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Stamp act

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1590:
rights were violated since only their own colonial legislatures could levy taxes. The colonies sent no representatives to Parliament, and therefore had no influence over what taxes were raised, how they were levied, or how they would be spent. Some opponents of the Stamp Act distinguished between "internal" taxes like the stamp duty, which they claimed Parliament had no right to impose, and revenue legitimately raised through the regulation on trade. In general, however, most colonists considered the Act to be a violation of their rights as Englishmen to be taxed without their consent – consent that only the colonial legislatures could grant because Americans were unrepresented in Parliament. The rallying cry of "
1314: 1186: 1080: 992: 856: 750: 645: 540: 409: 290: 162: 1724:. In 1862, the United States (Union) government began taxing a variety of goods, services, and legal dealings, in an effort to raise revenue for the great costs of the war. To confirm that taxes were paid a "revenue stamp" was purchased and appropriately affixed to the taxable item. This excise tax continued until the federal government finished paying the war debt in 1883, at which time the tax was repealed. 874:
Duties on Hides and Skins, a Yearly Fund of One Hundred Eighty-six Thousand Six Hundred and Seventy Pounds, for Thirty-two Years, to be applied to the Satisfaction of such Orders as are therein mentioned, to the Contributors of any Sum, not exceeding Two Millions, to be raised for carrying on the War, and other Her Majesty's Occasions.
1622:
often turned violent and destructive as the masses became involved. A word used frequently by colonists was "liberty" during the Stamp Act upheaval. Opponents of the new tax staged mock funerals in which "liberty's" coffin was carried to a burial ground. They insisted that liberty could not be "taken
1516:
As part of domestic taxation, the PRC includes a stamp tax as one of the "behavioural taxes". Foreign investors are also subject to a stamp tax. Stamp taxes in China are governed by "Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning Stamp Tax Detailed Rules for Its Implementation",
873:
An Act for licensing and regulating Hackney Coaches and Chairs; and for charging certain new Duties on Stamped Vellum, Parchment, and Paper, and on Cards and Dice, and on the Exportation of Rock Salt for Ireland; and for securing thereby, and by a Weekly Payment out of the Post-office, and by several
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on March 22nd 1765 to create a new tax on publishers, particularly of newspapers. The initial assessed rate of tax was one penny per whole newspaper sheet, a halfpenny for a half sheet, and one shilling per advertisement contained within. Other than newspapers, it required that all pamphlets, legal
957:
on a number of different legal documents including insurance policies, documents used as evidence in courts, grants of honour, grants of probate and letters of administration. It raised around £50,000 a year and although it was initially a temporary measure, it proved so successful that its use was
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The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops stationed in North America. The British government felt that the colonies were the primary beneficiaries of this military presence, and the colonial population should pay at least a portion of the expense. The colonists claimed their constitutional
1442:). These were issued for denominations of £1 and 10's to enable coins to be removed from circulation and were not convertible to gold. Existing Bank of England banknotes in higher denominations continued to circulate alongside the Treasury Notes. In 1963 production of postage stamps passed to the 1646:
in 1754 had been held at the urging of royal officials as a forum for voicing constitutional concerns and afforded the more conservative critics of British policy some hope of regaining control of events from the unruly mobs in the streets of many cities; in contrast, the Stamp Act Congress was
767:
An Act for making good Deficiencies, and satisfying the Public Debts; and for erecting a Corporation to carry on a Trade to The South Seas; and for the Encouragement of the Fishery; and for Liberty to trade in unwrought Iron with the Subjects of Spain; and to repeal the Acts for registering
1586:. These printed materials were on every legal document, magazine, and newspaper, plus many other types of paper used throughout the colonies, including playing cards. Unlike previous taxes, the stamp tax had to be paid in valid British currency, not in colonial paper money. 1663:, which argued that colonial taxation could only be carried on by their own assemblies. The delegates singled out the Stamp Act and the use of the vice-admiralty courts for special criticism, yet ended their statement with a pledge of loyalty to the King. 82:
in 1624 after a public competition to find a new form of tax. Stamp acts have been enforced in many countries, including Australia, Canada, People's Republic of China, Ireland, India, Malaysia, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.
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is any legislation that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. Those who pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents, making them legal documents. A variety of products have been covered by stamp acts including
1666:
Opposition to the Stamp Act was not limited to the colonies. In Canada, Nova Scotia largely ignored the Act; they allowed ships bearing unstamped papers to enter its ports, and business continued unabated after the distributors ran out of stamps.
