Matiu / Somes Island

1529: 385: 1178: 1281: 1546:, marking a safe approach through the harbour channel. The first lighthouse on the site was established in 1866. It was the first inner harbour lighthouse in New Zealand, and one of only eight lighthouses nationwide at that time. However, by 1895 there were multiple complaints that it was inadequate. A replacement lighthouse with a more powerful light was built on an adjacent site and commissioned on 21 February 1900. The light was automated on 1 April 1924 and converted to electricity after 1945. The lighthouse is owned and operated by the Greater Wellington Regional Council. 1085:, but in September 1944 this was needed for Polish refugee children so the prisoners were sent back to Matiu / Somes Island (apart from the Italians who had been allowed to return to their families after Italy signed an armistice in March 1944). At the end of the war the remaining internees were released and some were permitted to stay in New Zealand if they wished. In 1995, Club Garibaldi, a Wellington social club for people of Italian origin, erected a monument listing 38 Italians who had been interned on the island during the war. 1301: 369:) that holds the artesian water underground and causes it to build up pressure as it flows through the gravel layer southwards towards Wellington Harbour. The pressurised water can rise to the surface if the fresh water layer is penetrated with a bore hole. There are also artesian gravels beneath much of Wellington Harbour, in some places hundreds of metres deep, and they extend out to the present harbour entrance. The water level in the harbour was much lower 20,000 years ago, and the ancient Hutt River used to flow down a 267: 1290: 926: 995: 56: 1131: 965:, but the quarantine station fell out of use after this. In 1935 the Government announced that it would reduce the number of quarantine beds on the island from 600 to about 50, but the Ministry of Health continued to restrict access to the island. In 1946, after World War II had ended, the island was offered back to the Ministry of Health but it declined to retake control. 1021:. Other "enemy aliens" included German residents of New Zealand who were considered dangerous or who were reservists in the German or Austrian armies, sailors who had been at sea when war broke out, and Germans from Samoa. A 12-man Bavarian Band who had been touring New Zealand in 1914 were interned on the island for five years; there they entertained other internees. 338: 982:

industry, and in 1893 passed the Stock Act. The Stock Act 1893 gave the Department of Agriculture power to quarantine all live animals arriving in the country, so it built permanent animal quarantine facilities on Matiu / Somes Island (in 1893) and at other locations for this purpose. In 1916, internees on the island built stables for the quarantine station.

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squashed with deformation fractures along tube length (20–70 mm long); up to 5 mm wide; original shell composed of agglutinated mineral grains; originally sticking upright in soft seafloor in deep water and filter feeding on plankton and suspended organic matter; the most common fossil found in greywacke.

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An inquiry was held towards the end of the war into numerous accusations of mistreatment of alien internees on the island. Although in general the inquiry report found an absence of evidence to support charges of ill-treatment, it did make some recommendations to improve conditions for internees, and

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metres above the current mean sea level. The origin of these benches is uncertain. Similar levels are found on various ridges around the harbour, and the flat top of Makaro / Ward Island corresponds to the 30 metre level. They are likely to be interglacial wave cut benches that have been uplifted. No

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that had been planted for shelter. Native wildlife on the island was severely affected by the loss of habitat. In 1977, the Ministry of Works presented a landscaping plan to the Animal Health Division of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. The purpose of the plan was to provide screening and

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In 1872, the island had few trees or shrubs. Sheep were grazed and quarantined on the island from 1851 onwards. During its time as a farm and quarantine station, much of Matiu / Somes Island was converted to pasture. The effects of grazing over a period of 125 years meant that by 1976 the island was

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Belongs to the order Foraminiferida; found in Torlesse Supergroup, Rakaia Terrane (North Otago, inland Canterbury, Wellington) and Taringatura Group (Southland); age range: Late Triassic (237–201 Ma); slender, tapering, slightly curved, cylindrical tube fossils; pale grey to white; smooth; commonly

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sourced from Kapiti Island were released in April 2006. They bred for the first time in late September that year and this appeared to indicate that the island ecosystem was a suitable habitat for this species. However, the robins did not thrive, possibly because the regenerating forest does not yet

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In 1968 the government built a maximum security animal quarantine station. It had laboratories, animal pens and other facilities for quarantining up to 35 cattle and 150 sheep, and there were associated new homes for the workers and their families. Other animals quarantined included goats, alpacas,

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recorded that a man named James Sellars had been permitted to use it as a quarantine ground for his sheep. In 1889 Matiu / Somes Island was declared as the first animal quarantine station in New Zealand. In 1892 the government established a Department of Agriculture to protect New Zealand's farming

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Forty-five people are known to be buried on the island, mostly immigrants who arrived in the 1870s. In 1971, individual gravestones were removed from the overgrown cemetery and replaced with a large memorial. In January 2000, four of the old headstones were retrieved from storage and placed next to

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name of "Matiu/Somes Island" in recognition of the island's European and Māori histories. Ward Island was renamed as Mākaro/Ward Island at the same time. Since then the board has adopted the formatting convention of placing a space before and after the slash, so the official name is now written as

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The Matiu / Somes Island Charitable Trust was established in 1999 and launched in March 2000 as a partnership between local iwi and the general community to help protect, nurture and enhance the island by raising funds for projects that increase biodiversity and enhance visitors' enjoyment of the

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On 29 August 1939 Matiu / Somes Island was handed over from the Health Department to the Army and again shifted from quarantine station to internment camp, with the first group of internees arriving in late December 1939. Internees included German and Italian residents of New Zealand and men from

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became interested in revegetation of the island. They gained agreement to begin planting native plants on the island in the early 1980s. Access to the island was still strictly controlled at that time, because it was still a high security animal quarantine station. Over the period 1981–2008, the

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Matiu / Somes Island is an increasingly popular tourist attraction and educational resource for local schools, with about 15,000 visitors per year. Visitors may stay overnight on the island in one of two houses managed by the Department of Conservation (Education House built in the 1970s or the

