State atheism - Knowledge

7692:, p. 311: "The Soviets moved quickly against the Russian Orthodox Church in 1918. Most church lands became the property of the state, but the state refused to pay the salaries of the clergy. Education was taken out of the church's hands, and the state legally recognized only civil marriages. Many church leaders responded by supporting the anti-revolutionaries and tsarists. Thousands of priests and monks perished in the civil war and subsequent repression. In 1929, Stalin instituted harsher measures against religion. The state strictly controlled the publication of religious books, including the Bible. Confirmed Christians could not teach in schools or join the Communist party. The erection of new church buildings was forbidden and many former church buildings were desecrated or used to promote anti-Christian propaganda. For slightly more than a decade, the week officially contained only six days because the Christian Sabbath had been simply removed .... the Stalinist campaign against religion was directed against Jews and Muslims as well, particularly in the southern Soviet republics. As many as ninety percent of the churches, mosques, and synagogues that had been in existence in 1917 had been forcibly closed, converted, or destroyed by 1940." 7153:: "Although the historical underlying incentives that accompanied the establishment of a secular state may have been characterized by criticism of certain religious doctrines or practices, presently a state of secularity in itself does not necessarily reflect value judgements about religion. In other words, state secularism does not come down to an official rejection of religion. State secularism denotes an intention on the part of the state to not affiliate itself with religion, to not consider itself a priori bound by religious principles (unless they are reformulated into secular state laws) and to not seek to justify its actions by invoking religion. Such a state of secularity denotes official impartiality in matters of religion rather than official irreligiosity. By contrast, secularism as a philosophical notion can indeed be construed as an ideological defense of the secular cause, which might include criticism of or scepticism towards religion. Thus, states that are 'ideologically secular' and that declare secular world-views the official state doctrine give evidence, explicitly or by implication, of judgements about the value of religion within society. Most versions of state communism, for instance, embrace Marxist criticism of religion." 6881:, p. 183: "In Eastern Europe the end of the world war produced radically different outcomes as Soviet-installed regimes introduced strict controls on the churches and other religious bodies and the state atheism which had been pioneered in Russia after the Bolshevik takeover in 1917 was imposed. ... By 1970 however, as Table 12.1 indicates, all 22 countries of Central and Eastern Europe which lay behind the Iron Curtain could be designated Atheistic de jure, committed in Barrett's terms to 'formally promoting irreligion'. This meant typically that while the state was ostensibly separated from all religions and churches, it was also 'linked for ideological reasons with irreligion and opposed on principle to all religion', claiming the right 'to oppose religion by discrimination, obstruction or even suppression' (Barrett 1982: 96). Separation in these states meant exclusion from public life and the cutting-off of most of the resources required for religion to flourish; it emphatically did not mean that the state was debarred from interfering in the field of religious provision — rather that, as in Turkey, the state and its organs should exert maximum control and surveillance." 6844:: "State Atheism is the name given to the incorporation of positive atheism or non-theism into political regimes, particularly associated with Soviet systems. State Atheisms have tended to be as much anti-clerical and anti-religious as they are anti-theist, and typically place heavy restrictions on acts of religious organization and the practice of religion. State Atheist regimes are sometimes seen as examples of political secularism because they entail a nonreligious form of government; these regimes are even sometimes described as 'radically secularist'. However, where political secularism is understood as political neutrality towards religion or religions, or even political neutrality towards any worldview or existential culture including not only theist but also atheist examples, State Atheism is considered non-secular." 7650:: "The League's Central Council in Moscow published its own newspaper, Bezbozhnik (The Godless), several other Russian-language journals, and propaganda materials in many other languages of the Soviet Union. Antireligious pamphlets and posters were printed in large numbers. The League's far-flung network of cells and councils sponsored lectures, organized demonstrations, and actively propagandized against religious observance. Leading Bolshevik figures gave speeches at the League's national congress in 1929, at which the League officially became "Militant." The Communist Party, the Komsomol, the trade unions, the Red Army, and Soviet schools all conducted antireligious propaganda, but the League was the organizational centerpiece of this effort to bring atheism to the masses." 6869:: "As we look elsewhere around the world, the dynamics of secularization and religionization are even more complex. The largest-scale experiments in secularization — state atheisms — have had mixed outcomes. In the former Soviet Union, as in China, Communist 'scientific: 'militant', or 'practical' atheism has unquestionably had some secularizing effect overall. But the story—or history—does not end there. As the former Soviet countries illustrate, long-term effects of the experiment are uneven. It took hold more profoundly in, for example, eastern Germany or the Czech Republic than in Poland. Armenia, Lithuania, Azerbaijan, or Uzbekistan, among others (Froese 2004; see Irena Borowik, Branko Ana& and Radoslaw Tyrala's 'Central and Eastern Europe)." 8817:: "No religion could benefit substantially from the conditions that obtained in the GDR. Antireligious regulations and the official promotion of an exclusive, socialist-inspired atheism devastated religion. The percentage of those without any religious affiliation grew from 7.6 percent of the population in 1950 to more than 60 percent in 1986....Clearly, communist antipathy toward religion and the repression of religious organizations must have played a role in the rapid and dramatic abandonment of religion. But what contribution did atheism make to this development? In the GDR the weakening of the churches and their accommodation to communism was influential, but apparently so was the success of scientific atheism as a competitor to religion." 8368:: "In the journal Hsien-tai Fo-hsueh (Modern Buddhism), September 1959, there appeared a long article entitled "Lun Tsung-chiao Hsin-yang Tzu-yu" ("A Discussion Concerning Freedom of Religious Belief"), by Ya Han-chang, which was originally published in the official Communist ideological journal Hung Ch'i (Red Flag), 1959, No. 14. Appearing as it did in Red Flag it is justifiable to conclude that the views expressed in it represented the accepted Communist attitude toward religion. In this article, Ya wrote that the basic policy of the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Republic of China is to "recognise that everyone has the freedom to believe in a religion, and also that everyone has the freedom not to believe in a religion." 4457: 5941:, which strived to eliminate religion by mandating "socialist education", which "in addition to removing all religious doctrine" would "combat fanaticism and prejudices", "build in the youth a rational and exact concept of the universe and of social life". In 1946, socialist education provisions were removed from the constitution and new laws promoted secular education. Between 1926 and 1934 at least 40 priests were killed. Where there were 4,500 priests operating within the country before the War, in 1934 there were only 334 priests licensed by the government to serve fifteen million people, the rest having been killed, exiled or not obtaining licenses. In 1935, 17 states had no registered priests. 7375:: "The Soviet policy of state atheism (gosateizm), albeit inconsistently applied, remains a major goal of official ideology. Massive state resources have been expended not only to prevent the implanting of religious belief in nonbelievers but also to eradicate "prerevolutionary remnants" already existing. The regime is not merely passively committed to a godless polity but takes an aggressive stance of official forced atheization. Thus a major task of the police apparatus is the persecution of forms of religious practice. Not surprisingly, the Committee for State Security (KGB) is reported to have a division dealing specifically with "churchmen and sectarians." 5115:

the production, distribution, or storage of religious literature", which meant that individuals caught with Bibles, Qurans, icons, or other religious objects faced long prison sentences. A new decree that in effect targeted Albanians with Muslim and Christian names, stipulating that citizens whose names did not conform to "the political, ideological, or moral standards of the state" were to change them. It was also decreed that towns and villages with religious names must be renamed. Hoxha's brutal antireligious campaign succeeded in eradicating formal worship, but some Albanians continued to practice their faith clandestinely, risking severe punishment.

6043:"protects theistic, non-theistic and atheistic beliefs, as well as the right not to profess any religion or belief." The committee further stated that "the freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief necessarily entails the freedom to choose a religion or belief, including the right to replace one's current religion or belief with another or to adopt atheistic views." Signatories to the convention are barred from "the use of threat of physical force or penal sanctions to compel believers or non-believers" to recant their beliefs or convert. Despite this, as of 2009 minority religions were still being persecuted in many parts of the world. 9513:, pp. 165–166, : "A type of state-religion identification that in essence boils down to an antireligious regime, a regime which officially rejects the concept of religion altogether, can be considered, in itself, at odd with principles of human rights law , in particular to freedom of religion or belief and the equality principle. History has seen,some regimes which attempted to ban all religious activity (communist Albania for instance)...It is submitted that a state that establishes itself as an 'atheistic state" breaches the non-discrimination principle for similar reasons that were advanced with respect to religious states..." 5464:. This fact is due to the traditional Chinese belief system which blends Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, so a person who follows a traditional belief system would not exclusively identify as a Buddhist or a Taoist, even though he or she would attend Buddhist or Taoist places of worship. According to Peter Ng, Professor of the Department of Religion at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, as of 2002, 95% of Chinese were religious in some way if religion is believed to include traditional folk practices such as burning incense for gods or ancestors at life-cycle or seasonal festivals, fortune telling and related customary practices. 7137:, p. 120, State-Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law : Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance: "A constitutional declaration of secularity means, first and foremost, that the state does not wish to invoke religion as a justification for its authority, actions and decisions. It must be emphasized that proclamations of secularity, both historically and presently, in the majority of cases denote official impartiality in matters of religion rather than official 'irreligiosity'. Secular states in that respect should certainly not be confused with declared atheist or anti religious states. " 4561: 4418: 6978:: "There have been only a few comparative analyses of atheism carried out in the CEE region. One of the few attempts of this kind is that undertaken by Sinita Zrinkak (see 2004). Comparing different types of generational responses to atheism in several CEE countries, on the basis of studies carried out in these countries and based on data from the EVS, he distinguishes three groups of countries in the region. The first group comprises countries in which state atheism had the most severe consequences... This group includes such countries as Estonia, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Bulgaria." 4522: 4470: 4328: 4626: 4574: 4548: 4652: 4509: 5950: 5929:. Calles, however, in violation of its terms did not abide by the truce and he had approximately 500 Cristero leaders and 5,000 other Cristeros shot, frequently in their homes in front of their spouses and children. Particularly offensive to Catholics after the supposed truce was Calles' insistence on a state monopoly on education, suppressing Catholic education and introducing socialist education in its place: "We must enter and take possession of the mind of childhood, the mind of youth." Persecutions continued as Calles maintained control under the 4613: 4405: 4866:. The Communist Party engaged in diverse activities such as destroying places of worship, executing religious leaders, flooding schools and media with anti-religious propaganda, and propagated "scientific atheism". It sought to make religion disappear by various means. Thus, the USSR became the first state to have as one objective of its official ideology the elimination of the existing religion, and the prevention of the future implanting of religious belief, with the goal of establishing state atheism ( 4392: 7293:: "As an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view, 'scientific atheism' is grounded in the view of the world and of Man enshrined in dialectical and historical materialism: The study of scientific atheism brings to light an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view. Being a philosophical science, scientific atheism emanates from the basic tenets of dialectical and historical materialism, both in explaining the origin of religion, and its scientific criticism of . (ibid., p. 272.)" 4839: 4817: 4639: 5199: 4431: 20: 17770: 4359: 5665:

Freedom stated that assessing the situation in North Korea is challenging, but reports which state that DPRK officials repress religious activities have surfaced, including reports which state that the government forms and controls religious organizations in an attempt to restrict the performance of religious activities. In 2004, the Human Rights Overview reported that North Korea remains one of the most repressive governments, with isolation and disregard for

4483: 15662: 7172:: "As Table 2 indicates along its horizontal dimension, according to the attributions based on these criteria, in 1980, out of 35 European territories listed, only five could be coded as secular in the sense that the 'State is secular, promoting neither religion nor irreligion' and nine were deemed Atheistic. On the other hand, 21 states or governments were found to be committed in one way or another to the support of religion and/or religious institutions." 1553: 4535: 4732:", simultaneously "the sigh of" and a source of moral agency of the "oppressed creature" against their suffering. To Marx, religion was not the ideological expression of those in power, and he did not see it needing abolishing. Instead, he saw the communist state as creating conditions where the consolation provided by religion would not be needed. In the Marxist–Leninist interpretation of Marxist theory, developed primarily by Russian revolutionary 4216:, which opposes religious institutional power and influence in all aspects of public and political life, including the involvement of religion in the everyday life of the citizen. In some instances, religious symbols and public practices that were once held by religions were replaced with secularized versions of them. State atheism in these cases is considered as not being politically neutral toward religion, and therefore it is often considered non- 13725: 17746: 1565: 4600: 4444: 4372: 5883: 4496: 2184: 4587: 4341: 1577: 5387:. Unregistered religious groups face varying degrees of harassment. The constitution permits what is called "normal religious activities," so long as they do not involve the use of religion to "engage in activities that disrupt social order, impair the health of citizens or interfere with the educational system of the state. Religious organizations and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign dominance." 15672: 5998:. The new revolutionary authorities suppressed the Church, abolished the Catholic monarchy, nationalized Church property, exiled 30,000 priests, and killed hundreds more. In October 1793, the Christian calendar was replaced with one reckoned from the date of the Revolution, and Festivals of Liberty, Reason, and the Supreme Being were scheduled. New forms of moral religion emerged, including the 7413:: "Atheists waged a 70-year war on religious belief in the Soviet Union. The Communist Party destroyed churches, mosques, and temples; it executed religious leaders; it flooded the schools and media with anti-religious propaganda; and it introduced a belief system called "scientific atheism," complete with atheist rituals, proselytizers, and a promise of worldly salvation." 7032:: "The North Korea government not only imposed state-sanctioned atheism, it also mandated a totalitarian personality worship of Kim II Sung and Kim Jong II. This meant that the regime combined traditional Communist persecution of religion with a state-mandated faith we associate with Iranian mullahs or the Taliban. Thus "enemies of the state" are also treated as heretics." 8273::"Pol Pot's Cambodia perpetrated genocide against several ethnic groups, systematically dispersed national minorities by force, and forbade the use of minority and foreign languages. It also banned the practice of religion. The Khmer Rouge repressed Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism, but its fiercest extermination campaign was directed at the ethnic Cham Muslim minority." 6959:: "After the communist revolution of 1949, the People's Republic of China adopted a policy of official state atheism. Based on Marxist thinking that religion is class exploitation and false consciousness, the communist regime suppressed religion, "re-educated" believers and religious leaders, and destroyed religious buildings or converted them to non-religious uses." 7118:"Normas Jurídicas: Constitución de La República de Cuba - Entre otras materias, Declara al Estado laico, consagra la libertad de conciencia y reconoce igualdad de derechos y deberes de instituciones religiosas y asociaciones fraternales: Proclamada en la Segunda Sesión Extraordinaria de la IX Legislatura de la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular, el 10/04/2019" 6516:: "Yet the revolutionary leaders managed to score progress toward making the country a rationalized nation-state, as shown in table 5-3. Revolts continued to plague Mexico, some due to continuing rivalries among the leaders. The bloody Cristero Revolt (1926-29), however, was fought by devout peasants against an atheist state." 6926:: "In this model, atheism is a state doctrine. Instead, it is regarded as an official state policy, aiming to eradicate all sympathy for religious ideas, and the idea that God exists in particular. The adherents of political atheism make a plea for an atheist state that has to foster atheist convictions in its citizenry." 6906:, many Communist States did not shy away from being openly hostile to religion. In most instances, communist ideology translated unperturbedly into state atheism, which, in turn, triggered measures aimed at the eradication of religion. As much was acknowledged by some Communist Constitutions. The 1976 Constitution of the 6358:: "Democratic Kampuchea was officially an atheist state, and the persecution of religion by the Khmer Rouge was matched in severity only by the persecution of religion in the communist states of Albania and North Korea, so there were not any direct historical continuities of Buddhism into the Democratic Kampuchea era." 5620:

citizens affiliating with no religion from 7.6% in 1950 to 60% in 1986. It was in the 1950s that scientific atheism became official state policy when Soviet authorities were setting up a communist government. As of 2012 the area of the former German Democratic Republic was the least religious region in the world.

8005:: "The struggle against religion in its current, incomparably harsher phase, was inaugurated by Enver Hoxha in his speech of 6 February 1967. He declared Albania to be the "first atheist state of the world". All 2,169 religious establishments (including the 268 Catholic churches) were demolished or closed." 5189:

or belongs to other religious groups. In 2011, Albania's population was estimated to be 56.7% Muslim, 10% Roman Catholic, 6.8% Orthodox, 2.5% atheist, 2.1% Bektashi (a Sufi order), 5.7% other, 16.2% unspecified. Today, Gallup Global Reports 2010 shows that religion plays a role in the lives of 39% of

5149:

at Geneva was as late as 7 March 1983. A delegation from Denmark got its protest over Albania's violation of religious liberty placed on the agenda of the thirty-ninth meeting of the commission, item 25, reading, "Implementation of the Declaration on the Elimination of all Forms of Intolerance and of

5114:

Article 37 of the Albanian Constitution of 1976 stipulated, "The state recognizes no religion, and supports atheistic propaganda in order to implant a scientific materialistic world outlook in people." The penal code of 1977 imposed prison sentences of three to ten years for "religious propaganda and

5083:

orders, were henceforth ordered to terminate their activities in Albania. Religious institutions were forbidden to have anything to do with the education of the young, because that had been made the exclusive province of the state. All religious communities were prohibited from owning real estate and

4743:

Religion is the opium of the people—this dictum by Marx is the corner-stone of the whole Marxist outlook on religion. Marxism has always regarded all modern religions and churches, and each and every religious organisation, as instruments of bourgeois reaction that serve to defend exploitation and to

5921:

from 1926 to 1929, which was characterized by atrocities on both sides. Some Cristeros applied terrorist tactics, including the torture and killing of public school teachers, while the Mexican government persecuted the clergy, killing suspected Cristeros and supporters and often retaliating against

5878:

actions included outlawing religious orders, depriving the Church of property rights and depriving the clergy of civil liberties, including their right to a trial by jury in cases involving anti-clerical laws and the right to vote. Catholic antipathy towards Calles was enhanced because of his vocal

5788:

was launched in the People's Revolutionary Party and the Mongolian army. The Mongol leader at that time was Khorloogiin Choibalsan, a follower of Joseph Stalin, who emulated many of the policies that Stalin had previously implemented in the Soviet Union. The purge virtually succeeded in eliminating

5619:

constitution of 1968 guarantees religious freedom, the state's policy was oriented towards the promotion of atheism. Eastern Germany practiced heavy secularization. The German Democratic Republic (GDR) generated antireligous regulations and promoted atheism for decades which impacted the growth of

5862:

There was an expulsion of foreign clergy and expropriation of Church properties. Article 27 prohibited any future acquisition of such property by churches, and prohibited religious corporations and ministers from establishing or directing primary schools. The Constitution of 1917 also forbade the

5398:

Citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy freedom of religious belief. No state organ, public organization or individual may compel citizens to believe in, or not to believe in, any religion; nor may they discriminate against citizens who believe in, or do not believe in, any religion. The

5110:

Clerics were publicly vilified and humiliated, their vestments were taken and desecrated. More than 200 clerics of various faiths were imprisoned, others were forced to seek work in either industry or agriculture, and some were executed or starved to death. The cloister of the Franciscan order in

5106:

members, all churches, mosques, monasteries, and other religious institutions were either closed down or converted into warehouses, gymnasiums, or workshops by the end of 1967. By May 1967, religious institutions had been forced to relinquish all 2,169 churches, mosques, cloisters, and shrines in

4946:

at 80 percent, though this percentage may be understated to prove the successfulness of the struggle with religion. The Russian Orthodox Church, which had 54,000 parishes before World War I, was reduced to 500 by 1940. Overall, by that same year 90 percent of the churches, synagogues, and mosques

4921:

ridiculed all religions and harassed believers. The league was a "nominally independent organization established by the Communist Party to promote atheism". It published its own newspaper, and journals, sponsored lectures, and organized demonstrations that lampooned religion and promoted atheism.

5664:

ideology has been described as "state-sanctioned atheism" and atheism is the government's official position. According to a 2018 CIA report, free religious activities almost no longer exist, with government-sponsored groups to delude them. The United States Commission on International Religious

4937:

all church property, including the churches themselves, and in the period from 1922 to 1926, 28 Russian Orthodox bishops and more than 1,200 priests were killed (a much greater number was subjected to persecution). Most seminaries were closed, and publication of religious writing was banned. A

5399:

state protects normal religious activities. No one may make use of religion to engage in activities that disrupt public order, impair the health of citizens or interfere with the educational system of the state. Religious bodies and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign domination.

5066:

atheist state. Marxist–Leninist authorities in Albania claimed that religion was foreign to Albania and used this to justify their policy of state atheism and suppression of religion. This nationalism was also used to justify the communist stance of state atheism from 1967 to 1991. The

6910:, for instance, was firmly based on a Marxist dismissal of religion as the opiate of the masses. It provided: "The state recognizes no religion of any kind and supports and develops the atheist view so as to ingrain in to the people the scientific and materialistic world-view." 5003:

has written that the post-Soviet population in areas which were formerly predominantly Orthodox are now "nearly illiterate regarding religion", almost completely lacking the intellectual or philosophical aspects of their faith and having almost no knowledge of other faiths.

5071:

of August 1945 nationalized most property of religious institutions, including the estates of mosques, monasteries, orders, and dioceses. Many clergy and believers were tried and some were executed. All foreign Roman Catholic priests, monks, and nuns were expelled in 1946.

11420: 9578: 4998:

have diverse religious affiliations. Russians have primarily returned to identifying with the Orthodox Church; by 2008 72% of Russians identified as Orthodox - rising from 31% in 1991. However, Professor Niels Christian Nielsen of philosophy and religious thought of

4913:

was applied to numerous religions, the regime's anti-religious campaigns were often directed against specific religions based on state interests. The attitude in the Soviet Union toward religion varied from persecution of some religions to not outlawing others.

5023:

in the majority-Islamic countries of the Soviet Union. "The Soviet Government considers that the Sharia, as common law, is as fully authorized as that of any other of the peoples inhabiting Russia" (statement by Stalin during the Congress of the Peoples of

5574:, the law is still silent on the issue of church construction. This vagueness allowed authorities in some areas to prohibit the construction of new churches, but allowing to lead services inside their homes and in religious buildings erected before the 5190:

Albanians, and Albania is ranked the thirteenth least religious country in the world. The U.S. state department reports that in 2013, "There were no reports of societal abuses or discrimination based on religious affiliation, belief, or practice."

12317: 8865: 8609:: "Under Castro's rule, Cuba was for decades a self-declared atheist state where Christians were persecuted and marginalized. ... In 1992 the Cuban Constitution was amended to declare it a secular state. It was no longer an atheist Republic." 14688: 3146: 5305:

must be "unyielding Marxist atheists"; in the same month, a government-sanctioned demolition work crew drove a bulldozer over two Chinese Christians who protested against the demolition of their church by refusing to step aside.

8836:: "In the late 1950s, the regime announced that scientific atheism had become official policy and any of the approximately 1.5 million party members that remained church members were compelled to renounce religion (Maser 1999)." 11428: 9384:

At first the new revolutionary government attacked Church corruption and the wealth of the bishops and abbots who ruled the Church -- causes with which many Christians could identify. Clerical privileges were abolished

5863:

existence of monastic orders (Article 5) and religious activities outside of church buildings (which became government property), and mandated that such religious activities would be overseen by government (Article 24).

5519:. Its prisons were being filled with clergy since the 1960s. In 1961, the Cuban government confiscated Catholic schools, including the Jesuit school that Fidel Castro had attended. In 1965 it exiled two hundred priests. 4922:

Anti-religious and atheistic propaganda was implemented into every portion of soviet life from schools to the media and even on to substituting rituals to replace religious ones. Though Lenin originally introduced the

5126:, by distributing dairy products and other forbidden foods in school and at work, and then publicly denouncing those who refused the food. Those clergy who conducted secret services were incarcerated. Catholic priest 12036: 8155: 5858:

established in the Constitution of 1917, took office in 1924. Calles' Mexico has been characterized as an atheist state and his program as aiming to eradicate religious practices in Mexico during the 20th century.

5239:

were destroyed along with numerous holy texts and items of high artistic quality. 25,000 Buddhist monks were massacred by the regime, which was officially an atheist state. The persecution was undertaken because

4770:. Baggini argues that "Soviet communism, with its active oppression of religion, is a distortion of original Marxist communism, which did not advocate oppression of the religious." Baggini goes on to argue that " 11475: 11309: 8721: 11605: 5329:, the Chinese Communist Party took power. For much of its early history, that government maintained under Marxist thought that religion would ultimately disappear, and characterized it as emblematic of 12327: 6081:, in order to use diplomacy to promote religious liberty in repressive states. Countries like Albania had anti-religious policies, while also promoting atheism, that impacted their religious rights. 6333: 5107:

Albania, many of which were converted into cultural centers for young people. As the literary monthly Nendori reported the event, the youth had thus "created the first atheist nation in the world."

12450: 9047: 8362: 12357: 5356:

guaranteed freedom of religion with a number of restrictions. Since then, there has been a massive program to rebuild Buddhist and Taoist temples that were destroyed in the Cultural Revolution.

6622:: "After 1975, the Marxist-Leninist government of reunified Vietnam declared the state atheist while theoretically allowing people the right to practice their religion under the constitution." 5095:

in Albania. Between 1945 and 1953, the number of priests was reduced drastically and the number of Roman Catholic churches was decreased from 253 to 100, and all Catholics were stigmatized as

5750:, one of the Protestant churches, and that church can be visited on tours. Christian institutions are regulated by the Korean Christian Federation, a state-controlled religious organization. 5102:

The campaign against religion peaked in the 1960s. Beginning in February 1967 the Albanian authorities launched a campaign to eliminate religious life in Albania. Despite complaints, even by

12640: 11911: 14662: 3112: 12026:"The Religion-State Relationship and the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief: A Comparative Textual Analysis of the Constitutions of Majority Muslim Countries and Other OIC Members" 5118:

Parents were afraid to pass on their faith, for fear that their children would tell others. Officials tried to entrap practicing Christians and Muslims during religious fasts, such as

5480: 9465:

Ross, David A. Being in Time to the Music. N.p.: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2007. Print. "This Cult of Reason or Deism reached its logical conclusion in the French Revolution..."

4316:. In a review of 35 European states in 1980, 5 states were considered "secular" in the sense of religious neutrality, 9 considered "atheistic", and 21 states considered "religious". 13184: 12475: 5348:

converted religious buildings into buildings which were used for secular purposes or they destroyed them. However, this attitude relaxed considerably in the late 1970s, during the

9122:: "The MPRP propagated atheism, but in the 1960s, the communist government began low-level support for Lamaism, seeing it as a vehicle for propaganda in Asian Buddhist countries." 12296: 8849: 5712:

has said that, "There's no knowledge of priests surviving persecution that came in the late forties, when 166 priests and religious were killed or kidnapped," which includes the

9088: 5068: 7005:: "Cuba is the only country in the Americas that has attempted to impose state atheism, and since the 1960s onward its jails have been filled with pastors and other believers." 8830: 8811: 5419:

provides statistics about organized religions. In 2007, it reported the following (citing the Government's 1997 report on Religious Freedom and 2005 White Paper on religion):

11216: 12043: 5500:

In August 1960, several bishops signed a joint pastoral letter condemning communism and declaring it incompatible with Catholicism, and calling on Catholics to reject it.

7391:: "The seven decades of Soviet atheism, whether one calls it "mass atheism," "scientific atheism," "state atheism," was unquestionably a new phenomenon in world history." 7321: 5483:, says that China's actions against the Uighurs are "a major problem". The Chinese government has denounced the report, stating that China has "ample" religious freedom. 6074: 5526:

added a clause stating that the "socialist state...bases its activity on, and educates the people in, the scientific materialist concept of the universe". In 1992, the

11437: 6445: 11928:"Remarks by USCIRF Chair Katrina Lantos Swett at Conference on Religious Freedom, Violent Religious Extremism, and Constitutional Reform in Muslim-Majority Countries" 6448:: "During the decades of state-sponsored atheism in East Germany, more formally known as the German Democratic Republic, the great emphasis was on avoiding religion." 13244: 8932::Religion tab - "note: autonomous religious activities now almost nonexistent; government-sponsored religious groups exist to provide illusion of religious freedom." 8289:: "The PRC is officially an atheist state well known for its persecution and destruction of religion and its material manifestations during the Cultural Revolution." 5965: 5165:, and established personal and political rights and freedoms, including protection against coercion in matters of religious belief. Albania is a member state of the 9017:

Remarks by USCIRF Chair Katrina Lantos Swett at Conference on Religious Freedom, Violent Religious Extremism, and Constitutional Reform in Muslim-Majority Countries

5554:

visited Cuba in 2015. The Cuban government continued hostile actions against religious groups; having ordered, in 2015 alone, the closure or demolition of over 100

15151: 12237: 11609: 6191:: "the perception that religion symbolized foreign (Italian, Greek and Turkish) predation was used to justify the communists' stance of state atheism (1967-1991)." 5293:

but it only allows members of state sanctioned organizations to practice religions. The government has promoted atheism throughout the country. In April 2016, the

3615: 12562: 12214: 8576: 11862: 5723:. In November 2013, it was reported that the repression of religious people led to the public execution of 80 people, some of them were executed for possessing 5359:

The CCP has said that religious beliefs and membership in it are incompatible. However, the state is not allowed to force ordinary citizens to become atheists.

14219: 13451: 12849: 6248: 5353: 5284: 5045: 2661: 858: 13379: 13232: 11424: 11033:

Daniel, W. (1995-09-01). "Religious Policy in the Soviet Union. Edited by Sabrina Petra Ramet. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 361 pp. $ 69.95".

5677:. Foreign residents who regularly attend services at these churches have reported that the services which are performed there are staged for their benefit. 17220: 13323: 11927: 9016: 7092: 6040: 5702:, which calls on people to "avoid spiritual deference to outside influences", which was interpreted as including religions which originated outside Korea. 4877:, the state used its resources to stop the implanting of religious beliefs in nonbelievers and remove "prerevolutionary remnants" which still existed. The 1940: 1433: 5062:, the head of state of Albania, declared Albania to be the "first atheist state of the world" even though the Soviet Union under Lenin had already been a 16274: 14422: 11336: 8751: 4275:

also had similar policies. The Soviet Union attempted to suppress public religious expression over wide areas of its influence, including places such as

2872: 223: 12460: 12365: 8948: 12426: 8488:: "The religious freedom situation in Russia is deteriorating and China remains one of the world's most egregious violators of this fundamental right" 5850:

as originally enacted included anticlerical provisions and restricted religious freedoms. The Articles were initially seldom enforced until President

15546: 14929: 13256: 12342: 8880: 5812: 5391: 4774:

is a danger in any belief system" and that "Atheism's most authentic political expression... takes the form of state secularism, not state atheism."