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Israel used to have a stamp duty on signed documents, which was regulated by the 1961 "Stamp Tax on Documents" (Law 5731-1961), the 1965 "Stamp Tax on Documents Regulations", and subsequent Additions. The stamp duty was repealed as of 2006.
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The Stamp Act met great resistance in the colonies. Colonial assemblies sent petitions and protests. Local protest groups, led by colonial merchants and landowners, established connections through correspondence – the so-called
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documents, commercial bills, advertisements, and other papers be issued the tax. The act was increased in 1797 with greater taxes and wider spectrum of materials affected, reached its height around 1815 during the "
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An Act for explaineing and regulateing several Doubts Duties and Penalties in the late Act for granting several Duties upon Velum Parchment and Paper and for ascertaineing the Admeasurement of the Tunnage of
1634:. Otis, the radical leader in Massachusetts, convinced the Massachusetts assembly to send a circular letter to the other colonies, which called for an inter-colonial meeting to plan tempered resistance. The 1247: 662:
An Act for laying certain Duties upon Candles, and certain Rates upon Monies to be given with Clerks and Apprentices, towards raising Her Majesty's Supply, for the Year One Thousand Seven Hundred and Ten.
1750:
Revenue stamps were issued at irregular intervals for alcohol products, tobacco products, matches, proprietary medicines, and perfumes. Revenue stamps were finally discontinued on December 31, 1967.
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The stamp tax was a tax on each newspaper and thus hit cheaper papers and popular readership harder than wealthy consumers, because it formed a higher proportion of the purchase price. The act had a
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there was also vocal opposition, and much evasion of the stamps. British merchants and manufacturers, whose exports to the colonies were threatened by colonial boycotts, also pressured Parliament.
1675:
forbidding any sort of duties on the importation of goods related to its fisheries. The Caribbean colonies also protested. Political opposition was expressed in a number of colonies, including
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strictly a colonial affair, reflecting the first significant joint colonial response to any British measure. Delegates to the Stamp Act Congress approved a fourteen-point
1731:. Tax was levied on a wide range of goods and services including alcohol, tobacco, tea, and other amusements and also on various legal and business transactions such as 2028: 1796:
Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia, Containing Authoritative Statistics for the period 1901-1907 and Corrected Statistics for the period 1788 to 1900
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All the above Acts were superseded by the Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 and the Stamp Act 1891, which still constitute the bulk of UK law on stamp duties today.
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convened in New York City on October 7, 1765, with nine colonies in attendance; others would likely have participated if earlier notice had been provided. The
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An Act for altering the Stamp Duties upon Admissions into Corporations or Companies; and for further securing and improving the Stamp Duties in Great Britain.
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in 1878, 1882, 1886, 1890, and 1894, with amendments from 1892 to 1907. According to these acts, stamps were required on many types of business transactions:
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An Act to consolidate the Enactments granting and relating to the Stamp Duties upon Instruments and certain other enactments relating to Stamp Duties.
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An Act for granting to theire Majesties severall Dutyes upon Velum Parchment and Paper for Four Yeares towards carryyng on the warr against France.
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Stamp Tax on Documents: Law 5731-1961, a full text English translation incorporating all changes up to and including September 1, 2003
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at approved government offices following payment of the duty, although methods involving annual payment of a fixed sum or purchase of
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in 1994 to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the introduction of UK Stamp Duty. The Stamp Office was also awarded the
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on publishers; the tax is blamed for the decline of English literature critical of the government during the period, notably with
1840: 129:, the Stamp Duties Act 1923 was first enacted in 1923, then revised or amended almost yearly until its current version of 2017. 1336: 1208: 1092: 1014: 879: 773: 667: 562: 431: 313: 184: 1811: 2065: 1872: 1924: 1715: 99: 1974: 426:
An Act for granting to His Majesty His Heires & Successors further Duties upon Stampt Vellum Parchment. & Paper.
125:, duties of this type were overhauled in the Western Australian Stamp Act 1921, which took effect on 1 January 2010. In 1747:. To pay these tax duties revenue tax stamps were purchased and affixed to the taxable item or respective certificate. 1591: 1984: 1652: 1598:. The Americans saw no need for the troops or the taxes; the British saw colonial defiance of their lawful rulers. 1318: 1190: 2116: 2094: 1778: 1117: 919: 821: 715: 610: 479: 367: 248: 2267: 2335: 1603: 1281: 1571: 1084: 996: 860: 754: 649: 1461:
which until then had been transactions where no document was used and therefore exempt from Stamp Duty.