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to Matiu / Somes Island and hand-fed until they fledged. Some of the now-adult birds have since returned to the island and begun to breed. A solar-powered speaker system was installed to transmit fluttering shearwater calls each night, and has attracted wild birds to Matiu / Somes Island. This

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breed on the island, and the population is closely monitored. Their numbers have increased significantly since the revegetation of the island. To help support penguin breeding, over 170 artificial nest boxes have been provided. However, in the 2020/21 season, there was high mortality of penguin

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In March 1915 two prisoners escaped from the island by swimming to Petone, where they turned themselves in at a police station, seeking to alert the authorities to allegedly poor treatment of internees. In July 1918 four men escaped on a raft made of wood with oil drums for buoyancy, landing at

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m above the present mean sea level. A rock arch and platform at the northern end of Matiu / Somes Island was formed by the action of the sea, but was raised above sea-level by successive earthquakes, including the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake. The arch now appears as a hole in the rock, above sea

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is based on a true story about Victor Penny, an Auckland bus garage attendant and amateur radio enthusiast who in 1935 managed to convince government authorities that he could produce a 'death ray' that was capable of stopping an army, immobilising trucks, and bringing down enemy aeroplanes in

1053:. Tensions developed amongst the various national groups, in particular between German Nazis and German Jews. As in World War I, there were allegations of ill-treatment of the men on the island. Three men escaped in November 1941 in a boat stolen from the island's caretaker and made it to the 1159:(management) plan was prepared in 2012, to guide the administration of the island's scientific and historic reserves in accordance with the Reserves Act 1977. A small team of rangers lives on the island to maintain facilities, manage visitors and volunteers, and monitor bait stations. 916:

was sited, but the only remaining sign of occupation is a midden. The midden, which was underneath the hospital building, was uncovered and excavated during building work in 1999. Faunal remains included shellfish (species from the mainland), fish and bird bones.

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From 1947 to 1995 the island was used as a quarantine station for livestock, with limited access to the public from 1981 onwards. In December 1983, the island was still a maximum security animal quarantine station. However, over the 1983/84 summer period, the

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shelter of the accommodation and other buildings on the island, and to screen the oxidation ponds and rubbish dump. The plan proposed planting of a variety of native plants, along with more macrocarpa. A small number of trees were planted in 1977–78.

957:, a few people were quarantined on Matiu / Somes Island, but there was general agreement that the facilities were completely inadequate. The government then built accommodation for hundreds more people. In 1920, some passengers and crew from the ship 345:

A distinct gully runs from the south of the former quarantine station and terminates at the sea on the southern end of the island between two largely forested ridges on either side to the east and west. The gully floor forms a swamp, but an

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agreed to allow day visits to the island by members of the public, limited to 120 visitors per open day. The visits were by permit only, and access to the quarantine station was not allowed. The day visits were co-ordinated by the

953:, passengers and crew were quartered in makeshift accommodation on the island. On other occasions, new arrivals would spend ten minutes in a smokehouse of chlorine, potassium nitrate and sulphur fumes for de-lousing. During the 218:

emplacements were also built on the island during World War II and their remains can be seen today. The island was used for animal quarantine from 1864 until 1995. A maximum security animal quarantine station was built in 1968.

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were released in several transfers between 2006 and 2013. Two of these geckos were fitted with transmitters so that they could be monitored after release. In 2015 the green geckos were confirmed to be breeding on the island.

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llamas and deer. The quarantine station was officially opened in December 1970. It closed in 1995 after in-vitro fertilisation technology was developed, making importation and quarantining of live breeding stock unnecessary.

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trees growing on the island, since this species does not occur naturally in the area. Many of these projects have been supported by the community and the local Māori collective, Taranaki Whānui ki te Upoko o te Ika.

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and historic reserve. For many years the public was banned from visiting the island due to its role as a human and animal quarantine station, but visitors are now welcome and may stay overnight on the island.

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from 1840 until the 1920s. Ships arriving in Wellington Harbour with infectious passengers or crew would disembark them at Matiu / Somes Island for care and treatment before berthing in the city. During both

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island. Through its active arm, "The Friends of Matiu / Somes", it encourages community participation in work on the island. It also works closely with DOC and community groups such as Forest & Bird.

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emplacements on the summit, but they were never used. A large area was levelled for this construction, with the result that 17 metres (56 ft) was removed from the island's previous overall height. A

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metres. The perimeters of both Matiu / Somes and Mokopuna Island have shore platforms that were eroded by the sea prior to the 1855 earthquake. There are some remnants of an earlier platform at 2.4 to

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chicks, attributed to starvation caused by warmer sea temperatures making it more difficult for adults to find and catch fish. Normal chick mortality is around 11% but the figure for 2020/21 was 35%.

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After the war ended, the internees were transferred to Featherston military camp and from there 260 of them were deported back to Germany. In 1919 the Bavarian Band returned to Europe on the steamship

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The island's environment had become degraded during its long period of use for quarantine and defence purposes. However, in 1981 work began to restore the forest cover. Following more than 30 years of

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the island continued to be used for quarantining animals but was also used for an internment camp which imprisoned about 300 "enemy aliens". Prisoners during this time included many German

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on Matiu / Somes Island, with the boat journey across to the island forming part of the play. Scenes took place at the former animal quarantine station and in the open air.

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The Characteristics of the Waiwhetu Artesian Aquifer beneath Wellington Harbour including the Spatial Distribution and Causes of Submarine Spring Discharge [thesis]

1267:. There was a suspected intrusion by a mouse in 2012, but no further evidence was found. The Department of Conservation maintains a network of traps and tracking tunnels. 3405: 381:

temporarily restricted access to the island because a long dry summer had lowered the volume and pressure of water from the aquifer, requiring strict water conservation.

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species is common in Wellington Harbour but there has been no local breeding population since pre-European times. They were once an important food source for local iwi.