4024: 3387: 14373: 11919: 9526: 5705:

Since 2001, the U.S. State Department has designated North Korea as a "country of particular concern", due to its violations of religious freedom.

5294: 4231:(1922–1991) had a long history of state atheism, whereby those who were seeking social success generally had to profess atheism and stay away from 4156: 2823: 238: 12647: 12025: 8122: 6545: 17346: 15708: 12780: 11259: 10804:"Mexico and the 1981 United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief" 8233: 2074: 744: 281: 277: 12725: 11636: 8914: 8215: 14294: 13657: 13130: 13124: 12924: 12380: 9156:

Mexico and the 1981 United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief

8963: 2736: 11394: 16033: 13427: 13343: 13311: 13118: 11285: 7663: 724: 7344:: "When he was 16, nothing in Lenin indicated a future rebel, still less a professional revolutionary—except, perhaps, his turn to atheism." 6061:, including Freedom of worship, that would be foundation for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and future U.S. diplomatic efforts. 5978:

The French Revolution initially began with attacks on Church corruption and the wealth of the higher clergy, an action with which even many

17810: 14934: 13391: 13338: 13333: 13328: 6105: 5784:

in 1936, the Soviet Union deployed its troops there in 1937, undertaking an offensive against the Buddhist religion. Parallel with this, a

4260: 3392: 2150: 828: 12713: 12088: 8185: 6069:

to improve religious freedom in China, and Ronald Reagan told US Embassy staff in Moscow to help Jews harassed by the Soviet authorities.

5235:. Buddhist institutions and temples were destroyed and Buddhist monks and teachers were killed in large numbers. A third of the country's 14904: 14515: 14057: 13645: 13160: 12483: 9484:

Tallett, Frank (1991). "Dechristianizing France: The Year II and the Revolutionary Experience". In Frank Tallett; Nicholas Atkin (eds.).

9135: 6078: 4475: 4236: 3362: 2965: 2491: 1036: 12595: 9556: 5515:

Originally more tolerant of religion, the Cuban government began arresting many believers and shutting down religious schools after the

16352: 14204: 13457: 12834: 11701: 7734: 5403:

Most people report no organized religious affiliation; however, people with a belief in folk traditions and spiritual beliefs, such as

5384: 2646: 990: 887: 11946: 11548: 8317: 6646:

Supporting sources listed as of January 22, 2018 for the world map showing nations that formerly or currently practice state atheism:

13463: 13280: 12435:"30Giorni - Korea, for a reconciliation between North and South (Interview with Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jinsuk by Gianni Cardinale)" 12404: 11751: 8983: 7779: 6907: 4579: 1607: 793: 758: 670: 661: 24:

World map showing countries that formerly or currently practice state atheism. Most of the countries that practice state atheism are

12498: 9193: 14139: 14027: 13760: 5649: 4906: 4767: 4618: 2573: 2461: 591: 522: 393: 325: 174: 9032:

30Giorni - Korea, for a reconciliation between North and South (Interview with Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jinsuk by Gianni Cardinale

16280: 5015:, acting on an idea proposed by Lenin in order to give the Jewish population in Russia more personal autonomy, as reparation for 1104: 12689: 12543: 9300: 5781: 5185:

is practiced by 16.99% of the population, making it the 2nd largest religion in the country. The remaining population is either

17800: 15647: 14378: 14149: 13967: 13952: 13947: 13793: 13190: 7970: 5937:

took office. Attempts to eliminate religious education became more pronounced in 1934 through an amendment of Article 3 of the

5380: 4244: 4125: 2828: 2583: 2401: 2386: 2381: 2211: 1228: 616: 581: 458: 388: 334: 13238: 11770: 11720: 7794: 7749: 16398: 15675: 14209: 13932: 13439: 12839: 12434: 11081: 10750: 10731: 10706: 10677: 10656: 10635: 10606: 10563: 10534: 10513: 10492: 10471: 10450: 10423: 10402: 10373: 10352: 10327: 10306: 10285: 10253: 10219: 10181: 10158: 10129: 10104: 10083: 10062: 10041: 10020: 9999: 9976: 9955: 9934: 9913: 9892: 9869: 9848: 9819: 9796: 9775: 9746: 9727: 9698: 9665: 9636: 9495: 9441: 9414: 9377: 9281: 8100: 7980: 7540: 6028: 5029: 2651: 2366: 882: 13487: 7054: 16984: 15917: 14710: 14032: 13844: 11349: 8852:: "52 Prozent der Menschen in Ostdeutschland sind laut einer aktuellen Studie Atheisten. Das ist ein globaler Spitzenwert." 8766: 4898: 4149: 3168: 2466: 2270: 9271: 16072: 15701: 15356: 15026: 14939: 14830: 14505: 14325: 13957: 13942: 13583: 13445: 12773: 12245: 11524: 8591: 6495: 6053:

in 1903, establishing a history of U.S. presidents commenting on the internal religious liberty of foreign countries. In

5467:

The U.S. State Department has designated China as a "country of particular concern" since 1999. Freedom House classifies

5166: 4264: 3826: 3484: 3397: 3288: 2955: 2773: 2391: 2376: 1178: 734: 503: 428: 258: 203: 12744:

L'athéisme d'État. Pourquoi est-il nécessaire? (State atheism. Why is it necessary?), (2019) by Jean-Philippe Cossette (

12517: 9170: 7446: 5325:. As a result, all of these religions had played a significant role in the everyday lives of ordinary people. After the 4826:

in 1929, the magazine of the Society of the Godless. The first five-year plan of the Soviet Union is shown crushing the

14924: 14405: 12566: 11495: 11324: 11233: 8736: 6374: 5633: 5606: 5543: 5016: 4540: 4423: 4252: 3382: 2855: 473: 448: 343: 233: 16742: 12677: 12222: 11873: 7914: 7899: 4846:("The Atheist at the Machine"), in which a group of industrial workers are depicted throwing Jesus Christ in the trash 17790: 16367: 14572: 14410: 13896: 13874: 13367: 13348: 12621: 9593: 7702: 5416: 5154:

inserted an article into one of Denmark's major newspapers protesting the violation of religious freedom in Albania.

4926:

to the Soviets, subsequent efforts to reorganise the week to improve worker productivity saw the introduction of the

4811: 4566: 4256: 3022: 2860: 2322: 2300: 2020: 892: 798: 611: 551: 508: 488: 413: 358: 353: 248: 218: 116: 12525: 9226: 17805: 17402: 17321: 17294: 16412: 15782: 15745: 15309: 15146: 15046: 14510: 14400: 13421: 12277: 8606: 7999: 5681: 5645: 4527: 4248: 3779: 3610: 3504: 2960: 2850: 2143: 2049: 1221: 870: 767: 478: 468: 403: 11982:

www.country-data.com (Based on the Country Studies Series by Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress)

11624: 8706: 17360: 17116: 15897: 14899: 14417: 14179: 13972: 13699: 13669: 12809: 9254: 5527: 5245: 4807: 4397: 4272: 4142: 3357: 2867: 2621: 2406: 2124: 2097: 1749: 1142: 1029: 833: 646: 641: 566: 493: 453: 433: 423: 373: 320: 300: 268: 213: 198: 12415: 9001: 17311: 17069: 16840: 15960: 15694: 14042: 13687: 13385: 12766: 12749: 7549: 6024: 5855: 5777: 5567: 5049: 4501: 4462: 4449: 2476: 2039: 1711: 1157: 983: 714: 679: 656: 626: 601: 596: 571: 561: 556: 546: 541: 536: 531: 513: 438: 348: 305: 253: 208: 183: 165: 101: 14184: 12814: 12000:

country-data.com (Based on the Country Studies Series by Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress)

11863:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population" 7554: 7552: 5091:'s approach to each of the major denominations, his overarching objective was the eventual destruction of all 2626: 838: 17795: 17505: 17495: 17306: 17126: 17121: 15578: 15294: 14022: 13705: 13681: 13469: 13268: 5804: 5376: 5364: 4631: 4514: 4056: 3764: 2456: 2034: 1782: 1777: 1600: 1580: 1426: 1189: 1081: 1071: 939: 709: 704: 699: 651: 636: 631: 621: 586: 576: 498: 483: 463: 383: 368: 363: 315: 310: 295: 290: 188: 10856:

Madeley, John (January 2003). "European Liberal Democracy and the Principle of State Religious Neutrality".

17255: 17204: 16901: 16269: 16092: 16078: 14857: 14805: 13783: 13753: 13595: 13493: 13317: 10237: 8895: 7407: 5785: 5594: 5539: 5383:. These groups are afforded a degree of protection, but are subject to restrictions and controls under the 5372: 5276: 4787: 4673: 4297:

was state atheist until 2019, when this practice was eliminated, declaring that the island is officially a

3315: 3263: 2201: 1975: 783: 749: 739: 729: 684: 606: 443: 408: 398: 378: 263: 243: 193: 13519: 8901:: "The effects of living in an atheist state continue to be seen in younger generations of East Germans.." 7151:

State-Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law : Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance

6900:

State-Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law : Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance

6568:

State-Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law : Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance

5504:

gave a four-hour long speech the next day, condemning priests who serve "great wealth" and using fears of

16930: 16820: 16552: 16440: 16204: 16183: 15489: 15341: 14760: 14368: 14314: 12944: 7955: 7941: 6050: 5773: 5655: 4918: 4553: 3967: 3811: 3218: 2818: 2756: 2136: 1000: 803: 719: 694: 689: 418: 228: 13533: 10922:

Kowalewski, David (1980). "Protest for Religious Rights in the USSR: Characteristics and Consequences".

17760: 17515: 16596: 16336: 16293: 15884: 15777: 15598: 14390: 14077: 13798: 12281: 10819:

Walaszek, Zdzislawa (January 1986). "An Open Issue of Legitimacy: The State and the Church in Poland".

7230: 5808: 5505: 5368: 5146: 5103: 4827: 4076: 2840: 2511: 2216: 1273: 1022: 121: 13499: 11515: 9060: 6204: 5602: 5259:, Christianity, and Buddhism, but its fiercest extermination campaign was directed against the ethnic 17815: 17194: 16747: 16007: 14951: 14765: 14667: 14552: 14226: 14194: 13854: 13788: 13627: 13603: 13571: 13415: 13220: 13202: 13196: 13154: 12856: 12824: 11843: 11825: 11789: 11640: 11362: 9884: 8781: 7854: 7839: 7809: 6002: 5637: 5428:

Taoists, unknown as a percentage partly because it is practiced along with Confucianism and Buddhism.

5326: 5289:

China has adopted a policy of official state atheism. Art. 36 of the Chinese constitution guarantees

3409: 3223: 3117: 3002: 2668: 2636: 2280: 2206: 1908: 1253: 904: 848: 16677: 9861:

State-Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law: Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance

7182: 7057:: "Atheism continues to be the official position of the governments of China, North Korea and Cuba." 5758:

is part of the ruling front in North Korea, but the number of Chondoists in North Korea is unknown.

17365: 17341: 17269: 16977: 16925: 16907: 16896: 16159: 16067: 16039: 15211: 15099: 14946: 14715: 14652: 14487: 14442: 14304: 14189: 14171: 14107: 14037: 13911: 13433: 13017: 12992: 12934: 12819: 12793: 11384: 10344: 8796: 7166: 5443: 5008: 4938:

meeting of the Antireligious Commission of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (

4799: 4795: 4212:

and the promotion of irreligion or atheism. State atheism may refer to a government's promotion of

3675: 3563: 3404: 3173: 3102: 2937: 2892: 2746: 2631: 2611: 2541: 2471: 2337: 2102: 2069: 1989: 1593: 995: 853: 843: 76: 15848: 11539: 11293: 6635: 5851: 4905:

coming to place "the Devil's mark" on the peasants, and encouraged them to resist the government.

17704: 17336: 17326: 17227: 17086: 16891: 16113: 15665: 15494: 15474: 15336: 15326: 15284: 14914: 14755: 14617: 14587: 14582: 14532: 14467: 14452: 14385: 14358: 14343: 13746: 13710: 13214: 13136: 12301: 12007: 11739: 10959:

Froese, Paul (2004). "Forced Secularization in Soviet Russia: Why an Atheistic Monopoly Failed".

10723: 9924: 8063: 7764: 6018: 5735: 5629: 5415:

number in the hundreds of millions. In its annual report on International Religious Freedom, the

5302: 5158: 4882: 4855: 4736:, atheism emanates from its dialectical materialism and tries to explain and criticize religion. 3972: 3952: 3806: 3796: 3754: 3372: 3213: 3067: 3037: 3032: 2982: 2917: 2902: 2835: 2808: 2793: 2167: 2064: 2054: 1947: 1744: 1233: 1206: 1137: 1076: 14562: 12392: 12077: 11590: 11157:

Cronon, E. David (September 1958). "American Catholics and Mexican Anticlericalism, 1933-1936".

9406: 8929: 8691: 8676: 8140: 5934: 5145:

is an inalienable human right. The first time that the question came before the United Nations'

3012: 17670: 16568: 16533: 16298: 15853: 15593: 15566: 15556: 15036: 15016: 14879: 14750: 14647: 14597: 14567: 14547: 14482: 14462: 14437: 14432: 14427: 14338: 14309: 14282: 14258: 14253: 13839: 13829: 13663: 13639: 13355: 12939: 12912: 12888: 12883: 12717: 12092: 11571: 10803: 9155: 8646: 8619: 7306: 6582: 5847: 5755: 5709: 5706: 5439: 5162: 5138: 5075:

Religious communities or branches that had their headquarters outside the country, such as the

4677: 4071: 4044: 4034: 3494: 3474: 3337: 3208: 3097: 3047: 3017: 2997: 2932: 2912: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2788: 2751: 2724: 2700: 2695: 2265: 2255: 971: 934: 919: 12665: 10442: 10275: 10264: 10241: 9356: 9074: 8661: 8474: 8396: 8381: 8347: 7884: 7647: 7632: 7617: 7562: 7532: 7388: 7357: 7290: 7150: 6975: 6956: 6923: 6899: 6866: 6619: 6567: 6513: 6427: 6355: 6318: 6009:, with the revolutionary government briefly mandating observance of the former in April 1794. 17276: 17019: 16935: 16451: 16405: 16164: 16106: 15902: 15873: 15561: 15521: 15454: 15351: 15299: 15226: 14981: 14745: 14657: 14632: 14627: 14612: 14607: 14602: 14542: 14497: 14457: 14363: 14333: 14236: 13849: 13633: 13292: 13077: 13042: 13012: 12866: 12789: 12602: 12384: 10413: 10338: 10317: 9717: 9579:(archived) Responding to Religious Freedom and Presidential Leadership: A Historical Approach 9341: 9241: 9211: 8270: 7929: 7580: 7068: 7029: 7025: 7002: 6998: 6841: 6695: 6600: 6266: 6167: 6130: 6054: 5926: 5610: 5461: 5349: 5310: 5177:

in the country. The majority of Albanian Muslims are secular Sunnis along with a significant

5053: 4910: 4901:

of the land, Orthodox priests distributed pamphlets declaring that the Soviet regime was the

4863: 4803: 4699: 4039: 3999: 3932: 3821: 3769: 3690: 3439: 3203: 3107: 3082: 3077: 3062: 3057: 3052: 2992: 2947: 2907: 2813: 2783: 2678: 2275: 1996: 1661: 1199: 1132: 909: 820: 12262:"International Religious Freedom Report 2007 — China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)" 12061: 11807: 11705: 10771:"Explaining a Religious Anomaly: A Historical Analysis of Secularization in Eastern Germany" 8286: 8170: 7824: 7678: 7524: 7464: 7257: 5669:

making monitoring almost impossible. After 1,500 churches were destroyed during the rule of

5475:

as regions of particular repression of religion, due to concerns about separatist activity.

1238: 17677: 17395: 17262: 17111: 17091: 17029: 16642: 16512: 16099: 15833: 15792: 15717: 15432: 14966: 14840: 14557: 14522: 14472: 14447: 14268: 14231: 13962: 13824: 13615: 13551: 13361: 13172: 13057: 12962: 12898: 12861: 12758: 12261: 11965: 11950: 11100: 10576:

Freedom of religion in China under the current legal framework and foreign religious bodies

8501: 8459: 8333:

Freedom of religion in China under the current legal framework and foreign religious bodies

7719: 5973: 5953: 5938: 5767: 5720: 5523: 5516: 5232: 5228: 5218: 5214: 4791: 4711: 4669: 4410: 3910: 3424: 3298: 3007: 2972: 2922: 2897: 2710: 2673: 2396: 2250: 1982: 1819: 1754: 1671: 1526: 1517: 1468: 1353: 944: 913: 81: 11755: 9657:

Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History

9456:

Heenan, David Kyle. Deism in France 1789-1799. N.p.: U of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953. Print.

8834:

Explaining a Religious Anomaly: A Historical Analysis of Secularization in Eastern Germany

8815:

Explaining a Religious Anomaly: A Historical Analysis of Secularization in Eastern Germany

6319:

Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History

8: 17660: 17283: 16970: 16858: 16800: 16539: 16347: 16242: 16198: 16062: 16052: 16028: 16023: 15912: 15858: 15843: 15818: 15608: 15469: 15104: 15006: 14986: 14775: 14683: 14642: 14622: 14592: 14492: 14287: 14102: 13527: 13507: 13262: 13148: 13092: 13062: 13027: 12917: 12714:"Cuba libre? Castro was weakened by the fall of the Soviet Union. Will John Paul's visit" 12502: 12125:. Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United States of America. October 1997 11869: 11655: 11606:"Constitution of Cuba, Article 8: Freedom of Religion and Separation of Church and State" 11314: 10885:

Chen, Kenneth (1965). "Chinese Communist Attitudes Towards Buddhism in Chinese History".

9676: 8302: 6292: 6115: 6036: 5798: 5716: 5571: 5404: 5341: 5290: 5280: 5041: 4831: 4822: 4753: 4749: 4729: 4185: 4086: 3947: 3568: 3464: 3444: 3233: 3141: 3092: 3072: 3042: 2942: 2729: 2536: 2003: 1624: 1383: 1268: 1243: 1216: 956: 91: 56: 11104: 10054:

Stalin's Peasants: Resistance and Survival in the Russian Village After Collectivization

7581:

Stalin's Peasants: Resistance and Survival in the Russian Village After Collectivization

5949: 17611: 17443: 17316: 17153: 17096: 17044: 16920: 16848: 16815: 16772: 16767: 16474: 16314: 16288: 16188: 16169: 16135: 16121: 15927: 15878: 15863: 15838: 15381: 15376: 15366: 15314: 15304: 15279: 15221: 15179: 15089: 15084: 15079: 14991: 14299: 13621: 13545: 13539: 13097: 13067: 13052: 12929: 11995: 11977: 11182: 11124: 11021: 10992: 10947: 10910: 10873: 10844: 10170: 10150:

Marxist-Leninist "Scientific Atheism" and the Study of Religion and Atheism in the USSR

9814:. Palmer, Martin., Barrett, David B., Swanston Graphics Limited. Simon & Schuster. 9399: 8048: 8033: 7291:

Marxist-Leninist "Scientific Atheism" and the Study of Religion and Atheism in the USSR

6675: 6110: 6046: 6032: 5833: 5829: 5699: 5689: 5585:, with tens of thousands of Cubans worshipping unmolested across the island each week. 5345: 5244:

believed that Buddhism was "a decadent affectation". He sought to eliminate Buddhism's

5092: 4923: 4783: 4691: 3851: 3846: 3836: 3784: 3774: 3749: 3685: 3643: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3449: 2741: 2044: 1852: 1739: 1686: 1544: 1368: 1358: 1194: 1184: 1099: 978: 897: 146: 16175: 16057: 12122: 11671: 11063: 10116:"Twentieth-Century Genocides Underlying Ideological Themes from Armenia to East Timor" 8426: 8079:

The fulfilled promise : a documentary account of religious persecution in Albania

7341: 4947:

that had been operating in 1917 were either forcibly closed, converted, or destroyed.

17745: 17714: 17640: 17490: 17301: 17213: 17189: 17184: 16805: 16752: 16697: 16635: 16606: 16547: 16493: 16430: 16420: 16377: 16362: 16247: 16227: 16217: 16086: 16047: 15828: 15810: 15797: 15640: 15551: 15479: 15464: 15263: 15206: 15011: 14919: 14810: 14730: 14577: 13879: 13675: 13403: 13305: 13178: 13022: 12972: 12967: 12745: 12697: 12451:"North Korea publicly executes 80, some for videos or Bibles, report says | Fox News" 11549:"China's Leader Xi Jinping Reminds Party Members to Be 'Unyielding Marxist Atheists'" 11484: 11267: 11174: 11149: 11116: 11077: 11050: 11025: 10984: 10976: 10972: 10939: 10914: 10902: 10877: 10848: 10836: 10790: 10786: 10770: 10746: 10727: 10702: 10683: 10673: 10652: 10631: 10612: 10602: 10583: 10559: 10540: 10530: 10509: 10488: 10467: 10446: 10435: 10419: 10398: 10379: 10369: 10348: 10323: 10302: 10281: 10249: 10225: 10215: 10177: 10154: 10135: 10125: 10119: 10100: 10079: 10058: 10037: 10016: 9995: 9988: 9972: 9951: 9930: 9909: 9905:

Nihil Obstat: Religion, Politics, and Social Change in East-Central Europe and Russia

9888: 9865: 9844: 9825: 9815: 9808: 9792: 9771: 9752: 9742: 9723: 9704: 9694: 9661: 9642: 9632: 9491: 9437: 9410: 9373: 9277: 8441: 8096: 7976: 7536: 7525: 7122:

Boletín Jurídico del Observatorio de Libertad Religiosa de América Latina y el Caribe

7117: 6464: 6428:

Nihil Obstat: Religion, Politics, and Social Change in East-Central Europe and Russia

5995: 5666: 5658:

states that freedom of religion is permitted. However, the North Korean government's

5555: 5547: 5535: 5508:

influence in order to attack Spanish-born priests, declaring "There is no doubt that

5476: 5272: 5256: 5151: 5142: 4987: 4894: 4890: 4874: 4118: 4029: 3957: 3942: 3725: 3670: 3469: 3377: 3268: 3188: 3027: 2305: 2029: 1933: 1903: 1898: 1877: 1759: 1568: 1564: 1403: 1294: 86: 11456: 11421:"Responding to Religious Freedom and Presidential Leadership: A Historical Approach" 10996: 9326: 5598: 17699: 17539: 17529: 17485: 17448: 17436: 17248: 17241: 17234: 17163: 17158: 17131: 17039: 17014: 16942: 16863: 16853: 16737: 16732: 16611: 16528: 16425: 16387: 16151: 16018: 15953: 15922: 15892: 15769: 15739: 15603: 15588: 15516: 15437: 15407: 15238: 15074: 14780: 14353: 14348: 14199: 14097: 13693: 13609: 13589: 13409: 13072: 12997: 12829: 11774: 11724: 11389: 11203: 11166: 11145: 11108: 11069: 11042: 11013: 10968: 10931: 10894: 10865: 10828: 10782: 8318:

China's Leader Xi Jinping Reminds Party Members to Be 'Unyielding Marxist Atheists'

6120: 6090: 5991: 5957: 5870:

legislation known formally as The Law Reforming the Penal Code and unofficially as

5575: 5509: 5492: 5453: 5076: 4232: 4213: 4081: 4066: 3994: 3915: 3885: 3702: 3538: 3238: 2803: 2798: 2641: 2531: 1968: 1961: 1954: 1862: 1857: 1825: 1681: 1656: 1556: 1508: 1461: 1454: 1447: 1393: 1338: 1127: 865: 106: 16372: 12442: 11683: 11600:. United States Department of State - Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. 10574: 9031: 8332: 7479: 7431: 5983: 5150:

Discrimination based on Religion or Belief.", and on 20 July 1984 a member of the

17774: 17749: 17616: 17554: 17544: 17460: 17388: 17034: 16576: 16382: 16212: 16193: 16127: 15907: 15618: 15526: 15422: 15371: 15231: 15216: 15196: 15161: 14874: 14785: 14720: 14527: 14477: 14263: 14122: 13729: 13651: 13557: 13481: 13475: 13208: 13142: 13007: 13002: 12893: 12195: 12157: 11553: 10869: 10717: 10696: 10667: 10646: 10625: 10596: 10553: 10524: 10503: 10482: 10461: 10392: 10363: 10296: 10209: 10148: 10115: 10094: 10073: 10052: 10031: 10010: 9966: 9945: 9903: 9859: 9838: 9786: 9765: 9688: 9655: 9626: 9485: 9431: 9119: 8561: 8531: 8411: 8078: 7275: 6771: 6529: 6479: 6408: 6389: 6125: 5987: 5894: 5739: 5713: 5127: 5000: 4927: 4703: 4695: 4683: 4224: 4096: 4004: 3900: 3841: 3695: 3680: 3660: 3625: 3332: 3243: 3178: 2977: 2927: 2705: 2556: 1676: 1440: 1363: 1323: 1308: 1263: 1258: 1248: 1211: 1012: 929: 25: 12176: 12138: 10832: 10648:

Christianity After Communism: Social, Political, And Cultural Struggle In Russia

10598:

The fulfilled promise: a documentary account of religious persecution in Albania

8546: 8516: 7930:

Christianity After Communism: Social, Political, And Cultural Struggle In Russia

17724: 17596: 17561: 17500: 17370: 17064: 16762: 16661: 16523: 16485: 16308: 16145: 15978: 15968: 15947: 15758: 15613: 15571: 15541: 15531: 15449: 15442: 15427: 15417: 15253: 15189: 15131: 15126: 15111: 14894: 14889: 14884: 14770: 14705: 14241: 14214: 14067: 13769: 13397: 13286: 13274: 13087: 12871: 12844: 12381:"Human Rights in North Korea (DPRK: The Democratic People's Republic of Korea)" 11438:"25 years after Berlin Wall's fall, faith still fragile in former East Germany" 10072:

Epstein, Mikhail N.; Genis, Alexander A.; Vladiv-Glover, Slobodanka M. (2016).

9102: 6703: 6145: 6140: 6100: 6006: 5969: 5747: 5457: 4934: 4886: 4771: 4759: 4733: 4687: 4240: 4201: 4193: 4091: 4049: 4019: 4009: 3927: 3920: 3905: 3895: 3715: 3653: 3595: 3590: 3575: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3228: 3163: 2683: 2656: 2501: 2175: 2107: 1706: 1343: 1328: 1303: 1147: 877: 136: 16915: 11476:"The encounter between the religious and the secular in post-atheist Bulgaria" 11207: 11136:

Barker, Christine R. (April 2004). "Church and State: Lessons from Germany?".

11017: 10898: 10741:

Madeley, John (2009). "12. Religion and the State". In Haynes, Jeffrey (ed.).

10415:

Latin America's Wars Volume II: The Age of the Professional Soldier, 1900-2001

9342:

Latin America's Wars Volume II: The Age of the Professional Soldier, 1900-2001

5578:. Despite the difficults in constructing new churches, there's been a boom in 4838: 4816: 4766:

to a discussion about 20th-century political systems, including communism and

17784: 17591: 17524: 17453: 17049: 16717: 16710: 16672: 16435: 16303: 16264: 16252: 16140: 15932: 15868: 15753: 15625: 15184: 15169: 15031: 14996: 14976: 14847: 14790: 14725: 14144: 14047: 13577: 13563: 13373: 13102: 12977: 11271: 11178: 11120: 11073: 11054: 10988: 10980: 10943: 10906: 10840: 10794: 10687: 10616: 10587: 10229: 10139: 9756: 9708: 9646: 8964:

Human Rights in North Korea (DPRK: The Democratic People's Republic of Korea)

6446:

25 years after Berlin Wall's fall, faith still fragile in former East Germany

6334:

The encounter between the religious and the secular in post-atheist Bulgaria

6066: 6058: 5875: 5789:

Tibetan Buddhism and cost an estimated thirty to thirty-five thousand lives.

5731: 5531: 5198: 5012: 4305: 4298: 4103: 3648: 3633: 3489: 3454: 3434: 3305: 3248: 3183: 2578: 2481: 1691: 1388: 1333: 788: 141: 111: 16682: 10544: 10463:

Orthodoxy and the Cold War: Religion and Political Power in Romania, 1947-65

10383: 10192: 9829: 9050:: "North Korea publicly executes 80, some for videos or Bibles, report says" 8620:"Castro Speech Data Base - Latin American Network Information Center, LANIC" 8251: 7618:

Dictators : Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia (page cited inaccessible)

7450:- Journal of Church and State Journal - Religious Policy in the Soviet Union 7206: 7170:- European Liberal Democracy and the Principle of State Religious Neutrality 6252:- Protest for Religious Rights in the USSR: Characteristics and Consequences 5111:

Shkodër was set on fire, which resulted in the death of four elderly monks.

