Sunni Islam - Knowledge

4393: 5381:) of humans after death. The believer will answer to this test: "God is my Lord, Islam is my religion and Mohammed is my prophet." The doubter, on the other hand, will answer: "Oh dear, I don't know. I heard people say something, and that's how I said it." He is then hit with an iron club so that he utters a loud scream that can be heard by everyone except people and jinn. If people heard him, they would lose consciousness. Children are also interviewed by Munkar and Nakīr as well as people who have disappeared, drowned or were eaten by predatory animals. Deceased Muslims receive the 2217:, the basis for the Shi'a religious thought. There was no clearly accepted formula for determining succession in the Abbasid caliphate. Two or three sons or other relatives of the dying caliph emerged as candidates to the throne, each supported by his own party of supporters. A trial of strength ensued and the most powerful party won and expected favours of the caliph they supported once he ascended the throne. The caliphate of this dynasty ended with the death of the Caliph al-Ma'mun in 833 CE, when the period of Turkish domination began. 5107: 5555:) of the Messenger of God and its effect on those of his ummah who have committed serious sins is a fixed teaching point of the Sunni faith. Muhammad reserved the intercession especially for them. According to al-Ghazālī, the Sunni believer has a total of the intercession of the prophets, then the scholars, then the martyrs, then to believe the other believers in accordance with their dignity and their rank in God. Those of the believers who have no advocate will be brought out of hell by the grace of God. 5834: 5653: 2226: 21977: 16367: 3572: 2730: 21987: 4384:. The schools of law all have their own particular tradition of interpreting this jurisprudence. As these schools represent clearly spelled out methodologies for interpreting Islamic law, there has been little change in the methodology with regard to each school. While conflict between the schools was often violent in the past, the four Sunni schools recognize each other's validity and they have interacted in legal debate over the centuries. 5002: 2467: 6129: 2011: 16356: 3561: 1127: 474: 56: 5641:). Therefore, it is recommended to say: "A believer, if God is willing" or "I hope that I am a Believer". Such a way of expression does not make people into doubters, because by that, they only mean that their otherworldly fate and their end are hidden from them. The Sunnis do not speak to any of the people who pray to the Kaaba, to paradise or hell, because of a good deed or a sin he has committed. 4916:) because he continues to exist without interruption for all eternity. He is the first and the last, as it says in the Quran (Sura 57: 3). God brought forth creation not because he needed it, but to demonstrate his power and as the implement his previous will and his primordial speech. God is creator, but has no needs. He does not need food, does not feel lonely and does not keep company with anyone. 536: 4929:) with the throne. It is not the throne that carries God, but the throne and its bearers are carried through the grace of his power. According to al-Ashʿari, the Sunnis confess that God is on his throne, but without asking how. Even if God does not need the throne and what is below, because he spatially occupies everything, including what is above him, the throne and stool ( 4266:("The evidence of knowledge of the beliefs of followers of different religions") about the Sufis: "They associate themselves with the Sunnis, but they do not belong to them, because they contradict them in their beliefs, actions and teachings." That is what distinguishes the Sufis from Sunnis according to as-Saksakī their orientation to the hidden inner meaning of the 5598:), but his righteousness cannot be decided by analogy with the righteousness of people, because unjust actions for people are only conceivable with regard to someone else's property, but God does not encounter someone else's property anywhere so that he could behave unfairly to him. The principle of predestination is God's mystery with regard to his creatures. No 4432:(legal schools). These varied traditions reflect differing viewpoints on some laws and obligations within Islamic law. While one school may see a certain act as a religious obligation, another may see the same act as optional. These schools are not regarded as sects; rather, they represent differing viewpoints on issues that are not considered the core of 6811: 4543:(People of the Prophet's Way and the Community) is a Sunni revivalist movement following the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of jurisprudence, and Maturidi and Ashʿari schools of theology with hundreds of millions of followers. The movement is moderate form of Islam that Muslims in South Asia have followed for centuries and it encompasses a variety of 4813:(Arabic for "faith"), which are believed to be essential. These six articles are common that present-day Sunnis agree on, from those who adhere to traditional Sunnism to those who adhere to latter-day movements. Additionally, classical Sunni Islam also outlined numerous other cardinal doctrines since the 8th century, such as the 1637:: Religious history, sociological und reform oriented facts") published in 1928–29. The term "Sunnah" is usually used in Arabic discourse as designation for Sunni Muslims, when they are intended to be contrasted with Shias. The word pair "Sunnah-Shia" is also used on Western research literature to denote the Sunni-Shia contrast. 5584:) of creatures and determined their time of time. He makes his creatures sick and heals them, lets them die and makes them alive, while the creatures themselves have no power over it. God lets die without fear and brings to life without exertion. The one who dies dies on the appointed date, even if he is killed. 5175:

is according to Sunnism uncreated. The teachings of the creation of the Quran is rejected by Sunnis. Anyone who takes this teaching is regarded as an unbeliever. The Quran is recited with the tongue, written into books and memorized by the heart, but remains the uncreated speech of God, because it is

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as their master. They agree in the rational principles on all questions where there is no hearing-based evidence, in the hearing-based principles in everything that reason conceives as possible, and in the rational as well as the hearing-based principles in all other questions. They also agree on all

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regarding the early history of Islam, and the practices of Muhammad and his first followers, and wrote them down so that they might be preserved. These recorded oral traditions are called hadith. Muslim scholars have through the ages sifted through the hadith and evaluated the chain of narrations of

4907:

God created everything, the years and times, day and night, light and darkness, the heavens and the earth, all kinds of creatures that are on it, the land and the sea, and everything living, dead and solid. Before he created all of this, he was completely alone, with nothing with him. In contrast to

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among other things associated with Sufism. They are also called Sunni Sufis. The movement defines itself as the most authentic representative of what is known as Sunnī Islam and thus adopts the generic moniker, Ahl-i-Sunnat wa-al-Jamāʿat (The people who adhere to the Prophetic Tradition and preserve

4613:

The movement claim to revive the Sunnah as embodied in the Qur’an and literature of traditions (Hadith), as the people had lapsed from the Prophetic traditions. Consequently, scholars took the duty of reminding Muslims go back to the 'ideal' way of Islam. The movement drew inspiration from the Sunni

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relinquishing power in favour of the latter, with a condition inter alia, that one of the two who will outlive the other will be the caliph, and that this caliph will not appoint a successor but will leave the matter of selection of the caliph to the public. Subsequently, Hasan was poisoned to death

7308:

It is a mistake to assume, as is frequently done, that Sunni Islam emerged as normative from the chaotic period following Muhammad's death and that the other two movements simply developed out of it. This assumption is based in... the taking of later and often highly ideological sources as accurate

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as the actual bearers of Islamic science and culture. Of all the sciences, knowledge and efforts of which Muslims are proud, al-Baghdādī explains that the Sunnis have a major share. In the last chapter of his book, al-Baghdadi also relates this to building activity in Islamic countries. He believes

5991:

Later Sunni scholars also present the Sunnis as the center of Muslim community. The idea already appears to some extent in the Ashʿarite ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī, who emphasizes on several dogmatic questions that the Sunnis hold a position that lies in the middle between the positions of the other

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after death. Munkar and Nakīr are two terrifying, huge figures who let the person sit upright in his grave with mind and body and then tell him about the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad. They ask him: "Who is your master? What is your religion? Who is your prophet?". They are the two

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might lead to interpreting Qur'anic passages as falsehoods. Modern trends of Islamic interpretation are usually seen as adjusting to a modern audience and purifying Islam from alleged alterings, some of which are believed to be intentional corruptions brought into Islam to undermine and corrupt its

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There are differing views among Sunni scholars about the timing and type of the divine vision. Al-Ashari states that God is seen on the day of resurrection, whereby only the believers see him, the unbelievers not because they are kept away from God. At-Tahāwī, on the other hand, was of the opinion

5359:). Accordingly, Muhammad went on a nocturnal journey during which his person was transported to heaven while awake and from there to heights, "which God has chosen". God gave him what he had chosen for him and gave him his revelation. God has also blessed him in his life beyond and in this world. 4924:

To absolve God of all anthropomorphism, the Qur'anic statements that "God sat on the throne" (istawā ʿalā l-ʿarš; Surah 7:54; 20: 5) receive a lot of the Sunni creeds attention. The creed of al-Qādir emphasizes that God did not set himself up on the throne (ʿarš) "in the manner of the rest of the

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literalism, using the rationalistic methods championed by Mu'tazilites to defend most tenets of the traditionalist doctrine. Although the mainly Hanbali scholars who rejected this synthesis were in the minority, their emotive, narrative-based approach to faith remained influential among the urban

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position that all Quranic references to God as having real attributes were metaphorical. The Ash'aris insisted that these attributes were as they "best befit His Majesty". The Arabic language is a wide language in which one word can have 15 different meanings, so the Ash'aris endeavor to find the

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expressed the opinion that Ash'arites and Māturīdites would not count among the Sunnis, because their doctrine of attributes would be in contrast to the doctrine of Muhammad and his companions. For this reason, the view that three groups belong to Sunnism should also be rejected. Sunnis are only

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community from Sunnism. The Islamic World League in Mecca, also funded by Saudi Arabia, made a resolution from 1987 that it regards Sunnism as the pure teachings at the time of the Messenger and the rightful existence of the Caliphate. However, the Council of Senior Religious Scholars is largely

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As for the way of seeing God, al-Ash Aari and Ibn Taimiyah emphasized its visual characteristics. Al-Ashari meant that God can be seen with the eyes, just as one sees the moon on the night of the full moon. Ibn Taimīya adds that the vision of God is as one sees the sun on a cloudless day. In the

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was also used for the individual person. Thus it has been recorded, the Kufic scholar of the Quran Abū Bakr ibn ʿAyyāsh (d. 809) was asked, how he was a "sunni". He responded the following: "The one who, when the heresies are mentioned, doesn't get excited about any of them." The Andalusiaian

5425:) and the retribution of the deeds take place. First the bodies of all people, animals and jinn are put back together and revived. The souls are brought back into the body, the people rise from their graves, barefoot, naked and uncircumcised. The sun is approaching them and they are sweating. 2038:

developed out of Sunni Islam. This perception is partly due to the reliance on highly ideological sources that have been accepted as reliable historical works, and also because the vast majority of the population is Sunni. Both Sunnism and Shiaism are the end products of several centuries of

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The rule of and "caliphate" of Banu Umayya came to an end at the hands of Banu Abbās a branch of Banu Hāshim, the tribe of Muhammad, only to usher another dynastic monarchy styled as caliphate from 750 CE. This period is seen formative in Sunni Islam as the founders of the four schools viz,

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founded by Muhammad ibn Karram (d. 859) referred to the sunnah and community. They passed down in praise of their school founder a hadith, according to which Muhammad predicted that at the end of times a man named Muhammad ibn Karram will appear, who will restore the sunna and the community

2138:' (pious filial support)". Ali, during his rather brief regime after Uthman maintained austere life style and tried hard to bring back the egalitarian system and supremacy of law over the ruler idealised in Muhammad's message, but faced continued opposition, and wars one after another by 2448:

stands for alleged scientific miracles found in the Qur'an. In short, the idea is that the Qur'an contains knowledge about subjects an author of the 7th century could not possibly have. Such interpretations are popular among many commentators. Some scholars, such as the Commentators of

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times, many efforts were made to establish a good harmony between the teachings of the Ashʿarīya and the Māturīdīya. Finally, there were also scholars who regarded the Ashʿarites alone as Sunnis. For example, the Moroccan Sufi Ahmad ibn ʿAdschiba (d. 1809) stated in his commentary on

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meaning that best befits God and is not contradicted by the Quran. Therefore, when God states in the Quran, "He who does not resemble any of His creation", this clearly means that God cannot be attributed with body parts because He created body parts. Ash'aris tend to stress divine

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said: "Two kinds of people perish on me: the exaggerated lover and the exaggerated hater." He notes that the exaggerated lover is the Rafidites and the exaggerated hater is the Kharijit. The Sunni, on the other hand, loves ʿAlī in high esteem and is thus in the balanced middle

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asked Husain, the younger brother of Hasan, Ali's son and Muhammad's grandson, to give his allegiance to Yazid, which he plainly refused. His caravan was cordoned by Yazid's army at Karbalā and he was killed with all his male companions – total 72 people, in a day long

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According to at-Tahāwī's creed, this only applies to the serious sinners from Muhammad's ummah: They are in hell, but not forever if they were monotheists at the time of death. What happens to them lies within God: if he wants, he forgives them through his grace

5673:) within a handful of months of his death, and is accepted by all sects of Islam. Many matters of belief and daily life were not directly prescribed in the Quran, but were actions observed by Muhammad and the early Muslim community. Later generations sought out 5622:) for hell. God has always known the number of those who go to paradise and the number of those who go to hell. This number is neither increased nor decreased. When God creates the body of the embryo, he sends an angel to him who writes down his livelihood ( 11057: 5591:). The pen she wrote is the first thing God created. God commanded him to write down what will be until the day of resurrection. The pen has already dried out and the scrolls are rolled up. Everything that was written on it in ancient times is immutable. 6703:

The Shi'a unequivocally take the word in the meaning of leader, master and patron and therefore the explicitly nominated successor of the Prophet. The Sunnis, on the other hand, interpret the word mawla in the meaning of a friend or the nearest kin and

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are often called the Sunni "orthodoxy", traditionalist theology has thrived alongside it, laying rival claims to be the orthodox Sunni faith. In the modern era, it has had a disproportionate impact on Islamic theology, having been appropriated by

5488:ʿAqīda at-Tahāwīs, the transcendence of God is emphasized: the vision can neither be understood nor described, because none of the creatures are like God. According to al-Ghazālī's creed the pious in the hereafter see the essence of God without 1857:) and take Hidraj from Chorasan to Jerusalem, just how Muhammad himself took a Hidraj from Mecca to Medina. According to the testimony of the transoxanian scholar Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi (d. 1099) the Kullabites (followers of the Basrian scholar 10687: 4053:

that the Muʿtazilites, like the Kharijites, represent a doctrine that is contrary to Sunnism. Ibn Taymiyya argued that the Muʿtazilites belong to the Sunnis in the general sense because they recognize the caliphate of the first three caliphs.

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Regarding the question which dogmatic tendencies are to be assigned to Sunnism, there is no agreement among Muslim scholars. Since the early modern period, is the idea that a total of three groups belong to the Sunnis: 1. those named after

5705:), and while accepting all hadiths verified as authentic, grant a slightly lesser status to the collections of other recorders. Four other hadith collections are also held in particular reverence by Sunni Muslims, making a total of six: 7799: 6839: 2553:, anyone with the intelligence and the will can become an Islamic scholar. During Midday Mosque services on Fridays, the congregation will choose a well-educated person to lead the service, known as a Khateeb (one who speaks). 1884:(d. 983), Abu Schakur as-Salimi (d. 1086) and al-Bazdawi himself. They used the term as a contrast from their enemies among them Hanafites in the West, who have been followers of the Mutazilites. Al-Bazdawī also contrasted the 9857: 9841: 1580:). A disciple of Masrūq, the scholar ash-Shaʿbī (d. between 721 und 729), who first sided with the Shia in Kufa during Civil War, but turned away in disgust by their fanaticism and finally decided to join the Umayyad Caliph 4717:

of the Hanbali Qadi Ibn Abi Yaʿla]] (d. 1131). The first version comes from a treatise on the Sunnah by Ahmad ibn Hanbal's disciple Muhammad ibn Habib al-Andarani, the second is based on Ahmad's disciple Muhammad ibn Yunus

5894:, failed because of resistance from conservative Sunni clergy inside and outside the Diyanet authority. Since the 1990s, the Diyanet authority has presented itself as an institution that stands above the denominations ( 2123:

by Muhammad, as his successors with the accession of Uthman to caliphate, replaced the egalitarian society formed as a result of Muhammad's revolution to a society stratified between haves and have-nots as a result of

1454:, according to which Sunnis are named, is old and roots in pre-Islamic language. It was used for traditions which a majority of people followed. The term got greater political significance after the murder of the third 8608:

The Ash'ari school of theology is often called the Sunni 'orthodoxy.' But the original ahl al-hadith, early Sunni creed from which Ash'arism evolved has continued to thrive alongside it as a rival Sunni 'orthodoxy' as

4015:(d. 2001), who like Ibn Taimiya differentiated between Sunnis in general and special senses, also excluded the Asharites from the circle of Sunnis in the special sense and took the view that only the pious ancestors ( 2509:

to be reliable transmitters of Islam, since God and Muhammad accepted their integrity. Medieval sources even prohibit cursing or vilifying them. This belief is based upon prophetic traditions such as one narrated by

6293:. According to its organizers, the conference should "mark a blessed turning point in efforts to correct the serious and dangerous distortion of religion by those extremists trying to usurp the venerable name of 5484:

that the vision of God was a reality for the inmates of Paradise. Ibn Taimīya doubles the vision of God: people see God while they are still in the places of the resurrection, and then after entering paradise.

6230:). Anyone who declares them to be unbelieving or who doubts their orthodoxy should fear for their religion. On the same day, the fatwa office made clear in a fatwa that, according to their understanding, the 7867:

Source for distribution is the CIA World Factbook, Shiite/Sunnite distribution collected from other sources. Shiites may be underrepresented in some countries where they do not appear in official statistics.

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depictions, neither the founders of these orders nor their followers considered themselves to be anything other than orthodox Sunni Muslims, Many of the most eminent defenders of Islamic orthodoxy, such as

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of the Prophet. Used in conscious opposition to Shi'a, Shi'í. There being no ecclesia or centralized magisterium, the translation 'orthodox' is inappropriate. To the Muslim 'unorthodox' implies heretical,

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is elected. Zitouna University in Tunisia and University of al-Qarawiyyin in Morocco are recognized. They are also mentioned, along with the Azhar, in the final document of the Sunni Conference in Grozny.

5614:), condemned are whose who are condemned by the judgment of God. God created paradise and hell above all else; then he created the people who are worthy of them. He has designated some out of generosity ( 5869:

founded in Saudi Arabia in 1971. In the past, the committee has expressed several times on fatwas about the Sunni-membership of certain Islamic groups within. In 1986 it published a fatwa excluding the

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of Muhammad is the first religious community to enter Paradise, Other religious communities also have the opportunity to get to paradise, because God leads whole peoples through the grace of his mercy (

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The seeds of metamorphosis of caliphate into kingship were sown, as the second caliph Umar had feared, as early as the regime of the third caliph Uthman, who appointed many of his kinsmen from his clan

10694: 9981: 4697:. The individual teaching points differ depending on the author's affiliation to a certain teaching tradition. The most important creeds that explicitly claim to represent the teachings of the Sunnis ( 3632:-law. It is more influenced by Persian interpretations of Islam and less on the traditions established within Arabian culture. In contrast to the traditionalistic approach, Maturidism allows to reject 5637:

The Sunni believer does not doubt his belief. Humans neither know how they are registered by God (whether as believers or unbelievers), nor how it ends with them. God is also the converter of hearts (

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against the enemies of Islam, 8. the general crowd. According to this classification, the Sufis are one of a total of eight groups within Sunnism, defined according to their religious specialization.

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in general, while Turkish tafsir usually partly allow referring to Biblical material. Nevertheless, most non-Arabic commentators regard them as useless or not applicable. A direct reference to the

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The sequence of events of the 20th century has led to resentment in some quarters of the Sunni community due to the loss of pre-eminence in several previously Sunni-dominated regions such as the

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publicly distanced himself from the final declaration of the Grozny conference, reiterating that he had not participated in it and stressed that he naturally viewed the Salafists as Sunnis.

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When it comes to the attributes of God, the Sunnis stand in the middle between the Jahmiyya, who completely drains God of attributes, and the Muschabbiha, who make God similar to creation,

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and no prophet is informed of this. Reflecting on predestination leads to destruction and is a step toward rebellion against God because He has hidden the knowledge about it from people.

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from Sunnism. Among other things, he argued that there was no Salafi madhhab in the first 300 years of Islam. From this he deduced that those who called other Muslims to obey the Salafi

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must blow into the trumpet during thunder and the day of resurrection. Furthermore, to the angels belong the recording angels, who supervise humans and the angel of death, who takes the

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issued a fatwa in 1996 stating that Salafis are Sunnis. Like many Ashʿarites, the Salafis believe their teachings are the only true form of Sunnism, and hence reject the Asharites and

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The Sunnis confess that the names of God cannot be said to be anything other than God, as Muʿtazilites and Kharijites claim. Rather, they teach that there are correlating attributes (

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advocated by the Maturidites and Ashʿarites. The Syrian scholar ʿAbd al-Baqi Ibn Faqih Fussa (d. 1661) calls this third traditionalist group the Hanbalites. The late Ottoman thinker

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The Al-Qaeda Organization and the Islamic State Organization: History, Doctrine, Modus, Operandi, and US Policy to Degrade and Defeat Terrorism Conducted in the Name of Sunni Islam

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was established. Their preferred school of law achieved a new prominence throughout their whole empire although it continued to be followed almost exclusively by followers of the

2514:, in which Muhammad said: "The best of the people are my generation, then those who come after them, then those who come after them." Support for this view is also found in the 5764:

There are also other collections of hadith which also contain many authentic hadith and are frequently used by scholars and specialists. Examples of these collections include:

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are all created by the power of God and bound to his will. Even if humans, jinn, angels and devils aligned to move or stop one atom, they could not succeed without God's will.

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have sole authority in matters of belief and law; and that the use of rational disputation is forbidden even if it verifies the truth. They engage in a literal reading of the

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one time in his true form with 600 wings, filling the entire horizon and another time when he was among the circles of the Sahaba, in the form of a white clothed traveller.

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historical portrayals – and in part on the fact that the overwhelming majority of Muslims throughout the world follows now what emerged as Sunni Islam in the early period.

8139:"Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community." 4139:

scholar Muhammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Bakkī (d. 1510) also included the Sufis in Sunnism. He divided the Sunnis into the following three groups according to their knowledge (

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Steinberg, Guido. "THE WAHHABIYA, SAUDI ARABIA AND THE SALAFIST MOVEMENT." Islamic Movements of Europe: Public Religion and Islamophobia in the Modern World (2014): 38.

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based on reason alone. Nevertheless, revelation remains important to inform humans about that is beyond their intellectual limits, such as the concept of an afterlife.

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after which Yazid established himself as a sovereign, though strong public uprising erupted after his death against his dynasty to avenge the massacre of Karbalā, but

7973: 12743: 7030: 4981:). The attributes are not identical to God, nor are they anything different from him. Only those attributes are ascribed to God which he ascribed to himself (in the 16116: 4764: 9197: 6214:

by the "Egyptian Fatwa Office" in July 2013. In its fatwa, the office rejected this accusation, affirming that the Ashʿarites still represented the "multitude of

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creatures" and that he created this throne, although he did not need it. Al-Ghazali's knowledge of the faith states that the "sitting down" is free from contact (

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and other theological currents, condemning many points of their doctrine as well as the rationalistic methods they used in defending them. In the 10th century AD

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started, one said: 'Name us your informants'. One would then respond to them: If they were Sunnah people, you accept their hadith. But if they are people of the

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from the vision of humans, thus they can usually not see them. Just in some special occusations God unveils them for individual humans. Like when the archangel

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represent Sunnis in the specific sense. About the Maturidiyya he only says that they are closer to the Salafiyya than the Ashʿariyya because they excel more in

15366: 14657: 9131: 6246: 3485: 3423: 2623: 9314: 6022:), who was otherwise known for his uncompromising attitude, also adhered to this view. He said that the Sunnis represented "the middle among the sects of the 5351:. Every claim to prophethood after him is an error or imagination, since Muhammad is the last prophet. Another important point of teaching is the belief in 2095:

on important government positions, becoming the main cause of turmoil resulting in his murder and the ensuing infighting during Ali's time and rebellion by

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too and used them in their works to designate the teachings of their own school. According to al-Bazdawi all Asharites in his time said they belong to the

1726:(people of the righteous) remained interchangeable for a long time. Thus the Hanafite Abū l-Qāsim as-Samarqandī (d. 953), who composed a catechism for the 8004: 15983: 7379: 6175: 6167:

which did not even exist. In his view, only the Ashʿarites were real Sunnis. Abbas' books served as the theological basis for anti-Salafist campaigns in

14270: 18444: 9643: 2453:, reject this approach, arguing the Qur'an is a text for religious guidance, not for science and scientific theories that may be disproved later; thus 7339:

Each of these sectarian movements... used the other to define itself more clearly and in the process to articulate its doctrinal contents and rituals.

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will split into 73 sects, only one of which will be saved. The Sunnis have the idea that they are this "saved sect" ("firqa nā niya"). For example,

5241:. The Sunnis do not differentiate between the messengers of God, (By rejecting some of them), but consider everything they have brought to be true. 1974:, a third juridical source after the Book (Quran), and the Sunnah. The Ottoman scholar Muslih ad-Din al-Qastallani (d. 1495) held the opinnion that 20930: 16082: 11352:, by The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Asma Afsaruddin, Yamini Chauhan, Aakanksha Gaur, Gloria Lotha, Matt Stefon, Noah Tesch and Adam Zeidan 8118: 5177: 4654:

for his doctrine of God's alleged ability to lie (Imkan-e-Kizb) from Delhi in 1825. Ismail is considered as an intellectual ancestor of Deobandis.

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rarely, and preferred another combination. Later Asharites like al-Isfaranini (d. 1027) nad Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi (d. 1078) used the expression

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by Ibn Taimīya (1263–1328), which later received importance especially among the Wahhabis and the Ahl-i Hadīth. It was translated into French by

1715: 21836: 5496:. According to the creed of an-Nasafī, God is seen neither in one place nor in any direction or distance. There is also no connection to rays. 2248:, the biggest Sunni empire for six centuries, brought the caliphate to an end. This resulted in Sunni protests in far off places including the 6091:). Since the Sunnis stay away from the exaggeration described in the traditional ʿAlī saying, al-Qārī believes that they are also the actual " 4947: 2562:

in 2010 and released January 2011 found that there are 1.62 billion Muslims around the world, and it is estimated over 85–90% are Sunni.

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One common mistake is to assume that Sunni Islam represents a normative Islam that emerged during the period after Muhammad's death, and that

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In the 11th century, Sufism, which had previously been a less "codified" trend in Islamic piety, began to be "ordered and crystallized" into

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is according to Sunni views the speech of God. Who listens to it and regards it as human speech is according to Sunni Creed by at-Tahāwī an

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Ahle Sunnat Barelvi movement is spread across the globe with millions of followers, thousands of mosques, institutions and organizations in

4218:. Its principles correspond in the initial stage to the principles of the other two groups, but in the final stage they rely on revelation ( 21788: 19141: 16952: 8623: 8389: 8299: 8103:

The great majority of the world's more than 1.5 billion Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.

6135:, Great-Imam of Azhar, was one of the most important participants of the Sunni-conference in Grozny, distanced himself from the declaration 5121:

The Sunnis further believe in the books of God, sent to the envoys of God. To them belong the Quran, the Torah, the Gospel and the Psalms.

4278:. According to the final document of the Grozny Conference, only those Sufis are to be regarded as Sunnis who are "people of pure Sufism" ( 3910:"I do not share some of the noble scholars of the past and present that we say about a group from the Islamic groups that it is not from 2159: 16959: 16013: 14712: 9333: 4971: 2533:

Sunni Islam does not have a formal hierarchy. Leaders are informal, and gain influence through study to become a scholar of Islamic law (

2403:

in Arabic) in all quarters of the world as evidenced by turnout of almost 2% of the Muslim population in London protesting against ISIL.

11330: 6554: 20824: 20751: 17969: 17070: 11377: 9036: 6120:, palaces, factories and hospitals have achieved an unattainable position because none of the non-Sunnis have performed such services. 6087:). This relates al-Qari to the Qur'anic sura 2: 143, in which it is said that God made the Muslims a community standing in the middle ( 4884: 1707: 5898:) The religious education organized by the authority at the Turkish schools is based exclusively on the Sunni understanding of Islam. 4961: 4262:

wanted to exclude the Sufis from Sunnism. The Yemeni scholar ʿAbbās ibn Mansūr as-Saksakī (d. 1284) explained in his doxographic work

2346:

of the faithful, an honorific way of addressing the caliph. The Taliban regime was recognised by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia till after

20629: 17048: 16977: 16087: 16003: 9468: 9359: 8722: 5866: 3892:

from Sunni Islam. He believed that despite that their fundamental differences from Atharis, not every Ash'ari is to be excluded from

21075: 6030:), just as the Islamic Umma is the middle between the other religious communities. He illustrates this with the following examples: 5221:) that God concluded with him and his descendants according to sura 7:172–173 is a reality according to Sunni belief. God has taken 2522:

of companions are also reliably taken into account for knowledge of the Islamic faith. Sunnis also believe that the companions were

20915: 20789: 20774: 16104: 13647: 13394: 11014: 9284: 9227: 8668: 3852:

is used, the Ashʿarites and Māturīdites are meant. This position was also taken over by the Egyptian Fatwa Office in July 2013. In

6447:

An Introduction to the Hadith. John Burton. Published by Edinburgh University Press. 1996. p. 201. Cite: "Sunni: Of or pertaining

16067: 15988: 13438: 11499: 10767: 8090: 6691:. Karachi, Pakistan: Oxford University Press (First Published By Longman Group Ltd and Librairie du Liban 1979). pp. 19–21. 5845:

in Egypt. Article 32b, paragraph 7 of the Egyptian Azhar Law of 1961 stipulates that the Azhar "follows the path of the Sunnis" (

1880:. During this time, the term has been used as a self-designation by the hanafite Maturidites in Transoxiania, used frequently by 910: 9110: 7848:

Sunnitischer Tafsīr in der modernen islamischen Welt: Akademische Traditionen, Popularisierung und nationalstaatliche Interessen

7827:

Sunnitischer Tafsīr in der modernen islamischen Welt: Akademische Traditionen, Popularisierung und nationalstaatliche Interessen

3992:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli, who took over the distinction between a broader and narrower circle of Sunnis from Ibn Taimiya, said that 16008: 14956: 12870: 11279: 6297:, him to coin exclusively on itself and to exclude its true representatives from it." In the final declaration the Salafis and 4392: 3491: 16861: 6335:

was not only part of Sunnism, but represented Sunnism itself. The conference was chaired by Ahmad ibn Murabit, Grand Mufti of

6245:

became visible again at the two Sunni conferences in 2016, which were directed against the terror of the IS organization. The

20935: 16966: 16396: 16018: 15975: 12610: 12019: 11509: 11491: 9444: 9343: 9237: 9210: 9163: 4239: 3719: 797: 502: 21400: 18439: 13981: 12620: 6316: 4515: 3601: 2386: 2115:. The rise to power of Banu Umayya, the Meccan tribe of elites who had vehemently opposed Muhammad under the leadership of 8210: 5853:. Only those who stick to the paths of their science and behavior can become a "Member of the Council of Great Scholars" ( 5148:) on his Messenger. The path of God's speech to the community of Muslims is a multi-stage process: God pronounced it, the 4436:. Historians have differed regarding the exact delineation of the schools based on the underlying principles they follow. 1821:

are already connected here. As a pair, these terms already appear in the 9th century. It is recorded that the disciple of

21518: 20799: 20400: 16730: 11964: 7528:. Karachi: Oxford University Press (First Published By Longman Group Ltd and Librairie du Liban 1979). pp. 108–109. 7415:] (in Urdu). Lahore, Pakistan: Adara Tarjuman-ul-Quran (Private) Ltd, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan. pp. 105–153. 6386: 5252:, and it is incumbent on people to believe what they have brought to be true. God has given people the act of obedience ( 3387: 1309: 13281: 11031: 7965: 6155:, the Ashʿarite scholar Sirajuddin Abbas (d. 1980) wrote several books in the 1960s in which he explicitly excluded the 21728: 21458: 21340: 20794: 19379: 17333: 9151: 9090: 9006: 8970: 8941: 8636: 8586: 8535: 8507: 8476: 8443: 8410: 8371: 8344: 8286: 8265: 8244: 7921: 7888: 7855: 7834: 7700: 7673: 7648: 7623: 7598: 7558: 7533: 7468: 7441: 7389: 7332: 7301: 6696: 6641: 6537: 6512: 6487: 5678:

each tradition, scrutinizing the trustworthiness of the narrators and judging the strength of each hadith accordingly.

4451:, or "people of traditions", due to their emphasis on restricting juristic thought to only what is found in scripture. 1801:

When the expression 'ahl as-sunna wa l-jama'ah appeared for the first time, is not entirely clear. The Abbasite Caliph

21778: 20604: 17854: 15870: 15824: 15484: 15478: 9266: 4635: 3974: 3640:

on the other hand, do not need prophecy or revelation, but can be understood by reason alone. One of the tribes, the

1573: 975: 345: 14341: 5248:

and presented their truthfulness through obvious miracles. The prophets conveyed God's command and prohibition, his

2545:). Both religious and political leadership are in principle open to all Muslims. According to the Islamic Center of 21831: 19389: 16829: 16389: 15741: 15597: 15132: 15028: 14321: 10726: 10722: 8196: 8192: 7513:] (in Urdu). Lahore, Pakistan: Adara Tarjuman-ul-Quran (Private) Ltd, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan. p. 90. 5879: 5432:

and one tongue and are as big as several layers of heaven and earth. The weights will have the weight of atoms and

2527: 2433: 2327: 575: 77: 13074: 12819: 11207: 6047:

When it comes to the question of faith and religion, they stand in the middle between Haruiyya (= Kharijites) and

5448:) are thrown into the scales of darkness in an ugly form and reduce the weight of the scales through the justice ( 4408:, was, particularly from the 9th to 11th century, an important center of Islamic learning with an emphasis on the 21793: 21688: 20814: 20809: 20765: 20395: 19239: 18498: 17488: 16912: 16225: 16041: 14647: 14595: 14209: 13257: 12921: 11809: 11689: 11264: 6366: 5772: 3505: 3269: 2587:

and 3. a differently named third group, which is traditionalistic-oriented and rejects the rational discourse of

2039:

competition between ideologies. Both sects used each other to further cement their own identities and doctrines.

1157: 7356: 6661: 5610:

It is made easy for everyone for what they were created for. Blessed are whose who are saved by God's judgment (

2597: 21648: 21473: 20746: 19765: 19706: 19593: 19472: 19404: 17832: 17470: 17389: 16290: 15848: 15746: 14889: 12637: 12615: 11929: 11894: 11370: 11172: 8016: 6671: 5886:), follows the religious policy of the Ottoman Empire, providing a Sunni interpretation of Islam. Plans by the 3252: 2827: 1754: 1102: 19885: 19760: 11313:

Applying the Canon in Islam: The Authorization and Maintenance of Interpretive Reasoning in Ḥanafī Scholarship

11232: 11178:

Farooqi, Mudassir, Sarwar Mehmood Azhar, and Rubeena Tashfeen. "Jihadist Organizations History and Analysis."

8054:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population" 6824:

Die ideologische und politische Konfrontation Schia-Sunna: am Beispiel der Stadt Rey des 10. – 12. Jh. n. Chr.

5260:) forbidden. God's right to the acts of obedience is not only an obligation for people through the intellect ( 21798: 21213: 20950: 20614: 20463: 20385: 19807: 18849: 18402: 17041: 17014: 16514: 15658: 15417: 15152: 12764: 12647: 11904: 11724: 11072: 11044: 5890:

in the 1960s to convert the Diyanet authority into a non-denominational institution that also integrated the

4344: 3885: 3357: 2899: 1695:

designated in this situation whose, who stayed away from heretic teachings of the different warring parties.

846: 9639: 6171:

in 2014. During these campaigns, various Salafist schools in Aceh were closed by the provincial government.

5983:

is. These differences are not so great that they considered each other to have strayed from the right path.

5580:). Predestination includes the predestination of good and bad, sweet and bitter. God has that The measured ( 4303:(orders) which have continued until the present day. All these orders were founded by a major Sunni Islamic 1907:("people of Righteousness and Divine Unity"), which was used for Mutazilites or generally designations like 1718:

this term did not mean more than "honorable and righteous believing people". Among Hanafits the designation

21856: 21658: 18871: 17621: 16787: 16210: 16187: 15807: 15663: 15653: 15559: 15270: 14910: 13950: 13431: 13103: 12949: 12899: 12340: 11784: 11243: 6371: 3978: 3861:: "As far as the Sunnis are concerned, it is the Ashʿarites and those who follow in their correct belief." 3341: 3290: 3001: 2882: 1676: 1204: 878: 19895: 5548:) and through the intercession of those who obey him out of hell and make them enter the Paradise Garden. 4563:

as well as many other orders and sub-orders of Sufism. They consider themselves to be the continuation of

3664:

schools within the empire followed the Ash'ari and Athari schools of thought. Thus, wherever can be found

21866: 21578: 21573: 21345: 19868: 19829: 19384: 19298: 18866: 17238: 16919: 16610: 16312: 16177: 15993: 15761: 15554: 14989: 14578: 13468: 13332: 12680: 11994: 11504: 11481: 11476: 11386: 10764:

Qarārāt al-maǧmaʿ al-fiqhī al-Islāmī bi-Makka al-mukarrama fī daurātihī al-ʿišrīn (1398-1432h/1977-2010m)

8110: 8012: 6139:

Since the second half of the 20th century, there have been fierce clashes within the Sunni camps between

5887: 3766:

Traditionalist theology emerged among scholars of hadith who eventually coalesced into a movement called

3217: 3203: 3147: 3119: 3084: 3074: 3008: 2820: 2261: 1919:

was used with a demand on rightoues belief, it was used in academic researches translated as "orthodox".