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The Manufacturers of Literature: Writing and the Literary Marketplace in Eighteenth-Century England
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Birth of a Market: The U.S. Treasury Securities Market From the Great War to the Great Depression
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An Act for preventing Frauds in Her Majesty's Duties upon stampt Vellum, Parchment, and Paper.
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This article is about the general topic. For the tax on newspapers in the United Kingdom, see
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ending the same year of the tax's enactment. Its repeal in 1855 allowed a cheap press again.
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experienced some protests and petitions based on legislation dating back to the reign of
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Robert Harley and the Press: Propaganda and Public Opinion in the Age of Swift and Defoe
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O'Shaughnessy, Andrew J. (Apr 1994). "The Stamp Act Crisis in the British Caribbean".
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Creating a Good Impression: three hundred years of The Stamp Office and stamp duties.
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Ivester, Hermann (December 2009). "The Stamp Act of 1765 - A Serendipitous Find".
1683:, and by absentee landowners living in Britain. The worst violence took place on 2192: 2138: 2055: 1819: 1794: 1703: 1643: 1627: 1619: 1575: 1457:. From October 27, 1986, the charge was imposed on 'closing' transactions at the 1375: 126: 107: 44: 2528: 1949: 1736: 1615: 1559: 1539: 1137: 1133: 967: 111: 24: 20: 1578:. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on 2557: 1766: 1583: 1579: 1412:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
1284:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
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implemented in 1988. In 1997, stamp taxes produced revenue of 26.63 billion
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of Pennsylvania. The statement echoed the recent resolves of the Virginia
944:, Parchment and Paper for four years, towards carrying on the war against 1642:
was another step in the process of attempted common problem-solving. The
1618:
were attacked. Protests and demonstrations initiated by the newly formed
1610:. Opposition to the tax also took the form of violence and intimidation. 1558:– a small Stamp Act was enacted that covered all sorts of documents. The 1203:
An Act to consolidate the Law relating to the Management of Stamp Duties.
79: 2268:"This Day in History: March 18, 1766 – Parliament repeals the Stamp Act" 2157:
Taxation and Investment in Israel 2012: Reach, relevance and reliability
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American Revolutionary War § Background and political developments
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In 1898, revenue stamps were again issued, to provide funding for the
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was first introduced in England in 1694 following the Dutch model as
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Kerr, Wilfred B. (September 1933). "The Stamp Act in Nova Scotia".
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Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Melbourne (1908).
23:. For the tax on printed material in the Thirteen Colonies, see 2092: 1112: 945: 941: 914: 884: 816: 778: 710: 672: 605: 474: 362: 243: 48: 1720:"Revenue stamps" were revived in the United States during the 1888:
Thomas, Joseph M. (1916). "Swift and the Stamp Act of 1712".
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and Antigua also succeeded in avoiding the use of stamps. In
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Building Community: Medieval Technology and American History
1594:" reflected an increasingly major grievance that led to the 40: 2479: 2477: 2475: 1950:"BBC News - The key moments that shaped the British press" 1480:'s Advisory Committee as a reward for its public service. 940:
An act for granting to Their Majesties several duties on
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Sea Insurance (Stamping of Policies) Amendment Act 1876
1632:
The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved
1550:
After Great Britain was victorious over France in the
1483:
Stamp duties are the oldest taxes still raised by the
1979:. Vol. II: Dr. Swift. Harvard University Press. 1626:
A more reasoned approach was taken by some elements.