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flight. Penny was placed under the protection of defence authorities initially on Matiu / Somes Island and later at Fort Dorset, a military coastal defence battery in

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In January 2024, the Kaitiaki Board governing the island announced that public access to the island would be closed for 6–8 months while the wharf was rebuilt.

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protested that with military equipment on the island it had become a potential target, and that keeping prisoners in a potential conflict zone was against the

5513: 2257: 4796: 900:. To ensure Harewood's compliance, his chief mate was held hostage on Matiu / Somes Island. There was no Māori occupation on Matiu / Somes from about 1840. 4004: 2682: 1954: 1898: 5033: 4337: 3971:"Port Nicholson Block (Taranaki Whānui ki Te Upoko o Te Ika) Claims Settlement Act 2009 No 26 (as at 01 July 2022), Public Act – New Zealand Legislation" 1095: 301:, the company's deputy-governor and financier at the time. In 1997, after 10 months of investigation and consideration of submissions by the public, the 3208: 230:

of species, the island is now home to many native birds, invertebrates, reptiles and plants. Since 1995, Matiu / Somes Island has been designated as a

5732: 5313: 5120: 1481:('rat house') building at the wharf at the northeast of the island after disembarking, to check their bags for pest animals, plants, seeds and soil. 4579: 1786: 1726: 1568:

is a Samoan-born New Zealand actor, television presenter, writer, journalist, director, and comedian. In 1998, he co-wrote and performed in a play,

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and other remnants of habitation have been found on the island. There is also a long and varied European history. The island was used for human

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that run northeast–southwest close to the west and east sides of the island. The faults extend from just offshore of Petone beach to about 1

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At various times throughout the 19th and 20th centuries the island hosted quarantine facilities for both human immigrants and animals, and

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In 1868 the island was declared a quarantine ground and used to isolate passengers from a ship carrying smallpox. When the immigrant ship

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Pacific Islands plantations. By January 1942 there were also 45 Japanese internees who were New Zealand residents and fishermen from

243: 4980: 4849: 1520:. To protect endemic wildlife on Mokopuna Island – particularly nesting seabirds – landing by members of the public is prohibited. 1111: 378: 255: 214:, "enemy aliens", including long-term residents of New Zealand who originated from enemy countries, were interned on the island. 5737: 5707: 836:) has been found on the island. Although it has not been formally identified, it has been documented with an age range of 215-205 5587: 4463: 2750: 1144: 239: 3474: 3805: 5449: 5416: 5346: 4150: 3916: 293:

After European settlement, the island was known for over a century as Somes Island. In 1839 it fell under the control of the

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At the northern end of the island on a site with steep cliffs there was the Te Moana–a–kura pā which contained terraces and

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was set in part on Matiu / Somes Island, with the main character spending time interned there during the Second World War.

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debris and river gravels, then shelly marine silts, and finally artesian gravels that are capped with shelly marine silts.

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Rugged landscape: the geology of central New Zealand, including Wellington, Wairarapa, Manawatu and the Marlborough Sounds

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and mice were successfully eradicated between 1988 and 1989. In 1990, it was the largest island that had been cleared of

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The eastern half of the North Island, from the Bay of Plenty to Wellington, has a Torlesse Composite Terrane basement.

5618: 4556: 2144: 183:, New Zealand. The island is 24.9 hectares (62 acres) in area, and lies 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the suburb of 5150: 3970: 5505: 5155: 1119: 780: 4788: 1537: 4675:

Waugh, Susan; Tennyson, Alan; Orange, Rod; Sharp, Steven; Cotter, Reg; Batcheler, Ros; Batcheler, Derek (2013).

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that was based on the story of Samoan and German prisoners interned on the island during the Second World War.

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Use of the island as an animal quarantine facility is recorded as early as 1864, when an advertisement in the

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km south of the island. The greywacke at Matiu / Somes Island, and the surrounding Wellington landscape, is

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provide sufficient damp leaf litter year-round to sustain an adequate population of invertebrates as food.

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The island is 24.9 hectares (62 acres) in area, and lies 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the suburb of

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are known to have been living on Matiu / Somes island in the 1840s but later died out. In 1998, around 50

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marine deposits have been found on the benches, but it is possible that they result from a combination of

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Ma (Late Triassic). Tube fossils have also been found at other nearby locations such as Princess Bay and

4402: 2139:. Guidebook No 10. Lower Hutt: DSIR Geology and Geophysics, and the Geological Society of New Zealand. 829: 3371: 4911: 4677:"Numbers of spotted shags (Stictocarbo punctatus) at breeding sites in Wellington Harbour, 2002–2012" 2072: 1432: 410: 384: 1583:

tells the story of a family caught up in the internment of "enemy aliens" on Matiu / Somes Island.

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The Matiu / Somes Island lighthouse is a harbour navigation light for Wellington Harbour. It is a

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in 1996. A species of small ground wētā had survived on Matiu / Somes Island after deforestation.

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on the island but there was no permanent settlement on the island due to limited resources there.

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History and Traditions of the Maoris of the West Coast North Island of New Zealand Prior to 1840

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Somes Island Internment Camp for Enemy Aliens During the First World War: An Historical Enquiry

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Despite being surrounded by sea water, Matiu / Somes Island has access to fresh water from the

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flows through it during periods of heavy rain. A 1942 map shows a small dam across the creek.

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were successfully re-introduced in 2003 and 2004, and remain a common sight on the island.

1341: 1311: 1241: 1217: 1197: 362: 5691: 896:'s captain John Harewood was forced or bribed to take a group of hundreds of Māori to the 8: 2775:

Walton, Tony (June 2000). "A midden (R27/91) on Matiu/Somes Island, Wellington Harbour".

1233: 294: 223: 2627: 1280: 5088:"Wellington's electric cross-harbour ferry just around the corner following sea trials" 4740: 4281:"Should we learn to live with introduced species rather than wipe them out completely?" 1888:"Frameworks of the New Zealand Geographic Board Ngā Pou Taunaha o Aotearoa: Version 10" 1372: 1349: 1213: 1152: 251: 180: 71: 2553:

Campbell, Hamish; Beu, Alan; Crampton, James; Kennedy, Liz; Terezow, Marianna (2013).