1238: 925: 752: 279: 19900: 19890: 12042: 10948: 8053: 7137:

Brodersen: "Sunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts." 2019, S. 347. (German)

4744:("Presentation of Sunna and Community"). It has received frequent comments from the 13th century onward. 3914:

due to its deviation in one issue or another... as for whether the Ash’aris or the Maaturidis are from

2180:

were able to quickly suppress them all and ruled the Muslim world, till they were finally overthrown by

1805:(reigned 813–33) criticized in his Mihna edict a group of people, who related themselves to the sunnah ( 20644: 20589: 20285: 19025: 18542: 17233: 17175: 16072: 15955: 15472: 14949: 13987: 13582: 13568: 13307: 13052: 12826: 12308: 11939: 11899: 11634: 11551: 11405: 11300:

Tezcan, Baki. "The Disenchantment of Sufism, the Rationalization of Sunni Islam, and Early Modernity."

11202:

Haddad, Fanar. "Anti-Sunnism and anti-Shiism: Minorities, majorities and the question of equivalence."

9419: 4372:

strands of Sunnism do not accept many mystical practices associated with the contemporary Sufi orders.

3435: 3210: 3053: 2865: 2793: 2647: 2277: 2269: 1881: 965: 384: 18623: 10969: 10857:

The construction of orthodoxy and heresy: Neo-Confucian, Islamic, Jewish, and early Christian patterns

10747: 8781: 4809:

Most of the mentioned branches testify to six principal articles of faith known as the six pillars of

3872:, namely those who were particularly far removed from the Sunnis in terms of faith. Twentieth-century 3864:

Conversely, there were also scholars who excluded the Ashʿarites from Sunnism. The Andalusian scholar

2397:, "The Commander of the Faithful". Jihadism is opposed from within the Muslim community (known as the 2099:, another of Uthman's kinsman. This ultimately resulted in the establishment of firm dynastic rule of 21891: 21680: 21538: 20990: 19878: 19657: 19288: 18918: 18483: 17615: 17367: 17204: 17159: 16635: 16560: 16152: 15853: 15682: 15378: 15158: 15121: 14900: 13534: 13252: 12903: 12665: 11889: 11794: 11769: 11619: 11363: 11254: 9499: 8704:

Ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Naṣr; ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān ʿUmaira. 5 Bde. Dār al-Jīl, Beirut 1985. Bd. II, pp. 265ff.

7164: 7104: 7038: 6331:), in which they also distanced themselves from extremist groups, but at the same time insisted that 6187: 5768: 4012: 3297: 3168: 3140: 2813: 1536:

rebelled against the formation of the state. They led their battles in the name of "the book of God (

1060: 772: 495: 107: 65: 19996: 16926: 14812: 8777: 6633:

Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]

4775:(= 1041/42 AD) which was read in front of a meeting of ascetics and scholars in the caliph's palace. 21395: 21355: 21310: 21100: 21090: 20895: 20649: 20474: 20410: 20380: 20270: 20035: 19944: 19912: 19873: 19785: 18692: 17949: 17885: 17355: 17340: 17034: 16993: 16681: 16660: 16642: 16585: 16307: 16036: 15860: 15633: 15171: 14915: 14905: 14895: 13665: 13185: 12799: 12418: 11989: 11919: 11073:

Aḥmad aṭ-Ṭaiyib: al-Azhar barīʾ min muʾtamar aš-Šīšān.. wa-s-Salafīyūn min ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa

9398:

Introduction of Ahle Sunnat wal Jama'at (Sawad E Azam Ahl E Sunnat Wal Jama'at Aqaed W Mamulat) by

8767:

for example: Halm: "Der Wesir al-Kundurī und die Fitna von Nišāpūr". 1971, pp. 214, 216ff. (German)

8551: 5440:) are thrown in a beautiful shape into the scales of light and weigh down the scales by the grace ( 5161: 4483: 4397: 4380:

Interpreting Islamic law by deriving specific rulings – such as how to pray – is commonly known as

3161: 3098: 2875: 2855: 2546: 2229: 1915:("people of guidance") for Muslims, who has been seen as rightoues believers. Since the expression 1742: 992: 792: 18392: 8998: 8756: 8177: 6967:

Ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Naṣr; ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān ʿUmaira. 5 Bde. Dār al-Ǧīl, Beirut 1985. Bd. II, S. 265.

6841:Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Muqaddima, Bāb anna al-isnād min ad-dīn wa-ʾanna r-riwāya lā takūn illā ʿan aṯ-ṯiqāt 6759: 5340:) of Muhammad internally and externally. They prefer his guidance to the guidance of anyone else. 4610:, the Caribbean, and the United States The movement now has over 200 million followers globally. 2602:(d. 1946), who agreed to dividing Sunnis into these three groups, called the traditionalist group 1970:("Coming together, being together, agreement"). Furthermore, he connects it with the principle of 1245:

dimensions. According to Sunni traditions, Muhammad left no successor and the participants of the

21846: 21783: 21733: 21693: 21638: 21273: 21268: 21158: 21105: 20995: 20925: 20721: 20532: 20447: 19652: 19630: 19429: 19251: 18776: 18434: 18361: 18045: 17416: 17216: 17125: 16688: 16170: 15044: 14803: 14767: 12792: 12750: 12605: 12220: 12009: 11914: 11744: 11699: 11565: 11060:

al-Mafhūm aṣ-ṣaḥīḥ li-ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa wa-aṯaru-hū fī l-wiqāya min al-ġulūw wa-t-taṭarruf

10998: 10688:"Gesetz Nr. 103/1961 über die Neuordnung der Azhar und Gremien, die sie umfasst Art. 32b, Abs. 7" 9531: 9229:

Indentured Muslims in the Diaspora: Identity and Belonging of Minority Groups in Plural Societies

8842: 7526:

The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam (Millennium (Series)) (The Millennium (Series).)

7013: 6794:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Ǧamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. II, S. 221, 224. 6689:

The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam (Millennium (Series)) (The Millennium (Series).)

6582: 6286: 6044:) they stand in the middle between the Murdschi'a and the Waʿīdiyya, a subgroup of the Qadariyya, 5777: 4814: 4642:(1796–1861) founder of the Khairabad School. Fazle Haq Khairabadi Islamic scholar and leader of 4336: 3969:). Sunnis in the general sense are all Muslims who recognize the caliphate of the three caliphs ( 3259: 3224: 3112: 3039: 2962: 2889: 2834: 2614:

as a possible alternative name. Another used for the traditionalist-oriented group is "people of

2252:

in India, which was later on upon gaining independence from Britain divided into Sunni dominated

2163:

and Muawiya enjoyed unchallenged power. Dishonouring his treaty with Hasan, he nominated his son

1680: 1679:, but the second Civil War (680–692) in which the Islamic community was split into four parties ( 1581: 587: 102: 17: 15198: 9612:

Merlin L. Swartz: "A Seventh-Century (A.H.) Sunnī Creed: The ʿAqīda Wāsiṭīya of Ibn Taymīya" in

9511: 8307: 7433: 7427: 7265: 5691:

are six books containing collections of hadiths. Sunni Muslims accept the hadith collections of

3133: 1781:

with further positive additions. Abu al-Hasan al-Ashari used for his own group expressions like

21713: 21608: 21568: 21548: 21405: 21380: 21285: 21258: 21208: 21178: 21168: 21085: 21050: 21035: 21020: 20975: 20910: 20584: 20515: 20420: 20415: 20156: 20079: 19841: 19723: 19647: 19444: 19434: 19293: 19261: 19199: 19170: 18687: 18682: 18379: 18339: 18124: 17465: 17460: 17440: 17436: 16744: 16322: 16251: 16220: 16160: 15142: 15137: 15055: 14485: 14439: 13833: 13514: 13009: 12670: 12600: 12560: 12545: 12225: 11979: 11884: 11869: 11860: 11739: 11704: 11629: 9576: 7128:

Brodersen: "Sunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts." 2019, S. 345.

6396: 6391: 6340: 6282: 5924: 5858: 4767:

is supposed to have read this text, which is shown at the end as the "Doctrine of the Sunnis" (

4631: 4193: 4077: 3621: 3304: 2803: 2786: 2735: 2580: 2511: 1422: 1234: 1216: 1041: 807: 402: 87: 11281:

From Mecca to Selma: Malcolm X, Islam, and the Journey Into the American Civil Rights Movement

8797: 8740: 8578: 8468: 8435: 8158: 8131:

Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.

8046: 7690: 7322: 7291: 6795: 5849:), Umma has agreed to the foundations of the religion and applications of fiqh, with its four 4035:, for example, contrasted them with the Sunnis as a separate group in his heresiographic work 21954: 21899: 21816: 21768: 21743: 21543: 21365: 21360: 21228: 21218: 21040: 20716: 20659: 20479: 20425: 19846: 19824: 19743: 19684: 19350: 18789: 18650: 17812: 17411: 17323: 16822: 16815: 16737: 16268: 16246: 15065: 14942: 14708: 14367: 13539: 13456: 13202: 13172: 12729: 12625: 12172: 11999: 11749: 11659: 10670: 9399: 8858: 8739:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Ǧamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. II, S. 221f. 8402: 8040: 7997: 7943: 6808:

as Sunna wa-š-šiʿa au al-Wahhābīya wa-r-Rāfiḍa: Ḥaqāʾiq dīnīya taʾrīḫīya iǧtimaʿīya iṣlaḥīya.

6562: 5493: 5352: 4945:) which exist in each of the names of God mentioned in the Quran: God is alive through life ( 4639: 4526: 3708:. The name derives from "tradition" in its technical sense as translation of the Arabic word 3365: 3311: 3238: 3060: 2955: 2913: 2143: 1036: 861: 645: 600: 120: 18670: 18618: 14408: 11305: 9040: 8796:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Jamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. VI, S. 379. 8570: 8460: 8427: 8136: 7504: 7406: 6883: 6779: 6631: 5184:

is not created like human speech. Rather, it came from God in an unexplained way as a word (

1627:

as-Sunna wa-š-šiʿa au al-Wahhābīya wa-r-Rāfiḍa: Ḥaqāʾiq dīnīya taʾrīḫīya iǧtimaʿīya iṣlaḥīya

22011: 21944: 21934: 21919: 21826: 21753: 21723: 21698: 21663: 21623: 21618: 21593: 21463: 21385: 21335: 21315: 21305: 21193: 21140: 21115: 20965: 20960: 20940: 20905: 20890: 20834: 20609: 20542: 20510: 20390: 20325: 20191: 20069: 19922: 19802: 19701: 19613: 19581: 19576: 19424: 19156: 18451: 18035: 17795: 17406: 17350: 17301: 17286: 17139: 16716: 16674: 15935: 15842: 15787: 14154: 13561: 13419: 13344: 13189: 13004: 12852: 12757: 12736: 12595: 12550: 12535: 12084: 11934: 11924: 11909: 11729: 11694: 11684: 11679: 11654: 11215:

Theology and creed in Sunni Islam: the Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and political Sunnism

8962: 8573:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8463:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8430:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8332:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

7167:– Französische Übersetzung André Miquel. Institut Français de Damas, Damaskus, 1963. S. 88. 6376: 6290: 5916: 5745: 5722: 5696: 5336:, except that which he has confirmed. Part of the Sunnis path is to follow the traditions ( 5264:), but also through it for making it a duty through the oral transmission of his prophets. 4623: 3459: 3447: 3372: 3276: 3231: 3196: 3105: 2977: 2848: 2841: 2411: 2390: 2378: 2108: 1654: 488: 38: 17648: 8714: 6950:. 8. Aufl. Ed. Aḥmad Saʿd Ḥamdān. Wizārat aš-šuʾūn al-islāmīya, Riad, 2003. Bd. I, S. 65. 6222:), and stressed out that they were the ones who in the past rejected the arguments of the 5963:). According to al-Baghdadi, they are composed of two groups, namely the followers of the 1258: 8: 21949: 21924: 21904: 21881: 21808: 21758: 21738: 21653: 21643: 21598: 21558: 21513: 21508: 21498: 21488: 21483: 21478: 21468: 21453: 21448: 21443: 21438: 21433: 21410: 21320: 21295: 21173: 21163: 21125: 21095: 21080: 21065: 21055: 21045: 21010: 21005: 20955: 20900: 20875: 20819: 20676: 20664: 20552: 20547: 20537: 20405: 20206: 20119: 20064: 20040: 19927: 19812: 19770: 19565: 19414: 19042: 18834: 18719: 18515: 18317: 18202: 18130: 18020: 17941: 17768: 17421: 17245: 17091: 16794: 16500: 16165: 16046: 15940: 15756: 15253: 15050: 14821: 14588: 14388: 14159: 13890: 13767: 13406: 12706: 12632: 11974: 11624: 11438: 10873: 10738:

Mustafa Kabha und Haggai Erlich: "Al-Ahbash and Wahhabiyya: Interpretations of Islam" in

10638: 9139: 8058: 5842: 5809: 5713: 5016: 4904:). He has neither taken a companion nor children, neither conceived nor is he conceived. 4533: 3587: 3429: 3189: 3126: 3015: 2906: 2558: 2450: 2147: 2116: 1766:(d. 1064) taught later, that whose who confess to Islam can be divided into four groups: 1150: 1046: 680: 580: 437: 97: 11324: 11009: 8663: 7772: 6951: 6249:

with the title "Who are the Ahl al-Sunna wa al-jama?" took place in the Chechen capital

5959:. These are the 72 erring sects. The 73rd sect that is the "saved sect" are the Sunnis ( 4445:, or "people of reason", due to their emphasis on scholarly judgment and discourse; and 3749:(metaphorical interpretation). They do not attempt to conceptualize the meanings of the 1841:("Jammatic Sunnite"). This indicates that the Hanbalis were the first to use the phrase 21929: 21909: 21876: 21773: 21763: 21708: 21703: 21633: 21613: 21603: 21588: 21583: 21563: 21533: 21528: 21503: 21493: 21425: 21390: 21375: 21280: 21253: 21243: 21203: 21188: 21183: 21135: 21130: 21070: 21025: 20985: 20880: 20867: 20654: 20579: 20452: 20275: 19949: 19907: 19748: 19716: 19691: 19618: 19598: 19419: 19367: 19355: 19333: 18925: 18883: 18756: 18591: 18586: 18581: 18412: 18196: 18172: 17551: 17475: 17223: 17169: 16938: 16780: 16667: 16553: 16521: 16493: 16461: 16327: 16241: 16092: 16028: 15836: 15812: 15489: 15467: 15427: 15317: 15230: 15181: 15147: 15038: 14752: 13635: 13591: 13336: 13149: 13036: 12810: 12771: 12685: 12520: 12483: 12445: 12367: 12242: 12014: 11799: 11674: 11649: 11471: 11458: 8336: 7739: 6302: 6274: 5795: 5790: 5786: 5477: 5406: 5249: 4912:) because he has existed for all eternity and nothing precedes him, and he is endless ( 4651: 4353: 4320: 4312: 3380: 2651: 2158:

his elder son from Fātima to succeed him. Hasan shortly afterward signed a treaty with

1688: 1398: 1070: 1027: 997: 980: 955: 900: 856: 568: 82: 19037: 18596: 18224: 17954: 14728: 9066: 8857:

Ed. Bassām ʿAlī Salāma al-ʿAmūš. 2. Aufl. Maktabat al-Manār, az-Zarqā', 1996. p. 101.

7384:. New York Chichester West Sussex: A Columbia University Press. p. 526 (kindle). 3759:). In essence, the text of the Qur'an and Hadith is accepted without asking "how" or " 2354:– a Saudi national by birth and harboured by the Taliban – took place, resulting in a 21986: 21980: 21914: 21871: 21861: 21851: 21841: 21748: 21668: 21628: 21553: 21523: 21415: 21370: 21350: 21325: 21300: 21263: 21248: 21223: 21198: 21110: 21060: 21015: 21000: 20980: 20970: 20945: 20885: 20829: 20594: 20370: 19966: 19937: 19861: 19856: 19817: 19755: 19711: 19696: 19679: 19674: 19669: 19608: 19343: 19229: 18995: 18965: 18945: 18766: 18571: 18552: 18547: 18493: 18456: 18177: 18092: 18015: 17913: 17903: 17871: 17859: 17827: 17804: 17786: 17682: 17537: 17445: 17431: 17394: 17382: 17211: 17130: 17082: 16986: 16773: 16766: 16628: 16578: 16454: 16302: 16297: 16202: 16192: 16182: 15865: 15751: 15703: 15546: 15457: 15218: 15208: 15203: 15193: 15188: 15021: 14778: 14744: 14688: 13931: 13870: 13777: 13485: 13349: 13198: 13144: 13040: 12675: 12642: 12570: 12565: 12525: 12513: 12498: 12478: 12379: 12355: 12181: 12004: 11844: 11779: 10654: 9450: 9440: 9339: 9233: 9206: 9147: 9102: 9086: 9002: 8966: 8937: 8632: 8582: 8571: 8531: 8503: 8472: 8461: 8439: 8428: 8406: 8367: 8340: 8282: 8261: 8240: 8082: 8076:

Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.

7917: 7884: 7851: 7830: 7696: 7669: 7644: 7619: 7594: 7554: 7529: 7464: 7437: 7385: 7328: 7297: 6778:

Ed. Šuʿaib al-Arnāʾūṭ. 11. Aufl. Muʾassasat ar-Risāla, Beirut, 1996. Bd. IV, S. 300.

6692: 6667: 6637: 6587: 6533: 6508: 6483: 6361: 5804: 5568:

According to Sunni doctrine, everything that happens happens through God's decision (

5436:

in order to realize the accuracy of God's righteousness. The leaves with good deeds (

5210: 4837: 4740:

The confession of the Egyptian Hanafi at-Tahāwī (d. 933), also known under the title

4693:, which summarize the most important points in the form of a list in the manner of a 4627: 4518: 4328: 4287: 4231: 3794: 3575: 3283: 3032: 3022: 2969: 2778: 2713: 2666: 2440:

is motivated by political discourse or by traditionalist thought alone. The usage of

2331: 2306:(1263–1328 C.E/ 661–728 A.H), a fervent advocate of the traditions of the Sunni Imam 2249: 2173: 2120: 2112: 2092: 1987: 1525: 1517: 1111: 1075: 1022: 935: 895: 757: 379: 357: 217: 19449: 19047: 18707: 18461: 13936: 7743: 6037:

in the works of God they stand in the middle between the Qadariyya and the Jabriyya,

5106: 4073: 1649:

derives from the Basric scholar Muhammad Ibn Siri (d. 728). His is mentioned in the

21939: 21821: 21718: 21330: 21290: 21238: 21233: 21150: 21120: 21030: 20920: 20784: 20736: 20731: 20295: 20260: 20233: 19991: 19976: 19851: 19775: 19625: 19603: 19511: 19372: 19151: 19114: 18970: 18955: 18903: 18697: 18677: 18645: 18640: 18611: 18606: 18530: 18520: 18349: 18313: 18305: 18276: 18189: 18109: 18104: 18067: 18057: 17983: 17921: 17763: 17600: 17450: 17108: 16836: 16709: 16702: 16507: 16468: 16440: 16332: 16317: 16077: 15782: 15504: 15442: 15432: 15422: 15407: 15213: 15116: 15088: 14976: 13746: 13720: 13423: 13096: 12999: 12840: 12722: 12575: 12555: 12540: 12105: 11764: 11532: 11259:

Nuruzzaman, Mohammed. "Conflicts in Sunni Political Islam and Their Implications."

11045:

Muʾtamar bi-l-Kuwait raddan ʿalā Ġurūznī as-salaf hum as-sunna... wa-lā li-ṯ-ṯaurāt

9082: 8994: 8958: 8398: 7729: 6657: 6615:

Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi (2004). "Sunni Islam". In Philip Mattar (ed.).

6356: 5781: 5709: 5692: 5513: 5373: 5222: 4706: 4619: 3773: 3350: 3325: 3318: 2307: 2206: 1822: 1477: 1176: 920: 915: 866: 851: 836: 745: 624: 352: 19588: 11183: 7012:. Hrsg. von M. J. de Goeje. Brill, Leiden, 1879–1901. Bd. III, S. 1114, Zeile 4–8 5587:

God has written the things predestined for the creatures on the well-kept tablet (

2385:

to re-establish a Sunni caliphate was seen in the emergence of the militant group

1675:

in this statement is not related to the first Civil War (665–661) after murder of

21990: 20619: 20599: 20089: 19981: 19971: 19640: 19308: 19099: 19079: 19010: 18975: 18908: 18628: 18601: 18576: 18525: 18503: 18296: 18239: 18010: 17527: 17328: 17254: 17194: 17149: 17118: 17000: 16801: 16723: 16539: 16475: 16431: 16258: 15965: 15910: 15710: 15396: 15356: 15307: 15259: 15033: 14816: 14703: 14290: 13640: 13625: 13587: 13554: 13529: 13443: 13390: 13291: 13286: 13262: 13176: 13079: 13026: 13021: 12508: 12411: 12406: 12389: 12350: 12290: 12247: 12054: 11984: 11789: 11537: 11312: 11190:

Islamic reform and conservatism: Al-Azhar and the evolution of modern Sunni Islam

11169:

The History of the Sunni and Shia Split: Understanding the Divisions within Islam

11018: 9601:

La profession de foi d'Ibn Taymiyya, texte, trad. et commentaire de la Wāsiṭiyya.

9143: 8672: 8361: 8330: 7588: 7551:

The Early Abbasid Caliphate: A Political History (Routledge Revivals) 1st Edition

7458: 6854:

Muslim tradition. Studies in chronology, provenance and authorship of early ḥadīṯ

6828:

The Sunna and Shi'a in history. Division and ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East.

6758:. Ed. Akram Ḍiyāʾ al-ʿUmarī. 3 Bde. Bagdad: Maṭbaʿat Aršād 1975. Bd. II, p. 813. 6147: 5956: 5818: 5754: 5736: 5727: 5667:

The Quran as it exists today in book form was compiled by Muhammad's companions (

5517: 5036: 4843: 4828: 4779: 4674: 4511: 4460: 4304: 3881: 3777: 3402: 3245: 3154: 2945: 2938: 2673:

cannot be derived from human reason, but that God's commands, as revealed in the

2655: 2421: 2382: 2351: 2290: 1999: 1684: 1588:. It is also passed down by asch-Shaʿbī, that he took offensive at the hatred on 1469: 1055: 871: 831: 820: 802: 705: 650: 563: 443: 362: 92: 14430: 10892: 9385:

Sufisticated:Exploring post-Tariqa Sufi expression amongst young British Muslims

7492:] (in Urdu). Karachi Pakistan: Majlis-e-Nashriyat-e-Islam. pp. 218–382. 5841:

One of the most important teaching institutions of Sunni Islam worldwide is the

5472:. With this teaching the Sunnis set themselves apart from the Muʿtazilites, the 4756: 2681:(the practices of Muhammad and his companions as recorded in the traditions, or 2077: 1896: 1802: 20741: 20634: 20574: 20290: 20265: 20050: 19954: 19836: 19780: 19733: 19146: 19094: 18990: 18960: 18940: 18935: 18930: 18913: 18809: 18729: 18712: 18665: 18655: 17699: 17362: 17345: 17164: 17144: 17113: 17007: 16942: 16905: 16695: 16546: 16370: 16097: 15950: 15792: 15494: 14838: 14757: 14623: 14600: 14583: 14434: 14359: 14283: 13804: 13710: 13319: 13274: 13269: 13120: 13089: 12994: 12877: 12715: 12468: 12401: 12394: 12384: 12232: 11969: 11830: 11759: 11734: 11594: 11527: 11443: 11285: 9503: 9383: 8826: 8523: 8495: 7939: 6401: 6343: 6306: 6278: 6254: 6132: 5674: 5429: 5333: 5230: 4822: 4794:) and deals first with the doctrine of God and then the other doctrinal points. 4643: 4599: 4503: 4441: 4247: 3853: 3753:

rationally, and believe that their realities should be consigned to God alone (

3649: 3067: 3046: 2765: 2701:

over human free will and they believe that the Quran is eternal and uncreated.

2550: 2374: 2245: 2210: 2198: 2128:, and in the words of El-Hibri through "the use of religious charity revenues ( 2104: 2070:

after the murder of Ali, until the caliphate was constitutionally abolished in

2066:, though they did not include anyone in the list of the rightly guided ones or 1143: 1015: 1002: 960: 905: 519: 294: 222: 18702: 17964: 14798: 14605: 13797: 11162:

Sectarian war: Pakistan's Sunni-Shia violence and its links to the Middle East

8688:. Ed. ʿĀṣim Ibrāhīm al-Kaiyālī. Dār al-kutub al-ʿilmīya, Beirut, 2005. p. 347. 7734: 7717: 7575:

The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilization in India

5967:

and the followers of the hadith. They agreed on the fundamentals of religion (

5189: 1774:, Murjites, Shites, Kharijites. The Muʿtazilites replaced the Qadarites here. 22005: 20669: 20223: 20104: 19496: 19491: 19439: 19276: 19214: 19109: 19000: 18898: 18829: 18761: 18751: 18724: 18660: 18557: 18535: 18473: 18369: 18332: 18251: 18159: 17610: 17561: 17266: 16898: 16808: 16592: 16273: 16110: 15960: 15499: 15462: 15437: 15322: 14762: 14692: 14672: 14634: 14258: 14243: 14007:

Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī

13814: 13739: 13549: 13510: 13497: 13472: 13378: 13167: 13139: 13016: 12970: 12888: 12587: 12488: 12473: 12463: 12298: 12260: 12237: 12199: 12110: 11840: 11834: 11824: 11812: 9454: 9192: 9074: 7613: 6591: 6195: 6000:

theory, you hold exactly the middle between the two extreme positions of the

5813: 5410: 5347:) such as the splitting of the moon. The most obvious miracle is the Quran's 5214: 5149: 5065: 4564: 4556: 4522: 4463:

school representing tradition, and a broader, middle school encompassing the

4447: 4324: 4153: 4081: 3954: 3781: 3768: 3727: 3523: 3465: 3453: 3441: 3182: 3091: 2928: 2689: 2572: 2355: 2314:

resulted in the radicalisation of Afghan refugees in Pakistan who fought the

2303: 2155: 1830: 1614: 1613:

as a group-name for Sunnis is a relatively young phenomenon. It was probably

1080: 985: 945: 304: 237: 212: 207: 19338: 14724: 11197:

Understanding 'Sectarianism': Sunni-Shi'a Relations in the Modern Arab World

5833: 4817:. Traditionally, these Sunni articles of faith have included the following: 2632:, i.e. who refrain from interpreting the ambiguous statements of the Quran. 20804: 20706: 20567: 20255: 20250: 20228: 20218: 20099: 19531: 19466: 19409: 19394: 19360: 18985: 18893: 17931: 17822: 17817: 17668: 17638: 17512: 17480: 17228: 17199: 17186: 16891: 16854: 16447: 16360: 16285: 15945: 15797: 15675: 15391: 15295: 15283: 14997: 14790: 14719: 14507:

Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī

14447: 14425: 14416: 14316: 13793: 13609: 13544: 13237: 13134: 13125: 13031: 12785: 12453: 12372: 12303: 12167: 11664: 11604: 11579: 11560: 10742:

38/4 (2006) 519–538. Hier p. 527f. und Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd ar-Razzāq ad-Darwīš:

7432:. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Auckland: Anchor (Doubleday). p. 6422: 6179: 6012: 5731: 5718: 5656: 5469: 5401:) that precede the day of resurrection. This includes the emergence of the 5028: 4985:) or which his prophet ascribed to him. And every attribute that he or his 4864: 4802: 4709:, in which he defined "the characteristics of the believer of the Sunnis" ( 4670: 4603: 4105: 4009: 3844:

alone. For example, Murtadā az-Zabīdī (d. 1790) wrote in his commentary on

3804: 3641: 3625: 3565: 2693: 2662:

wrote on the creed discussing it and agreeing upon some of its principles.

2273: 1829:, to which the Mutazilite Abu al-Qasim al-Balchi wrote a refutation later. 1663: 1618: 1547: 1323: 1131: 1087: 824: 556: 545: 478: 458: 372: 286: 19032: 17719: 16381: 14457: 13955: 13575: 10982:

Wahhabism and the Rise of the New Salafis. Theology, Power and Sunni Islam

6954:– Engl. Übers. bei Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, S. 319. 6102: 6048: 5176:

individable and can not be split by the transmition from heart to paper.

5086:

whispers doubts to humans and hits them, as the Quran states. But humans,

4506:

later reaffirmed the official status of four schools as a reaction to the

4282:) in the knowledge, ethics and purification of the interior, according to 4028: 3832:

There were also Muslim scholars who wanted to limit the Sunni term to the

2276:, a dynastic absolute monarchy that championed the reformist doctrines of 1617:, who used the short-term for the first time. It was later popularized by 20726: 20701: 20525: 20493: 20484: 20430: 20360: 20345: 20238: 20129: 19790: 19738: 19526: 19244: 19224: 19064: 19005: 18743: 18739: 18562: 18082: 18030: 18000: 17837: 17691: 17583: 17372: 17308: 17259: 15922: 15412: 15351: 15165: 14772: 14494: 14462: 14412: 14278: 13976: 13941: 13923: 13715: 13452: 13382: 13062: 12530: 12503: 12493: 12430: 12335: 12325: 12320: 12152: 12135: 11959: 11874: 11714: 11589: 11345: 6577: 6071: 5948: 5928: 5749: 5652: 4591: 4544: 4479: 4452: 4423: 4348: 3785: 3760: 3175: 2755: 2698: 2626:. Only those "people of the Hadith" are assigned to Sunnism who practice 2366: 2339: 2335: 2241: 2177: 2100: 2084: 1995: 1771: 1750: 1745:(d. 797) for a person, who distances himself from the teachings of Shia, 1730:, used sometimes one expression and sometimes another for his own group. 1622: 1481: 841: 765: 55: 20045: 19986: 19089: 18510: 18344: 17893: 8894:(Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p. 16 7901: 7881:

in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God

7278:

Modern Trends in Islamic Theological Discourse in 20th Century Indonesia

5499: 5413:. Jesus, the son of Mary, will descend from heaven and kill the Dajjal. 3970: 2225: 2046:

or "Rightly-Guided Ones". Sunni recognition includes the aforementioned

1825:

Harb ibn Ismail as-Sirjdshani (d. 893) created a writing with the title

1569: 20692: 20687: 20562: 20557: 20520: 20498: 20355: 20335: 20330: 20171: 20161: 20124: 19728: 19506: 19454: 19194: 18839: 18819: 18397: 18322: 18261: 18025: 18005: 17926: 17578: 17546: 17517: 17296: 17291: 17276: 16215: 15312: 15287: 14421: 14218: 13999: 13945: 13843: 13781: 13732: 13698: 13651: 13572: 13505: 13492: 13410: 13386: 13315: 13220: 13162: 13084: 12987: 12360: 12124: 12120: 11954: 11879: 11855: 11820: 11774: 11709: 11669: 11644: 11599: 11584: 11574: 11316: 10818:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

10805:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

10792:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

9588: 8989:(2014). "Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence". In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). 8986: 7792:"Cologne rally: As many as 10,000 Muslims to protest Islamic extremism" 6336: 6319:

were excluded from Sunni Islam. In response to this, various prominent

6141: 6063: 5952: 5940: 5799: 5740: 5521: 5115: 4772: 4587: 4560: 4507: 4495: 4464: 4357: 4340: 4332: 4235: 4185: 3993: 3889: 3869: 3845: 3834: 3808: 3518: 2984: 2729: 2721: 2659: 2641: 2576: 2485: 2407: 2265: 2202: 2194: 2181: 2096: 2035: 1858: 1849: 1809:) and claimed, they are the "people of truth, religion and community" ( 1746: 1710:, insisted that this were "righteous people and people of the Sunnah" ( 1703: 1551: 1533: 1508:") should be consulted to resolve the conflict. The time when the term 1414: 1329: 1230: 888: 290: 19536: 18417: 12205:

Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)

12064:

Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī

11032:"The Conference of Ulama in Grozny: the Reaction of the Islamic World" 5372:

According to Sunni doctrine, people are questioned in their graves by

5064:

has the mission to transmit God's revelations to chosen Prophets. The

4787: 4529:, recognize the Ẓāhirīs and keep the number of Sunni schools at five. 3981:). In his opinion, this includes all Islamic groups except the Shiite 20639: 20435: 20350: 20340: 20211: 20166: 20151: 20084: 19932: 19399: 19321: 19281: 19271: 19234: 19209: 19189: 19084: 18950: 18804: 18794: 18566: 18424: 18234: 18219: 18184: 18167: 18149: 18062: 17842: 17758: 17737: 17732: 17709: 17704: 17663: 17658: 17595: 17532: 17455: 17426: 17377: 17318: 17271: 15930: 15361: 15176: 14676: 14664: 14642: 14573: 14486:

Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī

14477: 14383: 14328: 14253: 13907: 13902: 13828: 13772: 13518: 13373: 13366: 13242: 13153: 13067: 13047: 12892: 12833: 12345: 12313: 12268:

Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī

12156: 12034: 11949: 11944: 11754: 11719: 11614: 11609: 9527: 9434: 9267:"The saints go marching out as the face of Islam hardens in Pakistan" 9134:, "An Overview of al-Sadiq al-Madhi's Islamic Discourse". Taken from 7352: 7005: 6207: 6152: 6005: 5944: 5871: 5822: 5758: 5599: 5473: 5213:

of God is also part of the Sunni faith. The first of the prophets is

5111: 5009: 4694: 4657:

The movement emphasizes personal devotion to and oneness of God i.e.

4595: 4316: 4308: 4275: 3950: 3877: 3858: 3789: 3745: 3540: 3395: 2920: 2739: 2523: 2315: 2285: 2281: 2151: 1931: 1727: 1630: 1277: 1237:

and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as

787: 419: 367: 244: 18114: 17643: 14667: 11231:(Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, 2017) 7037:

Ed. F. Wüstenfeld. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1866–1870. Bd. III, S. 213f.

6505:

The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation

5001: 4157:): Their principles are based on the hearing-based evidence, namely 2326:. After the fall of communist regime in Afghanistan and the ensuing 2187: 1668: 20442: 20186: 20176: 20031: 19521: 19501: 19328: 19204: 19059: 18633: 18387: 18327: 18246: 18154: 18141: 18119: 18099: 18077: 18072: 18052: 17992: 17959: 17898: 17742: 17727: 17605: 17566: 17522: 17313: 17250: 17154: 17057: 16873: 16263: 15769: 15627: 15579: 15373: 15327: 15291: 15016: 14861: 14828: 14683: 14568: 14560: 14354: 13759: 13690: 13613: 13596: 13427: 13414: 13247: 13193: 12975: 12423: 12214: 12047: 11639: 11355: 9226:

Hassankhan, Maurits S.; Vahed, Goolam; Roopnarine, Lomarsh (2016).

7878: 6614: 6327:

in November 2016 under the title "The Correct Meaning of Sunnism" (

6298: 6183: 6001: 5660: 5348: 5281: 5245: 5234: 5196:

originated from God and will return (sc. At the end of times) too.

5157: 5153: 5141: 5048: 5005: 4615: 4583: 4572: 4568: 4401: 4043:

are also differentiated to the Muʿtazilites. In 2010 the Jordanian

4032: 3997: 3985:. Sunnis in the special sense are only the "people of the hadith" ( 3865: 3840: 3669: 3615: 3545: 2603: 2584: 2506: 2466: 2311: 2299: 2295: 2284:. This was followed by a considerable rise in the influence of the 2253: 2125: 2088: 2047: 2043: 1763: 1352: 1345: 1333: 1305: 1297: 1250: 1226: 1097: 1065: 779: 713: 300: 167: 160: 11222:

After the prophet: the epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam

8878:, ed. William C. Chittick (Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2007), p. 76 8870: 8868: 8866: 8029:

Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population

7381:

Parable and Politics in Early Islamic History:The Rashidun Caliphs

5293: 4977: 4005: 2588: 1892:, "because they would adhere to teachings contrary to the Quran". 1741:(adherent to the sunnah). This expression was used for example by 1292:

rulings are derived from these basic sources, in conjunction with

20711: 20315: 20280: 20201: 20114: 20055: 19959: 19662: 19516: 19266: 19219: 19104: 18980: 18799: 18266: 18229: 18040: 17590: 17556: 17399: 17100: 16278: 15884: 15572: 15452: 15344: 15337: 15332: 15074: 14866: 14846: 14807: 14652: 14499:

Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī

14443: 14400: 14247: 14237: 13962: 13911: 13865: 13703: 13600: 13501: 13480: 13359: 13354: 13229: 13180: 13108: 13057: 12778: 12657: 12330: 12144: 12076: 11466: 8530:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). pp. 123–124. 8258:

Being Muslim in Central Asia: Practices, Politics, and Identities

8037:"Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world's Muslim population" 6826:

Inaugural-Dissertation Köln 1992 und Ofra Bengo und Meir Litvak:

6743:

God's Caliph. Religious authority in the first centuries of Islam

6311: 6128: 6117: 6113: 6074:(d. 1606) continued this idea later. In his anti-Shiite pamphlet 5964: 5891: 5850: 5669: 5433: 5428:

A scales are set up to weigh people's deeds. The scales have two

5377:

inspectors of the grave and their questioning is the first test (

5273: 5238: 5095: 5082:

Unlike the Mutazilites and the Jahmites, the Sunnis believe that

5072: 5061: 5044: 5020: 5012: 4986: 4658: 4499: 4472: 4428: 4405: 4369: 4361: 4136: 3873: 3821: 3813: 3797: 2502: 2370: 2323: 2260:. Pakistan, the most populous Sunni state at its dawn, was later 2233: 2214: 2164: 2010: 1837:, that Ahmad ibn Hanbal attributed to his students the predicate 1349: 1313: 1301: 1246: 1212: 930: 607: 196: 127: 10766:

Rābiṭat al-ʿālam al-islāmī, Mekka o. D. p. 257–260. p. 258

8279:

Theorizing Central Asian Politics: The State, Ideology and Power

6856:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge u. a. 1983. S. 17f. 5528:) after being punished. Al-Ghazālī adds that through the grace ( 5136:

as the speech of God is sent down by the "trustworthy Spirit" (

4805:, by Merlin Swartz into English and by Clemens Wein into German. 4072:

are also part of Sunnism. This view can already be found in the

2658:

and developed in parts of the Islamic world throughout history;

1558:). It is recorded by Masrūq ibn al-Adschdaʿ (d. 683), who was a 1261:, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin 20624: 20503: 20488: 20307: 20196: 20181: 20139: 19917: 19795: 19069: 18824: 18814: 18468: 18429: 18271: 17879: 17849: 17573: 16415: 15802: 15776: 15735: 15696: 15613: 15526: 15447: 15302: 15248: 15243: 15010: 14934: 14871: 14851: 14732: 14696: 13885: 13788: 13725: 13604: 13447: 13401: 12881: 12190:

Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)

12148: 12095: 11519: 11430: 11323: 10859:. State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1998. p. 107. 9078: 8863: 6324: 6250: 6234:

only refer to those Muslims who are Ashʿarites or Maturidites.