17734: 17331: 17009: 16947: 16826: 16810: 16601: 16591: 16459: 16232: 15459: 15346: 15174: 15141: 15121: 15051: 15041: 15021: 15001: 14637: 14537: 14273: 14248: 14112: 14052: 14017: 13982: 13977: 12903: 12878: 12681: 11808:"Europe :: Belarus — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency" 11046: 7956:"Constitution (Fundamental law) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" 7869: 6799: 6707: 6095: 6070: 6062: 6039:. In 1993, the UN's human rights committee declared that article 18 of the 5918: 5867: 5841: 5616: 5551: 5501: 5412: 5314: 5182: 4967: 4720:

as the guiding principle of the state. The founder and primary theorist of

4644: 4436: 4276: 4268: 4228: 4177: 3937: 3816: 3638: 3605: 3585: 3509: 3499: 3479: 3459: 3087: 2987: 2715: 2690: 2546: 2486: 2451: 2416: 2411: 2059: 1651: 1398: 1378: 1318: 966: 961: 949: 924: 33: 12575: 12427:"North Korea Must be Held Accountable for its Abysmal Human Rights Record" 9541: 8397:(page cited inaccessible) Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China 7411:- Forced Secularization in Soviet Russia: Why an Atheistic Monopoly Failed 7373:

Protest for Religious Rights in the USSR: Characteristics and Consequences

5914: 17719: 17682: 17650: 17645: 17633: 17510: 17145: 17106: 17024: 16833: 16692: 16586: 16469: 16259: 16237: 16222: 15787: 15763: 15361: 15321: 15289: 15156: 15116: 14956: 14869: 14820: 14795: 14695: 14395: 14134: 14117: 14072: 13987: 13166: 12982: 11892: 7602: 6819: 6767: 6647: 5743: 5685: 5670: 5579: 5435:. Other estimates state that at least 1% of China's population is Muslim. 5334: 5260: 5252: 5251:

Under the Khmer Rouge, all religious practices were banned. According to

5224: 5202: 5186: 5088: 5080: 5059: 4942:) that occurred on 23 May 1929 estimated the portion of believers in the 4930:, which had the side-effect that a "holiday will seldom fall on Sunday". 4488: 4364: 4284: 3831: 3791: 3759: 3620: 3580: 3414: 3327: 3278: 3253: 3153: 2845: 2568: 2551: 2506: 2421: 1842: 1787: 1666: 1503: 1498: 1313: 1109: 17769: 12358:"Countries of Particular Concern: Democratic People's Republic of Korea" 11608:. Berkley Center for Religion, Peace & World Affairs. Archived from 9926:

Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia

9252: 9048:

North Korea publicly executes 80, some for videos or Bibles, report says

8547:

Refworld - 2013 Report on International Religious Freedom - China: Macau

6168:

Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia

17694: 17687: 17665: 17606: 17581: 17576: 17470: 17136: 17059: 17054: 17001: 16993: 16724: 16625: 16581: 15942: 15937: 15686: 15635: 15630: 15511: 15506: 15402: 15386: 15243: 15136: 15094: 15056: 14864: 14852: 14825: 14815: 14735: 14161: 14156: 14127: 14062: 13901: 13037: 13032: 11186: 11128: 6807: 6795: 6763: 6759: 6731: 6727: 6663: 6185: 6135: 6023:

Antireligious states, including atheist states, have been at odds with

5979: 5906: 5893:

Due to the strict enforcement of anticlerical laws, people in strongly

5871: 5837: 5542:

when he paid a historic visit to the island in 1998 and criticized the

5298: 5206: 5020: 4975: 4971: 4963: 4959: 4939: 4902: 4878: 4313: 4217: 4209: 4181: 4113: 4108: 3989: 3984: 3880: 3856: 3707: 3600: 3558: 3514: 3322: 3310: 3283: 3273: 3193: 2595: 2590: 2561: 2496: 2327: 1810: 1701: 1696: 1641: 1632: 1489: 1348: 1152: 96: 19: 16757: 12108:"Chronology, 1994-2004 - Cambodian Genocide Program - Yale University" 10951: 10394:

Revolution of Hope: The Life, Faith, and Dreams of a Mexican President

10012:

Religious Education in a Plural, Secularised Society. A Paradigm Shift

8949:

Countries of Particular Concern: Democratic People's Republic of Korea

7915:

A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population

7372: 7307:

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin - The Attitude of the Workers' Party to Religion

6924:

Religious Education in a Plural, Secularised Society. A Paradigm Shift

5131: 4862:

ideology. This phenomenon, which lasted for seven decades, was new in

4728:, had an ambivalent attitude toward religion, which he viewed as "the 17729: 17655: 17628: 17623: 17601: 17571: 17566: 17475: 17168: 16687: 15983: 15536: 15484: 15201: 14800: 13927: 13513: 13226: 12107: 11337:"Pope Francis Is Credited With a Crucial Role in U.S.-Cuba Agreement" 11065:

Religion, state and politics in the Soviet Union and successor states

9990:

Nationalism, Liberalism, and Progress: The dismal fate of new nations

9767:

Freeing God's Children: The Unlikely Alliance for Global Human Rights

8200: 7465:

Religion, state and politics in the Soviet Union and successor states

7378: 7030:

Freeing God's Children: The Unlikely Alliance for Global Human Rights

7003:

Freeing God's Children: The Unlikely Alliance for Global Human Rights

6743: 6514:

Nationalism, Liberalism, and Progress: The dismal fate of new nations

5902: 5751: 5674: 5559: 5408: 5330: 5236: 4995: 4725: 4714: 4189: 4014: 3962: 3665: 3258: 2361: 1867: 1373: 126: 12421:. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2010. 12196:"China: Freedom of religious practice and belief in Fujian province" 11260:"Phnom Penh Journal; Lord Buddha Returns, With Artists His Soldiers" 11170: 11112: 9677:"Understanding Secularism in a Post-Communist State: Case of Serbia" 8271:

The specter of genocide : mass murder in historical perspective

8237:- Phnom Penh Journal; Lord Buddha Returns, With Artists His Soldiers 8201:

Chronology, 1994-2004 - Cambodian Genocide Program - Yale University

7389:

Russian Postmodernism : New Perspectives on Post-Soviet Culture

5882: 17549: 17426: 16703: 16561: 16464: 16445: 15988: 15823: 15803: 15501: 15331: 15258: 14909: 14835: 14740: 14700: 14092: 14087: 14082: 14007: 14002: 13997: 13937: 13724: 13250: 12987: 12455: 12425: 12322: 11529: 11367: 11325:"Castro thanks Pope Francis for brokering thaw between Cuba and US" 10935: 9227:

Cristero Rebellion: part 1 - toward the abyss : Mexico History

9012: 8752:

Pope Francis Is Credited With a Crucial Role in U.S.-Cuba Agreement

6903: 6791: 6787: 6755: 6719: 6683: 6679: 6601:

Orthodoxy and the Cold War: Religion and Political Power in Romania

5930: 5472: 5322: 5309:

Traditionally, a large segment of the Chinese population practiced

5178: 5174: 5025: 4717: 4707: 4309: 4205: 4197: 3979: 3801: 3720: 3367: 3293: 3198: 3158: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2371: 12416:"The Democratic People's Republic of Korea - USCIRF Annual Report" 10821:

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

10319:

Resisting Rebellion: The History and Politics of Counterinsurgency

8562:

China: Freedom of religious practice and belief in Fujian province

8254:: "Under the Khmer Rouge, all religious practices were forbidden." 6293:

Understanding Secularism in a Post-Communist State: Case of Serbia

5982:

could identify, since the Gallican Church held a dominant role in

5730:

There are five Christian churches in Pyongyang, three of them are

4383: 4319: 17586: 17480: 17465: 17431: 17079: 16630: 16617: 16479: 16357: 14012: 13906: 13886: 13859: 13834: 13738: 12414: 8997: 8737:

Castro thanks Pope Francis for brokering thaw between Cuba and US

8532:

Refworld - 2013 Report on International Religious Freedom - China

8366:- Chinese Communist Attitudes Towards Buddhism in Chinese History 7480:"Revelations from the Russian Archives: ANTI-RELIGIOUS CAMPAIGNS" 6811: 6803: 6779: 6751: 6723: 6715: 6711: 6691: 6667: 6659: 6651: 6586:- An Open Issue of Legitimacy: The State and the Church in Poland 5999: 5898: 5887: 5582: 5563: 5241: 5123: 5096: 4991: 4983: 4979: 4955: 4917:

From the late 1920s to the late 1930s, such organizations as the

4721: 4605: 4377: 4288: 4235:; this trend became especially militant during the middle of the 2446: 2332: 2312: 2285: 2260: 2183: 1727: 1057: 71: 12356: 9002:

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea - USCIRF Annual Report

8944: 8647:

Cuba libre? Castro was weakened by the fall of the Soviet Union.

5084:

operating philanthropic and welfare institutions and hospitals.

17709: 16392: 14961: 13992: 13891: 13869: 13864: 13814: 13047: 12596:"The Evolution of Religious Liberty as a Universal Human Right" 12526:"Cristero Rebellion: part 1 - toward the abyss: Mexico History" 12410:. U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom. Nov 2005. 12238:"China lodges protest with U.S. after religious freedom report" 12215:"U.N. official calls China's crackdown on Uighurs "disturbing"" 12177:"2013 Report on International Religious Freedom - China: Macau" 10242:"Chapter 10. Chinese Christianity: Indigenization and conflict" 10172:

Storming the Heavens: The Soviet League of the Militant Godless

7648:

Storming the Heavens: The Soviet League of the Militant Godless

7633:

Storming the Heavens: The Soviet League of the Militant Godless

6783: 6775: 6747: 6739: 6655: 5910: 5318: 5169:, and the 2011 census found that 58.79% of Albanians adhere to 4951: 4859: 4657: 3419: 2426: 2317: 2295: 2290: 2240: 29: 11004:

Lobkowicz, N. (1964). "Karl Marx's Attitude toward Religion".

10298:

Covering Castro: Rise and Decline of Cuba's Communist Dictator

10121:

The specter of genocide: mass murder in historical perspective

10075:

Russian Postmodernism: New Perspectives on Post-Soviet Culture

8412:(no preview available) Wild West China: The Taming of Xinjiang 8093:

A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology, and Folk Culture

6957:

Introducing Anthropology of Religion: Culture to the Ultimate.

6858: 6856: 6854: 6852: 6850: 6603:: "was to transform Romania into a communist atheist society." 6409:

Covering Castro: Rise and Decline of Cuba's Communist Dictator

5925:

A truce was negotiated with the assistance of U.S. Ambassador

5363:'s five officially sanctioned religious organizations are the 17534: 17421: 16962: 14971: 13819: 13299: 11572:"About the attitude of the working party toward the religion" 11385:"Despite some tensions, evangelical churches booming in Cuba" 9788:

Introducing Anthropology of Religion: Culture to the Ultimate

9557:

The Evolution of Religious Liberty as a Universal Human Right

9273:

The Mexican right: the end of revolutionary reform, 1929–1940

8592:

China lodges protest with U.S. after religious freedom report

8577:

U.N. official calls China's crackdown on Uighurs "disturbing"

7518: 7516: 6815: 6687: 6671: 5724: 5694: 5660: 5641: 5468: 5432: 5360: 5170: 4858:

of "state" and "atheism" ) was a major goal of the official

4333: 4280: 3429: 2245: 12788: 12174: 12155: 12031:. U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom]. 2012. 11625:"How Pope John Paul II Paved The Way For The U.S.-Cuba Thaw" 11091:

Hall, Derek R. (1999). "Representations of Place: Albania".

8542: 8527: 5157:

In 1990, the policy of state atheism was repealed. The 1998

15583: 15412: 12574:

International Federation for Human Rights (1 August 2003).

12362:

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

11932:

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

11604: 11591:"CUBA - Status of Government Respect for Religious Freedom" 10190: 9174:- American Catholics and Mexican Anticlericalism, 1933-1936 9147: 9145: 9143: 8797:

Despite some tensions, evangelical churches booming in Cuba

8687: 8247: 6967: 6965: 6847: 6735: 6699: 6240: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6075:

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

5411:, along with informal ties to local temples and unofficial 5119: 5019:. Along with granting Jewish autonomy, Stalin also allowed 4943: 4592: 4346: 4294: 4061: 3890: 11702:"International Religious Freedom Report 2009 – Kazakhstan" 9881:

Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases

8707:

How Pope John Paul II Paved The Way For The U.S.-Cuba Thaw

8596: 8160: 7513: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6535: 6356:

Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases

6230: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6212: 17411: 12275: 12193: 11310:"Pope Francis arrives in Havana, praising U.S.-Cuba thaw" 10071: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9125: 8870: 8692:

CUBA - Status of Government Respect for Religious Freedom

8677:

CUBA - Status of Government Respect for Religious Freedom

8602: 8557: 8451: 8449: 8025: 8023: 8021: 8019: 8017: 8015: 8013: 8011: 7859: 7844: 7829: 7799: 7384: 5966:

Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution

12622:"Mission to Russia - A Rabbi Eulogizes President Reagan" 12563:"The Cristeros: 20th century Mexico's Catholic uprising" 12476:"The constitution of the socialist republic of Viet Nam" 12318:"WHY EASTERN GERMANY IS THE MOST GODLESS PLACE ON EARTH" 12158:"2013 Report on International Religious Freedom - China" 9372:. Mathew A Price. Dorling Kindersley. pp. 176–177. 9212:

Rebellion: The History and Politics of Counterinsurgency

9140: 8940: 8938: 8132: 8130: 8038: 7735:

International Religious Freedom Report 2009 – Kazakhstan

6962: 6891: 6889: 6887: 5456:

and religious Taoism are incomparable to statistics for

12518:"THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE MARTIN-DEL-CAMPOs Part II" 12341: 12137:

Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for (2001).

11912:"CCPR General Comment 22: 30/07/93 on ICCPR Article 18" 11637:"Nie: Remembering the deaths of 1.7-million Cambodians" 8876: 8850:

Ostdeutschland: Wo der Atheist zu Hause ist (in German)

8820: 8801: 8722:

Pope Francis arrives in Havana, praising U.S.-Cuba thaw

6550: 6310: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6302: 6300: 6209: 17380: 13452:

Antireligious campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party

12474: 12260: 11947:"China - Country report - Freedom in the World - 2013" 11194:

Tonnes, Bernhard (2008). "Albania: An Atheist State".

10719:

Always Reforming: A History of Christianity Since 1300

10099:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 201. 9594:

Mission to Russia - A Rabbi Eulogizes President Reagan

9504: 9290: 9256:

The reconquest of Mexico: the years of Lázaro Cárdenas

9178: 9136:

The constitution of the socialist republic of Viet Nam

9131: 9021: 8866:

WHY EASTERN GERMANY IS THE MOST GODLESS PLACE ON EARTH

8855: 8455: 8446: 8205: 8008: 7668: 7423: 7421: 7419: 7093:"2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Cuba" 6572: 6366: 6364: 5917:, began to oppose him, and this opposition led to the 5481:

UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief

5285:

Antireligious campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party

5137:

The article was interpreted by Danes as violating The

17758: 13380:

Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia

13233:

Persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction

12664: 12638: 12576:"Discrimination against religious minorities in Iran" 12078:"ALBANIA 2013 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT" 11842: 11824: 11788: 11752:"International Religious Freedom Report – Kyrgyzstan" 11700: 11656:"China announces "civilizing" atheism drive in Tibet" 11635: 11425:

Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs

10437:

Triumphs and Tragedy: A History of the Mexican People

9527:

CCPR General Comment 22: 30/07/93 on ICCPR Article 18

9357:

Triumphs and Tragedy: A History of the Mexican People

8935: 8216:

Nie: Remembering the deaths of 1.7-million Cambodians

8211: 8127: 7865: 7850: 7835: 7805: 7730: 7724: 6913: 6884: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6541: 6284: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6276: 6274: 6194: 5028:, an autonomous republic in Russia). Art. 135 of the 47: Countries that currently practice state atheism 41: Countries that formerly practiced state atheism 12724: 12561: 12295: 11750: 11719: 10368:. Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972. : Kessinger Pub. Co. 9968:

Crude Continent: The Struggle for Africa's Oil Prize

9737:

Bullivant, Stephen Sebastien; Ruse, Michael (2015).

9516: 8910: 8845: 8502:

China - Country report - Freedom in the World - 2013

8190: 8053: 7889: 7784: 7775: 7769: 7745: 7739: 6297: 6267:

Crude Continent: The Struggle for Africa's Oil Prize

6041:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

5032:

protects individuals from religious discrimination.

4748:

Although Marx and Lenin were both atheists, several

4312:; it does not support religion, nor does it support 16275:

Relations between the Catholic Church and the state

12497: 12403: 12136: 11996:"Albania - The Cultural and Ideological Revolution" 11994: 9741:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 9542:

Discrimination against religious minorities in Iran

9487:

Religion, Society and Politics in France Since 1789

9253:Nathaniel Weyl; Mrs. Sylvia Castleton Weyl (1939). 9189: 8979: 8839: 8581: 8536: 8521: 8512: 8460:

International Religious Freedom Report 2007 — China

8416: 8303:

China announces "civilizing" atheism drive in Tibet

8141:

Albania 2013 International Religious Freedom Report

8049:- Albania - The Cultural and Ideological Revolution 8044: 7780:

International Religious Freedom Report – Kyrgyzstan

7572: 7570: 7416: 7140: 7128: 7046: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7017: 7015: 7013: 7011: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6361: 5354:

1978 Constitution of the People's Republic of China

5046:

Islam in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania

12123:"White Paper—Freedom of Religious Belief in China" 11910: 11335: 10434: 10266:The Canadian Monthly and National Review:Communism 10169: 9987: 9807: 9522: 9398: 8747: 8636: 8506: 8491: 8371: 8145: 8123:U.S. Commission On International Religious Freedom 6824: 6271: 5776:(MPRP) propagated atheism until the 1960s. In the 5512:has a sizeable group of fascist priests in Cuba." 5497:Until 1992, Cuba was officially an atheist state. 15547:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 12449: 12383:. Human Rights Watch. 7 July 2004. Archived from 12343:"East Germany the "most atheistic" of any region" 12278:"Religion shapes Cuba despite Castro's influence" 12121: 11976: 11513: 11350:"Pope Francis' role in Cuba stretches back years" 11347: 10582:. United States : Brigham Young University. 10480: 9203: 9201: 9043: 9037: 8762: 8566: 8422: 8241: 8029: 7754: 7674: 7594: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7347: 6948: 6946: 6944: 6611: 6609: 6200: 5813:constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 4933:Within about a year of the revolution, the state 4227:followed similar policies from 1917 onwards. The 4196:attempts by governments. To some extent, it is a 4025:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 17782: 12690:"Constitution of the People's Republic of China" 12676: 12276:Maldonado, Michelle Gonzalez (1 December 2016). 12194:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. 12175:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. 12156:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. 12076: 11945: 11769: 11496:"No religion for Chinese Communist Party cadres" 11494: 11217:"Grave Violation of Religious Rights in Albania" 10505:Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China 10246:Chinese society: change, conflict and resistance 10113: 9570: 9568: 9566: 9564: 9318: 9316: 9314: 9312: 9310: 9308: 8551: 8497: 8475:Chinese society: change, conflict and resistance 8427:White Paper—Freedom of Religious Belief in China 8266: 8262: 8260: 8136: 7895: 7790: 7703:"Russians Return to Religion, But Not to Church" 7683: 7567: 7331: 7035: 7008: 6981: 6370: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6323: 6057:'s 1941 State of the Union address, he outlined 5673:from 1948 to 1994, three churches were built in 5452:To some degree, statistics which are related to 4308:officially purports to be neutral in matters of 17347:Brazilian Association of Atheists and Agnostics 15207:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 12726:"Constitution of North Korea (1972, rev. 1998)" 12542: 11682: 11623: 11598:International Religious Freedom Report for 2011 11363:"The Castros Continue to Shut Churches in Cuba" 11221:Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe 10008: 9653: 9477: 9296: 9269: 9006: 8993: 8991: 8975: 8973: 8971: 8881:East Germany the "most atheistic" of any region 8786: 8767:Pope Francis' role in Cuba stretches back years 8702: 8681: 8607:Religion shapes Cuba despite Castro's influence 8292: 8276: 8225: 8223: 7904: 7427: 7267: 7265: 6919: 6437: 6435: 6314: 5570:. While the Cuban constitution now recognizes 5130:was executed for secretly baptizing a child in 4384:Countries that formerly practiced state atheism 4320:Countries that currently practice state atheism 3671:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 2075:Brazilian Association of Atheists and Agnostics 14689:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 13131:Decline of Buddhism in the Indian subcontinent 13125:Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire 11891: 11525:"Laos: A Nation With Religious Contradictions" 9947:Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo 9864:. Brill Academic/Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 9433:Freedom and religion in the nineteenth century 9276:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 43–45. 9198: 8919: 8726: 8696: 8442:Constitution of the People's Republic of China 8307: 8068: 7598: 7585: 7362: 7358:Canadian Monthly and National Review:Communism 7311: 6941: 6606: 6469: 6400: 6398: 6390:Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo 6375:No religion for Chinese Communist Party cadres 5933:and did not relent until 1940, when President 5392:Constitution of the People's Republic of China 3147:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 17396: 16978: 16006: 15702: 13754: 13312:Persecution of Christians in the Eastern Bloc 13119:Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire 12774: 12516: 12297:"Ostdeutschland: Wo der Atheist zu Hause ist" 12106: 11738: 11284: 10769:Froese, Paul; Pfaff, Steven (December 2005). 10263:Adam, Graeme Mercer; Stewart, George (1878). 9944:Clark, John F.; Decalo, Samuel (2012-08-09). 9736: 9561: 9331: 9305: 9109: 8915:Constitution of North Korea (1972, rev. 1998) 8782:The Castros Continue to Shut Churches in Cuba 8756: 8666: 8257: 8196: 8114: 8112: 7760: 7659: 7503: 7501: 7454: 7399: 7397: 7183:"Which countries are communist? | Britannica" 6971: 6862: 6625: 6590: 6419: 6417: 6338: 4150: 2144: 1601: 1030: 16:Official promotion of atheism by a government 13434:Violence against Hindus in independent India 12678:"Population by Religious Confession, census" 12639:Van den Bergh-Collier, Edda (January 2007). 12060: 11670: 11514:Marques de Morais, Rafael (April 27, 2014). 11473: 10961:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 10775:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 10669:Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia 10601:. Santa Clara: H & F Composing Service. 10390: 10244:. In Elizabeth J. Perry, Mark Selden (ed.). 9715: 9160: 8988: 8968: 8885: 8771: 8711: 8651: 8479: 8464: 8386: 8337: 8220: 8175: 8166: 7919: 7814: 7337: 7280: 7262: 7156: 6837: 6519: 6505: 6503: 6496:Laos: A Nation With Religious Contradictions 6485: 6432: 6329: 6106:Decline of Christianity in the Western world 5754:is an indigenous religion in Korea, and the 5746:and his mother were frequent patrons of the 5141:(chapter 9, article 55) which declares that 14905:List of people killed for being transgender 13646:Attacks by Islamic extremists in Bangladesh 13161:Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent 12433: 12316: 11964: 10768: 10743:Routledge Handbook of Religion and Politics 10526:The practice of Chinese Buddhism, 1900-1950 10522: 10262: 10050: 9943: 9805: 9583: 9429: 9401:A Cultural History of the French Revolution 9231: 9027: 8861: 8826: 8807: 8401: 8382:The practice of Chinese Buddhism, 1900-1950 8377: 8322: 7874: 7715: 7576: 7436: 7353: 7247: 7050: 6872: 6456: 6454: 6395: 6385: 6177: 6175: 6157: 6079:International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 5087:Although there were tactical variations in 4267:experienced strong state atheism policies. 3363:List of people killed for being transgender 17403: 17389: 16985: 16971: 15709: 15695: 13761: 13747: 12781: 12767: 12006: 11978:"Albania - Hoxha's Antireligious Campaign" 11654: 11234:"Religion and the Secular State Revisited" 10921: 10418:. Potomac Books Incorporated. p. 33. 9346: 9216: 8899:- Church and State: Lessons from Germany? 8431: 8352: 8298: 8109: 8059: 7900:Population by Religious Confession, census 7870:Population by Religious Confession, census 7607: 7507: 7498: 7394: 7368: 7296: 6414: 6379: 6256: 6244: 5866:On 14 June 1926, President Calles enacted 5385:State Administration for Religious Affairs 4157: 4143: 2151: 2137: 1608: 1594: 1037: 1023: 16790: 16660: 13281:Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars 12391: 11589: 11382: 11068:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 11003: 10801: 10529:. Harvard University Press. p. 393. 10484:Religion and Politics in Russia: A Reader 10391:Quesada, Vicente Fox; Allyn, Rob (2007). 10207: 10009:Franken, Leni; Loobuyck, Patrick (2011). 9878: 9857: 9686: 9674: 9598: 9546: 9510: 9361: 9151: 8953: 8925: 8904: 8792: 8741: 8672: 8517:Refworld - Religious Minorities and China 8282: 7705:. Pew Research Center. February 10, 2014. 7679:Religion and Politics in Russia: A Reader 7653: 7474: 7472: 7317: 7146: 7134: 6929: 6895: 6563: 6500: 6475: 6351: 6288: 5680:The North Korean government promotes the 1820:Relationship between atheism and religion 794:Female genital mutilation laws by country 16511: 15716: 14028:Social determinants of health in poverty 12573: 11806: 11546: 11537: 11454: 11322: 11214: 11159:The Mississippi Valley Historical Review 11061: 10818: 10698:The Constitutions of the Communist world 10594: 10459: 10114:Gellately, Robert; Kiernan, Ben (2006). 9604: 9537: 9322: 8732: 8662:The Constitutions of the Communist world 8313: 8074: 7989: 7820: 7637: 7622: 7558: 7460: 6631: 6596: 6578: 6451: 6172: 5986:. During a two-year period known as the 5948: 5881: 5650:Persecution of Christians in North Korea 5197: 4907:Political repression in the Soviet Union 4837: 4815: 4768:political repression in the Soviet Union 4619:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 4476:People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 2462:Social determinants of health in poverty 18: 13245:French Revolutionary dechristianisation 12711: 12641:"Towards Gender Equality in Mozambique" 12379: 12236: 11522: 11474:Kalkandjieva, Daniela (June 12, 2015). 11435: 11418: 10855: 10740: 10644: 10555:Wild West China: The Taming of Xinjiang 10411: 10361: 10146: 10029: 9922: 9836: 9763: 9654:Kideckel, David; Halpern, Joel (2000). 9574: 9483: 9396: 9367: 9337: 9259:. Oxford university press. p. 322. 9115: 8959: 8642: 8587: 7968: 7925: 7531:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7385:Epstein, Genis & Vladiv-Glover 2016 7286: 7271: 7162: 7021: 6994: 6878: 6525: 6491: 6441: 6163: 5954:The Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg 5944: 5823: 5818: 5807:is an atheist state as declared by its 5344:, student vigilantes who were known as 1105:Atheism during the Age of Enlightenment 17783: 16335: 13191:Forced conversions of Muslims in Spain 12620: 12087: 12035: 12024: 11926: 11893:"Russia - The Russian Orthodox Church" 11860: 11482: 11360: 11348:Los Angeles Times (18 December 2014). 11307: 11257: 11231: 11193: 11156: 11135: 11032: 10958: 10715: 10694: 10623: 10441:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 10294: 10277:Sacred Places Europe: 108 Destinations 10236: 10092: 9964: 9716:Bullivant, Stephen; Lee, Lois (2016). 9631:(7th ed.). London: Rough Guides. 9589: 9531: 9263: 9166: 8891: 8777: 8717: 8657: 8485: 8470: 8343: 8229: 8181: 8151: 8118: 7995: 7942:"Congress of the Peoples of Daghestan" 7910: 7885:Sacred Places Europe: 108 Destinations 7709: 7689: 7469: 7442: 7403: 7253: 6935: 6908:People's Socialist Republic of Albania 6460: 6404: 6262: 5846:Articles 3, 5, 24, 27, and 130 of the 5774:Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 5381:Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association 4580:People's Socialist Republic of Albania 17384: 16966: 16880: 16789: 16659: 16510: 16334: 16005: 15728: 15690: 13742: 13440:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 12762: 12688: 12593: 11771:"Background Note: Tajikistan (03/09)" 11569: 10761: 10665: 10572: 10551: 10336: 10273: 10167: 9901: 9784: 9552: 9436:. Stanford Univ. Press. p. 251. 9237: 8437: 8407: 8328: 8090: 7880: 7643: 7628: 7613: 7522: 7302: 6952: 6546:Towards Gender Equality in Mozambique 6423: 6029:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 5994:grew more violent than any in modern 5603:New states of Germany § Religion 5566:parishes, according to a report from 5030:1936 constitution of the Soviet Union 4881:were particularly hostile toward the 4489:People's Democratic Republic of Yemen 4239:, which lasted from 1929 to 1953. In 15918:Religious views on same-sex marriage 15729: 15671: 14711:Capital punishment for homosexuality 14033:Social determinants of mental health 12524: 11844:"Georgia Religion Facts & Stats" 11826:"Moldova Religion Facts & Stats" 11790:"Belarus Religion Facts & Stats" 11538:Campbell, Leslie (August 27, 2015). 11090: 10884: 10481:Mandelstam Balzer, Marjorie (2009). 10432: 10315: 10176:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 9985: 9624: 9352: 9222: 9207: 9061:"Religion in Pyongyang, North Korea" 9013:"uscirf.gov: N.Korea 2" & NKorea 8358: 8287:Christian Values in Communist China. 7969:Service, Robert (21 February 2011). 7603:Russia - The Russian Orthodox Church 7527:Religious Policy in the Soviet Union 7328:: "Marx, of course, was an atheist." 7326:Karl Marx's Attitude toward Religion 6615: 6509: 6181: 5530:led the country to declare itself a 3169:Capital punishment for homosexuality 2467:Social determinants of mental health 17811:Religious persecution by communists 14831:Genital modification and mutilation 13584:Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War 13534:Persecution of Hindus in Bangladesh 13446:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 13239:Christianization of the Sámi people 12212: 12008:"The Albanian Constitution of 1976" 11547:Campbell, Charlie (25 April 2016). 11383:Rodríguez, Andrea (27 March 2017). 10645:Nielsen, Niels C. Jr (2018-03-08). 10501: 10211:Christian Values in Communist China 9965:Clarke, Duncan (February 1, 2009). 8572: 8392: 7795:Background Note: Tajikistan (03/09) 7523:Ramet, Sabrina Petra., ed. (1993). 6189:- Representations of Place: Albania 5431:Muslims, 1%, with more than 20,000 5167:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 4663: 4645:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 4188:. It is considered the opposite of 3289:Genital modification and mutilation 1576: 13: 13768: 12738: 11516:"Religion and the State in Angola" 11397:from the original on 13 April 2024 11308:Miroff, Nick (19 September 2015). 11292:. December 7, 1931. Archived from 11250: 11238:Australian Religion Studies Review 10316:Joes, Anthony James (2006-08-18). 9840:Atheism: A Very Short Introduction 9617: 7855:Georgia Religion Facts & Stats 7840:Moldova Religion Facts & Stats 7810:Belarus Religion Facts & Stats 7276:Atheism: A Very Short Introduction 5634:Freedom of religion in North Korea 5607:State Secretary for Church Affairs 5233:rule of Cambodia from 1975 to 1979 5017:antisemitism in the Russian Empire 4842:1929 cover of the Soviet magazine 4764:Atheism: A Very Short Introduction 4724:, the 19th-century German thinker 4424:Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 4192:and may also refer to large-scale 14: 17827: 13428:Violence against Muslims in India 13422:Persecution of Hindus in Pakistan 13368:Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses 11411: 10412:Scheina, Robert L. (2003-07-01). 10033:Historical Dictionary of Mongolia 9660:. Penn State Press. p. 165. 9405:. Yale University Press. p. 9132:vietnamnews.vn & constitution 9120:Historical Dictionary of Mongolia 8543:refworld.org: Macau province 2013 8528:refworld.org: China Religion 2013 8064:The Albanian Constitution of 1976 7066: 6530:Historical Dictionary of Mongolia 5417:United States Department of State 4812:Soviet anti-religious legislation 4301:as part of its new constitution. 2021:List of irreligious organizations 799:Legal aspects of ritual slaughter 117:Catholic priests in public office 17768: 17744: 17322:Freedom From Religion Foundation 15783:Constitutional references to God 15746:Anti-clericalism and Freemasonry 15670: 15661: 15660: 15310:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 15147:Law for Protection of the Nation 15047:White genocide conspiracy theory 13723: 12712:Buckley, William F. Jr. (2011). 12264:. U.S. Department of State. 2007 12139:"Religious Minorities and China" 11523:Stiller, Brian (June 18, 2013). 11485:"Christians in Marxist Ethiopia" 11361:Bandow, Doug (1 February 2016). 11150:10.1111/j.1467-923X.2004.00599.x 10973:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2004.00216.x 10787:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2005.00294.x 10322:. University Press of Kentucky. 10269:. Adam, Stevenson & Company. 10096:Problematizing Religious Freedom 10093:Sharma, Arvind (8 August 2011). 9837:Baggini, Julian (26 June 2003). 9490:. A&C Black. pp. 1–28. 9468: 9459: 9450: 9430:Helmstadter, Richard J. (1997). 9423: 9390: 9246: 9095: 9081: 9067: 9053: 8688:Berkley Center for Religion 2017 8612: 8348:Problematizing Religious Freedom 8248:britannica.com: Khmer Rouge 2019 8034:- Hoxha's Antireligious Campaign 7765:The World Factbook: Turkmenistan 6205:Religion and the State in Angola 5688:and Kim Il Sung, described as a 5646:North Korean cult of personality 4706:which professes allegiance to a 4650: 4637: 4624: 4611: 4598: 4585: 4572: 4559: 4546: 4533: 4520: 4507: 4494: 4481: 4468: 4455: 4442: 4429: 4416: 4403: 4390: 4370: 4357: 4347:Lao People's Democratic Republic 4339: 4326: 3780:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 3611:Law for Protection of the Nation 3505:White genocide conspiracy theory 2182: 2050:Freedom From Religion Foundation 1575: 1563: 1552: 1551: 28:, with a few exceptions such as 15898:Religious rejection of politics 15152:MSM blood donation restrictions 14900:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 13700:2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel 13670:Persecution of Uyghurs in China 12594:Davis, Derek H. (6 June 2002). 11436:Kellner, Mark A. (2014-10-31). 10745:. Routledge. pp. 174–191. 10280:. CCC Publishing. p. 148. 10214:. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. 10036:. Scarecrow Press. p. 10. 10030:Sanders, Alan (April 9, 2003). 8930:The World Factbook: North Korea 8084: 7962: 7948: 7934: 7695: 7223: 7199: 7175: 7110: 7085: 7060: 6640: 6012: 5588: 5528:dissolution of the Soviet Union 5246:1,500-year-old mark on Cambodia 4893:) and saw it as a supporter of 4808:Secularism in Georgia (country) 4777: 4541:People's Republic of Mozambique 4398:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic 3616:MSM blood donation restrictions 3358:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 1143:Discrimination against atheists 17312:Atheist Alliance International 17070:Separation of church and state 16992: 16841:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism 15961:Separation of church and state 15165:(as religious or racial quota) 13688:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 13658:Genocide of Christians by ISIL 13392:Communist Romanian persecution 12405:"Thank You Father Kim Il Sung" 11861:Miller, Tracy (October 2009). 11419:Hertzke, Allen (17 Feb 2015). 10802:Fernandez, Jose (2002-05-01). 10624:Raines, John C. (March 2002). 10295:Mallin, Jay (1 January 1994). 10124:. Cambridge University Press. 9971:. Profile Books. p. 194. 9843:. OUP Oxford. pp. 82–90. 9739:The Oxford handbook of atheism 8603:theconversation.com: Cuba 2016 8045:country-data.com & Albania 6976:The Oxford handbook of atheism 6867:The Oxford handbook of atheism 6465:Christians in Marxist Ethiopia 6025:international human rights law 5856:separation of church and state 5815:recognizes religious freedom. 5623: 5568:Christian Solidarity Worldwide 5050:Freedom of religion in Albania 4762:devotes a chapter of his book 4694:which is characterized by the 4567:People's Republic of the Congo 3629:(as religious or racial quota) 2040:Atheist Alliance International 1712:Separation of church and state 1158:Separation of church and state 984:Christian countercult movement 893:Oriental Orthodox Christianity 102:Separation of church and state 1: 17801:Persecution by atheist states 17506:Negative and positive atheism 17496:Implicit and explicit atheism 17307:American Humanist Association 15579:Second-generation gender bias 15295:Constitutional colorblindness 14023:Social determinants of health 13706:2024 Istanbul church shooting 13682:Christchurch mosque shootings 13470:Religious violence in Nigeria 13464:Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria 12646:. p. 180. Archived from 12499:"1917 Constitution of Mexico" 12064:. Central Intelligence Agency 12062:"The World Factbook: Albania" 11721:"Background Note: Uzbekistan" 11540:"Yemen: The Tribal Islamists" 11258:Shenon, Philip (1992-01-02). 10651:. Routledge. pp. 77–78. 10466:. la University of Michigan. 9879:Wessinger, Catherine (2000). 9612: 9089:"Korean Christian Federation" 8558:refworld.org: Fujian province 7097:United States Embassy in Cuba 5805:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 5377:Three-Self Patriotic Movement 5365:Buddhist Association of China 5301:, stated that members of the 5255:, "the Khmer Rouge repressed 4632:Socialist Republic of Romania 4528:People's Republic of Bulgaria 4378:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 4204:relationship that is usually 4057:Second-generation gender bias 3765:Constitutional colorblindness 2457:Social determinants of health 2035:American Humanist Association 1427:Atheism: The Case Against God 1082:Negative and positive atheism 1072:Implicit and explicit atheism 888:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 829:Traditional African religions 17256:Letter to a Christian Nation 16093:German Christians (movement) 16079:Evangelical environmentalism 13596:War crimes in the Kosovo War 13386:Communist Polish persecution 13257:1860 Mount Lebanon civil war 13185:Crusades against schismatics 12364:. 2008-03-18. Archived from 12345:. Dialog International. 2012 12244:. 4 May 2015. Archived from 12091:. Gallup.com. Archived from 11949:. 2013-01-09. Archived from 11773:. 2009-08-30. Archived from 11754:. 2019-03-30. Archived from 11723:. 2010-07-02. Archived from 11704:. 2012-03-18. Archived from 11639:. 2015-06-26. Archived from 11576:Collected works, v. 17, p.41 10870:10.1080/01402380412331300177 10558:. Rutgers University Press. 10433:Ruiz, Ramón Eduardo (1992). 10362:Denslow, William R. (1957). 10051:Fitzpatrick, Sheila (1996). 9994:. Cornell University Press. 9770:. Rowman & Littlefield. 8998:"uscirf.gov: N.Korea 1" 2010 8984:Thank You Father Kim Il Sung 8877:dialoginternational.com 2012 8267:Gellately & Kiernan 2006 8030:country-data.com & Hoxha 7720:Department of State - Russia 5848:Mexican Constitution of 1917 5599:East Germany § Religion 5595:Christianity in East Germany 5373:Islamic Association of China 5277:Freedom of religion in China 4788:Religion in the Soviet Union 1976:Letter to a Christian Nation 784:Apostasy in Islam by country 7: 16931:Religious aspects of Nazism 16184:Christian reconstructionism 15490:Medical model of disability 15342:Hate speech laws by country 12083:. U.S. Department of State. 11196:Religion in Communist Lands 11035:Journal of Church and State 10833:10.1177/0002716286483001011 10672:. Allen Lane. p. 271. 10630:. Temple University Press. 10508:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 10057:. Oxford University Press. 9923:Stanton, Andrea L. (2012). 9810:The state of religion atlas 9722:. Oxford University Press. 9693:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 8945:"uscirf.gov: N. Korea" 2012 8456:US state: Rel. Freedom 2007 8171:The World Factbook: Albania 8156:archived page (in Albanian) 7825:The World Factbook: Belarus 7750:Background Note: Uzbekistan 7055:The state of religion atlas 6920:Franken & Loobuyck 2011 6636:Yemen: The Tribal Islamists 6315:Kideckel & Halpern 2000 6084: 5778:Mongolian People's Republic 5761: 5193: 4919:League of Militant Atheists 4744:befuddle the working class. 4554:People's Republic of Poland 4502:People's Republic of Angola 4463:Mongolian People's Republic 4450:Hungarian People's Republic 3968:Medical model of disability 3812:Hate speech laws by country 804:Religious male circumcision 10: 17832: 17517:Theological noncognitivism 17117:Discrimination/Persecution 16597:Jewish political movements 16073:Christian environmentalism 15885:Religion and peacebuilding 15599:Social model of disability 14078:Discrimination against men 11684:"Anti-religious Campaigns" 10301:. Transaction Publishers. 10248:. Routledge. p. 239. 9858:Temperman, Jeroen (2010). 9785:Eller, Jack David (2014). 9764:Hertzke, Allen D. (2006). 9628:The rough guide to Vietnam 9297:Enc. Colombia & Calles 9075:"Chilgol Church Pyongyang" 8212:StPetersburg Cambodia 2015 8000:Albania: An Atheist State 7731:US state - Kazakhstan 2012 7067:B. S., Political Science. 6620:The rough guide to Vietnam 6542:Van den Bergh-Collier 2007 6016: 5963: 5854:, who sought to enact the 5827: 5796: 5792: 5782:invaded by Japanese troops 5765: 5627: 5592: 5490: 5369:Chinese Taoist Association 5270: 5212: 5147:Commission on Human Rights 5039: 5035: 4781: 4667: 4515:People's Republic of Benin 4437:German Democratic Republic 4334:People's Republic of China 4291:, are officially atheist. 4077:Social model of disability 2512:Discrimination against men 1750:Discrimination/Persecution 1274:Theological noncognitivism 17742: 17418: 17354: 17293: 17203: 17177: 17144: 17078: 17000: 16887: 16881: 16876: 16796: 16785: 16668: 16655: 16519: 16506: 16343: 16330: 16014: 16008:Christianity and politics 16001: 15735: 15724: 15656: 15395: 15272: 15065: 14952:Opposition to immigration 14676: 14323: 14170: 13920: 13870:Race / Ethnicity 13807: 13776: 13720: 13628:South Thailand insurgency 13604:Walisongo school massacre 13572:Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus 13221:Expulsion of the Moriscos 13197:European wars of religion 13111: 12955: 12800: 11208:10.1080/09637497508430712 11018:10.1017/S0034670500005076 10899:10.1017/S0305741000048682 10552:Tyler, Christian (2004). 10460:Leustean, Lucian (2009). 10208:Wielander, Gerda (2013). 9908:. Duke University Press. 9885:Syracuse University Press 9687:Zuckerman, Phil. (2009). 9370:The Story of Christianity 9368:Collins, Michael (1999). 8846:focus.de: E. Germany 2012 8095:. NYU Press. p. 18. 7866:nationmaster.com: Ukraine 7851:nationmaster.com: Georgia 7836:nationmaster.com: Moldova 7806:nationmaster.com: Belarus 7776:US state: Kyrgyzstan 2001 7746:US state: Uzbekistan 2010 6972:Bullivant & Ruse 2015 6902:: "Before the end of the 6863:Bullivant & Ruse 2015 6003:Cult of the Supreme Being 5656:North Korean constitution 5638:Irreligion in North Korea 5615:Though Article 39 of the 5550:visited Cuba in 2012 and 5205:bullet holes left at the 5161:defined the country as a 4909:was widespread and while 3410:Opposition to immigration 2296:Race / Ethnicity 789:Blasphemy laws by country 17791:Anti-religious sentiment 17366:Disestablishmentarianism 17342:Recovering from Religion 17270:Why I Am Not a Christian 16897:Disestablishmentarianism 16160:Christian libertarianism 16068:Christian egalitarianism 16029:Christian anti-communism 14947:Occupational segregation 14716:Compulsory sterilization 13018:Extrajudicial punishment 12666:"Ukraine Religion Stats" 11970:U.S. Department of State 11455:Van Hove, Brian (1996). 11323:Scammell, Rosie (2015). 11286:"Staggerers Unstaggered" 11093:The Geographical Journal 11074:10.1017/cbo9780511598838 10695:Simons, William (1980). 10365:10,000 famous freemasons 10345:Lynne Rienner Publishers 10337:Shirk, David A. (2005). 9806:O'Brien, Joanne (1993). 9675:Avramović, Sima (2007). 9270:John W. Sherman (1997). 9190:Mexico-Constitution 1917 9172:(Subscription required.) 8980:uscirf: Kim-Il-Sung 2005 8911:wikisource.org: N. Korea 8513:refworld.org: China 2001 7432:Anti-religious Campaigns 7235:dictionary.cambridge.org 6838:Bullivant & Lee 2016 6818:, or more specifically, 6151: 5984:pre-revolutionary France 5394:of 1982 specifies that: 5266: 5173:, making it the largest 5009:Jewish Autonomous Oblast 4800:Irreligion in Azerbaijan 4796:Irreligion in Kazakhstan 4752:groups exist, including 4674:Marxist–Leninist atheism 4176:is the incorporation of 3405:Occupational segregation 3174:Compulsory sterilization 2103:Disestablishmentarianism 2070:Recovering from Religion 1990:Why I Am Not a Christian 224:Central African Republic 77:Religious discrimination 17806:Religion and government 17410: 17361:Countries by irreligion 17337:Rational Response Squad 17327:Humanists International 17228:The Demon-Haunted World 16892:American civil religion 16801:Buddhist anti-communism 16114:Protestant Reich Church 15475:Internalized oppression 15337:Fighting Discrimination 15327:Fat acceptance movement 15285:Anti-discrimination law 14925:Native American mascots 13711:Crocus City Hall attack 13458:Persecution of Tibetans 13215:French Wars of Religion 13137:Yellow Turban Rebellion 12544:"Plutarco Elias Calles" 12089:"Gallup Global Reports" 11676:Encyclopedia Britannica 11483:Doulos, Mikael (1986). 11457:"Blood-Drenched Altars" 11232:Maddox, Marion (1998). 11215:Sinishta, Gjon (1983). 11138:The Political Quarterly 11062:Anderson, John (1994). 10724:Mercer University Press 10666:Overy, Richard (2004). 10595:Sinishta, Gjon (1976). 10397:. Penguin. p. 17. 10194:Encyclopedia Britannica 10191:"Cambodia - Religion". 10147:Thrower, James (1983). 9986:Haas, Ernst B. (1997). 9902:Ramet, Sabrina (1998). 9719:A Dictionary of Atheism 9523:minorityrights.org 1993 9474:Fremont-Barnes, p. 119. 9397:Kennedy, Emmet (1989). 