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the enemy's right, and you will perceive the great advantage of attacking down the Old turnpike instead of the Plank road, the enemy's lines being taken in reverse. Bring only one courier, as you will be in view from the top of the hill." Jackson assented, and I rapidly conducted him to the point of observation. There had been no change in the picture. I only knew
Jackson slightly. I watched him closely as he gazed upon Howard's troops. It was then about 2 pm. His eyes burned with a brilliant glow, lighting up a sad face. His expression was one of intense interest, his face was colored slightly with the paint of approaching battle, and radiant at the success of his flank movement. To the remarks made to him while the unconscious line of blue was pointed out, he did not reply once during the five minutes he was on the hill, and yet his lips were moving. From what I have read and heard of Jackson since that day, I know now what he was doing then. Oh! "beware of rashness", General Hooker. Stonewall Jackson is praying in full view and in rear of your right flank! While talking to the Great God of Battles, how could he hear what a poor cavalryman was saying. "Tell General Rodes", said he, suddenly whirling his horse towards the courier, "to move across the Old plank road; halt when he gets to the Old turnpike, and I will join him there." One more look upon the Federal lines, and then he rode rapidly down the hill, his arms flapping to the motion of his horse, over whose head it seemed, good rider as he was, he would certainly go. I expected to be told I had made a valuable personal reconnaissance—saving the lives of many soldiers, and that Jackson was indebted to me to that amount at least. Perhaps I might have been a little chagrined at Jackson's silence, and hence commented inwardly and adversely upon his horsemanship. Alas! I had looked upon him for the last time.
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Upshur County. Julia moved to
Fayette County with her other two children, Thomas and Laura. Julia remained in such poor health, and caring for the children was such a strain on her strength, that she agreed to let their Grandmother Jackson take them to her home in Lewis County, about four miles north of Weston, where she lived with her unmarried daughters and sons. One of these sons was sent to Fayette County to care for the children by the grandmother. When he arrived and the purpose of his visit was revealed, there was quite a commotion among the children, who were very reluctant to leave their mother. Thomas, now six years old, slipped away to the nearby woods, where he hid, only returning to the house at nightfall. After a day or two of coaxing and numerous bribes, the uncle finally persuaded the children to make the trip, which took several days, with the help of their mother. When they arrived at their destination, they became the pets of an indulgent grandmother, two maiden aunts, and several bachelor uncles, all of whom were known for their great kindness of heart and strong family attachment. Thomas and Laura were indulged in every way, and to an extent well calculated to spoil them. In August 1835, Thomas and Laura's grandmother died.
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1025:, taught with Jackson, as "he preferred that my labors should be given to the colored children, believing that it was more important and useful to put the strong hand of the Gospel under the ignorant African race, to lift them up". The pastor, Dr. William Spottswood White, described the relationship between Jackson and his Sunday afternoon students: "In their religious instruction he succeeded wonderfully. His discipline was systematic and firm, but very kind. ... His servants reverenced and loved him, as they would have done a brother or father. ... He was emphatically the black man's friend." He addressed his students by name and they referred to him as "Marse Major".
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1610:. The Hotchkiss journal shows that Jackson, most likely, originally conceived the movement. In the journal entries for March 4 and 6, 1863, General Stuart tells Hotchkiss that "Jackson was entitled to all the credit" for the movement and that Lee thought the proposed movement "very hazardous" and "reluctantly consented" to the movement. At Manassas Junction, Jackson was able to capture all of the supplies of the Union Army depot. Then he had his troops destroy all of it, for it was the main depot for the Union Army. Jackson then retreated and then took up a defensive position and effectively invited Pope to assault him. On August 28–29, the start of the
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spent four years together at the Mill before being separated—Laura Ann was sent to live with her mother's family, Thomas to live with his Aunt Polly (his father's sister) and her husband, Isaac Brake, on a farm four miles from
Clarksburg. Thomas was treated by Brake as an outsider and, having suffered verbal abuse for over a year, ran away from the family. When his cousin in Clarksburg urged him to return to Aunt Polly's, he replied, "Maybe I ought to, ma'am, but I am not going to." He walked eighteen miles through mountain wilderness to Jackson's Mill, where he was welcomed by his uncles and he remained there for the following seven years.
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1254: had been overwhelmed, and he rode up to Jackson in despair, exclaiming, "They are beating us back!" "Then," said Jackson, "we will give them the bayonet!" As he rode back to his command, Bee exhorted his own troops to re-form by shouting, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Let us determine to die here, and we will conquer. Rally behind the Virginians!" There is some controversy over Bee's statement and intent, which could not be clarified because he was killed almost immediately after speaking and none of his subordinate officers wrote reports of the battle. Major Burnett Rhett, chief of staff to General
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1269:, stopped the Union assault and suffered more casualties than any other Southern brigade that day; Jackson has since then been generally known as Stonewall Jackson. During the battle, Jackson displayed a gesture common to him and held his left arm skyward with the palm facing forward – interpreted by his soldiers variously as an eccentricity or an entreaty to God for success in combat. His hand was struck by a bullet or a piece of shrapnel and he suffered a small loss of bone in his middle finger. He refused medical advice to have the finger amputated. After the battle, Jackson was promoted to
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1689:'s cavalry to provide for better reconnaissance regarding the exact location of the Union right and rear. The results were far better than even Jackson could have hoped. Fitzhugh Lee found the entire right side of the Federal lines in the middle of open field, guarded merely by two guns that faced westward, as well as the supplies and rear encampments. The men were eating and playing games in carefree fashion, completely unaware that an entire Confederate corps was less than a mile away. What happened next is given in Fitzhugh Lee's own words:
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2181:, was told by a local farmer that Stonewall Jackson's arm was buried nearby under a granite marker, to which Butler replied, "Bosh! I will take a squad of Marines and dig up that spot to prove you wrong!" Butler found the arm in a box under the marker. He later replaced the wooden box with a metal one, and reburied the arm. He left a plaque on the granite monument marking the burial place of Jackson's arm; the plaque is no longer on the marker but can be viewed at the Chancellorsville Battlefield visitor's center.
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1033:, accepted by Jackson from an aged widow and presented to his second wife, Mary Anna, as a welcome-home gift. After Jackson was shot at Chancellorsville, a slave "Jim Lewis, had stayed with Jackson in the small house as he lay dying". Mary Anna Jackson, in her 1895 memoir, said, "our servants ... without the firm guidance and restraint of their master, the excitement of the times proved so demoralizing to them that he deemed it best for me to provide them with good homes among the permanent residents".
1250:(First Manassas) on July 21, 1861. As the Confederate lines began to crumble under heavy Union assault, Jackson's brigade provided crucial reinforcements on Henry House Hill, demonstrating the discipline he instilled in his men. While under heavy fire for several continuous hours, Jackson received a wound, breaking the middle finger of his left hand about midway between the hand and knuckle, the ball passing on the side next to the index finger. The troops of South Carolina, commanded by Gen.
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731:, on January 21, 1824. He was the third child of Julia Beckwith (née Neale) Jackson (1798–1831) and Jonathan Jackson (1790–1826), an attorney. Both of Jackson's parents were natives of Virginia. The family already had two young children and were living in Clarksburg, in what is now West Virginia, when Thomas was born. He was named for his maternal grandfather. There is some dispute about the actual location of Jackson's birth. A historical marker on the floodwall in
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horse that did not look much like a charger, unless it would be on hay or clover. He certainly made a poor figure on a horseback, with his stirrup leather six inches too short, putting his knees nearly level with his horse's back, and his heels turned out with his toes sticking behind his horse's foreshoulder. A sorry description of our most famous general, but a correct one." His horse was named "Little Sorrel" (also known as "Old Sorrel"), a small
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exploit the advantage
Jackson had broached. In contrast to this display of strength of character, he obeyed what he also felt was a "bad order" when he raked a civilian throng with artillery fire after the Mexican authorities failed to surrender Mexico City at the hour demanded by the U.S. forces. The former episode, and later aggressive action against the retreating Mexican army, earned him field promotion to the brevet rank of major.
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833:. She was so strident in her beliefs that she expressed mixed feelings upon hearing of Thomas's death. One Union officer said that she seemed depressed at hearing the news, but her Unionism was stronger than her family bonds. In a letter, he wrote that Laura had said that she "would rather know that he was dead than to have him a leader in the rebel army". Her Union sentiment also estranged her later from her husband, Jonathan Arnold.
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1895:, has found that none of Jackson's contemporaries, including members of his staff, his friends, or his wife, recorded any unusual obsessions with lemons. Jackson thought of a lemon as a "rare treat ... enjoyed greatly whenever it could be obtained from the enemy's camp". Jackson was fond of all fruits, particularly peaches, "but he enjoyed with relish lemons, oranges, watermelons, apples, grapes, berries, or whatever was available".
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the Seven Days are disputed, although a severe lack of sleep after the grueling march and railroad trip from the
Shenandoah Valley was probably a significant factor. Both Jackson and his troops were completely exhausted. An explanation for this and other lapses by Jackson was tersely offered by his colleague and brother in-law General Daniel Harvey Hill: "Jackson's genius never shone when he was under the command of another."
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860:, New York. Because of his inadequate schooling, he had difficulty with the entrance examinations and began his studies at the bottom of his class. Displaying a dogged determination that was to characterize his life, he became one of the hardest working cadets in the academy, and moved steadily up the academic rankings. Jackson graduated 17th out of 59 students in the Class of 1846. General
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1685:. General Lee decided to employ a risky tactic to take the initiative and offensive away from Hooker's new southern thrust – he decided to divide his forces. Jackson and his entire corps went on an aggressive flanking maneuver to the right of the Union lines. While riding with his infantry in a wide berth well south and west of the Federal line of battle, Jackson employed Maj. Gen.
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2115:(1915–1944), both graduated from West Point. The elder Christian was a career US Army officer who served during both World Wars and rose to the rank of brigadier general. Thomas Jonathan Jackson Christian's parents were William Edmund Christian and Julia Laura Christian. Julia was the daughter of Stonewall Jackson and his bride Mary Anna Morrison.
1637:(Sharpsburg). Antietam was primarily a defensive battle against superior odds, although McClellan failed to exploit his advantage. Jackson's men bore the brunt of the initial attacks on the northern end of the battlefield and, at the end of the day, successfully resisted a breakthrough on the southern end when Jackson's subordinate, Maj. Gen.
1533:. Reports had last placed Jackson's forces in the Shenandoah Valley; their presence near Richmond added greatly to the Union commander's overestimation of the strength and numbers of the forces before him. This proved a crucial factor in McClellan's decision to re-establish his base at a point many miles downstream from Richmond on the
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actions were necessary to implement his end state requirements. Few of Lee's subsequent corps commanders had this ability. At
Gettysburg, this resulted in lost opportunities. With a defeated and disorganized Union Army trying to regroup on high ground near town and vulnerable, Lee sent one of his new corps commanders,
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gelding which was a captured Union horse from a
Connecticut farm. He rode Little Sorrel throughout the war, and was riding him when he was shot at Chancellorsville. Little Sorrel died at age 36 and is buried near a statue of Jackson on the parade grounds of VMI. (His mounted hide is on display in the
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Jackson held a lifelong belief that one of his arms was longer than the other, and thus usually held the "longer" arm up to equalize his circulation. He was described as a "champion sleeper", and occasionally even fell asleep with food in his mouth. Jackson suffered a number of ailments, for which he
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with the retort, "It's a damned Yankee trick! Fire!" A second volley was fired in response. Jackson was hit by three bullets: two in the left arm and one in the right hand. Several of
Jackson's men and many horses were killed in the attack. Incoming artillery rounds and darkness led to confusion, and
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On August 30, Pope came to believe that
Jackson was starting to retreat, and Longstreet took advantage of this by launching a massive assault on the Union army's left with over 25,000 men. Although the Union troops put up a furious defense, Pope's army was forced to retreat in a manner similar to the
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In 1830, Julia Neale
Jackson remarried, against the wishes of her friends. Her new husband, Captain Blake B. Woodson, an attorney, did not like his stepchildren. Warren, Julia's eldest son, moved to live with his uncle Alfred Neale near Parkersburg, and at the age of sixteen, he was hired to teach in
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Jackson had a poor reputation as a horseman. One of his soldiers, Georgia volunteer William Andrews, wrote that Jackson was "a very ordinary looking man of medium size, his uniform badly soiled as though it had seen hard service. He wore a cap pulled down nearly to his nose and was riding a rawboned
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A few moments before he died he cried out in his delirium, 'Order A.P. Hill to prepare for action! Pass the infantry to the front rapidly! Tell Major Hawks—' then stopped, leaving the sentence unfinished. Presently a smile of ineffable sweetness spread itself over his pale face, and he said quietly,
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So impressed was I with my discovery, that I rode rapidly back to the point on the Plank road where I had left my cavalry, and back down the road Jackson was moving, until I met "Stonewall" himself. "General", said I, "if you will ride with me, halting your column here, out of sight, I will show you
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It was a classic military campaign of surprise and maneuver. Jackson pressed his army to travel 646 miles (1,040 km) in 48 days of marching and won five significant victories with a force of about 17,000 against a combined force of 60,000. Stonewall Jackson's reputation for moving his troops so
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and proceed immediately via Matamoros and Camargo to Monterey and then to Saltillo. Prior to the Battle of Buena Vista, Lieutenant Jackson's unit was ordered to withdraw from General Taylor's army and march to the mouth of the Rio Grande, where they would be transferred to Veracruz. He served at the
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in central West Virginia). Their older brother, Warren, went to live with other relatives on his mother's side of the family, but he later died of tuberculosis in 1841 at the age of twenty. Thomas and Laura Ann returned from Jackson's Mill in November 1831 to be at their dying mother's bedside. They
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Robert E. Lee could trust Jackson with deliberately undetailed orders that conveyed Lee's overall objectives, what modern doctrine calls the "end state". This was because Jackson had a talent for understanding Lee's sometimes unstated goals, and Lee trusted Jackson with the ability to take whatever
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that he had ordered from one of the best tailors in Richmond. Jackson's previous coat was threadbare and colorless from exposure to the elements, its buttons removed by admiring ladies. Jackson asked his staff to thank Stuart, saying that although the coat was too handsome for him, he would cherish
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Jackson participated in the futile, piecemeal frontal assaults against entrenched Union infantry and massed artillery, and suffered heavy casualties (but this was a problem for all of Lee's army in that ill-considered battle). The reasons for Jackson's sluggish and poorly coordinated actions during
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Jackson owned six slaves in the late 1850s. Three (Hetty, Cyrus, and George, a mother and two teenage sons) were received as part of the dowry at his marriage to Mary Anna Jackson. Another slave, Albert, requested that Jackson purchase him and allow him to work for his freedom; he was employed as a
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on March 6, 1826, with two-year-old Thomas at her bedside. His father also died of a typhoid fever on March 26, 1827, after nursing his daughter. Jackson's mother gave birth to his sister Laura Ann the day after Jackson's father died. Julia Jackson thus was widowed at 28 and was left with much debt
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of August 1862 this stereotype did not hold true. Longstreet commanded the Right Wing (later to become known as the First Corps) and Jackson commanded the Left Wing. Jackson started the campaign under Lee's orders with a sweeping flanking maneuver that placed his corps into the rear of Union Maj.