6223: 6059: 6055: 5936: 5912: 5489: 5402: 5386: 5329: 5091: 5054: 5040: 5024: 4875: 4662: 4607: 4552: 4548: 4491: 4487: 4468: 4456: 4418: 4409: 4365: 4299: 4283: 4215: 4203: 4189: 4167: 4148: 4113: 4101: 4069: 4063: 3982: 3928: 3817: 3755: 3736: 3710: 3704: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3653: 3645: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3528: 2994: 2682: 2670: 2669:

over human reason. Contrary to the Mu'tazilites, they say that

2628: 2615: 2535: 2519: 2416: 2362: 2302:

movements that revived the doctrines of the Hanbali theologian

2071: 2063: 2055: 2031: 2023: 1979: 1634: 1594: 1513: 1496: 1458: 1455: 1406: 1374: 1317: 1289: 1273: 1254: 1221: 950: 940: 729: 697: 689: 674: 668: 552: 414: 389: 323: 265: 258: 251: 177: 72: 19015: 12055:

Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī

8841:. Muʾassasat at-taʾrīḫ al-ʿArabī, Beirut, 1994. Bd. II, S. 86 7970:

The Future of the Global Muslim Population – Executive Summary

7176:

So Kate Chambers Seelye in ihrer Übersetzung von al-Baghdādīs

6532:(illustrated ed.). B&H Publishing Group. p. 62. 5992:

Islamic groups. An example is the question of predestination (

5865:

Another body that claims to speak on behalf of Sunnism is the

4908:

his creation, God has a timeless nature. He is beginningless (

3996:

and the Ashʿarīyya are Sunnis in the general sense, while the

2436:

could not be found. It remains unclear whether the refusal of

1671:, the hadith was rejected." G.H.A. Juynboll assumed, the term 20320: 20094: 20074: 20059: 19635: 19461: 19256: 19119: 19074: 19054: 18256: 17653: 17499: 17281: 16867: 16051: 15876: 15830: 15818: 15620: 15606: 15565: 15238: 15095: 15081: 15002: 14965: 14856: 13897: 13522: 13323: 13311: 12113: 12088: 12059: 11448: 11021:

Fatwa Nr. 2370 des ägyptischen Fatwa-Amtes vom 24. Juli 2013.

10891:. Ed. Maǧīd Ḫalaf. Markaz al-Furqān, Kairo, 2004. p. 74, 76. 8675:

Fatwa Nr. 2366 des ägyptischen Fatwa-Amtes vom 24. Juli 2013.

8631:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 625. 7429:

After the Prophet:The Epic Story of Shia-Sunni Split in Islam

7264:. Muʾassasat at-taʾrīḫ al-ʿArabī, Beirut, 1994. Bd. II, S. 6 6270: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6215: 6211: 5993: 5980: 5976: 5701: 5573: 5321: 5193: 5181: 5172: 5165: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5083: 5069: 5058: 4990: 4982: 4850: 4690: 4579: 4433: 4258: 4158: 4128: 4122: 4109: 4093: 4050: 4045: 3944: 3898: 3698: 3692: 3687: 3657: 2541: 2515: 2494: 2399: 2257: 2168: 2139: 2130: 2078:

Transition of caliphate into dynastic monarchy of Banu Umayya

2019: 2015: 1930:

actually means, among Muslim scholars. In the Sunni Creed by

1908: 1658: 1589: 1560: 1538: 1430: 1339: 1293: 1269: 1208: 1185: 1092: 970: 661: 619: 612: 535: 527: 409: 331: 314: 137: 132: 11240:

Localism, War, and the Fragmentation of Sunni Islam in Syria

8953:

Rabb, Intisar A. (2009). "Fiqh". In John L. Esposito (ed.).

8502:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). p. 130. 7614:

Ian Harris; Stuart Mews; Paul Morris; John Shepherd (1992).

5460:

The teachings of the Sunnis also include the vision of God (

4510:

character of their ideological and political archrival, the

4252:

muḥaddiṯhūn), the Sufis, the Ashʿarites and the Māturīdites.

2134:) to subsidise family interests, which Uthman justified as ' 20245: 20134: 18087: 17026: 15717: 15689: 15639: 15586: 15531: 15102: 14550:

Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī

12099: 12094:

Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-

12024: 10760:Ḥukm al-ḫilāf al-ʿaqadī wa-l-fiqhī wa-t-taʿaṣṣub al-maḏhabī 8886: 8884: 8237:

Muslim in Central Asia: Practices, Politics, and Identities

7914:

Dissent on Core Beliefs: Religious and Secular Perspectives

6617:

The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa

6168: 6092: 6023: 5997: 5920: 5626:), the hour he dies, his deeds and whether he is a damned ( 5505: 5325: 5324:

and Non-Arabs as well as sent to the general public of the

5297: 5087: 4882:) God, besides whom there is no other deity. He is single ( 4782:(d. 1111) in his second book of his religious encyclopedia 4666: 4416:

There are many intellectual traditions within the field of

4381: 4307:, and some of the largest and most widespread included the 4173: 4097: 4001: 3868:(d. 1064) said that Abu l-Hasan al-Ashʿarī belonged to the 2347: 2343: 2319: 2154:. After he was murdered, his followers immediately elected 2051: 1971: 1565: 1529: 1363: 1285: 1281: 1242: 1191: 721: 629: 327: 200: 172: 147: 142: 14510:

Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī

9587:

Ed. Ašraf ibn ʿAbd al-Maqṣūd. Aḍwāʾ as-salaf, Riad, 1999.

8604:

Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World

8558:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). p. 53. 6123: 6107:ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī portrays the Sunnis in his work 5480:

who consider the vision of God intellectually impossible.

5405:, the rising of the sun in the west, the emergence of the 4989:

has ascribed to him is a real attribute, not an attribute

4786:. It is headed "The Sunni Creed in the Two Phrases of the 3788:

found a middle ground between Mu'tazilite rationalism and

2444:

is another notable characteristic of modern Sunni tafsir.

2420:(exegetic treatises) downplay the earlier significance of 1861:(d. 855)) dayed about themselves, that they are among the 1550:(680–92) the Sunna-term received connotations critical of 20144: 20109: 18784: 18163: 12458: 10966:

Fatāwā al-Laǧna ad-dāʾima li-l-buḥūṯ al-ʿilmīya wal-iftāʾ

10744:

Fatāwā al-Laǧna ad-dāʾima li-l-buḥūṯ al-ʿilmīya wal-iftāʾ

9225: 8155:

Lawāmiʿ al-anwār al-bahīya wa-sawāṭiʿ al-asrār al-aṯarīya

7668:(Tenth ed.). Macmillan Education. pp. 689–741. 6079: 5532:) of God no monotheist remains in hell for all eternity. 5382: 5076: 4486:

in Egypt delineated the acceptable Sunni schools as only

4439:

Many traditional scholars saw Sunni Islam in two groups:

4197:

dogmatic questions, except for the question of creation (

4019:) who have agreed on the Sunnah belonged to this circle. 3820:

currents and have spread well beyond the confines of the

2622:). It is used, for example, in the final document of the 2062:

as the fourth. Sunnis recognised different rulers as the

2059: 1942:("division, sectarianism"). Thus at-Tahāwī explains that 1473: 1385: 1262: 182: 12200:

Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī

10829:

Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, p. 323f.

8881: 8776:

Dāʾirat al-Iftāʾ fī l-Mamlaka al-Urdunnīya al-Hāšimīya:

8157:. Muʾassasat al-Ḫāfiqain, Damaskus, 1982. Bd. I, S. 73. 8137:

Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide

8043:"Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population" 7163:

Ed. M. J. de Goeje. 2. Aufl. Brill, Leiden 1906. S. 37.

6745:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986. S. 59–61. 3896:, unless they openly disapprove of the doctrines of the 2470:

Countries by percentage of population practicing Islam.

11011:

Ramy al-Ašāʿira bi-l-ḫurūǧ ʿan ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa

10842:

S. 38f. – Engl. Übers. Chambers Seelye S. 38 (the term

9136:

The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought

8606:. Oneworld Publications (Kindle edition). p. 180. 8035:

Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran

6924:

Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, S. 321.

6913:

Al-Māturīdī und die sunnitische Theologie in Samarkand.

6103:

As the essential bearers of Islamic science and culture

5935:("The difference between the sects") that there are 20 4088:

he divided the Sunnis into eight different categories (

3936:

I don't hold that we should say that they are not from

2526:

since it was the companions who were given the task of

17069: 11302:

Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association

6151:

on the other, who exclude each other from Sunnism. In

6051:

on the one hand and Murji'a and Jahmiyya on the other,

4721:

The two creeds of Abu l-Hasan al-Ashʿarī in his works

3725:

Adherents of traditionalist theology believe that the

3624:(d. 944), the Maturidiyyah was the major tradition in 2220: 1492:. After the battle, it was agreed that "the righteous 12252:

Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)

12215:

Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī

9627:

Die islamische Glaubenslehre (ʿAqīda) des Ibn Taimīya

8823:

Taḥrīr al-maṭālib fīmā taḍammanathū ʿAqīdat Ibn Ḥāǧib

8556:

The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology

6882:. Ed. Muḥammad Zāhid al-Kauṯarī. Kairo, 1949. S. 38. 6477: 6210:

that the Ashʿarites were not Sunnis was subject of a

5540:), and if he wants, he punishes them in his justice ( 5500:

Release of the monotheists from hell and intercession

5455: 5397:

Another point of belief are the "signs of the hour" (

4878:, the belief in the oneness of God. God is a single ( 2610:

as an alternative term. For the Maturidiyya he gives

2042:

The first four caliphs are known among Sunnis as the

1922:

There are different opinions regarding what the term

1188: 1182: 14482:

Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī

12085:

Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī

11242:(Carnegie Endowment for International Peace., 2019) 10381: 10379: 10296: 10294: 9538:. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh, 1994. pp. 56–60. 9315:"Noted Sufi heads denounce fatwa issued by Barelvis" 8839:

Itḥāf as-sāda al-muttaqīn bi-šarḥ Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn

7262:

Itḥāf as-sāda al-muttaqīn bi-šarḥ Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn

7099:

Er kommt bei ihm nur einmal vor, nämlich al-Ašʿarī:

6186:

as part of Sunnism. An example is the Saudi scholar

5464:) in the hereafter, which has similarities with the 4713:). The text is handed down in two works in the work 4689:

The doctrines of the Sunnis are recorded in various

4039:. In many medieval texts from the Islamic East, the 3696:) in favor of strict textualism in interpreting the 3690:

scholars who reject rationalistic Islamic theology (

2692:

and the divine attributes, the Ash'ari rejected the

1503: 1494: 1486: 1449: 1428: 1420: 1412: 1404: 1396: 1337: 1321: 10233:. 2005, p. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. pp. 77f. 8328: 6623: 6176:

Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta

5971:). There were only differences in the derivations ( 3686:Traditionalist or Athari theology is a movement of 2685:), are the sole source of all morality and ethics. 1777:In the 9th century, one started to extent the term 1179: 14526:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī 14474:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī 12193:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya) 11180:Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies 10746:. Dār al-ʿĀṣima, Riad, 1996. Bd. XII, p. 308–323. 10582: 10580: 9824: 9822: 9742:. 2005, S. 106. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 73f. 9554: 9552: 9550: 9548: 9546: 9544: 9496:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn wa-iḫtilāf al-muṣallīn. 9196: 8622: 8388: 7821: 7819: 7817: 7101:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn wa-iḫtilāf al-muṣallīn. 6988: 6986: 6578:"Muslims May Have Overtaken Catholics a While Ago" 6527: 4400:(also known as the Mosque of Uqba) in the city of 4022: 14019:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam) 10929:Dhuhri: "The Text of Conservatism". 2016, p. 46f. 10506:. 2005, S. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 76. 10389:. 2005, S. 110. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 78. 10376: 10291: 10061:. 2005, p. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 77. 9803:. 2005, S. 107. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 76. 9716:. 2005, S. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 76. 8936:, p. 116. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. 8755:. Dār Ibn al-Ǧauzī, Dammam, 2006. Bd. XI, S. 306 8659: 8657: 8655: 8191:Abschlussdokument der Grosny-Konferenz von 2016, 8111:"Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA" 6629: 6561:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from 4180:The people of theory and the intellectual trade ( 2188:Caliphate and the dynastic monarchy of Banu Abbās 1657:quoted with: "Formerly one did not ask about the 1320:, the Sunni tradition upholds the six pillars of 22003: 12948: 12182:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām 10938:Dhuhri: "The Text of Conservatism". 2016, p. 49. 9928:. 2005, S. 107 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 75. 9905: 9903: 9901: 9899: 9703:. 2005, S. 106 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 73. 9690:. 2005, S. 106 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 73. 9669: 9667: 9665: 9663: 9661: 9335:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 9187: 9185: 8696: 8694: 8554:(2008). "The early creed". In Tim Winter (ed.). 8168: 8166: 6552: 5975:) from the norms regarding the question of what 5906: 5079:(lit. spirits) of the inhabitants of the world. 3776:. In matters of faith, they were pitted against 2338:and formed a government under the leadership of 14346:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī 12196:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī 10673:, "Hadith Criticism: History and Methodology". 10577: 10267: 10265: 10053: 10051: 10049: 10047: 10045: 10043: 9819: 9793: 9791: 9789: 9787: 9541: 8825:. Muʾassasat al-Maʿārif, Beirut, 2008. S. 40f. 7933: 7840: 7814: 6983: 6867:Religion and politics under the early ʿAbbāsids 6530:What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims 6482:(2, revised ed.). Routledge. p. 252. 5563: 4244:that the Sunnis consisted of four groups (firaq 2002:and dialogue but does not emphasize that much. 10968:. Dār al-ʿĀṣima, Riad, 1996. Bd. II, S. 165f. 10527: 10525: 10441:. 1995, p. 11, 27. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49, 55. 10069: 10067: 9962: 9960: 9958: 9956: 9954: 9952: 9938: 9936: 9934: 9872: 9870: 9629:. Inaugural-Dissertation Bonn 1973. S. 70–101. 9436:Madrasas in South Asia : teaching terror? 8907:(Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2008, p. 4, note 2 8821:Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Bakkī: 8812:pp. 272–274. – Engl. Übers. Halkin S. 159–163. 8778:al-Ašāʿira hum ǧumhūr ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 8652: 8452: 8211:"Fethullah Gülen and Al-Ghazzali on Tolerance" 8049:"probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 7066: 7064: 6822:So zum Beispiel bei Mohammad Heidari-Abkenar: 6687:Jafri, Syed Husain Mohammad (27 August 1976). 6630:Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014). 5343:Muhammad's prophethood is proven by miracles ( 4661:and the finality of prophethood, adherence to 1505:as-Sunna al-ʿādila al-ǧāmiʿa ġair al-mufarriqa 17042: 16397: 14950: 12927:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam 12277:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya) 11371: 11272:Understanding Arabs: A guide for modern times 10997:. Dār Ibn al-Ǧauzī, ad-Dammām, 2001. p. 53f. 10590:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 281. – Dt. Übers. Mez 200. 9896: 9832:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 280. – Dt. Übers. Mez 199. 9658: 9562:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 280. – Dt. Übers. Mez 198. 9182: 9034: 8991:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics 8745: 8691: 8490: 8488: 8359: 8163: 7161:Kitāb Aḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm. 7082: 7080: 6382:International Islamic Unity Conference (Iran) 5605: 5421:On Day of the Resurrection the resurrection ( 5304:) and the beloved of the Lord of the Worlds ( 3595: 1903:a laudatory term during his time, similar to 1899:(end of the 10th century) was the expression 1645:One of the earliest supporting documents for 1528:, several political movements, including the 1151: 496: 11121: 11097: 11024: 10740:International Journal of Middle East Studies 10675:Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature 10262: 10103:. 1999, p. 128. – German transl. Wein p. 98. 10040: 9916: 9784: 9677:. 1963, S. 290. – Dt. Übers. Schacht, S. 56. 9015: 8955:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World 8419: 8176:. Istanbul 1336h (= 1917/18 n.Chr.). S. 75. 6830:1. Aufl. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011. 6329:al-Mafhūm aṣ-ṣaḥīḥ li-ahl as-sunna wa-l-jama 3848:"Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn": "When (sc. The term)" 2209:all practised during this time, so also did 1796: 1284:(juristic consensus), form the basis of all 16411: 14025:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh) 11128: 11104: 10947:Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict: 10786: 10784: 10522: 10220:. 1999, p. 97. – German transl. Wein p. 87. 10181:. P. 295. - German translation 1931, p. 60. 10129:. 1999, p. 95. – German transl. Wein p. 87. 10064: 9998:. 1999, p. 89. – German transl. Wein p. 86. 9949: 9931: 9867: 9411: 9381: 9077:. Volume three of Brill Classics in Islam. 8855:al-Burhān fī maʿrifat ʿaqāʾid ahl al-adyān. 8550: 8390:"Scripturalist and Traditionalist Theology" 8208: 7715: 7324:Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam 7293:Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam 7061: 5927:(d. 1037) explains at the beginning of his 5901: 5828: 5618:) for paradise, the others out of justice ( 5389:spoken in their name are a favor for them. 4996: 4842:Belief in Resurrection after Death and the 4792:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna fī kalimatai aš-šahāda 4264:al-Burhān fī maʿrifat ʿaqāʾid ahl al-adyān 2393:is known among his followers as caliph and 1868:Abu al-Hasan al-Ashari used the expression 1480:with the expression, Ali's political rival 1219:in the world. Its name comes from the word 17049: 17035: 16967:Muqaddimah ibn al-Salah fi 'Ulum al-Hadith 16927:Mirqat al Mafatih Sharh Mishkat al-masabih 16404: 16390: 14957: 14943: 14046:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī) 11398: 11378: 11364: 11114:The People of the Sunnah and the Community 10717: 10715: 10319:. 1995, S. 13–15. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49f. 9781:. S. 290f. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, p. 56f. 9510:. Mohr/Siebeck, Tübingen 1931, pp. 54–61. 8485: 8109:Grossman, Cathy Lynn (24 September 2007). 8000:"some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 7958: 7876:Coeli Fitzpatrick Ph.D., Adam Hani Walker 7463:. Sunnyside: W. Clowes. pp. 163–218. 7327:. Columbia University Press. p. 116. 7296:. Columbia University Press. p. 115. 7256: 7254: 7077: 6948:Šarḥ uṣūl iʿtiqād ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 6907: 6905: 6666:. Cambridge University Press. p. xi. 6190:, who in his 2001 published commentary on 5544:) and then brings them through His mercy ( 5504:According to the Ibn Taimīya's creed, the 5280:), rather, God placed him above all other 4711:sifat al-Mu'min min ahl as-Sunna wa-l-jama 4669:following the four schools, following the 4634:. The movement also drew inspiration from 3945:Sunnism in general and in a specific sense 3602: 3588: 2381:. The latest attempt by a radical wing of 2330:, Taliban wrestled power from the various 2322:forces in Afghanistan giving birth to the 1789:("people of Sunnah and of the Hadith") or 1158: 1144: 503: 489: 10415:. p. 293. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58f. 10205:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa -l-ǧamāʿa 9970:. 1995, pp. 12–15 – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 9338:. Oxford University Press. January 2003. 9021:Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Riad Nourallah, 8999:10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001 8702:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal. 8568: 8458: 8425: 8386: 8187: 8185: 8083:"Sunnis and Shia: Islam's ancient schism" 7733: 6965:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal. 6078:he quotes a tradition according to which 5955:and furthermore Bakriyya, Dirariyyya and 4673:and Sufi practices such as veneration of 19564: 13648:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah 12187:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm 10781: 10603:. p. 293. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58. 10561:. 1999, S. 106. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 91. 10480:. 1999, S. 105. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 90. 10358:. 1999, S. 101. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 89. 10345:. 1999, S. 100. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 89. 10275:. S. 292. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58. 10257:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10166:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10114:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10009:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9913:. S. 296. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 60. 9755:. p. 290. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, p. 57. 9575:Dār Ibn Ḥazm, Beirut, 2005. S. 106–111. 9191: 8928: 8926: 8108: 7972:. Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. 7789: 7425: 7377: 7350: 7248:. 1999, S. 128. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 99. 6656: 6610: 6608: 6127: 6040:on the question of the threat from God ( 5832: 5651: 5105: 5000: 4729:. The former is called the teaching of 4455:defined the Sunni schools as three: the 4391: 4037:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal 2565: 2465: 2428:). Half of the Arab commentaries reject 2224: 2009: 1938:contrasts several times the Arabic term 20856: 13871:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī 10878:Deutsche Übers. Cl. Wein. 1973, S. 84f. 10846:is here translated as "the orthodoxy"). 10712: 10588:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 10402:. 1995, p. 22f. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10330:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10306:. 1999, S. 91. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 86. 10140:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9830:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 9560:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 8979: 8753:Aš-Šarḥ al-mumtiʿ ʿalā Zād al-mustaqniʿ 8629:The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology 8522: 8494: 8395:The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology 7756: 7548: 7502: 7404: 7251: 6902: 6754:Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Sufyān al-Fasawī: 6619:(Second ed.). MacMillan Reference. 6507:(revised ed.). Brill. p. 11. 6124:Contemporary Ashʿarī – Salafī relations 5986: 5644: 4936: 4539:The Ahle Sunnat Barelvi, also known as 1793:("people of Truth and of the Sunnah"). 1568:, a need to love the first two caliphs 14: 22004: 13228: 12871:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity 11277: 11251:A Concise History of Sunnis and Shi'is 10616:. 1995, S. 23. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10548:. 1995, p. 26. – Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 10535:. 1995, S. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 10519:. 1995, p. 17. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10493:. 1995, S. 18. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 10454:. 1995, S. 10. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10428:. 1995, S. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 50. 10288:. 1995, p. 13. Engl. Transl. Watt 49. 10194:. 1995, p. 26. - Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 10155:. 1995, p. 31. – Engl. Übers. Watt 56. 10090:. 1995, p. 11. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10077:. 1995, S. 22. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10037:. 1995, p. 20. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 10024:. 1995, p. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 9946:. 1995, S. 20. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 9880:. 1995, S. 25. – Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 9768:. 1995, p. 19. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 9402:, published by Darul Qalam, Delhi 2014 9164:"AmmanMessage.com – The Official Site" 8985: 8620: 8403:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696703.013.025 8182: 7998:Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia 7456: 7320: 7289: 7006:Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. Jarīr aṭ-Ṭabarī 6575: 6253:in August 2016 under the patronage of 5416: 5276:is not only the seal of the prophets ( 5233:directly. The last of the prophets is 5068:is assigned over rain and plants. The 4532: 4274:. In this, he said, they resemble the 4234:stated elsewhere in his commentary on 4210:the people of feeling and revelation ( 3793:masses in some areas, particularly in 3714:. It is also sometimes referred to as 3492:2020 International Maturidi Conference 2167:to succeed him. Upon Muāwiya's death, 1785:("people of Sunna and Straightness"), 20855: 20013: 19563: 17068: 17030: 16385: 16137: 15905: 15521: 14938: 12947: 12020:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar 11397: 11359: 11284:. The Islamic Monthly. Archived from 10889:Šamm al-al-ʿawāriḍ fī ḏamm ar-rawāfiḍ 10467:. 1995, S. 9. – Engl. Übers. Watt 48. 9814:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-jama 9729:. 1995, p. 9. – Engl. Übers. Watt 48. 9646:from the original on 22 December 2017 9432: 9420:Shah Abd al-Haqq Muhaddith e -Dehlawi 9264: 8946: 8923: 8725:from the original on 25 October 2021. 8715:"Are the Ash'aris from Ahlus-Sunnah?" 8601: 8121:from the original on 10 December 2011 7988: 7759:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations 7688: 7663: 7616:Contemporary Religions: A World Guide 7586: 7426:Hazleton, Lesley (4 September 2009). 6686: 6605: 6502: 6323:figures held a counter-conference in 5558: 5444:) of God, the leaves with bad deeds ( 4733:, the latter as the teachings of the 3961:between Sunnis in the general sense ( 3486:2016 International Islamic Conference 1998:concept: It means a society open for 1986:). The modern Indonesian theologican 1592:and considered it a violation of the 1348:school. Sunnis regard the first four 1344:(theology) as well as the textualist 15906: 15522: 11385: 11063:. Howiyapress.com 13. November 2016. 10964:Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd ar-Razzāq ad-Darwīš: 9508:Der Islām mit Ausschluss des Qur'āns 9415:Taḥqīqulfatvá fī ibt̤āl al-t̤ug̲h̲vá 9170:from the original on 2 February 2013 9113:from the original on 18 January 2012 9073:, p. 5. Trns. Wolfgang Behn, intro. 9057:, Grande Strategy, January 5th, 2012 9037:"The Role of Ijtihad in Legislation" 8963:10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001 8952: 8665:al-Murād bi-ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 8366:. Kalpaz Publications. p. 174. 7523: 7231:. 1995, S. 31. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 7214:. 1995, S. 24. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 7197:. 1995, S. 24. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 6946:Abū l-Qāsim Hibatallāh al-Lālakāʾī: 5867:Council of Senior Religious Scholars 5409:from the earth and the excerpt from 5144:. God sent him down as inspiration ( 4874:At the center of the Sunni creed is 4759:and referring to the Abbasid caliph 4092:) of people: 1. the theologians and 4031:are usually not regarded as Sunnis. 3957:(d. 1328) distinguished in his work 3932:issues they have deviated away from 3827: 2119:, Muāwiya's father, right up to the 1702:was always a laudatory designation. 1502:, the unifying, not the divisive" (" 1229:. The differences between Sunni and 1211:, followed by 85–90% of the world's 13659:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi 10984:. Tauris, London, 2018. p. 144–147. 9485:. 1952, Bd. I, S. 294f und S. 329f. 8957:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8780:Fatwa Nr. 489 vom 2. Februar 2010. 8397:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8093:from the original on 9 January 2024 8066:from the original on 27 August 2010 7936:"Organizational Structure Of Islam" 7802:from the original on 6 January 2018 7722:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 7692:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 7553:. Oxon: Routledge. pp. 15–16. 7524:Jafri, Syed Husain Mohammad (976). 7378:El-Hibri, Tayeb (22 October 2010). 6387:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 6076:Šamm al-alawāriḍ fī ḏamm ar-rawāfiḍ 5875:under control of Wahhabi scholars. 5594:God is righteous in his judgments ( 5392: 5320:). God has him with his message to 5057:fulfil duties assigned by God. The 4751:) mentioned in the world chronicle 4502:, excluding the Ẓāhirī school. The 4364:) were connected with Sufism." The 4182:ahl an-naẓar wa-ṣ-ṣināʿa al-fikrīya 3965:) and Sunnis in the special sense ( 3731:(literal, apparent) meaning of the 2221:Sunni Islam in the contemporary era 1233:arose from a disagreement over the 24: 20825:Religions and spiritual traditions 17071:Religious groups and denominations 11154: 10949:"The Anti-Salafi Campaign in Aceh" 10721:Final Document of Grozn von 2016, 9246:from the original on 7 August 2021 8934:Introduction to Middle Eastern Law 8041:Iran, Israel and the United States 7966:"Region: Middle East-North Africa" 7938:. The Islamic Center of Columbia ( 7790:Da Silva, Chantel (16 June 2017). 7587:Rogan, Eugene (26 February 2015). 7460:Lives of the Successors of Mahomet 6257:. Numerous religious figures from 5681: 5456:The vision of God in the hereafter 4763:(d. 1031) is returned. The caliph 4681: 4514:. In the contemporary era, former 4068:There is broad agreement that the 3668:followers, there can be found the 2518:, according to Sunnis. Therefore, 2406:Following the puritan approach of 2272:also resulted in the emergence of 2022:is the largest and most important 25: 22023: 14031:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir) 9502:– Compare to the translations of 9388:(PhD thesis). Cardiff University. 9138:, p. 172. Ed. Ibrahim Abu-Rabi'. 8918:Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam 8876:The Essential Seyyed Hossein Nasr 8277:Rico Isaacs, Alessandro Frigerio 8217:from the original on 4 March 2010 7976:from the original on 9 March 2013 7916:Cambridge University Press, 2015 7483: 6994:Kitāb al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 6741:Patricia Crone und Martin Hinds: 6732:. 2011, Bd. II, p. 1272. (German) 5520:declare in their creeds that the 4727:Kitāb al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 4636:Shah Abdul Aziz Muhaddith Dehlavi 4360:, Sultan Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Al-Ayyubi ( 4100:scholars, 3. the traditional and 1811:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-d-dīn wa-l-jamāʿah 1605:instead of the longer expression 1215:, and simultaneously the largest 21985: 21976: 21975: 21789:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20931:Democratic Republic of the Congo 16366: 16365: 16354: 15885:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 15133:Timeline of the history of Islam 14964: 14049:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh) 12271:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard 12143:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad- 11821:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit 11164:(Oxford University Press, 2011). 11066: 11050: 11038: 11003: 10987: 10974: 10958: 10941: 10932: 10923: 10910: 10897: 10881: 10862: 10849: 10832: 10823: 10810: 10797: 10772: 10752: 10732: 10680: 10664: 10648: 10632: 10619: 10606: 10593: 10564: 10551: 10538: 10509: 10496: 10483: 10470: 10457: 10444: 10431: 10418: 10405: 10392: 10361: 10348: 10335: 10322: 10309: 10278: 10249: 10236: 10223: 10210: 10197: 10184: 10171: 10158: 10145: 10132: 10119: 10106: 10093: 10080: 10027: 10014: 10001: 9988: 9973: 9883: 9862:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9851: 9846:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9835: 9806: 9771: 9758: 9745: 9732: 9719: 9706: 9693: 9680: 9632: 9619: 9606: 9593: 9581: 9565: 9516: 9488: 9475: 9461: 9426: 9412:Khair Abadi, Fazl e Haq (1825). 9405: 9392: 9375: 9366: 9352: 9325: 9307: 9295:from the original on 24 May 2021 9277: 9258: 9219: 9156: 9125: 9095: 9060: 9047: 9028: 8910: 8897: 8847: 8831: 8815: 8802: 8786: 8770: 8761: 8729: 8707: 8678: 7503:Maududi, Abul A'la (July 2000). 7405:Maududi, Abul A'la (July 2000). 7359:from the original on 5 June 2011 5915:, which is to be interpreted as 5880:Directorate of Religious Affairs 4919: 4630:. Shah Abdur Rahim is father of 4459:school representing reason, the 4375: 3888:rejected extremism in excluding 3571: 3570: 3559: 2728: 2654:of Aqeedah was embraced by many 2150:, by Muāwiya and finally by the 1946:is considered as true or right ( 1576:and acknowledge their priority ( 1403:(rightly-guided) and revere the 1225:, referring to the tradition of 1175: 1125: 534: 472: 54: 20396:Evolutionary origin of religion 16913:Al Minhaj bi Sharh Sahih Muslim 16226:List of ex-Muslim organisations 14596:United Submitters International 13880:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir 13258:Alid dynasties of northern Iran 12611:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi 11192:(Tauris Academic Studies, 2010) 10995:Šarḥ al-Wāsiṭīya li-Ibn Taimīya 9469:"The Barelvī School of Thought" 9360:"The Barelvī School of Thought" 9053:Meinhaj Hussain, A New Medina, 8614: 8595: 8562: 8544: 8516: 8467:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 8380: 8363:Faith & Philosophy of Islam 8353: 8322: 8292: 8271: 8250: 8229: 8202: 8144: 8047:A dictionary of modern politics 7927: 7906: 7894: 7870: 7861: 7783: 7773:"Profile: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi" 7765: 7750: 7709: 7682: 7657: 7632: 7607: 7580: 7567: 7542: 7517: 7496: 7477: 7450: 7419: 7398: 7371: 7344: 7314: 7283: 7270: 7238: 7221: 7204: 7187: 7170: 7153: 7140: 7131: 7122: 7109: 7093: 7048: 7023: 6999: 6970: 6957: 6940: 6927: 6918: 6889: 6872: 6859: 6846: 6833: 6816: 6800: 6784: 6765: 6748: 6735: 6722: 6709: 6680: 6650: 6367:Index of Islam-related articles 6058:they are in the middle between 5847:manhaǧ ahl as-sunna wa-l-jamāʿa 5367: 5288:). He is God's chosen servant ( 5272:Muhammad from the tribe of the 5101: 4975:) and speaking through Speech ( 4023:Classification of the Muʿtazila 3886:Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani 3743:, as opposed to one engaged in 3270:Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi 2213:who elaborated the doctrine of 1706:(d. 769), who sympathized with 1640: 1524:) is still unknown. During the 1463: 1390: 1379: 1368: 1357: 1253:as the next-in-line (the first 20747:Separation of church and state 19405:Polytheistic reconstructionism 14890:Sunni schools of jurisprudence 13908:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād 12621:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub 12616:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi 12274:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya) 11895:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 11350:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 11089: 9858:Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-ʿUṯaimīn 9842:Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-ʿUṯaimīn 9526:. Dār Ibn Ḥazm, Beirut, 1995. 9265:Boone, Jon (15 January 2014). 9203:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 9039:. Al-Islam.org. Archived from 8853:ʿAbbās ibn Manṣūr as-Saksakī: 8577:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 8528:A History of Islamic Societies 8500:A History of Islamic Societies 8434:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 7718:"A Genealogy of Radical Islam" 6569: 6559:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 6553:John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). 6546: 6521: 6496: 6478:John Richard Thackrah (2013). 6471: 6441: 6415: 5996:), in which, according to the 5362: 5140:; surah 26:193) and taught by 4951:), knowing through knowledge ( 4192:, the latter of whom consider 4108:and language scholars, 5. the 3656:school while followers of the 3253:Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi 2828:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 2358:launched against the Taliban. 2107:, the younger son of Ali from 1958:). Ibn Taymiyyah argues, that 1954:as aberration and punishment ( 1691:and the Kharijites). The term 1438: 13: 1: 18403:Traditional Sabahan religions 16515:Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain 14322:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi 12648:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid 11075:Arabic CNN 19. November 2016. 11047:Arabic CNN 13. November 2016. 8905:Introduction to Sufi Doctrine 8627:. In Sabine Schmidtke (ed.). 8602:Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2009). 8569:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8459:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8426:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8393:. In Sabine Schmidtke (ed.). 7912:Simone Chambers, Peter Nosco 7716:Wiktorowicz, Quintan (2005). 7695:. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 6996:. S. 8. – Engl. Übers. S. 49. 6576:Bialik, Carl (9 April 2008). 6503:Nasir, Jamal J., ed. (2009). 6408: 5332:, the earlier religious laws 4678:the unity of the community). 4567:orthodoxy before the rise of 4345:Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari 4290:and the "Imams of Guidance" ( 3424:Imam Maturidi Research Centre 1807:nasabū anfusa-hum ilā s-sunna 1629:("The Sunna and the Shia, Or 1584:, popularized the concept of 1312:developed by the traditional 17056: 16547:Sunan al-Kubra lil an-Nasa'i 16211:Apostasy in Islam by country 16088:Liberalism and progressivism 14010:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid) 13951:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi 13932:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi 12950:Islamic schools and branches 11785:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 11690:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 11274:(3rd ed. Hachette UK, 2018). 10762:from 21. Oktober 1987, See: 10273:Kitāb Maqāl ¹āt al-islāmīyīn 9985:. P. 10. – Engl. Transl. 51. 8387:Abrahamov, Binyamin (2014). 8329:Jeffry R. Halverson (2010). 8174:Muḥaṣṣalü l-kelâm ve-l-ḥikme 7484:Nadvi, Syed Abul Hasan Ali. 7210:Siehe z. B. aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 6372:Islamic schools and branches 6085:al-wasaṭ allaḏī huwa al-qisṭ 6017: 5564:Extent of the predestination 4965:), hearing through hearing ( 4120:), 7. those who perform the 4057: 2461: 2434:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1546:of his Prophet". During the 453: 7: 20605:National religiosity levels 19830:Nauruan Indigenous religion 19385:Hellenism (modern religion) 16611:Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih 13942:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin 12638:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam 11995:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi 11930:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 11122: 11098: 10661:, Delhi: Kitab Bhawan, p. 6 10246:. 1997, Bd. IV, S. 411–415. 10179:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9982:al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 9893:. S. 12. – Engl. Übers. 55. 9891:al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 9536:Islamic creeds: a selection 9205:. Oxford University Press. 9198:"Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Jamaah" 9025:, Routledge, 2002, page 199 8993:. Oxford University Press. 8794:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 8737:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 8013:Central Intelligence Agency 7641:The History of Saudi Arabia 7457:Irving, Washington (1859). 7233:Islamic creeds: a selection 7216:Islamic creeds: a selection 7199:Islamic creeds: a selection 6792:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 6756:Kitāb al-Maʿrifa wa-t-tārīḫ 6528:George W. Braswell (2000). 6349: 6112:that the Sunnis with their 5888:Committee of National Unity 5267: 5204: 5199: 4742:Bayān as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 4626:and one of the compiler of 4606:and other parts of Africa, 3934:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah.. 3918:, I say that they are from 3218:Muhammad Idris al-Kandhlawi 3204:Muhammad Yusuf al-Kandhlawi 3148:Muhammad Ilyas al-Kandhlawi 3120:Khalil Ahmad al-Saharanpuri 2835:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 2704: 2342:, who was addressed as the 2270:demise of Ottoman caliphate 1712:ahl al-ʿadl wa-ahl as-sunna 1512:became the short form for " 1504: 1495: 1487: 1450: 1429: 1421: 1413: 1405: 1397: 1338: 1322: 1310:principles of jurisprudence 1257:). This contrasts with the 709:("Stories of the Prophets") 10: 22028: 20014: 17015:Al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal 16561:Sunan al-Kubra lil Bayhaqi 16138: 14693:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir 14138:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī 13891:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī 13569:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani 13053:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 12309:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 11940:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 11900:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 11725:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi 11143:) by Sunnis and sometimes 11099:Ahl as-Sunnah wa-L'jamā'ah 10641:, "Tareekh Quran Majeed", 10601:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 10413:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 10244:Theologie und Gesellschaft 9911:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9779:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9753:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9675:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9640:"Dr Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah" 7638: 7511:Caliphate and Monarchistic 7413:Caliphate and Monarchistic 7280:. 2001, S. 91–96. (German) 7193:See z. B. aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 7159:Šams ad-Dīn al-Muqaddasī: 7010:Taʾrīḫ ar-rusul wa-l-mulūk 6915:Brill, Leiden 1997. S. 66. 6880:Risāla ilā ʿUṯmān al-Battī 6663:The Succession to Muhammad 6056:Companions of the Prophets 5606:The Blessed and the Damned 5308:). He is sent with truth ( 5284:and made him Lord of men ( 5171:As the speech of God, the 4862: 4769:qaul ahl as-sunna wal-jama 4387: 4061: 3922:in many things related to 3679: 3613: 3436:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama 3211:Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni 3061:Fadl al-Haqq al-Khayrabadi 2866:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 2794:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 2665:Ash'ari theology stresses 2639: 2635: 2278:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 2005: 1886:Ahl as-Sunnah wa l-Jamāʻah 1882:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 1783:ahl as-sunna wa-l-istiqāma 1611:ahl as-sunnah wa l-jamāʻah 1328:(faith) and comprises the 21971: 21890: 21807: 21679: 21424: 21149: 20866: 20862: 20851: 20760: 20685: 20461: 20369: 20306: 20024: 20020: 20009: 19572: 19559: 19484: 19307: 19289:Transcendental Meditation 19182: 19169: 19134: 18882: 18859: 18848: 18775: 18738: 18482: 18378: 18360: 18304: 18295: 18212: 18140: 17991: 17982: 17940: 17912: 17870: 17803: 17794: 17785: 17751: 17718: 17690: 17681: 17631: 17498: 17185: 17099: 17090: 17081: 17077: 17064: 16994:Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabir 16976: 16953:Tawil Mukhtalif al-Hadith 16936: 16883: 16846: 16758: 16652: 16620: 16602: 16570: 16531: 16485: 16462:Sunan an-Nasa'i al-Sughra 16430: 16423: 16349: 16234: 16201: 16151: 16147: 16133: 16060: 16027: 15999:Geography and cartography 15974: 15921: 15917: 15901: 15727: 15649: 15596: 15545: 15541: 15517: 15387: 15269: 15229: 15112: 15064: 14988: 14984: 14973: 14884: 14837: 14789: 14743: 14633: 14620: 14559: 14456: 14399: 14382: 14269: 14217: 14208: 14147: 14064: 13998: 13975: 13922: 13842: 13827: 13757: 13624: 13467: 13331: 13306: 13282:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects 13219: 13119: 12969: 12960: 12956: 12943: 12917: 12862: 12809: 12705: 12698: 12656: 12626:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine 12586: 12444: 12341:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 12289: 12259: 12166: 12134: 12075: 12033: 11854: 11808: 11795:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki 11770:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 11620:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani 11559: 11550: 11518: 11490: 11457: 11429: 11422: 11418: 11393: 11339: 11278:Patler, Nicholas (2017). 8719:Salafi Research Institute 8686:Tafsīr al-Fātiḥa al-kabīr 7735:10.1080/10576100590905057 7664:Hitti, Philip K. (1970). 7058:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1273f. 6295:Ahl al-Sunna wa-al-Jama'a 6188:Muhammad Ibn al-ʿUthaimīn 6028:al-wasaṭ fī firaq al-umma 5884:Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı 5837:TRT Diyanet kurumsal logo 5773:'Abd ar-Razzaq as-San'ani 5769:Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq 5217:. The original contract ( 4969:), seeing through sight ( 4959:), wanting through will ( 4955:), mighty through power ( 4848:Belief in Preordainment ( 4541:Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Jamaah 4294:) who followed his path. 4013:Muhammad Ibn al-ʿUthaimin 3938:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3920:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3916:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3816:and other traditionalist 3675: 3298:Muhammad Waqaruddin Qadri 3291:Habib al-Rahman al-A'zami 3040:Shah 'Abdul 'Aziz Dehlawi 3002:Isma'il Haqqi al-Burusawi 2883:Sadr al-Shari'a al-Asghar 2556:A study conducted by the 2414:, etc. many contemporary 2304:Taqi Al-Din Ibn Taymiyyah 1966:inherents the meaning of 1917:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1901:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1878:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1874:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1870:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1843:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1797:Ahl as-Sunna wa l-Jamāʻah 1743:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak 1689:al-Mukhtār ibn Abī ʿUbaid 1286:traditional jurisprudence 280:Sunni schools of theology 20916:Central African Republic 17950:Vietnamese folk religion 17341:Charismatic Christianity 16682:Musnad Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh 16643:Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 16308:Islamic view of miracles 14311:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī 13186:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 12800:The Moderation in Belief 12681:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya 12419:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi 11990:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 11920:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 11182:43.1/2 (2018): 142–151. 11138:The People of the Sunnah 11082: 10844:ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 7639:Bowen, Wayne H. (2007). 7618:. Longman. p. 369. 7590:The Fall of the Ottomans 7182:Moslem Schisms and Sects 7103:1963, S. 471, Zeile 10. 7074:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1276. 7045:. 2011, S. 332. (german) 7020:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1278. 6980:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1274. 6899:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1273. 6719:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1271. 