8897:(subscription required) 8832:(subscription required) 8827:Froese & Pfaff 2005 8813:(subscription required) 8808:Froese & Pfaff 2005 8748:The New York Times 2014 8378:Welch & Holmes 1973 8364:(subscription required) 8235:(subscription required) 8002:(subscription required) 7448:(subscription required) 7409:(subscription required) 7354:Adam & Stewart 1878 7324:(subscription required) 7207:"Leninism | Britannica" 7168:(subscription required) 6842:A Dictionary of Atheism 6584:(subscription required) 6480:Atheism and Secularity. 6386:Clark & Decalo 2012 6250:(subscription required) 6187:(subscription required) 6031:is designed to protect 6019:History of human rights 5700:Korean ultranationalism 5630:Religion in North Korea 5486: 5327:1949 Chinese Revolution 5303:Chinese Communist Party 5159:Constitution of Albania 4883:Russian Orthodox Church 3953:Internalized oppression 3807:Fighting Discrimination 3797:Fat acceptance movement 3755:Anti-discrimination law 3383:Native American mascots 2098:Countries by irreligion 2065:Rational Response Squad 2055:Humanists International 1948:The Demon-Haunted World 1229:Inconsistent revelation 1223:Incompatible properties 1138:Demographics of atheism 979:New religious movements 725:Palestinian territories 17671:Naturalistic pantheism 16743:Hindu environmentalism 16569:Revisionist Maximalism 16048:Christian anti-Zionism 16034:Christian anti-Masonry 15854:Religious anti-Zionism 15849:Religious anti-Masonry 15594:Social identity threat 15567:Reverse discrimination 15557:Racial color blindness 15037:Violence against women 15017:Sex-selective abortion 13664:Iraqi Turkmen genocide 13640:Maspero demonstrations 13488:Huế Phật Đản shootings 12326:. 2012. Archived from 11918:. 1993. Archived from 11006:The Review of Politics 10858:West European Politics 10716:Atwood, Craig (2001). 10523:Welch; Holmes (1973). 10168:Peris, Daniel (1998). 9690:Atheism and Secularity 9044:foxnews.com: Cuba 2013 8763:Los Angeles Times 2014 8423:china-embassy.org 1997 8091:Elsie, Robert (2001). 7675:Mandelstam Balzer 2009 7664:Staggerers Unstaggered 6201:Marques de Morais 2014 5961: 5922:innocent individuals. 5890: 5756:Chondoist Chongu Party 5710:Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk 5401: 5311:Chinese folk religions 5210: 5163:parliamentary republic 5139:United Nations Charter 4950:Since the Soviet era, 4847: 4835: 4746: 4678:Communism and religion 4072:Social identity threat 4045:Reverse discrimination 4035:Racial color blindness 3495:Violence against women 3475:Sex-selective abortion 972:Religious antisemitism 50: 17277:Why I Am Not a Muslim 17127:Negative and positive 17122:Implicit and explicit 17020:Criticism of religion 16936:Creativity (religion) 16791:Buddhism and politics 16662:Hinduism and politics 16353:Human Rights in Islam 16270:Political Catholicism 16176:Christian peacemaking 16165:Christian nationalism 16107:Positive Christianity 16058:Christian corporatism 15903:Religious segregation 15874:Religious nationalism 15562:Religious intolerance 15522:Political correctness 15352:Intersex human rights 15300:Cultural assimilation 14982:Religious persecution 14746:Disability hate crime 13634:Boko Haram insurgency 13293:Pontic Greek genocide 13203:Ottoman–Habsburg wars 13013:Extrajudicial killing 12790:Religious persecution 12213:Wee, Sui-Lee (2015). 11899:. Library of Congress 11570:Lenin, V. I. (1996). 10340:Mexico's New Politics 10153:. Walter de Gruyter. 9327:Blood-Drenched Altars 9301:Plutarco Elias Calles 9242:Mexico's New Politics 8498:freedomhouse.org 2013 8137:US-State_Albania 2013 8060:bjoerna & Albania 7099:(in European Spanish) 7069:"Religion in Vietnam" 6371:deccanherald.com 2011 6131:Religious persecution 6055:Franklin D. Roosevelt 5952: 5927:Dwight Whitney Morrow 5885: 5852:Plutarco Elías Calles 5738:, and one of them is 5611:Irreligion in Germany 5396: 5350:reform and opening up 5201: 5054:Irreligion in Albania 4911:religious persecution 4885:(which supported the 4856:syllabic abbreviation 4841: 4819: 4804:Irreligion in Estonia 4741: 4658:United Mexican States 4040:Religious intolerance 4000:Political correctness 3822:Intersex human rights 3770:Cultural assimilation 3440:Religious persecution 3204:Disability hate crime 2125:Irreligion by country 1997:Why I Am Not a Muslim 1783:Negative and positive 1778:Implicit and explicit 1662:Criticism of religion 1201:Fate of the unlearned 1179:Arguments for atheism 1133:Criticism of religion 821:Religious persecution 22: 17796:Politics and atheism 17678:Philosophical theism 17263:The System of Nature 17030:Organized secularism 16926:Neopaganist feminism 16821:Buddhist nationalism 16643:World Agudath Israel 16513:Judaism and politics 16373:Islamic anti-Zionism 16368:Islamic anti-Masonry 16100:National Catholicism 15908:Religious separatism 15834:Organized secularism 15793:Engaged Spirituality 15718:Religion in politics 14967:Political repression 13973:Anti-left handedness 13963:Anti-intellectualism 13616:September 11 attacks 13552:1984 anti-Sikh riots 13416:Rawalpindi massacres 13362:White Terror (Spain) 13173:Massacre at Ayyadieh 13058:Population cleansing 12548:www.encyclopedia.com 12393:"The World Factbook" 11848:www.nationmaster.com 11830:www.nationmaster.com 11794:www.nationmaster.com 11740:"The World Factbook" 11296:on December 23, 2007 11047:10.1093/jcs/37.4.913 10502:Xie, Zhibin (2006). 10274:Olsen, Brad (2007). 9154:, pp. 435–452, 9103:"What is Chondoism?" 8703:Huffington Post 2014 7896:Statistics Lithuania 7791:US state: Tajikistan 6898:, pp. 140–141, 6865:, pp. 461–462, 6581:, pp. 118–134, 6566:, pp. 141–145, 6247:, pp. 426–441, 6027:. Article 18 of the 5974:Religion of Humanity 5945:Revolutionary France 5939:Mexican Constitution 5935:Manuel Ávila Camacho 5886:Cristeros hanged in 5824:Revolutionary Mexico 5819:Non-communist states 5809:communist government 5768:Religion in Mongolia 5721:Francis Hong Yong-ho 5524:Constitution of Cuba 5517:Bay of Pigs Invasion 5227:actively persecuted 5219:Religion in Cambodia 5215:Democratic Kampuchea 4792:Irreligion in Russia 4754:Christian communists 4670:Marxism and religion 4411:Democratic Kampuchea 3425:Political repression 2407:Anti-left handedness 2397:Anti-intellectualism 1983:The System of Nature 1769:Forms and variations 1672:Organized secularism 1527:Criticism of atheism 1518:Atheism and religion 1469:The System of Nature 1354:Christopher Hitchens 82:Religious censorship 17661:Classical pantheism 17284:Why I Am an Atheist 16859:Humanistic Buddhism 16534:Jewish anti-Zionism 16348:Hui pan-nationalism 16243:Liberation theology 16199:Christian socialism 16063:Christian democracy 16053:Christian communism 16024:Christian anarchism 15913:Religious socialism 15859:Religious communism 15844:Religious anarchism 15819:Freedom of religion 15470:Historical eugenics 15007:Segregation academy 14987:Religious terrorism 14776:Enemy of the people 14684:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 14210:Jehovah's Witnesses 14103:Perpetual foreigner 13528:Bangladesh genocide 13508:Cultural Revolution 13500:Xá Lợi Pagoda raids 13263:Circassian genocide 13149:Rhineland massacres 13063:Population transfer 13028:Forced displacement 12840:Jehovah's Witnesses 12095:on January 27, 2013 12037:"Njoftim per Media" 11879:on October 10, 2009 11870:Pew Research Center 11629:The Huffington Post 11343:. 18 December 2014. 11315:The Washington Post 11105:1999GeogJ.165..161H 10887:The China Quarterly 9950:. Scarecrow Press. 9625:Dodd, Jan. (2003). 8252:Cambodia - Religion 7484:Library of Congress 7428:Congress Library AR 6116:History of religion 5960:, depicted in 1794. 5897:states, especially 5799:Religion in Vietnam 5717:bishop of Pyongyang 5698:ideology, based on 5682:cult of personality 5572:freedom of religion 5538:contributed to the 5405:ancestor veneration 5342:Cultural Revolution 5291:freedom of religion 5281:Irreligion in China 5069:Agrarian Reform Law 5042:Religion in Albania 5011:was established by 4844:Bezbozhnik u stanka 4832:Abrahamic religions 4823:Bezbozhnik u Stanka 4750:religious communist 4730:opium of the people 4700:dominant-party rule 3948:Historical eugenics 3465:Segregation academy 3445:Religious terrorism 3234:Enemy of the people 3142:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 2652:Jehovah's Witnesses 2537:Perpetual foreigner 2004:Why I Am an Atheist 1384:Friedrich Nietzsche 1244:Omnipotence paradox 1052:Part of a series on 92:Religious pluralism 57:Freedom of religion 17612:Ethical monotheism 17444:Conceptions of God 17317:Center for Inquiry 17221:Breaking the Spell 17045:Secular liberalism 16921:Khalistan movement 16849:Buddhist socialism 16816:Buddhist modernism 16773:Uniform civil code 16475:Political quietism 16337:Islam and politics 16315:Neo-ultramontanism 16289:Sphere sovereignty 16189:Christian republic 16170:Christian pacifism 16136:Christian humanism 16122:Christian feminism 15928:Secular liberalism 15879:Religious pacifism 15864:Religious humanism 15839:Political religion 15382:Social integration 15377:Self-determination 15367:Racial integration 15315:Diversity training 15305:Cultural pluralism 15280:Affirmative action 15180:Racial segregation 15090:Crime of apartheid 14992:Religious violence 14502:Indigenous people 13897:Sexual orientation 13622:2002 Gujarat riots 13546:Cambodian genocide 13540:Lebanese Civil War 13318:Soviet persecution 13155:Jerusalem massacre 13068:Sectarian violence 13053:Political violence 12550:. Encyclopedia.com 12530:www.mexconnect.com 11916:Minorityrights.org 11341:The New York Times 11264:The New York Times 10924:The Russian Review 10762:Journal references 10722:. Macon, Georgia: 10078:. Berghahn Books. 10015:. Waxmann Verlag. 8197:Yale-Cambodia 2004 7972:Lenin: A Biography 7928:, pp. 77–78, 7660:Time magazine 1931 7599:countrystudies.com 7510:, pp. 426–441 7231:"marxism-leninism" 7211:www.britannica.com 7187:www.britannica.com 6676:Bosnia-Herzegovina 6111:History of Atheism 6047:Theodore Roosevelt 6035:, conscience, and 6033:freedom of thought 6005:and the atheistic 5990:, the episodes of 5962: 5891: 5879:anti-Catholicism. 5834:Mexican Revolution 5830:Religion in Mexico 5786:Soviet-style purge 5690:political religion 5390:Article 36 of the 5211: 5093:organized religion 4924:Gregorian calendar 4848: 4836: 4784:Religion in Russia 4692:form of government 3852:Social integration 3847:Self-determination 3837:Racial integration 3785:Diversity training 3775:Cultural pluralism 3750:Affirmative action 3644:Racial segregation 3554:Crime of apartheid 3450:Religious violence 2952:Indigenous people 2323:Sexual orientation 2045:Center for Inquiry 1941:Breaking the Spell 1687:Secular liberalism 1434:Breaking the Spell 1369:Michael Lou Martin 1195:Evil God challenge 1100:History of atheism 147:Confessional state 51: 17756: 17755: 17715:Theistic finitism 17641:Nontrinitarianism 17491:Christian atheism 17378: 17377: 17302:American Atheists 17214:The Age of Reason 16960: 16959: 16956: 16955: 16910: 16872: 16871: 16843: 16836: 16829: 16806:Buddhist feminism 16781: 16780: 16753:Indigenous Aryans 16748:Integral humanism 16727: 16720: 16713: 16706: 16698:Hindu nationalism 16651: 16650: 16620: 16607:Jewish secularism 16571: 16564: 16548:Jewish Autonomism 16542: 16502: 16501: 16494:Two-nation theory 16488: 16454: 16431:Islamic socialism 16415: 16408: 16401: 16378:Islamic democracy 16363:Islamic anarchism 16326: 16325: 16317: 16283: 16248:Maronite politics 16228:Dominion Theology 16218:Christian Zionism 16207: 16178: 16154: 16130: 16116: 16109: 16102: 16095: 16087:Christian fascism 16081: 16042: 15997: 15996: 15963: 15956: 15887: 15829:Identity politics 15813: 15811:Womanist theology 15806: 15798:Feminist theology 15772: 15748: 15684: 15683: 15552:Racism by country 15480:Intersectionality 15465:Heteronormativity 15264:Voter suppression 15012:Sexual harassment 14811:Forced conversion 14731:Cultural genocide 14401:African Americans 14220:post–Cold War era 14205:Eastern Orthodoxy 13958:Anti-drug addicts 13953:Anti-homelessness 13880:Scientific racism 13736: 13735: 13676:Rohingya genocide 13404:Direct Action Day 13356:Šahovići massacre 13306:Armenian genocide 13300:Assyrian genocide 13187:(13th–15th cent.) 13181:(12th–16th cent.) 13179:Northern Crusades 13023:Forced conversion 12973:Cultural genocide 12968:Communal violence 12850:post–Cold War era 12835:Eastern Orthodoxy 12730:en.wikisource.org 12399:. 6 October 2021. 12248:on 3 October 2015 11897:countrystudies.us 11746:. 6 October 2021. 11354:Los Angeles Times 11083:978-0-511-59883-8 10752:978-0-415-41455-5 10733:978-0-86554-679-0 10708:978-90-286-0070-6 10679:978-0-7139-9309-7 10658:978-0-429-98131-9 10637:978-1-59213-805-0 10608:978-0-317-18715-1 10565:978-0-8135-3533-3 10536:978-0-674-69700-3 10515:978-0-7546-5648-7 10494:978-0-7656-2415-4 10473:978-0-230-59494-4 10452:978-0-393-31066-5 10425:978-1-57488-452-4 10404:978-0-670-01839-0 10375:978-1-4179-7578-5 10354:978-1-58826-270-7 10329:978-0-8131-9170-6 10308:978-1-4128-2053-0 10287:978-1-888729-12-2 10255:978-0-415-56073-3 10221:978-1-317-97604-2 10183:978-0-8014-3485-3 10160:978-90-279-3060-6 10131:978-0-521-82063-9 10106:978-90-481-8993-9 10085:978-1-78238-864-7 10064:978-0-19-510459-2 10043:978-0-8108-7452-7 10022:978-3-8309-7543-4 10001:978-0-8014-3109-8 9978:978-1-84765-455-7 9957:978-0-8108-7989-8 9936:978-1-4129-8176-7 9915:978-0-8223-2070-8 9894:978-0-8156-2809-5 9871:978-90-04-18148-9 9850:978-0-19-280424-2 9821:978-0-671-79376-0 9798:978-1-138-02491-5 9777:978-0-7425-4732-2 9748:978-0-19-874507-5 9729:978-0-19-181681-9 9700:978-0-313-35182-2 9667:978-0-271-04435-4 9638:978-1-4053-8973-0 9497:978-1-85285-057-9 9443:978-0-8047-3087-7 9416:978-0-300-04426-3 9379:978-0-7513-0467-1 9283:978-0-275-95736-0 8167:CIA: Albania 2013 8102:978-0-8147-2214-5 7982:978-0-330-47633-1 7975:. Pan Macmillan. 7761:CIA: Turkmenistan 7542:978-0-521-41643-6 7165:, pp. 1–22, 6330:Kalkandjieva 2015 5811:. Art. 24 of the 5734:, one of them is 5692:, as well as the 5667:international law 5548:Pope Benedict XVI 5536:Pope John Paul II 5477:Heiner Bielefeldt 5295:General Secretary 5273:Religion in China 5152:Danish Parliament 5143:religious freedom 4895:Tsarist autocracy 4891:Russian Civil War 4875:Russian Civil War 4243:, countries like 4233:places of worship 4186:political regimes 4167: 4166: 4030:Racism by country 3958:Intersectionality 3943:Heteronormativity 3726:Voter suppression 3470:Sexual harassment 3269:Forced conversion 3189:Cultural genocide 2851:African Americans 2662:post–Cold War era 2647:Eastern Orthodoxy 2392:Anti-drug addicts 2387:Anti-homelessness 2306:Scientific racism 2161: 2160: 2030:American Atheists 1934:The Age of Reason 1878:List of agnostics 1833: 1832: 1760:Lists of atheists 1618: 1617: 1583: 1571: 1569:Philosophy portal 1559: 1547: 1534: 1533: 1411: 1410: 1404:Victor J. Stenger 1295:Lists of atheists 1047: 1046: 883:Jehovah's Witness 859:post–Cold War era 811: 810: 166:Status by country 87:Religious liberty 17823: 17816:Religious policy 17773: 17772: 17764: 17748: 17700:Skeptical theism 17540:Ceremonial deism 17530:Classical theism 17518: 17486:Agnostic atheism 17405: 17398: 17391: 17382: 17381: 17249:God Is Not Great 17242:The God Delusion 17235:The End of Faith 17164:Agnostic atheism 17132:Existence of God 17040:Secular humanism 17015:Anti-clericalism 16987: 16980: 16973: 16964: 16963: 16943:Personality cult 16906: 16878: 16877: 16864:Secular Buddhism 16854:Engaged Buddhism 16839: 16832: 16825: 16787: 16786: 16738:Hindu revivalism 16733:Hindu revolution 16723: 16716: 16709: 16702: 16657: 16656: 16616: 16612:Jewish socialism 16567: 16560: 16553:Jewish democracy 16538: 16529:Jewish anarchism 16508: 16507: 16484: 16450: 16426:Islamic republic 16421:Islamic pacifism 16411: 16404: 16397: 16388:Islamic feminism 16332: 16331: 16313: 16279: 16203: 16174: 16152:Evangelical left 16150: 16126: 16112: 16105: 16098: 16091: 16077: 16038: 16019:Blaine Amendment 16003: 16002: 15959: 15954:Secular religion 15952: 15923:Secular humanism 15893:Religious police 15883: 15809: 15802: 15770:Clerical fascism 15768: 15744: 15740:Anti-clericalism 15730:General concepts 15726: 15725: 15711: 15704: 15697: 15688: 15687: 15674: 15673: 15664: 15663: 15604:Social privilege 15589:Social exclusion 15517:Police brutality 15438:Multiculturalism 15408:Amatonormativity 15239:Social exclusion 15075:Age of candidacy 14875:Homeless dumping 14781:Ethnic cleansing 13763: 13756: 13749: 13740: 13739: 13728: 13727: 13694:2020 Delhi riots 13610:Kosheh massacres 13590:Bosnian genocide 13410:1946 Bihar riots 13073:Social cleansing 12998:Ethnic cleansing 12783: 12776: 12769: 12760: 12759: 12733: 12721: 12716:. Archived from 12708: 12706: 12705: 12696:. Archived from 12685: 12680:. Archived from 12673: 12670:nationmaster.com 12661: 12659: 12658: 12652: 12645: 12635: 12633: 12632: 12617: 12615: 12613: 12608:on 27 March 2009 12607: 12601:. Archived from 12600: 12590: 12588: 12586: 12580: 12570: 12565:. Archived from 12558: 12556: 12555: 12539: 12537: 12536: 12521: 12520:. myheritage.es. 12513: 12511: 12510: 12501:. Archived from 12494: 12492: 12491: 12482:. Archived from 12471: 12469: 12468: 12459:. Archived from 12446: 12441:. Archived from 12430: 12422: 12420: 12411: 12409: 12400: 12388: 12376: 12374: 12373: 12353: 12351: 12350: 12338: 12336: 12335: 12313: 12311: 12310: 12292: 12290: 12288: 12282:The Conversation 12272: 12270: 12269: 12257: 12255: 12253: 12233: 12231: 12230: 12221:. Archived from 12209: 12207: 12206: 12190: 12188: 12187: 12171: 12169: 12168: 12152: 12150: 12149: 12133: 12131: 12130: 12118: 12116: 12114: 12103: 12101: 12100: 12084: 12082: 12073: 12071: 12069: 12057: 12055: 12054: 12048: 12042:. Archived from 12041: 12032: 12030: 12021: 12019: 12018: 12003: 11991: 11989: 11988: 11973: 11961: 11959: 11958: 11942: 11940: 11939: 11923: 11907: 11905: 11904: 11888: 11886: 11884: 11878: 11872:. Archived from 11867: 11857: 11855: 11854: 11839: 11837: 11836: 11821: 11819: 11818: 11803: 11801: 11800: 11785: 11783: 11782: 11766: 11764: 11763: 11747: 11735: 11733: 11732: 11716: 11714: 11713: 11697: 11695: 11694: 11679: 11672:"Vladimir Lenin" 11667: 11665: 11663: 11651: 11649: 11648: 11632: 11620: 11618: 11617: 11601: 11595: 11586: 11584: 11583: 11566: 11564: 11562: 11543: 11534: 11519: 11510: 11508: 11507: 11500:deccanherald.com 11491: 11489: 11479: 11470: 11468: 11467: 11451: 11449: 11448: 11432: 11431:on July 2, 2015. 11427:. Archived from 11406: 11404: 11402: 11390:Associated Press 11379: 11377: 11375: 11357: 11344: 11332: 11319: 11304: 11302: 11301: 11281: 11279: 11278: 11245: 11228: 11211: 11190: 11153: 11132: 11087: 11058: 11029: 11000: 10955: 10918: 10881: 10852: 10815: 10798: 10756: 10737: 10712: 10691: 10662: 10641: 10627:Marx on Religion 10620: 10591: 10581: 10569: 10548: 10519: 10498: 10477: 10456: 10440: 10429: 10408: 10387: 10358: 10333: 10312: 10291: 10270: 10259: 10233: 10204: 10202: 10201: 10187: 10175: 10164: 10143: 10110: 10089: 10068: 10047: 10026: 10005: 9993: 9982: 9961: 9940: 9919: 9898: 9875: 9854: 9833: 9813: 9802: 9781: 9760: 9733: 9712: 9683: 9681: 9671: 9650: 9607: 9602: 9596: 9587: 9581: 9572: 9559: 9550: 9544: 9535: 9529: 9520: 9514: 9508: 9502: 9501: 9481: 9475: 9472: 9466: 9463: 9457: 9454: 9448: 9447: 9427: 9421: 9420: 9404: 9394: 9388: 9387: 9365: 9359: 9350: 9344: 9335: 9329: 9320: 9303: 9294: 9288: 9287: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9250: 9244: 9235: 9229: 9220: 9214: 9205: 9196: 9187: 9176: 9173: 9164: 9158: 9149: 9138: 9129: 9123: 9113: 9107: 9106: 9099: 9093: 9092: 9091:. 24 April 2020. 9085: 9079: 9078: 9077:. 24 April 2020. 9071: 9065: 9064: 9057: 9051: 9041: 9035: 9028:30giorni.it 2007 9025: 9019: 9010: 9004: 8995: 8986: 8977: 8966: 8957: 8951: 8942: 8933: 8923: 8917: 8908: 8902: 8898: 8889: 8883: 8874: 8868: 8862:Worldcrunch 2009 8859: 8853: 8843: 8837: 8833: 8824: 8818: 8814: 8805: 8799: 8790: 8784: 8775: 8769: 8760: 8754: 8745: 8739: 8730: 8724: 8715: 8709: 8700: 8694: 8685: 8679: 8670: 8664: 8655: 8649: 8640: 8634: 8633: 8631: 8630: 8624:lanic.utexas.edu 8616: 8610: 8600: 8594: 8585: 8579: 8570: 8564: 8555: 8549: 8540: 8534: 8525: 8519: 8510: 8504: 8495: 8489: 8483: 8477: 8468: 8462: 8453: 8444: 8435: 8429: 8420: 8414: 8405: 8399: 8390: 8384: 8375: 8369: 8365: 8356: 8350: 8341: 8335: 8326: 8320: 8311: 8305: 8296: 8290: 8280: 8274: 8264: 8255: 8245: 8239: 8236: 8227: 8218: 8209: 8203: 8194: 8188: 8179: 8173: 8164: 8158: 8149: 8143: 8134: 8125: 8116: 8107: 8106: 8088: 8082: 8072: 8066: 8057: 8051: 8042: 8036: 8027: 8006: 8003: 7993: 7987: 7986: 7966: 7960: 7959: 7952: 7946: 7945: 7938: 7932: 7923: 7917: 7908: 7902: 7893: 7887: 7878: 7872: 7863: 7857: 7848: 7842: 7833: 7827: 7818: 7812: 7803: 7797: 7788: 7782: 7773: 7767: 7758: 7752: 7743: 7737: 7728: 7722: 7713: 7707: 7706: 7699: 7693: 7687: 7681: 7677:, pp. 6–7, 7672: 7666: 7657: 7651: 7641: 7635: 7626: 7620: 7611: 7605: 7596: 7583: 7577:Fitzpatrick 1996 7574: 7565: 7556: 7547: 7546: 7530: 7520: 7511: 7505: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7491: 7476: 7467: 7463:, pp. 3–4, 7458: 7452: 7449: 7440: 7434: 7425: 7414: 7410: 7401: 7392: 7382: 7376: 7366: 7360: 7351: 7345: 7338:Britannica Lenin 7335: 7329: 7325: 7315: 7309: 7300: 7294: 7284: 7278: 7269: 7260: 7258:Marx on Religion 7256:, pp. 5–6, 7251: 7245: 7244: 7242: 7241: 7227: 7221: 7220: 7218: 7217: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7179: 7173: 7169: 7160: 7154: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7125: 7114: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7104: 7089: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7064: 7058: 7048: 7033: 7019: 7006: 6992: 6979: 6969: 6960: 6950: 6939: 6933: 6927: 6917: 6911: 6893: 6882: 6876: 6870: 6860: 6845: 6835: 6822: 6644: 6638: 6629: 6623: 6613: 6604: 6594: 6588: 6585: 6576: 6570: 6561: 6548: 6539: 6533: 6523: 6517: 6507: 6498: 6489: 6483: 6473: 6467: 6458: 6449: 6439: 6430: 6421: 6412: 6402: 6393: 6383: 6377: 6368: 6359: 6349: 6336: 6327: 6321: 6312: 6295: 6286: 6269: 6260: 6254: 6251: 6242: 6207: 6198: 6192: 6188: 6179: 6170: 6161: 6121:Militant atheism 6091:Anti-clericalism 6073:established the 5996:European history 5992:anti-clericalism 5958:Temple of Reason 5803:Officially, the 5736:Eastern Orthodox 5576:Cuban revolution 5493:Religion in Cuba 4899:collectivization 4712:Marxist–Leninist 4664:Communist states 4656: 4654: 4653: 4643: 4641: 4640: 4630: 4628: 4627: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4606:State of Eritrea 4604: 4602: 4601: 4593:Republic of Cuba 4591: 4589: 4588: 4578: 4576: 4575: 4565: 4563: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4526: 4524: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4510: 4500: 4498: 4497: 4487: 4485: 4484: 4474: 4472: 4471: 4461: 4459: 4458: 4448: 4446: 4445: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4422: 4420: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4396: 4394: 4393: 4376: 4374: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4360: 4345: 4343: 4342: 4332: 4330: 4329: 4225:communist states 4223:The majority of 4214:anti-clericalism 4159: 4152: 4145: 4082:Social privilege 4067:Social exclusion 3995:Police brutality 3916:Multiculturalism 3886:Amatonormativity 3703:Social exclusion 3539:Age of candidacy 3333:Homeless dumping 3239:Ethnic cleansing 2186: 2163: 2162: 2153: 2146: 2139: 1969:God Is Not Great 1962:The God Delusion 1955:The End of Faith 1863:Agnostic atheism 1826:Existence of God 1822: 1733: 1732: 1682:Secular humanism 1657:Anti-clericalism 1620: 1619: 1610: 1603: 1596: 1579: 1578: 1574: 1567: 1562: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1543: 1509:Secular humanism 1486: 1485: 1462:God Is Not Great 1455:The God Delusion 1448:The End of Faith 1394:Bertrand Russell 1339:Ludwig Feuerbach 1291: 1290: 1269:Russell's teapot 1224: 1217:Hitchens's razor 1202: 1128:Atheist feminism 1049: 1048: 1039: 1032: 1025: 171: 170: 107:Anti-clericalism 53: 52: 46: 40: 26:socialist states 17831: 17830: 17826: 17825: 17824: 17822: 17821: 17820: 17781: 17780: 17779: 17767: 17759: 17757: 17752: 17750:Religion portal 17738: 17617:Post-monotheism 17545:Christian deism 17516: 17461:Agnostic theism 17414: 17409: 17379: 17374: 17350: 17289: 17199: 17173: 17140: 17074: 17035:Parody religion 16996: 16991: 16961: 16952: 16883: 16868: 16792: 16777: 16693:Hindu modernism 16664: 16647: 16592:Jewish pacifism 16577:Jewish feminism 16557:Jewish fascism 16515: 16498: 16441:Islamic Zionism 16383:Islamic fascism 16339: 16322: 16213:Christian state 16194:Christian right 16128:Mormon feminism 16010: 15993: 15778:Confessionalism 15731: 15720: 15715: 15685: 15680: 15652: 15527:Polyculturalism 15423:Civil liberties 15391: 15372:Reappropriation 15273:Countermeasures 15268: 15197:Racial steering 15163:Numerus clausus 15067: 15061: 14786:Ethnic conflict 14721:Corrective rape 14672: 14319: 14166: 14058:HIV/AIDS stigma 13916: 13865:Mental disorder 13803: 13772: 13767: 13737: 13732: 13722: 13716: 13652:Yazidi genocide 13558:Revival Process 13494:Thích Quảng Đức 13482:Buddhist crisis 13476:Istanbul pogrom 13344:1970–1987 13339:1958–1964 13334:1928–1941 13329:1921–1928 13324:1917–1921 13209:Goa Inquisition 13143:Battle of Tours 13133:(c.550–c. 1200) 13127:(c. 324–c. 491) 13107: 13008:Ethnic violence 13003:Ethnic conflict 12951: 12950: 12949: 12796: 12787: 12756: 12741: 12739:Further reading 12736: 12703: 12701: 12656: 12654: 12650: 12643: 12630: 12628: 12611: 12609: 12605: 12598: 12584: 12582: 12578: 12553: 12551: 12534: 12532: 12508: 12506: 12489: 12487: 12466: 12464: 12418: 12407: 12371: 12369: 12348: 12346: 12333: 12331: 12308: 12306: 12286: 12284: 12267: 12265: 12251: 12249: 12228: 12226: 12204: 12202: 12185: 12183: 12166: 12164: 12147: 12145: 12128: 12126: 12112: 12110: 12098: 12096: 12080: 12067: 12065: 12052: 12050: 12046: 12039: 12028: 12016: 12014: 11986: 11984: 11956: 11954: 11937: 11935: 11902: 11900: 11882: 11880: 11876: 11865: 11852: 11850: 11834: 11832: 11816: 11814: 11798: 11796: 11780: 11778: 11761: 11759: 11730: 11728: 11711: 11709: 11692: 11690: 11661: 11659: 11646: 11644: 11615: 11613: 11593: 11581: 11579: 11560: 11558: 11505: 11503: 11487: 11465: 11463: 11446: 11444: 11442:DeseretNews.com 11414: 11409: 11400: 11398: 11373: 11371: 11299: 11297: 11276: 11274: 11253: 11251:News references 11248: 11171:10.2307/1902927 11113:10.2307/3060414 11084: 10764: 10759: 10753: 10734: 10709: 10680: 10659: 10638: 10609: 10579: 10566: 10537: 10516: 10495: 10487:. M.E. Sharpe. 10474: 10453: 10426: 10405: 10376: 10355: 10330: 10309: 10288: 10256: 10238:Madsen, Richard 10222: 10199: 10197: 10184: 10161: 10132: 10107: 10086: 10065: 10044: 10023: 10002: 9979: 9958: 9937: 9916: 9895: 9872: 9851: 9822: 9799: 9778: 9749: 9730: 9701: 9679: 9668: 9639: 9620: 9618:Book references 9615: 9610: 9603: 9599: 9588: 9584: 9573: 9562: 9551: 9547: 9536: 9532: 9521: 9517: 9509: 9505: 9498: 9482: 9478: 9473: 9469: 9464: 9460: 9455: 9451: 9444: 9428: 9424: 9417: 9395: 9391: 9380: 9366: 9362: 9355:, p. 392, 9351: 9347: 9336: 9332: 9321: 9306: 9295: 9291: 9284: 9268: 9264: 9251: 9247: 9236: 9232: 9221: 9217: 9206: 9199: 9188: 9179: 9171: 9165: 9161: 9150: 9141: 9130: 9126: 9118:, p. 406, 9114: 9110: 9101: 9100: 9096: 9087: 9086: 9082: 9073: 9072: 9068: 9059: 9058: 9054: 9042: 9038: 9026: 9022: 9011: 9007: 8996: 8989: 8978: 8969: 8958: 8954: 8943: 8936: 8924: 8920: 8909: 8905: 8896: 8890: 8886: 8875: 8871: 8860: 8856: 8844: 8840: 8831: 8829:, p. 402, 8825: 8821: 8812: 8810:, p. 397, 8806: 8802: 8791: 8787: 8776: 8772: 8761: 8757: 8746: 8742: 8731: 8727: 8716: 8712: 8701: 8697: 8686: 8682: 8671: 8667: 8660:, p. 114, 8656: 8652: 8641: 8637: 8628: 8626: 8618: 8617: 8613: 8601: 8597: 8586: 8582: 8571: 8567: 8556: 8552: 8541: 8537: 8526: 8522: 8511: 8507: 8496: 8492: 8484: 8480: 8473:, p. 239, 8469: 8465: 8454: 8447: 8436: 8432: 8421: 8417: 8410:, p. 259, 8406: 8402: 8395:, p. 145, 8391: 8387: 8380:, p. 393, 8376: 8372: 8363: 8357: 8353: 8346:, p. 201, 8342: 8338: 8327: 8323: 8312: 8308: 8299:BBC: China 1999 8297: 8293: 8281: 8277: 8265: 8258: 8246: 8242: 8234: 8228: 8221: 8210: 8206: 8195: 8191: 8180: 8176: 8165: 8161: 8150: 8146: 8135: 8128: 8117: 8110: 8103: 8089: 8085: 8073: 8069: 8058: 8054: 8043: 8039: 8028: 8009: 8001: 7994: 7990: 7983: 7967: 7963: 7954: 7953: 7949: 7940: 7939: 7935: 7924: 7920: 7909: 7905: 7894: 7890: 7883:, p. 148, 7879: 7875: 7864: 7860: 7849: 7845: 7834: 7830: 7819: 7815: 7804: 7800: 7789: 7785: 7774: 7770: 7759: 7755: 7744: 7740: 7729: 7725: 7716:US_State_Russia 7714: 7710: 7701: 7700: 7696: 7688: 7684: 7673: 7669: 7658: 7654: 7642: 7638: 7627: 7623: 7616:, p. 271, 7612: 7608: 7597: 7586: 7575: 7568: 7557: 7550: 7543: 7521: 7514: 7508:Kowalewski 1980 7506: 7499: 7489: 7487: 7486:. US Government 7478: 7477: 7470: 7459: 7455: 7447: 7441: 7437: 7426: 7417: 7408: 7402: 7395: 7387:, p. 379, 7383: 7379: 7371:, p. 426, 7369:Kowalewski 1980 7367: 7363: 7356:, p. 577, 7352: 7348: 7336: 7332: 7323: 7320:, p. 319, 7316: 7312: 7301: 7297: 7285: 7281: 7270: 7263: 7252: 7248: 7239: 7237: 7229: 7228: 7224: 7215: 7213: 7205: 7204: 7200: 7191: 7189: 7181: 7180: 7176: 7167: 7161: 7157: 7149:, p. 140, 7145: 7141: 7133: 7129: 7116: 7115: 7111: 7102: 7100: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7077: 7075: 7073:Learn Religions 7065: 7061: 7053:, p. 108, 7049: 7036: 7020: 7009: 6993: 6982: 6974:, p. 626, 6970: 6963: 6955:, p. 254, 6951: 6942: 6934: 6930: 6922:, p. 152, 6918: 6914: 6894: 6885: 6877: 6873: 6861: 6848: 6836: 6825: 6772:North Macedonia 6645: 6641: 6630: 6626: 6618:, p. 571, 6614: 6607: 6595: 6591: 6583: 6577: 6573: 6562: 6551: 6544:, p. 180, 6540: 6536: 6524: 6520: 6512:, p. 231, 6508: 6501: 6490: 6486: 6474: 6470: 6463:, p. 140, 6459: 6452: 6440: 6433: 6426:, p. 125, 6422: 6415: 6403: 6396: 6384: 6380: 6369: 6362: 6354:, p. 282, 6350: 6339: 6328: 6324: 6317:, p. 165, 6313: 6298: 6291:, p. 599, 6287: 6272: 6261: 6257: 6249: 6245:Kowalewski 1980 6243: 6210: 6199: 6195: 6186: 6180: 6173: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6126:Reign of Terror 6087: 6051:Kishinev pogrom 6021: 6015: 5988:Reign of Terror 5976: 5947: 5844: 5826: 5821: 5801: 5795: 5780:, after it was 5770: 5764: 5652: 5628:Main articles: 5626: 5613: 5593:Main articles: 5591: 5495: 5489: 5442:, at least 2%. 