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The Civil War has sometimes been referred to as a war of "brother against brother", but in the case of the Jackson family, it was brother against sister. Laura Jackson Arnold was close to her brother Thomas until the Civil War period. As the war loomed, she became a staunch Unionist in a somewhat
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In command, Jackson was extremely secretive about his plans and extremely meticulous about military discipline. This secretive nature did not stand him in good stead with his subordinates, who were often not aware of his overall operational intentions until the last minute, and who complained of
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colonel, half soldier and half preacher". He memorized his lectures and then recited them to the class. Students who came to ask for help were given the same explanation as before. If a student asked for help a second time, Jackson simply repeated the explanation slower and more deliberately. In
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on September 13, 1847, he refused what he felt was a "bad order" to withdraw his troops. Confronted by his superior, he explained his rationale, claiming withdrawal was more hazardous than continuing his overmatched artillery duel. His judgment proved correct, and a relieving brigade was able to
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to provide him with pine knots in exchange for reading lessons; Thomas would stay up at night reading borrowed books by the light of those burning pine knots. Virginia law forbade teaching a slave, free black or mulatto to read or write; nevertheless, Jackson secretly taught the slave, as he had
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Farwell, p. xi, states that the overwhelmingly common usage of the middle name Jonathan was never documented and that Jackson did not acknowledge it; he instead used the signature form "T. J. Jackson." Robertson, p. 19, states that a county document on February 28, 1841, was the first recorded
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mourned the loss of both a friend and a trusted commander. As Jackson lay dying, Lee sent a message through Chaplain Lacy, saying: "Give General Jackson my affectionate regards, and say to him: he has lost his left arm but I my right." The night Lee learned of Jackson's death, he told his cook:
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Jackson immediately returned to his corps and arranged his divisions into a line of battle to charge directly into the oblivious Federal right. The Confederates marched silently until they were merely several hundred feet from the Union position, then released a cry and full charge. Many of the
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John and Elizabeth had eight children. Their second son was Edward Jackson (1759–1828), and Edward's third son was Jonathan Jackson, Thomas's father. Jonathan's mother died on April 17, 1796. Three years later, on October 13, 1799, his father married Elizabeth Wetherholt, and they had nine more
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and three young children (including the newborn). She sold the family's possessions to pay the debts. She declined family charity and moved into a small rented one-room house. Julia took in sewing and opened a private school to support herself and her three young children for about four years.
2459:, p. 316; Robertson, p. 7. The physician, Dr. James McCally, recalls delivering baby Thomas on January 20, 1809, just before midnight, but the family has insisted since then that he was born in the first minutes of January 21. The later date is the one generally acknowledged in biographies.
735:, claims that he was born in a cabin near that spot when his mother was visiting her parents who lived there. There are writings which indicate that in Jackson's early childhood, he was called "The Real Macaroni", though the origin of the nickname and whether it really existed are unclear.
1997:) be taken "if practicable". Without Jackson's intuitive grasp of Lee's orders or the instinct to take advantage of sudden tactical opportunities, Ewell chose not to attempt the assault, and this failure is considered by historians to be the greatest missed opportunity of the battle.
659:. Elizabeth, a strong, blonde woman almost 6 feet (180 cm) tall, born in London, was also convicted of felony larceny in an unrelated case for stealing 19 pieces of silver, jewelry, and fine lace, and received a similar sentence. They both were transported on the merchant ship
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Jackson possessed the attributes to succeed against his poorly coordinated and sometimes timid opponents: a combination of great audacity, excellent knowledge and shrewd use of the terrain, and an uncommon ability to inspire his troops to great feats of marching and fighting.
1458:, ejecting him from the Valley. Lincoln decided that the defeat of Jackson was an immediate priority (though Jackson's orders were solely to keep Union forces occupied and away from Richmond). He ordered Irvin McDowell to send 20,000 men to Front Royal and Maj. Gen.
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Jackson's sometimes unusual command style and personality traits, combined with his frequent success in battle, contribute to his legacy as one of the greatest generals of the Civil War. He was martial and stern in attitude and profoundly religious, a deacon in the
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wrote two books about her husband's life, including some of his letters. She never remarried, and was known as the "Widow of the Confederacy", living until 1915. His daughter Julia married, and bore children, but she died of typhoid fever at the age of 26 years.
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Jackson was not known to the white inhabitants of Lexington, instead mostly being known by many of the African Americans in town, both slaves and free blacks. In 1855, he organized Sunday School classes for blacks at the Presbyterian Church. His second wife,
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on March 23, 1862, when faulty intelligence led him to believe he was attacking a small detachment. But it became a strategic victory for the Confederacy, because his aggressiveness suggested that he possessed a much larger force, convincing President
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The following year, after giving birth to Thomas's half-brother Willam Wirt Woodson, Julia died of complications, leaving her three older children orphaned. Julia was buried in an unmarked grave in a homemade coffin in Westlake Cemetery along the
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waiter in one of the Lexington hotels and Jackson rented him to VMI. Amy also requested that Jackson purchase her from a public slave auction and she served the family as a cook and housekeeper. The sixth, Emma, was a four-year-old orphan with a
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in Company K of the 1st U.S. Artillery Regiment. His unit proceeded through Pennsylvania, down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Orleans, and from there the troops embarked for Point Isabel, Texas, from where they were sent to fight in the
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Jackson's fatal bullet was withdrawn, examined, and found to be 67 caliber (0.67 inches, 17 mm), a type in service with the Confederate forces. Union troops in the area were using 58 caliber balls. This was one of the first instances of
1101:. Mary Anna had a daughter named Mary Graham on April 30, 1858, but the baby died less than a month later. Another daughter was born in 1862, shortly before her father's death. The Jacksons named her Julia Laura, after his mother and sister.
803:, driving teams of oxen and helping harvest wheat and corn. Formal education was not easily obtained, but he attended school when and where he could. Much of Jackson's education was self-taught. He once made a deal with one of his uncle's
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it as a souvenir. His staff insisted that he wear it to dinner, which caused scores of soldiers to rush to see him in uncharacteristic garb. Jackson was so embarrassed with the attention that he did not wear the new uniform for months.
1078:) in Lexington. An addition was built onto the president's residence for the Jacksons, and when Robert E. Lee became president of Washington College he lived in the same home, now known as the Lee–Jackson House. Ellie gave birth to a
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while in Lexington. Built in 1801, the brick town house at 8 East Washington Street was purchased by Jackson in 1859. He lived in it for two years before being called to serve in the Confederacy. Jackson never returned to his home.
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3232:, ed., Make Me a Map of the Valley: the Civil War Journal of Jackson's Topographer, (Dallas 1973) pp. 117–18; and James I. Robertson, Jr., Stonewall Jackson: the Man, the Soldier, and the Legend, (New York 1997) p. 547, n130 p. 887
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he failed to employ fording places to cross White Oak Swamp Creek, attempting for hours to rebuild a bridge, which limited his involvement to an ineffectual artillery duel and a missed opportunity to intervene decisively at the
1544:, but Jackson's own performance in those battles is generally considered to be poor. He arrived late at Mechanicsville and inexplicably ordered his men to bivouac for the night within clear earshot of the battle. He was late at
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states that "Jackson was fanatical in his Presbyterian faith, and it energized his military thought and character. Theology was the only subject he genuinely enjoyed discussing. His dispatches invariably credited an ever-kind
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Jackson neither apologized for nor spoke in favor of the practice of slavery. He probably opposed the institution. Yet in his mind the Creator had sanctioned slavery, and man had no moral right to challenge its existence. The
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Robertson, pp. 108–10. He left the Army on March 21, 1851, but stayed on the rolls, officially on furlough, for nine months. His resignation took effect formally on February 2, 1852, and he joined the VMI faculty in August
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mistook the group for a Union cavalry force. The sentries shouted "Halt, who goes there?", but fired before evaluating the reply. Frantic shouts by Jackson's staff identifying the party were replied to by Major
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Thomas Jonathan Jackson was a great-grandson of John Jackson (1715/1719–1801) and Elizabeth Cummins (also known as Elizabeth Comings and Elizabeth Needles) (1723–1828). John Jackson was an Irish Protestant from
1660:, in what became a Confederate victory. Just before the battle, Jackson was delighted to receive a letter about the birth of his daughter, Julia Laura Jackson, on November 23. Also before the battle, Maj. Gen.
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instance of Jackson's using a middle initial, although "whether it stood for his father Jonathan's name is not known." All of the other references to this article cite his full name as Thomas Jonathan Jackson.
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Lee wrote to Jackson after learning of his injuries, stating: "Could I have directed events, I would have chosen for the good of the country to be disabled in your stead." Jackson died of complications from
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suggests that Jackson was "a Christian soldier in every sense of the word". According to Robertson, Jackson "thought of the war as a religious crusade", and "viewed himself as an Old Testament warrior—like
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on June 17, 1861. Jackson continued to wear a blue Union Army uniform up to this point, having only access to his old VMI major's jacket, and would not be issued with a gray Confederate uniform until 1862.
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General "Stonewall" Jackson was badly wounded in the arm at the battles of Chancellorsville, and had his arm amputated. Jackson initially appeared to be healing, but he died from pneumonia on May 10, 1863.
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1891:, wrote a passage in his war memoirs about Jackson eating lemons: "Where Jackson got his lemons 'no fellow could find out,' but he was rarely without one." However, recent research by his biographer,
1929:." According to Sears, "this fanatical religiosity had drawbacks. It warped Jackson's judgment of men, leading to poor appointments; it was said he preferred good Presbyterians to good soldiers."
1262:'s brigades while they were under heavy pressure. Those who subscribe to this opinion believe that Bee's statement was meant to be pejorative: "Look at Jackson standing there like a stone wall!"
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1876:(1860) although with little evidence of success. Jackson also suffered a significant hearing loss in both of his ears as a result of his prior service in the U.S. Army as an artillery officer.
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The military reputations of Lee's corps commanders are often characterized as Stonewall Jackson representing the audacious, offensive component of Lee's army, whereas his counterpart,
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2162:'s Stonewall Jackson State Park is named in his honor. Nearby, at Stonewall Jackson's historical childhood home, his uncle's grist mill is the centerpiece of a historical site at the
1388:'s army threatened the Shenandoah Valley. Jackson was ordered by Richmond to operate in the Valley to defeat Banks's threat and prevent McDowell's troops from reinforcing McClellan.
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1907:, suggested that "It was the fear of God which made him so fearless of all else." Jackson himself had said, "My religious belief teaches me to feel as safe in battle as in bed."
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later remembered that Jackson's peers at West Point had said of Jackson, "If the course had been one year longer he would have graduated at the head of his class".
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Federal soldiers were captured without a shot fired, the rest were driven into a full rout. Jackson pursued back toward the center of the Federal line until dusk.
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1745:. Thomas Chandler, the owner, offered the use of his home for Jackson's treatment, but Jackson suggested using Chandler's plantation office building instead.
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small division, Jackson increased his army to 17,000 men. He was still significantly outnumbered, but attacked portions of his divided enemy individually at
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2148:", Jackson has been commemorated in numerous ways, including with statues, currency, and postage. A poem penned during the war soon became a popular song, "
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Cummins Jackson was strict with Thomas, who looked up to Cummins as a schoolteacher. Jackson helped around the farm, tending sheep with the assistance of a
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1614:(Second Manassas), Pope launched repeated assaults against Jackson as Longstreet and the remainder of the army marched north to reach the battlefield.