5961:ahl as-sunna wa-l-jamaʿa 5902:Self-image of the Sunnis 5829:Sunni State institutions 5576:) or his determination ( 5328:and humans and with his 4997:Angels and other spirits 4869: 4705:The text traced back to 4426:), often referred to as 4398:Great Mosque of Kairouan 3894:Ahl al-Sunna wal Jama'ah 3772:under the leadership of 3162:Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi 3099:Muhammad Qasim Nanawtawi 3085:'Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi 3075:'Abd al-Ghani al-Maydani 3009:'Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 2876:Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi 2856:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 2821:Abu al-Thana' al-Lamishi 2240:The fall, at the end of 1897:Schams ad-Dīn al-Maqdisī 1476:, encouraged during the 1443: 798:Medieval Islamic science 20810:New religious movements 20448:Theories about religion 20401:Evolutionary psychology 19430:Modern Finnish paganism 17417:Independent Catholicism 16978:Biographical evaluation 16689:Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal 16073:Creationism (evolution) 14768:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani 14164:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān 14082:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī 13854:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād 12793:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi 12751:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah 12606:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani 12010:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 11915:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 11905:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 11745:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 11700:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 11635:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini 11331:Encyclopædia Britannica 11167:Charles River Editors. 10993:Muḥammad Ibn ʿUṯaimīn: 10659:The Authority of Sunnah 9532:William Montgomery Watt 9530:– Engl. Übersetzung in 8751:Muḥammad ibn ʿUṯaimīn: 8235:Marlène Laruelle Being 7757:Minahan, James (2002). 7117:Der Eine und das Andere 7072:Der Eine und das Andere 7056:Der Eine und das Andere 7043:Der Eine und das Andere 7018:Der Eine und das Andere 6978:Der Eine und das Andere 6897:Der Eine und das Andere 6776:Siyar aʿlām an-nubalāʾ. 6730:Der Eine und das Andere 6717:Der Eine und das Andere 6636:. ABC-CLIO. p. 3. 6583:The Wall Street Journal 6480:Dictionary of Terrorism 6287:Sheikh Aboobacker Ahmed 6206:The accusation by some 6054:and with regard to the 5919:, says that the Muslim 5855:haiʾat kibār al-ʿulamāʾ 5699:as the most authentic ( 5385:said for them, and the 4747:The "Qadiritic Creed" ( 4731:ahl al-ḥadīṯ wa-s-sunna 4622:(1644–1719) founder of 4516:Prime Minister of Sudan 4347:). Contrary to popular 4337:Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili 4280:ahl at-taṣauwuf aṣ-ṣāfī 4212:ahl al-wiǧdān wa-l-kašf 3906:). According to Albani: 3850:ahl as-sunna wal jamaʿa 3388:Al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya 3260:Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri 3113:Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi 3054:Muhammad 'Abid al-Sindi 2900:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 2890:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 2648:Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari 2579:, 2. those named after 2573:Abu l-Hasan al-Aschʿari 2539:) or Islamic theology ( 1905:ahl al-ʿadl wa-t-tawḥīd 1845:as a self-designation. 1787:ahl as-sunna wa-l-ḥadīṯ 1681:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr 1472:, a famous follower of 78:Prophets and Messengers 27:Largest branch of Islam 21459:Bosnia and Herzegovina 19445:Erzyan native religion 19294:Unitarian Universalism 18683:Native American Church 17461:Oneness Pentecostalism 16636:Musannaf Abd al-Razzaq 16323:Persecution of Muslims 16221:List of former Muslims 15138:Succession to Muhammad 14440:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu 14022:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif) 13515:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 13010:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 12671:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd 12666:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani 12601:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani 12561:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi 12546:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi 12226:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri 12221:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 11980:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 11890:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 11885:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 11870:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi 11740:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 11705:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 11630:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 11334:(11th ed.). 1911. 11204:Mediterranean Politics 10918:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10905:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10840:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10629:. 1952. Bd. I, S. 294. 10574:. 1952. Bd. I, S. 329. 10373:. 1952. Bd. I, p. 295. 10218:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10127:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10101:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9996:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9603:Geuthner, Paris, 1986. 8810:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 8360:Shamim Akhter (2009). 8172:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli: 7689:Kepel, Gilles (2003). 7549:Kennedy, Hugh (2016). 7321:Hughes, Aaron (2013). 7290:Hughes, Aaron (2013). 6937:. 1952, Bd. II, S. 40. 6812:Digitalisat Wikisource 6397:Shia view of the Quran 6392:Persecution of Muslims 6341:Grand Imam of Al-Azhar 6232:Ahl as-Sunna wa-l-jama 6136: 5933:al-Farq baina l-firaq 5925:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 5859:Grand Imam of al-Azhar 5838: 5664: 5572:) and predestination ( 5237:from the tribe of the 5118: 5032: 4858: 4735:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-s-sunna 4632:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 4413: 4288:al-Junaid Al- Baghdadi 4201:) and the question of 4194:Abū Mansūr al-Māturīdī 4086:al-Farq baina l-firaq 4078:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 4049:office ruled out in a 3942: 3622:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 3366:Al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya 3305:Syed Shujaat Ali Qadri 3169:Shabbir Ahmad 'Uthmani 3141:Ashraf 'Ali al-Thanawi 2814:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 2804:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 2787:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 2581:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 2512:Abdullah, son of Masud 2498: 2310:. The expediencies of 2237: 2027: 1990:(d. 2005) interpreted 1928:ahl as-sunna wa l-jama 1863:ahl as-sunna wa l-jama 1833:(d. 916) tells in his 1791:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-s-sunna 1235:succession to Muhammad 1217:religious denomination 808:Succession to Muhammad 346:Contemporary movements 161:Rightly-Guided Caliphs 88:Succession to Muhammad 21779:Saint Kitts and Nevis 21076:São Tomé and Príncipe 20936:Republic of the Congo 19142:Aboriginal Australian 17813:Chinese folk religion 16816:At-Targhib wat-Tarhib 16759:Secondary collections 16586:Shama'il Muhammadiyah 16117:Conversion to mosques 15984:Alchemy and chemistry 14709:Wallace Fard Muhammad 13666:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya 13173:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 12922:Early Muslim scholars 12730:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq 12000:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 11750:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 11660:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 11263:41.3 (2017): 285–296 11188:Gesink, Indira Falk. 11175:; brief introduction. 11017:17 April 2021 at the 10870:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10671:Muhammad Mustafa Azmi 10559:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10478:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10356:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10343:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10303:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9524:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 9522:Abū Jafar aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9433:Jamal, Malik (2008). 9400:Yaseen Akhtar Misbahi 9291:. 15 September 2010. 8874:Seyyed Hossein Nasr, 8782:Englische Übersetzung 8671:17 April 2021 at the 8015:(CIA). Archived from 7934:Masjid al-Muslimiin. 7846:Johanna Pink (2010). 7825:Johanna Pink (2010). 7246:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 7229:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7212:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7195:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7178:Al-Farq baina l-firaq 6806:Muḥammad Rašīd Riḍā: 6772:Šams ad-Dīn aḏ-Ḏahabī 6468:and so 'innovation'." 6277:took part, including 6131: 6109:al-Farq baina l-firaq 5836: 5655: 5306:ḥabīb rabb al-ʿālamīn 5109: 5004: 4799:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 4701:or similar) include: 4699:ahl as-sunna wal-jama 4640:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 4527:Abdullah II of Jordan 4395: 4382:Islamic jurisprudence 3967:ahl as-sunna al-ḫāṣṣa 3908: 3312:Wahbi Sulayman Ghawji 3239:Muhammad Yusuf Banuri 2914:Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam 2566:Three group doctrines 2469: 2228: 2111:, was killed at the 2013: 1855:as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1827:as-Sunna wa l-Jamāʿah 21401:United Arab Emirates 20192:Religious experience 19566:Historical religions 17970:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương 17302:Schwenkfelder Church 16661:Musnad Imam ul A’zam 15843:Ma malakat aymanukum 15418:Association football 14360:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya 14155:Al-Harith ibn Surayj 13345:Theology of Twelvers 13190:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 12737:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal 12536:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 11935:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 11925:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 11910:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 11730:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 11695:Taqi al-Din al-Subki 11685:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 11680:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 11655:Abu al-Walid al-Baji 11270:Nydell, Margaret K. 11147:in academic studies. 10643:Khutbat-e-Bahawalpur 9382:Ayesha Khan (2020). 9132:Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim 8621:Hoover, Jon (2014). 8197:deutsche Übersetzung 7666:History of The Arabs 7506:Khilafat o Malookiat 7408:Khilafat o Malookiat 7119:. 2011, S. 681, 718. 6427:-Ologies & -Isms 6377:King Abdullah Mosque 6339:. A few days later, 6291:Grand Mufti of India 6237:The rivalry between 6203:in terms of belief. 6145:on the one hand and 6011:The Hanbali scholar 5987:As center of Muslims 5917:Vaticinium ex eventu 5723:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj 5353:Muhammad's Ascension 4937:Names and attributes 4900:) and no adversary ( 4833:Belief in Holy Books 4749:al-iʿtiqād al-Qādirī 4723:Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 4624:Madrasah-i Rahimiyah 4354:'Abd al-Qadir Jilani 4184:): They include the 3975:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 3963:ahl as-unna al-ʿāmma 3460:Jamia Naeemia Lahore 3448:Al Jamiatul Ashrafia 3277:Qari Muhammad Tayyib 3232:Fazlur Rahman Ansari 3225:Zafar Ahmad 'Uthmani 3197:Sardar Ahmad Chishti 3134:Muhammed Hamdi Yazır 3106:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 2978:Abdul Hakim Sialkoti 2907:Badr al-Din al-'Ayni 2849:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 2842:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 2593:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli 2528:compiling the Qur'an 2412:Muhammad Rashid Rida 2391:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 2379:Indian sub continent 2280:; the eponym of the 1962:as opposite term to 1655:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj 1623:Muhammad Rashid Rida 1590:ʿĀʾiša bint Abī Bakr 1574:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 1294:analogical reasoning 1288:within Sunni Islam. 847:Association football 128:Declaration of Faith 21794:Trinidad and Tobago 21689:Antigua and Barbuda 20857:Religion by country 19918:Cult of Magna Mater 18440:Philippine Dayawism 18021:Nimbarka Sampradaya 17769:Chinese Manichaeism 17441:Jehovah's Witnesses 17246:Proto-Protestantism 16868:Maudhu (fabricated) 16745:Al-Mu'jam as-Saghir 16501:Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 16424:Primary collections 14589:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez 14336:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī 14308:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya 14106:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī 13768:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah 13075:Other Salafi trends 12904:Musta'li Isma'ilism 12820:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya 12211:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr 11975:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 11625:Zakariyya al-Ansari 11288:on 30 December 2022 11213:Halverson, Jeffry. 11056:ʿAbdallāh Maṣmūdī: 10855:John B. Henderson: 10807:. 2018, p. 142–147. 10723:arabisches Original 10639:Muhammad Hamidullah 10627:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10572:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10370:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10231:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 10059:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9573:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn. 9483:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 9289:Pew Research Center 9035:Murtada Mutahhari. 9023:The future of Islam 8916:Jeffrey Halverson, 8837:Murtaḍā az-Zabīdī: 8552:Blankinship, Khalid 8310:on 23 February 2006 8193:arabisches Original 8059:Pew Research Center 7643:. Greenwood Press. 7260:Murtaḍā az-Zabīdī: 6935:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 6565:on 28 October 2010. 6315:organisations like 6228:šubuhāt al-malāḥida 6163:, were promoting a 6070:The Hanafi scholar 5907:As the "saved sect" 5810:Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 5714:Muhammad al-Bukhari 5512:) out of hellfire. 5470:Christian tradition 5417:Day of resurrection 5262:bi-muǧarrad al-ʿaql 5180:specifies that the 5160:repeated it to his 5008:accompanied by the 4896:), no counterpart ( 4888:), has no partner ( 4771:), in the year 433 4715:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 4534:Ahle Sunnat Barelvi 4222:) and inspiration ( 4118:az-zuhhād aṣ-ṣūfīya 4112:– Scholars, 6. the 3720:several other names 3430:Darul Uloom Deoband 3190:Husayn Ahmad Madani 3127:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 3016:Nizamuddin Sihalivi 2868:(d. after 690/1291) 2559:Pew Research Center 2501:Sunnis believe the 2451:Al-Azhar University 1978:means "Path of the 1934:(d. 933), the term 1753:. In addition, the 1306:juristic discretion 608:Profession of Faith 581:Day of Resurrection 21729:Dominican Republic 20775:Abrahamic prophets 19869:Proto-Indo-Iranian 18413:Aliran Kepercayaan 17616:Non-denominational 17538:Modernist Salafism 17224:Oriental Orthodoxy 16987:al-Tarikh al-Kabir 16823:Al-Jami' as-Saghir 16781:Mishkat al-Masabih 16738:Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 16731:Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir 16668:Musnad al-Tayalisi 16554:Sunan al-Daraqutni 16328:Quran and miracles 16242:Criticism of Islam 15956:Geometric patterns 15808:Gender segregation 15379:Non-denominational 14888:Other scholars of 14779:Islamic modernists 14753:Modernist Salafism 14409:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar 14368:Abdullah ibn Saba' 14303:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar 14188:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf 14176:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr 14167:Muhārīb ibn Dithār 14098:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī 13420:Astarabadi (Naimi) 13150:Abdullah al-Harari 13104:Muhammad bin Dawud 13037:Syed Nazeer Husain 12772:Tabsirat al-Adilla 12686:Al-Mansur al-Qasim 12521:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 12368:Syed Nazeer Husain 12291:Salafi Theologians 12043:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham 12015:Muhammad Abu Zahra 11800:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan 11650:Abdul Qadir Gilani 11304:7.1 (2020): 67–69 11261:Strategic Analysis 11238:Khaddour, Kheder. 11220:Hazleton, Lesley. 11199:(Oxford UP, 2020). 11058:Tauṣīyāt Muʾtamar 10953:IPAC-Report No. 32 10727:German translation 10504:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 10387:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9925:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9800:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9740:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9714:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9701:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9688:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9614:Humaniora Islamica 9498:1963, p. 290–297. 9319:The Times of India 8903:Titus Burckhardt, 8721:. 14 August 2016. 8624:"Ḥanbalī Theology" 8339:. pp. 23–24. 8337:Palgrave Macmillan 8151:Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 8089:. 4 January 2016. 8062:. 7 October 2009. 8009:The World Factbook 7353:"Lexic Orient.com" 7148:Kitāb Uṣūl ad-Dīn. 7088:Kitāb Uṣūl ad-Dīn. 6464:, the contrary of 6303:Muslim Brotherhood 6285:of the Azhar, and 6275:Russian Federation 6137: 6080:ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib 5951:, 3 Nadjāritic, 3 5857:), among whom the 5839: 5665: 5559:The predestination 5551:The intercession ( 5256:) and opposition ( 5250:promise and threat 5209:Confessing to the 5192:explains that the 5119: 5110:Historic Quran of 5035:Sunnis believe in 5033: 4784:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 4414: 4313:Abdul-Qadir Gilani 4240:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 4080:(d. 1037). In his 3979:ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān 3648:, where later the 3381:Tabsirat al-Adilla 3025:(d. ca. 1177/1764) 2997:(d. ca. 1122/1710) 2987:(d. ca. 1067/1657) 2963:Hasan Kafi Pruščak 2956:Mulla 'Ali al-Qari 2652:theological school 2499: 2332:Mujahidin factions 2264:into Pakistan and 2238: 2058:as the third, and 2028: 1677:ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān 1265:as his successor. 385:Neo-traditionalism 21999: 21998: 21967: 21966: 21963: 21962: 20951:Equatorial Guinea 20847: 20846: 20843: 20842: 20386:Cognitive science 20005: 20004: 19938:Mysteries of Isis 19712:Frankish paganism 19555: 19554: 19551: 19550: 19547: 19546: 19299:White Brotherhood 19165: 19164: 19130: 19129: 18474:Sundanese Wiwitan 18291: 18290: 18287: 18286: 18016:Brahma Sampradaya 17978: 17977: 17781: 17780: 17777: 17776: 17759:Assianism/Uatsdin 17677: 17676: 17446:British Israelism 17432:Nontrinitarianism 17395:Plymouth Brethren 17390:Nondenominational 17324:Congregationalism 17212:Eastern Orthodoxy 17160:Reconstructionist 17024: 17023: 16960:Mawdu'at al-Kubra 16830:Al-Jami' al-Kabir 16774:Musnad al-Firdous 16767:Masabih al-Sunnah 16754: 16753: 16675:Musnad al-Shafi'i 16629:Kitaab-ul-Aathaar 16579:Al-Adab al-Mufrad 16522:Sahih Abi Awaanah 16508:Sahih Ibn Hibbaan 16455:Sahih al-Tirmidhi 16379: 16378: 16345: 16344: 16341: 16340: 16313:Domestic violence 16303:Islamic terrorism 16298:Islamic extremism 16129: 16128: 16125: 16124: 15897: 15896: 15893: 15892: 15683:Marriage contract 15513: 15512: 15473:Political aspects 15260:Story of Prophets 15029:Prophets of Islam 14932: 14931: 14928: 14927: 14924: 14923: 14880: 14879: 14689:Muhammad Jaunpuri 14616: 14615: 14542:Sumāma ibn Ashras 14378: 14377: 14229:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî 14204: 14203: 14074:Gaylān ibn Marwān 13971: 13970: 13823: 13822: 13486:Abdallah al-Aftah 13302: 13301: 13215: 13214: 13199:Necmettin Erbakan 13041:Siddiq Hasan Khan 13005:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la 12939: 12938: 12935: 12934: 12913: 12912: 12853:Tajrid al-I'tiqad 12847:Tashih al-I'tiqad 12758:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 12694: 12693: 12676:Al-Qasim al-Rassi 12643:Idris Imad al-Din 12596:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man 12571:Ruhollah Khomeini 12551:Zurarah ibn A'yan 12526:Sharif al-Murtaza 12514:Muhammad al-Mahdi 12499:Muhammad al-Jawad 12479:Muhammad al-Baqir 12380:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12356:Rabee al-Madkhali 12005:Murtada al-Zabidi 11780:Ibrahim al-Bajuri 11546: 11545: 11311:Wheeler, Branon. 11227:Kamolnick, Paul. 11217:(Springer, 2010). 10655:Mufti Taqi Usmani 9864:. 2001/02, S. 20. 9848:. 2001/02, p. 20. 9446:978-0-415-44247-3 9345:978-0-19-280094-7 9239:978-1-351-98686-1 9212:978-0-19-512558-0 9193:Esposito, John L. 8684:Aḥmad b. ʿAǧība: 8256:Marlène Laruelle 8209:J. B. Schlubach. 7946:on 1 October 2008 7942:). Archived from 6852:G.H.A. Juynboll: 6658:Madelung, Wilferd 6451:, especially the 6362:Glossary of Islam 6220:jumhūr al-ʿulamāʾ 5805:Sahih Ibn Hibbaan 5746:Jami' at-Tirmidhi 5639:muqallib al-qulūb 5589:al-lauḥ al-maḥfūẓ 4933:) are a reality. 4638:(1746 –1824) and 4628:Fatawa-e-Alamgiri 4521:, as well as the 4519:Al-Sadiq al-Mahdi 4329:Moinuddin Chishti 4232:Murtadā az-Zabīdī 4214:): These are the 4104:scholars, 4. the 4096:Scholars, 2. the 4017:as-salaf aṣ-ṣāliḥ 3828:Narrow definition 3612: 3611: 3373:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 3342:Theological works 3284:Ahmad Saeed Kazmi 3033:Murtada al-Zabidi 2970:Ahmad al-Sirhindi 2667:divine revelation 2624:Grozny Conference 2422:Biblical material 2395:Amir-al-mu'mineen 2350:, perpetrated by 2318:regime backed by 2250:Khilafat Movement 2121:conquest of Mecca 2113:Battle of Karbalā 2074:on 3 March 1924. 1988:Nurcholish Madjid 1984:ṭarīqat aṣ-ṣaḥāba 1714:). According to 1687:, the Shia under 1621:scholars such as 1526:Umayyad Caliphate 1263:Ali ibn Abi Talib 1168: 1167: 513: 512: 358:Deobandi movement 16:(Redirected from 22019: 21989: 21979: 21978: 21857:Papua New Guinea 21832:Marshall Islands 21659:Northern Ireland 20864: 20863: 20853: 20852: 20737:Secular theology 20732:Secular humanism 20022: 20021: 20011: 20010: 19886:Ancestral Pueblo 19561: 19560: 19180: 19179: 18857: 18856: 18302: 18301: 18058:Shaiva Siddhanta 17989: 17988: 17922:Korean shamanism 17801: 17800: 17792: 17791: 17688: 17687: 17601:Mahdawi movement 17471:Swedenborgianism 17451:Christadelphians 17097: 17096: 17088: 17087: 17079: 17078: 17066: 17065: 17051: 17044: 17037: 17028: 17027: 16837:Al-Jami al-Kamil 16795:Majma al-Zawa'id 16788:Riyad as-Salihin 16717:Musnad Abu Ya'la 16710:Musnad al-Bazzar 16703:Tahdhib al-Athar 16469:Sunan Abu Dawood 16441:Sahih al-Bukhari 16428: 16427: 16406: 16399: 16392: 16383: 16382: 16369: 16368: 16361:Islam portal 16359: 16358: 16357: 16149: 16148: 16141: 16135: 16134: 15976:Medieval science 15919: 15918: 15909: 15903: 15902: 15560:Economic history 15543: 15542: 15519: 15518: 15505:Islam by country 15338:Bektashi Alevism 14986: 14985: 14977:Outline of Islam 14959: 14952: 14945: 14936: 14935: 14631: 14630: 14397: 14396: 14215: 14214: 14191:Nusayr ibn Yahyā 14173:Awn ibn Abdullāh 14160:Sa'id ibn Jubayr 14130:Ubayd al-Mūktaib 13996: 13995: 13840: 13839: 13809:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus 13778:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī 13747:Khashabiyya Shia 13683:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān 13641:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān 13424:Imadaddin Nasimi 13329: 13328: 13226: 13225: 13097:Salafi Modernism 13000:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 12967: 12966: 12958: 12957: 12945: 12944: 12841:Awail Al Maqalat 12723:Al-Baz al-Ashhab 12703: 12702: 12633:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 12588:Isma'ili Shi'ism 12576:Wilayat al-faqih 12556:Hisham ibn Hakam 12541:Allamah Al-Hilli 11765:Muhammad Mayyara 11557: 11556: 11427: 11426: 11420: 11419: 11395: 11394: 11387:Islamic theology 11380: 11373: 11366: 11357: 11356: 11335: 11327: 11325:"Sunnites" 11297: 11295: 11293: 11148: 11142: 11139: 11136: 11133: 11130: 11125: 11118: 11115: 11112: 11109: 11106: 11101: 11093: 11076: 11070: 11064: 11054: 11048: 11042: 11036: 11035: 11028: 11022: 11007: 11001: 10991: 10985: 10980:Namira Nahouza: 10978: 10972: 10962: 10956: 10955:6. Oktober 2016. 10945: 10939: 10936: 10930: 10927: 10921: 10914: 10908: 10901: 10895: 10885: 10879: 10866: 10860: 10853: 10847: 10836: 10830: 10827: 10821: 10814: 10808: 10801: 10795: 10788: 10779: 10776: 10770: 10758:Arbitrament10/9 10756: 10750: 10736: 10730: 10719: 10710: 10709: 10707: 10705: 10699: 10693:. Archived from 10692: 10684: 10678: 10668: 10662: 10652: 10646: 10636: 10630: 10623: 10617: 10610: 10604: 10597: 10591: 10584: 10575: 10568: 10562: 10555: 10549: 10542: 10536: 10529: 10520: 10513: 10507: 10500: 10494: 10487: 10481: 10474: 10468: 10461: 10455: 10448: 10442: 10435: 10429: 10422: 10416: 10409: 10403: 10396: 10390: 10383: 10374: 10365: 10359: 10352: 10346: 10339: 10333: 10326: 10320: 10313: 10307: 10298: 10289: 10282: 10276: 10269: 10260: 10253: 10247: 10240: 10234: 10227: 10221: 10214: 10208: 10201: 10195: 10188: 10182: 10175: 10169: 10162: 10156: 10149: 10143: 10136: 10130: 10123: 10117: 10116:. 1843, pp. 16f. 10110: 10104: 10097: 10091: 10084: 10078: 10071: 10062: 10055: 10038: 10031: 10025: 10018: 10012: 10005: 9999: 9992: 9986: 9977: 9971: 9964: 9947: 9940: 9929: 9920: 9914: 9907: 9894: 9887: 9881: 9874: 9865: 9855: 9849: 9839: 9833: 9826: 9817: 9810: 9804: 9795: 9782: 9775: 9769: 9762: 9756: 9749: 9743: 9736: 9730: 9723: 9717: 9710: 9704: 9697: 9691: 9684: 9678: 9671: 9656: 9655: 9653: 9651: 9636: 9630: 9623: 9617: 9616:1 (1973) 91–131. 9610: 9604: 9597: 9591: 9585: 9579: 9569: 9563: 9556: 9539: 9520: 9514: 9492: 9486: 9479: 9473: 9472: 9465: 9459: 9458: 9430: 9424: 9423: 9409: 9403: 9396: 9390: 9389: 9379: 9373: 9370: 9364: 9363: 9356: 9350: 9349: 9329: 9323: 9322: 9311: 9305: 9304: 9302: 9300: 9281: 9275: 9274: 9262: 9256: 9255: 9253: 9251: 9223: 9217: 9216: 9200: 9189: 9180: 9179: 9177: 9175: 9160: 9154: 9129: 9123: 9122: 9120: 9118: 9107:Encyclopedia.com 9099: 9093: 9083:Brill Publishers 9064: 9058: 9055:The Legal System 9051: 9045: 9044: 9043:on 4 March 2012. 9032: 9026: 9019: 9013: 9012: 8983: 8977: 8976: 8950: 8944: 8930: 8921: 8914: 8908: 8901: 8895: 8888: 8879: 8872: 8861: 8851: 8845: 8835: 8829: 8819: 8813: 8806: 8800: 8790: 8784: 8774: 8768: 8765: 8759: 8749: 8743: 8733: 8727: 8726: 8711: 8705: 8698: 8689: 8682: 8676: 8661: 8650: 8649: 8647: 8645: 8626: 8618: 8612: 8611: 8599: 8593: 8592: 8576: 8566: 8560: 8559: 8548: 8542: 8541: 8520: 8514: 8513: 8492: 8483: 8482: 8466: 8456: 8450: 8449: 8433: 8423: 8417: 8416: 8392: 8384: 8378: 8377: 8357: 8351: 8350: 8326: 8320: 8319: 8317: 8315: 8306:. Archived from 8296: 8290: 8275: 8269: 8254: 8248: 8233: 8227: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8206: 8200: 8189: 8180: 8170: 8161: 8148: 8142: 8133: 8128: 8126: 8105: 8100: 8098: 8078: 8073: 8071: 8031: 8026: 8024: 8019:on 27 March 2010 7992: 7986: 7985: 7983: 7981: 7962: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7951: 7931: 7925: 7910: 7904: 7898: 7892: 7874: 7868: 7865: 7859: 7844: 7838: 7823: 7812: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7787: 7781: 7780: 7769: 7763: 7762: 7754: 7748: 7747: 7737: 7713: 7707: 7706: 7686: 7680: 7679: 7661: 7655: 7654: 7636: 7630: 7629: 7611: 7605: 7604: 7584: 7578: 7571: 7565: 7564: 7546: 7540: 7539: 7521: 7515: 7514: 7500: 7494: 7493: 7481: 7475: 7474: 7454: 7448: 7447: 7423: 7417: 7416: 7402: 7396: 7395: 7375: 7369: 7368: 7366: 7364: 7348: 7342: 7341: 7318: 7312: 7311: 7287: 7281: 7274: 7268: 7258: 7249: 7242: 7236: 7225: 7219: 7208: 7202: 7191: 7185: 7180:, siehe Seelye: 7174: 7168: 7157: 7151: 7144: 7138: 7135: 7129: 7126: 7120: 7113: 7107: 7097: 7091: 7084: 7075: 7068: 7059: 7052: 7046: 7035:Muʿǧam al-Buldān 7027: 7021: 7003: 6997: 6990: 6981: 6974: 6968: 6961: 6955: 6944: 6938: 6931: 6925: 6922: 6916: 6911:Ulrich Rudolph: 6909: 6900: 6893: 6887: 6876: 6870: 6863: 6857: 6850: 6844: 6837: 6831: 6820: 6814: 6804: 6798: 6788: 6782: 6769: 6763: 6752: 6746: 6739: 6733: 6726: 6720: 6713: 6707: 6706: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6654: 6648: 6647: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6612: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6550: 6544: 6543: 6525: 6519: 6518: 6500: 6494: 6493: 6475: 6469: 6445: 6439: 6438: 6436: 6434: 6429:. The Gale Group 6419: 6357:Outline of Islam 6247:first conference 6021: 6019: 5929:heresiographical 5782:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 5710:Sahih al-Bukhari 5630:) or a blessed ( 5514:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 5393:Sign of the hour 5374:Munkar and Nakir 5278:ḫātam al-anbiyāʾ 5229:) and talked to 4892:), no opposite ( 4707:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 4620:Shah Abdur Rahim 4547:, including the 4512:Persian Safavids 4484:Mamluk Sultanate 4286:as practiced by 4082:heresiographical 3904:mad'hab as-Salaf 3774:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 3604: 3597: 3590: 3574: 3573: 3566:Islam portal 3564: 3563: 3562: 3351:Al-Fiqh al-Akbar 3326:Usmankhan Alimov 3319:Akhtar Raza Khan 3023:Liu Chih/Liu Zhi 2779:Eminent scholars 2736:Imam al-Maturidi 2732: 2709: 2708: 2650:(873–935). This 2606:, but also used 2601: 2492: 2483: 2474: 2383:Salafi-Jihadists 2324:Taliban movement 2308:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 2282:Wahhabi movement 2207:Ahmad bin Hanbal 1911:("Believer") or 1835:Kitāb al-Maqālāt 1823:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 1749:, Qadarites and 1625:in his treatise 1548:second Civil War 1507: 1500: 1490: 1478:Battle of Siffin 1467: 1465: 1453: 1448:The Arabic term 1435:(predecessors). 1434: 1426: 1418: 1410: 1402: 1394: 1392: 1383: 1381: 1372: 1370: 1361: 1359: 1343: 1327: 1316:. In matters of 1276:(especially the 1272:, together with 1198: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1160: 1153: 1146: 1132:Islam portal 1130: 1129: 1128: 538: 515: 514: 505: 498: 491: 479:Islam portal 477: 476: 475: 353:Barelvi movement 319: 318: 232: 231: 58: 49: 43: 42: 32: 31: 21: 22027: 22026: 22022: 22021: 22020: 22018: 22017: 22016: 22002: 22001: 22000: 21995: 21959: 21886: 21867:Solomon Islands 21803: 21675: 21579:North Macedonia 21420: 21145: 20858: 20839: 20800:Mass gatherings 20768: 20763: 20756: 20695: 20690: 20681: 20620:Religiocentrism 20600:National church 20468: 20465: 20457: 20372: 20365: 20302: 20224:Bodies of water 20016: 20001: 19786:Jamaican Maroon 19568: 19543: 19480: 19310: 19303: 19174: 19172: 19161: 19126: 19100:Trinidad Orisha 18885: 18878: 18851: 18844: 18771: 18734: 18485: 18478: 18374: 18356: 18283: 18257:Srilankan Vedda 18208: 18136: 18011:Sri Vaishnavism 17974: 17936: 17908: 17866: 17773: 17747: 17714: 17673: 17627: 17552:Twelver Shi'ism 17494: 17356:Neo-charismatic 17329:Presbyterianism 17181: 17073: 17060: 17055: 17025: 17020: 17001:Mizan al-Itidal 16972: 16945: 16932: 16879: 16842: 16802:Bulugh al-Maram 16750: 16724:Musnad al-Siraj 16648: 16616: 16598: 16566: 16540:Sunan al-Darimi 16527: 16481: 16476:Sunan ibn Majah 16432:Kutub al-Sittah 16419: 16410: 16380: 16375: 16355: 16353: 16337: 16259:Cultural Muslim 16230: 16197: 16153:Other religions 16143: 16139: 16121: 16056: 16023: 15970: 15913: 15911:Islamic studies 15907: 15889: 15723: 15668: 15645: 15592: 15537: 15536: 15509: 15458:Moral teachings 15401: 15383: 15357:Nation of Islam 15318:Twelver Shi'ism 15265: 15231:Religious texts 15225: 15143:Early conquests 15126: 15108: 15060: 14980: 14969: 14963: 14933: 14920: 14876: 14833: 14804:Ahmed Raza Khan 14785: 14739: 14729:Fethullah Gülen 14704:Nation of Islam 14625: 14622: 14612: 14555: 14532:Ahmad ibn Hābīt 14460: 14452: 14390: 14386: 14374: 14295:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā 14265: 14200: 14185:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb 14143: 14060: 13989: 13986: 13983: 13979: 13967: 13918: 13831: 13819: 13753: 13627: 13620: 13588:Hassan-i Sabbah 13471: 13463: 13335: 13322: 13318: 13314: 13310: 13298: 13263:Hasan al-Utrush 13211: 13177:Ahmed Raza Khan 13123: 13115: 13022:Dawud al-Zahiri 12973: 12952: 12931: 12909: 12858: 12805: 12765:Kitab al-Tawhid 12690: 12652: 12582: 12509:Hasan al-Askari 12484:Ja'far al-Sadiq 12446:Twelver Shi'ism 12440: 12412:Salafi Jihadism 12407:Osama bin Laden 12390:Safar Al-Hawali 12351:Saleh Al-Fawzan 12285: 12255: 12248:Sahib ibn Abbad 12243:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid 12208:Ja'far ibn Harb 12173:Wasil ibn 'Ata' 12170: 12162: 12130: 12091:ī (Muqātilīyya) 12071: 12029: 11985:Shah Abdul Aziz 11858: 11850: 11804: 11790:Ahmad al-Dardir 11675:Ahmad al-Rifa'i 11563: 11542: 11514: 11486: 11453: 11414: 11413: 11389: 11384: 11342: 11322: 11291: 11289: 11224:(Anchor, 2010). 11195:Haddad, Fanar. 11160:Ahmed, Khaled. 11157: 11155:Further reading 11152: 11151: 11140: 11137: 11134: 11131: 11116: 11113: 11110: 11107: 11094: 11090: 11085: 11080: 11079: 11071: 11067: 11055: 11051: 11043: 11039: 11030: 11029: 11025: 11019:Wayback Machine 11008: 11004: 10992: 10988: 10979: 10975: 10963: 10959: 10946: 10942: 10937: 10933: 10928: 10924: 10915: 10911: 10902: 10898: 10886: 10882: 10872:. 1999. S. 82. 10867: 10863: 10854: 10850: 10837: 10833: 10828: 10824: 10820:. 2018, p. 155. 10815: 10811: 10802: 10798: 10794:. 2018, p. 138. 10789: 10782: 10777: 10773: 10757: 10753: 10737: 10733: 10720: 10713: 10703: 10701: 10700:on 5 March 2022 10697: 10690: 10686: 10685: 10681: 10669: 10665: 10653: 10649: 10637: 10633: 10625:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10624: 10620: 10611: 10607: 10598: 10594: 10585: 10578: 10570:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10569: 10565: 10556: 10552: 10543: 10539: 10530: 10523: 10514: 10510: 10501: 10497: 10488: 10484: 10475: 10471: 10462: 10458: 10449: 10445: 10436: 10432: 10423: 10419: 10410: 10406: 10397: 10393: 10384: 10377: 10367:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10366: 10362: 10353: 10349: 10340: 10336: 10327: 10323: 10314: 10310: 10299: 10292: 10283: 10279: 10270: 10263: 10254: 10250: 10241: 10237: 10228: 10224: 10215: 10211: 10207:. 1843, p. 25f. 10202: 10198: 10189: 10185: 10176: 10172: 10163: 10159: 10150: 10146: 10137: 10133: 10124: 10120: 10111: 10107: 10098: 10094: 10085: 10081: 10072: 10065: 10056: 10041: 10032: 10028: 10019: 10015: 10006: 10002: 9993: 9989: 9978: 9974: 9965: 9950: 9941: 9932: 9921: 9917: 9908: 9897: 9888: 9884: 9875: 9868: 9856: 9852: 9840: 9836: 9827: 9820: 9811: 9807: 9796: 9785: 9776: 9772: 9763: 9759: 9750: 9746: 9737: 9733: 9724: 9720: 9711: 9707: 9698: 9694: 9685: 9681: 9672: 9659: 9649: 9647: 9638: 9637: 9633: 9624: 9620: 9611: 9607: 9598: 9594: 9586: 9582: 9570: 9566: 9557: 9542: 9521: 9517: 9493: 9489: 9481:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 9480: 9476: 9467: 9466: 9462: 9447: 9431: 9427: 9410: 9406: 9397: 9393: 9380: 9376: 9371: 9367: 9358: 9357: 9353: 9346: 9331: 9330: 9326: 9313: 9312: 9308: 9298: 9296: 9283: 9282: 9278: 9263: 9259: 9249: 9247: 9240: 9224: 9220: 9213: 9190: 9183: 9173: 9171: 9162: 9161: 9157: 9144:Wiley-Blackwell 9130: 9126: 9116: 9114: 9101: 9100: 9096: 9067:Ignác Goldziher 9065: 9061: 9052: 9048: 9033: 9029: 9020: 9016: 9009: 8984: 8980: 8973: 8951: 8947: 8932:Chibli Mallat, 8931: 8924: 8915: 8911: 8902: 8898: 8892:What is Sufism? 8889: 8882: 8873: 8864: 8852: 8848: 8836: 8832: 8820: 8816: 8807: 8803: 8791: 8787: 8775: 8771: 8766: 8762: 8750: 8746: 8734: 8730: 8713: 8712: 8708: 8699: 8692: 8683: 8679: 8673:Wayback Machine 8662: 8653: 8643: 8641: 8639: 8619: 8615: 8600: 8596: 8589: 8567: 8563: 8549: 8545: 8538: 8524:Lapidus, Ira M. 8521: 8517: 8510: 8496:Lapidus, Ira M. 8493: 8486: 8479: 8457: 8453: 8446: 8424: 8420: 8413: 8385: 8381: 8374: 8358: 8354: 8347: 8327: 8323: 8313: 8311: 8298: 8297: 8293: 8281:Springer, 2018 8276: 8272: 8255: 8251: 8234: 8230: 8220: 8218: 8207: 8203: 8190: 8183: 8171: 8164: 8149: 8145: 8124: 8122: 8096: 8094: 8081: 8069: 8067: 8052: 8022: 8020: 8003: 7993: 7989: 7979: 7977: 7964: 7963: 7959: 7949: 7947: 7932: 7928: 7911: 7907: 7899: 7895: 7883:ABC-CLIO, 2014 7875: 7871: 7866: 7862: 7845: 7841: 7824: 7815: 7805: 7803: 7788: 7784: 7771: 7770: 7766: 7755: 7751: 7714: 7710: 7703: 7687: 7683: 7676: 7662: 7658: 7651: 7637: 7633: 7626: 7612: 7608: 7601: 7593:. UK: Penguin. 7585: 7581: 7572: 7568: 7561: 7547: 7543: 7536: 7522: 7518: 7501: 7497: 7482: 7478: 7471: 7455: 7451: 7444: 7424: 7420: 7403: 7399: 7392: 7376: 7372: 7362: 7360: 7349: 7345: 7335: 7319: 7315: 7304: 7288: 7284: 7275: 7271: 7259: 7252: 7243: 7239: 7226: 7222: 7209: 7205: 7192: 7188: 7175: 7171: 7158: 7154: 7145: 7141: 7136: 7132: 7127: 7123: 7114: 7110: 7098: 7094: 7085: 7078: 7069: 7062: 7053: 7049: 7028: 7024: 7004: 7000: 6991: 6984: 6975: 6971: 6962: 6958: 6945: 6941: 6933:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 6932: 6928: 6923: 6919: 6910: 6903: 6894: 6890: 6877: 6873: 6864: 6860: 6851: 6847: 6838: 6834: 6821: 6817: 6810:Kairo 1928/29. 