2521: 1706:maintained Parliament's right to tax the colonies. 1430:From 1914 to 1928, the Director of Stamping at the 1162:
Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 and Stamp Act 1891
1145:" struggle, reduced in 1836, and repealed in 1855. 953:c. 21). The duty ranged between 1 penny to several 2517:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. p. 29. 2296: 2088: 2086: 2084: 1812:"Changes to the Western Australian Stamp Act 1921" 2443: 1702:The act was repealed in early 1766, although the 78:This system of taxation was first devised in the 2555: 2359:Give Me Liberty! An American History, Volume One 2121:, Haifa: Aryeh Greenfield-A.G., September 2003, 1861:The American Revolution in the Southern Colonies 1691:, with rioting and blockage of stamp delivery. 2206: 2204: 2202: 2081: 2163:, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, p. 14 2093:Department of Customs & VAT (5 May 2004). 1848:, Government of South Australia, 15 March 2017 1788: 1786: 86:The taxes raised under a stamp act are called 2029:"A brief timeline of UK newspaper publishing" 1505: 1438:(a type of banknote, not to be confused with 2239:The Stamp Act Crisis: Prologue to Revolution 2237:Morgan, Edmund S.; Morgan, Helen M. (1995). 2236: 2199: 2060:. University of Delaware Press. p. 44. 1582:produced in London and carrying an embossed 1282:Text of the Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 1248:Administration of Estates (Probate) Act 1800 2047: 1896:(2). Modern Language Association: 247–263. 1783: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2241:. The University of North Carolina Press. 1969: 1881: 1425: 2319: 1651:as a petition to the Parliament and the 2569:Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain 2512: 2418:A History of the Island of Newfoundland 2414: 2325: 2253: 2182: 2053: 1858: 2556: 2218:. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation 1976:Swift: The Man, His Works, And The Age 1922: 1887: 1760: 16:Legislation placing a tax on documents 2533:Arago: People, Postage & the Post 2489:Arago: People, Postage & the Post 2356: 1809: 1554:– which manifested in America as the 1403:Text of statute as originally enacted 1275:Text of statute as originally enacted 513:Text of statute as originally enacted 441:(Ruffhead: 9 & 10 Will. 3. c. 25) 382:Text of statute as originally enacted 263:Text of statute as originally enacted 133:England and United Kingdom Stamp Acts 2379: 2294: 2173:Morgan and Morgan (1995), pp. 96-97. 1649:Declaration of Rights and Grievances 1630:wrote the most influential protest, 1564:Duties in American Colonies Act 1765 98:Stamps acts were enacted in various 1716:Revenue stamps of the United States 1533: 13: 2421:. London: self-published. p.  2299:The American Revolution: A History 2276:. A&E Television Networks, LLC 1592:No Taxation without Representation 137: 14: 2585: 2212:"A Summary of the 1765 Stamp Act" 2095:"Notice to the Public: Stamp Tax" 1464:A public display of Stamp Office 961: 1528: 1319:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1312: 1258:Stamp Duties Management Act 1870 1191:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1184: 1173:Stamp Duties Management Act 1891 1078: 990: 854: 748: 643: 538: 407: 288: 160: 2506: 2437: 2415:Anspach, Lewis Amadeus (1819). 2408: 2373: 2350: 2288: 2230: 2176: 2167: 2148: 2109: 2021: 1999: 75:are more practical and common. 1963: 1942: 1916: 1852: 1833: 1803: 1521:and comprised 3.6% of China's 1118:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 1102:(Ruffhead: 12 Ann. St. 2 c. 9) 920:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 822:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 716:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 611:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 480:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 368:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 249:Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870 1: 2338:, Center for Medieval Studies 2336:Pennsylvania State University 1810:Leuii, Janina (19 May 2010). 1753: 1381:Canadian Stock Stamp Act 1874 2513:Garbade, Kenneth D. (2012). 2328:"Colonial American Timeline" 1931:. Cambridge University Press 1604:Committees of Correspondence 1468:and records was held at the 93: 7: 1925:"7 - The Stamp Act of 1712" 1859:Russell, David Lee (2000). 