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1493:". He became the most celebrated soldier in the Confederacy (until he was eventually eclipsed by Lee) and lifted the morale of the Southern public.
1177:, prior to Virginia fully augmenting into forces of the Confederacy. After Jackson protested such a low rank, the Virginia Governor appointed him a
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2632:"Was Stonewall Jackson born in Parkersburg? – NewsandSentinel.com | News, Sports, Jobs, Community Information – Parkersburg News and Sentinel"
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Before the armies camped for winter, Jackson's Second Corps held off a strong Union assault against the right flank of the Confederate line at the
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General Jackson's "Chancellorsville" portrait, taken at a Spotsylvania County farm on April 26, 1863, seven days before he was wounded at the
1004:. In addition to working together on the VMI faculty, Preston taught Sunday School with Jackson and served on his staff during the Civil War.
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1851:. One of his many nicknames was "Old Blue Lights", a term applied to a military man whose evangelical zeal burned with the intensity of the
1212:. Jackson became known for his relentless drilling of his troops; he believed discipline was vital to success on the battlefield. Following
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Jackson was disliked as a teacher, with his students nicknaming him "Tom Fool", believing that Jackson "could never be anything more than a
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after 1787. While the men were in the Army, Elizabeth converted their home to a haven, "Jackson's Fort", for refugees from Indian attacks.
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1681:, the Army of Northern Virginia was faced with a serious threat by the Army of the Potomac and its new commanding general, Major General
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to report with the VMI cadet corps to Richmond and await further orders. Upon arrival, Jackson was appointed a Major of Engineers in the
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3123:, vol. 1, p. 82; Robertson, p. 264. McPherson, p. 342, reports the quotation after "stone wall" as being "Rally around the Virginians!"
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ordered Colonel Jackson to take command at Harpers Ferry, where he would assemble and command the unit which later gained fame as the "
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961:. Jackson and French disagreed often, and filed numerous complaints against each other. Jackson stayed in Florida less than a year.
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Repairing the "March of Mars": The Civil War diaries of John Samuel Apperson, hospital steward in the Stonewall Brigade, 1861–1865
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651:, Ireland. While living in London, England, he was convicted of the capital crime of larceny for stealing ÂŁ170; the judge at the
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Historical marker marking the end of Gen. Stonewall Jackson's pursuit of the Federals after the Battle of McDowell, May 12, 1862
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at Harrison's Landing, essentially a retreat that ended the Peninsula Campaign and prolonged the war almost three more years.
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fame) prayed next to two portraits of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson, whom he assumed were God and Jesus. He once told
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His last words, "Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees" were the inspiration for the title of
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in the European Theater of Operations in World War II when he was killed in action in August 1944; his personal aircraft,
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Regardless of the controversy and the delay in relieving Bee, Jackson's brigade, which would thenceforth be known as the
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The Stonewall Brigade, Dedicated to the Memory of Stonewall Jackson, the Immortal Southern Hero, and His Brave Veterans
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As their mother's health continued to fail, Jackson and his sister Laura Ann were sent to live with their half-uncle,
671:. Although they were sent to different locations in Maryland for their bond service, the couple married in July 1755.
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3225:"Origin of the Movement Around Pope's Army of Virginia, August 1862 by Michael Collie. Retrieved September 27, 2017
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Robertson, pp. 9–16. Robertson refers to multiple bachelor uncles in residence at the mill, but does not name them.
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626:. After Jackson's death, his military exploits developed a legendary quality, becoming an important element of the
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Lower right photograph of trees shattered by artillery shells near where Jackson was shot on the Orange Plank Road
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that occurred in 1863, although it was probably more of a grass-roots movement than a top-down revival. Jackson
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Robert H. Patton, The Pattons: A Personal History of an American Family (New York: Crown Publishers, 1994), 90.
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A recurring story concerns Jackson's love of lemons, which he allegedly gnawed whole to alleviate symptoms of
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and with an expression, as if of relief, 'Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees.'
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on May 31 and June 1. After the Valley Campaign ended in mid-June, Jackson and his troops were called to join
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981:(VMI). He became Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy, or Physics, and Instructor of Artillery.
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of the war until his death. Military historians regard him as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in
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before-death-on-maryland Stonewall Jackson Original Letter as Lieutenant General, Near Fredericksburg, 1863
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3144:. There are additional controversies about what Bee said and whether he said anything at all. See Freeman,
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1200:", consisting of the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 27th, and 33rd Virginia Infantry regiments. These units were from the
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He performed exceptionally well in various campaigns over the next two years. On May 2, 1863, Jackson was
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4146:"Washington National Cathedral to remove stained glass windows honoring Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson"
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Jackson's grandson and great-grandson, both namesakes, Thomas Jonathan Jackson Christian (1888–1952) and
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Eichelberger – Intrepidity, Iron Will, And Intellect: General Robert L. Eichelberger And Military Genius
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Many theorists through the years have postulated that if Jackson had lived, Lee might have prevailed at
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by Richard Blake (review no. 799). Retrieved December 24, 2011, at www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/799
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The Encyclopaedia Britannica : a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information
1466:. If both forces could converge at Strasburg, Jackson's only escape route up the Valley would be cut.
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notes that "no place existed in his Sunday schedule for labor, newspapers, or secular conversation".
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was unveiled on October 11, 1919, in Richmond, Virginia. It was removed on July 1, 2020, during the
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After the war, Jackson was briefly assigned to units in New York, and later to Florida during the
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This article is about the Confederate general. For the country music artist of the same name, see
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After the war, Jackson's wife and young daughter Julia moved from Lexington to North Carolina.
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During a training exercise in Virginia by U.S. Marines in 1921, the Marine commander, General
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Calamity at Chancellorsville: The Wounding and Death of Confederate General Stonewall Jackson
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Samaritan Medical Center (September 2008). "Stonewall Jackson and the Henderson Hydropath".
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The Last Days of Stonewall Jackson: The Mortal Wounding of the Confederacy's Greatest Icon
1664:, Lee's dashing and well-dressed cavalry commander, presented to Jackson a fine general's
690:. They began to acquire large parcels of virgin farming land near the present-day town of
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First lieutenant Thomas J. Jackson sometime after West Point graduation in the late 1840s
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2733:"Register of Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy Class of 1846"
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in July, providing crucial reinforcements and beating back a fierce Union assault. Thus
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The plantation office building where Stonewall Jackson died in Guinea Station, Virginia
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on October 16. Major Jackson was placed in command of the artillery, consisting of two
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embarrassing Union defeat at First Bull Run, fought on roughly the same battleground.
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4006:"Virginia Senate votes to eliminate Lee-Jackson Day, create new Election Day holiday"
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I Rode with Stonewall: The War Experiences of the Youngest Member of Jackson's Staff
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Georgia boys with "Stonewall" Jackson: James Thomas Thompson and the Walton Infantry
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General James Longstreet: The Confederacy's Most Controversial Soldier: A Biography
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4068:"UPDATE: Crews on scene preparing for removal of Jackson statue on Monument Avenue"
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to provide an additional military presence at the hanging of militant abolitionist
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667:. John and Elizabeth met on board and were in love by the time the ship arrived at
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4490:. "Through a Glass, Darkly: How the Christian Right is Reimagining U.S. History."
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1806:, (now preserved at the Fredericksburg National Battlefield) in the Wilderness of
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Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War
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Jackson reading the Bible in a Confederate camp in a stained glass window of the
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The Colonel Lewis T. Moore house, which served as the Winchester Headquarters of
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In the spring of 1851, Jackson accepted a newly created teaching position at the
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4427:. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
3970:"Thomas Jonathan Christian Jackson Christian Jr: American Air Museum in Britain"
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amputated Jackson's left arm, and Jackson was moved to Fairfield plantation at
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Fitzhugh Lee, address to the Association of the Army of Northern Virginia, 1879
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Details on John Jackson's larceny trial in the Court Records of the Old Bailey
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1185:. Jackson then became a drill master for some of the many new recruits in the
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Jackson's troops served well under Lee in the series of battles known as the
1529:, Jackson and his forces made a surprise appearance in front of McClellan at
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1856, a group of alumni attempted to have Jackson removed from his position.
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3543:"True Courage: A Memorial Sermon for General Thomas J. "Stone-wall Jackson"
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2699:"Laura Jackson Arnold: Sister of General Thomas Jonathan Stonewall Jackon"
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As Jackson and his staff were returning to camp on May 2, sentries of the
1055:
812:. In his later years at Jackson's Mill, Thomas served as a schoolteacher.
9149:
9054:
8974:
8734:
8689:
7140:
6178:
6158:
5721:
5051:
4342:
4201:
3678:"The Great Harvest: Revival in the Confederate Army during the Civil War"
2254:
1943:
800:
4805:
4401:
4225:
Searching for Stonewall Jackson: A Quest for Legacy in a Divided America
3447:
Evangelicals in the Royal Navy, 1775–1815: Blue Lights and Psalm-Singers
2051:. Certainly Jackson's discipline and tactical sense were sorely missed.
1384:'s large corps was poised to hit Richmond from the north, and Maj. Gen.
969:
9109:
8899:
8779:
8679:
8523:
7398:
7160:
6361:
6356:
4376:. Louisville, Ky. : Prentice Press, Courier-Journal job Print. Co.
4357:
The 1900 version has an introduction by Field Marshal Viscount Wolseley
2574:. Jackson Hole: Jackson Hole Historical Society and Museum. p. 17.
2019:
1818:"William, I have lost my right arm", and, "I'm bleeding at the heart."
1665:
1638:
1149:
1079:
652:
541:. He played a prominent role in nearly all military engagements in the
435:
4686:
Rebel Yell: The Violence, Passion, and Redemption of Stonewall Jackson
2809:
Rebel Yell: The Violence, Passion, and Redemption of Stonewall Jackson
1769:
Dr. McGuire wrote an account of Jackson's final hours and last words:
1246:
Jackson rose to prominence and earned his most famous nickname at the
8959:
7787:
5970:
3652:
3465:. Franklin Lakes, New Jersey: The Career Press Inc. pp. 187–92.
1880:
1763:
1093:
was from North Carolina, where her father was the first president of
644:
619:
5559:
5282:
4500:
Destruction and Reconstruction: Personal Experiences of the Late War
3614:"Stonewall Jackson biographer says religion drove Civil War general"
2944:. Internet Archive. New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica. p. 110.
1692:
1304:
941:, during which the Americans were attempting to force the remaining
603:
compared him to a "stone wall", which became his enduring nickname.
8859:
7792:
4364:
Inventing Stonewall Jackson: A Civil War Hero in History and Memory
2525:
Inventing Stonewall Jackson: A Civil War Hero in History and Memory
1486:
1469:
After a series of maneuvers, Jackson defeated Frémont's command at
1138:
942:
664:
583:
When Virginia seceded from the United States in May 1861 after the
553:
3891:
Eisenhower Between the Wars: The Making of a General and Statesman
1208:
throughout the first two years of the war, as well as counties in
1046:
was one who treated his servants fairly and humanely at all times.
4781:
Archaeology and Created Memory: Public History in a National Park
2486:
804:
4835:
Virginia Military Institute Archives Stonewall Jackson Resources
4813:
All Things for Good: The Steadfast Fidelity of Stonewall Jackson
3806:
1517:
in defense of the capital. By using a railroad tunnel under the
1161:
In April 1861, after Virginia seceded from the Union and as the
992:
The founder of VMI and one of its first two faculty members was
964:
808:
promised. Once literate, the young slave fled to Canada via the
8590:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
4042:"General Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Equestrian, (sculpture)"
2978:"New Research Sheds Light On Slaves Owned By Stonewall Jackson"
2882:"Stonewall Jackson – Frequently Asked Questions – VMI Archives"
2572:
David E. Jackson: Field Captain of the Rocky Mountain Fur Trade
2241:; Jackson was the only general featured on Confederate currency
1939:
1790:
for the public to mourn, and he was then moved to be buried in
1753:
8666:
3945:
The Chesty Puller Paragon: Leadership Dogma Or Model Doctrine?
3941:
3838:"Stonewall Jackson FAQ – Virginia Military Institute Archives"
2164:
Jackson's Mill Center for Lifelong Learning and State 4-H Camp
1868:, popular in America at that time, visiting establishments at
1864:
sought relief via contemporary practices of his day including
1737:
Jackson was dropped from his stretcher while being evacuated.
1649:, ending the invasion. On October 10, Jackson was promoted to
1412:
to keep Banks' troops in the Valley and McDowell's 30,000-man
1235:
4030:
Virginia General Assembly SB 601 Legal holidays; Election Day
2917:. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: John F. Blair. p. 122.
1935:
1903:
Jackson's religion has often been discussed. His biographer,
1413:
6312:
1133:
on December 2, following his raid on the federal arsenal at
4815:. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House Publishing, 2004.
4093:"Stonewall Jackson removed from Richmond's Monument Avenue"
1066:
While an instructor at VMI in 1853, Thomas Jackson married
5037:
2184:
Beginning in 1904 the Commonwealth of Virginia celebrated
1973:
A portrait of Stonewall Jackson (1864, J. W. King) in the
1481:
on June 8–9. Union forces were withdrawn from the Valley.
4670:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1940.
4652:
Life of Lieut.-Gen. Thomas J. Jackson (Stonewall Jackson)
4636:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008.
4442:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
4274:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2001.