5287: 5271:Main articles: 5269: 5221: 5213:Main articles: 5196: 5181:Shia minority. 5056: 5040:Main articles: 5038: 5001:Rice University 4928:Soviet calendar 4850:State atheism ( 4814: 4782:Main articles: 4780: 4704:communist party 4684:communist state 4680: 4668:Main articles: 4666: 4651: 4649: 4638: 4636: 4625: 4623: 4612: 4610: 4599: 4597: 4586: 4584: 4573: 4571: 4560: 4558: 4547: 4545: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4519: 4508: 4506: 4495: 4493: 4482: 4480: 4469: 4467: 4456: 4454: 4443: 4441: 4430: 4428: 4417: 4415: 4404: 4402: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4371: 4369: 4358: 4356: 4340: 4338: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4304:In contrast, a 4163: 4134: 4133: 4132: 4131: 4130: 4005:Polyculturalism 3901:Civil liberties 3873: 3865: 3864: 3863: 3862: 3861: 3842:Reappropriation 3742: 3741:Countermeasures 3734: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3730: 3661:Racial steering 3627:Numerus clausus 3531: 3523: 3522: 3521: 3520: 3519: 3244:Ethnic conflict 3179:Corrective rape 3134: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3123: 3122: 2776: 2765: 2764: 2763: 2762: 2761: 2614: 2604: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2600: 2492:HIV/AIDS stigma 2354: 2346: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2291:Mental disorder 2233: 2225: 2224: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2194: 2157: 2117: 2116: 2115: 2114: 2113: 2090: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2079: 2023: 2013: 2012: 2011: 2010: 2009: 1925: 1917: 1916: 1915: 1914: 1913: 1891: 1883: 1882: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1845: 1835: 1834: 1818: 1815: 1797: 1764: 1730: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1716: 1677:Parody religion 1644: 1614: 1536: 1535: 1483: 1482:Related stances 1475: 1474: 1441:De rerum natura 1421: 1413: 1412: 1364:Lawrence Krauss 1359:Baron d'Holbach 1324:Richard Dawkins 1309:Mikhail Bakunin 1288: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1264:Problem of Hell 1259:Problem of evil 1249:Parody religion 1222: 1212:God of the gaps 1200: 1185:Atheist's wager 1176: 1168: 1167: 1123: 1115: 1114: 1095: 1087: 1086: 1067: 1043: 1013:Religion portal 1007: 1006: 1005: 871:Catholic Church 823: 813: 812: 617:North Macedonia 582:Northern Cyprus 389:Northern Cyprus 168: 158: 157: 156: 132: 131: 122:Confessionalism 66: 49: 48: 44: 42: 38: 17: 12: 11: 5: 17829: 17819: 17818: 17813: 17808: 17803: 17798: 17793: 17778: 17777: 17754: 17753: 17743: 17740: 17739: 17737: 17732: 17727: 17725:Trinitarianism 17722: 17717: 17712: 17707: 17702: 17697: 17692: 17691: 17690: 17680: 17675: 17674: 17673: 17668: 17663: 17653: 17648: 17643: 17638: 17637: 17636: 17626: 17621: 17620: 17619: 17614: 17604: 17599: 17597:Liberal theism 17594: 17589: 17584: 17579: 17574: 17569: 17564: 17562:Dipolar theism 17559: 17558: 17557: 17552: 17547: 17542: 17532: 17527: 17522: 17521: 17520: 17513: 17508: 17503: 17501:Jewish atheism 17498: 17493: 17488: 17478: 17473: 17468: 17463: 17458: 17457: 17456: 17451: 17441: 17440: 17439: 17434: 17429: 17419: 17416: 17415: 17408: 17407: 17400: 17393: 17385: 17376: 17375: 17373: 17371:Secular ethics 17368: 17363: 17358: 17356: 17355:Related topics 17352: 17351: 17349: 17344: 17339: 17334: 17329: 17324: 17319: 17314: 17309: 17304: 17299: 17297: 17291: 17290: 17288: 17287: 17280: 17273: 17266: 17259: 17252: 17245: 17238: 17231: 17224: 17217: 17209: 17207: 17201: 17200: 17198: 17197: 17192: 17187: 17181: 17179: 17175: 17174: 17172: 17171: 17166: 17161: 17156: 17150: 17148: 17142: 17141: 17139: 17134: 17129: 17124: 17119: 17114: 17109: 17104: 17099: 17094: 17089: 17084: 17082: 17076: 17075: 17073: 17072: 17067: 17065:Secularization 17062: 17057: 17052: 17047: 17042: 17037: 17032: 17027: 17022: 17017: 17012: 17006: 17004: 16998: 16997: 16990: 16989: 16982: 16975: 16967: 16958: 16957: 16954: 16953: 16951: 16950: 16945: 16940: 16939: 16938: 16928: 16923: 16918: 16913: 16912: 16911: 16899: 16894: 16888: 16885: 16884: 16874: 16873: 16870: 16869: 16867: 16866: 16861: 16856: 16851: 16846: 16845: 16844: 16837: 16830: 16818: 16813: 16808: 16803: 16797: 16794: 16793: 16783: 16782: 16779: 16778: 16776: 16775: 16770: 16765: 16763:Saffronisation 16760: 16755: 16750: 16745: 16740: 16735: 16730: 16729: 16728: 16721: 16714: 16707: 16695: 16690: 16685: 16680: 16678:Hindu feminism 16675: 16669: 16666: 16665: 16653: 16652: 16649: 16648: 16646: 16645: 16640: 16639: 16638: 16628: 16623: 16622: 16621: 16609: 16604: 16599: 16594: 16589: 16584: 16579: 16574: 16573: 16572: 16565: 16555: 16550: 16545: 16544: 16543: 16531: 16526: 16524:Halachic state 16520: 16517: 16516: 16504: 16503: 16500: 16499: 16497: 16496: 16491: 16490: 16489: 16486:Talibanization 16477: 16472: 16467: 16462: 16457: 16456: 16455: 16443: 16438: 16433: 16428: 16423: 16418: 16417: 16416: 16409: 16402: 16390: 16385: 16380: 16375: 16370: 16365: 16360: 16355: 16350: 16344: 16341: 16340: 16328: 16327: 16324: 16323: 16321: 16320: 16319: 16318: 16309:Ultramontanism 16306: 16301: 16299:Temporal power 16296: 16291: 16286: 16285: 16284: 16272: 16267: 16262: 16257: 16256: 16255: 16245: 16240: 16235: 16230: 16225: 16220: 16215: 16210: 16209: 16208: 16196: 16191: 16186: 16181: 16180: 16179: 16167: 16162: 16157: 16156: 16155: 16146:Christian left 16143: 16138: 16133: 16132: 16131: 16119: 16118: 16117: 16110: 16103: 16096: 16084: 16083: 16082: 16070: 16065: 16060: 16055: 16050: 16045: 16044: 16043: 16031: 16026: 16021: 16015: 16012: 16011: 15999: 15998: 15995: 15994: 15992: 15991: 15986: 15981: 15979:State religion 15976: 15971: 15969:Spiritual left 15966: 15965: 15964: 15957: 15948:Secularization 15945: 15940: 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15905: 15900: 15895: 15890: 15889: 15888: 15876: 15871: 15866: 15861: 15856: 15851: 15846: 15841: 15836: 15831: 15826: 15821: 15816: 15815: 15814: 15807: 15795: 15790: 15785: 15780: 15775: 15774: 15773: 15761: 15759:Civil religion 15756: 15751: 15750: 15749: 15736: 15733: 15732: 15722: 15721: 15714: 15713: 15706: 15699: 15691: 15682: 15681: 15679: 15678: 15668: 15657: 15654: 15653: 15651: 15650: 15645: 15644: 15643: 15633: 15628: 15623: 15622: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15601: 15596: 15591: 15586: 15581: 15576: 15575: 15574: 15572:Reverse racism 15564: 15559: 15554: 15549: 15544: 15542:Prisoner abuse 15539: 15534: 15532:Power distance 15529: 15524: 15519: 15514: 15509: 15504: 15499: 15498: 15497: 15487: 15482: 15477: 15472: 15467: 15462: 15457: 15452: 15450:Ethnic penalty 15447: 15446: 15445: 15443:Neurodiversity 15440: 15430: 15428:Dehumanization 15425: 15420: 15418:Cisnormativity 15415: 15410: 15405: 15399: 15397: 15396:Related topics 15393: 15392: 15390: 15389: 15384: 15379: 15374: 15369: 15364: 15359: 15354: 15349: 15344: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15324: 15319: 15318: 15317: 15307: 15302: 15297: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15276: 15274: 15270: 15269: 15267: 15266: 15261: 15256: 15254:State religion 15251: 15246: 15241: 15236: 15235: 15234: 15229: 15224: 15219: 15209: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15193: 15192: 15190:Nuremberg Laws 15187: 15177: 15172: 15167: 15159: 15154: 15149: 15144: 15139: 15134: 15132:Ghetto benches 15129: 15127:Gerrymandering 15124: 15119: 15114: 15112:Gender pay gap 15109: 15108: 15107: 15102: 15092: 15087: 15082: 15077: 15071: 15069: 15066:Discriminatory 15063: 15062: 15060: 15059: 15054: 15049: 15044: 15039: 15034: 15029: 15024: 15019: 15014: 15009: 15004: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14964: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14943: 14942: 14937: 14932: 14922: 14917: 14912: 14907: 14902: 14897: 14895:Lavender scare 14892: 14890:Kill Haole Day 14887: 14885:Indian rolling 14882: 14877: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14861: 14860: 14850: 14845: 14844: 14843: 14833: 14828: 14823: 14818: 14813: 14808: 14803: 14798: 14793: 14788: 14783: 14778: 14773: 14771:Eliminationism 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14748: 14743: 14738: 14733: 14728: 14723: 14718: 14713: 14708: 14706:Cancel culture 14703: 14698: 14693: 14692: 14691: 14680: 14678: 14677:Manifestations 14674: 14673: 14671: 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14645: 14640: 14635: 14630: 14625: 14620: 14615: 14610: 14605: 14600: 14595: 14590: 14585: 14580: 14575: 14573:Middle Eastern 14570: 14565: 14560: 14555: 14550: 14545: 14540: 14535: 14530: 14525: 14520: 14519: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14500: 14495: 14490: 14485: 14480: 14475: 14470: 14465: 14460: 14455: 14450: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14414: 14413: 14408: 14403: 14393: 14388: 14383: 14382: 14381: 14376: 14371: 14361: 14356: 14351: 14346: 14341: 14336: 14330: 14328: 14321: 14320: 14318: 14317: 14315:Zoroastrianism 14312: 14307: 14302: 14297: 14292: 14291: 14290: 14280: 14279: 14278: 14277: 14276: 14271: 14266: 14261: 14246: 14245: 14244: 14242:Untouchability 14239: 14229: 14224: 14223: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14207: 14202: 14192: 14187: 14182: 14176: 14174: 14168: 14167: 14165: 14164: 14159: 14154: 14153: 14152: 14147: 14142: 14132: 14131: 14130: 14125: 14115: 14110: 14105: 14100: 14095: 14090: 14085: 14080: 14075: 14070: 14068:Leprosy stigma 14065: 14060: 14055: 14050: 14045: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14025: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13960: 13955: 13950: 13945: 13940: 13935: 13930: 13924: 13922: 13918: 13917: 13915: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13883: 13882: 13877: 13867: 13862: 13857: 13852: 13847: 13842: 13837: 13832: 13827: 13822: 13817: 13811: 13809: 13805: 13804: 13802: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13780: 13778: 13774: 13773: 13770:Discrimination 13766: 13765: 13758: 13751: 13743: 13734: 13733: 13721: 13718: 13717: 13715: 13714: 13708: 13703: 13697: 13691: 13685: 13679: 13678:(2016–ongoing) 13673: 13672:(2014–ongoing) 13667: 13661: 13660:(2014–ongoing) 13655: 13649: 13643: 13637: 13636:(2009–ongoing) 13631: 13630:(2004–ongoing) 13625: 13619: 13613: 13607: 13601: 13600: 13599: 13593: 13587: 13575: 13569: 13568: 13567: 13555: 13549: 13543: 13537: 13536:(1971–ongoing) 13531: 13525: 13524: 13523: 13517: 13505: 13504: 13503: 13497: 13491: 13479: 13473: 13472:(1953–ongoing) 13467: 13461: 13460:(1950–ongoing) 13455: 13454:(1949–ongoing) 13449: 13443: 13437: 13436:(1947–ongoing) 13431: 13430:(1947–ongoing) 13425: 13424:(1947–ongoing) 13419: 13413: 13407: 13401: 13398:Noakhali riots 13395: 13389: 13383: 13377: 13371: 13365: 13359: 13353: 13352: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13315: 13309: 13303: 13297: 13296: 13295: 13287:Greek genocide 13284: 13278: 13275:Adana massacre 13272: 13266: 13260: 13254: 13248: 13242: 13236: 13230: 13224: 13218: 13212: 13206: 13200: 13194: 13188: 13182: 13176: 13170: 13164: 13158: 13152: 13146: 13140: 13139:(c.184–c. 205) 13134: 13128: 13122: 13115: 13113: 13109: 13108: 13106: 13105: 13100: 13095: 13090: 13088:State religion 13085: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13015: 13010: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12993:Discrimination 12990: 12985: 12980: 12975: 12970: 12965: 12959: 12957: 12953: 12952: 12948: 12947: 12945:Zoroastrianism 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12921: 12920: 12910: 12909: 12908: 12907: 12906: 12901: 12896: 12891: 12876: 12875: 12874: 12872:Untouchability 12869: 12859: 12854: 12853: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12806: 12805: 12804: 12802: 12798: 12797: 12794:discrimination 12786: 12785: 12778: 12771: 12763: 12754: 12753: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12734: 12722: 12720:on 2011-06-16. 12709: 12686: 12684:on 2006-10-01. 12674: 12662: 12636: 12626:www.chabad.org 12618: 12591: 12571: 12569:on 2009-09-03. 12559: 12540: 12522: 12514: 12495: 12480:vietnamnews.vn 12472: 12447: 12445:on 2007-10-23. 12431: 12423: 12412: 12401: 12389: 12387:on 2016-03-05. 12377: 12354: 12339: 12314: 12293: 12273: 12258: 12234: 12210: 12191: 12172: 12153: 12134: 12119: 12104: 12085: 12074: 12058: 12033: 12022: 12004: 11992: 11974: 11962: 11943: 11924: 11922:on 2015-01-16. 11908: 11889: 11858: 11840: 11822: 11804: 11786: 11767: 11748: 11736: 11717: 11698: 11680: 11678:. 8 June 2023. 11668: 11652: 11633: 11621: 11602: 11587: 11567: 11544: 11535: 11520: 11511: 11492: 11480: 11471: 11452: 11433: 11415: 11413: 11412:Web references 11410: 11408: 11407: 11380: 11358: 11345: 11333: 11320: 11305: 11282: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11247: 11246: 11229: 11212: 11191: 11165:(2): 201–230. 11154: 11144:(2): 168–176. 11133: 11099:(2): 161–172. 11088: 11082: 11059: 11041:(4): 913–914. 11030: 11012:(3): 319–352. 11001: 10956: 10936:10.2307/128810 10930:(4): 426–441. 10919: 10882: 10853: 10827:(1): 118–134. 10816: 10808:BYU Law Review 10799: 10781:(4): 397–422. 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10757: 10751: 10738: 10732: 10713: 10707: 10692: 10678: 10663: 10657: 10642: 10636: 10621: 10607: 10592: 10573:Xiong (2013). 10570: 10564: 10549: 10535: 10520: 10514: 10499: 10493: 10478: 10472: 10457: 10451: 10430: 10424: 10409: 10403: 10388: 10374: 10359: 10353: 10334: 10328: 10313: 10307: 10292: 10286: 10271: 10260: 10254: 10234: 10220: 10205: 10188: 10182: 10165: 10159: 10144: 10130: 10111: 10105: 10090: 10084: 10069: 10063: 10048: 10042: 10027: 10021: 10006: 10000: 9983: 9977: 9962: 9956: 9941: 9935: 9920: 9914: 9899: 9893: 9876: 9870: 9855: 9849: 9834: 9820: 9803: 9797: 9782: 9776: 9761: 9747: 9734: 9728: 9713: 9699: 9684: 9672: 9666: 9651: 9637: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9608: 9597: 9582: 9560: 9545: 9530: 9515: 9511:Temperman 2010 9503: 9496: 9476: 9467: 9458: 9449: 9442: 9422: 9415: 9389: 9378: 9360: 9345: 9340:, p. 33, 9330: 9304: 9289: 9282: 9262: 9245: 9230: 9215: 9210:, p. 70, 9197: 9177: 9159: 9152:Fernandez 2002 9139: 9124: 9108: 9094: 9080: 9066: 9052: 9036: 9020: 9005: 8987: 8967: 8952: 8934: 8918: 8903: 8884: 8869: 8854: 8838: 8819: 8800: 8793:Rodríguez 2017 8785: 8770: 8755: 8740: 8725: 8710: 8695: 8680: 8673:state.gov 2011 8665: 8650: 8635: 8611: 8595: 8580: 8565: 8550: 8535: 8520: 8505: 8490: 8478: 8463: 8445: 8430: 8415: 8400: 8385: 8370: 8351: 8336: 8321: 8306: 8291: 8283:Wielander 2013 8275: 8269:, p. 30, 8256: 8240: 8219: 8204: 8189: 8174: 8159: 8144: 8126: 8108: 8101: 8083: 8067: 8052: 8037: 8007: 7988: 7981: 7961: 7947: 7933: 7918: 7903: 7888: 7873: 7858: 7843: 7828: 7813: 7798: 7783: 7768: 7753: 7738: 7723: 7708: 7694: 7682: 7667: 7652: 7636: 7621: 7606: 7584: 7579:, p. 33, 7566: 7548: 7541: 7512: 7497: 7468: 7453: 7435: 7415: 7406:, p. 35, 7393: 7377: 7361: 7346: 7342:Vladimir Lenin 7330: 7318:Lobkowicz 1964 7310: 7295: 7279: 7261: 7246: 7222: 7198: 7174: 7155: 7147:Temperman 2010 7139: 7135:Temperman 2010 7127: 7109: 7084: 7059: 7034: 7007: 6980: 6961: 6940: 6928: 6912: 6896:Temperman 2010 6883: 6871: 6846: 6840:, p. 74, 6823: 6639: 6624: 6605: 6599:, p. 92, 6589: 6571: 6564:Temperman 2010 6549: 6534: 6518: 6499: 6484: 6476:Zuckerman 2009 6468: 6450: 6431: 6413: 6394: 6378: 6360: 6352:Wessinger 2000 6337: 6322: 6296: 6289:Avramović 2007 6270: 6265:, p. 94, 6255: 6208: 6193: 6171: 6166:, p. 32, 6155: 6153: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6146:State religion 6143: 6141:Secularization 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6101:Civil religion 6098: 6093: 6086: 6083: 6049:condemned the 6017:Main article: 6014: 6011: 6007:Cult of Reason 5970:Cult of Reason 5956:turned into a 5946: 5943: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5797:Main article: 5794: 5791: 5766:Main article: 5763: 5760: 5748:Chilgol Church 5714:Roman Catholic 5625: 5622: 5590: 5587: 5491:Main article: 5488: 5485: 5450: 5449: 5448: 5447: 5436: 5429: 5426: 5413:house churches 5268: 5265: 5195: 5192: 5128:Shtjefen Kurti 5037: 5034: 4887:White Movement 4779: 4776: 4772:Fundamentalism 4760:Julian Baggini 4739:Lenin states: 4734:Vladimir Lenin 4696:one-party rule 4665: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4647: 4634: 4621: 4608: 4595: 4582: 4569: 4556: 4543: 4530: 4517: 4504: 4491: 4478: 4465: 4452: 4439: 4426: 4413: 4400: 4385: 4382: 4381: 4380: 4367: 4354: 4336: 4321: 4318: 4273:Czechoslovakia 4241:Eastern Europe 4194:secularization 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4154: 4147: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4121: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4053: 4052: 4050:Reverse racism 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4020:Prisoner abuse 4017: 4012: 4010:Power distance 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3928:Ethnic penalty 3925: 3924: 3923: 3921:Neurodiversity 3918: 3908: 3906:Dehumanization 3903: 3898: 3896:Cisnormativity 3893: 3888: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3875: 3874: 3872:Related topics 3871: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3787: 3777: 3772: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3744: 3743: 3740: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3716:State religion 3713: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3699: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3657: 3656: 3654:Nuremberg Laws 3651: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3596:Ghetto benches 3593: 3591:Gerrymandering 3588: 3583: 3578: 3576:Gender pay gap 3573: 3572: 3571: 3566: 3556: 3551: 3546: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3533: 3532: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3524: 3518: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3402: 3401: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3353:Lavender scare 3350: 3348:Kill Haole Day 3345: 3343:Indian rolling 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3319: 3318: 3308: 3303: 3302: 3301: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3229:Eliminationism 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3164:Cancel culture 3161: 3156: 3151: 3150: 3149: 3138: 3137: 3136: 3135: 3133:Manifestations 3132: 3131: 3128: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3023:Middle Eastern 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2864: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2832: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2778: 2777: 2771: 2770: 2767: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757:Zoroastrianism 2754: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2722: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2684:Untouchability 2681: 2671: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2615: 2610: 2609: 2606: 2605: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2559: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2502:Leprosy stigma 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2235: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2187: 2179: 2178: 2176:Discrimination 2172: 2171: 2159: 2158: 2156: 2155: 2148: 2141: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2119: 2118: 2111: 2110: 2108:Secular ethics 2105: 2100: 2094: 2093: 2092: 2091: 2089:Related topics 2088: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2008: 2007: 2000: 1993: 1986: 1979: 1972: 1965: 1958: 1951: 1944: 1937: 1929: 1928: 1927: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1912: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1880: 1871: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1849: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1836: 1831: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1823: 1814: 1813: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1715: 1714: 1709: 1707:Secularization 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1645: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1612: 1605: 1598: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1584: 1572: 1560: 1548: 1538: 1537: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1521: 1520: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1493: 1492: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1458: 1451: 1444: 1437: 1430: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1414: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1344:A. C. Grayling 1341: 1336: 1331: 1329:Daniel Dennett 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1304:Julian Baggini 1298: 1297: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1197: 1192: 1190:Creator of God 1187: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1148:Secular ethics 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1096: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1054: 1053: 1045: 1044: 1042: 1041: 1034: 1027: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1009: 1008: 1004: 1003: 1001:Zoroastrianism 998: 993: 988: 987: 986: 976: 975: 974: 969: 964: 954: 953: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 917: 907: 902: 901: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 874: 873: 863: 862: 861: 846: 841: 836: 831: 825: 824: 819: 818: 815: 814: 809: 808: 807: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 778: 777: 773: 772: 771: 770: 762: 761: 755: 754: 753: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 674: 673: 667: 666: 665: 664: 662:United Kingdom 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 526: 525: 519: 518: 517: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 338: 337: 331: 330: 329: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 285: 284: 274: 273: 272: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 186: 178: 177: 169: 164: 163: 160: 159: 155: 154: 149: 144: 139: 137:State religion 133: 130: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 68: 67: 64: 63: 60: 59: 43: 37: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17828: 17817: 17814: 17812: 17809: 17807: 17804: 17802: 17799: 17797: 17794: 17792: 17789: 17788: 17786: 17776: 17771: 17766: 17765: 17762: 17751: 17747: 17741: 17736: 17733: 17731: 17728: 17726: 17723: 17721: 17718: 17716: 17713: 17711: 17708: 17706: 17703: 17701: 17698: 17696: 17693: 17689: 17686: 17685: 17684: 17681: 17679: 17676: 17672: 17669: 17667: 17664: 17662: 17659: 17658: 17657: 17654: 17652: 17649: 17647: 17644: 17642: 17639: 17635: 17632: 17631: 17630: 17627: 17625: 17622: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17609: 17608: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17598: 17595: 17593: 17592:Kathenotheism 17590: 17588: 17585: 17583: 17580: 17578: 17575: 17573: 17570: 17568: 17565: 17563: 17560: 17556: 17553: 17551: 17548: 17546: 17543: 17541: 17538: 17537: 17536: 17533: 17531: 17528: 17526: 17525:Binitarianism 17523: 17519: 17514: 17512: 17509: 17507: 17504: 17502: 17499: 17497: 17494: 17492: 17489: 17487: 17484: 17483: 17482: 17479: 17477: 17474: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17455: 17454:Gender of God 17452: 17450: 17447: 17446: 17445: 17442: 17438: 17435: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17424: 17423: 17420: 17417: 17413: 17406: 17401: 17399: 17394: 17392: 17387: 17386: 17383: 17372: 17369: 17367: 17364: 17362: 17359: 17357: 17353: 17348: 17345: 17343: 17340: 17338: 17335: 17333: 17330: 17328: 17325: 17323: 17320: 17318: 17315: 17313: 17310: 17308: 17305: 17303: 17300: 17298: 17296: 17295:Organizations 17292: 17286: 17285: 17281: 17279: 17278: 17274: 17272: 17271: 17267: 17265: 17264: 17260: 17258: 17257: 17253: 17251: 17250: 17246: 17244: 17243: 17239: 17237: 17236: 17232: 17230: 17229: 17225: 17223: 17222: 17218: 17216: 17215: 17211: 17210: 17208: 17206: 17202: 17196: 17193: 17191: 17188: 17186: 17183: 17182: 17180: 17176: 17170: 17167: 17165: 17162: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17151: 17149: 17147: 17143: 17138: 17135: 17133: 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17120: 17118: 17115: 17113: 17110: 17108: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17098: 17095: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17085: 17083: 17081: 17077: 17071: 17068: 17066: 17063: 17061: 17058: 17056: 17053: 17051: 17050:Secular state 17048: 17046: 17043: 17041: 17038: 17036: 17033: 17031: 17028: 17026: 17023: 17021: 17018: 17016: 17013: 17011: 17008: 17007: 17005: 17003: 16999: 16995: 16988: 16983: 16981: 16976: 16974: 16969: 16968: 16965: 16949: 16946: 16944: 16941: 16937: 16934: 16933: 16932: 16929: 16927: 16924: 16922: 16919: 16917: 16914: 16909: 16905: 16904: 16903: 16902:Imperial cult 16900: 16898: 16895: 16893: 16890: 16889: 16886: 16879: 16875: 16865: 16862: 16860: 16857: 16855: 16852: 16850: 16847: 16842: 16838: 16835: 16831: 16828: 16824: 16823: 16822: 16819: 16817: 16814: 16812: 16809: 16807: 16804: 16802: 16799: 16798: 16795: 16788: 16784: 16774: 16771: 16769: 16766: 16764: 16761: 16759: 16756: 16754: 16751: 16749: 16746: 16744: 16741: 16739: 16736: 16734: 16731: 16726: 16722: 16719: 16718:Panun Kashmir 16715: 16712: 16711:Hindu Rashtra 16708: 16705: 16701: 16700: 16699: 16696: 16694: 16691: 16689: 16686: 16684: 16681: 16679: 16676: 16674: 16673:Akhand Bharat 16671: 16670: 16667: 16663: 16658: 16654: 16644: 16641: 16637: 16634: 16633: 16632: 16629: 16627: 16624: 16619: 16615: 16614: 16613: 16610: 16608: 16605: 16603: 16600: 16598: 16595: 16593: 16590: 16588: 16585: 16583: 16580: 16578: 16575: 16570: 16566: 16563: 16559: 16558: 16556: 16554: 16551: 16549: 16546: 16541: 16537: 16536: 16535: 16532: 16530: 16527: 16525: 16522: 16521: 16518: 16514: 16509: 16505: 16495: 16492: 16487: 16483: 16482: 16481: 16478: 16476: 16473: 16471: 16468: 16466: 16463: 16461: 16458: 16453: 16449: 16448: 16447: 16444: 16442: 16439: 16437: 16436:Islamic state 16434: 16432: 16429: 16427: 16424: 16422: 16419: 16414: 16413:In South Asia 16410: 16407: 16403: 16400: 16396: 16395: 16394: 16391: 16389: 16386: 16384: 16381: 16379: 16376: 16374: 16371: 16369: 16366: 16364: 16361: 16359: 16356: 16354: 16351: 16349: 16346: 16345: 16342: 16338: 16333: 16329: 16316: 16312: 16311: 16310: 16307: 16305: 16304:Theodemocracy 16302: 16300: 16297: 16295: 16292: 16290: 16287: 16282: 16278: 16277: 16276: 16273: 16271: 16268: 16266: 16265:Pillarisation 16263: 16261: 16258: 16254: 16253:Phoenicianism 16251: 16250: 16249: 16246: 16244: 16241: 16239: 16236: 16234: 16231: 16229: 16226: 16224: 16221: 16219: 16216: 16214: 16211: 16206: 16202: 16201: 16200: 16197: 16195: 16192: 16190: 16187: 16185: 16182: 16177: 16173: 16172: 16171: 16168: 16166: 16163: 16161: 16158: 16153: 16149: 16148: 16147: 16144: 16142: 16141:Christian law 16139: 16137: 16134: 16129: 16125: 16124: 16123: 16120: 16115: 16111: 16108: 16104: 16101: 16097: 16094: 16090: 16089: 16088: 16085: 16080: 16076: 16075: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16064: 16061: 16059: 16056: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16041: 16037: 16036: 16035: 16032: 16030: 16027: 16025: 16022: 16020: 16017: 16016: 16013: 16009: 16004: 16000: 15990: 15987: 15985: 15982: 15980: 15977: 15975: 15974:State atheism 15972: 15970: 15967: 15962: 15958: 15955: 15951: 15950: 15949: 15946: 15944: 15941: 15939: 15936: 15934: 15933:Secular state 15931: 15929: 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15904: 15901: 15899: 15896: 15894: 15891: 15886: 15882: 15881: 15880: 15877: 15875: 15872: 15870: 15869:Religious law 15867: 15865: 15862: 15860: 15857: 15855: 15852: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15842: 15840: 15837: 15835: 15832: 15830: 15827: 15825: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15812: 15808: 15805: 15801: 15800: 15799: 15796: 15794: 15791: 15789: 15786: 15784: 15781: 15779: 15776: 15771: 15767: 15766: 15765: 15762: 15760: 15757: 15755: 15754:Caesaropapism 15752: 15747: 15743: 15742: 15741: 15738: 15737: 15734: 15727: 15723: 15719: 