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Commonwealth Heritage List places in New South Wales
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Cockatoo Island : conservation management plan
298:, the Minister for Works in the government of Sir
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562:This Knowledge article was originally based on
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534:Parker, R. G. (Roger Grosvenor) (1977),
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397:and has great historical significance.
242:New South Wales Public Works Department
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417:Criterion E: Aesthetic characteristics
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386:Australian Commonwealth Heritage List
197:Australian Commonwealth Heritage List
166:Location of Sutherland Dock in Sydney
482:"Sutherland Dock (Place ID 105260)"
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581:, accessed on 15 September 2018.
522:, Australian Department of Defence
426:Criterion F: Technical achievement
409:Criterion D: Characteristic values
384:Sutherland Dock was listed on the
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616:Cockatoo Island (New South Wales)
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626:1890 establishments in Australia
596:Sutherland Dock, Cockatoo Island
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536:Cockatoo Island : a history
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269:Sydney Harbour Federation Trust
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566:, entry number 105260 in the
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289:in Sutherland Dock in c.1942.
621:Shipyards of New South Wales
568:Australian Heritage Database
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323:Captain Cook Graving Dock
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598:at Wikimedia Commons
492:Australian Government
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261:Australian Government
253:Royal Australian Navy
179:is a heritage-listed
77:33.8484°S 151.1703°E
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130:Reference no.
82:-33.8484; 151.1703
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125:22 June 2004
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574:2018 under
553:Attribution
350:Description
302:, and cost
257:World War I
255:and during
80: /
68:151°10′13″E
56:Coordinates
51:, Australia
605:Categories
538:, Nelson,
435:References
249:Federation
247:Following
227:Royal Navy
122:Designated
65:33°50′54″S
576:CC-BY 4.0
372:Condition
363:sandstone
329:Melbourne
285:Portland
181:dockyard
41:Location
579:licence
336:Voyager
308:caisson
287:(CA-33)
229:ships,
217:to the
203:History
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133:105260
334:HMAS
327:HMAS
540:ISBN
528:2018
499:2018
341:USS
339:and
283:USS
114:Type
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304:£
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_in_a_drydock_at_the_Cockatoo_Island_Dockyard,_circa_in_late_1942_(NH_81992).jpg)