3361:
Stonewall Jackson and religious faith in military command
766:
4173:
Lost Victories: The Military Genius of Stonewall Jackson
3485:
2762:(1st ed.). Longmans, Green and Company. p. 69.
1089:
After a tour of Europe, Jackson married again, in 1857.
9236:
American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
4355:. First published in 1898 by Longman, Greens, and Co. (
3719:. Virginia Center for Civil War Studies. Archived from
3198:. Vol. II. New York: Longmans, Green. p. 17.
4885:
Animated history of the campaigns of Stonewall Jackson
4503:. Nashville, Tennessee: J.S. Sanders & Co., 2001.
4328:. 4 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1934–35.
4250:
The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War
3302:(MS thesis thesis). Iowa State University. p. 6.
2784:"Before He Was 'Stonewall,' Jackson Served in Florida"
2118:
The younger Christian was a colonel in command of the
1826:
reported Jackson's death on May 23, 1863, as follows:
5723:
Frederick County, Virginia, in the American Civil War
4783:. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2000.
3914:
2519:
2517:
2222:
Robert E. Lee, Stonewal Jackson and Stratford Hall,
2130:, was one of the most photographed P-51s in the war.
2024:
General Lee's Last Visit to Stonewall Jackson's Grave
5920:
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park
4634:
Shenandoah 1862: Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign
4066:
Times-Dispatch, MARK ROBINSON Richmond (July 2020).
3786:"Little Sorrel, Connecticut's Confederate War Horse"
3459:
Cartmell, Donald (2001). "The Legend of Stonewall".
3134:
The American Journey: A History of the United States
3011:
Palmer, Brian; Wessler, Seth Freed (December 2018).
2379:
1802:
by Jackson's chaplain (Beverly Tucker Lacy), at the
1565:
1181:
which in May 1861 was augmented to a Colonel in the
564:, graduating in the class of 1846. He served in the
4907:
Guinea Station, the place where Thomas Jackson died
4741:. El Dorado Hills, California: Savas Beatie, 2013.
4726:. El Dorado Hills, California: Savas Beatie, 2013.
4457:
Stonewall Jackson: The Man, The Soldier, The Legend
4290:
Stonewall: A Biography of General Thomas J. Jackson
2599:
2470:
Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend
1074:, was president of Washington College (later named
686:) in 1758. In 1770, they moved farther west to the
537:general and military officer who served during the
4752:
3887:
3479:
2514:
618:to amputation. Weakened by his wounds, he died of
9311:People of West Virginia in the American Civil War
9301:Military personnel from Clarksburg, West Virginia
4614:; Hoge, Moses Drury; Jones, John William (1876).
3259:Foote, Shelby, The Civil War: A Narrative, Vol. 2
2418:List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)
9197:
8276:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
4902:Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters, Winchester, VA
4768:. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House, 2002.
2726:
2724:
2144:As an important element of the ideology of the "
1629:, then hastened to join the rest of the army at
1097:. Her sister, Isabella Morrison, was married to
867:
4977:
4875:Fitzhugh Lee's 1879 address on Chancellorsville
2192:as a replacement holiday, effective July 2020.
1766:on May 10, 1863, eight days after he was shot.
1403:The campaign started with a tactical defeat at
8100:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
4610:
4065:
2860:. Texas A&M University Press. p. 77.
2433:Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials
1376:approached Richmond from the southeast in the
1231:Winchester, Virginia in the American Civil War
8652:
5986:
5707:
5575:
5343:Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia
5298:
4963:
3997:
3981:
3979:
3132:See, for instance, Goldfield, David, et al.,
3010:
2721:
1173:, which was a short lived force commanded by
965:Lexington and the Virginia Military Institute
702:on October 7, 1780; John finished the war as
663:, which departed London in May 1749 with 150
4396:. 4 vols. New York: Century Co., 1884–1888.
4344:Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War
4190:. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2001.
3894:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 98–.
3299:Objective Analysis of Toolmarks in Forensics
3195:Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War
2759:Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War
1621:When Lee decided to invade the North in the
1112:
1050:
738:Thomas's sister Elizabeth (age six) died of
9261:Confederate States Army lieutenant generals
4800:. Philadelphia: G.W. Jacobs and Co., 1909.
4737:Mackowski, Chris, and Kristopher D. White.
3807:"Little Sorrel Buried at VMI July 20, 1997"
2354:in Richmond, Virginia being removed in 2020
1333:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1273:(October 7, 1861) and given command of the
1224:
1125:led a contingent of the VMI Cadet Corps to
953:, a small fort about thirty miles south of
885:. Jackson's unit was directed to report to
759:within the corporate limits of present-day
16:Confederate States Army general (1824–1863)
9296:Military personnel killed by friendly fire
9281:Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees
8659:
8645:
5993:
5979:
5714:
5700:
5582:
5568:
5305:
5291:
4970:
4956:
3988:
3976:
3271:
1204:region of Virginia, where Jackson located
1000:, was the sister of Jackson's first wife,
945:to move west. He was stationed briefly at
918:. It was in Mexico that Jackson first met
560:), Jackson received an appointment to the
42:
4233:arrow-searchable & scrollable preview
4144:Boorstein, Michelle (September 6, 2017).
4143:
3826:Jackson, Mary Anna, Jackson Memoirs, 1895
3188:
3102:
3100:
2830:
2752:
2730:
1989:, discretionary orders that the heights (
1353:Learn how and when to remove this message
823:
288:
6189:Treatment of slaves in the United States
4538:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
4459:. New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1997.
4425:Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era
4366:(Louisiana State University Press, 2011)
4292:. New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1993.
4252:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
4003:
3458:
2948:
2937:
2850:
2527:(Louisiana State University Press, 2011)
2018:
1968:
1909:
1752:
1702:
1691:
1584:
1569:
1394:
1234:
1148:
1117:In November 1859, at the request of the
1082:son on October 22, 1854, experiencing a
1054:
1011:
968:
949:before being named second-in-command at
836:
814:
770:
591:. He distinguished himself commanding a
533:(January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) was a
9246:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
7932:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
6104:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
5945:Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters Museum
5328:Instructor, Virginia Military Institute
4617:Stonewall Jackson: A Military Biography
4574:. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
3942:Major Mickey L. Quintrall USAF (2015).
3568:Stonewall Jackson As Military Commander
2975:
2910:
2811:. New York: Scribner, 2014, pp. 110–18.
2781:
2423:Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters Museum
1037:wrote about Jackson's view on slavery:
727:Thomas Jackson was born in the town of
470: 1853; died 1854)
248:Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia
9198:
7917:Modern display of the Confederate flag
6000:
5777:Battle of Cedar Creek (or Belle Grove)
4867:, Southern Confederacy, May 12, 1863.
4655:. London: James Nisbet and Co., 1866.
4567:
4511:. First published 1879 by D. Appleton.
3714:"Stonewall Jackson: Christian Soldier"
3644:
3489:in Samaritan Medical Center Newsletter
3404:"Stonewall Jackson: Popular Questions"
3295:
3097:
2569:
2428:List of memorials to Stonewall Jackson
2188:; the observance was eliminated, with
2140:List of memorials to Stonewall Jackson
1798:. The arm that was amputated on May 2
1589:Montage of Thomas J. Jackson and staff
1165:broke out, Jackson was ordered by the
1157:T. J. "Stonewall" Jackson (photo 2007)
767:Working and teaching at Jackson's Mill
576:. From 1851 to 1861, he taught at the
421:
9326:United States Military Academy alumni
9291:Military personnel from West Virginia
8640:
8135:
7524:
7088:
6311:
6114:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
6012:
5974:
5695:
5589:
5563:
5312:
5286:
4951:
4758:The Life of General Thomas J. Jackson
4711:, Pelican Publishing Company, 1990,.
4620:. New York: D. Appleton and Company.
4307:Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command
4117:
3708:
3611:
3580:
3565:
2914:In the Footsteps of Stonewall Jackson
2208:2020–2021 United States racial unrest
2186:Jackson's birthday as a state holiday
2113:Thomas Jonathan Jackson Christian Jr.
2014:
1729:18th North Carolina Infantry Regiment
1633:, where they fought McClellan in the
1192:On April 27, 1861, Virginia Governor
852:In 1842, Jackson was accepted to the
729:Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia
622:eight days later. His death proved a
5249:
4386:Battles and Leaders of the Civil War
4309:. 3 vols. New York: Scribner, 1946.
4120:"When Dixie Put Slaves on the Money"
4004:Vozzella, Laura (January 21, 2020).
3357:
2886:Virginia Military Institute Archives
2782:Eiedson, George T. (June 13, 1993).
1915:Prayer in "Stonewall" Jackson's camp
1858:
1331:adding citations to reliable sources
1298:
1059:House owned by Stonewall Jackson in
843:Military career of Stonewall Jackson
674:The family migrated west across the
372:First Battle of Rappahannock Station
48:Portrait by Nathaniel Routzahn, 1862
9331:Virginia Military Institute faculty
8271:Committee on the Conduct of the War
7947:United Daughters of the Confederacy
5492:Stone Mountain Memorial half dollar
4869:Atlanta Historic Newspapers Archive
3675:
2705:. November 29, 2010. Archived from
2370:. The windows were removed in 2017.
2337:Washington-Wilkes Historical Museum
2271:Jackson on an 1863 Confederate loan
2197:Stone Mountain Memorial half-dollar
2100:Across the River and into the Trees
1783:derived from a firearm projectile.
1672:
13:
9241:American people of English descent
8341:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
8136:
7680:impeachment managers investigation
6059:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
5935:Shenandoah Valley Civil War Museum
5798:John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry
4934:April 27, 1861 – October 28, 1861
4930:Commander of the Stonewall Brigade
4766:Stonewall Jackson's Book of Maxims
4560:
4476:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2003.
4416:Southern Historical Society Papers
4210:. New York: Broadway Books, 1998.
4118:Levin, Kevin M. (April 21, 2016).
4034:
3538:
3182:
3054:
2066:"I will be your Jackson." General
1942:—who went into battle to slay the
1781:forensic ballistics identification
1288:
722:
706:and served as a lieutenant of the
624:severe setback for the Confederacy
25:Stonewall Jackson (disambiguation)
14:
9347:
9276:Deaths from pneumonia in Virginia
7766:Reconstruction military districts
6214:Abolitionism in the United States
6169:Plantations in the American South
6084:Origins of the American Civil War
5950:Third Winchester Battlefield Park
4828:
4521:. New York: HarperCollins, 2002.
3612:White, Davin (October 15, 2010).
3314:from the original on May 1, 2019.
2170:, serves as a special campus for
2133:
1981:being left out of key decisions.
1813:Upon hearing of Jackson's death,
1566:Second Bull Run to Fredericksburg
1086:an hour later that proved fatal.
8668:Hall of Fame for Great Americans
8620:
8611:
8610:
7749:Enforcement Act of February 1871
7722:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
5351:
5263:
5262:
5248:
5041:
5036:
5030:
4519:Gettysburg: A Testing of Courage
3190:Henderson, George Francis Robert
3057:"Archibald Alexander Travelogue"
2976:Knadler, Jessie (May 15, 2018).
2754:Henderson, George Francis Robert
2483:The Possible Path of Barnard Bee
2396:
2382:
2359:
2343:
2328:
2313:
2291:
2276:
2264:
2246:
2230:
2215:
2195:Jackson is featured on the 1925
1964:
1841:
1521:and then transporting troops to
1303:
753:James River and Kanawha Turnpike
572:, distinguishing himself at the
512:
8534:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
8396:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
7957:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
5930:Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
4137:
4111:
4085:
4059:
4023:
3962:
3948:. Lucknow Books. pp. 18–.
3935:
3908:
3881:
3872:
3855:
3830:
3819:
3800:
3778:
3769:
3760:
3747:
3738:
3702:
3669:
3638:
3605:
3574:
3559:
3532:
3523:
3514:
3452:
3439:
3418:
3396:
3378:
3351:
3342:
3318:
3289:
3280:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3235:
3219:
3210:
3169:
3160:
3151:
3126:
3113:
3092:West Virginia and the Civil War
3084:
3075:
3048:
3039:
3030:
3004:
2995:
2969:
2960:
2931:
2904:
2874:
2844:
2824:
2814:
2801:
2775:
2766:
2746:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2624:
2590:
2578:
2570:Talbot, Vivian Linford (1996).
2174:and the WVU Extension Service.
2000:
1951:Confederate States Army revival
1804:J. Horace Lacy house, "Ellwood"
1505:toward Richmond stalled at the
487:
467:
7637:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
5940:Stonewall Confederate Cemetery
4858:"Death of 'Stonewall' Jackson"
3921:. Verdun Press. pp. 21–.
3915:Major Matthew H. Fath (2015).
3495:. Vol. 42. Archived from
3296:Grieve, Taylor Nicole (2013).
3013:"The Costs of the Confederacy"
2558:
2549:
2540:
2530:
2492:
2475:
2462:
2449:
2320:Statue of Jackson in downtown
2106:
2078:idolized Jackson, and carried
1788:Governor's Mansion in Richmond
1557:, which was raging nearby. At
1216:on May 24, he was promoted to
854:United States Military Academy
562:United States Military Academy
552:Born in what was then part of
441:United States Military Academy
1:
9271:Deaths by firearm in Virginia
9226:Accidental deaths in Virginia
8052:Ladies' Memorial Associations
7754:Enforcement Act of April 1871
7650:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
7525:
4871:. Digital Library of Georgia.