15712: 15707: 15705: 15700: 15698: 15693: 15692: 15689: 15677: 15669: 15667: 15659: 15658: 15655: 15649: 15646: 15642: 15639: 15638: 15637: 15634: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15626:Social stigma 15624: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15610: 15607: 15606: 15605: 15602: 15600: 15597: 15595: 15592: 15590: 15587: 15585: 15582: 15580: 15577: 15573: 15570: 15569: 15568: 15565: 15563: 15560: 15558: 15555: 15553: 15550: 15548: 15545: 15543: 15540: 15538: 15535: 15533: 15530: 15528: 15525: 15523: 15520: 15518: 15515: 15513: 15510: 15508: 15505: 15503: 15500: 15496: 15493: 15492: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15478: 15476: 15473: 15471: 15468: 15466: 15463: 15461: 15458: 15456: 15453: 15451: 15448: 15444: 15441: 15439: 15436: 15435: 15434: 15431: 15429: 15426: 15424: 15421: 15419: 15416: 15414: 15411: 15409: 15406: 15404: 15401: 15400: 15398: 15394: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15378: 15375: 15373: 15370: 15368: 15365: 15363: 15360: 15358: 15355: 15353: 15350: 15348: 15345: 15343: 15340: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15323: 15320: 15316: 15313: 15312: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15277: 15275: 15271: 15265: 15262: 15260: 15257: 15255: 15252: 15250: 15249:State atheism 15247: 15245: 15242: 15240: 15237: 15233: 15230: 15228: 15225: 15223: 15220: 15218: 15215: 15214: 15213: 15210: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15191: 15188: 15186: 15185:Jim Crow laws 15183: 15182: 15181: 15178: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15170:One-drop rule 15168: 15166: 15164: 15160: 15158: 15155: 15153: 15150: 15148: 15145: 15143: 15140: 15138: 15135: 15133: 15130: 15128: 15125: 15123: 15120: 15118: 15115: 15113: 15110: 15106: 15103: 15101: 15098: 15097: 15096: 15093: 15091: 15088: 15086: 15085:Blood quantum 15083: 15081: 15078: 15076: 15073: 15072: 15070: 15064: 15058: 15055: 15053: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15043: 15040: 15038: 15035: 15033: 15032:Victimisation 15030: 15028: 15027:Trans bashing 15025: 15023: 15020: 15018: 15015: 15013: 15010: 15008: 15005: 15003: 15000: 14998: 14997:Religious war 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14977:Racialization 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14948: 14945: 14941: 14938: 14936: 14933: 14931: 14928: 14927: 14926: 14923: 14921: 14918: 14916: 14913: 14911: 14908: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14896: 14893: 14891: 14888: 14886: 14883: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14859: 14856: 14855: 14854: 14851: 14849: 14848:Glass ceiling 14846: 14842: 14839: 14838: 14837: 14834: 14832: 14829: 14827: 14824: 14822: 14819: 14817: 14814: 14812: 14809: 14807: 14804: 14802: 14799: 14797: 14794: 14792: 14791:Ethnic hatred 14789: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14779: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14747: 14744: 14742: 14739: 14737: 14734: 14732: 14729: 14727: 14726:Counter-jihad 14724: 14722: 14719: 14717: 14714: 14712: 14709: 14707: 14704: 14702: 14699: 14697: 14694: 14690: 14687: 14686: 14685: 14682: 14681: 14679: 14675: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14644: 14641: 14639: 14636: 14634: 14631: 14629: 14626: 14624: 14621: 14619: 14616: 14614: 14611: 14609: 14606: 14604: 14601: 14599: 14596: 14594: 14591: 14589: 14586: 14584: 14581: 14579: 14576: 14574: 14571: 14569: 14566: 14564: 14561: 14559: 14556: 14554: 14551: 14549: 14546: 14544: 14541: 14539: 14536: 14534: 14531: 14529: 14526: 14524: 14521: 14517: 14516:United States 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14503: 14501: 14499: 14496: 14494: 14491: 14489: 14486: 14484: 14481: 14479: 14476: 14474: 14471: 14469: 14466: 14464: 14461: 14459: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14444: 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14412: 14409: 14407: 14404: 14402: 14399: 14398: 14397: 14394: 14392: 14389: 14387: 14384: 14380: 14379:United States 14377: 14375: 14372: 14370: 14367: 14366: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14355: 14352: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14342: 14340: 14337: 14335: 14332: 14331: 14329: 14327: 14322: 14316: 14313: 14311: 14308: 14306: 14303: 14301: 14300:Protestantism 14298: 14296: 14293: 14289: 14286: 14285: 14284: 14281: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14267: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14257: 14256: 14255: 14252: 14251: 14250: 14247: 14243: 14240: 14238: 14235: 14234: 14233: 14230: 14228: 14225: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14215:LDS or Mormon 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14197: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14186: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14177: 14175: 14173: 14169: 14163: 14160: 14158: 14155: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14145:Transmisogyny 14143: 14141: 14138: 14137: 14136: 14133: 14129: 14126: 14124: 14121: 14120: 14119: 14116: 14114: 14111: 14109: 14106: 14104: 14101: 14099: 14096: 14094: 14091: 14089: 14086: 14084: 14081: 14079: 14076: 14074: 14071: 14069: 14066: 14064: 14061: 14059: 14056: 14054: 14051: 14049: 14048:Gerontophobia 14046: 14044: 14041: 14039: 14036: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13968:Anti-intersex 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13951: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13943:Anti-albinism 13941: 13939: 13936: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13925: 13923: 13919: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13881: 13878: 13876: 13873: 13872: 13871: 13868: 13866: 13863: 13861: 13858: 13856: 13853: 13851: 13848: 13846: 13843: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13831: 13828: 13826: 13823: 13821: 13818: 13816: 13813: 13812: 13810: 13806: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13787: 13785: 13784:Institutional 13782: 13781: 13779: 13775: 13771: 13764: 13759: 13757: 13752: 13750: 13745: 13744: 13741: 13731: 13726: 13719: 13712: 13709: 13707: 13704: 13701: 13698: 13695: 13692: 13689: 13686: 13683: 13680: 13677: 13674: 13671: 13668: 13665: 13662: 13659: 13656: 13653: 13650: 13647: 13644: 13641: 13638: 13635: 13632: 13629: 13626: 13623: 13620: 13617: 13614: 13611: 13608: 13605: 13602: 13597: 13594: 13591: 13588: 13585: 13582: 13581: 13579: 13578:Yugoslav Wars 13576: 13573: 13570: 13565: 13564:Big Excursion 13562: 13561: 13559: 13556: 13553: 13550: 13547: 13544: 13541: 13538: 13535: 13532: 13529: 13526: 13521: 13518: 13515: 13512: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13501: 13498: 13495: 13492: 13489: 13486: 13485: 13483: 13480: 13477: 13474: 13471: 13468: 13465: 13462: 13459: 13456: 13453: 13450: 13447: 13444: 13441: 13438: 13435: 13432: 13429: 13426: 13423: 13420: 13417: 13414: 13411: 13408: 13405: 13402: 13399: 13396: 13393: 13390: 13387: 13384: 13381: 13378: 13375: 13374:The Holocaust 13372: 13369: 13366: 13363: 13360: 13357: 13354: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13340: 13337: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13322: 13321: 13319: 13316: 13313: 13310: 13307: 13304: 13301: 13298: 13294: 13291: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13282: 13279: 13276: 13273: 13270: 13269:Dungan Revolt 13267: 13264: 13261: 13258: 13255: 13252: 13249: 13246: 13243: 13240: 13237: 13234: 13231: 13228: 13225: 13222: 13219: 13216: 13213: 13210: 13207: 13204: 13201: 13198: 13195: 13192: 13189: 13186: 13183: 13180: 13177: 13174: 13171: 13168: 13165: 13162: 13159: 13156: 13153: 13150: 13147: 13144: 13141: 13138: 13135: 13132: 13129: 13126: 13123: 13120: 13117: 13116: 13114: 13110: 13104: 13101: 13099: 13096: 13094: 13091: 13089: 13086: 13084: 13083:State atheism 13081: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13041: 13039: 13036: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13016: 13014: 13011: 13009: 13006: 13004: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12981: 12979: 12978:Deprogramming 12976: 12974: 12971: 12969: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12960: 12958: 12954: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12930:Protestantism 12928: 12926: 12923: 12919: 12916: 12915: 12914: 12911: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12892: 12890: 12887: 12886: 12885: 12882: 12881: 12880: 12877: 12873: 12870: 12868: 12865: 12864: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12855: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12845:LDS or Mormon 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12827: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12807: 12803: 12799: 12795: 12791: 12784: 12779: 12777: 12772: 12770: 12765: 12764: 12761: 12757: 12751: 12747: 12743: 12742: 12731: 12727: 12723: 12719: 12715: 12710: 12700:on 2020-06-09 12699: 12695: 12691: 12687: 12683: 12679: 12675: 12671: 12667: 12663: 12653:on 2019-03-29 12649: 12642: 12637: 12627: 12623: 12619: 12604: 12597: 12592: 12577: 12572: 12568: 12564: 12560: 12549: 12545: 12541: 12531: 12527: 12523: 12519: 12515: 12505:on 2007-03-03 12504: 12500: 12496: 12486:on 2014-11-13 12485: 12481: 12477: 12473: 12463:on 2013-11-14 12462: 12458: 12457: 12452: 12448: 12444: 12440: 12436: 12432: 12429:. 2014-12-22. 12428: 12424: 12417: 12413: 12406: 12402: 12398: 12394: 12390: 12386: 12382: 12378: 12368:on 2019-04-19 12367: 12363: 12359: 12355: 12344: 12340: 12330:on 2012-08-26 12329: 12325: 12324: 12319: 12315: 12304: 12303: 12298: 12294: 12283: 12279: 12274: 12263: 12259: 12247: 12243: 12239: 12235: 12225:on 2015-09-20 12224: 12220: 12216: 12211: 12201: 12197: 12192: 12182: 12178: 12173: 12163: 12159: 12154: 12144: 12140: 12135: 12124: 12120: 12109: 12105: 12094: 12090: 12086: 12079: 12075: 12063: 12059: 12049:on 2017-03-26 12045: 12038: 12034: 12027: 12023: 12013: 12009: 12005: 12001: 11997: 11993: 11983: 11979: 11975: 11972:. 2007-09-14. 11971: 11967: 11963: 11953:on 2015-10-05 11952: 11948: 11944: 11933: 11929: 11925: 11921: 11917: 11913: 11909: 11898: 11894: 11890: 11875: 11871: 11864: 11859: 11849: 11845: 11841: 11831: 11827: 11823: 11813: 11809: 11805: 11795: 11791: 11787: 11777:on 2009-08-30 11776: 11772: 11768: 11758:on 2019-03-30 11757: 11753: 11749: 11745: 11741: 11737: 11727:on 2010-07-02 11726: 11722: 11718: 11708:on 2012-03-18 11707: 11703: 11699: 11689: 11685: 11681: 11677: 11673: 11669: 11657: 11653: 11643:on 2015-06-26 11642: 11638: 11634: 11631:. 2014-12-18. 11630: 11626: 11622: 11612:on 2015-10-04 11611: 11607: 11603: 11599: 11592: 11588: 11577: 11573: 11568: 11556: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11541: 11536: 11532: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11517: 11512: 11501: 11497: 11493: 11486: 11481: 11477: 11472: 11462: 11458: 11453: 11443: 11439: 11434: 11430: 11426: 11422: 11417: 11416: 11396: 11392: 11391: 11386: 11381: 11370: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11355: 11351: 11346: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11330: 11326: 11321: 11317: 11316: 11311: 11306: 11295: 11291: 11290:Time magazine 11287: 11283: 11273: 11269: 11265: 11261: 11256: 11255: 11243: 11239: 11235: 11230: 11226: 11222: 11218: 11213: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11197: 11192: 11188: 11184: 11180: 11176: 11172: 11168: 11164: 11160: 11155: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11139: 11134: 11130: 11126: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11110: 11106: 11102: 11098: 11094: 11089: 11085: 11079: 11075: 11071: 11067: 11066: 11060: 11056: 11052: 11048: 11044: 11040: 11036: 11031: 11027: 11023: 11019: 11015: 11011: 11007: 11002: 10998: 10994: 10990: 10986: 10982: 10978: 10974: 10970: 10966: 10962: 10957: 10953: 10949: 10945: 10941: 10937: 10933: 10929: 10925: 10920: 10916: 10912: 10908: 10904: 10900: 10896: 10892: 10888: 10883: 10879: 10875: 10871: 10867: 10863: 10859: 10854: 10850: 10846: 10842: 10838: 10834: 10830: 10826: 10822: 10817: 10814:(2): 435–452. 10813: 10809: 10805: 10800: 10796: 10792: 10788: 10784: 10780: 10776: 10772: 10767: 10766: 10754: 10748: 10744: 10739: 10735: 10729: 10725: 10721: 10720: 10714: 10710: 10704: 10700: 10699: 10693: 10689: 10685: 10681: 10675: 10671: 10670: 10664: 10660: 10654: 10650: 10649: 10643: 10639: 10633: 10629: 10628: 10622: 10618: 10614: 10610: 10604: 10600: 10599: 10593: 10589: 10585: 10578: 10577: 10571: 10567: 10561: 10557: 10556: 10550: 10546: 10542: 10538: 10532: 10528: 10527: 10521: 10517: 10511: 10507: 10506: 10500: 10496: 10490: 10486: 10485: 10479: 10475: 10469: 10465: 10464: 10458: 10454: 10448: 10444: 10439: 10438: 10431: 10427: 10421: 10417: 10416: 10410: 10406: 10400: 10396: 10395: 10389: 10385: 10381: 10377: 10371: 10367: 10366: 10360: 10356: 10350: 10346: 10342: 10341: 10335: 10331: 10325: 10321: 10320: 10314: 10310: 10304: 10300: 10299: 10293: 10289: 10283: 10279: 10278: 10272: 10268: 10267: 10261: 10257: 10251: 10247: 10243: 10239: 10235: 10231: 10227: 10223: 10217: 10213: 10212: 10206: 10196: 10195: 10189: 10185: 10179: 10174: 10173: 10166: 10162: 10156: 10152: 10151: 10145: 10141: 10137: 10133: 10127: 10123: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10108: 10102: 10098: 10097: 10091: 10087: 10081: 10077: 10076: 10070: 10066: 10060: 10056: 10055: 10049: 10045: 10039: 10035: 10034: 10028: 10024: 10018: 10014: 10013: 10007: 10003: 9997: 9992: 9991: 9984: 9980: 9974: 9970: 9969: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9949: 9948: 9942: 9938: 9932: 9928: 9927: 9921: 9917: 9911: 9907: 9906: 9900: 9896: 9890: 9886: 9882: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9863: 9862: 9856: 9852: 9846: 9842: 9841: 9835: 9831: 9827: 9823: 9817: 9812: 9811: 9804: 9800: 9794: 9791:. Routledge. 9790: 9789: 9783: 9779: 9773: 9769: 9768: 9762: 9758: 9754: 9750: 9744: 9740: 9735: 9731: 9725: 9721: 9720: 9714: 9710: 9706: 9702: 9696: 9692: 9691: 9685: 9678: 9673: 9669: 9663: 9659: 9658: 9652: 9648: 9644: 9640: 9634: 9630: 9629: 9623: 9622: 9606: 9605:Sinishta 1983 9601: 9595: 9591: 9586: 9580: 9576: 9571: 9569: 9567: 9565: 9558: 9554: 9549: 9543: 9539: 9538:fdih.org 2003 9534: 9528: 9524: 9519: 9512: 9507: 9499: 9493: 9489: 9488: 9480: 9471: 9462: 9453: 9445: 9439: 9435: 9434: 9426: 9418: 9412: 9408: 9403: 9402: 9393: 9386: 9381: 9375: 9371: 9364: 9358: 9354: 9349: 9343: 9339: 9334: 9328: 9324: 9323:Van Hove 1996 9319: 9317: 9315: 9313: 9311: 9309: 9302: 9298: 9293: 9285: 9279: 9275: 9274: 9266: 9258: 9257: 9249: 9243: 9239: 9234: 9228: 9224: 9219: 9213: 9209: 9204: 9202: 9195: 9191: 9186: 9184: 9182: 9175: 9168: 9163: 9157: 9153: 9148: 9146: 9144: 9137: 9133: 9128: 9121: 9117: 9112: 9105:. 2 May 2019. 9104: 9098: 9090: 9084: 9076: 9070: 9062: 9056: 9049: 9045: 9040: 9033: 9029: 9024: 9018: 9014: 9009: 9003: 8999: 8994: 8992: 8985: 8981: 8976: 8974: 8972: 8965: 8961: 8956: 8950: 8946: 8941: 8939: 8931: 8927: 8926:CIA: N. Korea 8922: 8916: 8912: 8907: 8900: 8893: 8888: 8882: 8878: 8873: 8867: 8863: 8858: 8851: 8847: 8842: 8835: 8828: 8823: 8816: 8809: 8804: 8798: 8794: 8789: 8783: 8779: 8774: 8768: 8764: 8759: 8753: 8749: 8744: 8738: 8734: 8733:Scammell 2015 8729: 8723: 8719: 8714: 8708: 8704: 8699: 8693: 8689: 8684: 8678: 8674: 8669: 8663: 8659: 8654: 8648: 8644: 8639: 8625: 8621: 8615: 8608: 8604: 8599: 8593: 8589: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8569: 8563: 8559: 8554: 8548: 8544: 8539: 8533: 8529: 8524: 8518: 8514: 8509: 8503: 8499: 8494: 8487: 8482: 8476: 8472: 8467: 8461: 8457: 8452: 8450: 8443: 8439: 8434: 8428: 8424: 8419: 8413: 8409: 8404: 8398: 8394: 8389: 8383: 8379: 8374: 8367: 8360: 8355: 8349: 8345: 8340: 8334: 8330: 8325: 8319: 8315: 8314:Campbell 2016 8310: 8304: 8300: 8295: 8288: 8285:, p. 1, 8284: 8279: 8272: 8268: 8263: 8261: 8253: 8249: 8244: 8238: 8231: 8226: 8224: 8217: 8213: 8208: 8202: 8198: 8193: 8187: 8186:archived page 8183: 8178: 8172: 8168: 8163: 8157: 8153: 8148: 8142: 8138: 8133: 8131: 8124: 8120: 8115: 8113: 8104: 8098: 8094: 8087: 8080: 8076: 8075:Sinishta 1976 8071: 8065: 8061: 8056: 8050: 8046: 8041: 8035: 8031: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8016: 8014: 8012: 8004: 7998:, p. 6, 7997: 7992: 7984: 7978: 7974: 7973: 7965: 7957: 7951: 7943: 7937: 7931: 7927: 7922: 7916: 7912: 7907: 7901: 7897: 7892: 7886: 7882: 7877: 7871: 7867: 7862: 7856: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7837: 7832: 7826: 7822: 7817: 7811: 7807: 7802: 7796: 7792: 7787: 7781: 7777: 7772: 7766: 7762: 7757: 7751: 7747: 7742: 7736: 7732: 7727: 7721: 7717: 7712: 7704: 7698: 7691: 7686: 7680: 7676: 7671: 7665: 7661: 7656: 7649: 7646:, p. 2, 7645: 7640: 7634: 7631:, p. 2, 7630: 7625: 7619: 7615: 7610: 7604: 7600: 7595: 7593: 7591: 7589: 7582: 7578: 7573: 7571: 7564: 7560: 7559:Anderson 1994 7555: 7553: 7544: 7538: 7534: 7529: 7528: 7519: 7517: 7509: 7504: 7502: 7485: 7481: 7475: 7473: 7466: 7462: 7461:Anderson 1994 7457: 7451: 7444: 7439: 7433: 7429: 7424: 7422: 7420: 7412: 7405: 7400: 7398: 7390: 7386: 7381: 7374: 7370: 7365: 7359: 7355: 7350: 7343: 7339: 7334: 7327: 7319: 7314: 7308: 7304: 7299: 7292: 7288: 7283: 7277: 7273: 7268: 7266: 7259: 7255: 7250: 7236: 7232: 7226: 7212: 7208: 7202: 7188: 7184: 7178: 7171: 7164: 7159: 7152: 7148: 7143: 7136: 7131: 7123: 7119: 7113: 7098: 7094: 7088: 7074: 7070: 7063: 7056: 7052: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7041: 7039: 7031: 7027: 7023: 7018: 7016: 7014: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6996: 6991: 6989: 6987: 6985: 6977: 6973: 6968: 6966: 6958: 6954: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6937: 6932: 6925: 6921: 6916: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6880: 6875: 6868: 6864: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6843: 6839: 6834: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6821: 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6741: 6737: 6733: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6653: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6633: 6632:Campbell 2015 6628: 6621: 6617: 6612: 6610: 6602: 6598: 6597:Leustean 2009 6593: 6587: 6580: 6579:Walaszek 1986 6575: 6569: 6565: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6547: 6543: 6538: 6531: 6527: 6522: 6515: 6511: 6506: 6504: 6497: 6493: 6488: 6481: 6477: 6472: 6466: 6462: 6457: 6455: 6447: 6443: 6438: 6436: 6429: 6425: 6420: 6418: 6410: 6406: 6401: 6399: 6391: 6387: 6382: 6376: 6372: 6367: 6365: 6357: 6353: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6335: 6331: 6326: 6320: 6316: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6294: 6290: 6285: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6268: 6264: 6259: 6253: 6246: 6241: 6239: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6213: 6206: 6202: 6197: 6190: 6183: 6178: 6176: 6169: 6165: 6160: 6156: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6088: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6067:Deng Xiaoping 6064: 6060: 6059:Four Freedoms 6056: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6042: 6038: 6034: 6030: 6026: 6020: 6010: 6008: 6004: 6001: 5997: 5993: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5942: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5923: 5920: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5889: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5876:anti-Catholic 5873: 5869: 5864: 5860: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5816: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5800: 5790: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5769: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5715: 5711: 5708: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5691: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5663: 5662: 5657: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5621: 5618: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5532:secular state 5529: 5525: 5522:In 1976, the 5520: 5518: 5513: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5498: 5494: 5484: 5482: 5478: 5474: 5470: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5434: 5430: 5427: 5425:Buddhists 8%. 5424: 5423: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5400: 5395: 5393: 5388: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5357: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5338: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5249: 5247: 5243: 5238: 5234: 5231:during their 5230: 5226: 5220: 5216: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5191: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5155: 5153: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5135: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5105: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5085: 5082: 5078: 5073: 5070: 5065: 5061: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5027: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5013:Joseph Stalin 5010: 5007:In 1928, the 5005: 5002: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4948: 4945: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4897:. During the 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4871: 4869: 4865: 4864:world history 4861: 4857: 4853: 4845: 4840: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4818: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4775: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4745: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4659: 4648: 4646: 4635: 4633: 4622: 4620: 4609: 4607: 4596: 4594: 4583: 4581: 4570: 4568: 4557: 4555: 4544: 4542: 4531: 4529: 4518: 4516: 4505: 4503: 4492: 4490: 4479: 4477: 4466: 4464: 4453: 4451: 4440: 4438: 4427: 4425: 4414: 4412: 4401: 4399: 4388: 4387: 4379: 4368: 4366: 4355: 4352: 4348: 4337: 4335: 4324: 4323: 4317: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4306:secular state 4302: 4300: 4299:secular state 4296: 4292: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4279:. Currently, 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4237:Stalinist era 4234: 4230: 4226: 4221: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4206:ideologically 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4174:atheist state 4171: 4170:State atheism 4160: 4155: 4153: 4148: 4146: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4137: 4127: 4124: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4104:Social stigma 4102: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4084: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3878: 3869: 3868: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3738: 3737: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712:State atheism 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3649:Jim Crow laws 3647: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3634:One-drop rule 3632: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3561: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3549:Blood quantum 3547: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3536: 3527: 3526: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3490:Victimisation 3488: 3486: 3485:Trans bashing 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3455:Religious war 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3435:Racialization 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3317: 3314: 3313: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3306:Glass ceiling 3304: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3249:Ethnic hatred 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3184:Counter-jihad 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3130: 3129: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2966:United States 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2848: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2830: 2829:United States 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2781: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2742:Protestantism 2740: 2738: 2735: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2726: 2723: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2698: 2697: 2694: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2657:LDS or Mormon 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2613: 2608: 2607: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2579:Transmisogyny 2577: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2482:Gerontophobia 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2402:Anti-intersex 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2377:Anti-albinism 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2350: 2349: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2229: 2228: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2202:Institutional 2200: 2199: 2190: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2154: 2149: 2147: 2142: 2140: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2131: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2120: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2086: 2085: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2016: 2006: 2005: 2001: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1985: 1984: 1980: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1963: 1959: 1957: 1956: 1952: 1950: 1949: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1935: 1931: 1930: 1921: 1920: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1887: 1886: 1879: 1876: 1875: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1844: 1839: 1838: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1805: 1801: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1735: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1723: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1692:Secular state 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1643: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1611: 1606: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1588: 1582: 1573: 1570: 1566: 1561: 1558: 1549: 1546: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1523: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1479: 1478: 1471: 1470: 1466: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1429: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1417: 1416: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1389:Michel Onfray 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1334:Denis Diderot 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1284: 1283: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1239:Occam's razor 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1180: 1172: 1171: 1164: 1163:State atheism 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1051: 1050: 1040: 1035: 1033: 1028: 1026: 1021: 1020: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 985: 982: 981: 980: 977: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 959: 958: 955: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 922: 921: 918: 915: 911: 908: 906: 903: 899: 898:Protestantism 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 872: 869: 868: 867: 864: 860: 857: 856: 855: 854:Christophobia 852: 851: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 826: 822: 817: 816: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 781: 780: 779: 775: 774: 769: 766: 765: 764: 763: 760: 757: 756: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 677: 676: 675: 672: 669: 668: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 529: 528: 527: 524: 521: 520: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 341: 340: 339: 336: 333: 332: 327: 326:United States 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 288: 287: 286: 283: 282:South America 279: 276: 275: 270: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 235: 232: 230: 227: 225: 222: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 181: 180: 179: 176: 173: 172: 167: 162: 161: 153: 152:Atheist state 150: 148: 145: 143: 142:Secular state 140: 138: 135: 134: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 112:School prayer 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 69: 62: 61: 58: 55: 54: 35: 31: 27: 21: 17735:Unitarianism 17705:Spiritualism 17332:Humanists UK 17282: 17275: 17268: 17261: 17254: 17247: 17240: 17233: 17226: 17219: 17212: 17101: 17087:Demographics 17010:Antireligion 16948:State Shinto 16908:Ancient Rome 16827:969 Movement 16811:Buddhist law 16602:Jewish right 16460:Islamization 16294:Subsidiarity 16281:In Argentina 16233:Febronianism 15973: 15460:Gender-blind 15347:Human rights 15248: 15175:Racial quota 15162: 15142:Jewish quota 15122:Gerontocracy 15117:Gender roles 15095:Disabilities 15080:Blood purity 15052:Wife selling 15042:White flight 15022:Slut-shaming 15002:Scapegoating 14920:Murder music 14593:Palestinians 14411:South Africa 14396:Black people 14374:South Africa 14195:Christianity 14185:Baháʼí Faith 14113:Sectarianism 14053:Heterosexism 14018:Ephebiphobia 13983:Antisemitism 13978:Anti-Masonry 13845:Hair texture 13580:(1991–2001) 13560:(1984–1989) 13520:Famen Temple 13510:(1966–1976) 13320:(1922–1991) 13289:(1913–1922) 13082: 12825:Christianity 12815:Baháʼí Faith 12755: 12729: 12718:the original 12702:. Retrieved 12698:the original 12694:en.people.cn 12693: 12682:the original 12669: 12655:. Retrieved 12648:the original 12629:. Retrieved 12625: 12610:. Retrieved 12603:the original 12583:. Retrieved 12567:the original 12552:. Retrieved 12547: 12533:. Retrieved 12529: 12507:. Retrieved 12503:the original 12488:. Retrieved 12484:the original 12479: 12465:. Retrieved 12461:the original 12454: 12443:the original 12438: 12396: 12385:the original 12370:. Retrieved 12366:the original 12361: 12347:. Retrieved 12332:. Retrieved 12328:the original 12321: 12307:. Retrieved 12300: 12285:. Retrieved 12266:. Retrieved 12250:. Retrieved 12246:the original 12241: 12227:. Retrieved 12223:the original 12218: 12203:. Retrieved 12199: 12184:. Retrieved 12180: 12165:. Retrieved 12161: 12146:. Retrieved 12142: 12127:. Retrieved 12111:. Retrieved 12097:. Retrieved 12093:the original 12066:. Retrieved 12051:. Retrieved 12044:the original 12015:. Retrieved 12011: 11999: 11985:. Retrieved 11981: 11969: 11955:. Retrieved 11951:the original 11936:. Retrieved 11934:. 