6805: 6801: 6789: 6785: 6770: 6766: 6753: 6749: 6740: 6736: 6727: 6723: 6714: 6710: 6699: 6685: 6681: 6674: 6655: 6651: 6644: 6628: 6624: 6613: 6606: 6596: 6594: 6574: 6570: 6551: 6547: 6540: 6526: 6522: 6515: 6501: 6497: 6490: 6476: 6472: 6446: 6442: 6432: 6430: 6421: 6420: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6352: 6309:, etc. and the 6126: 6105: 6016: 5989: 5909: 5904: 5831: 5819:Sunan al-Darimi 5755:Sunan Ibn Majah 5737:Sunan Abu Dawud 5728:Sunan al-Sughra 5689:Kutub al-Sittah 5686: 5683:Kutub al-Sittah 5675:oral traditions 5650: 5608: 5566: 5561: 5502: 5466:visio beatifica 5458: 5419: 5395: 5370: 5365: 5302:imām al-atqiyāʾ 5286:saiyid al-bašar 5270: 5244:God called the 5207: 5202: 5168:repeated them. 5104: 4999: 4939: 4922: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4844:Day of Judgment 4838:Prophets of God 4815:Creed of Tahāwi 4797:The confession 4687: 4650:against Wahabi 4537: 4525:issued by King 4390: 4378: 4321:Ahmed al-Rifa'i 4248:hadith scholars 4066: 4060: 4025: 3959:Minhāj as-sunna 3947: 3830: 3824:school of law. 3684: 3678: 3618: 3608: 3560: 3558: 3551: 3550: 3509: 3508: 3497: 3496: 3488: 3481: 3480: 3471: 3470: 3462: 3456: 3450: 3444: 3438: 3432: 3426: 3419: 3418: 3409: 3408: 3403:Qingzhen Zhinan 3391: 3376: 3361: 3358:Kitab al-Tawhid 3345: 3344: 3333: 3332: 3329: 3322: 3315: 3308: 3301: 3294: 3287: 3280: 3273: 3266: 3263: 3256: 3249: 3246:Hamid Raza Khan 3242: 3235: 3228: 3221: 3214: 3207: 3200: 3193: 3186: 3179: 3172: 3165: 3158: 3155:Amjad Ali Aazmi 3151: 3144: 3137: 3130: 3123: 3116: 3109: 3102: 3095: 3088: 3081: 3078: 3071: 3064: 3057: 3050: 3043: 3036: 3029: 3026: 3019: 3012: 3005: 2998: 2991: 2988: 2981: 2973: 2966: 2959: 2952: 2949: 2946:Ebussuud Efendi 2942: 2939:Ibn Kemal Pasha 2935: 2932: 2924: 2917: 2910: 2903: 2896: 2893: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2869: 2862: 2859: 2852: 2845: 2838: 2831: 2824: 2817: 2810: 2807: 2800: 2797: 2790: 2782: 2781: 2770: 2742: 2707: 2656:Muslim scholars 2644: 2638: 2595: 2583:(d. 941) named 2568: 2497: 2490: 2488: 2481: 2479: 2472: 2464: 2389:, whose leader 2352:Osama bin Laden 2230:Istiqlal Mosque 2223: 2190: 2080: 2054:as the second, 2008: 1799: 1661:. But when the 1643: 1470:Malik al-Ashtar 1462: 1446: 1441: 1423:tabi al-tabi'in 1389: 1378: 1367: 1356: 1203:is the largest 1178: 1174: 1164: 1126: 1124: 1117: 1116: 1061:Other religions 1056:Arabic language 1018: 1008: 1007: 936:Moral teachings 827: 813: 812: 803:Spread of Islam 748: 738: 737: 725:(jurisprudence) 707:Qisas al-Anbiya 656: 655: 635: 634: 603: 593: 592: 548: 509: 473: 471: 466: 465: 444:Kutub al-Sittah 433: 425: 424: 405: 395: 394: 348: 338: 337: 312: 311: 282: 272: 271: 229: 228: 203: 188: 187: 163: 153: 152: 123: 113: 112: 68: 45: 44: 36: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 22025: 22015: 22014: 21997: 21996: 21994: 21993: 21983: 21972: 21969: 21968: 21965: 21964: 21961: 21960: 21958: 21957: 21952: 21947: 21942: 21937: 21932: 21927: 21922: 21917: 21912: 21907: 21902: 21896: 21894: 21888: 21887: 21885: 21884: 21879: 21874: 21869: 21864: 21859: 21854: 21849: 21844: 21839: 21834: 21829: 21824: 21819: 21813: 21811: 21805: 21804: 21802: 21801: 21796: 21791: 21786: 21781: 21776: 21771: 21766: 21761: 21756: 21751: 21746: 21741: 21736: 21731: 21726: 21721: 21716: 21711: 21706: 21701: 21696: 21691: 21685: 21683: 21677: 21676: 21674: 21673: 21672: 21671: 21666: 21661: 21656: 21649:United Kingdom 21646: 21641: 21636: 21631: 21626: 21621: 21616: 21611: 21606: 21601: 21596: 21591: 21586: 21581: 21576: 21571: 21566: 21561: 21556: 21551: 21546: 21541: 21536: 21531: 21526: 21521: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21496: 21491: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21471: 21466: 21461: 21456: 21451: 21446: 21441: 21436: 21430: 21428: 21422: 21421: 21419: 21418: 21413: 21408: 21403: 21398: 21393: 21388: 21383: 21378: 21373: 21368: 21363: 21358: 21353: 21348: 21343: 21338: 21333: 21328: 21323: 21318: 21313: 21308: 21303: 21298: 21293: 21288: 21283: 21278: 21277: 21276: 21271: 21261: 21256: 21251: 21246: 21241: 21236: 21231: 21226: 21221: 21216: 21211: 21206: 21201: 21196: 21191: 21186: 21181: 21176: 21171: 21166: 21161: 21155: 21153: 21147: 21146: 21144: 21143: 21138: 21133: 21128: 21123: 21118: 21113: 21108: 21103: 21098: 21093: 21088: 21083: 21078: 21073: 21068: 21063: 21058: 21053: 21048: 21043: 21038: 21033: 21028: 21023: 21018: 21013: 21008: 21003: 20998: 20993: 20988: 20983: 20978: 20973: 20968: 20963: 20958: 20953: 20948: 20943: 20938: 20933: 20928: 20923: 20918: 20913: 20908: 20903: 20898: 20893: 20888: 20883: 20878: 20872: 20870: 20860: 20859: 20849: 20848: 20845: 20844: 20841: 20840: 20838: 20837: 20832: 20827: 20822: 20817: 20812: 20807: 20802: 20797: 20792: 20787: 20782: 20777: 20771: 20769: 20761: 20758: 20757: 20755: 20754: 20749: 20744: 20742:Secularization 20739: 20734: 20729: 20724: 20722:Deconstruction 20719: 20714: 20709: 20704: 20698: 20696: 20686: 20683: 20682: 20680: 20679: 20674: 20673: 20672: 20667: 20662: 20652: 20647: 20642: 20637: 20632: 20627: 20622: 20617: 20612: 20607: 20602: 20597: 20592: 20587: 20582: 20577: 20575:Fundamentalism 20572: 20571: 20570: 20565: 20560: 20555: 20545: 20540: 20535: 20530: 20529: 20528: 20523: 20518: 20508: 20507: 20506: 20501: 20496: 20482: 20477: 20471: 20469: 20462: 20459: 20458: 20456: 20455: 20450: 20445: 20440: 20439: 20438: 20428: 20423: 20418: 20413: 20408: 20403: 20398: 20393: 20388: 20383: 20377: 20375: 20367: 20366: 20364: 20363: 20358: 20353: 20348: 20343: 20338: 20333: 20328: 20323: 20318: 20312: 20310: 20304: 20303: 20301: 20300: 20299: 20298: 20293: 20288: 20278: 20273: 20268: 20263: 20258: 20253: 20248: 20243: 20242: 20241: 20236: 20231: 20226: 20216: 20215: 20214: 20209: 20204: 20194: 20189: 20184: 20179: 20174: 20169: 20164: 20159: 20154: 20149: 20148: 20147: 20142: 20137: 20127: 20122: 20117: 20112: 20107: 20102: 20097: 20092: 20087: 20082: 20077: 20072: 20067: 20062: 20053: 20051:Call to prayer 20048: 20043: 20038: 20036:Disaffiliation 20028: 20026: 20018: 20017: 20007: 20006: 20003: 20002: 20000: 19999: 19994: 19989: 19984: 19979: 19974: 19969: 19964: 19963: 19962: 19957: 19952: 19942: 19941: 19940: 19935: 19930: 19925: 19920: 19910: 19905: 19904: 19903: 19898: 19893: 19883: 19882: 19881: 19876: 19866: 19865: 19864: 19859: 19854: 19849: 19839: 19834: 19833: 19832: 19822: 19821: 19820: 19815: 19805: 19800: 19799: 19798: 19788: 19783: 19778: 19773: 19768: 19763: 19758: 19753: 19752: 19751: 19746: 19741: 19736: 19734:Greco-Buddhism 19731: 19721: 19720: 19719: 19714: 19709: 19704: 19694: 19689: 19688: 19687: 19677: 19672: 19667: 19666: 19665: 19655: 19650: 19645: 19644: 19643: 19638: 19628: 19623: 19622: 19621: 19616: 19611: 19601: 19596: 19591: 19586: 19585: 19584: 19573: 19570: 19569: 19557: 19556: 19553: 19552: 19549: 19548: 19545: 19544: 19542: 19541: 19540: 19539: 19529: 19524: 19519: 19514: 19509: 19504: 19499: 19494: 19488: 19486: 19482: 19481: 19479: 19478: 19477: 19476: 19464: 19459: 19458: 19457: 19452: 19447: 19442: 19437: 19432: 19427: 19417: 19412: 19407: 19402: 19397: 19392: 19387: 19382: 19377: 19376: 19375: 19365: 19364: 19363: 19358: 19348: 19347: 19346: 19341: 19331: 19326: 19325: 19324: 19315: 19313: 19305: 19304: 19302: 19301: 19296: 19291: 19286: 19285: 19284: 19279: 19269: 19264: 19259: 19254: 19249: 19248: 19247: 19237: 19232: 19227: 19222: 19217: 19212: 19207: 19202: 19197: 19192: 19186: 19184: 19177: 19167: 19166: 19163: 19162: 19160: 19159: 19154: 19149: 19144: 19138: 19136: 19132: 19131: 19128: 19127: 19125: 19124: 19123: 19122: 19117: 19112: 19107: 19102: 19097: 19095:Tambor de Mina 19092: 19087: 19082: 19077: 19072: 19067: 19062: 19057: 19052: 19051: 19050: 19045: 19040: 19021: 19020: 19019: 19018: 19008: 19003: 18998: 18993: 18988: 18983: 18978: 18973: 18968: 18963: 18958: 18953: 18948: 18943: 18938: 18933: 18928: 18923: 18922: 18921: 18916: 18906: 18901: 18896: 18890: 18888: 18880: 18879: 18877: 18876: 18875: 18874: 18872:Guanche church 18863: 18861: 18854: 18846: 18845: 18843: 18842: 18837: 18832: 18827: 18822: 18817: 18812: 18807: 18802: 18797: 18792: 18787: 18781: 18779: 18777:Tibeto-Burmese 18773: 18772: 18770: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18754: 18748: 18746: 18736: 18735: 18733: 18732: 18727: 18722: 18717: 18716: 18715: 18710: 18700: 18695: 18693:Nuu-chah-nulth 18690: 18685: 18680: 18675: 18674: 18673: 18668: 18663: 18658: 18648: 18643: 18638: 18637: 18636: 18626: 18621: 18616: 18615: 18614: 18609: 18604: 18602:Muscogee Creek 18599: 18594: 18584: 18579: 18574: 18569: 18560: 18555: 18550: 18545: 18540: 18539: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18507: 18506: 18496: 18490: 18488: 18480: 18479: 18477: 18476: 18471: 18469:Sumbese Marapu 18466: 18465: 18464: 18459: 18449: 18448: 18447: 18437: 18432: 18427: 18422: 18421: 18420: 18415: 18407: 18406: 18405: 18400: 18390: 18388:Batak Parmalim 18384: 18382: 18376: 18375: 18373: 18372: 18366: 18364: 18358: 18357: 18355: 18354: 18353: 18352: 18347: 18337: 18336: 18335: 18330: 18325: 18310: 18308: 18299: 18293: 18292: 18289: 18288: 18285: 18284: 18282: 18281: 18280: 18279: 18274: 18264: 18259: 18254: 18249: 18244: 18243: 18242: 18237: 18227: 18222: 18216: 18214: 18210: 18209: 18207: 18206: 18199: 18194: 18193: 18192: 18182: 18181: 18180: 18175: 18170: 18152: 18146: 18144: 18138: 18137: 18135: 18134: 18127: 18122: 18117: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18097: 18096: 18095: 18090: 18085: 18080: 18075: 18070: 18065: 18060: 18050: 18049: 18048: 18043: 18038: 18033: 18028: 18023: 18018: 18013: 18008: 17997: 17995: 17986: 17980: 17979: 17976: 17975: 17973: 17972: 17967: 17962: 17957: 17952: 17946: 17944: 17938: 17937: 17935: 17934: 17929: 17924: 17918: 17916: 17910: 17909: 17907: 17906: 17901: 17896: 17891: 17890: 17889: 17876: 17874: 17868: 17867: 17865: 17864: 17863: 17862: 17857: 17847: 17846: 17845: 17840: 17830: 17825: 17820: 17815: 17809: 17807: 17798: 17789: 17783: 17782: 17779: 17778: 17775: 17774: 17772: 17771: 17766: 17761: 17755: 17753: 17749: 17748: 17746: 17745: 17740: 17735: 17730: 17724: 17722: 17716: 17715: 17713: 17712: 17707: 17702: 17700:Ilm-e-Khshnoom 17696: 17694: 17685: 17679: 17678: 17675: 17674: 17672: 17671: 17666: 17661: 17656: 17651: 17646: 17641: 17635: 17633: 17629: 17628: 17626: 17625: 17618: 17613: 17608: 17603: 17598: 17593: 17588: 17587: 17586: 17576: 17571: 17570: 17569: 17564: 17559: 17554: 17544: 17543: 17542: 17541: 17540: 17535: 17525: 17520: 17515: 17504: 17502: 17496: 17495: 17493: 17492: 17485: 17484: 17483: 17478: 17473: 17468: 17463: 17458: 17453: 17448: 17443: 17437:Bible Students 17429: 17424: 17419: 17414: 17409: 17407:Restorationism 17404: 17403: 17402: 17397: 17392: 17387: 17386: 17385: 17375: 17370: 17365: 17363:Evangelicalism 17360: 17359: 17358: 17353: 17348: 17338: 17337: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17305: 17304: 17299: 17294: 17289: 17284: 17274: 17264: 17263: 17262: 17257: 17243: 17242: 17241: 17236: 17226: 17221: 17220: 17219: 17209: 17208: 17207: 17202: 17191: 17189: 17183: 17182: 17180: 17179: 17172: 17167: 17162: 17157: 17152: 17147: 17142: 17137: 17136: 17135: 17134: 17133: 17123: 17122: 17121: 17105: 17103: 17094: 17085: 17075: 17074: 17062: 17061: 17054: 17053: 17046: 17039: 17031: 17022: 17021: 17019: 17018: 17011: 17008:Lisan al-Mizan 17004: 16997: 16990: 16982: 16980: 16974: 16973: 16971: 16970: 16963: 16956: 16948: 16946: 16937: 16934: 16933: 16931: 16930: 16923: 16920:Sharah Arbaeen 16916: 16909: 16906:Irshad al-Sari 16902: 16895: 16887: 16885: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16877: 16870: 16865: 16858: 16850: 16848: 16844: 16843: 16841: 16840: 16833: 16826: 16819: 16812: 16805: 16798: 16791: 16784: 16777: 16770: 16762: 16760: 16756: 16755: 16752: 16751: 16749: 16748: 16741: 16734: 16727: 16720: 16713: 16706: 16699: 16696:Musnad Humaidi 16692: 16685: 16678: 16671: 16664: 16656: 16654: 16650: 16649: 16647: 16646: 16639: 16632: 16624: 16622: 16618: 16617: 16615: 16614: 16606: 16604: 16600: 16599: 16597: 16596: 16589: 16582: 16574: 16572: 16568: 16567: 16565: 16564: 16557: 16550: 16543: 16535: 16533: 16529: 16528: 16526: 16525: 16518: 16511: 16504: 16497: 16489: 16487: 16483: 16482: 16480: 16479: 16472: 16465: 16458: 16451: 16444: 16436: 16434: 16425: 16421: 16420: 16409: 16408: 16401: 16394: 16386: 16377: 16376: 16374: 16373: 16363: 16350: 16347: 16346: 16343: 16342: 16339: 16338: 16336: 16335: 16330: 16325: 16320: 16315: 16310: 16305: 16300: 16295: 16294: 16293: 16283: 16282: 16281: 16276: 16271: 16261: 16256: 16255: 16254: 16249: 16238: 16236: 16235:Related topics 16232: 16231: 16229: 16228: 16223: 16218: 16213: 16207: 16205: 16199: 16198: 16196: 16195: 16190: 16185: 16180: 16175: 16174: 16173: 16168: 16157: 16155: 16145: 16144: 16131: 16130: 16127: 16126: 16123: 16122: 16120: 16119: 16114: 16107: 16102: 16101: 16100: 16090: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16070: 16064: 16062: 16058: 16057: 16055: 16054: 16049: 16044: 16039: 16033: 16031: 16025: 16024: 16022: 16021: 16016: 16011: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15991: 15986: 15980: 15978: 15972: 15971: 15969: 15968: 15963: 15958: 15953: 15948: 15943: 15938: 15933: 15927: 15925: 15915: 15914: 15899: 15898: 15895: 15894: 15891: 15890: 15888: 15887: 15882: 15881: 15880: 15868: 15866:Sources of law 15863: 15858: 15857: 15856: 15846: 15839: 15834: 15827: 15822: 15815: 15810: 15805: 15800: 15795: 15790: 15785: 15780: 15773: 15766: 15765: 15764: 15759: 15754: 15744: 15739: 15731: 15729: 15725: 15724: 15722: 15721: 15714: 15707: 15700: 15693: 15686: 15679: 15671: 15669: 15667: 15666: 15661: 15656: 15650: 15647: 15646: 15644: 15643: 15636: 15631: 15624: 15617: 15610: 15602: 15600: 15594: 15593: 15591: 15590: 15583: 15576: 15569: 15562: 15557: 15551: 15549: 15539: 15538: 15535: 15534: 15529: 15523: 15515: 15514: 15511: 15510: 15508: 15507: 15502: 15497: 15492: 15490:Social welfare 15487: 15482: 15475: 15470: 15465: 15460: 15455: 15450: 15445: 15440: 15435: 15430: 15425: 15420: 15415: 15410: 15404: 15402: 15400: 15399: 15394: 15388: 15385: 15384: 15382: 15381: 15376: 15371: 15370: 15369: 15359: 15354: 15349: 15348: 15347: 15342: 15341: 15340: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15299: 15298: 15275: 15273: 15267: 15266: 15264: 15263: 15256: 15251: 15246: 15241: 15235: 15233: 15227: 15226: 15224: 15223: 15222: 15221: 15216: 15211: 15206: 15201: 15196: 15191: 15186: 15174: 15169: 15162: 15155: 15153:Historiography 15150: 15145: 15140: 15135: 15129: 15127: 15125: 15124: 15119: 15113: 15110: 15109: 15107: 15106: 15099: 15092: 15085: 15078: 15070: 15068: 15062: 15061: 15059: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15041: 15036: 15031: 15026: 15025: 15024: 15014: 15007: 15006: 15005: 14994: 14992: 14982: 14981: 14974: 14971: 14970: 14962: 14961: 14954: 14947: 14939: 14930: 14929: 14926: 14925: 14922: 14921: 14919: 14918: 14913: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14893: 14885: 14882: 14881: 14878: 14877: 14875: 14874: 14869: 14864: 14859: 14854: 14849: 14843: 14841: 14835: 14834: 14832: 14831: 14826: 14825: 14824: 14819: 14810: 14795: 14793: 14787: 14786: 14784: 14783: 14782: 14781: 14775: 14770: 14765: 14760: 14758:Muhammad Abduh 14749: 14747: 14741: 14740: 14738: 14737: 14736: 14735: 14717: 14716: 14715: 14701: 14700: 14699: 14681: 14680: 14679: 14662: 14661: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14639: 14637: 14628: 14618: 14617: 14614: 14613: 14611: 14610: 14609: 14608: 14603: 14601:Rashad Khalifa 14593: 14592: 14591: 14586: 14584:Muhammad Iqbal 14576: 14571: 14565: 14563: 14557: 14556: 14554: 14553: 14552: 14551: 14545: 14544: 14543: 14537: 14536: 14535: 14534: 14533: 14527: 14524: 14518: 14515: 14514: 14513: 14512: 14511: 14502: 14501: 14500: 14492: 14491: 14490: 14489: 14488: 14483: 14475: 14468: 14466: 14454: 14453: 14451: 14450: 14437: 14435:Bektashi Order 14428: 14419: 14405: 14403: 14394: 14380: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14373: 14372: 14371: 14370: 14362: 14357: 14352: 14349: 14348: 14347: 14339: 14338: 14337: 14331: 14326: 14325: 14324: 14314: 14313: 14312: 14306: 14305: 14304: 14298: 14297: 14296: 14288: 14287: 14286: 14284:Abu al-Khattab 14275: 14273: 14267: 14266: 14264: 14263: 14262: 14261: 14256: 14251: 14242:Abū Hulmān al- 14235: 14232: 14231: 14230: 14223: 14221: 14212: 14206: 14205: 14202: 14201: 14199: 14198: 14197:Amr ibn Murrah 14195: 14194:Ahmad ibn Hārb 14192: 14189: 14186: 14183: 14182:Salm ibn Sālem 14180: 14177: 14174: 14171: 14168: 14165: 14162: 14157: 14151: 14149: 14145: 14144: 14142: 14141: 14140: 14139: 14133: 14132: 14131: 14125: 14124: 14123: 14117: 14116: 14115: 14114:Sāleh ibn Umar 14109: 14108: 14107: 14101: 14100: 14099: 14093: 14092: 14091: 14090:Gassān al-Kūfī 14085: 14084: 14083: 14077: 14076: 14075: 14068: 14066: 14062: 14061: 14059: 14058: 14057: 14056: 14053: 14050: 14047: 14044: 14041: 14038: 14035: 14032: 14029: 14026: 14023: 14020: 14017: 14014: 14011: 14004: 14002: 13993: 13973: 13972: 13969: 13968: 13966: 13965: 13960: 13959: 13958: 13948: 13939: 13937:Jābir ibn Zayd 13934: 13928: 13926: 13920: 13919: 13917: 13916: 13915: 13914: 13905: 13895: 13894: 13893: 13883: 13882: 13881: 13875: 13874: 13873: 13863: 13862: 13861: 13858: 13855: 13848: 13846: 13837: 13825: 13824: 13821: 13820: 13818: 13817: 13812: 13811: 13810: 13805:Tawussite Shia 13802: 13801: 13800: 13786: 13785: 13784: 13770: 13764: 13762: 13755: 13754: 13752: 13751: 13750: 13749: 13744: 13743: 13742: 13737: 13736: 13735: 13730: 13729: 13728: 13723: 13708: 13707: 13706: 13688: 13687: 13686: 13685: 13684: 13678: 13677: 13676: 13673: 13672: 13671: 13668: 13660: 13645: 13644: 13643: 13632: 13630: 13622: 13621: 13619: 13618: 13617: 13616: 13607: 13594: 13580: 13579: 13578: 13566: 13565: 13564: 13559: 13558: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13527: 13526: 13525: 13508: 13490: 13489: 13488: 13477: 13475: 13465: 13464: 13462: 13461: 13460: 13459: 13450: 13436: 13435: 13434: 13417: 13399: 13398: 13397: 13371: 13370: 13369: 13364: 13363: 13362: 13357: 13341: 13339: 13326: 13304: 13303: 13300: 13299: 13297: 13296: 13295: 13294: 13289: 13279: 13278: 13277: 13275:Imams of Yemen 13272: 13270:Yahya ibn Umar 13267: 13266: 13265: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13234: 13232: 13223: 13217: 13216: 13213: 13212: 13210: 13209: 13208: 13207: 13206: 13205: 13196: 13183: 13160: 13159: 13158: 13157: 13156: 13142: 13131: 13129: 13117: 13116: 13114: 13113: 13112: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13100: 13099: 13094: 13093: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13072: 13071: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13045: 13044: 13043: 13024: 13014: 13013: 13012: 13007: 13002: 12992: 12991: 12990: 12981: 12979: 12964: 12954: 12953: 12941: 12940: 12937: 12936: 12933: 12932: 12930: 12929: 12924: 12918: 12915: 12914: 12911: 12910: 12908: 12907: 12896: 12885: 12878:Kitab al-Majmu 12874: 12866: 12864: 12860: 12859: 12857: 12856: 12849: 12844: 12837: 12830: 12823: 12815: 12813: 12807: 12806: 12804: 12803: 12796: 12789: 12782: 12775: 12768: 12761: 12754: 12747: 12740: 12733: 12726: 12719: 12716:Asas al-Taqdis 12711: 12709: 12700: 12696: 12695: 12692: 12691: 12689: 12688: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12662: 12660: 12654: 12653: 12651: 12650: 12645: 12640: 12635: 12630: 12629: 12628: 12618: 12613: 12608: 12603: 12598: 12592: 12590: 12584: 12583: 12581: 12580: 12579: 12578: 12568: 12566:Ja'far Sobhani 12563: 12558: 12553: 12548: 12543: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12517: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12469:Husayn ibn Ali 12466: 12461: 12450: 12448: 12442: 12441: 12439: 12438: 12437: 12436: 12428: 12427: 12426: 12416: 12415: 12414: 12404: 12402:Salman al-Ouda 12399: 12398: 12397: 12395:Sahwa movement 12387: 12385:Zubair Ali Zai 12382: 12377: 12376: 12375: 12365: 12364: 12363: 12353: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12318: 12317: 12316: 12306: 12301: 12295: 12293: 12287: 12286: 12284: 12283: 12282: 12281: 12278: 12275: 12272: 12265: 12263: 12257: 12256: 12254: 12253: 12250: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12233:Al-Zamakhshari 12230: 12229: 12228: 12218: 12212: 12209: 12206: 12203: 12197: 12194: 12191: 12188: 12185: 12178: 12176: 12164: 12163: 12161: 12160: 12140: 12138: 12132: 12131: 12129: 12128: 12118: 12117: 12116: 12108: 12092: 12081: 12079: 12073: 12072: 12070: 12069: 12068: 12067: 12066: 12065: 12052: 12051: 12050: 12039: 12037: 12031: 12030: 12028: 12027: 12022: 12017: 12012: 12007: 12002: 11997: 11992: 11987: 11982: 11977: 11972: 11970:Ahmad Sirhindi 11967: 11962: 11957: 11952: 11947: 11942: 11937: 11932: 11927: 11922: 11917: 11912: 11907: 11902: 11897: 11892: 11887: 11882: 11877: 11872: 11866: 11864: 11852: 11851: 11849: 11848: 11838: 11831:Malik ibn Anas 11828: 11817: 11815: 11806: 11805: 11803: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11712: 11707: 11702: 11697: 11692: 11687: 11682: 11677: 11672: 11667: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11647: 11642: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11622: 11617: 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11595:Al-Shahrastani 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11571: 11569: 11554: 11548: 11547: 11544: 11543: 11541: 11540: 11535: 11530: 11524: 11522: 11516: 11515: 11513: 11512: 11507: 11502: 11496: 11494: 11488: 11487: 11485: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11463: 11461: 11455: 11454: 11452: 11451: 11446: 11441: 11435: 11433: 11424: 11416: 11415: 11412: 11411: 11408: 11403: 11399: 11391: 11390: 11383: 11382: 11375: 11368: 11360: 11354: 11353: 11341: 11338: 11337: 11336: 11320: 11309: 11298: 11275: 11268: 11257: 11249:McHugo, John. 11247: 11236: 11225: 11218: 11211: 11200: 11193: 11186: 11176: 11165: 11156: 11153: 11150: 11149: 11087: 11086: 11084: 11081: 11078: 11077: 11065: 11049: 11037: 11034:. islam.in.ua. 11023: 11002: 10986: 10973: 10957: 10940: 10931: 10922: 10909: 10896: 10887:ʿAlī al-Qārī: 10880: 10861: 10848: 10831: 10822: 10809: 10796: 10780: 10771: 10751: 10731: 10711: 10679: 10663: 10647: 10631: 10618: 10605: 10592: 10586:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 10576: 10563: 10550: 10537: 10521: 10508: 10495: 10482: 10469: 10456: 10443: 10430: 10417: 10404: 10391: 10375: 10360: 10347: 10334: 10332:. 1843, S. 12. 10321: 10308: 10290: 10277: 10261: 10259:. 1843, p. 12. 10248: 10242:Vgl. van Ess: 10235: 10222: 10209: 10196: 10183: 10170: 10168:. 1843, p. 28. 10157: 10144: 10131: 10118: 10105: 10092: 10079: 10063: 10039: 10026: 10013: 10011:. 1843, p. 18. 10000: 9987: 9972: 9948: 9930: 9915: 9895: 9882: 9866: 9850: 9834: 9828:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 9818: 9805: 9783: 9770: 9757: 9744: 9731: 9718: 9705: 9692: 9679: 9657: 9631: 9625:Clemens Wein: 9618: 9605: 9599:Henri Laoust: 9592: 9580: 9564: 9558:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 9540: 9515: 9504:Joseph Schacht 9487: 9474: 9460: 9445: 9439:. Routhledge. 9425: 9404: 9391: 9374: 9365: 9351: 9344: 9324: 9306: 9276: 9257: 9238: 9218: 9211: 9195:, ed. (2003). 9181: 9155: 9152:978-1405178488 9124: 9103:"Law, Islamic" 9094: 9091:978-9004162419 9059: 9046: 9027: 9014: 9008:978-0199739356 9007: 8978: 8972:978-0195305135 8971: 8945: 8942:978-0199230495 8922: 8909: 8896: 8890:Martin Lings, 8880: 8862: 8846: 8830: 8814: 8801: 8785: 8769: 8760: 8744: 8728: 8706: 8690: 8677: 8651: 8638:978-0199696703 8637: 8613: 8594: 8588:978-1137473578 8587: 8561: 8543: 8537:978-0521514309 8536: 8515: 8509:978-0521514309 8508: 8484: 8478:978-1137473578 8477: 8451: 8445:978-1137473578 8444: 8418: 8412:978-0199696703 8411: 8379: 8373:978-8178357195 8372: 8352: 8346:978-0230106581 8345: 8321: 8300:"Maturidiyyah" 8291: 8287:978-3319973555 8270: 8266:978-9004357242 8249: 8245:978-9004357242 8228: 8201: 8181: 8162: 8143: 8141: 8140: 8134: 8106: 8079: 8050: 8044: 8038: 8032: 8001: 7987: 7957: 7940:South Carolina 7926: 7922:978-1107101524 7905: 7893: 7889:978-1610691789 7869: 7860: 7858:, pp. 120–121. 7856:978-9004185920 7839: 7837:, pp. 114–116. 7835:978-9004185920 7813: 7782: 7779:. 15 May 2015. 7764: 7761:. p. 547. 7749: 7708: 7702:978-1845112578 7701: 7681: 7675:978-0333098714 7674: 7656: 7650:978-0313340123 7649: 7631: 7625:978-0582086951 7624: 7606: 7600:978-0141968704 7599: 7579: 7573:Gail Minault, 7566: 7560:978-1138953215 7559: 7541: 7535:978-0195793871 7534: 7516: 7495: 7476: 7470:978-1273126963 7469: 7449: 7443:978-0385523936 7442: 7418: 7397: 7391:978-0231521659 7390: 7370: 7351:Tore Kjeilen. 7343: 7334:978-0231531924 7333: 7313: 7303:978-0231531924 7302: 7282: 7269: 7250: 7237: 7235:. 1994, S. 56. 7220: 7218:. 1994, S. 53. 7203: 7201:. 1994, S. 53. 7186: 7184:. 1920, S. 38. 7169: 7152: 7139: 7130: 7121: 7108: 7092: 7076: 7060: 7047: 7022: 6998: 6992:So al-Ašʿarī: 6982: 6969: 6956: 6939: 6926: 6917: 6901: 6888: 6871: 6869:. 1997, S. 49. 6858: 6845: 6832: 6815: 6799: 6783: 6764: 6747: 6734: 6721: 6708: 6698:978-0195793871 6697: 6679: 6672: 6649: 6643:978-1610691789 6642: 6622: 6604: 6568: 6545: 6539:978-0805418293 6538: 6520: 6514:978-9004172739 6513: 6495: 6489:978-1135165956 6488: 6470: 6440: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6404: 6402:Majlis Al-Noor 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6344:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6307:Hizb ut-Tahrir 6279:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6255:Ramzan Kadyrov 6199:those who are 6192:Aqīda Wāsiṭīya 6133:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6125: 6122: 6104: 6101: 6093:Party of ʿAlīs 6068: 6067: 6052: 6045: 6038: 6035: 5988: 5985: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5896:mezhepler üstü 5830: 5827: 5826: 5825: 5816: 5807: 5802: 5793: 5784: 5775: 5762: 5761: 5752: 5743: 5734: 5725: 5716: 5685: 5680: 5649: 5645:Sunni view of 5643: 5607: 5604: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5501: 5498: 5457: 5454: 5418: 5415: 5394: 5391: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5300:of the godly ( 5269: 5266: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5138:ar-rūḥ al-amīn 5103: 5100: 5039:. God hid the 4998: 4995: 4938: 4935: 4921: 4918: 4871: 4868: 4863:Main article: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4855: 4846: 4840: 4836:Belief in the 4834: 4831: 4827:Belief in the 4825: 4823:Oneness of God 4821:Belief in the 4807: 4806: 4795: 4776: 4745: 4738: 4719: 4686: 4680: 4644:1857 rebellion 4600:United Kingdom 4536: 4531: 4504:Ottoman Empire 4434:Islamic belief 4389: 4386: 4377: 4374: 4292:aʾimma al-hudā 4246:), namely the 4228: 4227: 4208: 4178: 4147:the people of 4062:Main article: 4059: 4056: 4024: 4021: 3946: 3943: 3829: 3826: 3680:Main article: 3677: 3674: 3650:Ottoman Empire 3644:, migrated to 3614:Main article: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3606: 3599: 3592: 3584: 3581: 3580: 3579: 3578: 3568: 3553: 3552: 3549: 3548: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3506:Related groups 3504: 3503: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3489: 3482: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3473: 3472: 3469: 3468: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3414: 3411: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3384: 3377: 3369: 3362: 3354: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3331: 3330: 3328:(d. 1443/2021) 3323: 3316: 3314:(d. 1434/2013) 3309: 3302: 3295: 3293:(d. 1412/1992) 3288: 3281: 3279:(d. 1403/1983) 3274: 3272:(d. 1402/1982) 3265: 3264: 3257: 3250: 3243: 3241:(d. 1397/1977) 3236: 3229: 3227:(d. 1394/1974) 3222: 3220:(d. 1394/1974) 3215: 3208: 3206:(d. 1384/1965) 3201: 3194: 3192:(d. 1377/1957) 3187: 3185:(d. 1374/1954) 3180: 3178:(d. 1371/1951) 3173: 3166: 3159: 3152: 3150:(d. 1364/1944) 3145: 3143:(d. 1362/1943) 3138: 3136:(d. 1361/1942) 3131: 3129:(d. 1352/1933) 3124: 3122:(d. 1346/1927) 3117: 3115:(d. 1339/1921) 3110: 3108:(d. 1323/1905) 3103: 3101:(d. 1317/1899) 3096: 3094:(d. 1297/1880) 3089: 3087:(d. 1304/1887) 3080: 3079: 3077:(d. 1298/1880) 3072: 3070:(d. 1291/1874) 3068:Yusuf Ma Dexin 3065: 3063:(d. 1278/1861) 3058: 3056:(d. 1257/1841) 3051: 3049:(d. 1252/1836) 3044: 3042:(d. 1239/1824) 3037: 3035:(d. 1205/1791) 3028: 3027: 3020: 3018:(d. 1161/1748) 3013: 3011:(d. 1144/1731) 3006: 3004:(d. 1137/1725) 2999: 2990: 2989: 2982: 2980:(d. 1067/1657) 2974: 2972:(d. 1034/1624) 2967: 2965:(d. 1025/1616) 2960: 2958:(d. 1014/1606) 2951: 2950: 2943: 2934: 2933: 2925: 2918: 2911: 2904: 2895: 2894: 2887: 2880: 2871: 2870: 2861: 2860: 2853: 2846: 2839: 2832: 2825: 2818: 2809: 2808: 2799: 2798: 2791: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2743: 2733: 2725: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2706: 2703: 2688:Regarding the 2640:Main article: 2637: 2634: 2567: 2564: 2551:South Carolina 2524:true believers 2489: 2480: 2471: 2463: 2460: 2375:North Caucasus 2246:Ottoman Empire 2222: 2219: 2211:Jafar al Sādiq 2199:Malik ibn Anas 2189: 2186: 2093:Walid bin Uqba 2079: 2076: 2050:as the first, 2007: 2004: 1926:in the phrase 1798: 1795: 1642: 1639: 1468:). It is said 1466: 644–656 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1393: 656–661 1382: 644–656 1371: 634–644 1360: 632–634 1302:public welfare 1201:Orthodox Islam 1166: 1165: 1163: 1162: 1155: 1148: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1119: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1090: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1031: 1030: 1025: 1019: 1016:Related topics 1014: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1000: 998:Social welfare 995: 990: 989: 988: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 892: 891: 886: 876: 875: 874: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 828: 819: 818: 815: 814: 811: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 784: 783: 776: 769: 761: 760: 755: 749: 744: 743: 740: 739: 736: 735: 727: 718: 717: 711: 703: 695: 686: 685: 665: 657: 654: 653: 648: 642: 641: 640: 637: 636: 633: 632: 627: 622: 616: 615: 610: 604: 599: 598: 595: 594: 591: 590: 588:Predestination 584: 583: 578: 572: 571: 569:Revealed Books 566: 560: 559: 549: 544: 543: 540: 539: 531: 530: 524: 523: 511: 510: 508: 507: 500: 493: 485: 482: 481: 468: 467: 464: 463: 462: 461: 450: 449: 448: 447: 434: 431: 430: 427: 426: 423: 422: 417: 412: 406: 401: 400: 397: 396: 393: 392: 387: 382: 377: 376: 375: 370: 360: 355: 349: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 309: 308: 298: 283: 278: 277: 274: 273: 270: 269: 262: 255: 248: 241: 226: 225: 220: 215: 210: 204: 194: 193: 190: 189: 186: 185: 180: 175: 170: 164: 159: 158: 155: 154: 151: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 124: 119: 118: 115: 114: 111: 110: 105: 103:Predestination 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 69: 64: 63: 60: 59: 51: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 22024: 22013: 22010: 22009: 22007: 21992: 21988: 21984: 21982: 21974: 21973: 21970: 21956: 21953: 21951: 21948: 21946: 21943: 21941: 21938: 21936: 21933: 21931: 21928: 21926: 21923: 21921: 21918: 21916: 21913: 21911: 21908: 21906: 21903: 21901: 21898: 21897: 21895: 21893: 21892:South America 21889: 21883: 21880: 21878: 21875: 21873: 21870: 21868: 21865: 21863: 21860: 21858: 21855: 21853: 21850: 21848: 21845: 21843: 21840: 21838: 21835: 21833: 21830: 21828: 21825: 21823: 21820: 21818: 21815: 21814: 21812: 21810: 21806: 21800: 21799:United States 21797: 21795: 21792: 21790: 21787: 21785: 21782: 21780: 21777: 21775: 21772: 21770: 21767: 21765: 21762: 21760: 21757: 21755: 21752: 21750: 21747: 21745: 21742: 21740: 21737: 21735: 21732: 21730: 21727: 21725: 21722: 21720: 21717: 21715: 21712: 21710: 21707: 21705: 21702: 21700: 21697: 21695: 21692: 21690: 21687: 21686: 21684: 21682: 21681:North America 21678: 21670: 21667: 21665: 21662: 21660: 21657: 21655: 21652: 21651: 21650: 21647: 21645: 21642: 21640: 21637: 21635: 21632: 21630: 21627: 21625: 21622: 21620: 21617: 21615: 21612: 21610: 21607: 21605: 21602: 21600: 21597: 21595: 21592: 21590: 21587: 21585: 21582: 21580: 21577: 21575: 21572: 21570: 21567: 21565: 21562: 21560: 21557: 21555: 21552: 21550: 21547: 21545: 21542: 21540: 21539:Liechtenstein 21537: 21535: 21532: 21530: 21527: 21525: 21522: 21520: 21517: 21515: 21512: 21510: 21507: 21505: 21502: 21500: 21497: 21495: 21492: 21490: 21487: 21485: 21482: 21480: 21477: 21475: 21472: 21470: 21467: 21465: 21462: 21460: 21457: 21455: 21452: 21450: 21447: 21445: 21442: 21440: 21437: 21435: 21432: 21431: 21429: 21427: 21423: 21417: 21414: 21412: 21409: 21407: 21404: 21402: 21399: 21397: 21394: 21392: 21389: 21387: 21384: 21382: 21379: 21377: 21374: 21372: 21369: 21367: 21364: 21362: 21359: 21357: 21354: 21352: 21349: 21347: 21344: 21342: 21339: 21337: 21334: 21332: 21329: 21327: 21324: 21322: 21319: 21317: 21314: 21312: 21309: 21307: 21304: 21302: 21299: 21297: 21294: 21292: 21289: 21287: 21284: 21282: 21279: 21275: 21272: 21270: 21267: 21266: 21265: 21262: 21260: 21257: 21255: 21252: 21250: 21247: 21245: 21242: 21240: 21237: 21235: 21232: 21230: 21227: 21225: 21222: 21220: 21217: 21215: 21212: 21210: 21207: 21205: 21202: 21200: 21197: 21195: 21192: 21190: 21187: 21185: 21182: 21180: 21177: 21175: 21172: 21170: 21167: 21165: 21162: 21160: 21157: 21156: 21154: 21152: 21148: 21142: 21139: 21137: 21134: 21132: 21129: 21127: 21124: 21122: 21119: 21117: 21114: 21112: 21109: 21107: 21104: 21102: 21099: 21097: 21094: 21092: 21089: 21087: 21084: 21082: 21079: 21077: 21074: 21072: 21069: 21067: 21064: 21062: 21059: 21057: 21054: 21052: 21049: 21047: 21044: 21042: 21039: 21037: 21034: 21032: 21029: 21027: 21024: 21022: 21019: 21017: 21014: 21012: 21009: 21007: 21004: 21002: 20999: 20997: 20994: 20992: 20991:Guinea-Bissau 20989: 20987: 20984: 20982: 20979: 20977: 20974: 20972: 20969: 20967: 20964: 20962: 20959: 20957: 20954: 20952: 20949: 20947: 20944: 20942: 20939: 20937: 20934: 20932: 20929: 20927: 20924: 20922: 20919: 20917: 20914: 20912: 20909: 20907: 20904: 20902: 20899: 20897: 20894: 20892: 20889: 20887: 20884: 20882: 20879: 20877: 20874: 20873: 20871: 20869: 20865: 20861: 20854: 20850: 20836: 20833: 20831: 20828: 20826: 20823: 20821: 20818: 20816: 20815:Organizations 20813: 20811: 20808: 20806: 20803: 20801: 20798: 20796: 20793: 20791: 20788: 20786: 20783: 20781: 20778: 20776: 20773: 20772: 20770: 20767: 20759: 20753: 20750: 20748: 20745: 20743: 20740: 20738: 20735: 20733: 20730: 20728: 20725: 20723: 20720: 20718: 20715: 20713: 20710: 20708: 20705: 20703: 20700: 20699: 20697: 20694: 20689: 20684: 20678: 20675: 20671: 20668: 20666: 20663: 20661: 20658: 20657: 20656: 20653: 20651: 20648: 20646: 20645:Vegetarianism 20643: 20641: 20638: 20636: 20633: 20631: 20628: 20626: 20623: 20621: 20618: 20616: 20613: 20611: 20608: 20606: 20603: 20601: 20598: 20596: 20593: 20591: 20590:Homosexuality 20588: 20586: 20583: 20581: 20578: 20576: 20573: 20569: 20566: 20564: 20561: 20559: 20556: 20554: 20551: 20550: 20549: 20546: 20544: 20541: 20539: 20536: 20534: 20531: 20527: 20524: 20522: 20519: 20517: 20514: 20513: 20512: 20509: 20505: 20502: 20500: 20497: 20495: 20492: 20491: 20490: 20486: 20483: 20481: 20478: 20476: 20473: 20472: 20470: 20467: 20460: 20454: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20444: 20441: 20437: 20434: 20433: 20432: 20429: 20427: 20424: 20422: 20419: 20417: 20414: 20412: 20411:Neurotheology 20409: 20407: 20404: 20402: 20399: 20397: 20394: 20392: 20389: 20387: 20384: 20382: 20379: 20378: 20376: 20374: 20368: 20362: 20359: 20357: 20354: 20352: 20349: 20347: 20344: 20342: 20339: 20337: 20334: 20332: 20329: 20327: 20324: 20322: 20319: 20317: 20314: 20313: 20311: 20309: 20305: 20297: 20294: 20292: 20289: 20287: 20284: 20283: 20282: 20279: 20277: 20274: 20272: 20269: 20267: 20264: 20262: 20259: 20257: 20254: 20252: 20249: 20247: 20244: 20240: 20237: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20227: 20225: 20222: 20221: 20220: 20217: 20213: 20210: 20208: 20205: 20203: 20200: 20199: 20198: 20195: 20193: 20190: 20188: 20185: 20183: 20180: 20178: 20175: 20173: 20170: 20168: 20165: 20163: 20160: 20158: 20155: 20153: 20150: 20146: 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20132: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20121: 20118: 20116: 20113: 20111: 20108: 20106: 20105:Folk religion 20103: 20101: 20098: 20096: 20093: 20091: 20088: 20086: 20083: 20081: 20078: 20076: 20073: 20071: 20068: 20066: 20063: 20061: 20057: 20054: 20052: 20049: 20047: 20044: 20042: 20039: 20037: 20033: 20030: 20029: 20027: 20023: 20019: 20012: 20008: 19998: 19995: 19993: 19990: 19988: 19985: 19983: 19980: 19978: 19975: 19973: 19970: 19968: 19965: 19961: 19958: 19956: 19953: 19951: 19948: 19947: 19946: 19943: 19939: 19936: 19934: 19931: 19929: 19928:Imperial cult 19926: 19924: 19921: 19919: 19916: 19915: 19914: 19911: 19909: 19906: 19902: 19899: 19897: 19894: 19892: 19889: 19888: 19887: 19884: 19880: 19877: 19875: 19872: 19871: 19870: 19867: 19863: 19860: 19858: 19855: 19853: 19850: 19848: 19845: 19844: 19843: 19840: 19838: 19835: 19831: 19828: 19827: 19826: 19823: 19819: 19816: 19814: 19811: 19810: 19809: 19806: 19804: 19801: 19797: 19794: 19793: 19792: 19789: 19787: 19784: 19782: 19779: 19777: 19774: 19772: 19769: 19767: 19764: 19762: 19759: 19757: 19754: 19750: 19747: 19745: 19742: 19740: 19737: 19735: 19732: 19730: 19727: 19726: 19725: 19722: 19718: 19715: 19713: 19710: 19708: 19705: 19703: 19700: 19699: 19698: 19695: 19693: 19690: 19686: 19683: 19682: 19681: 19678: 19676: 19673: 19671: 19668: 19664: 19661: 19660: 19659: 19656: 19654: 19651: 19649: 19646: 19642: 19639: 19637: 19634: 19633: 19632: 19629: 19627: 19624: 19620: 19617: 19615: 19612: 19610: 19607: 19606: 19605: 19602: 19600: 19597: 19595: 19592: 19590: 19587: 19583: 19580: 19579: 19578: 19575: 19574: 19571: 19567: 19562: 19558: 19538: 19535: 19534: 19533: 19530: 19528: 19525: 19523: 19520: 19518: 19515: 19513: 19510: 19508: 19505: 19503: 19500: 19498: 19497:Discordianism 19495: 19493: 19492:Anthroposophy 19490: 19489: 19487: 19483: 19475: 19474: 19470: 19469: 19468: 19465: 19463: 19460: 19456: 19453: 19451: 19448: 19446: 19443: 19441: 19440:Mari religion 19438: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19428: 19426: 19423: 19422: 19421: 19418: 19416: 19413: 19411: 19408: 19406: 19403: 19401: 19398: 19396: 19393: 19391: 19388: 19386: 19383: 19381: 19378: 19374: 19371: 19370: 19369: 19366: 19362: 19359: 19357: 19354: 19353: 19352: 19349: 19345: 19342: 19340: 19337: 19336: 19335: 19332: 19330: 19327: 19323: 19320: 19319: 19317: 19316: 19314: 19312: 19306: 