4849:Shapell Manuscript Foundation
4383:, and Clarence C. Buel, eds.
4347:. New York: Smithmark, 1995.
4161:
3406:. Virginia Military Institute
2502:. Virginia Military Institute
2368:Washington National Cathedral
2166:. The facility, located near
1855:used for night-time display.
1365:In the spring of 1862, Union
1214:raids on the B&O Railroad
1141:manned by twenty-one cadets.
1076:Washington and Lee University
957:. His commanding officer was
868:U.S. Army and the Mexican War
847:
717:
655:sentenced him to seven years
8185:Confederate revolving cannon
7927:Sons of Confederate Veterans
7798:South Carolina riots of 1876
7776:Indian Council at Fort Smith
7727:South Carolina riots of 1876
7692:Knights of the White Camelia
6184:Slavery in the United States
5960:Winchester National Cemetery
4412:"Death of Stonewall Jackson"
4373:Memoirs of Stonewall Jackson
4243:. Grand Central Publishing.
3385:"Death of Stonewall Jackson"
3175:See, for instance, Freeman,
3094:, History Press, 2011, pg.45
2500:"Stonewall Jackson Timeline"
1496:
1433:Edward "Allegheny" Johnson's
1179:Colonel of Virginia Infantry
1171:Provisional Army of Virginia
1144:
1106:the only house he ever owned
783:, who owned a grist mill in
7:
9321:United States Army officers
9286:People with hypochondriasis
8539:New York City riots of 1863
8364:Battle Hymn of the Republic
8115:United Confederate Veterans
7952:Children of the Confederacy
7942:United Confederate Veterans
7937:Southern Historical Society
7089:
6569:Price's Missouri Expedition
6039:Timeline leading to the War
6013:
5757:Battle of Rutherford's Farm
5747:Second Battle of Winchester
4980:Virginia Military Institute
4880:The Stonewall Jackson House
4554:Virginia Military Institute
4370:Jackson, Mary Anna (1895).
4369:
3888:Matthew F. Holland (2001).
3825:
3816:; Robertson, p. 922, n. 16.
3586:"Onward, Christian Soldier"
3566:Selby, John Millin (2000).
3462:The Civil War Book of Lists
2954:
2611:Virginia Military Institute
2375:
2283:Davis, Lee, and Jackson on
1898:
1831:DEATH OF STONEWALL JACKSON.
1810:, near the field hospital.
979:Virginia Military Institute
637:
578:Virginia Military Institute
10:
9352:
9221:19th-century Presbyterians
8950:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
8507:Confederate Secret Service
8095:Grand Army of the Republic
7987:Grand Army of the Republic
7805:Southern Claims Commission
5955:Winchester Medical College
5772:Third Battle of Winchester
5762:Second Battle of Kernstown
5742:First Battle of Winchester
5458:Battle of Chancellorsville
5443:Northern Virginia Campaign
4599:. New York: Morrow, 1959.
4440:Gettysburg – The First Day
4392:December 12, 2008, at the
3861:See, for instance, Sears,
3645:Duewel, Wesley L. (2010).
2607:"Jackson Family Genealogy"
2585:VMI Jackson genealogy site
2352:Stonewall Jackson Monument
2239:Confederate $ 500 banknote
2204:Stonewall Jackson Monument
2137:
1786:His body was moved to the
1698:Battle of Chancellorsville
1679:Battle of Chancellorsville
1599:Northern Virginia Campaign
1292:
1228:
1044:good Christian slaveholder
1007:
840:
733:Parkersburg, West Virginia
696:American Revolutionary War
417:Battle of Chancellorsville
362:Northern Virginia Campaign
345:Battle of Savage's Station
323:First Battle of Winchester
21:Stonewall Jackson (singer)
18:
9256:Army of Northern Virginia
8890:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
8885:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
8675:
8606:
8582:
8495:Confederate States dollar
8467:
8409:
8354:
8306:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
8301:Emancipation Proclamation
8263:
8195:Medal of Honor recipients
8152:
8148:
8131:
8083:Confederate Memorial Hall
8065:
8044:
8002:
7974:
7965:
7885:Confederate Memorial Hall
7858:Confederate History Month
7838:Civil War Discovery Trail
7818:
7739:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
7570:
7545:Reconstruction Amendments
7535:
7531:
7520:
7442:
7311:
7304:
7244:
7108:
7101:
7097:
7084:
7026:
6773:
6766:
6597:
6453:
6412:
6380:
6347:
6340:
6336:
6307:
6204:
6154:Emancipation Proclamation
6122:
6023:
6019:
6008:
5907:
5836:
5820:
5785:
5752:Battle of Snicker's Ferry
5737:First Battle of Kernstown
5729:
5648:
5597:
5541:
5466:
5418:
5393:
5360:
5349:
5333:Colonel, Virginia Militia
5320:
5244:
5236:John Thomas Lewis Preston
5209:
5166:United States v. Virginia
5140:
5110:
5050:
5028:
5000:
4987:
4936:
4927:
4919:
4914:
4890:December 4, 2014, at the
4845:February 1, 2014, at the
4764:Robertson, James I., Jr.
4381:Johnson, Robert Underwood
3812:October 20, 2016, at the
3445:Gareth Atkins, review of
3426:"Stonewall Jackson's Way"
3331:January 15, 2012, at the
2489:. Accessed July 12, 2011.
2390:American Civil War portal
2322:Clarksburg, West Virginia
2307:Charlottesville, Virginia
2042:
1975:National Portrait Gallery
1874:Round Hill, Massachusetts
1643:Army of Northern Virginia
1612:Second Battle of Bull Run
1527:Virginia Central Railroad
1515:Army of Northern Virginia
1113:John Brown raid aftermath
1051:Marriages and family life
1016:Stonewall Jackson in 1855
996:. Preston's second wife,
994:John Thomas Lewis Preston
906:, eventually earning two
508:
500:
446:
434:
382:Second Battle of Bull Run
350:Battle of White Oak Swamp
313:First Battle of Kernstown
308:Jackson's Valley Campaign
256:
235:
205:
188:
163:
144:
128:
108:
84:
61:
53:
41:
34:
9075:William Tecumseh Sherman
8765:George Washington Carver
8569:U.S. Sanitary Commission
8480:Battlefield preservation
8386:Marching Through Georgia
8311:Hampton Roads Conference
8286:Confiscation Act of 1862
8281:Confiscation Act of 1861
8057:U.S. national cemeteries
7863:Confederate Memorial Day
7848:Civil War Trails Program
7717:New Orleans riot of 1866
5869:Frederick W. M. Holliday
5793:Great Train Raid of 1861
5453:Battle of Fredericksburg
5428:First Battle of Manassas
5405:Great Train Raid of 1861
4568:Austin, Aurelia (1967).
4454:Robertson, James I., Jr.
4175:. New York: Holt, 1992,
3788:. ConnecticutHistory.org
3166:Robertson, pp. 263, 268.
2955:Jackson, Mary Anna, 1895
2564:Edward's second son was
2443:
2172:West Virginia University
1748:
1658:Battle of Fredericksburg
1485:rapidly earned them the
1248:First Battle of Bull Run
1225:First Battle of Bull Run
700:Battle of Kings Mountain
597:First Battle of Bull Run
412:Battle of Fredericksburg
367:Battle of Cedar Mountain
286:(First Manassas) (
284:First Battle of Bull Run
279:Battle of Falling Waters
274:Great Train Raid of 1861
227:Lieutenant General (CSA)
23:. For other people, see
9155:John Greenleaf Whittier
8770:William Ellery Channing
8490:Confederate war finance
8110:Southern Cross of Honor
8078:1938 Gettysburg reunion
8073:1913 Gettysburg reunion
7771:Reconstruction Treaties
7744:Enforcement Act of 1870
7627:Freedman's Savings Bank
6244:Lane Debates on Slavery
6069:Lincoln–Douglas debates
5889:Cornelia Peake McDonald
5509:Stonewall Jackson's arm
5503:Stonewall Jackson's Way
5482:Winchester Headquarters
5475:Thomas Jonathan Jackson
4272:Civil War High Commands
4186:Apperson, John Samuel.
4072:Richmond Times-Dispatch
4046:Smithsonian Institution
3753:Pfanz, p. 344; Eicher,
3326:Stonewall Jackson's Arm
3136:, Prentice Hall, 1999,
2938:Chisholm, Hugh (1910).
2911:Johnson, Clint (2002).
2837:A Rebel's Recollections
2596:Talbot, op. cit., p. 18
2335:Bust of Jackson at the
2301:Thomas Jonathan Jackson
2156:is still active today.
2150:Stonewall Jackson's Way
2090:also idolized Jackson.
2086:with him on campaigns.
2074:his Stonewall Jackson.
1959:James I. Robertson, Jr.
1949:Jackson encouraged the
1931:James I. Robertson, Jr.
1893:James I. Robertson, Jr.
1883:(indigestion). General
1450:. He defeated Banks at
1252:Barnard Elliott Bee Jr.
998:Margaret Junkin Preston
959:Major William H. French
601:Barnard Elliott Bee Jr.
589:Confederate States Army
400:Battle of Harpers Ferry
340:Battle of Gaines's Mill
328:Battle of Port Republic
179:Confederate States Army
57:Thomas Jonathan Jackson
9251:American Presbyterians
9140:James McNeill Whistler
9070:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
8985:Matthew Fontaine Maury
8549:Richmond riots of 1863
8475:Baltimore riot of 1861
8255:U.S. Military Railroad
8175:Confederate Home Guard
7907:Historiographic issues
7873:Historical reenactment
6372:Revenue Cutter Service
6239:William Lloyd Garrison
6148:Dred Scott v. Sandford
5915:Belle Grove Plantation
5828:33rd Virginia Infantry
5804:Virginia v. John Brown
5681:33rd Virginia Infantry
5676:27th Virginia Infantry
5385:Battle for Mexico City
4863:July 20, 2011, at the
4853:Jackson genealogy site
4760:. Lippincott & Co.
4709:A Bullet for Stonewall
4550:Jackson genealogy site
4325:R. E. Lee, A Biography
3683:Religion & Liberty
3619:The Charleston Gazette
3358:Hall, Kenneth (2005).
3001:Robertson, pp. 191–92.
2888:. 2001. Archived from
2840:. Putnam. p. 152.
2832:Eggleston, George Cary
2481:Hamner, Christopher. "
2154:Stonewall Brigade Band
2072:Robert L. Eichelberger
2031:
1977:
1918:
1839:
1776:
1758:
1721:
1708:
1700:
1590:
1582:
1400:
1243:
1158:
1063:
1048:
1017:
974:
824:Brother against sister
820:
776:
355:Battle of Malvern Hill
9306:American slave owners
9090:Harriet Beecher Stowe
9060:Franklin D. Roosevelt
8790:James Fenimore Cooper
8750:William Cullen Bryant
8725:Alexander Graham Bell
8514:Great Revival of 1863
8391:Maryland, My Maryland
8180:Confederate railroads
7843:Civil War Roundtables
7712:Meridian riot of 1871
7707:Memphis riots of 1866
6264:George Luther Stearns
6249:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
6142:Crittenden Compromise
5786:Raids and expeditions
5666:5th Virginia Infantry
5661:4th Virginia Infantry
5656:2nd Virginia Infantry
5615:Charles Sidney Winder
5421:battles and campaigns
5398:raids and expeditions
5380:Battle of Chapultepec
3994:Horwitz, 1999, p. 232
3985:Farwell, 1993, p. 513
3726:on September 28, 2013
3148:, vol. 1, pp. 733–34.
3063:on September 14, 2005
2634:. NewsandSentinel.com
2237:Portrait on the 1864
2022:
1972:
1913:
1828:
1800:was buried separately
1771:
1756:
1710:
1706:
1695:
1588:
1573:
1507:Battle of Seven Pines
1398:
1293:Further information:
1241:Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau
1238:
1152:
1068:Elinor "Ellie" Junkin
1058:
1039:
1015:
972:
927:Battle of Chapultepec
837:Early military career
818:
774:
587:, Jackson joined the
585:Battle of Fort Sumter
574:Battle of Chapultepec
318:Battle of Front Royal
189:Years of service
9120:Booker T. Washington
9030:Alice Freeman Palmer
9010:William T. G. Morton
8955:James Russell Lowell
8401:Daar kom die Alibama
8316:National Union Party
7992:memorials to Lincoln
7912:Lost Cause mythology
7617:Eufaula riot of 1874
7605:Confederate refugees
6818:District of Columbia
6445:Union naval blockade
6291:Underground Railroad
6079:Nullification crisis
5767:Battle of Berryville
5362:Mexican–American War
5231:Francis Henney Smith
5201:Clubs and activities
4811:Wilkins, J. Steven.
4691:Simon & Schuster
4666:Douglas, Henry Kyd.
3286:McGuire, pp. 162–63.
3017:Smithsonian Magazine
2892:on December 31, 2006
2709:on December 23, 2010
2703:Civil War Women Blog
2566:David Edward Jackson
2468:James I. Robertson,
2088:Alexander Vandegrift
2084:biography of Jackson
2064:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1957:the Sunday Sabbath.
1631:Sharpsburg, Maryland
1519:Blue Ridge Mountains
1423:By adding Maj. Gen.