2205:. Wellington, New Zealand: Institute of Geography, Victoria University of Wellington. 785:

Matiu / Somes Island and the surrounding landscape of Wellington is dominated by grey

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Somes Rock is an underwater pinnacle off the southwest point of Matiu / Somes island.

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uplift. If they were wave cut benches any marine deposits have been eroded away. The

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Mātiu–Makāro–Mokopuna, Wellington Harbour Islands Kaitiaki Management Plan 2012–2017

3466: 1073:. Many of the physical features of these sites are present on the island today. The 279: 45: 5683:

Interview with author of book about First World War internees on Matiu/Somes Island

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were released on Matiu / Somes Island, and by 2007 some had begun breeding there.

870: 4164: 1576: 1517: 1388: 1384: 1237: 1229: 897: 813: 809: 393: 327: 306: 5391: 5011: 4758: 4441: 4235: 4043: 3956: 3156: 1873: 1850: 347: 195: 4249: 2650: 2164: 2103:"[Creator unknown]: Plan of Somes Island [ms map]. August 1942" 1750:"Kupe's voyage of discovery through Aotearoa still makes for an epic adventure" 1565: 1356: 1319: 1300: 357:. Water from the Hutt River infiltrates into porous gravels in the vicinity of 297:

along with much of the greater Wellington region. The island was renamed after

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Cessford, Christine (15 May 1996). "Terris against name change for Somes Is".

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McArthur, Nikki; Ray, Samantha; Crowe, Patrick; Bell, Mike (20 August 2019).

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The island is now home to several species of native reptiles, including the

885: 874: 797:. In the harbour surrounding the island, the greywacke basement is overlain 5536:"A tempest off Matiu-Somes Island – Irreverent adaption cuts to an essence" 5336: 2514:. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences. 2364:"The 1855 Wairarapa, New Zealand, Earthquake – Analysis of Historical Data" 2258:"Freshwater supply shortage triggers partial closure of Matiu/Somes Island" 1543: 1444: 1436: 1380: 802: 798: 298: 211: 61: 5406: 4548: 3902:

Port Nicholson Block Settlement Trust; Department of Conservation (2012).

3406:"Interned but in tune: Bavarian musicians spend WW1 on Matiu/Somes Island" 2203:

Dynamic Wellington: A contemporary synthesis and explanation of Wellington

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Te Whanganui a Tara me ona takiwa : report on the Wellington District

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hills before hunger forced them out to buy food and they were rearrested.

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Hansford, Dave (November 2005). "Matiu / Somes – secrets in plain view".

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Watts, Corinne; Thornburrow, Danny; Stringer, Ian; Cave, Vanessa (2017).

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The Old Whaling Days: A History of Southern New Zealand from 1830 to 1840

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In 2009, ownership of the island was transferred to the Māori collective

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Rock arch and raised platform at the northern tip of Matiu / Somes Island

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In 2009, ownership of the island was transferred to the Māori collective

207: 4744: 4005:"Mātiu/Somes Island offers isolated paradise in the heart of Wellington" 3882:

A study of communities of interest in Wellington Region [report]

1955:"Mātiu/Somes Island offers isolated paradise in the heart of Wellington" 5026:"Minister Launches Matiu/Somes Community Trust [Press release]" 3410:

Victoria University of Wellington. Te Kōkī, New Zealand School of Music

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Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering

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On shaky ground: a geological guide to the Wellington metropolitan area

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Houlihan, Mike (2 March 1998). "Strange stories of island internees".

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Berry, Ruth (2 March 2000). "Somes needs cash injection, says trust".

3776:"Memorial Internment Camp for Italians - Lower Hutt - TracesOfWar.com" 3680:"Degaussing station Matiu/Somes Island - Lower Hutt - TracesOfWar.com" 2797:

Walton, Tony (March 1997). "Somes Island archaeological site survey".

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A volunteer group known as the Karo Busters spent ten years poisoning

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was unveiled next to the wharf at the entrance to the island in 2017.

2878:"Quarantined: A sordid, sickly, sad underside of New Zealand history" 2610:

Hannah, M.J.; Collen, J.D. (1995). "An occurrence of the tube fossil

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Matiu / Somes Island came under the jurisdiction of the newly-formed

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is about 5 kilometres (3 mi) southeast of Matiu / Somes Island.

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historic caretakers' cottage), or in a tent at one of 12 campsites.

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to the east of the Matiu / Somes Island ridge as far as present-day

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Species introduced or reintroduced to Matiu / Somes Island include

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Matiu / Somes Island was used as a place of refuge by pre-colonial

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McConchie, Jack; Winchester, David; Willis, Richard, eds. (2000).

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were transferred to Matiu / Somes Island in 1996 and 1997, and 67

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structure thought to be part of a drowned ridge pushed up between

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Matiu/Somes Island animal quarantine station [fact sheet]

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The island is also a stronghold for other seabirds including the

825: 366: 365:. South of Melling, a layer of clay forms an impervious cap (or 4916:

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand

2721:. Wellington, New Zealand: Steele Roberts and Silver Owl Press. 1204:

At about the same time, members of the Lower Hutt branch of the

1196:

mostly bare, with the exception of some exotic trees, including

1033:

noted the use of "disrespectful language" by the camp overseer.