19300: 19297: 19295: 19292: 19290: 19287: 19283: 19280: 19278: 19277:Neo-Theosophy 19275: 19274: 19273: 19270: 19268: 19265: 19263: 19260: 19258: 19255: 19253: 19250: 19246: 19243: 19242: 19241: 19238: 19236: 19233: 19231: 19228: 19226: 19223: 19221: 19218: 19216: 19215:New Acropolis 19213: 19211: 19208: 19206: 19203: 19201: 19198: 19196: 19193: 19191: 19188: 19187: 19185: 19181: 19178: 19176: 19168: 19158: 19155: 19153: 19150: 19148: 19145: 19143: 19140: 19139: 19137: 19133: 19121: 19118: 19116: 19113: 19111: 19108: 19106: 19103: 19101: 19098: 19096: 19093: 19091: 19088: 19086: 19083: 19081: 19078: 19076: 19073: 19071: 19068: 19066: 19063: 19061: 19058: 19056: 19053: 19049: 19046: 19044: 19041: 19039: 19036: 19035: 19034: 19031: 19030: 19029: 19027: 19023: 19022: 19017: 19014: 19013: 19012: 19009: 19007: 19004: 19002: 18999: 18997: 18994: 18992: 18989: 18987: 18984: 18982: 18979: 18977: 18974: 18972: 18969: 18967: 18964: 18962: 18959: 18957: 18954: 18952: 18949: 18947: 18944: 18942: 18939: 18937: 18934: 18932: 18929: 18927: 18924: 18920: 18917: 18915: 18912: 18911: 18910: 18907: 18905: 18902: 18900: 18897: 18895: 18892: 18891: 18889: 18887: 18881: 18873: 18870: 18869: 18868: 18865: 18864: 18862: 18860:North African 18858: 18855: 18853: 18847: 18841: 18838: 18836: 18833: 18831: 18828: 18826: 18823: 18821: 18818: 18816: 18813: 18811: 18808: 18806: 18803: 18801: 18798: 18796: 18793: 18791: 18788: 18786: 18783: 18782: 18780: 18778: 18774: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18749: 18747: 18745: 18741: 18737: 18731: 18728: 18726: 18723: 18721: 18718: 18714: 18711: 18709: 18706: 18705: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18694: 18691: 18689: 18686: 18684: 18681: 18679: 18676: 18672: 18669: 18667: 18664: 18662: 18659: 18657: 18654: 18653: 18652: 18649: 18647: 18644: 18642: 18639: 18635: 18632: 18631: 18630: 18627: 18625: 18624:Kwakwakaʼwakw 18622: 18620: 18617: 18613: 18610: 18608: 18605: 18603: 18600: 18598: 18595: 18593: 18590: 18589: 18588: 18585: 18583: 18580: 18578: 18575: 18573: 18570: 18568: 18564: 18561: 18559: 18556: 18554: 18551: 18549: 18546: 18544: 18541: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18523: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18505: 18502: 18501: 18500: 18497: 18495: 18492: 18491: 18489: 18487: 18481: 18475: 18472: 18470: 18467: 18463: 18460: 18458: 18455: 18454: 18453: 18450: 18446: 18443: 18442: 18441: 18438: 18436: 18433: 18431: 18428: 18426: 18423: 18419: 18416: 18414: 18411: 18410: 18408: 18404: 18401: 18399: 18396: 18395: 18394: 18391: 18389: 18386: 18385: 18383: 18381: 18377: 18371: 18368: 18367: 18365: 18363: 18362:Austroasiatic 18359: 18351: 18348: 18346: 18343: 18342: 18341: 18338: 18334: 18333:Vattisen Yaly 18331: 18329: 18326: 18324: 18321: 18320: 18319: 18315: 18312: 18311: 18309: 18307: 18303: 18300: 18298: 18294: 18278: 18275: 18273: 18270: 18269: 18268: 18265: 18263: 18260: 18258: 18255: 18253: 18252:Kirat Mundhum 18250: 18248: 18245: 18241: 18238: 18236: 18233: 18232: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18217: 18215: 18211: 18205: 18204: 18200: 18198: 18195: 18191: 18188: 18187: 18186: 18183: 18179: 18176: 18174: 18171: 18169: 18165: 18161: 18158: 18157: 18156: 18153: 18151: 18148: 18147: 18145: 18143: 18139: 18133: 18132: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18106: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18094: 18091: 18089: 18086: 18084: 18081: 18079: 18076: 18074: 18071: 18069: 18066: 18064: 18061: 18059: 18056: 18055: 18054: 18051: 18047: 18044: 18042: 18039: 18037: 18034: 18032: 18029: 18027: 18024: 18022: 18019: 18017: 18014: 18012: 18009: 18007: 18004: 18003: 18002: 17999: 17998: 17996: 17994: 17990: 17987: 17985: 17981: 17971: 17968: 17966: 17963: 17961: 17958: 17956: 17953: 17951: 17948: 17947: 17945: 17943: 17939: 17933: 17930: 17928: 17925: 17923: 17920: 17919: 17917: 17915: 17911: 17905: 17902: 17900: 17897: 17895: 17892: 17888: 17887: 17883: 17882: 17881: 17878: 17877: 17875: 17873: 17869: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17852: 17851: 17848: 17844: 17841: 17839: 17836: 17835: 17834: 17831: 17829: 17826: 17824: 17821: 17819: 17816: 17814: 17811: 17810: 17808: 17806: 17802: 17799: 17797: 17793: 17790: 17788: 17784: 17770: 17767: 17765: 17762: 17760: 17757: 17756: 17754: 17750: 17744: 17741: 17739: 17736: 17734: 17731: 17729: 17726: 17725: 17723: 17721: 17717: 17711: 17708: 17706: 17703: 17701: 17698: 17697: 17695: 17693: 17689: 17686: 17684: 17680: 17670: 17667: 17665: 17662: 17660: 17657: 17655: 17652: 17650: 17647: 17645: 17642: 17640: 17637: 17636: 17634: 17630: 17624: 17623: 17619: 17617: 17614: 17612: 17611:Milah Abraham 17609: 17607: 17604: 17602: 17599: 17597: 17594: 17592: 17589: 17585: 17582: 17581: 17580: 17577: 17575: 17572: 17568: 17565: 17563: 17560: 17558: 17555: 17553: 17550: 17549: 17548: 17545: 17539: 17536: 17534: 17531: 17530: 17529: 17526: 17524: 17521: 17519: 17516: 17514: 17511: 17510: 17509: 17506: 17505: 17503: 17501: 17497: 17491: 17490: 17486: 17482: 17479: 17477: 17474: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17457: 17454: 17452: 17449: 17447: 17444: 17442: 17438: 17435: 17434: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17423: 17420: 17418: 17415: 17413: 17410: 17408: 17405: 17401: 17398: 17396: 17393: 17391: 17388: 17384: 17381: 17380: 17379: 17376: 17374: 17371: 17369: 17366: 17364: 17361: 17357: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17347: 17344: 17343: 17342: 17339: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17321: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17303: 17300: 17298: 17295: 17293: 17290: 17288: 17285: 17283: 17280: 17279: 17278: 17275: 17273: 17270: 17269: 17268: 17267:Protestantism 17265: 17261: 17258: 17256: 17252: 17249: 17248: 17247: 17244: 17240: 17237: 17235: 17232: 17231: 17230: 17227: 17225: 17222: 17218: 17215: 17214: 17213: 17210: 17206: 17203: 17201: 17198: 17197: 17196: 17193: 17192: 17190: 17188: 17184: 17178: 17177: 17173: 17171: 17168: 17166: 17163: 17161: 17158: 17156: 17153: 17151: 17148: 17146: 17143: 17141: 17138: 17132: 17129: 17128: 17127: 17124: 17120: 17117: 17116: 17115: 17112: 17111: 17110: 17107: 17106: 17104: 17102: 17098: 17095: 17093: 17089: 17086: 17084: 17080: 17076: 17072: 17067: 17063: 17059: 17052: 17047: 17045: 17040: 17038: 17033: 17032: 17029: 17017: 17016: 17012: 17010: 17009: 17005: 17003: 17002: 16998: 16996: 16995: 16991: 16989: 16988: 16984: 16983: 16981: 16979: 16975: 16969: 16968: 16964: 16962: 16961: 16957: 16955: 16954: 16950: 16949: 16947: 16944: 16940: 16935: 16929: 16928: 16924: 16922: 16921: 16917: 16915: 16914: 16910: 16908: 16907: 16903: 16901: 16900: 16899:Umdat al-Qari 16896: 16894: 16893: 16889: 16888: 16886: 16882: 16876: 16875: 16871: 16869: 16866: 16864: 16863: 16859: 16857: 16856: 16852: 16851: 16849: 16845: 16839: 16838: 16834: 16832: 16831: 16827: 16825: 16824: 16820: 16818: 16817: 16813: 16811: 16810: 16809:Kanz al-Ummal 16806: 16804: 16803: 16799: 16797: 16796: 16792: 16790: 16789: 16785: 16783: 16782: 16778: 16776: 16775: 16771: 16769: 16768: 16764: 16763: 16761: 16757: 16747: 16746: 16742: 16740: 16739: 16735: 16733: 16732: 16728: 16726: 16725: 16721: 16719: 16718: 16714: 16712: 16711: 16707: 16705: 16704: 16700: 16698: 16697: 16693: 16691: 16690: 16686: 16684: 16683: 16679: 16677: 16676: 16672: 16670: 16669: 16665: 16663: 16662: 16658: 16657: 16655: 16651: 16645: 16644: 16640: 16638: 16637: 16633: 16631: 16630: 16626: 16625: 16623: 16619: 16613: 16612: 16608: 16607: 16605: 16601: 16595: 16594: 16593:Shuab ul Iman 16590: 16588: 16587: 16583: 16581: 16580: 16576: 16575: 16573: 16569: 16563: 16562: 16558: 16556: 16555: 16551: 16549: 16548: 16544: 16542: 16541: 16537: 16536: 16534: 16530: 16524: 16523: 16519: 16517: 16516: 16512: 16510: 16509: 16505: 16503: 16502: 16498: 16496: 16495: 16491: 16490: 16488: 16484: 16478: 16477: 16473: 16471: 16470: 16466: 16464: 16463: 16459: 16457: 16456: 16452: 16450: 16449: 16445: 16443: 16442: 16438: 16437: 16435: 16433: 16429: 16426: 16422: 16417: 16414: 16407: 16402: 16400: 16395: 16393: 16388: 16387: 16384: 16372: 16364: 16362: 16352: 16351: 16348: 16334: 16331: 16329: 16326: 16324: 16321: 16319: 16316: 16314: 16311: 16309: 16306: 16304: 16301: 16299: 16296: 16292: 16289: 16288: 16287: 16284: 16280: 16277: 16275: 16274:Post-Islamism 16272: 16270: 16267: 16266: 16265: 16262: 16260: 16257: 16253: 16250: 16248: 16245: 16244: 16243: 16240: 16239: 16237: 16233: 16227: 16224: 16222: 16219: 16217: 16214: 16212: 16209: 16208: 16206: 16204: 16200: 16194: 16191: 16189: 16186: 16184: 16181: 16179: 16176: 16172: 16171:Protestantism 16169: 16167: 16164: 16163: 16162: 16159: 16158: 16156: 16154: 16150: 16146: 16136: 16132: 16118: 16115: 16113: 16112: 16108: 16106: 16103: 16099: 16096: 16095: 16094: 16091: 16089: 16086: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16065: 16063: 16059: 16053: 16050: 16048: 16045: 16043: 16040: 16038: 16035: 16034: 16032: 16030: 16026: 16020: 16017: 16015: 16014:Ophthalmology 16012: 16010: 16007: 16005: 16002: 16000: 15997: 15995: 15992: 15990: 15987: 15985: 15982: 15981: 15979: 15977: 15973: 15967: 15964: 15962: 15959: 15957: 15954: 15952: 15949: 15947: 15944: 15942: 15939: 15937: 15934: 15932: 15929: 15928: 15926: 15924: 15920: 15916: 15912: 15904: 15900: 15886: 15883: 15879: 15878: 15874: 15873: 15872: 15869: 15867: 15864: 15862: 15859: 15855: 15852: 15851: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15844: 15840: 15838: 15835: 15833: 15832: 15828: 15826: 15823: 15821: 15820: 15816: 15814: 15811: 15809: 15806: 15804: 15801: 15799: 15796: 15794: 15791: 15789: 15786: 15784: 15781: 15779: 15778: 15774: 15772: 15771: 15767: 15763: 15762:Death penalty 15760: 15758: 15755: 15753: 15750: 15749: 15748: 15745: 15743: 15740: 15738: 15737: 15733: 15732: 15730: 15728:Other aspects 15726: 15720: 15719: 15715: 15713: 15712: 15708: 15706: 15705: 15701: 15699: 15698: 15694: 15692: 15691: 15687: 15685: 15684: 15680: 15678: 15677: 15673: 15672: 15670: 15665: 15662: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15651: 15648: 15642: 15641: 15637: 15635: 15632: 15630: 15629: 15625: 15623: 15622: 15618: 15616: 15615: 15611: 15609: 15608: 15604: 15603: 15601: 15599: 15595: 15589: 15588: 15584: 15582: 15581: 15577: 15575: 15574: 15570: 15568: 15567: 15563: 15561: 15558: 15556: 15553: 15552: 15550: 15548: 15544: 15540: 15533: 15532:Jurisprudence 15530: 15528: 15525: 15524: 15520: 15516: 15506: 15503: 15501: 15498: 15496: 15493: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15480: 15476: 15474: 15471: 15469: 15466: 15464: 15461: 15459: 15456: 15454: 15451: 15449: 15446: 15444: 15441: 15439: 15436: 15434: 15431: 15429: 15426: 15424: 15421: 15419: 15416: 15414: 15411: 15409: 15406: 15405: 15403: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15389: 15386: 15380: 15377: 15375: 15372: 15368: 15365: 15364: 15363: 15360: 15358: 15355: 15353: 15350: 15346: 15343: 15339: 15336: 15335: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15315: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15297: 15293: 15289: 15285: 15282: 15281: 15280: 15277: 15276: 15274: 15272: 15271:Denominations 15268: 15262: 15261: 15257: 15255: 15252: 15250: 15247: 15245: 15242: 15240: 15237: 15236: 15234: 15232: 15228: 15220: 15217: 15215: 15212: 15210: 15207: 15205: 15202: 15200: 15197: 15195: 15192: 15190: 15187: 15185: 15184: 15180: 15179: 15178: 15175: 15173: 15170: 15168: 15167: 15163: 15161: 15160: 15156: 15154: 15151: 15149: 15146: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15130: 15128: 15123: 15120: 15118: 15115: 15114: 15111: 15105: 15104: 15100: 15098: 15097: 15093: 15091: 15090: 15086: 15084: 15083: 15079: 15077: 15076: 15072: 15071: 15069: 15067: 15063: 15057: 15056:Holiest sites 15054: 15052: 15051:Judgement Day 15049: 15047: 15046: 15042: 15040: 15037: 15035: 15032: 15030: 15027: 15023: 15020: 15019: 15018: 15015: 15013: 15012: 15008: 15004: 15001: 15000: 14999: 14996: 14995: 14993: 14991: 14987: 14983: 14979: 14978: 14972: 14967: 14960: 14955: 14953: 14948: 14946: 14941: 14940: 14937: 14917: 14914: 14912: 14909: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14897: 14894: 14891: 14887: 14886: 14883: 14873: 14870: 14868: 14865: 14863: 14860: 14858: 14855: 14853: 14850: 14848: 14845: 14844: 14842: 14840: 14839:Other beliefs 14836: 14830: 14827: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14814: 14813:Hilmi Tunahan 14811: 14809: 14805: 14802: 14801: 14800: 14797: 14796: 14794: 14792: 14788: 14780: 14776: 14774: 14771: 14769: 14766: 14764: 14763:Muhammad Asad 14761: 14759: 14756: 14755: 14754: 14751: 14750: 14748: 14746: 14742: 14734: 14730: 14726: 14723: 14722: 14721: 14718: 14714: 14710: 14707: 14706: 14705: 14702: 14698: 14694: 14690: 14687: 14686: 14685: 14682: 14678: 14674: 14673:Sabbatai Zevi 14671: 14670: 14669: 14666: 14663: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14645: 14644: 14641: 14640: 14638: 14636: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14619: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14598: 14597: 14594: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14581: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14566: 14564: 14562: 14558: 14549: 14548: 14546: 14541: 14540: 14538: 14531: 14530: 14528: 14525: 14523:Ali al-Aswarī 14522: 14521: 14519: 14516: 14509: 14508: 14506: 14505: 14503: 14498: 14497: 14496: 14493: 14487: 14484: 14481: 14480: 14479: 14476: 14473: 14472: 14470: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14459: 14455: 14449: 14445: 14441: 14438: 14436: 14432: 14429: 14427: 14423: 14420: 14418: 14414: 14410: 14407: 14406: 14404: 14402: 14398: 14395: 14392: 14385: 14381: 14369: 14366: 14365: 14363: 14361: 14358: 14356: 14353: 14350: 14345: 14344: 14343: 14340: 14335: 14334: 14332: 14330: 14327: 14323: 14320: 14319: 14318: 14315: 14310: 14309: 14307: 14302: 14301: 14300:Muʿāmmarīyya 14299: 14294: 14293: 14292: 14289: 14285: 14282: 14281: 14280: 14277: 14276: 14274: 14272: 14268: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14249: 14245: 14241: 14240: 14239: 14236: 14233: 14228: 14227: 14225: 14224: 14222: 14220: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14207: 14196: 14193: 14190: 14187: 14184: 14181: 14178: 14175: 14172: 14169: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14153: 14152: 14150: 14146: 14137: 14136: 14134: 14129: 14128: 14126: 14121: 14120: 14118: 14113: 14112: 14110: 14105: 14104: 14102: 14097: 14096: 14094: 14089: 14088: 14086: 14081: 14080: 14078: 14073: 14072: 14070: 14069: 14067: 14063: 14054: 14051: 14048: 14045: 14042: 14039: 14036: 14033: 14030: 14027: 14024: 14021: 14018: 14015: 14012: 14009: 14008: 14006: 14005: 14003: 14001: 13997: 13994: 13991: 13985: 13978: 13974: 13964: 13961: 13957: 13954: 13953: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13929: 13927: 13925: 13921: 13913: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13900: 13899: 13896: 13892: 13889: 13888: 13887: 13884: 13879: 13878: 13876: 13872: 13869: 13868: 13867: 13864: 13859: 13856: 13853: 13852: 13850: 13849: 13847: 13845: 13841: 13838: 13835: 13830: 13826: 13816: 13815:Waqifite Shia 13813: 13808: 13807: 13806: 13803: 13799: 13795: 13792: 13791: 13790: 13787: 13783: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13765: 13763: 13761: 13756: 13748: 13745: 13741: 13740:Ishaq al-Turk 13738: 13734: 13731: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13714: 13713: 13712: 13709: 13705: 13702: 13701: 13700: 13697: 13696: 13694: 13693: 13692: 13689: 13682: 13681: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13667: 13664: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13657: 13655: 13654: 13653: 13649: 13646: 13642: 13639: 13638: 13637: 13634: 13633: 13631: 13629: 13623: 13615: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13602: 13598: 13595: 13593: 13589: 13586: 13585: 13584: 13581: 13577: 13574: 13570: 13567: 13563: 13560: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13542: 13541: 13538: 13537: 13536: 13533: 13532: 13531: 13528: 13524: 13520: 13516: 13512: 13509: 13507: 13503: 13499: 13498:Hamdan Qarmat 13496: 13495: 13494: 13491: 13487: 13484: 13483: 13482: 13479: 13478: 13476: 13474: 13470: 13466: 13458: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13445: 13442: 13441: 13440: 13437: 13433: 13429: 13425: 13421: 13418: 13416: 13412: 13408: 13405: 13404: 13403: 13400: 13396: 13395:Safavid Islam 13392: 13388: 13384: 13380: 13379:Sheikh Haydar 13377: 13376: 13375: 13372: 13368: 13365: 13361: 13358: 13356: 13353: 13352: 13351: 13348: 13347: 13346: 13343: 13342: 13340: 13338: 13334: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13321: 13317: 13313: 13309: 13305: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13284: 13283: 13280: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13264: 13261: 13260: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13240: 13239: 13236: 13235: 13233: 13231: 13227: 13224: 13222: 13218: 13204: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13191: 13187: 13184: 13182: 13178: 13174: 13171: 13170: 13169: 13166: 13165: 13164: 13161: 13155: 13151: 13148: 13147: 13146: 13143: 13141: 13138: 13137: 13136: 13133: 13132: 13130: 13127: 13122: 13118: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13098: 13095: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13081: 13078: 13077: 13076: 13073: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13050: 13049: 13046: 13042: 13038: 13035: 13034: 13033: 13030: 13029: 13028: 13025: 13023: 13020: 13019: 13018: 13015: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13001: 12998: 12997: 12996: 12993: 12989: 12986: 12985: 12983: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12972: 12971:Ahl al-Hadith 12968: 12965: 12963: 12959: 12955: 12951: 12946: 12942: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12919: 12916: 12906: 12905: 12901: 12897: 12895: 12894: 12890: 12886: 12884: 12883: 12879: 12875: 12873: 12872: 12868: 12867: 12865: 12861: 12855: 12854: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12842: 12838: 12836: 12835: 12831: 12829: 12828: 12824: 12822: 12821: 12817: 12816: 12814: 12812: 12808: 12802: 12801: 12797: 12795: 12794: 12790: 12788: 12787: 12783: 12781: 12780: 12776: 12774: 12773: 12769: 12767: 12766: 12762: 12760: 12759: 12755: 12753: 12752: 12748: 12746: 12745: 12741: 12739: 12738: 12734: 12732: 12731: 12727: 12725: 12724: 12720: 12718: 12717: 12713: 12712: 12710: 12708: 12704: 12701: 12697: 12687: 12684: 12682: 12679: 12677: 12674: 12672: 12669: 12667: 12664: 12663: 12661: 12659: 12658:Zaydi Shi'ism 12655: 12649: 12646: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12627: 12624: 12623: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12607: 12604: 12602: 12599: 12597: 12594: 12593: 12591: 12589: 12585: 12577: 12574: 12573: 12572: 12569: 12567: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12557: 12554: 12552: 12549: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12489:Musa al-Kazim 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12474:Ali al-Sajjad 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12464:Hasan ibn Ali 12462: 12460: 12457: 12456: 12455: 12452: 12451: 12449: 12447: 12443: 12435:Post-Salafism 12434: 12433: 12432: 12429: 12425: 12422: 12421: 12420: 12417: 12413: 12410: 12409: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12396: 12393: 12392: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12374: 12371: 12370: 12369: 12366: 12362: 12359: 12358: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12319: 12315: 12312: 12311: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12302: 12300: 12299:Ibn Taymiyyah 12297: 12296: 12294: 12292: 12288: 12280:Mustadrakīyya 12279: 12276: 12273: 12270: 12269: 12267: 12266: 12264: 12262: 12258: 12251: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12238:Amr ibn Ubayd 12236: 12234: 12231: 12227: 12224: 12223: 12222: 12219: 12216: 12213: 12210: 12207: 12204: 12201: 12198: 12195: 12192: 12189: 12186: 12183: 12180: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12169: 12165: 12158: 12154: 12150: 12146: 12142: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12133: 12126: 12122: 12119: 12115: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12103: 12101: 12097: 12093: 12090: 12086: 12083: 12082: 12080: 12078: 12074: 12063: 12062: 12061: 12058: 12057: 12056: 12053: 12049: 12046: 12045: 12044: 12041: 12040: 12038: 12036: 12032: 12026: 12023: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12011: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11983: 11981: 11978: 11976: 11973: 11971: 11968: 11966: 11963: 11961: 11958: 11956: 11953: 11951: 11948: 11946: 11943: 11941: 11938: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11928: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11873: 11871: 11868: 11867: 11865: 11862: 11857: 11853: 11846: 11842: 11839: 11836: 11832: 11829: 11826: 11822: 11819: 11818: 11816: 11814: 11811: 11807: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11711: 11708: 11706: 11703: 11701: 11698: 11696: 11693: 11691: 11688: 11686: 11683: 11681: 11678: 11676: 11673: 11671: 11668: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11646: 11643: 11641: 11638: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11572: 11570: 11567: 11562: 11558: 11555: 11553: 11549: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11525: 11523: 11521: 11517: 11511: 11508: 11506: 11503: 11501: 11498: 11497: 11495: 11493: 11489: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11464: 11462: 11460: 11456: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11436: 11434: 11432: 11428: 11425: 11421: 11417: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11401: 11400: 11396: 11392: 11388: 11381: 11376: 11374: 11369: 11367: 11362: 11361: 11358: 11351: 11347: 11344: 11343: 11333: 11332: 11326: 11321: 11318: 11314: 11310: 11307: 11303: 11299: 11287: 11283: 11282: 11276: 11273: 11269: 11266: 11262: 11258: 11256: 11252: 11248: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11234: 11230: 11226: 11223: 11219: 11216: 11212: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11198: 11194: 11191: 11187: 11185: 11181: 11177: 11174: 11170: 11166: 11163: 11159: 11158: 11146: 11126: 11124: 11123:Ahl as-Sunnah 11102: 11100: 11095:It is called 11092: 11088: 11074: 11069: 11062: 11061: 11053: 11046: 11041: 11033: 11027: 11020: 11016: 11013: 11012: 11006: 11000: 10996: 10990: 10983: 10977: 10971: 10967: 10961: 10954: 10950: 10944: 10935: 10926: 10919: 10913: 10906: 10900: 10894: 10890: 10884: 10877: 10875: 10871: 10868:Ibn Taimīya: 10865: 10858: 10852: 10845: 10841: 10835: 10826: 10819: 10813: 10806: 10800: 10793: 10787: 10785: 10775: 10769: 10765: 10761: 10755: 10749: 10745: 10741: 10735: 10728: 10724: 10718: 10716: 10696: 10689: 10683: 10676: 10672: 10667: 10660: 10656: 10651: 10644: 10640: 10635: 10628: 10622: 10615: 10609: 10602: 10596: 10589: 10583: 10581: 10573: 10567: 10560: 10557:Ibn Taimīya: 10554: 10547: 10541: 10534: 10528: 10526: 10518: 10512: 10505: 10499: 10492: 10486: 10479: 10476:Ibn Taimīya: 10473: 10466: 10460: 10453: 10447: 10440: 10434: 10427: 10421: 10414: 10408: 10401: 10395: 10388: 10382: 10380: 10372: 10371: 10364: 10357: 10354:Ibn Taimīya: 10351: 10344: 10341:Ibn Taimīya: 10338: 10331: 10325: 10318: 10312: 10305: 10304: 10300:Ibn Taimīya: 10297: 10295: 10287: 10281: 10274: 10268: 10266: 10258: 10252: 10245: 10239: 10232: 10226: 10219: 10216:Ibn Taimīya: 10213: 10206: 10200: 10193: 10187: 10180: 10174: 10167: 10161: 10154: 10148: 10142:. 1843, p. 25 10141: 10135: 10128: 10125:Ibn Taimīya: 10122: 10115: 10109: 10102: 10099:Ibn Taimīya: 10096: 10089: 10083: 10076: 10070: 10068: 10060: 10054: 10052: 10050: 10048: 10046: 10044: 10036: 10030: 10023: 10017: 10010: 10004: 9997: 9994:Ibn Taimīya: 9991: 9984: 9983: 9976: 9969: 9963: 9961: 9959: 9957: 9955: 9953: 9945: 9939: 9937: 9935: 9927: 9926: 9919: 9912: 9906: 9904: 9902: 9900: 9892: 9886: 9879: 9873: 9871: 9863: 9859: 9854: 9847: 9843: 9838: 9831: 9825: 9823: 9816:. 1843, p. 7. 9815: 9809: 9802: 9801: 9794: 9792: 9790: 9788: 9780: 9774: 9767: 9761: 9754: 9748: 9741: 9735: 9728: 9722: 9715: 9709: 9702: 9696: 9689: 9683: 9676: 9670: 9668: 9666: 9664: 9662: 9645: 9641: 9635: 9628: 9622: 9615: 9609: 9602: 9596: 9590: 9584: 9578: 9574: 9568: 9561: 9555: 9553: 9551: 9549: 9547: 9545: 9537: 9533: 9529: 9525: 9519: 9513: 9509: 9505: 9501: 9497: 9491: 9484: 9478: 9470: 9464: 9456: 9452: 9448: 9442: 9438: 9437: 9429: 9421: 9417: 9414: 9408: 9401: 9395: 9387: 9386: 9378: 9372:(Sanyal 1996) 9369: 9361: 9355: 9347: 9341: 9337: 9336: 9328: 9320: 9316: 9310: 9294: 9290: 9286: 9285:"Sufi Orders" 9280: 9272: 9268: 9261: 9245: 9241: 9235: 9232:. Routledge. 9231: 9230: 9222: 9214: 9208: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9188: 9186: 9169: 9165: 9159: 9153: 9149: 9145: 9141: 9137: 9133: 9128: 9112: 9108: 9104: 9098: 9092: 9088: 9084: 9080: 9076: 9075:Camilla Adang 9072: 9068: 9063: 9056: 9050: 9042: 9038: 9031: 9024: 9018: 9010: 9004: 9000: 8996: 8992: 8988: 8982: 8974: 8968: 8964: 8960: 8956: 8949: 8943: 8939: 8935: 8929: 8927: 8920:, 2010, p. 48 8919: 8913: 8906: 8900: 8893: 8887: 8885: 8877: 8871: 8869: 8867: 8860: 8856: 8850: 8844: 8840: 8834: 8828: 8824: 8818: 8811: 8805: 8799: 8795: 8792:Ibn Taimīya: 8789: 8783: 8779: 8773: 8764: 8758: 8754: 8748: 8742: 8738: 8735:Ibn Taimīya: 8732: 8724: 8720: 8716: 8710: 8703: 8697: 8695: 8687: 8681: 8674: 8670: 8667: 8666: 8660: 8658: 8656: 8640: 8634: 8630: 8625: 8617: 8610: 8605: 8598: 8590: 8584: 8580: 8575: 8574: 8565: 8557: 8553: 8547: 8539: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8519: 8511: 8505: 8501: 8497: 8491: 8489: 8480: 8474: 8470: 8465: 8464: 8455: 8447: 8441: 8437: 8432: 8431: 8422: 8414: 8408: 8404: 8400: 8396: 8391: 8383: 8375: 8369: 8365: 8364: 8356: 8348: 8342: 8338: 8334: 8333: 8325: 8309: 8305: 8301: 8295: 8288: 8284: 8280: 8274: 8267: 8263: 8259: 8253: 8246: 8242: 8238: 8232: 8216: 8212: 8205: 8198: 8194: 8188: 8186: 8179: 8175: 8169: 8167: 8160: 8156: 8153:aṣ-Ṣaffārīnī 8152: 8147: 8138: 8135: 8132: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8107: 8104: 8092: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8077: 8065: 8061: 8060: 8055: 8051: 8048: 8045: 8042: 8039: 8036: 8033: 8030: 8018: 8014: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7999: 7996: 7995: 7991: 7975: 7971: 7967: 7961: 7945: 7941: 7937: 7930: 7923: 7919: 7915: 7909: 7903: 7897: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7880: 7873: 7864: 7857: 7853: 7849: 7843: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7822: 7820: 7818: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7786: 7778: 7774: 7768: 7760: 7753: 7745: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7719: 7712: 7704: 7698: 7694: 7693: 7685: 7677: 7671: 7667: 7660: 7652: 7646: 7642: 7635: 7627: 7621: 7617: 7610: 7602: 7596: 7592: 7591: 7583: 7576: 7570: 7562: 7556: 7552: 7545: 7537: 7531: 7527: 7520: 7512: 7508: 7507: 7499: 7491: 7487: 7480: 7472: 7466: 7462: 7461: 7453: 7445: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7430: 7422: 7414: 7410: 7409: 7401: 7393: 7387: 7383: 7382: 7374: 7358: 7354: 7347: 7340: 7336: 7330: 7326: 7325: 7317: 7310: 7305: 7299: 7295: 7294: 7286: 7279: 7273: 7267: 7263: 7257: 7255: 7247: 7244:Ibn Taimīya: 7241: 7234: 7230: 7224: 7217: 7213: 7207: 7200: 7196: 7190: 7183: 7179: 7173: 7166: 7162: 7156: 7150:2003, S. 254. 7149: 7143: 7134: 7125: 7118: 7112: 7106: 7102: 7096: 7090:2003, S. 250. 7089: 7083: 7081: 7073: 7067: 7065: 7057: 7051: 7044: 7041:und van Ess: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7031:Yāqūt ar-Rūmī 7026: 7019: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7002: 6995: 6989: 6987: 6979: 6973: 6966: 6960: 6953: 6949: 6943: 6936: 6930: 6921: 6914: 6908: 6906: 6898: 6892: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6868: 6862: 6855: 6849: 6843: 6842: 6836: 6829: 6825: 6819: 6813: 6809: 6803: 6797: 6793: 6790:Ibn Taimīya: 6787: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6768: 6761: 6757: 6751: 6744: 6738: 6731: 6725: 6718: 6712: 6705: 6700: 6694: 6690: 6683: 6675: 6669: 6665: 6664: 6659: 6653: 6645: 6639: 6635: 6634: 6626: 6618: 6611: 6609: 6593: 6589: 6585: 6584: 6579: 6572: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6555:"Sunni Islam" 6549: 6541: 6535: 6531: 6524: 6516: 6510: 6506: 6499: 6491: 6485: 6481: 6474: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6454: 6450: 6444: 6428: 6424: 6418: 6414: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6354: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6322: 6318: 6314: 6313: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6235: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6204: 6202: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6172: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6144: 6143: 6134: 6130: 6121: 6119: 6115: 6110: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6065: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6043: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6025: 6014: 6009: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5984: 5982: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5911:A well-known 5899: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5876: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5860: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5835: 5824: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5814:Ibn Khuzaymah 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5770: 5767: 5766: 5765: 5760: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5684: 5679: 5676: 5672: 5671: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5648: 5642: 5640: 5635: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5603: 5601: 5597: 5592: 5590: 5585: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5556: 5554: 5549: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5526:al-muwaḥḥidūn 5523: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5497: 5495: 5491: 5485: 5481: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5434:mustard seeds 5431: 5426: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5411:Gog and Magog 5408: 5404: 5400: 5399:ašrāṭ as-sāʿa 5390: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5375: 5360: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5349:inimitability 5346: 5341: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5316:) and light ( 5315: 5312:), guidance ( 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5242: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5225:as a friend ( 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5197: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5156:repeated it, 5155: 5152:heard it and 5151: 5150:angel Gabriel 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5113: 5108: 5099: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5071: 5067: 5066:angel Michael 5063: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4973: 4968: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4934: 4932: 4928: 4920:Transcendence 4917: 4915: 4911: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4886: 4881: 4877: 4866: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4845: 4841: 4839: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4829:Angels of God 4826: 4824: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4804: 4800: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4778:The creed of 4777: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4696: 4692: 4685: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4655: 4653: 4652:Ismail Dehlvi 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4611: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4576: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4565:Sunni Islamic 4562: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4535: 4530: 4528: 4524: 4523:Amman Message 4520: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4476: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4449: 4448:Ahl al-Hadith 4444: 4443: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4394: 4385: 4383: 4376:Jurisprudence 4373: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4341:Naqshbandiyya 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4154:ahl al-ḥadīṯh 4150: 4146: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4138: 4133: 4131: 4130: 4125: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4065: 4055: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4014: 4011: 4010:Saudi scholar 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3990: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3955:Ibn Taymiyyah 3952: 3941: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3930: 3926:but in other 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3905: 3901: 3900: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3862: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3842: 3837: 3836: 3825: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3810: 3806: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3770: 3769:ahl al-hadith 3764: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3748: 3747: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3729: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3712: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3700: 3695: 3694: 3689: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3617: 3605: 3600: 3598: 3593: 3591: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3582: 3577: 3569: 3567: 3557: 3556: 3555: 3554: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3524:Ahl al-Hadith 3522: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3475: 3474: 3467: 3466:Firangi Mahal 3464: 3461: 3458: 3455: 3454:Jamiatur Raza 3452: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3442:Jamia Nizamia 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3421: 3413: 3412: 3405: 3404: 3400: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3375: 3374: 3370: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3327: 3324: 3320: 3317: 3313: 3310: 3306: 3303: 3299: 3296: 3292: 3289: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3254: 3251: 3247: 3244: 3240: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3226: 3223: 3219: 3216: 3212: 3209: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3195: 3191: 3188: 3184: 3183:Mustafa Sabri 3181: 3177: 3174: 3171:(d.1369/1949) 3170: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3093: 3092:Naqi Ali Khan 3090: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3076: 3073: 3069: 3066: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3048: 3045: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3030: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3014: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2986: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2968: 2964: 2961: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2948:(d. 982/1574) 2947: 2944: 2941:(d. 940/1534) 2940: 2937: 2936: 2930: 2929:Ali al-Qushji 2926: 2923:(d. 863/1459) 2922: 2919: 2916:(d. 861/1455) 2915: 2912: 2908: 2905: 2902:(d. 841/1437) 2901: 2898: 2897: 2892:(d. 786/1384) 2891: 2888: 2885:(d. 747/1346) 2884: 2881: 2878:(d. 710/1310) 2877: 2874: 2873: 2867: 2864: 2863: 2858:(d. 593/1197) 2857: 2854: 2851:(d. 580/1184) 2850: 2847: 2844:(d. 569/1173) 2843: 2840: 2837:(d. 537/1142) 2836: 2833: 2830:(d. 534/1139) 2829: 2826: 2823:(d. 522/1128) 2822: 2819: 2816:(d. 508/1114) 2815: 2812: 2811: 2806:(d. 493/1100) 2805: 2802: 2801: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2785: 2784: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2734:Mausoleum of 2731: 2727: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2710: 2702: 2700: 2695: 2691: 2690:nature of God 2686: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2643: 2633: 2631: 2630: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2563: 2561: 2560: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2538: 2537: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2487: 2478: 2468: 2459: 2456: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2356:war on terror 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2340:Mohammed Omar 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2157: 2156:Hasan ibn Ali 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2040: 2037: 2033: 2026:in the world. 