1327:improve this section
1167:Governor of Virginia
1119:governor of Virginia
883:Mexican–American War
810:Underground Railroad
680:Moorefield, Virginia
676:Blue Ridge Mountains
657:penal transportation
570:Mexican–American War
264:Mexican–American War
98:Clarksburg, Virginia
9135:George Westinghouse
9105:Henry David Thoreau
9015:John Lothrop Motley
8990:Albert A. Michelson
8870:Nathaniel Hawthorne
8820:Ralph Waldo Emerson
8805:James Buchanan Eads
8559:Supreme Court cases
8326:Radical Republicans
8105:Old soldiers' homes
8089:Confederate Veteran
8015:artworks in Capitol
7734:Reconstruction acts
7595:Colfax riot of 1873
6559:Richmond-Petersburg
6164:Fugitive slave laws
6094:Popular sovereignty
6074:Missouri Compromise
6064:Kansas-Nebraska Act
5375:Battle of Contreras
5092:Cormack Field House
4992:Lexington, Virginia
4515:Trudeau, Noah Andre
4422:McPherson, James M.
4340:Henderson, G. F. R.
4321:Freeman, Douglas S.
4304:Freeman, Douglas S.
4207:A Walk in the Woods
4151:The Washington Post
2555:Robertson, pp. 2–3.
2546:Robertson, pp. 1–2.
2487:Teachinghistory.org
2120:361st Fighter Group
1905:Robert Lewis Dabney
1887:, son of President
1849:Presbyterian Church
1796:Lexington, Virginia
1574:Jackson and Little
1374:Army of the Potomac
1370:George B. McClellan
1239:General Jackson by
1031:learning disability
894:and the battles of
669:Annapolis, Maryland
388:Battle of Chantilly
138:Lexington, Virginia
9065:Theodore Roosevelt
9005:Samuel F. B. Morse
8865:Alexander Hamilton
8810:Thomas Alva Edison
8720:Henry Ward Beecher
8705:John James Audubon
8380:A Lincoln Portrait
8321:Politicians killed
8245:U.S. Balloon Corps
8240:Union corps badges
8020:memorials to Davis
7890:Disenfranchisement
7761:Reconstruction era
7642:Timber Culture Act
7600:Compromise of 1877
6564:Franklin–Nashville
6234:Frederick Douglass
6137:Cornerstone Speech
6054:Compromise of 1850
6002:American Civil War
5908:Places and tourism
5610:Richard B. Garnett
5438:Seven Days Battles
5419:American Civil War
5395:American Civil War
5160:Admission of women
5097:Gray–Minor Stadium
4940:Richard B. Garnett
4754:Randolph, Sarah N.
4722:Lively, Mathew W.
4595:Chambers, Lenoir.
3775:Robertson, p. 230.
3766:Robertson, p. 499.
3744:Robertson, p. xiv.
3710:Robertson, James I
3591:The New York Times
3584:(March 16, 1997).
3348:Robertson, p. 746.
3324:Sorensen, James. "
3308:20.500.12876/27203
3250:Robertson, p. 630.
3241:Robertson, p. 645.
3230:Archie P. McDonald
3179:, vol. 2, p. 247.
3157:McPherson, p. 342.
3081:Robertson, p. 157.
3045:Robertson, p. 191.
2966:Robertson, p. 169.
2852:Vandiver, Frank E.
2587:; Robertson, p. 4.
2224:Army Issue of 1936
2054:As a boy, General
2032:
2015:Mourning his death
1978:
1919:
1792:Oak Grove Cemetery
1759:
1709:
1701:
1651:lieutenant general
1635:Battle of Antietam
1591:
1583:
1555:Battle of Glendale
1542:Seven Days Battles
1503:Peninsula Campaign
1401:
1386:Nathaniel P. Banks
1378:Peninsula Campaign
1256:Joseph E. Johnston
1244:
1163:American Civil War
1159:
1104:Jackson purchased
1099:Daniel Harvey Hill
1091:Mary Anna Morrison
1064:
1018:
975:
935:Second Interbellum
874:United States Army
872:Jackson began his
862:Daniel Harvey Hill
821:
787:(near present-day
777:
698:, fighting in the
649:County Londonderry
566:United States Army
539:American Civil War
405:Battle of Antietam
335:Seven Days Battles
269:American Civil War
173:United States Army
155:Confederate States
134:Oak Grove Cemetery
9316:Stonewall Brigade
9231:American amputees
9206:Stonewall Jackson
9193:
9192:
9125:George Washington
9080:John Philip Sousa
8915:Thomas J. Jackson
8905:Washington Irving
8850:William C. Gorgas
8835:Benjamin Franklin
8800:Charlotte Cushman
8685:John Quincy Adams
8634:
8633:
8602:
8601:
8598:
8597:
8432:Italian Americans
8417:African Americans
8374:John Brown's Body
8127:
8126:
8123:
8122:
8040:
8039:
7878:Robert E. Lee Day
7622:Freedmen's Bureau
7585:Brooks–Baxter War
7516:
7515:
7512:
7511:
7508:
7507:
7300:
7299:
7080:
7079:
7076:
7075:
7072:
7071:
6489:Northern Virginia
6435:Trans-Mississippi
6408:
6407:
6303:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6195:Uncle Tom's Cabin
6132:African Americans
5968:
5967:
5879:Mary Greenhow Lee
5874:Stonewall Jackson
5812:Romney Expedition
5689:
5688:
5625:Andrew J. Grigsby
5620:William S. Baylor
5605:Stonewall Jackson
5591:Stonewall Brigade
5557:
5556:
5532:Stonewall Jackson
5448:Maryland Campaign
5410:Romney Expedition
5370:Siege of Veracruz
5338:Stonewall Brigade
5314:Stonewall Jackson
5280:
5279:
5226:Stonewall Jackson
5017:Academic Programs
5012:Academic Rankings
4946:
4945:
4937:Succeeded by
4915:Military offices
4797:Stonewall Jackson
4789:978-0-306-46177-4
4779:Shackel, Paul A.
4747:978-1-61121-150-4
4732:978-1-61121-138-2
4699:978-1-4516-7328-9
4642:978-0-8078-3200-4
4612:Cooke, John Esten
4597:Stonewall Jackson
4544:978-0-671-70921-1
4527:978-0-06-019363-8
4497:Taylor, Richard.
4482:978-0-395-86761-7
4471:Sears, Stephen W.
4448:978-0-8078-2624-9
4433:978-0-19-503863-7
4362:Hettle, Wallace.
4334:978-0-684-15485-5
4315:978-0-684-85979-8
4298:978-0-393-31086-3
4280:978-0-8047-3641-1
4258:978-0-684-84944-7
4241:Publishers Weekly
4181:978-0-8050-1830-1
3955:978-1-78625-075-9
3928:978-1-78625-238-8
3901:978-0-275-96340-8
3626:on April 12, 2013
3582:Sears, Stephen W.
3540:Dabney, Robert L.
3529:Robertson, p. xi.
3502:on August 7, 2020
3339:, April/May 2005.
3337:American Heritage
3277:Robertson, p. 739
3268:Apperson, p. 430.
3146:Lee's Lieutenants
3121:Lee's Lieutenants
3055:Isbell, Sherman.
2772:Robertson, p. 69.
2688:Robertson, p. 17.
2670:Robertson, p. 10.
2438:Stonewall Brigade
2412:William B. Ebbert
2068:Douglas MacArthur
2036:Mary Anna Jackson
1955:strictly observed
1859:Physical ailments
1623:Maryland Campaign
1448:Robert C. Schenck
1439:, defeating both
1363:
1362:
1355:
1267:Stonewall Brigade
1260:Francis S. Bartow
1218:brigadier general
1202:Shenandoah Valley
1198:Stonewall Brigade
1023:Mary Anna Jackson
973:Stonewall Jackson
908:brevet promotions
892:Siege of Veracruz
878:second lieutenant
763:, West Virginia.
630:ideology of the "
608:accidentally shot
520:
519:
479:Mary Anna Jackson
395:Maryland Campaign
384:(Second Manassas)
301:Battle of Hancock
296:Romney Expedition
243:Stonewall Brigade
36:Stonewall Jackson
9343:
8965:Edward MacDowell
8920:Thomas Jefferson
8855:Ulysses S. Grant
8815:Jonathan Edwards
8785:Grover Cleveland
8700:Susan B. Anthony
8661:
8654:
8647:
8638:
8637:
8624:
8614:
8613:
8437:Native Americans
8422:German Americans
8215:Partisan rangers
8210:Official Records
8150:
8149:
8133:
8132:
8025:memorials to Lee
7972:
7971:
7533:
7532:
7522:
7521:
7309:
7308:
7106:
7105:
7099:
7098:
7086:
7085:
7059:Washington, D.C.
6853:Indian Territory
6813:Dakota Territory
6771:
6770:
6688:Chancellorsville
6479:Jackson's Valley
6469:Blockade runners
6345:
6344:
6338:
6337:
6309:
6308:
6269:Thaddeus Stevens
6259:Lysander Spooner
6219:Susan B. Anthony
6021:
6020:
6010:
6009:
5995:
5988:
5981:
5972:
5971:
5859:John A. Copeland
5716:
5709:
5702:
5693:
5692:
5630:Elisha F. Paxton
5584:
5577:
5570:
5561:
5560:
5355:
5307:
5300:
5293:
5284:
5283:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5258:
5252:
5251:
5213:
5143:
5114:
5054:
5045:
5040:
5034:
5022:Military Service
5004:
4993:
4981:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4949:
4948:
4920:Preceded by
4912:
4911:
4794:White, Henry A.
4761:
4632:Cozzens, Peter.
4629:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4494:, December 2006.
4438:Pfanz, Harry W.
4377:
4247:Eicher, David J.
4169:Alexander, Bevin
4156:
4155:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4063:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4038:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3986:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3870:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3834:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3782:
3776:
3773:
3767:
3764:
3758:
3751:
3745:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3725:
3718:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3622:. Archived from
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3547:
3536:
3530:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3494:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3456:
3450:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3400:
3394:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3355:
3349:
3346:
3340:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3293:
3287:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3269:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3233:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3186:
3180:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3149:
3130:
3124:
3117:
3111:
3104:
3095:
3090:Snell, Mark A.,
3088:
3082:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3059:. Archived from
3052:
3046:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2958:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2857:Mighty Stonewall
2848:
2842:
2841:
2828:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2788:Orlando Sentinel
2779:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2728:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2680:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2662:
2661:Robertson, p. 8.
2659:
2653:
2652:Robertson, p. 7.
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2523:Wallace Hettle,
2521:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2496:
2490:
2479:
2473:
2466:
2460:
2453:
2406:
2404:Biography portal
2401:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2363:
2347:
2332:
2317:
2295:
2280:
2268:
2250:
2234:
2219:
2095:Ernest Hemingway
2080:George Henderson
1987:Richard S. Ewell
1922:Stephen W. Sears
1870:Oswego, New York
1719:
1673:Chancellorsville
1645:back across the
1608:Army of Virginia
1595:James Longstreet
1546:Savage's Station
1444:Robert H. Milroy
1425:Richard S. Ewell
1358:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1338:
1307:
1299:
1210:western Virginia
1206:his headquarters
1187:Confederate Army
1183:Confederate Army
1095:Davidson College
1070:, whose father,
916:first lieutenant
708:Virginia militia
628:pseudohistorical
516:
491:
489:
471:
469:
423:
377:Manassas Station
290:
213:First Lieutenant
165:
115:
95:January 21, 1824
94:
92:
46:
32:
31:
9351:
9350:
9346:
9345:
9344:
9342:
9341:
9340:
9196:
9195:
9194:
9189:
9165:Frances Willard
9100:Sylvanus Thayer
9050:Edgar Allan Poe
9035:Francis Parkman
8945:Abraham Lincoln
8925:John Paul Jones
8845:Josiah W. Gibbs
8760:Andrew Carnegie
8745:Phillips Brooks
8710:George Bancroft
8671:
8665:
8635:
8630:
8594:
8578:
8463:
8427:Irish Americans
8405:
8350:
8259:
8250:U.S. Home Guard
8190:Field artillery
8144:
8143:
8119:
8061:
8036:
7998:
7967:
7961:
7853:Civil War Trust
7820:
7814:
7702:Ethnic violence
7687:Kirk–Holden war
7566:
7527:
7504:
7438:
7296:
7240:
7093:
7068:
7022:
6775:
6762:
6593:
6574:Sherman's March
6554:Bermuda Hundred
6449:
6404:
6376:
6332:
6331:
6295:
6254:J. Sella Martin
6224:James G. Birney
6200:
6118:
6044:Bleeding Kansas
6032:
6015:
6004:
5999:
5969:
5964:
5903:
5849:Nathaniel Banks
5832:
5816:
5781:
5725:
5720:
5690:
5685:
5644:
5635:James A. Walker
5593:
5588:
5558:
5553:
5549:Lee–Jackson Day
5537:
5497:Monument Avenue
5462:
5433:Valley Campaign
5420:
5414:
5397:
5389:
5356:
5347:
5316:
5311:
5281:
5276:
5268:
5254:
5240:
5211:
5205:
5141:
5136:
5112:
5106:
5052:
5046:
5035:
5026:
5002:
4996:
4991:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4942:
4933:
4925:
4892:Wayback Machine
4865:Wayback Machine
4847:Wayback Machine
4831:
4826:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4563:
4561:Further reading
4558:
4533:Wert, Jeffry D.