2012-12-07 11931: 11920:the original 11915: 11901:. Retrieved 11896: 11881:. Retrieved 11874:the original 11851:. Retrieved 11847: 11833:. Retrieved 11829: 11815:. Retrieved 11811: 11797:. Retrieved 11793: 11779:. Retrieved 11775:the original 11760:. Retrieved 11756:the original 11743: 11729:. Retrieved 11725:the original 11710:. Retrieved 11706:the original 11691:. Retrieved 11687: 11675: 11660:. Retrieved 11645:. Retrieved 11641:the original 11628: 11614:. Retrieved 11610:the original 11597: 11580:. Retrieved 11578:(in Russian) 11575: 11559:. Retrieved 11552: 11528: 11504:. Retrieved 11502:. 2011-12-19 11499: 11464:. Retrieved 11461:www.ewtn.com 11460: 11445:. Retrieved 11441: 11429:the original 11399:. Retrieved 11388: 11372:. Retrieved 11366: 11353: 11340: 11329:the Guardian 11328: 11313: 11298:. Retrieved 11294:the original 11289: 11275:. Retrieved 11263: 11244:(2): 98–113. 11241: 11237: 11224: 11220: 11202:(1–3): 4–7. 11199: 11195: 11162: 11158: 11141: 11137: 11096: 11092: 11064: 11038: 11034: 11009: 11005: 10967:(1): 35–50. 10964: 10960: 10927: 10923: 10890: 10886: 10861: 10857: 10824: 10820: 10811: 10807: 10778: 10774: 10742: 10718: 10701:. Springer. 10697: 10668: 10647: 10626: 10597: 10575: 10554: 10525: 10504: 10483: 10462: 10436: 10414: 10393: 10364: 10339: 10318: 10297: 10276: 10265: 10245: 10210: 10198:. Retrieved 10193: 10171: 10149: 10120: 10095: 10074: 10053: 10032: 10011: 9989: 9967: 9946: 9925: 9904: 9880: 9860: 9839: 9809: 9787: 9766: 9738: 9718: 9689: 9656: 9627: 9600: 9585: 9575:Hertzke 2015 9548: 9533: 9518: 9506: 9486: 9479: 9470: 9461: 9452: 9432: 9425: 9400: 9392: 9383: 9369: 9363: 9348: 9338:Scheina 2003 9333: 9292: 9272: 9265: 9255: 9248: 9233: 9218: 9194:link to page 9162: 9127: 9116:Sanders 2003 9111: 9097: 9083: 9069: 9055: 9039: 9034:(in Italian) 9023: 9008: 8960:hrw.org 2004 8955: 8921: 8906: 8887: 8872: 8857: 8841: 8822: 8803: 8788: 8773: 8758: 8743: 8728: 8713: 8698: 8683: 8668: 8653: 8643:Buckley 2011 8638: 8627:. Retrieved 8623: 8614: 8598: 8588:Reuters 2015 8583: 8568: 8553: 8538: 8523: 8508: 8493: 8481: 8466: 8433: 8418: 8403: 8388: 8373: 8354: 8339: 8324: 8309: 8294: 8278: 8243: 8207: 8192: 8177: 8162: 8147: 8092: 8086: 8070: 8055: 8040: 7991: 7971: 7964: 7950: 7936: 7926:Nielsen 2018 7921: 7906: 7891: 7876: 7861: 7846: 7831: 7821:CIA: Belarus 7816: 7801: 7786: 7771: 7756: 7741: 7726: 7711: 7697: 7685: 7670: 7655: 7639: 7624: 7609: 7526: 7488:. Retrieved 7483: 7456: 7438: 7380: 7364: 7349: 7333: 7313: 7298: 7287:Thrower 1983 7282: 7272:Baggini 2003 7249: 7238:. Retrieved 7234: 7225: 7214:. Retrieved 7210: 7201: 7190:. Retrieved 7186: 7177: 7163:Madeley 2003 7158: 7142: 7130: 7121: 7112: 7101:. Retrieved 7096: 7087: 7076:. Retrieved 7072: 7062: 7051:O'Brien 1993 7022:Hertzke 2006 6995:Hertzke 2006 6938:, p. 99 6931: 6915: 6879:Madeley 2009 6874: 6800:Turkmenistan 6708:East Germany 6642: 6627: 6592: 6574: 6537: 6526:Sanders 2003 6521: 6492:Stiller 2013 6487: 6471: 6442:Kellner 2014 6381: 6325: 6258: 6196: 6164:Stanton 2012 6159: 6096:Antireligion 6071:Bill Clinton 6063:Jimmy Carter 6045: 6022: 6013:Human rights 5977: 5924: 5919:Cristero War 5892: 5868:anticlerical 5865: 5861: 5845: 5842:Cristero War 5802: 5771: 5742:. President 5729: 5704: 5693: 5679: 5659: 5653: 5614: 5589:East Germany 5552:Pope Francis 5521: 5514: 5502:Fidel Castro 5499: 5496: 5466: 5462:Christianity 5451: 5438:Christians, 5402: 5397: 5389: 5358: 5352:period. The 5339: 5333:and foreign 5315:Confucianism 5308: 5288: 5250: 5222: 5183:Christianity 5156: 5136: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5101: 5086: 5074: 5063: 5057: 5006: 4968:Turkmenistan 4949: 4935:expropriated 4932: 4916: 4872: 4867: 4851: 4849: 4843: 4821: 4778:Soviet Union 4763: 4758: 4747: 4742: 4738: 4681: 4350: 4303: 4293: 4277:Central Asia 4269:East Germany 4229:Soviet Union 4222: 4178:hard atheism 4173: 4169: 4168: 3938:Gender-blind 3817:Human rights 3639:Racial quota 3626: 3606:Jewish quota 3586:Gerontocracy 3581:Gender roles 3559:Disabilities 3544:Blood purity 3510:Wife selling 3500:White flight 3480:Slut-shaming 3460:Scapegoating 3378:Murder music 3043:Palestinians 2861:South Africa 2846:Black people 2824:South Africa 2637:Christianity 2627:Baháʼí Faith 2547:Sectarianism 2487:Heterosexism 2452:Ephebiphobia 2417:Antisemitism 2412:Anti-Masonry 2271:Hair texture 2060:Humanists UK 2002: 1995: 1988: 1981: 1974: 1967: 1960: 1953: 1946: 1939: 1932: 1792: 1745:Demographics 1652:Antireligion 1467: 1460: 1453: 1446: 1439: 1432: 1425: 1399:Peter Singer 1379:Jean Meslier 1319:Albert Camus 1162: 967:Anti-Judaism 962:Antisemitism 950:Islamophobia 849:Christianity 839:Baháʼí Faith 735:Saudi Arabia 504:Turkmenistan 259:South Africa 204:Burkina Faso 151: 34:Cristero War 17720:Transtheism 17683:Physitheism 17651:Panentheism 17646:Open theism 17634:Post-theism 17511:New Atheism 17146:Agnosticism 17025:Freethought 16916:Gottgläubig 16834:Nichirenism 16587:Jewish left 16470:Petro-Islam 16406:In Pakistan 16260:Papal state 16238:Gallicanism 16223:Cisalpinism 15788:Divine rule 15764:Clericalism 15362:Nonviolence 15357:LGBT rights 15322:Empowerment 15290:Anti-racism 15212:Segregation 15157:No kid zone 14957:Persecution 14870:Hate speech 14821:Gay bashing 14796:Ethnic joke 14751:Dog whistle 14696:Blood libel 14391:Azerbaijani 14295:Neopaganism 14288:Persecution 14254:Persecution 14237:Persecution 14200:Catholicism 14135:Transphobia 14118:Supremacism 14073:Lesbophobia 13988:Aporophobia 13948:Anti-autism 13799:Taste-based 13794:Statistical 13666:(2014–2017) 13654:(2014–2017) 13648:(2013–2016) 13586:(1992–1996) 13548:(1975–1979) 13542:(1975–1990) 13448:(1948–1980) 13394:(1945–1989) 13388:(1945–1989) 13382:(1941–1945) 13376:(1939–1945) 13364:(1936–1975) 13349:legislation 13314:(1917–1990) 13308:(1915–1923) 13302:(1914–1924) 13283:(1912–1913) 13271:(1862–1877) 13253:(1857–1858) 13247:(1789–1801) 13235:(1683–1922) 13229:(1673–1829) 13223:(1609–1614) 13217:(1562–1598) 13211:(1561–1812) 13205:(1526–1791) 13199:(1522–1712) 13193:(1500–1526) 13169:(1184–1908) 13167:Inquisition 13078:Segregation 13043:Intolerance 12983:Desecration 12925:Neopaganism 12918:Persecution 12884:Persecution 12867:Persecution 12830:Catholicism 12439:30giorni.it 12287:5 September 11812:www.cia.gov 11688:www.loc.gov 11662:3 September 11658:. BBC. 1999 11561:3 September 11374:5 September 10864:(1): 1–22. 9167:Cronon 1958 8892:Barker 2004 8778:Bandow 2016 8718:Miroff 2015 8658:Simons 1980 8486:USCIRF 2012 8471:Madsen 2010 8344:Sharma 2011 8230:Shenon 1992 8182:Gallup 2013 8152:instat 2011 8119:uscirf 2012 7996:Tonnes 2008 7911:Miller 2009 7690:Atwood 2001 7443:Daniel 1995 7404:Froese 2004 7254:Raines 2002 6936:Maddox 1998 6820:South Yemen 6768:North Korea 6648:Afghanistan 6461:Doulos 1986 6405:Mallin 1994 6263:Clarke 2009 5744:Kim Il Sung 5686:Kim Jong Il 5671:Kim Il Sung 5624:North Korea 5580:evangelical 5556:Pentecostal 5446:, about 1%. 5440:Protestants 5340:During the 5335:colonialism 5263:minority." 5261:Cham Muslim 5253:Ben Kiernan 5237:monasteries 5225:Khmer Rouge 5203:Khmer Rouge 5187:irreligious 5089:Enver Hoxha 5060:Enver Hoxha 4889:during the 4365:North Korea 4285:North Korea 3832:Nonviolence 3827:LGBT rights 3792:Empowerment 3760:Anti-racism 3676:Segregation 3621:No kid zone 3415:Persecution 3328:Hate speech 3279:Gay bashing 3254:Ethnic joke 3209:Dog whistle 3154:Blood libel 2841:Azerbaijani 2737:Neopaganism 2730:Persecution 2696:Persecution 2679:Persecution 2642:Catholicism 2569:Transphobia 2552:Supremacism 2507:Lesbophobia 2422:Aporophobia 2382:Anti-autism 2217:Taste-based 2212:Statistical 1843:Agnosticism 1667:Freethought 1581:WikiProject 1504:Freethought 1499:Agnosticism 1314:Mario Bunge 1254:Poor design 1110:New Atheism 991:Neopaganism 914:Hinduphobia 866:Catholicism 671:Middle East 474:South Korea 459:Philippines 449:North Korea 344:Afghanistan 32:during the 17785:Categories 17695:Polytheism 17688:Euhemerism 17666:Hylotheism 17607:Monotheism 17582:Henotheism 17577:Misotheism 17471:Antitheism 17137:Antitheism 17060:Secularity 17055:Secularism 17002:Irreligion 16994:Irreligion 16758:Rama Rajya 16725:Bangabhumi 16626:Poale Zion 16582:Jewish law 16399:by country 16393:Sharia law 15943:Secularity 15938:Secularism 15636:Stereotype 15631:Speciesism 15512:Oppression 15507:Oikophobia 15403:Allophilia 15387:Toleration 15244:Sodomy law 15137:Internment 15057:Witch-hunt 14935:Blackhawks 14865:Hate group 14853:Hate crime 14826:Gendercide 14816:Freak show 14806:Excellence 14766:Employment 14736:Defamation 14668:Vietnamese 14663:Venezuelan 14553:Lithuanian 14227:Falun Gong 14162:Xenophobia 14157:Vegaphobia 14140:Non-binary 14098:Pedophobia 14063:Homophobia 13875:Skin color 13835:Disability 13808:Attributes 13789:Structural 13163:(643–1526) 13038:Iconoclasm 13033:Hate crime 12963:Censorship 12857:Falun Gong 12750:1704788528 12704:2019-05-20 12657:2019-03-29 12631:2019-05-20 12581:. fdih.org 12554:2019-05-20 12535:2019-05-20 12509:2007-03-03 12490:2019-05-01 12467:2019-05-20 12372:2019-05-20 12349:2009-05-24 12334:2009-05-24 12309:2017-11-11 12268:2007-10-02 12229:2015-10-05 12205:2019-05-20 12186:2019-05-20 12167:2019-05-20 12148:2019-05-20 12129:2007-09-05 12099:2013-03-25 12053:2017-03-26 12017:2019-05-20 12012:bjoerna.dk 11987:2019-05-20 11957:2015-10-05 11938:2019-05-20 11903:2019-05-20 11853:2019-05-20 11835:2019-05-20 11817:2019-05-20 11799:2019-05-20 11781:2019-05-20 11762:2019-05-20 11731:2019-05-20 11712:2019-05-20 11693:2019-05-20 11647:2019-05-20 11616:2015-10-03 11582:2006-09-09 11506:2019-05-19 11466:2019-05-19 11447:2019-05-19 11300:2007-10-02 11277:2019-05-19 10200:2019-05-20 9613:References 9590:chabad.org 9553:Davis 2002 9238:Shirk 2005 8629:2023-03-27 8408:Tyler 2004 8329:Xiong 2013 7881:Olsen 2007 7644:Peris 1998 7629:Peris 1998 7614:Overy 2004 7561:, p. 7303:Lenin 1996 7240:2023-04-02 7216:2023-04-02 7192:2023-04-02 7103:2023-12-24 7078:2021-05-12 7024:, p. 6997:, p. 6953:Eller 2014 6808:Uzbekistan 6796:Tajikistan 6764:Mozambique 6760:Montenegro 6732:Kyrgyzstan 6728:Kazakhstan 6664:Azerbaijan 6424:Ramet 1998 6136:Secularism 5980:Christians 5964:See also: 5907:Guanajuato 5872:Calles Law 5838:Calles Law 5828:See also: 5732:Protestant 5544:US embargo 5540:Cuban thaw 5346:Red Guards 5299:Xi Jinping 5207:Angkor Wat 5081:Franciscan 5021:Sharia law 4976:Tajikistan 4972:Kyrgyzstan 4964:Uzbekistan 4960:Kazakhstan 4940:Bolsheviks 4903:Antichrist 4879:Bolsheviks 4873:After the 4314:irreligion 4210:irreligion 4208:linked to 4182:non-theism 4114:Stereotype 4109:Speciesism 3990:Oppression 3985:Oikophobia 3881:Allophilia 3857:Toleration 3708:Sodomy law 3601:Internment 3515:Witch-hunt 3393:Blackhawks 3323:Hate group 3311:Hate crime 3284:Gendercide 3274:Freak show 3264:Excellence 3224:Employment 3194:Defamation 3118:Vietnamese 3113:Venezuelan 3003:Lithuanian 2669:Falun Gong 2596:Xenophobia 2591:Vegaphobia 2574:Non-binary 2532:Pedophobia 2497:Homophobia 2301:Skin color 2261:Disability 2232:Attributes 2207:Structural 1811:Antitheism 1702:Secularity 1697:Secularism 1642:Irreligion 1633:Irreligion 1490:Irreligion 1349:Sam Harris 1153:Secularism 1077:Naturalism 905:Falun Gong 612:Montenegro 552:Azerbaijan 509:Uzbekistan 489:Tajikistan 414:Kazakhstan 359:Bangladesh 354:Azerbaijan 249:Mauritania 219:Cape Verde 97:Secularism 17730:Tritheism 17656:Pantheism 17629:Nontheism 17624:Mysticism 17602:Monolatry 17572:Egotheism 17567:Dystheism 17555:Polydeism 17476:Apatheism 17449:Existence 17195:Humanists 17190:Agnostics 17169:Apatheism 17112:Criticism 16688:Hindu law 16636:Religious 16452:Criticism 16040:Papal ban 15984:Theocracy 15609:Christian 15537:Prejudice 15485:Masculism 15433:Diversity 15227:religious 15202:Redlining 14801:Ethnocide 14761:Education 14653:Ukrainian 14588:Pakistani 14578:Mongolian 14506:Australia 14488:Hungarian 14443:Colombian 14423:Bulgarian 14305:Rastafari 14259:Ahmadiyya 14172:Religious 14150:Trans men 14108:Pregnancy 14043:Gayphobia 14038:Fatphobia 13933:Acephobia 13928:Arophobia 13912:Viewpoint 13514:Four Olds 13227:Test Acts 13093:Terrorism 12935:Rastafari 12889:Ahmadiyya 11883:8 October 11557:. Beijing 11272:0362-4331 11179:0161-391X 11121:0016-7398 11055:0021-969X 11026:145727079 10989:884663575 10981:1468-5906 10944:0036-0341 10915:153633666 10907:0305-7410 10893:: 14–30. 10878:154541171 10849:145367724 10841:0002-7162 10795:0021-8294 10688:696631892 10617:175170260 10588:975335961 10230:860626352 10140:893888702 9757:936352170 9709:609858051 9647:762991000 9353:Ruiz 1992 9223:Tuck 1996 9208:Joes 2006 8438:people.cn 8359:Chen 1965 6744:Lithuania 6616:Dodd 2003 6510:Haas 1997 6182:Hall 1999 6077:with the 5915:Michoacán 5903:Zacatecas 5752:Chondoism 5675:Pyongyang 5560:Methodist 5506:Falangist 5444:Catholics 5409:feng shui 5331:feudalism 5229:Buddhists 5134:in 1972. 4996:Lithuania 4868:gosateizm 4852:gosateizm 4820:Cover of 4726:Karl Marx 4715:communist 4190:theocracy 4087:Christian 4015:Prejudice 3963:Masculism 3911:Diversity 3691:religious 3666:Redlining 3259:Ethnocide 3219:Education 3103:Ukrainian 3038:Pakistani 3028:Mongolian 2956:Australia 2938:Hungarian 2893:Colombian 2873:Bulgarian 2747:Rastafari 2701:Ahmadiyya 2612:Religious 2584:Trans men 2542:Pregnancy 2477:Gayphobia 2472:Fatphobia 2367:Acephobia 2362:Arophobia 2338:Viewpoint 1909:Humanists 1904:Agnostics 1868:Apatheism 1755:Criticism 1374:Karl Marx 1234:Nonbelief 1207:Free will 1175:Arguments 996:Rastafari 935:Ahmadiyya 878:Mormonism 768:Australia 642:Slovakia 479:Sri Lanka 469:Singapore 404:Indonesia 127:Theocracy 17775:Politics 17550:Pandeism 17427:Divinity 17185:Atheists 17092:Religion 16704:Hindutva 16683:Gandhism 16562:Kahanism 16465:Khilafat 16446:Islamism 15989:Theonomy 15824:Humanism 15804:Thealogy 15666:Category 15648:The talk 15584:Snobbery 15502:Net bias 15332:Feminism 15259:Ugly law 15100:Catholic 15068:policies 14915:Mortgage 14910:Lynching 14841:examples 14836:Genocide 14756:Economic 14741:Democide 14701:Bullying 14618:Romanian 14583:Nigerian 14533:Japanese 14468:Georgian 14453:Filipino 14386:Assyrian 14359:Armenian 14349:American 14344:Albanian 14326:National 14310:Yazidism 14232:Hinduism 14190:Buddhism 14093:Nepotism 14088:Misogyny 14083:Misandry 14008:Cronyism 14003:Clannism 13998:Biphobia 13938:Adultism 13855:Language 13730:Religion 13251:Utah War 13121:(64–313) 13098:Violence 12988:Domicide 12940:Yazidism 12862:Hinduism 12820:Buddhism 12801:By group 12456:Fox News 12323:Die Welt 12200:Refworld 12181:Refworld 12162:Refworld 12143:Refworld 12113:8 August 11966:"Russia" 11530:HuffPost 11401:13 April 11395:Archived 11368:Newsweek 10997:53308958 10545:39088631 10384:63197837 10240:(2010). 9929:. SAGE. 9830:28585951 8573:Wee 2015 8393:Xie 2006 6904:Cold War 6792:Slovenia 6788:Slovakia 6756:Mongolia 6720:Ethiopia 6684:Cambodia 6680:Bulgaria 6085:See also 6037:religion 5931:Maximato 5895:Catholic 5762:Mongolia 5740:Catholic 5707:Cardinal 5473:Xinjiang 5454:Buddhism 5323:Buddhism 5194:Cambodia 5179:Bektashi 5175:religion 5097:fascists 5064:de facto 5058:In 1967 5026:Dagestan 4718:ideology 4708:Leninist 4351:de facto 4310:religion 4249:Bulgaria 4198:religion 4126:The talk 4062:Snobbery 3980:Net bias 3802:Feminism 3721:Ugly law 3564:Catholic 3530:Policies 3373:Mortgage 3368:Lynching 3299:examples 3294:Genocide 3214:Economic 3199:Democide 3159:Bullying 3068:Romanian 3033:Nigerian 2983:Japanese 2918:Georgian 2903:Filipino 2836:Assyrian 2809:Armenian 2799:American 2794:Albanian 2774:national 2752:Yazidism 2674:Hinduism 2632:Buddhism 2527:Nepotism 2522:Misogyny 2517:Misandry 2442:Cronyism 2437:Clannism 2432:Biphobia 2372:Adultism 2281:Language 2168:a series 2166:Part of 1899:Atheists 1625:a series 1623:Part of 1557:Category 1066:Concepts 910:Hinduism 844:Buddhism 647:Slovenia 567:Bulgaria 494:Thailand 454:Pakistan 434:Mongolia 429:Maldives 424:Malaysia 374:Cambodia 321:Paraguay 301:Colombia 269:Tanzania 239:DR Congo 214:Cameroon 199:Botswana 65:Concepts 17587:Ietsism 17481:Atheism 17466:Animism 17432:Goddess 17097:History 17080:Atheism 16768:Shuddhi 16631:Zionism 16618:Bundism 16540:Haredim 16480:Taliban 16358:Imamate 16205:In Utah 15676:Commons 15455:Figleaf 14880:Housing 14648:Turkish 14598:Pashtun 14568:Mexican 14548:Kurdish 14528:Italian 14478:Haitian 14463:Finnish 14438:Chinese 14433:Chechen 14428:Catalan 14418:Bengali 14339:African 14324:Ethnic/ 14283:Judaism 14274:Sunnism 14264:Shi'ism 14180:Atheism 14013:Elitism 13902:Species 13840:Genetic 13830:Dialect 13484:(1963) 13241:(1700s) 12956:Methods 12913:Judaism 12904:Sunnism 12894:Shi'ism 12810:Atheism 12612:3 March 12585:3 March 12397:cia.gov 12242:Reuters 12219:Reuters 12068:21 June 11744:cia.gov 11187:1902927 11129:3060414 11101:Bibcode 6812:Vietnam 6804:Ukraine 6780:Romania 6752:Moldova 6724:Hungary 6716:Estonia 6712:Eritrea 6704:Czechia 6692:Croatia 6668:Belarus 6660:Armenia 6652:Albania 6000:deistic 5899:Jalisco 5888:Jalisco 5793:Vietnam 5583:worship 5564:Baptist 5242:Pol Pot 5132:Shkodër 5124:Ramadan 5036:Albania 4992:Ukraine 4988:Georgia 4984:Moldova 4980:Belarus 4956:Armenia 4830:of the 4722:Marxism 4698:or the 4690:with a 4289:Vietnam 4265:Ukraine 4253:Estonia 4245:Belarus 4218:secular 3933:Figleaf 3338:Housing 3098:Turkish 3048:Pashtun 3018:Mexican 2998:Kurdish 2978:Italian 2928:Haitian 2913:Finnish 2888:Chinese 2883:Chechen 2878:Catalan 2868:Bengali 2789:African 2772:Ethnic/ 2725:Judaism 2716:Sunnism 2706:Shi'ism 2622:Atheism 2447:Elitism 2328:Species 2266:Genetic 2256:Dialect 1802:Aspects 1740:History 1728:Atheism 1545:Outline 1122:Society 1094:History 1058:Atheism 957:Judaism 940:Alevism 912: ( 834:Atheism 776:Topical 759:Oceania 715:Lebanon 680:Bahrain 657:Ukraine 627:Romania 602:Hungary 597:Germany 592:Georgia 572:Croatia 562:Belgium 557:Belarus 547:Austria 542:Armenia 537:Andorra 532:Albania 514:Vietnam 439:Myanmar 394:Georgia 349:Armenia 306:Ecuador 254:Morocco 234:Comoros 209:Burundi 184:Algeria 72:Laicism 17761:Portal 17710:Theism 17178:People 17154:Strong 15641:threat 15495:autism 15232:sexual 15222:racial 15105:Jewish 14962:Pogrom 14940:Chiefs 14930:Braves 14658:Uyghur 14633:Somali 14628:Slavic 14613:Romani 14608:Quebec 14603:Polish 14543:Korean 14538:Jewish 14511:Canada 14498:Indian 14483:Hazara 14458:Fulani 14369:France 14334:Afghan 14269:Sufism 13993:Audism 13921:Social 13850:Height 13713:(2024) 13702:(2023) 13696:(2020) 13690:(2019) 13684:(2019) 13642:(2011) 13624:(2002) 13618:(2001) 13612:(2000) 13606:(2000) 13598:(1999) 13592:(1995) 13574:(1990) 13566:(1989) 13554:(1984) 13530:(1971) 13522:(1966) 13516:(1966) 13502:(1963) 13496:(1963) 13490:(1963) 13478:(1955) 13466:(1950) 13442:(1948) 13418:(1947) 13412:(1946) 13406:(1946) 13400:(1946) 13370:(1933) 13358:(1924) 13277:(1909) 13265:(1864) 13259:(1860) 13175:(1191) 13157:(1099) 13151:(1096) 13112:Events 13048:Pogrom 12899:Sufism 12748: 12305:. 2012 12252:2 July 11270: 11185: 11177: 11127: 11119: 11080: 11053: 11024: 10995: 10987: 10979: 10952:128810 10950: 10942: 10913: 10905: 10876: 10847: 10839: 10793: 10749: 10730: 10705: 10686: 10676: 10655: 10634: 10615: 10605: 10586: 10562: 10543: 10533: 10512: 10491: 10470: 10449: 10422: 10401: 10382: 10372: 10351: 10326: 10305: 10284: 10252: 10228: 10218: 10180: 10157: 10138: 10128: 10103: 10082: 10061: 10040: 10019: 9998: 9975: 9954: 9933: 9912: 9891: 9868: 9847: 9828: 9818: 9795: 9774: 9755: 9745: 9726: 9707: 9697: 9664: 9645: 9635: 9494: 9440: 9413: 9376: 9280: 8099: 7979: 7539: 6784:Serbia 6776:Poland 6748:Mexico 6740:Latvia 6656:Angola 6065:asked 5972:, and 5911:Colima 5874:. His 5840:, and 5725:Bibles 5648:, and 5609:, and 5562:, and 5510:Franco 5479:, the 5319:Taoism 5283:, and 5209:temple 5077:Jesuit 5052:, and 4952:Russia 4860:Soviet 4810:, and 4676:, and 4655: 4642: 4629: 4616: 4603: 4590: 4577: 4564: 4551: 4538: 4525: 4512: 4499: 4486: 4473: 4460: 4447: 4434: 4421: 4408: 4395: 4375: 4362: 4344: 4331: 4287:, and 4263:, and 4261:Russia 4257:Latvia 4119:threat 3973:autism 3696:sexual 3686:racial 3569:Jewish 3420:Pogrom 3398:Chiefs 3388:Braves 3108:Uyghur 3083:Somali 3078:Slavic 3063:Romani 3058:Quebec 3053:Polish 2993:Korean 2988:Jewish 2961:Canada 2948:Indian 2933:Hazara 2908:Fulani 2819:France 2784:Afghan 2711:Sufism 2427:Audism 2353:Social 2276:Height 1890:People 1853:Strong 1287:People 710:Kuwait 705:Jordan 700:Israel 652:Turkey 637:Serbia 632:Russia 622:Norway 587:France 577:Cyprus 523:Europe 499:Turkey 484:Taiwan 464:Russia 384:Cyprus 369:Brunei 364:Bhutan 316:Panama 311:Guyana 296:Canada 291:Brazil 189:Angola 175:Africa 45: 39: 30:Mexico 17535:Deism 17422:Deity 17205:Books 17102:State 16882:Other 15619:white 14972:Purge 14638:Tatar 14563:Māori 14558:Malay 14523:Irish 14473:Greek 14448:Croat 14406:China 14364:Asian 14249:Islam 14123:White 13860:Looks 13825:Class 13820:Caste 13777:Forms 13145:(732) 12879:Islam 12651:(PDF) 12644:(PDF) 12606:(PDF) 12599:(PDF) 12579:(PDF) 12419:(PDF) 12408:(PDF) 12302:Focus 12081:(PDF) 12047:(PDF) 12040:(PDF) 12029:(PDF) 11877:(PDF) 11866:(PDF) 11594:(PDF) 11488:(PDF) 11183:JSTOR 11125:JSTOR 11022:S2CID 10993:S2CID 10948:JSTOR 10911:S2CID 10874:S2CID 10845:S2CID 10580:(PDF) 9680:(PDF) 7490:2 May 6816:Yemen 6696:Congo 6688:China 6672:Benin 6152:Notes 5695:Juche 5661:Juche 5642:Juche 5469:Tibet 5458:Islam 5433:Imams 5361:China 5267:China 5257:Islam 5171:Islam 4702:of a 4688:state 4686:is a 4281:China 4202:state 4184:into 4097:white 3430:Purge 3088:Tatar 3013:Māori 3008:Malay 2973:Irish 2923:Greek 2898:Croat 2856:China 2814:Asian 2691:Islam 2557:White 2286:Looks 2251:Class 2246:Caste 2193:Forms 1924:Books 1793:State 1420:Books 945:Sufis 930:Shi'a 925:Sunni 920:Islam 750:Yemen 740:Syria 730:Qatar 685:Egypt 607:Italy 444:Nepal 409:Japan 399:India 379:China 278:North 264:Sudan 244:Egypt 194:Benin 17437:List 17159:Weak 15614:male 15413:Bias 14858:LGBT 14643:Thai 14623:Serb 14493:Igbo 14354:Arab 14128:Male 13907:Size 13887:Rank 12792:and 12746:ISBN 12614:2009 12587:2009 12289:2017 12254:2017 12115:2015 12070:2013 11885:2009 11664:2017 11563:2017 11554:Time 11403:2024 11376:2017 11268:ISSN 11227:(5). 11175:ISSN 11117:ISSN 11078:ISBN 11051:ISSN 10985:OCLC 10977:ISSN 10940:ISSN 10903:ISSN 10837:ISSN 10812:2002 10791:ISSN 10747:ISBN 10728:ISBN 10703:ISBN 10684:OCLC 10674:ISBN 10653:ISBN 10632:ISBN 10613:OCLC 10603:ISBN 10584:OCLC 10560:ISBN 10541:OCLC 10531:ISBN 10510:ISBN 10489:ISBN 10468:ISBN 10447:ISBN 10420:ISBN 10399:ISBN 10380:OCLC 10370:ISBN 10349:ISBN 10324:ISBN 10303:ISBN 10282:ISBN 10250:ISBN 10226:OCLC 10216:ISBN 10178:ISBN 10155:ISBN 10136:OCLC 10126:ISBN 10101:ISBN 10080:ISBN 10059:ISBN 10038:ISBN 10017:ISBN 9996:ISBN 9973:ISBN 9952:ISBN 9931:ISBN 9910:ISBN 9889:ISBN 9866:ISBN 9845:ISBN 9826:OCLC 9816:ISBN 9793:ISBN 9772:ISBN 9753:OCLC 9743:ISBN 9724:ISBN 9705:OCLC 9695:ISBN 9662:ISBN 9643:OCLC 9633:ISBN 9492:ISBN 9438:ISBN 9411:ISBN 9374:ISBN 9278:ISBN 8097:ISBN 7977:ISBN 7537:ISBN 7492:2016 7124:(9). 6736:Laos 6700:Cuba 5913:and 5772:The 5654:The 5487:Cuba 5471:and 5460:and 5407:and 5379:and 5321:and 5313:and 5223:The 5217:and 5122:and 5120:Lent 5079:and 4994:and 4944:USSR 4854:, a 4828:gods 4295:Cuba 4271:and 4092:male 3891:Bias 3316:LGBT 3093:Thai 3073:Serb 2943:Igbo 2804:Arab 2562:Male 2333:Size 2313:Rank 1858:Weak 720:Oman 695:Iraq 690:Iran 419:Laos 335:Asia 280:and 229:Chad 17412:God 17107:New 15217:age 13892:Sex 13815:Age 13103:War 11204:doi 11167:doi 11146:doi 11109:doi 11097:165 11070:doi 11043:doi 11014:doi 10969:doi 10932:doi 10895:doi 10866:doi 10829:doi 10825:483 10783:doi 10443:392 9407:343 9385:... 5684:of 5617:GDR 5104:APL 4870:). 4710:or 4180:or 4172:or 3681:age 2318:Sex 2241:Age 1788:New 745:UAE 17787:: 12752:). 12728:. 12692:. 12668:. 12624:. 12546:. 12528:. 12478:. 12453:. 12437:. 12395:. 12360:. 12320:. 12299:. 12280:. 12240:. 12217:. 12198:. 12179:. 12160:. 12141:. 12010:. 11998:. 11980:. 11968:. 11930:. 11914:. 11895:. 11868:. 11846:. 11828:. 11810:. 11792:. 11742:. 11686:. 11674:. 11627:. 11596:. 11574:. 11551:. 11527:. 11498:. 11459:. 11440:. 11423:. 11393:. 11387:. 11365:. 11352:. 11339:. 11327:. 11312:. 11288:. 11266:. 11262:. 11242:11 11240:. 11236:. 11223:. 11219:. 11198:. 11181:. 11173:. 11163:45 11161:. 11142:75 11140:. 11123:. 11115:. 11107:. 11095:. 11076:. 11049:. 11039:37 11037:. 11020:. 11010:26 11008:. 10991:. 10983:. 10975:. 10965:43 10963:. 10946:. 10938:. 10928:39 10926:. 10909:. 10901:. 10891:22 10889:. 10872:. 10862:26 10860:. 10843:. 10835:. 10823:. 10810:. 10806:. 10789:. 10779:44 10777:. 10773:. 10726:. 10682:. 10611:. 10539:. 10445:. 10378:. 10347:. 10343:. 10224:. 10134:. 10118:. 9887:. 9883:. 9824:. 9751:. 9703:. 9641:. 9592:, 9577:, 9563:^ 9555:, 9540:, 9525:, 9409:. 9382:. 9325:, 9307:^ 9299:, 9240:, 9225:, 9200:^ 9192:, 9180:^ 9169:, 9142:^ 9134:, 9046:, 9030:, 9015:, 9000:, 8990:^ 8982:, 8970:^ 8962:, 8947:, 8937:^ 8928:, 8913:, 8894:, 8879:, 8864:, 8848:, 8795:, 8780:, 8765:, 8750:, 8735:, 8720:, 8705:, 8690:, 8675:, 8645:, 8622:. 8605:, 8590:, 8575:, 8560:, 8545:, 8530:, 8515:, 8500:, 8458:, 8448:^ 8440:, 8425:, 8361:, 8331:, 8316:, 8301:, 8259:^ 8250:, 8232:, 8222:^ 8214:, 8199:, 8184:, 8169:, 8154:, 8139:, 8129:^ 8121:, 8111:^ 8081:- 8077:, 8062:, 8047:, 8032:, 8010:^ 7913:, 7898:, 7868:, 7853:, 7838:, 7823:, 7808:, 7793:, 7778:, 7763:, 7748:, 7733:, 7718:, 7662:, 7601:, 7587:^ 7569:^ 7551:^ 7535:. 7515:^ 7500:^ 7482:. 7471:^ 7445:, 7430:, 7418:^ 7396:^ 7340:, 7322:- 7305:, 7289:, 7274:, 7264:^ 7233:. 7209:. 7185:. 7120:. 7095:. 7071:. 7037:^ 7028:, 7026:44 7010:^ 7001:, 6999:43 6983:^ 6964:^ 6943:^ 6886:^ 6849:^ 6826:^ 6814:; 6810:; 6806:; 6802:; 6798:; 6794:; 6790:; 6786:; 6782:; 6778:; 6774:; 6770:; 6766:; 6762:; 6758:; 6754:; 6750:; 6746:; 6742:; 6738:; 6734:; 6730:; 6726:; 6722:; 6718:; 6714:; 6710:; 6706:; 6702:; 6698:; 6694:; 6690:; 6686:; 6682:; 6678:; 6674:; 6670:; 6666:; 6662:; 6658:; 6654:; 6634:, 6608:^ 6552:^ 6532:- 6528:, 6502:^ 6494:, 6482:- 6478:, 6453:^ 6444:, 6434:^ 6416:^ 6411:- 6407:, 6397:^ 6392:- 6388:, 6373:, 6363:^ 6340:^ 6332:, 6299:^ 6273:^ 6211:^ 6203:, 6184:, 6174:^ 5968:, 5909:, 5905:, 5901:, 5836:, 5832:, 5727:. 5719:, 5644:, 5640:, 5636:, 5632:, 5605:, 5601:, 5597:, 5558:, 5546:. 5534:. 5375:, 5371:, 5367:, 5337:. 5317:, 5297:, 5279:, 5275:, 5248:. 5099:. 5048:, 5044:, 4990:, 4986:, 4982:, 4978:, 4974:, 4970:, 4966:, 4962:, 4958:, 4954:, 4806:, 4802:, 4798:, 4794:, 4790:, 4786:, 4756:. 4682:A 4672:, 4283:, 4259:, 4255:, 4251:, 4247:, 4220:. 2170:on 2112:}} 1627:on 36:. 17763:: 17404:e 17397:t 17390:v 16986:e 16979:t 16972:v 15710:e 15703:t 15696:v 13762:e 13755:t 13748:v 12782:e 12775:t 12768:v 12732:. 12707:. 12672:. 12660:. 12634:. 12616:. 12589:. 12557:. 12538:. 12512:. 12493:. 12470:. 12375:. 12352:. 12337:. 12312:. 12291:. 12271:. 12256:. 12232:. 12208:. 12189:. 12170:. 12151:. 12132:. 12117:. 12102:. 12072:. 12056:. 12020:. 12002:. 11990:. 11960:. 11941:. 11906:. 11887:. 11856:. 11838:. 11820:. 11802:. 11784:. 11765:. 11734:. 11715:. 11696:. 11666:. 11650:. 11619:. 11585:. 11565:. 11542:. 11533:. 11518:. 11509:. 11490:. 11478:. 11469:. 11450:. 11405:. 11378:. 11356:. 11331:. 11318:. 11303:. 11280:. 11225:3 11210:. 11206:: 11200:3 11189:. 11169:: 11152:. 11148:: 11131:. 11111:: 11103:: 11086:. 11072:: 11057:. 11045:: 11028:. 11016:: 10999:. 10971:: 10954:. 10934:: 10917:. 10897:: 10880:. 10868:: 10851:. 10831:: 10797:. 10785:: 10755:. 10736:. 10711:. 10690:. 10661:. 10640:. 10619:. 10590:. 10568:. 10547:. 10518:. 10497:. 10476:. 10455:. 10428:. 10407:. 10386:. 10357:. 10332:. 10311:. 10290:. 10258:. 10232:. 10203:. 10186:. 10163:. 10142:. 10109:. 10088:. 10067:. 10046:. 10025:. 10004:. 9981:. 9960:. 9939:. 9918:. 9897:. 9874:. 9853:. 9832:. 9801:. 9780:. 9759:. 9732:. 9711:. 9682:. 9670:. 9649:. 9500:. 9446:. 9419:. 9286:. 9063:. 8632:. 8105:. 7985:. 7958:. 7944:. 7563:3 7545:. 7533:4 7494:. 7243:. 7219:. 7195:. 7106:. 7081:. 6650:; 4834:. 4353:) 4349:( 4200:- 4158:e 4151:t 4144:v 2152:e 2145:t 2138:v 1609:e 1602:t 1595:v 1038:e 1031:t 1024:v 916:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index