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In the aftermath of the
November 2020 defeat of Donald Trump, the concept of the European strategic autonomy was inspired by France, which advocated for this strategy at the European Union level. Strategic autonomy for the EU is a concept that includes economic, energy and digital policy, and
196:. European Union Member States, such as Germany, display different preferences than France when it comes to the priorities of a strategic autonomy policy. Strategic autonomy expanded to digital policy of the European Union with an objective to ascertain European sovereignty against China.
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In the
European context, strategic autonomy is the ability of the European Union to not be overly reliant on the United States, to defend Europe and act militarily in its neighborhood, for the strategic purposes of affording a political autonomy independent from US foreign policies.
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An early reference to strategic autonomy in the discussions of the
European council of ministers can be dated back to December 2013. The European Council called for the development of European defense capabilities to enhance the strategic autonomy of the European Union.
258:. Macron had also advocated that Europe should become a "third superpower.” According to Macron, Europe should focus on boosting its own defense industries and on reducing dependence on the extraterritoriality of the US dollar.
254:, Macron called for the EU to reduce its dependence on the US to attain European strategic autonomy away from Washington and avoid being drawn into a confrontation between the US and China over
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as an unreliable partner in a retrospective speech. The goal of strategic autonomy is not to act alone militarily and the
European Union can be characterized as non-interventionist in nature.
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said that Europe must strengthen its defenses because they are currently “not strong enough” to stand up to Russia's invasion of
Ukraine alone, and have been relying on American support.
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The election of Joe Biden in the United States brought expectations of a Euro-Atlantic unity to be reconciled with the strategic autonomy of the
European Union. The
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saw the election of Joe Biden bringing discord between France and
Germany over the future of European defense and strategic autonomy. In November 2021 the
312:"Aravind Devanathan asked: What is 'strategic autonomy'? How does it help India's security? | Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses"
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to pursue its national interests and adopt its preferred foreign policy without depending heavily on other foreign states.
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As early as
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doctrine to improve the defense capabilities of the
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In April 2023, during an interview on a plane after a three-day state visit to
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689:"Europe must resist pressure to become 'America's followers,' says Macron"
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337:"European Defense and 'Strategic Autonomy' Are Also Coronavirus Victims"
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392:"Coronavirus Tests Europe's Cohesion, Alliances and Even Democracy"
657:"Finland's Sanna Marin says Europe would be in trouble without US"
606:"Biden's team wants EU allies to get real on 'strategic autonomy'"
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urged the EU to develop its own credible military capabilities.
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established in 2017. Strategic autonomy became central to the
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554:"Borrell: Trump has awakened us from strategic sleepwalking"
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needs to be complemented by a harder power dimension.
447:"Strategic autonomy for Europe in the post-Trump era"
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156:In 2016, strategic autonomy became part of the
16:Ability of a state to act without outside help
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580:"As Trump Exits, Rifts in Europe Widen Again"
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693:politico.eu
641:25 February
636:Der Spiegel
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511:October 15,
451:Kathimerini
245:Sanna Marin
126:competition
124:great power
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695:. POLITICO
667:2 December
321:2021-12-04
299:References
208:, who saw
186:soft power
44:editing it
479:EU Scream
168:, led by
699:10 April
661:BCC News
610:Politico
558:EURACTIV
532:EURACTIV
506:Politico
262:See also
316:idsa.in
278:GAIA-X
256:Taiwan
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365:(PDF)
252:China
119:Theme
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