4408:McGuire, Hunter
4394:Wayback Machine
4268:David J. Eicher
4264:Eicher, John H.
4164:
4159:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4124:The Daily Beast
4116:
4112:
4102:
4100:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4064:
4060:
4050:
4048:
4040:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4012:
4010:Washington Post
4002:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3977:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3940:
3936:
3929:
3913:
3909:
3902:
3886:
3882:
3877:
3873:
3860:
3856:
3846:
3844:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3824:
3820:
3814:Wayback Machine
3805:
3801:
3791:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3752:
3748:
3743:
3739:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3716:
3707:
3703:
3693:
3691:
3676:Summers, Mark.
3674:
3670:
3663:
3655:. p. 128.
3643:
3639:
3629:
3627:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3594:
3579:
3575:
3564:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3484:
3480:
3473:
3457:
3453:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3409:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3383:
3379:
3372:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3333:Wayback Machine
3323:
3319:
3294:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3224:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3187:
3183:
3174:
3170:
3165:
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3156:
3152:
3131:
3127:
3118:
3114:
3105:
3098:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3076:
3066:
3064:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3009:
3005:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2984:
2974:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2953:
2949:
2936:
2932:
2925:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2849:
2845:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2815:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2751:
2747:
2737:
2735:
2731:George Cullum.
2729:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2615:
2613:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2531:
2522:
2515:
2505:
2503:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2480:
2476:
2467:
2463:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2402:
2397:
2395:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2355:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2324:
2318:
2309:
2296:
2287:
2281:
2272:
2269:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2235:
2226:
2220:
2142:
2136:
2109:
2045:
2017:
2003:
1967:
1901:
1861:
1844:
1823:Harper's Weekly
1751:
1720:
1717:
1675:
1662:J. E. B. Stuart
1625:, Jackson took
1568:
1550:White Oak Swamp
1499:
1473:and Brig. Gen.
1460:John C. Frémont
1410:Abraham Lincoln
1359:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1324:
1308:
1297:
1295:Valley Campaign
1291:
1289:Valley Campaign
1275:Valley District
1233:
1227:
1147:
1115:
1053:
1035:James Robertson
1010:
967:
870:
850:
845:
839:
831:Harrison County
826:
781:Cummins Jackson
769:
725:
723:Early childhood
720:
678:to settle near
640:
610:by Confederate
543:Eastern theater
523:Thomas Jonathan
496:
493:
490: 1857)
485:
481:
473:
465:
461:
458:
430:
252:
231:
201:
198:1861–1863 (CSA)
195:1846–1852 (USA)
184:
159:
140:
136:
117:
113:
96:
90:
88:
80:
49:
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9349:
9339:
9338:
9336:Stone Mountain
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9191:
9190:
9188:
9187:
9182:
9180:Orville Wright
9177:
9175:Woodrow Wilson
9172:
9170:Roger Williams
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9130:Daniel Webster
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9095:Gilbert Stuart
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9040:George Peabody
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8995:Maria Mitchell
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8910:Andrew Jackson
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8830:Stephen Foster
8827:
8825:David Farragut
8822:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8755:Luther Burbank
8752:
8747:
8742:
8740:Louis Brandeis
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8676:
8673:
8672:
8664:
8663:
8656:
8649:
8641:
8632:
8631:
8629:
8628:
8618:
8607:
8604:
8603:
8600:
8599:
8596:
8595:
8593:
8592:
8586:
8584:
8580:
8579:
8577:
8576:
8574:Women soldiers
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8531:
8529:Naming the war
8526:
8521:
8516:
8511:
8510:
8509:
8499:
8498:
8497:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8471:
8469:
8465:
8464:
8462:
8461:
8460:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8413:
8411:
8407:
8406:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8360:
8358:
8352:
8351:
8349:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8267:
8265:
8261:
8260:
8258:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8165:Campaign Medal
8162:
8156:
8154:
8146:
8145:
8142:
8141:
8140:Related topics
8137:
8129:
8128:
8125:
8124:
8121:
8120:
8118:
8117:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8097:
8092:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8069:
8067:
8063:
8062:
8060:
8059:
8054:
8048:
8046:
8042:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8029:
8028:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8006:
8004:
8000:
7999:
7997:
7996:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7978:
7976:
7969:
7963:
7962:
7960:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7887:
7882:
7881:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7868:Decoration Day
7865:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7845:
7840:
7835:
7824:
7822:
7821:Reconstruction
7816:
7815:
7813:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7801:
7800:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7779:
7778:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7731:
7730:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7675:second inquiry
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7647:
7646:
7645:
7639:
7632:Homestead Acts
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7613:
7612:
7602:
7597:
7592:
7587:
7582:
7580:Alabama Claims
7576:
7574:
7572:Reconstruction
7568:
7567:
7565:
7564:
7563:
7562:
7560:15th Amendment
7557:
7555:14th Amendment
7552:
7550:13th Amendment
7541:
7539:
7529:
7528:
7518:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7505:
7503:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7446:
7444:
7440:
7439:
7437:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7315:
7313:
7306:
7302:
7301:
7298:
7297:
7295:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7181:J. E. Johnston
7178:
7176:A. S. Johnston
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7116:R. H. Anderson
7112:
7110:
7103:
7095:
7094:
7082:
7081:
7078:
7077:
7074:
7073:
7070:
7069:
7067:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7030:
7028:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6978:South Carolina
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6953:North Carolina
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6779:
6777:
6768:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6678:Fredericksburg
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6618:Wilson's Creek
6615:
6610:
6604:
6602:
6595:
6594:
6592:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6460:
6458:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6430:Lower Seaboard
6427:
6422:
6416:
6414:
6410:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6386:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6353:
6351:
6342:
6334:
6333:
6330:
6329:
6326:
6323:
6320:
6317:
6313:
6305:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6293:
6288:
6286:Harriet Tubman
6283:
6282:
6281:
6274:Charles Sumner
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6210:
6208:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6128:
6126:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6116:
6111:
6109:States' rights
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6030:
6024:
6017:
6016:
6006:
6005:
5998:
5997:
5990:
5983:
5975:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5911:
5909:
5905:
5904:
5902:
5901:
5899:Richard Parker
5896:
5894:Hunter McGuire
5891:
5886:
5884:James M. Mason
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5840:
5838:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5830:
5824:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5726:
5719:
5718:
5711:
5704:
5696:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5587:
5586:
5579:
5572:
5564:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5527:
5519:
5511:
5506:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5487:Stone Mountain
5484:
5479:
5470:
5468:
5467:Historic items
5464:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5424:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5310:
5309:
5302:
5295:
5287:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5274:
5260:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5217:
5215:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5171:
5170:
5169:
5157:
5152:
5146:
5144:
5138:
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4829:External links
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4705:King, Benjamin
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4099:. July 1, 2020
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3393:, May 23, 1863
3390:Harpers Weekly
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2179:Smedley Butler
2138:Main article:
2135:
2134:Commemorations
2132:
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2105:
2097:'s 1950 novel
2044:
2041:
2028:Louis Eckhardt
2026:, painting by
2016:
2013:
2002:
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1963:
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1889:Zachary Taylor
1885:Richard Taylor
1860:
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1743:Guinea Station
1739:Hunter McGuire
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1578:, painting by
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1531:Mechanicsville
1523:Hanover County
1498:
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1431:and Maj. Gen.
1418:Fredericksburg
1382:Irvin McDowell
1361:
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1229:Main article:
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1123:William Gilham
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887:General Taylor
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841:Main article:
838:
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785:Jackson's Mill
775:Jackson's Mill
768:
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757:Fayette County
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614:. He lost his
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116:(aged 39)
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8980:John Marshall
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8336:Union Leagues
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8235:Turning point
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8205:Naval battles
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7993:
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7968:and memorials
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7828:Commemoration
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7695:
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7690:
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7676:
7673:
7671:
7670:first inquiry
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7590:Carpetbaggers
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7019:
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7013:West Virginia
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
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6999:
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6933:New Hampshire
6931:
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6919:
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6914:
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6906:
6904:
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6899:
6896:
6894:
6893:Massachusetts
6891:
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6879:
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6659:
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6633:Hampton Roads
6631:
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6624:
6623:Fort Donelson
6621:
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6519:Morgan's Raid
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6464:Anaconda Plan
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6440:Pacific Coast
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6393:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6379:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6350:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6318:
6315:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6209:
6207:
6203:
6197:
6196:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6174:Positive good
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6121:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6089:Panic of 1857
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6049:Border states
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6018:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5996:
5991:
5989:
5984:
5982:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5906:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5864:Shields Green
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5835:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5819:
5813:
5810:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5800:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5717:
5712:
5710:
5705:
5703:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5641:
5640:William Terry
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5580:
5578:
5573:
5571:
5566:
5565:
5562:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5417:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5308:
5303:
5301:
5296:
5294:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5273:
5271:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5247:
5246:
5243:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5208:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5109:
5103:
5102:Patchin Field
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5033:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5005:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4986:
4982:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4961:
4959:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4941:
4932:
4931:
4924:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4822:
4821:1-58182-225-1
4818:
4814:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4798:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4774:1-58182-296-0
4771:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4682:Gwynne, S. C.
4680:
4677:
4676:0-8078-0337-5
4673:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4648:Dabney, R. L.
4646:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4583:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4509:1-879941-21-X
4506:
4502:
4501:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4488:Sharlet, Jeff
4486:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4465:0-02-864685-1
4462:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4368:
4365:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4353:0-8317-3288-1
4350:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:. Reviews at
4234:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4216:0-7679-0251-3
4213:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4196:0-86554-779-3
4193:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4140:
4125:
4121:
4114:
4098:
4094:
4088:
4073:
4069:
4062:
4047:
4043:
4037:
4031:
4026:
4011:
4007:
4000:
3991:
3982:
3980:
3971:
3965:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3946:
3938:
3930:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3911:
3903:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3884:
3875:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3827:
3822:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3803:
3792:September 12,
3787:
3781:
3772:
3763:
3756:
3755:Longest Night
3750:
3741:
3722:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3649:
3641:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3608:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3577:
3570:. p. 25.
3569:
3562:
3544:
3541:
3535:
3526:
3520:Taylor, p. 50
3517:
3498:
3491:
3490:
3482:
3474:
3472:1-56414-504-2
3468:
3464:
3463:
3455:
3448:
3442:
3427:
3421:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3373:
3367:
3364:. McFarland.
3363:
3362:
3354:
3345:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3292:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3247:
3238:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3216:Wert, p. 206.
3213:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3185:
3178:
3172:
3163:
3154:
3147:
3143:
3142:0-13-088243-7
3139:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3116:
3109:
3108:High Commands
3103:
3101:
3093:
3087:
3078:
3062:
3058:
3051:
3042:
3036:Jackson, 152.
3033:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2998:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2943:
2942:
2934:
2926:
2924:0-89587-244-7
2920:
2916:
2915:
2907:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2869:
2867:9780890963913
2863:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2749:
2734:
2727:
2725:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2638:September 12,
2633:
2627:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2593:
2586:
2581:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2552:
2543:
2533:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2501:
2495:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2465:
2458:
2457:High Commands
2452:
2448:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2394:
2391:
2380:
2369:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2294:
2289:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2160:West Virginia
2157:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2124:P-51 Mustangs
2121:
2116:
2114:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2076:Chesty Puller
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2056:George Patton
2052:
2050:
2040:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2012:
2011:VMI Museum.)