912:. Haowhenua pā was built in the middle of the island, where the 5662: 4034:"New Zealand: Port Nicholson Block Claims Settlement Enacted". 3888:. : Local Government Commission. February 2016. pp. 28–29. 1447:

were transferred to the island in April 2005, and more than 90

909: 862: 319: 198: 184: 4456:"RSG Oceania – NZ Bird Reintroductions – Robins & Tomtits" 326:. Just off the northern tip of Matiu / Somes Island lies tiny 5057:"World famous in New Zealand: Matiu/Somes Island, Wellington" 865:

and around the eastern shores of the harbour. They built two

4708: 4518:"Starvation behind mass death of little blue penguin chicks" 1130: 866: 5611:

Island of Secrets: Matiu/Somes Island in Wellington Harbour

4139:

A new cloak for Matiu: the restoration of an island ecology

2462: 1691:. Science & Research Unit, Department of Conservation. 1088: 1050: 283: 4818:

Wilson, Kerry-Jane; Morrison, Andrew (24 September 2007).

4546: 3376:

Appendices to the Journals of the House of Representatives

2552: 2486:"Wellington Harbour Bores – Exploratory Drilling Findings" 1069:

station was built to provide protection for ships against

1040:

The island reverted to use as a human quarantine station.

824:

in age and assigned to the Rakaia Terrane, one of several

808:

Matiu / Somes Island is an uplifted block of greywacke, a

5686: 4226:

Napp, Bernie (12 June 2003). "Dad's Army's green acres".

2200: 1260: 832:(also known as the Torlesse Supergroup). A tube fossil ( 5571:"Re-making Memory on Matiu and Other 'Settlement' Sites" 4674: 3836:"Matiu/Somes Island's tantalising and miserable history" 2510:

Begg, J.G.; Johnston, M.R. (2000). McSaveney, E. (ed.).

1477:

Visitors to the island are required to pass through the

1463: 844:, along the shore platform of Wellington's south coast. 337: 270:

Matiu / Somes Island as seen from Normandale, Lower Hutt

179:

is the largest of three islands in the northern half of

3216:. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation. 2294:. Wellington: AH & AW Reed. pp. 186–190, 200. 2012:"Wellington's Leper Island a legacy of racial hysteria" 5679:, showing natural and man-made features and topography 5613:. Wellington : Steele Roberts & Silver Owl Press. 2614:

Bather, 1906 from southwest Wellington, New Zealand".

4649:. Wildlife Management International Ltd. p. 51. 4606:"Successful new seabird colony on Matiu Somes Island" 884:

In November 1835 Ngāti Mutunga people, affiliated to

881:

drove Ngāti Ira from their settlements in the 1820s.

4637: 2463:"CliFlo – National Climate Database : Somes Is" 2693:– via New Zealand Electronic Text Collection. 2598:

R27/f0284 fossil record number for the tube fossil.