1085:Parliament of Great Britain 997:Parliament of Great Britain 861:Parliament of Great Britain 755:Parliament of Great Britain 650:Parliament of Great Britain 277:Stamps (Amendment) Act 1694 238:Stamps (Amendment) Act 1694 67:. The items may have to be 10: 2590: 2446:William and Mary Quarterly 2303:. Modern Library. p.  1713: 1709: 1543: 1537: 1509: 1506:People's Republic of China 1494: 1434:oversaw the production of 1410:Text of the Stamp Act 1891 1294:United Kingdom legislation 1166:United Kingdom legislation 1060:United Kingdom legislation 972:United Kingdom legislation 965: 951:5 & 6 Will. & Mar. 836:United Kingdom legislation 730:United Kingdom legislation 625:United Kingdom legislation 520:United Kingdom legislation 389:United Kingdom legislation 319:6 & 7 Will. & Mar. 270:United Kingdom legislation 190:5 & 6 Will. & Mar. 142:United Kingdom legislation 18: 1566:; 5 Geo. 3. c. 12) was a 1490: 1408: 1401: 1394: 1368: 1363: 1353: 1348: 1335: 1325: 1311: 1306: 1299: 1280: 1273: 1266: 1240: 1235: 1225: 1220: 1207: 1197: 1183: 1178: 1171: 1136:was an act passed in the 1123: 1111: 1106: 1091: 1077: 1072: 1065: 1051: 1043: 1033: 1028: 1013: 1003: 989: 984: 977: 925: 913: 908: 898: 893: 878: 867: 853: 848: 841: 827: 815: 810: 802: 792: 787: 772: 761: 747: 742: 735: 721: 709: 704: 696: 686: 681: 666: 656: 642: 637: 630: 616: 604: 599: 591: 581: 576: 561: 551: 537: 532: 525: 511: 504: 485: 473: 468: 460: 450: 445: 430: 420: 406: 401: 394: 380: 373: 361: 353: 348: 340: 330: 325: 312: 301: 287: 282: 275: 261: 254: 242: 234: 229: 221: 211: 201: 196: 183: 173: 159: 154: 147: 2485:"5000-dollar Washington" 2295:Wood, Gordon S. (2002). 2054:Justice, George (2002). 1655:, formulated largely by 496:Bank of England Act 1696 2326:Weinsteiger, Brigitte. 2033:Making the Modern World 1952:. Bbc.co.uk. 2012-11-17 1865:McFarland & Company 1623:away without consent." 1426:The modern UK Stamp Act 843:Stamps (No. 2) Act 1710 2537:National Postal Museum 2493:National Postal Museum 1923:Downie, J. A. (1979). 1773:London: HMSO, p. 100. 1523:gross domestic product 1485:HM Revenue and Customs 1455:Stamp Duty Reserve Tax 104:negotiable instruments 2382:New England Quarterly 2097:. The State of Israel 1842:Stamp Duties Act 1923 1556:French and Indian War 1459:London Stock Exchange 1253:Stamp Duties Act 1850 545:Parliament of England 414:Parliament of England 295:Parliament of England 167:Parliament of England 2357:Foner, Eric (2008). 2035:. The Science Museum 1729:Spanish–American War 2185:The Revenue Journal 1596:American Revolution 1574:on the colonies of 1470:Courtauld Institute 1444:General Post Office 1733:stock certificates 1722:American Civil War 1661:House of Burgesses 1640:Stamp Act Congress 1636:Stamp Act Congress 1572:British Parliament 1497:Taxation in Israel 1414:legislation.gov.uk 1286:legislation.gov.uk 1143:taxes on knowledge 69:physically stamped 2067:978-0-87413-750-7 1971:Ehrenpreis, Irvin 1874:978-0-7864-0783-5 1512:Taxation in China 1440:US Treasury notes 1420: 1419: 1364:Other legislation 1342:54 & 55 Vict. 1307:Act of Parliament 1292: 1291: 1236:Other legislation 1214:54 & 55 Vict. 1179:Act of Parliament 1130: 1129: 1107:Other legislation 1073:Act of Parliament 1058: 1057: 1024:(Ruffhead: c. 19) 985:Act of Parliament 932: 931: 909:Other legislation 849:Act of Parliament 834: 833: 811:Other legislation 743:Act of Parliament 728: 727: 705:Other legislation 638:Act of Parliament 623: 622: 600:Other legislation 572:(Ruffhead: c. 22) 533:Act of Parliament 518: 517: 469:Other legislation 402:Act of Parliament 387: 386: 349:Other legislation 283:Act of Parliament 268: 267: 230:Other legislation 155:Act of Parliament 123:Western Australia 100:Australian states 61:marriage licenses 2581: 2548: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2529:"General Issues" 2525: 2519: 2518: 2510: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2481: 2470: 2469: 2441: 2435: 2434: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2302: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2264: 2251: 2250: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2208: 2197: 2196: 2180: 2174: 2171: 2165: 2164: 2162: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2090: 2079: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2051: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2040: 2025: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2009:. 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Index

Stamp Act 1712
Stamp Act 1765
playing cards
dice
patent medicines
cheques
mortgages
contracts
marriage licenses
newspapers
physically stamped
adhesive stamps
Netherlands
stamp duty
Australian states
negotiable instruments
promissory notes
bills of lading
receipts
Western Australia
South Australia
Parliament of England
Long title
Citation
5 & 6 Will. & Mar.
Royal assent
Commencement
Repealed by
Inland Revenue Repeal Act 1870
Text of statute as originally enacted

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