2009:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1991:Cemetery Hill
1988:
1982:
1976:
1971:
1965:Command style
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1842:Personal life
1835:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1815:Robert E. Lee
1811:
1809:
1808:Orange County
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1755:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1734:John D. Barry
1730:
1725:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1683:Joseph Hooker
1680:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:Potomac River
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1627:Harpers Ferry
1624:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1587:
1581:
1580:David Bendann
1577:
1572:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:Robert E. Lee
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1479:Port Republic
1476:
1475:James Shields
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1357:
1354:
1346:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1312:This section
1310:
1306:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1271:major general
1268:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:Robert E. Lee
1172:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1151:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1135:Harpers Ferry
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1072:George Junkin
1069:
1062:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1014:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
990:
987:
982:
980:
971:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
939:Seminole Wars
936:
931:
928:
923:
921:
920:Robert E. Lee
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
884:
879:
875:
865:
863:
859:
855:
844:
834:
832:
817:
813:
811:
806:
802:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
773:
764:
762:
758:
754:
748:
744:
741:
740:typhoid fever
736:
734:
730:
715:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
688:Tygart Valley
685:
684:West Virginia
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
558:West Virginia
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
480:
475:
457:
452:
451:
449:
445:
442:
439:
437:
433:
424:
418:
415:
413:
410:
406:
403:
401:
398:
397:
396:
393:
389:
386:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
364:
363:
360:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
336:
333:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
302:
299:
298:
297:
294:
291:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
259:
255:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
238:
234:
228:
225:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
208:
204:
197:
194:
193:
191:
187:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
168:
162:
156:
153:
151:United States
150:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
124:
120:
111:
107:
103:
102:West Virginia
99:
87:
83:
76:
73:
70:
67:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
26:
22:
9160:Emma Willard
9145:Walt Whitman
9115:Lillian Wald
9085:Joseph Story
9045:William Penn
9025:Thomas Paine
9000:James Monroe
8914:
8895:Mark Hopkins
8875:Joseph Henry
8795:Peter Cooper
8775:Rufus Choate
8730:Daniel Boone
8715:Clara Barton
8485:Bibliography
8468:Other topics
8410:By ethnicity
8378:
8331:Trent Affair
8230:Signal Corps
8087:
7810:White League
7697:Ku Klux Klan
7610:Confederados
7537:Constitution
7409:D. D. Porter
7262:Breckinridge
7170:
6973:Rhode Island
6968:Pennsylvania
6723:Spotsylvania
6683:Stones River
6663:2nd Bull Run
6613:1st Bull Run
6499:Stones River
6400:Marine Corps
6367:Marine Corps
6206:Abolitionism
6193:
6146:
5925:Fort Collier
5873:
5854:Watson Brown
5844:Turner Ashby
5802:
5604:
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5523:
5515:
5474:
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5269:
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5181:Student life
5173:
5164:
5087:Cameron Hall
5077:Men's Soccer
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4684:
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4587:February 20,
4585:. Retrieved
4570:
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4205:
4202:Bryson, Bill
4187:
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4139:
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4123:
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4096:
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4071:
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4036:
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4009:
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3780:
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3740:
3730:February 26,
3728:. Retrieved
3721:the original
3704:
3694:February 26,
3692:. Retrieved
3687:
3681:
3671:
3648:Revival Fire
3647:
3640:
3630:February 26,
3628:. Retrieved
3624:the original
3617:
3607:
3597:February 26,
3595:. Retrieved
3589:
3576:
3567:
3561:
3551:February 26,
3549:. Retrieved
3534:
3525:
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3506:December 13,
3504:. Retrieved
3497:the original
3488:
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3454:
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3431:December 24,
3429:. Retrieved
3420:
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3065:. Retrieved
3061:the original
3050:
3041:
3032:
3020:. Retrieved
3016:
3006:
2997:
2985:. Retrieved
2982:www.wvtf.org
2981:
2971:
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2940:
2933:
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2906:
2896:September 7,
2894:. Retrieved
2890:the original
2885:
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2826:
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2808:
2803:
2791:. Retrieved
2787:
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2748:
2736:. Retrieved
2711:. Retrieved
2707:the original
2702:
2693:
2684:
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2648:
2636:. Retrieved
2626:
2616:September 4,
2614:. Retrieved
2610:
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2560:
2551:
2542:
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2524:
2506:December 11,
2504:. Retrieved
2494:
2477:
2469:
2464:
2456:
2451:
2305:in downtown
2300:
2257:
2201:
2194:
2190:Election Day
2183:
2176:
2158:
2143:
2127:
2117:
2110:
2098:
2092:
2060:World War II
2053:
2046:
2033:
2023:
2004:
2001:Horsemanship
1983:
1979:
1948:
1920:
1914:
1902:
1878:
1866:hydrotherapy
1862:
1845:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1820:
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1760:
1726:
1722:
1711:
1687:Fitzhugh Lee
1676:
1655:
1620:
1616:
1592:
1559:Malvern Hill
1539:
1501:McClellan's
1500:
1491:foot cavalry
1483:
1468:
1464:Harrisonburg
1422:
1402:
1390:
1380:. Maj. Gen.
1364:
1349:
1340:
1325:Please help
1313:
1279:headquarters
1264:
1245:
1194:John Letcher
1191:
1160:
1127:Charles Town
1116:
1103:
1088:
1065:
1040:
1027:
1019:
991:
983:
976:
932:
924:
912:regular army
876:career as a
871:
851:
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798:
793:Lewis County
778:
749:
745:
737:
726:
712:
673:
660:
641:
605:
582:
551:
547:U.S. history
530:
526:
522:
521:
257:Battles/wars
114:(1863-05-10)
112:May 10, 1863
29:
9216:1863 deaths
9211:1824 births
9150:Eli Whitney
9055:Walter Reed
8975:Horace Mann
8735:Edwin Booth
8690:Jane Addams
8291:Copperheads
8003:Confederate
7895:Black Codes
7221:E. K. Smith
7102:Confederate
7049:New Orleans
7044:Chattanooga
6908:Mississippi
6808:Connecticut
6776:territories
6767:Involvement
6728:Cold Harbor
6718:Fort Pillow
6708:Chattanooga
6703:Chickamauga
6653:Seven Pines
6643:New Orleans
6608:Fort Sumter
6549:Valley 1864
6382:Confederacy
6179:Slave Power
6159:Fire-Eaters
5477:(sculpture)
4229:Description
4015:January 23,
3842:www.vmi.edu
3022:December 5,
2738:November 1,
2255:sheet music
2107:Descendants
1995:Culp's Hill
1944:Philistines
1872:(1850) and
1535:James River
1462:to move to
1452:Front Royal
1441:Brig. Gens.
925:During the
904:Mexico City
900:Chapultepec
568:during the
535:Confederate
222:Major (USA)
62:Nickname(s)
9200:Categories
9110:Mark Twain
8930:James Kent
8900:Elias Howe
8780:Henry Clay
8680:John Adams
8524:Juneteenth
8045:Cemeteries
7922:Red Shirts
7833:Centennial
7783:Red Shirts
7191:Longstreet
7121:Beauregard
7064:Winchester
7039:Charleston
7008:Washington
6943:New Mexico
6938:New Jersey
6798:California
6774:States and
6758:Five Forks
6743:Mobile Bay
6713:Wilderness
6693:Gettysburg
6673:Perryville
6658:Seven Days
6589:Appomattox
6514:Gettysburg
6474:New Mexico
6341:Combatants
6316:Combatants
6229:John Brown
5598:Leadership
5321:Leadership
5196:Honor code
5191:Traditions
5122:VMI Campus
5067:Basketball
4717:0882897683
4474:Gettysburg
4418:14 (1886).
4162:References
4129:August 24,
4103:August 22,
3867:Lost Cause
3863:Gettysburg
3847:January 5,
2146:Lost Cause
2049:Gettysburg
1927:Providence
1853:blue light
1666:frock coat
1639:A. P. Hill
1489:nickname "
1487:oxymoronic
1471:Cross Keys
1456:Winchester
1343:April 2017
1283:Winchester
1131:John Brown
1084:hemorrhage
951:Fort Meade
947:Fort Casey
910:, and the
858:West Point
848:West Point
718:Early life
714:children.
692:Buckhannon
661:Litchfield
653:Old Bailey
632:Lost Cause
436:Alma mater
145:Allegiance
91:1824-01-21
54:Birth name
8960:Mary Lyon
8670:inductees
8502:Espionage
8296:Diplomacy
8264:Political
8220:POW camps
7966:Monuments
7793:Scalawags
7788:Redeemers
7526:Aftermath
7475:Pinkerton
7414:Rosecrans
7379:McClellan
7282:Memminger
7018:Wisconsin
6983:Tennessee
6903:Minnesota
6878:Louisiana
6753:Nashville
6698:Vicksburg
6628:Pea Ridge
6579:Carolinas
6534:Red River
6529:Knoxville
6509:Tullahoma
6504:Vicksburg
6484:Peninsula
6456:campaigns
6322:Campaigns
6099:Secession
5649:Regiments
5530:USS
5524:Stonewall
5522:USS
5516:Stonewall
5175:The Cadet
5082:Wrestling
5053:Athletics
5003:Academics
4661:457442354
4605:186539122
4227:, 2019.
3653:Zondervan
3204:793450187
3119:Freeman,
3110:, p. 316.
2793:August 8,
2303:sculpture
2253:The 1863
1881:dyspepsia
1764:pneumonia
1604:John Pope
1497:Peninsula
1427:'s large
1405:Kernstown
1367:Maj. Gen.
1314:does not
1145:Civil War
1139:howitzers
1080:stillborn
1061:Lexington
943:Seminoles
896:Contreras
645:Coleraine
620:pneumonia
527:Stonewall
509:Signature
447:Spouse(s)
68:Stonewall
8860:Asa Gray
8616:Category
8457:Seminole
8447:Cherokee
8200:Medicine
8153:Military
8066:Veterans
7900:Jim Crow
7665:timeline
7460:Ericsson
7443:Civilian
7424:Sheridan
7384:McDowell
7344:Farragut
7329:Burnside
7319:Anderson
7312:Military
7292:Stephens
7252:Benjamin
7245:Civilian
7131:Buchanan
7109:Military
7054:Richmond
7003:Virginia
6948:New York
6923:Nebraska
6913:Missouri
6898:Michigan
6888:Maryland
6873:Kentucky
6848:Illinois
6823:Delaware
6803:Colorado
6788:Arkansas
6748:Franklin
6668:Antietam
6539:Overland
6494:Maryland
6413:Theaters
6319:Theaters
5270:Category
5155:Students
5127:Barracks
5072:Baseball
5062:Football
4888:Archived
4861:Archived
4843:Archived
4756:(1876).
4693:, 2014.
4390:Archived
3810:Archived
3329:Archived
3312:Archived
3192:(1903).
3177:R.E. Lee
3106:Eicher,
2854:(1989).
2834:(1875).
2756:(1898).
2713:June 24,
2455:Eicher,
2376:See also
2008:chestnut
1899:Religion
1716:—
1437:McDowell
1429:division
1155:Lt. Gen.
1121:, Major
986:martinet
914:rank of
829:divided
801:sheepdog
665:convicts
638:Ancestry
616:left arm
556:(now in
554:Virginia
501:Children
236:Commands
164:Service/
123:Virginia
77:Tom Fool
71:Old Jack
8583:Related
8452:Choctaw
8442:Catawba
8225:Rations
8170:Cavalry
8032:Removal
7660:efforts
7644:of 1873
7490:Stevens
7485:Stanton
7470:Lincoln
7429:Sherman
7364:Halleck
7354:Frémont
7339:Du Pont
7277:Mallory
7236:Wheeler
7171:Jackson
7151:Forrest
7091:Leaders
7034:Atlanta
6998:Vermont
6918:Montana
6858:Indiana
6833:Georgia
6828:Florida
6793:Arizona
6783:Alabama
6733:Atlanta
6648:Corinth
6600:battles
6544:Atlanta
6524:Bristoe
6425:Western
6420:Eastern
6325:Battles
6124:Slavery
6028:Origins
6014:Origins
5730:Battles
5542:Related
5256:Commons
5186:Ratline
5132:History
4806:3911913
4492:Harpers
4402:2048818
4097:AP NEWS
4077:July 1,
4051:July 1,
2987:July 1,
2957:, p. 78
2472:(1997).
2152:". The
2122:flying
2070:called
1677:At the
1525:on the
1335:removed
1320:sources
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1008:Slavery
937:of the
704:captain
612:pickets
595:at the
593:brigade
531:Jackson
492:
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8626:Portal
8564:Tokens
7500:Welles
7480:Seward
7465:Hamlin
7434:Thomas
7369:Hooker
7334:Butler
7287:Seddon
7272:Hunter
7257:Bocock
7231:Taylor
7226:Stuart
7216:Semmes
7196:Morgan
7156:Gorgas
7136:Cooper
7027:Cities
6963:Oregon
6928:Nevada
6868:Kansas
6838:Hawaii
6738:Crater
6638:Shiloh
6598:Major
6584:Mobile
6454:Major
6328:States
6279:Caning
5837:People
5221:Alumni
5212:People
5150:Triads
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2030:, 1872
1940:Joshua
1917:, 1866
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1002:Elinor
902:, and
805:slaves
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761:Ansted
219:Brevet
166:branch
129:Buried
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8356:Music
7975:Union
7819:Post-
7655:trial
7455:Chase
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7211:Price
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7146:Ewell
7141:Early
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6988:Texas
6883:Maine
6843:Idaho
6349:Union
5821:Units
4231:and
3724:(PDF)
3717:(PDF)
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3500:(PDF)
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2821:1851.
2444:Notes
1936:David
1749:Death
1602:Gen.
1548:. At
1416:near
1414:corps
955:Tampa
682:(now
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215:(USA)
181:(CSA)
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7982:List
7495:Wade
7404:Pope
7374:Hunt
7206:Polk
7166:Hood
7161:Hill
6993:Utah
6958:Ohio
6863:Iowa
6395:Navy
6390:Army
6362:Navy
6357:Army
5670:Band
5514:CSS
5142:Life
4817:ISBN
4802:OCLC
4785:ISBN
4770:ISBN
4743:ISBN
4728:ISBN
4713:ISBN
4695:ISBN
4672:ISBN
4657:OCLC
4638:ISBN
4622:OCLC
4601:OCLC
4589:2018
4576:ISBN
4540:ISBN
4523:ISBN
4505:ISBN
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4444:ISBN
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4398:OCLC
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4330:ISBN
4311:ISBN
4294:ISBN
4276:ISBN
4254:ISBN
4212:ISBN
4192:ISBN
4177:ISBN
4131:2023
4105:2020
4079:2020
4053:2020
4017:2020
3950:ISBN
3923:ISBN
3896:ISBN
3849:2020
3794:2013
3732:2013
3696:2013
3657:ISBN
3632:2013
3599:2013
3553:2013
3508:2009
3467:ISBN
3433:2011
3412:2009
3366:ISBN
3228:and
3200:OCLC
3138:ISBN
3069:2008
3024:2018
2989:2020
2919:ISBN
2898:2015
2862:ISBN
2795:2016
2740:2014
2715:2015
2640:2013
2618:2018
2508:2023
2350:The
2298:The
2058:(of
1993:and
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