2532:(2nd ed.). Geoscience Society of New Zealand. 1880: 5151:"Matiu/Somes to close to public for wharf rebuild" 2578: 2073:"Somes Island topographic map, elevation, terrain" 1394: 1181:Shag rocks at southern end of Matiu / Somes Island 1081:. The Government moved the internees to a camp at 2761:– via Trove, National Library of Australia. 2747:The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser 1807: 1532:Lighthouse with Wellington City in the background 949:arrived in 1872 carrying several passengers with 5699: 5670:"Somes Island 1845, drawing by William Swainson" 4850:"Wellington green gecko breeding on Matiu Somes" 2439:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 393. 4976:"Matiu / Somes Island: Nature and conservation" 4338:"Threat to wetas if mice are on harbour island" 4055: 4053: 2847:"Arrival of a ship at Wellington with smallpox" 2484:Oliver, Rowan; Pipe, Hayden (11 October 2019). 1779:Smith, S. Percy (1910). "Kupe: The Navigator". 1717:Charles Royal, Te Ahukaramū (8 February 2005). 1110:in 1989 and came under the full control of the 1043: 330:, also known as Leper Island. The much smaller 4817: 4547:Department of Conservation (10 January 2012). 2555:A Photographic Guide to Fossils of New Zealand 2362:Grapes, Rodney; Downes, Gaye (December 1997). 2043:"A treasured island: Wellington's Ward Island" 1586:New Zealand author of fiction and non-fiction 1516:Just to the north lies a much smaller island, 989: 961:were quarantined on Matiu / Somes Island with 5694:Alexander Turnbull Library, between 1914-1918 5692:Photo of Bavarian String Band on Somes Island 3460: 3458: 3456: 2616:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1716: 1422: 1060:In 1942, the island was fortified with heavy 892:at Wellington. The crew were tied up and the 4885:New Zealand Gazette and Wellington Spectator 4633: 4631: 4136: 4066:. Department of Conservation. January 2018. 4050: 4036:US Fed News Service, Including US State News 3949:US Fed News Service, Including US State News 3524: 3522: 3206: 2609: 2509: 2361: 2320:Geological features of the Wellington Region 1679: 1310:Birds reintroduced to Matiu / Somes Island: 1185: 5506:"The tempest on Matiu (Somes Island), 2013" 4369:"Ranger works to rejuvenate island reserve" 3947:"Deed of settlement with Taranaki Whanui". 2557:. New Holland Publishers (NZ). p. 39. 2130: 2128: 1169: 1163: 1134: 5595:(MA). Palmerston North: Massey University. 3833: 3764:. 10 October 1945 – via Papers Past. 3746:. 15 October 1945 – via Papers Past. 3464: 3453: 3207:Walton, Tony; Nester, Richard (May 2001). 2516:1:250 000 geological map 10. 1 sheet + 64p 2483: 2433:United States Hydrographic Office (1929). 2322:(2 ed.). Wellington Regional Council. 2313: 2311: 2009: 1680:Walton, Tony; Nester, Richard (May 2001). 1472: 1403:on the island, including three species of 1270: 438:Climate data for Somes Island (1981–2010) 5472: 4759:"RSG Oceania – NZ Lizard Reintroductions" 4726: 4628: 4580:"Shearwaters flown to Matiu-Somes Island" 4307:"Volunteers clear plant pest from island" 4278: 3519: 2285: 2283: 1575:New Zealand author of children's fiction 1209:volunteers planted over 100,000 plants. 5733:Protected areas of the Wellington Region 5599: 5568: 5381: 4603: 4484: 4250:"RSG Oceania – NZ Plant Reintroductions" 4132: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 2225: 2125: 1916: 1840: 1812:. Wellington, N.Z.: Legislation Direct. 1747: 1723:Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1675: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1527: 1206:Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society 1176: 1139:(carved gateway) at Matiu / Somes Island 1129: 1125: 1089:Quarantine station to scientific reserve 993: 924: 413:raised Matiu / Somes Island by about 1.5 383: 336: 274:Legend has it that Matiu and the nearby 265: 70:Location of Matiu / Somes Island within 5404: 4946:"Tuatara hatches on Matiu/Somes Island" 4577: 4487:"Little Penguins on Matiu-Somes Island" 4366: 3465:Richardson, Paddy (20 September 2022). 3369: 3336:"Defence History of Matiu/Somes Island" 2308: 2289: 2196: 2194: 2162: 2158: 2156: 2134: 1983: 929:NZ Department of Conservation buildings 903: 14: 5700: 5608: 5439: 5267: 5261: 5115: 5113: 4789:"Geckos shift to haven in the harbour" 4335: 4304: 4194:"Weeds on Matiu-Somes Island – part 1" 4188: 4186: 4002: 3477:from the original on 19 September 2022 3399: 3397: 3340:New Zealand Department of Conservation 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 2875: 2869: 2857:from the original on 12 September 2022 2827:from the original on 12 September 2022 2796: 2774: 2743:"Daring attack by New Zealand natives" 2716: 2527: 2317: 2280: 2179:from the original on 24 September 2017 2040: 1952: 1606:staged an adaptation of Shakespeare's 1151:against the Crown for breaches of the 857:During the 18th century Ngāti Ira, an 793:sequences, together commonly known as 341:Topographic map of Matiu /Somes Island 5635: 5546:from the original on 3 September 2022 5516:from the original on 3 September 2022 5503: 5219:from the original on 14 December 2022 5189:from the original on 14 December 2022 5179:"Education House: Matiu/Somes Island" 5131:from the original on 14 December 2022 5001: 4956:from the original on 14 December 2022 4926:from the original on 14 December 2022 4891:from the original on 14 December 2022 4860:from the original on 14 December 2022 4830:from the original on 14 December 2022 4799:from the original on 14 December 2022 4769:from the original on 14 December 2022 4578:Edwards, Lee-Anne (16 January 2012). 4466:from the original on 10 December 2022 4396: 4394: 4221: 4219: 4121: 3998: 3996: 3981:from the original on 12 December 2022 3897: 3895: 3403: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3330: 3328: 3273:"Stock Act 1893 (57 VICT 1893 No 51)" 2792: 2790: 2770: 2768: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2674: 2163:Harding, Steven James (August 2000). 2083:from the original on 14 December 2022 1904:from the original on 31 December 2022 1778: 1664: 1464:Matiu / Somes Island Charitable Trust 1096:Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries 5585: 5054: 4909: 4878: 4656:from the original on 7 February 2022 4616:from the original on 5 December 2022 4559:from the original on 5 December 2022 4515: 4485:Ballance, Alison (28 October 2010). 