2025: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1996:inclusivistic 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1956:zaiġ wa-ʿaḏāb 1953: 1949: 1948:ḥaqq wa-ṣawāb 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1913:aṣḥāb al-hudā 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1895:According to 1893: 1891: 1890:Ahl al-Ḥadīth 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1839:sunnī jamāʿah 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1775: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1716:Josef van Ess 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1615:Ibn Taymiyyah 1612: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1596: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1582:ʿAbd al-Malik 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1562: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1522:unnat an-Nabī 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1491: 1489: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1460: 1457: 1452: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1425: 1424: 1417: 1416: 1409: 1408: 1401: 1400: 1387: 1376: 1365: 1354: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1341: 1335: 1331: 1326: 1325: 1319: 1315: 1314:legal schools 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1298:consideration 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1247:Saqifah event 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1196: 1172: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1149: 1147: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1138: 1133: 1123: 1122: 1121: 1120: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1012: 1011: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 987: 984: 983: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 971:Proselytizing 969: 967: 964: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 890: 887: 885: 882: 881: 880: 879:Denominations 877: 873: 870: 869: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 829: 826: 822: 817: 816: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 785: 782: 781: 777: 775: 774: 770: 768: 767: 763: 762: 759: 756: 754: 751: 750: 747: 742: 741: 734: 732: 728: 726: 724: 720: 719: 715: 712: 710: 708: 704: 702: 700: 696: 694: 692: 688: 687: 683: 682: 677: 676: 671: 670: 666: 664: 663: 659: 658: 652: 649: 647: 644: 643: 639: 638: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 617: 614: 611: 609: 606: 605: 602: 597: 596: 589: 586: 585: 582: 579: 577: 574: 573: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 558: 554: 551: 550: 547: 542: 541: 537: 533: 532: 529: 526: 525: 521: 517: 516: 506: 501: 499: 494: 492: 487: 486: 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20256:Supernatural 20251:Spirituality 20219:Sacred space 20207:Purification 20080:Denomination 20034: / 19842:Paleo-Balkan 19808:Mesopotamian 19648:Cook Islands 19619:Old Prussian 19532:UFO religion 19471: 19467:Zalmoxianism 19395:Neoshamanism 19252:Spiritualism 19135:Other ethnic 19024: 18850:Traditional 18810:Bongthingism 18708:Acoma Pueblo 18651:Mesoamerican 18380:Austronesian 18201: 18197:Neo-Buddhism 18129: 18125:Neo-Hinduism 18046:Swaminarayan 17884: 17833:Salvationist 17818:Confucianism 17669:Samaritanism 17639:Ali-Illahism 17620: 17507: 17487: 17481:Unitarianism 17422:Old Catholic 17229:Nestorianism 17187:Christianity 17174: 17140:Conservative 17013: 17006: 16999: 16992: 16985: 16965: 16958: 16951: 16925: 16918: 16911: 16904: 16897: 16892:Fath al-Bari 16890: 16884:Commentaries 16872: 16860: 16853: 16835: 16828: 16821: 16814: 16807: 16800: 16793: 16786: 16779: 16772: 16765: 16743: 16736: 16729: 16722: 16715: 16708: 16701: 16694: 16687: 16680: 16673: 16666: 16659: 16641: 16634: 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Retrieved 6426: 6417: 6332: 6328: 6320: 6310: 6301:groups like 6294: 6242: 6238: 6236: 6231: 6227: 6219: 6205: 6200: 6196:Ibn Taimiyya 6191: 6180:Saudi Arabia 6173: 6164: 6160: 6157:Ahl as-salaf 6156: 6146: 6140: 6138: 6108: 6106: 6096: 6088: 6084: 6075: 6072:ʿAlī al-Qārī 6069: 6041: 6027: 6013:Ibn Taymiyya 6010: 5990: 5972: 5968: 5960: 5932: 5910: 5895: 5883: 5878:The Turkish 5877: 5864: 5854: 5846: 5840: 5763: 5719:Sahih Muslim 5700: 5688: 5687: 5682: 5668: 5666: 5657:Hagia Sophia 5646: 5638: 5636: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5609: 5595: 5593: 5588: 5586: 5581: 5577: 5569: 5567: 5552: 5550: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5534: 5529: 5525: 5509: 5503: 5486: 5482: 5478:philosophers 5465: 5462:ruʾyat Allāh 5461: 5459: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5427: 5422: 5420: 5398: 5396: 5383:supplication 5378: 5371: 5368:In the grave 5356: 5344: 5342: 5337: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5289: 5285: 5277: 5271: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5243: 5226: 5218: 5208: 5185: 5170: 5145: 5137: 5123: 5120: 5102:Books of God 5081: 5053: 5047:appeared to 5034: 5029:Siyer-i-Nebi 4991:figuratively 4976: 4970: 4966: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4946: 4942: 4940: 4930: 4926: 4923: 4913: 4909: 4906: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4883: 4879: 4873: 4865:God in Islam 4849: 4810: 4808: 4803:Henri Laoust 4798: 4791: 4783: 4768: 4757:Ibn al-Jawzī 4753:al-Muntaẓam 4752: 4748: 4741: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718:al-Sarachhi. 4714: 4710: 4698: 4688: 4683: 4671:Ilm al-Kalam 4656: 4647: 4612: 4604:South Africa 4577: 4540: 4538: 4477: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4427: 4417: 4415: 4379: 4298: 4296: 4291: 4279: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4243: 4238: 4229: 4223: 4219: 4211: 4202: 4198: 4181: 4177:(consensus). 4172: 4166: 4162: 4152: 4140: 4134: 4127: 4121: 4117: 4089: 4085: 4067: 4044: 4041:Ahl as-Sunna 4040: 4036: 4029:Muʿtazilites 4026: 4016: 3991: 3987:ahl al-ḥadīṯ 3986: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3948: 3937: 3933: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3912:Ahlus-Sunnah 3911: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3893: 3863: 3849: 3839: 3833: 3831: 3802: 3778:Mu'tazilites 3767: 3765: 3754: 3750: 3744: 3740: 3732: 3726: 3724: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3642:Seljuk Turks 3626:Central Asia 3619: 3417:Institutions 3401: 3394: 3386: 3379: 3371: 3364: 3356: 3349: 2931:(d.879/1474) 2909:(d.855/1451) 2796:(d. 373/983) 2789:(d. 333/944) 2760: 2687: 2678: 2674: 2664: 2645: 2627: 2620:ahl al-ḥadīṯ 2619: 2611: 2607: 2569: 2557: 2555: 2540: 2534: 2532: 2500: 2476: 2454: 2445: 2441: 2438:Isrā'iliyyāt 2437: 2430:Isrā'iliyyāt 2429: 2426:Isrā'iliyyāt 2425: 2415: 2405: 2398: 2394: 2360: 2289: 2274:Saudi Arabia 2256:and secular 2239: 2236:, Indonesia. 2191: 2135: 2129: 2087:, including 2081: 2067: 2041: 2029: 1991: 1983: 1975: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1927: 1923: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1904: 1900: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1867: 1862: 1854: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1826: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1800: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1779:ahl as-sunna 1778: 1776: 1768:ahl as-sunna 1767: 1758: 1738: 1735:ahl as-sunna 1734: 1733:Singular to 1732: 1723: 1720:ahl as-sunna 1719: 1711: 1700:ahl as-sunna 1699: 1697: 1693:ahl as-sunna 1692: 1672: 1662: 1650: 1647:ahl as-sunna 1646: 1644: 1641:Ahl as-Sunna 1626: 1610: 1607:ahl as-sunna 1606: 1602: 1600: 1593: 1585: 1577: 1559: 1555: 1543: 1537: 1521: 1509: 1493: 1485: 1447: 1308:, using the 1267: 1231:Shia Muslims 1220: 1200: 1170: 1169: 1088:Islamophobia 883: 867:Demographics 862:Circumcision 778: 771: 764: 730: 722: 706: 698: 690: 679: 673: 667: 660: 442: 373:Ahl-i Hadith 313:In terms of 310: 264: 257: 250: 243: 236: 227: 121:Five Pillars 46: 29: 22012:Sunni Islam 21847:New Zealand 21784:Saint Lucia 21734:El Salvador 21639:Switzerland 21574:Netherlands 21346:Philippines 21274:South Korea 21269:North Korea 21159:Afghanistan 21106:South Sudan 20996:Ivory Coast 20780:Deification 20727:Objectivism 20702:Agnosticism 20660:Persecution 20650:Video games 20615:Populations 20526:Proselytism 20494:Monasticism 20485:Clericalism 20475:Agriculture 20466:and society 20431:Soteriology 20391:Comparative 20361:Transtheism 20346:Panentheism 20130:Monasticism 19923:Gallo-Roman 19825:Micronesian 19791:Manichaeism 19739:Hermeticism 19707:Continental 19702:Anglo-Saxon 19582:Paleolithic 19577:Prehistoric 19527:Scientology 19390:Italo-Roman 19245:Radha Soami 19225:New Thought 19065:Espiritismo 19006:Waaqeffanna 18946:Fon and Ewe 18884:Sub-Saharan 18767:Satsana Phi 18563:Ghost Dance 18521:Californian 18499:Anishinaabe 18430:Karo Pemena 18409:Indonesian 18083:Lingayatism 18031:Mahanubhava 18001:Vaishnavism 17932:Jeungsanism 17855:Folk Taoism 17838:Xiantiandao 17692:Zoroastrian 17351:Charismatic 17346:Pentecostal 17309:Anglicanism 17260:Waldensians 17195:Catholicism 16939:Terminology 16532:Other Sunan 16486:Other Sahih 16061:Other areas 16052:Theological 16047:Eschatology 16004:Mathematics 15941:Calligraphy 15871:Theological 15825:Inheritance 15742:Cleanliness 15172:Shi'a Imams 15166:Ahl al-Bayt 14773:Rashid Rida 14621:Independent 14606:Edip Yüksel 14569:Ahle Qur'an 14520:Nazzāmīyya 14517:Ikhshīdiyya 14504:Huzaylīyya 14495:Bahshamiyya 14471:Mā’marīyya 14463:Rationalism 14413:Malamatiyya 14333:Mānsūrīyya 14279:Khaṭṭābiyya 14210:Mu'shabbiha 14170:Sābit Kutna 14103:Sawbānīyya 14087:Gassānīyya 14071:Gaylānīyya 14065:Other sects 13860:Sa'labīyyah 13857:Maymunīyyah 13834:Arbitration 13716:Khurramites 13680:Sam‘ānīyya 13453:Bābā Rexheb 13383:Shah Ismail 13203:Millî Görüş 13121:Ahl ar-Ra'y 13063:Al-Uthaymin 12984:Kullabiyya 12962:Sunni Islam 12863:Independent 12707:Sunni books 12531:Shaykh Tusi 12504:Ali al-Hadi 12494:Ali al-Rida 12431:Yasir Qadhi 12336:Al-Uthaymin 12326:Rashid Rida 12321:Al-Shawkani 12217:(Jāhizīyya) 12202:(Jubbāīyya) 12106:Jawālikīyya 11960:Ali al-Qari 11875:Al-Sarakhsi 11861:Al-Maturidi 11735:Al-Sha'rani 11715:Ibn Khaldun 11590:Al-Qushayri 11552:Theologians 11533:Metaphysics 11439:Eschatology 11406:Theologians 10999:Digitalized 10970:digitalized 10893:Digitalized 10874:Digitalized 10768:Digitalized 10748:Digitalisat 10677:, pp. 46–57 10612:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10599:al-Ašʿarī: 10544:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10531:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10515:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10502:al-Ġazālī: 10489:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10463:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10450:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10437:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10424:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10411:al-Ašʿarī: 10398:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10385:al-Ġazālī: 10328:an-Nasafī: 10315:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10284:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10271:al-Ašʿarī: 10255:an-Nasafī: 10229:al-Ġazālī: 10203:an-Nasafī: 10190:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10164:an-Nasafī: 10151:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10138:an-Nasafī: 10112:an-Nasafī: 10086:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10073:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10057:al-Ġazālī: 10033:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10020:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10007:an-Nasafī: 9979:al-Ašʿarī: 9966:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9942:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9922:al-Ġazālī: 9909:al-Ašʿarī: 9889:al-Ašʿarī: 9876:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9812:an-Nasafī: 9797:al-Ġazālī: 9777:al-Ašʿarī: 9764:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9751:al-Ašʿarī: 9738:al-Ġazālī: 9725:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9712:al-Ġazālī: 9699:al-Ġazālī: 9686:al-Ġazālī: 9673:al-Ašʿarī: 9650:19 December 9589:Digitalisat 9577:Digitalisat 9571:al-Ġazālī: 9528:Digitalisat 9512:Digitalisat 9500:Digitalisat 9494:al-Ašʿarī: 9332:"Barelvi". 9071:The Zahiris 8987:Hussin, Iza 8859:Digitalisat 8843:Digitalisat 8827:Digitalisat 8798:Digitalized 8757:Digitalized 8741:Digitalized 8178:Digitalisat 8159:Digitalisat 8005:"Religions" 7891:pp. 106–107 7798:. Cologne. 7796:Independent 7490:The Murtaza 7266:Digitalisat 7227:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 7165:Digitalisat 7105:Digitalisat 7039:Digitalisat 7014:Digitalisat 6952:Digitalisat 6884:Digitalisat 6796:Digitalisat 6780:Digitalisat 6760:Digitalisat 6184:Maturidites 6042:waʿid Allah 6020: 1328 5969:uṣūl ad-dīn 5851:disciplines 5750:Al-Tirmidhi 5612:qaḍāʾ Allāh 5363:Eschatology 5190:Ibn Taymīya 5031:-work, 1595 4682:Pillars of 4592:Afghanistan 4561:Naqshbandis 4557:Suhrawardis 4545:Sufi orders 4480:Middle Ages 4478:During the 4453:Ibn Khaldun 4442:Ahl al-Ra'y 4424:Islamic law 4349:Orientalist 4339:), and the 4230:Similarly, 3940:whatsoever" 3884:theologian 3846:al-Ghazalis 3841:Māturīdites 3786:al-Maturidi 3761:Bi-la kaifa 3620:Founded by 3176:Al-Kawthari 3047:Ibn 'Abidin 2766:Ahl al-Ra'y 2761:Sunni Islam 2756:Hanafi Fiqh 2699:omnipotence 2646:Founded by 2596: [ 2585:Maturidites 2455:tafsir'ilmi 2446:Tafsir'ilmi 2442:tafsir'ilmi 2367:Mesopotamia 2336:Afghanistan 2262:partitioned 2242:World War I 2178:Banu Umayya 2101:Banu Umayya 2085:Banu Umayya 1772:Mutazilites 1739:ṣāḥib sunna 1724:ahl al-ʿadl 1669:Innovations 1619:pan-Islamic 1554:doctrines ( 1439:Terminology 1336:schools of 1239:theological 1171:Sunni Islam 1103:Laws of war 766:Ahl al-Bayt 651:Foundations 459:Persecution 295:Ahl al-Ra'y 47:Sunni Islam 21837:Micronesia 21714:Costa Rica 21609:San Marino 21569:Montenegro 21549:Luxembourg 21406:Uzbekistan 21381:Tajikistan 21286:Kyrgyzstan 21259:Kazakhstan 21209:East Timor 21179:Bangladesh 21169:Azerbaijan 21086:Seychelles 21051:Mozambique 21036:Mauritania 21021:Madagascar 20911:Cape Verde 20693:irreligion 20688:Secularism 20595:Minorities 20563:Toleration 20558:Syncretism 20543:Fanaticism 20533:Disability 20521:Missionary 20511:Conversion 20499:Ordination 20421:Psychology 20416:Philosophy 20356:Polytheism 20336:Monotheism 20331:Henotheism 20172:Orthopraxy 20162:Ordination 20125:Meditation 20120:Indigenous 20085:Entheogens 20070:Conversion 19896:Pueblo III 19813:Babylonian 19803:Melanesian 19729:Gnosticism 19614:Lithuanian 19507:Fourth Way 19361:Circassian 19339:Dievturība 19262:Tensegrity 19195:Falun Gong 18840:Sanamahism 18820:Donyi-Polo 18452:Polynesian 18398:Kaharingan 18323:Burkhanism 18262:Ravidassia 18240:Śvetāmbara 18026:Pushtimarg 18006:Krishnaism 17942:Vietnamese 17927:Cheondoism 17860:Yao Taoism 17796:East Asian 17562:Isma'ilism 17518:Maturidism 17297:Mennonites 17292:Hutterites 17277:Anabaptism 17170:Humanistic 16494:Al-Muwatta 16418:literature 16216:Ex-Muslims 16111:Shu'ubiyya 16105:Psychology 16093:Literature 16083:Inventions 16029:Philosophy 15837:Leadership 15813:Honorifics 15468:Philosophy 15323:Isma'ilism 15288:Maturidism 15177:Caliphates 15148:Golden Age 15039:Revelation 14817:Süleymancı 14725:Said Nursî 14684:Mahdavīyya 14635:Messianism 14539:Sumamīyya 14529:Hābītīyya 14422:Baba Ishak 14364:Saba'īyya 14351:Mukhāmmīsa 14342:Mughīrīyya 14329:Ghurābīyya 14291:Bāzīghiyya 14259:Bārāq Bābā 14238:Hulmānīyya 14135:Ziyādīyya 14127:Ubaydīyya 14119:Shamrīyya 14111:Sālehīyya 14095:Tūmanīyya 14079:Yūnusīyya 14040:Sauwāqīyya 14016:Hakāiqīyya 14000:Karrāmīyya 13990:Hanafiyyah 13844:Kharijites 13782:Nuktawiyya 13733:al-Muqanna 13711:Muḥammirah 13699:Abu Muslim 13695:Rezāmīyya 13670:Hārithīyya 13662:Janāhiyya 13652:Hashimiyya 13626:Kaysanites 13573:Badakhshan 13506:Qarmatians 13493:Batiniyyah 13473:Isma'ilism 13444:Demir Bābā 13439:Baktāshism 13432:Bektashism 13411:ibn Nusayr 13407:al-Khaṣībī 13391:Kul Nesîmî 13387:Pir Sultan 13292:Khalafiyya 13287:Dukayniyya 13221:Shia Islam 13163:Maturidism 13085:Madkhalism 12988:Ibn Kullab 12811:Shia books 12361:Madkhalism 12261:Najjārīyya 12151:al-Qībtī ( 12125:Karramiyya 12121:Ibn Karram 12077:Mu'jassimā 11965:Al-Maydani 11955:Ali Qushji 11880:Al-Bazdawi 11856:Maturidism 11841:Al-Shafi'i 11710:Al-Baydawi 11670:Qadi Ayyad 11645:Ibn Tumart 11600:Al-Ghazali 11585:Al-Juwayni 11575:Al-Bayhaqi 11566:al-Ash'ari 11538:Philosophy 11459:Philosophy 11317:SUNY Press 10704:9 February 10286:al-ʿAqīda 10192:al-ʿAqīda 10153:al-ʿAqīda 10088:al-ʿAqīda 10035:al-ʿAqīda 10022:al-ʿAqīda 8700:Ibn Ḥazm: 8125:22 January 8097:19 January 7950:7 December 7486:Al-Murtaza 6963:Ibn Ḥazm: 6704:confidant. 6673:0521646960 6409:References 6337:Mauritania 6283:Grand Imam 6239:Ashʿarīyya 6142:Ashʿarites 6097:šīʿat ʿAlī 6089:umma wasaṭ 6064:Kharijites 5953:karramitic 5800:Imam Malik 5741:Abu Dawood 5522:monotheist 5518:al-Ghazālī 5452:) of God. 5164:, and the 5162:companions 5116:Bangladesh 5027:. Turkish 5010:archangels 4780:al-Ghazālī 4588:Bangladesh 4575:Movement. 4358:Al-Ghazali 4333:Shadiliyya 4325:Chishtiyya 4236:Ghazzali's 4186:Ashʿarites 4116:ascetics ( 3994:Kullabiyya 3835:Ash'arites 3809:Maturidism 3782:al-Ash'ari 2985:Wang Daiyu 2747:Background 2722:Maturidism 2660:al-Ghazali 2577:Ashʿarites 2520:narratives 2503:companions 2408:Ibn Kathir 2266:Bangladesh 2195:Abu Hanifa 2182:Banu Abbās 2117:Abu Sufyān 2018:mosque in 1859:Ibn Kullab 1850:Karramiyya 1831:Al-Jubba'i 1757:adjective 1747:Kharijites 1704:Abu Hanifa 1542:) and the 1534:Kharijites 1484:kills the 1249:appointed 956:Philosophy 693:(exegesis) 630:Pilgrimage 620:Almsgiving 438:Literature 403:Holy sites 291:Maturidism 148:Pilgrimage 83:Holy books 21955:Venezuela 21900:Argentina 21817:Australia 21769:Nicaragua 21744:Guatemala 21544:Lithuania 21366:Sri Lanka 21361:Singapore 21341:Palestine 21229:Indonesia 21219:Hong Kong 21041:Mauritius 20762:Overviews 20717:Criticism 20665:Terrorism 20640:Theocracy 20585:Happiness 20553:Pluralism 20538:Education 20464:Religion 20436:Salvation 20426:Sociology 20371:Religious 20351:Pantheism 20341:Nontheism 20234:Mountains 20212:Sacrifice 20167:Orthodoxy 20157:Mythology 20152:Mysticism 20041:Behaviour 19950:Canaanite 19933:Mithraism 19901:Pueblo IV 19891:Pueblo II 19796:Mazdakism 19771:Hungarian 19744:Mysteries 19653:Dravidian 19435:Hungarian 19351:Caucasian 19322:Godianism 19282:Agni Yoga 19272:Theosophy 19235:Rastafari 19210:Modekngei 19190:Brahmoism 19183:Syncretic 19175:movements 19173:religious 19085:Quimbanda 19033:Candomblé 19026:Diasporic 18805:Bathouism 18795:Benzhuism 18720:Tsimshian 18671:Purépecha 18592:Longhouse 18567:Sun Dance 18516:Blackfoot 18435:Malaysian 18425:Kapitayan 18235:Digambara 18220:Ayyavazhi 18185:Vajrayana 18150:Theravada 18063:Ganapatya 18036:Ramanandi 17965:Hoahaoism 17843:Yiguandao 17738:Yarsanism 17733:Shabakism 17720:Yazdânism 17710:Zurvanism 17705:Mazdaznan 17664:Rastafari 17659:Mandaeism 17533:Wahhabism 17513:Ash'arism 17476:Tolstoyan 17466:Spiritual 17456:Mormonism 17427:Judaizers 17400:Quakerism 17378:Methodist 17368:Irvingism 17319:Calvinism 17272:Adventism 17255:Moravians 17092:Abrahamic 16333:Symbolism 16291:Incidents 16269:Criticism 16166:Mormonism 16068:Astrology 15994:Cosmology 15989:Astronomy 15931:Arabesque 15798:Etiquette 15757:Blasphemy 15547:Economics 15362:Ahmadiyya 15296:Mu'tazili 15284:Ash'arism 14745:Modernism 14677:Sabbatean 14665:Kabbalist 14643:Ahmadiyya 14574:Kala Kato 14547:Kā‘bīyya 14478:Bishriyya 14458:Muʿtazila 14391:al-Juhani 14384:Qadariyah 14254:Kalandars 14234:Hāshwīyya 14122:Abū Shamr 14055:Zarībīyya 14052:Wāhidīyya 14043:Sūramīyya 14037:Razīnīyya 14013:Dhīmmīyya 13982:Hasan ibn 13956:Wahbiyyah 13903:Abu Qurra 13829:Muhakkima 13773:Hurufiyya 13760:Mahdiists 13675:Riyāhīyya 13656:Hārbīyya 13597:Aga Khans 13592:Assassins 13555:Sulaymani 13519:ad-Darazi 13457:Hārābātīs 13374:Qizilbash 13367:Shaykhism 13243:Jarudiyya 13154:Al-Ahbash 13135:Ash'arism 13068:Al-Albani 13048:Wahhabism 12893:Ahmadiyya 12834:Al-Khisal 12744:Al-Irshad 12699:Key books 12346:Al-Albani 12314:Wahhabism 12168:Mu'tazila 12157:Qadariyah 12035:Mu'attila 11950:Ibn Kemal 11945:Khidr Bey 11825:Hanafiyah 11760:Al-Bahūtī 11755:Ibn Ashir 11720:Ibn Arafa 11615:Ibn Furak 11610:Al-Maziri 11561:Ash'arism 11528:Cosmology 11505:Cosmology 11500:Astronomy 11472:Education 10614:al-ʿAqīda 10546:al-ʿAqīda 10533:al-ʿAqīda 10517:al-ʿAqīda 10491:al-ʿAqīda 10465:al-ʿAqīda 10452:al-ʿAqīda 10439:al-ʿAqīda 10426:al-ʿAqīda 10400:al-ʿAqīda 10317:al-ʿAqīda 10075:al-ʿAqīda 9968:al-ʿAqīda 9944:al-ʿAqīda 9878:al-ʿAqīda 9766:al-ʿAqīda 9727:al-ʿAqīda 9455:759884386 8221:7 January 8115:USA Today 8070:24 August 8023:25 August 7850:. Brill, 7829:. Brill, 7806:5 January 7728:(2): 83. 7115:van Ess: 7016:und Ess: 6597:26 August 6592:0099-9660 6433:5 October 6423:"Sunnism" 6333:Salafiyya 6321:Salafiyya 6243:Salafiyya 6153:Indonesia 6148:Salafiyya 6060:Rafidites 6049:Muʿtazila 6006:Qadariyya 5981:forbidden 5979:and what 5977:permitted 5945:Qadaritic 5941:Kharijite 5937:Rafiditic 5823:Al-Darimi 5791:Al Haakim 5787:Mustadrak 5759:Ibn Majah 5732:Al-Nasa'i 5600:archangel 5494:accidents 5490:substance 5474:Zaidiyyah 5334:abrogated 5294:Messenger 5178:At-Tahāwī 5112:Old Dhaka 4695:Catechism 4616:doctrines 4596:Sri Lanka 4475:schools. 4473:Hanbalite 4465:Shafi'ite 4429:Madh'habs 4412:Madh'hab. 4317:Rifa'iyya 4309:Qadiriyya 4276:Bātinites 4074:Shafi'ite 4058:Mysticism 3998:Salafiyya 3983:Rafidites 3805:Ash'arism 3790:Hanbalite 3628:based on 3541:Deobandis 3396:Han Kitab 3321:(d. 2018) 3307:(d. 1993) 3300:(d. 1993) 3286:(d. 1986) 3262:(d. 1981) 3255:(d. 1970) 3248:(d. 1970) 3234:(d. 1974) 3213:(d. 1970) 3199:(d. 1962) 3164:(d. 1948) 3157:(d. 1948) 2921:Khidr Bey 2740:Samarkand 2694:Mu'tazili 2612:Nasafīyya 2608:Athariyya 2604:Salafiyya 2575:(d. 935) 2462:Adherents 2458:message. 2328:civil war 2316:communist 2291:Salafiyya 2152:Khārjites 2000:pluralism 1932:at-Tahawi 1803:Al-Ma'mūn 1728:Samanides 1698:The term 1631:Wahhabism 1601:The term 1556:Tashayyu' 1278:Six Books 1259:Shia view 1243:juridical 1076:terrorism 1028:Criticism 981:Sexuality 951:Mysticism 921:Festivals 901:Education 896:Economics 832:Academics 788:Caliphate 601:Practices 420:Jerusalem 380:Modernism 368:Wahhabism 328:al-Wijdan 287:Ash'arism 22006:Category 21981:Category 21945:Suriname 21935:Paraguay 21920:Colombia 21827:Kiribati 21754:Honduras 21724:Dominica 21699:Barbados 21664:Scotland 21624:Slovenia 21619:Slovakia 21594:Portugal 21464:Bulgaria 21386:Thailand 21336:Pakistan 21316:Mongolia 21311:Maldives 21306:Malaysia 21194:Cambodia 21141:Zimbabwe 21116:Tanzania 20966:Ethiopia 20961:Eswatini 20941:Djibouti 20906:Cameroon 20891:Botswana 20835:Timeline 20830:Scholars 20790:Founders 20655:Violence 20610:Politics 20480:Business 20443:Theology 20187:Prophecy 20177:Paganism 20065:Covenant 20032:Apostasy 19967:Scythian 19908:Rapa Nui 19862:Thracian 19857:Illyrian 19847:Albanian 19818:Sumerian 19761:Harappan 19697:Germanic 19692:Georgian 19685:Selk'nam 19670:Etruscan 19658:Egyptian 19636:Druidism 19599:Armenian 19522:Satanism 19502:Eckankar 19425:Estonian 19410:Romanian 19400:Ossetian 19380:Germanic 19329:Armenian 19318:African 19311:paganism 19240:Sant Mat 19230:Rajneesh 19205:Meivazhi 19200:Japanese 19157:Siberian 19090:Santería 19060:Convince 18926:Bushongo 18830:Kiratism 18757:Hmongism 18634:Wocekiye 18619:Jivaroan 18587:Iroquois 18582:Ho-Chunk 18543:Cherokee 18486:American 18457:Hawaiian 18370:Sarnaism 18340:Tungusic 18328:Tengrism 18318:Mongolic 18247:Sarnaism 18178:Nichiren 18155:Mahayana 18142:Buddhism 18120:Sant Mat 18110:Sauraism 18105:Smartism 18100:Shaktism 18093:Balinese 18078:Kaumaram 18073:Kapalika 18068:Kashmiri 18053:Shaivism 17993:Hinduism 17960:Caodaism 17904:Ryukyuan 17899:Tenrikyo 17894:Shugendō 17872:Japanese 17743:Yazidism 17728:Ishikism 17606:Quranism 17579:Khawarij 17528:Salafism 17523:Atharism 17412:Esoteric 17383:Holiness 17373:Lutheran 17334:Reformed 17314:Baptists 17287:Brethren 17251:Hussites 17239:Assyrian 17155:Haymanot 17109:Orthodox 17058:Religion 16874:Musannaf 16621:Musannaf 16371:Category 16264:Islamism 16247:Muhammad 16203:Apostasy 16178:Hinduism 16078:Feminism 16009:Medicine 15849:Military 15803:Gambling 15752:Apostasy 15747:Criminal 15659:Marriage 15628:Tayammum 15580:Murabaha 15453:Madrasas 15443:Holidays 15433:Clothing 15428:Children 15423:Calendar 15374:Quranism 15328:Alawites 15292:Atharism 15183:Rashidun 15022:In Islam 15017:Muhammad 14862:Tawakkul 14829:Tawassul 14791:Taṣawwuf 14713:doctrine 14561:Quranism 14355:Namiriya 13984:Muḥāmmad 13977:Murji'ah 13691:Rawendis 13614:Satpanth 13535:Musta'li 13530:Fatimids 13428:Hurufism 13415:Alawites 13320:Sects in 13312:Mahdiist 13248:Batriyya 13194:Deobandi 13145:Shafi'is 13080:Jihadism 13027:Salafism 12995:Hanbalis 12976:Atharism 12889:Malfūzāt 12827:Al-Amali 12424:Hazimism 12136:Murji'ah 12060:Jahmīyya 12048:Mu'jbira 11640:Ibn Aqil 11015:Archived 10645:pp. 1–17 9644:Archived 9422:Academy. 9293:Archived 9244:Archived 9168:Archived 9146:, 2008. 9117:13 March 9111:Archived 9085:, 2008. 8723:Archived 8669:Archived 8644:2 August 8526:(2014). 8498:(2014). 8215:Archived 8119:Archived 8091:Archived 8087:BBC News 8064:Archived 7974:Archived 7879:Muhammad 7800:Archived 7777:BBC News 7744:55948737 7357:Archived 6660:(1997). 6350:See also 6299:Islamist 6273:and the 6224:atheists 6216:scholars 6208:Wahhabis 6118:madrasas 6004:and the 6002:Jabriyya 5949:Murjiite 5661:Istanbul 5476:and the 5446:saiyiʾāt 5345:muʿǧizāt 5282:prophets 5268:Muhammad 5246:prophets 5235:Mohammed 5211:Prophets 5205:Messages 5200:Prophets 5158:Mohammed 5154:Mohammed 5142:Muhammad 5049:Muhammad 5006:Muhammed 4885:munfarid 4765:al-Qā'im 4761:al-Qādir 4584:Pakistan 4573:Deobandi 4569:Salafism 4469:Malikite 4461:Ẓāhirīte 4419:Shari'ah 4402:Kairouan 4300:Tariqahs 4270:and the 4188:and the 4171:and the 4159:the Book 4141:istiqrāʾ 4137:Tunisian 4076:scholar 4033:Ibn Hazm 4004:than in 3971:Abū Bakr 3953:scholar 3890:Ash'aris 3878:Albanian 3866:Ibn Hazm 3735:and the 3670:Maturidi 3616:Maturidi 3576:Category 3546:Barelwis 3519:Ash'aris 2714:a series 2712:Part of 2705:Maturidi 2677:and the 2547:Columbia 2507:Muhammad 2377:and the 2312:Cold War 2300:Jihadist 2296:Islamist 2254:Pakistan 2126:nepotism 2068:Rāshidun 2048:Abu Bakr 2044:Rāshidun 1909:Mu'minūn 1764:Ibn Hazm 1762:scholar 1751:Murjites 1708:Murdshia 1685:Umayyads 1635:Rāfidism 1570:Abū Bakr 1532:and the 1482:Mu'awiya 1399:rashidun 1353:Abu Bakr 1334:Maturidi 1251:Abu Bakr 1227:Muhammad 1112:Glossary 1098:Jihadism 1071:Violence 1066:Islamism 1037:Muhammad 1023:Apostasy 966:Politics 916:Feminism 911:Exorcism 872:Diaspora 857:Children 852:Calendar 780:Rashidun 758:Muhammad 753:Timeline 714:Mathnawi 576:Prophets 520:a series 518:Part of 363:Salafism 332:al-Kashf 301:Atharism 168:Abu Bakr 39:a series 37:Part of 21950:Uruguay 21925:Ecuador 21905:Bolivia 21882:Vanuatu 21809:Oceania 21759:Jamaica 21739:Grenada 21694:Bahamas 21654:England 21644:Ukraine 21599:Romania 21559:Moldova 21519:Ireland 21514:Iceland 21509:Hungary 21499:Germany 21489:Finland 21484:Estonia 21479:Denmark 21474:Czechia 21469:Croatia 21454:Belgium 21449:Belarus 21444:Austria 21439:Andorra 21434:Albania 21411:Vietnam 21321:Myanmar 21296:Lebanon 21214:Georgia 21174:Bahrain 21164:Armenia 21126:Tunisia 21096:Somalia 21081:Senegal 21066:Nigeria 21056:Namibia 21046:Morocco 21011:Liberia 21006:Lesotho 20956:Eritrea 20926:Comoros 20901:Burundi 20876:Algeria 20820:Outline 20785:Deities 20712:Atheism 20630:Science 20548:Freedom 20406:History 20373:studies 20326:Dualism 20316:Animism 20281:Worship 20261:Symbols 20202:Liturgy 20115:Goddess 20075:Deities 20056:Laicism 20046:Beliefs 20025:Aspects 19997:Zapotec 19992:Vainakh 19960:Yahwism 19945:Semitic 19874:Iranian 19776:Hurrian 19766:Hittite 19756:Guanche 19749:Orphism 19680:Fuegian 19675:Finnish 19663:Atenism 19609:Latvian 19594:Arabian 19537:Raëlism 19517:Jediism 19512:Goddess 19485:De novo 19373:Druidry 19267:Thelema 19220:New Age 19105:Umbanda 18996:Tumbuka 18981:Odinala 18966:Lugbara 18886:African 18852:African 18800:Bimoism 18790:Burmese 18646:Mapuche 18612:Wyandot 18572:Guarani 18553:Choctaw 18548:Chilote 18494:Abenaki 18445:Tagalog 18418:Kejawèn 18267:Sikhism 18230:Jainism 18190:Tibetan 18173:Amidism 18041:Warkari 17955:Đạo Mẫu 17805:Chinese 17787:Eastern 17764:Roshani 17683:Iranian 17591:Alevism 17584:Ibadism 17557:Zaydism 17234:Ancient 17205:Eastern 17165:Renewal 17150:Karaite 17131:Zionist 17119:Hasidic 17101:Judaism 17083:Western 16603:Sahifah 16571:Topical 16318:Nursing 16279:Qutbism 16193:Sikhism 16188:Judaism 16183:Jainism 16019:Physics 15966:Pottery 15951:Gardens 15946:Carpets 15861:Slavery 15783:Divorce 15770:Dhabiĥa 15598:Hygiene 15573:Takaful 15555:Banking 15485:Science 15479:Qurbani 15448:Mosques 15408:Animals 15397:Culture 15345:Zaydism 15333:Alevism 15219:Ottoman 15209:Almohad 15204:Fatimid 15199:Córdoba 15194:Abbasid 15189:Umayyad 15122:Leaders 15117:History 15075:Shahada 14990:Beliefs 14911:Shafi'i 14901:Hanbali 14867:Tewafuq 14847:Sadaqah 14808:Barelvi 14799:Ṭarīqah 14653:Qadiani 14626:beliefs 14401:Alevism 14248:Dimashq 14034:Nūnīyya 14028:Maʿīyya 13988:ibn al- 13963:Azzabas 13924:Ibadism 13912:Nukkari 13866:Azariqa 13851:Ajardi 13798:Bábīyya 13704:Sunpadh 13636:Mukhtār 13601:Nizaris 13576:Alevism 13550:Dawoodi 13540:Tayyibi 13502:Sevener 13481:Fathite 13355:Akhbari 13350:Ja'fari 13337:Twelver 13316:Shi'ite 13253:Imamate 13230:Zaydism 13181:Barelvi 13168:Hanafis 13140:Malikis 13109:Maqrizi 13058:Ibn Baz 13017:Zahiris 12779:Masnavi 12331:Ibn Baz 12145:Dimashq 11845:Shafi‘i 11775:'Illish 11510:Physics 11492:Science 11319:, 1996. 11292:4 April 11255:excerpt 11253:(2018) 11173:excerpt 11145:Sunnism 11132: 11108: 10920:p. 317. 10907:p. 314. 9250:11 July 9140:Hoboken 8314:1 April 8304:Philtar 7980:3 April 7577:(1982). 7276:Saleh: 6865:Zaman: 6460:, from 6458:mubtadi 6312:Takfiri 6165:madhhab 6161:madhhab 6114:mosques 5957:Jahmīya 5796:Muwatta 5693:Bukhari 5670:Sahabah 5468:in the 5438:ḥasanāt 5274:Quraish 5258:maʿṣiya 5239:Quraish 5223:Abraham 5130:infidel 5073:Israfil 5062:Gabriel 5045:Gabriel 5021:Israfil 5017:Michael 5013:Gabriel 4987:prophet 4927:mumāssa 4788:Shahāda 4665:and in 4659:Tawheed 4646:issued 4553:Qadiris 4549:Chistis 4500:Hanbali 4496:Shafi'i 4406:Tunisia 4388:Schools 4370:Wahhabi 4362:Saladin 4343:(after 4335:(after 4331:), the 4327:(after 4323:), the 4319:(after 4315:), the 4311:(after 4190:Hanafis 4165:), the 3951:Hanbali 3880:Athari 3870:Murji'a 3854:Ottoman 3822:Hanbali 3814:Wahhabi 3798:Baghdad 3795:Abbasid 3688:Islamic 3672:creed. 3634:hadiths 3513:Classic 2642:Ash'ari 2636:Ash'ari 2371:Balkans 2286:Wahhabi 2244:of the 2234:Jakarta 2215:imāmate 2203:Shāfi'i 2160:Muāwiya 2136:al-sila 2097:Muāwiya 2036:Shi'ism 2006:History 1968:iǧtimāʿ 1819:jamāʿah 1578:Fadā'il 1518:Prophet 1516:of the 1427:as the 1415:tabi'in 1350:caliphs 1330:Ash'ari 1213:Muslims 993:Slavery 976:Science 931:Madrasa 926:Finance 837:Animals 825:society 821:Culture 793:Imamate 773:Sahabah 746:History 716:(Poems) 701:(creed) 625:Fasting 553:Oneness 546:Beliefs 454:History 223:Hanbali 218:Shafi'i 197:schools 143:Fasting 138:Charity 66:Beliefs 18:Sunnite 21991:Portal 21930:Guyana 21910:Brazil 21877:Tuvalu 21774:Panama 21764:Mexico 21709:Canada 21704:Belize 21634:Sweden 21614:Serbia 21604:Russia 21589:Poland 21584:Norway 21564:Monaco 21534:Latvia 21529:Kosovo 21504:Greece 21494:France 21426:Europe 21391:Turkey 21376:Taiwan 21281:Kuwait 21254:Jordan 21244:Israel 21204:Cyprus 21189:Brunei 21184:Bhutan 21136:Zambia 21131:Uganda 21071:Rwanda 21026:Malawi 20986:Guinea 20976:Gambia 20881:Angola 20868:Africa 20677:Wealth 20625:Schism 20580:Growth 20504:Priest 20489:Clergy 20308:Theism 20291:Nature 20286:Astral 20229:Groves 20197:Ritual 20182:Prayer 20140:Novice 20090:Ethnic 20015:Topics 19987:Urartu 19982:Tongan 19977:Somali 19972:Slavic 19852:Dacian 19631:Celtic 19626:Basque 19604:Baltic 19455:Udmurt 19420:Uralic 19415:Slavic 19368:Celtic 19356:Abkhaz 19344:Romuva 19334:Baltic 19309:Modern 19152:Papuan 19115:Voodoo 19070:Kumina 19011:Yoruba 19001:Urhobo 18971:Maasai 18956:Lotuko 18904:Baluba 18894:Akamba 18867:Berber 18825:Heraka 18815:Dongba 18703:Pueblo 18698:Pawnee 18688:Navajo 18678:Muisca 18641:Lenape 18629:Lakota 18607:Seneca 18597:Mohawk 18531:Ohlone 18511:Apache 18504:Ojibwe 18484:Native 18350:Manchu 18345:Evenki 18306:Altaic 18297:Ethnic 18272:Khalsa 18225:Kalash 18115:Śrauta 17984:Indian 17914:Korean 17880:Shinto 17850:Taoism 17823:Luoism 17649:Baháʼí 17644:Bábism 17596:Ahmadi 17574:Sufism 17567:Alawis 17217:Church 17145:Reform 17126:Modern 17114:Haredi 16862:Musnad 16653:Musnad 16416:hadith 16140: 16098:poetry 15908: 15793:Ethics 15777:Dhimmi 15736:Baligh 15697:Mahram 15654:Family 15634:Toilet 15614:Miswak 15367:Lahori 15308:Salafi 15254:Seerah 15249:Tafsir 15244:Hadith 15214:Sokoto 15159:Sahaba 15034:Angels 15011:Tawhid 14968:topics 14916:Zahiri 14906:Maliki 14896:Hanafi 14872:Thawab 14852:Sunnah 14777:Other 14733:Hizmet 14697:Zikris 14668:Dönmes 14658:Lahori 14624:Muslim 14444:Rifa`i 14389:Ma'bad 14271:Tajsīm 14219:Tamsīl 13946:Ifrani 13886:Najdat 13789:Shayki 13758:Other 13726:Mazyar 13605:Khojas 13583:Nizari 13562:Hafizi 13523:Druzes 13504: 13448:Alians 13402:Ghulat 12882:Alawis 12149:Nabati 12114:Abdals 12096:Juzjan 11835:Maliki 11520:Sufism 11444:Ethics 11431:Aqidah 11423:Fields 11402:Fields 11340:Online 11306:online 11265:online 11244:online 11233:online 11208:online 11184:online 10816:Lord: 10803:Lord: 10790:Lord: 9453: 9443: 9342: 9299:28 May 9236: 9209: 9150: 9089: 9079:Leiden 9005: 8969: 8940: 8635: 8585: 8534: 8506: 8475: 8442: 8409: 8370: 8343: 8289:p. 108 8285: 8264: 8243: 7924:p. 138 7920: 7900:Quran 7887: 7854: 7833: 7742: 7699: 7672: 7647: 7622: 7597: 7557: 7532: 7467: 7440: 7388: 7363:5 June 7331: 7300: 6695: 6670: 6640: 6590: 6536: 6511: 6486: 6325:Kuwait 6289:, the 6281:, the 6251:Grozny 5913:Hadith 5892:Alevis 5872:Ahbāsh 5778:Musnad 5697:Muslim 5647:hadith 5620:ʿadlan 5616:faḍlan 5596:aqḍiya 5578:taqdīr 5553:šafāʿa 5430:scales 5403:Dajjal 5387:Sadaqa 5357:miʿrāǧ 5330:Sharia 5296:, the 5132:. The 5096:devils 5092:angels 5055:Angels 5041:angels 5037:angels 5025:Azrael 4957:ʿqudra 4876:Tawhid 4691:creeds 4675:saints 4663:Sharia 4648:fatwas 4608:Europe 4508:Shiite 4492:Maliki 4488:Hanafi 4482:, the 4457:Hanafi 4410:Maliki 4366:Salafi 4284:Method 4272:Sunnah 4268:Qur'an 4204:Taqlīd 4199:takwīn 4168:Sunnah 4163:Qur'an 4149:Hadith 4102:Hadith 4064:Sufism 4008:. The 3929:aqidah 3924:aqidah 3882:Salafi 3874:Syrian 3859:Fatiha 3818:Salafi 3803:While 3756:tafwid 3751:Qur'an 3746:ta'wil 3741:Qur'an 3737:hadith 3733:Qur'an 3718:as by 3716:athari 3711:hadith 3705:sunnah 3699:Qur'an 3682:Athari 3676:Athari 3666:Hanafi 3662:Maliki 3654:Hanafi 3646:Turkey 3638:Ethics 3630:Hanafi 3535:Modern 3479:Events 2995:Ma Zhu 2683:hadith 2679:Sunnah 2671:ethics 2629:tafwīḍ 2616:Hadith 2536:sharia 2516:Qur'an 2493: 2491: 2484: 2482: 2475: 2473: 2417:Tafsir 2373:, the 2369:, the 2363:Levant 2268:. The 2174:battle 2148:Zubair 2144:Talhah 2109:Fātima 2105:Husain 2103:after 2089:Marwān 2072:Turkey 2064:caliph 2056:Uthman 2032:Sufism 2024:mosque 1994:as an 1980:Sahaba 1950:) and 1683:, the 1595:Sunnah 1586:Sunnah 1544:Sunnah 1539:Qur'an 1514:Sunnah 1497:Sunnah 1459:Uthman 1456:caliph 1407:sahaba 1384:) and 1375:Uthman 1346:Athari 1290:Sharia 1280:) and 1274:hadith 1255:caliph 1222:Sunnah 1205:branch 1047:Hadith 961:Poetry 941:Mosque 906:Ethics 731:Sharia 699:Aqidah 691:Tafsir 675:Hadith 669:Sunnah 613:Prayer 564:Angels 415:Medina 390:Farahi 266:Jariri 259:Laythi 252:Thawri 245:Awza'i 238:Zahiri 230:Others 213:Maliki 208:Hanafi 195:Sunni 178:Uthman 133:Prayer 108:Sahaba 93:Angels 21915:Chile 21872:Tonga 21862:Samoa 21852:Palau 21842:Nauru 21749:Haiti 21669:Wales 21629:Spain 21554:Malta 21524:Italy 21416:Yemen 21371:Syria 21351:Qatar 21326:Nepal 21301:Macau 21264:Korea 21249:Japan 21224:India 21199:China 21111:Sudan 21061:Niger 21016:Libya 21001:Kenya 20981:Ghana 20971:Gabon 20946:Egypt 20886:Benin 20795:Index 20766:lists 20635:State 20453:Women 20321:Deism 20296:Place 20276:Water 20271:Truth 20239:Trees 20095:Faith 20060:Laity 19955:Punic 19913:Roman 19879:Vedic 19837:Olmec 19724:Greek 19717:Norse 19641:Irish 19462:Wicca 19257:Subud 19147:Inuit 19120:Winti 19110:Vodou 19075:Obeah 19055:Comfa 19038:Bantu 18991:Serer 18976:Mbuti 18936:Dogon 18931:Dinka 18914:Kongo 18909:Bantu 18835:Qiang 18666:Olmec 18656:Aztec 18577:Haida 18526:Miwok 18462:Māori 18393:Dayak 18314:Turko 18277:Sects 18213:Other 18168:Thiền 17752:Other 17654:Druze 17632:Other 17508:Sunni 17500:Islam 17282:Amish 17200:Latin 16943:study 16855:Sahih 16847:Types 16413:Sunni 16252:Quran 16142:Other 16037:Early 15961:Music 15877:Kalam 15831:Jizya 15819:Hudud 15704:Nikah 15621:Najis 15607:Ghusl 15566:Sukuk 15495:Women 15463:Music 15438:Flags 15352:Ibadi 15279:Sunni 15239:Quran 15096:Zakat 15082:Salah 15045:Qadar 15003:Allah 14966:Islam 14857:Taqwa 14246:ī ad- 14244:Fāris 13898:Sufri 13721:Babak 13545:Alavi 13511:Hamza 13469:Imami 13360:Usuli 13333:Imami 13324:Islam 13308:Imami 13090:Sahwa 12153:Murjī 12147:ī an- 12098:ī al- 12089:Balkh 11813:Sunni 11810:Early 11482:Peace 11477:Logic 11449:Kalam 11410:Books 11348:, in 11083:Notes 10698:(PDF) 10691:(PDF) 8609:well. 8471:–37. 8268:p. 21 8247:p. 21 7994:See: 7902:9:100 7740:S2CID 7509:[ 7488:[ 7411:[ 7070:Ess: 7054:Ess: 7029:Vgl. 6976:Ess: 6895:Ess: 6728:Ess: 6715:Ess: 6466:sunna 6462:bid'a 6453:Sunna 6449:sunna 6271:Yemen 6267:Syria 6263:India 6259:Egypt 6212:fatwa 6201:salaf 5994:Qadar 5973:furūʿ 5943:, 20 5939:, 20 5931:work 5843:Azhar 5702:sahih 5632:saʿīd 5582:qadar 5574:Qadar 5570:qadāʾ 5546:raḥma 5510:aqwām 5407:Dabba 5379:fitna 5322:Arabs 5231:Moses 5227:ḫalīl 5219:mīṯāq 5194:Quran 5182:Quran 5173:Quran 5166:Ummah 5134:Quran 5126:Quran 5084:Satan 5077:souls 5070:angel 5059:angel 4983:Quran 4978:kalām 4972:baṣar 4962:irāda 4948:ḥayāh 4943:ṣifāt 4931:kursī 4914:abadī 4910:azalī 4898:maṯīl 4890:šarīk 4870:Unity 4851:Qadar 4773:Hijra 4580:India 4305:saint 4259:ulema 4256:Some 4224:ilhām 4216:Sufis 4174:Ijmāʿ 4129:jihad 4123:ribat 4110:Koran 4094:Kalam 4090:aṣnāf 4084:work 4070:Sufis 4051:fatwa 4046:fatwa 4006:Kalām 3899:Salaf 3728:zahir 3693:kalam 3658:Shafi 3529:Sufis 2675:Quran 2600:] 2589:Kalām 2542:Kalām 2495:Ibadi 2486:Shias 2477:Sunni 2400:ummah 2258:India 2169:Yazid 2165:Yazid 2140:Aisha 2131:zakāt 2020:Mecca 2016:Kaaba 1964:furqa 1952:furqa 1940:furqa 1888:with 1865:too. 1815:Sunna 1759:sunnī 1755:Nisba 1673:fitna 1664:fitna 1659:Isnad 1651:Sahih 1603:Sunna 1561:Mufti 1552:Shi'i 1510:sunna 1488:sunna 1451:sunna 1444:Sunna 1431:salaf 1395:) as 1340:kalam 1318:creed 1270:Quran 1209:Islam 1199:) or 1093:Jihad 1042:Quran 1003:Women 946:Music 884:Sunni 733:(law) 681:Sirah 662:Quran 646:Texts 528:Islam 432:Lists 410:Mecca 326:(Ahl 324:Sufis 315:Ihsan 21940:Peru 21822:Fiji 21719:Cuba 21331:Oman 21291:Laos 21239:Iraq 21234:Iran 21151:Asia 21121:Togo 21031:Mali 20921:Chad 20764:and 20691:and 20266:Text 20246:Soul 20135:Monk 20100:Fire 19781:Inca 19589:Ainu 19473:list 19450:Sámi 19080:Palo 19048:Ketu 19043:Jejé 18961:Lozi 18941:Efik 18919:Zulu 18899:Akan 18752:Ahom 18744:Miao 18742:and 18730:Zuni 18713:Hopi 18661:Maya 18558:Crow 18536:Pomo 18203:list 18160:Chan 18131:list 18088:Nath 17886:list 17622:list 17547:Shia 17489:list 17176:list 16941:and 15923:Arts 15854:POWs 15788:Diet 15718:Zina 15690:Mahr 15676:Haya 15640:Wudu 15587:Riba 15500:LGBT 15392:Life 15313:Shia 15303:Sufi 15294:and 15103:Hajj 15089:Sawm 13628:Shia 12025:Rumi 11467:‘Aql 11294:2017 11129:lit. 11105:lit. 10725:and 10706:2021 9652:2017 9451:OCLC 9441:ISBN 9340:ISBN 9301:2021 9252:2021 9234:ISBN 9207:ISBN 9176:2013 9148:ISBN 9119:2012 9087:ISBN 9003:ISBN 8967:ISBN 8938:ISBN 8646:2016 8633:ISBN 8583:ISBN 8532:ISBN 8504:ISBN 8473:ISBN 8440:ISBN 8407:ISBN 8368:ISBN 8341:ISBN 8316:2006 8283:ISBN 8262:ISBN 8241:ISBN 8223:2010 8195:und 8127:2019 8099:2024 8072:2010 8025:2010 7982:2013 7952:2013 7918:ISBN 7885:ISBN 7852:ISBN 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