4400: 4279:Macdonald, Nikki (20 January 2018). 4225: 4073:from the original on 21 January 2023 3928:from the original on 21 October 2022 3720:from the original on 4 December 2022 3660:from the original on 4 December 2022 3630:from the original on 4 December 2022 3570:from the original on 1 December 2022 3540:from the original on 1 December 2022 3507:from the original on 1 December 2022 3441:from the original on 1 December 2022 3382:from the original on 1 December 2022 3346:from the original on 20 January 2021 3313:from the original on 9 December 2022 3283:from the original on 24 January 2022 3253:from the original on 27 January 2023 3223:from the original on 27 January 2023 3181:from the original on 11 January 2023 3128:from the original on 23 October 2022 3098:from the original on 23 October 2022 2888:from the original on 11 January 2023 2753:from the original on 11 January 2023 2685:from the original on 2 December 2022 2648: 2455: 2191: 2153: 2113:from the original on 1 December 2022 2022:from the original on 11 January 2023 1934:from the original on 11 January 2023 1789:from the original on 11 January 2023 1785:. New Plymouth: Polynesian Society. 1145:Taranaki Whānui ki Te Upoko o Te Ika 972: 240:Taranaki Whānui ki Te Upoko o Te Ika 5663:Matiu Somes Island Charitable Trust 5473:Hindmarsh, Gerard (9 August 2019). 5334: 5310:Greater Wellington Regional Council 5110: 5085: 4647:Greater Wellington Regional Council 4516:Cook, Charlotte (28 January 2021). 4183: 3865:"Harbour island opened to public". 3404:Owens, Samantha (9 November 2018). 3394: 3193: 2172:. Wellington: Victoria University. 2053:from the original on 5 January 2019 2010:O'Neil, Andrea (1 September 2015). 1946: 1602:In 2013 Wellington theatre company 1554:Award-winning New Zealand novelist 1415:were successfully transferred from 1399:There are more than 500 species of 1255: 940: 920: 24: 5562: 5316:from the original on 28 March 2023 5249:from the original on 23 April 2023 5036:from the original on 31 March 2023 4391: 4379:from the original on 28 March 2023 4367:Stewart, Matt (15 February 2015). 4348:from the original on 28 March 2023 4317:from the original on 21 March 2023 4260:from the original on 28 March 2019 4216: 4204:from the original on 21 March 2023 4015:from the original on 31 March 2023 3993: 3892: 3690:from the original on 31 March 2023 3600:from the original on 19 April 2023 3497:"Germans escape from Somes Island" 3372:"Prisoners of war at Somes Island" 3370:Chapman, Frederick (7 June 1918). 3358: 3325: 3171:"[untitled advertisement]" 3068:from the original on 28 March 2023 3038:from the original on 28 March 2023 3008:from the original on 28 March 2023 2978:from the original on 28 March 2023 2948:from the original on 28 March 2023 2918:from the original on 28 March 2023 2787: 2765: 2697: 2443:from the original on 14 April 2023 2414:from the original on 14 April 2023 2384:from the original on 14 April 2023 2268:from the original on 14 April 2023 2238:from the original on 14 April 2023 1984:Rossouw, Aletta (18 August 2009). 1965:from the original on 31 March 2023 1801: 1729:from the original on 8 August 2022 1682:"Mātiu/Somes Island Maori history" 1489:Scheduled ferry services from the 60:Matiu / Somes Island as seen from 25: 5749: 5656: 5444:. Paekakariki: Silver Owl Press. 5411:. Fifi Colston. Auckland : Reed. 5363:from the original on 11 June 2022 5286:from the original on 14 June 2022 5270:"Matiu / Somes Island Lighthouse" 5098:from the original on 11 June 2022 5086:Tso, Matthew (17 November 2021). 4003:Manson, Bess (30 December 2018). 3846:from the original on 16 June 2022 3786:from the original on 3 April 2023 2341:Geoscience Society of New Zealand 2226:Ballance, Alison (30 June 2017). 1953:Manson, Bess (30 December 2018). 1760:from the original on 18 June 2022 1698:from the original on 17 June 2022 27:Island in Wellington, New Zealand 5728:History of the Wellington Region 5718:Islands of the Wellington Region 5581:(1). Massey University: 284–300. 5528: 5497: 5485:from the original on 3 July 2022 5466: 5433: 5398: 5375: 5328: 5298: 5231: 5201: 5171: 5143: 5121:"Matiu/Somes Island boat access" 5079: 5067:from the original on 22 May 2023 5055:Wade, Pamela (12 January 2019). 5048: 5018: 4995: 4968: 4938: 4903: 4872: 4842: 4811: 4781: 4751: 4702: 4668: 4604:Ballance, Alison (4 June 2019). 4597: 4571: 4528:from the original on 16 May 2022 4497:from the original on 22 May 2023 4413:from the original on 22 May 2023 4336:Powell, Selina (29 March 2012). 4305:Mussen, Deidre (22 March 2015). 4105:from the original on 16 May 2023 2876:Weekes, John (9 February 2020). 2580:"New Zealand Fossil Record File" 2410:. Land Information New Zealand. 2228:"The science of a water aquifer" 1930:. Land Information New Zealand. 1299: 1288: 1279: 852: 781:Geology of the Wellington Region 54: 5504:Guest, Bill (22 October 2014). 4540: 4509: 4478: 4448: 4425: 4360: 4329: 4298: 4272: 4242: 4085: 4027: 3963: 3940: 3873: 3858: 3827: 3798: 3768: 3750: 3732: 3702: 3672: 3642: 3612: 3582: 3552: 3489: 3423: 3295: 3265: 3235: 3163: 3147:"Island gravestones returned". 3140: 3110: 3080: 3050: 3020: 2990: 2960: 2930: 2900: 2839: 2809: 2735: 2668: 2642: 2603: 2571: 2546: 2521: 2503: 2477: 2426: 2396: 2355: 2326: 2250: 2219: 2095: 2065: 2041:Manson, Bess (5 January 2019). 2034: 2003: 1977: 1748:Thornber, Lorna (30 May 2021). 1719:"Islands in Wellington Harbour" 1643: 1634: 1538:Matiu / Somes Island Lighthouse 1395:Reintroduction of invertebrates 1190: 955:influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 278:island received their original 254:. The island is managed by the 5738:Nature reserves in New Zealand 5708:Parks in the Wellington Region 5642:instructionalseries.tki.org.nz 5440:McGill, David (19 July 2015). 4715:Journal of Orthoptera Research 3378:. 1919 Session 1, H-33: 1–27. 2749:. 28 January 1836. p. 2. 2512:Geology of the Wellington Area 1857: 1834: 1772: 1741: 1710: 1622:List of islands of New Zealand 1579:'s picture book for children, 1549: 1017:and suspected Danish imposter 828:that collectively make up the 170:Harbour Islands Kaitiaki Board 13: 1: 5209:"Matiu/Somes Island Campsite" 4879:Knox, F J (17 January 1844). 3834:O'Neil, Andrea (8 May 2015). 3243:"Plant and animal quarantine" 2636:10.1080/00288306.1995.9514643 1657: 1523: 999: 697:Average rainfall mm (inches) 396:or platforms at 30, 45 and 75 1493:to Matiu / Somes Island and 1484: 1044:World War II internment camp 313: 303:New Zealand Geographic Board 7: 5677:Map of Somes Island in 1942 5268:Walton, Tony (March 2001). 4763:rsg-oceania.squarespace.com 4460:rsg-oceania.squarespace.com 4254:rsg-oceania.squarespace.com 2290:Stevens, Graeme R. (1974). 1615: 1363:Between 2012 and 2014, 237 1101:Wellington Regional Council 990:World War I internment camp 627:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 487:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 261: 10: 5754: 5277:Department of Conservation 4981:Department of Conservation 4910:Knox, F J (17 July 1869). 4436:. 4 May 2004. p. A8. 4401:Watt, Mike (18 May 2022). 3118:"Human quarantine station" 2799:Archaeology in New Zealand 2777:Archaeology in New Zealand 2107:ndhadeliver.natlib.govt.nz 1808:Waitangi Tribunal (2003). 1689:Department of Conservation 1535: 1507: 1423:Reintroduction of reptiles 1149:settlement of their claims 1112:Department of Conservation 847: 830:Torlesse Composite Terrane 778: 774: 766: 437: 429: 379:Department of Conservation 256:Department of Conservation 5569:Buchanan, Rachel (2011). 5405:Drewery, Melanie (2006). 4881:"Reptilia of New Zealand" 3806:"Note from the President" 1864:"New names for islands". 1186:Environmental restoration 696: 626: 556: 486: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 451: 448: 445: 442: 411:1855 Wairarapa earthquake 355:Waiwhetu artesian aquifer 224:environmental restoration 166: 158: 141: 133: 125: 88: 78: 68: 53: 39: 34: 5636:Werry, Philippa (2011). 4934:– via Papers Past. 4899:– via Papers Past. 3728:– via Papers Past. 3668:– via Papers Past. 3638:– via Papers Past. 3620:"Three Germans at large" 3608:– via Papers Past. 3578:– via Papers Past. 3548:– via Papers Past. 3515:– via Papers Past. 3467:"Ghosts of Somes Island" 3449:– via Papers Past. 3390:– via Papers Past. 3321:– via Papers Past. 3189:– via Papers Past. 3076:– via Papers Past. 3046:– via Papers Past. 3016:– via Papers Past. 2986:– via Papers Past. 2956:– via Papers Past. 2926:– via Papers Past. 2908:"Influenza on the Malta" 2865:– via Papers Past. 2835:– via Papers Past. 2135:Stevens, Graeme (1991). 1986:"Golden years of travel" 1627: 310:"Matiu / Somes Island". 110:41.258250°S 174.865389°E 3975:www.legislation.govt.nz 2938:"Our quarantine island" 2530:A Continent on the Move 2318:Turner, Martin (1985). 1473:Maintaining biosecurity 1458:Brothers Island tuatara 1449:Wellington green geckos 1271:Reintroduction of birds 1168:(carved gateway) named 1108:Lower Hutt City Council 969:the communal memorial. 137:74 metres (243 ft) 129:24.9 ha (62 acres) 5609:McGill, David (2001). 5540:www.theatreview.org.nz 4098:Wellington Independent 3175:Wellington Independent 2717:McGill, David (2001). 2675:McNab, Robert (1913). 2651:"Princess Bay Fossils" 2586:GNS Science – Te Pῡ Ao 2528:Graham, I. J. (2015). 1924:"Mātiu / Somes Island" 1533: 1413:Cook Strait giant wētā 1224:large-leaved milk tree 1182: 1170: 1164: 1140: 1135: 1019:Hjelmar von Danneville 1006: 979:Wellington Independent 930: 389: 342: 305:assigned the official 271: 115:-41.258250; 174.865389 5442:The death ray debacle 5341:. Auckland: Penguin. 5335:Gee, Maurice (1998). 4137:Janet Hector (2011). 3710:"New internment camp" 3058:"Quarantine stations" 2998:"Quarantine stations" 2408:New Zealand Gazetteer 2343:. 25–27 November 2015 1928:New Zealand Gazetteer 1592:The Death Ray Debacle 1531: 1499:ferries in Wellington 1365:fluttering shearwater 1328:fluttering shearwater 1180: 1133: 1126:Transfer of ownership 1005:, including internees 997: 935:enemy alien internees 928: 779:Further information: 392:The island has three 387: 348:ephemeral watercourse 340: 322:and the mouth of the 269: 187:and the mouth of the 5239:"Caretakers Cottage" 4820:"Radio-tagged gecko" 4728:10.3897/jor.26.21712 4403:"Matiu Somes Island" 4061:"Matiu/Somes Island" 3813:Club Garibaldi News 3626:. 28 November 1941. 3596:. 15 February 1940. 3303:"[untitled]" 2968:"Somes Island cases" 2851:Daily Southern Cross 2823:. 22 December 1868. 2264:. 24 February 2016. 1897:. 2018. p. 47. 1868:. 26 February 1997. 1409:Wellington tree wētā 1357:Little blue penguins 1342:Red-crowned kākāriki 998:Men on Somes Island 904:Archaeological sites 332:Mākaro / Ward Island 250:for breaches of the 244:settlement of claims 177:Matiu / Somes Island 35:Matiu / Somes Island 4952:. 28 January 2010. 4856:. 30 January 2015. 4795:. 31 January 2009. 4407:My Guide Wellington 3869:. 21 December 1983. 3780:www.tracesofwar.com 3684:www.tracesofwar.com 3656:. 3 December 1941. 3560:"Local and General" 3536:. 10 October 1919. 3309:. 22 January 1918. 3151:. 31 January 2000. 2914:. 27 January 1919. 2655:www.geotrips.org.nz 2628:1995NZJGG..38..117H 1497:operate as part of 1350:North Island robins 1320:little blue penguin 1214:Cook's scurvy grass 557:Daily mean °C (°F) 295:New Zealand Company 167:Governing body 106: / 5723:Wellington Harbour 5713:Island restoration 5586:Burr, Val (1998). 3951:. 19 August 2008. 3566:. 3 January 1919. 3530:"German prisoners" 3249:. 6 October 2021. 3092:sites.rootsweb.com 2817:"Latest telegrams" 2649:Campbell, Hamish. 1534: 1373:Marlborough Sounds 1183: 1153:Treaty of Waitangi 1141: 1007: 931: 914:quarantine station 888:, seized the ship 390: 343: 272: 252:Treaty of Waitangi 181:Wellington Harbour 151:scientific reserve 72:Wellington Harbour 5575:Memory Connection 5451:978-0-9922622-2-8 5418:978-1-86948-594-8 5348:978-0-14-027380-9 5306:"Navigation aids" 5159:. 15 January 2024 4152:978-0-473-18388-2 4143:Forest & Bird 4101:. 13 April 1872. 3918:978-0-478-14966-1 3590:"To Somes Island" 3503:. 1 August 1918. 3437:. 24 March 1915. 3177:. 4 August 1864. 3032:New Zealand Times 3028:"Mahana to berth" 3004:. 23 April 1919. 2972:New Zealand Times 2944:. 15 March 1919. 2853:. 14 March 1872. 2719:Island of secrets 2612:Torlessia mackayi 2490:Water New Zealand 2436:New Zealand Pilot 1344:(parakeets) from 1335: 1079:Geneva Convention 1062:anti-aircraft gun 973:Animal quarantine 834:Torlessia mackayi 771: 770: 403:fluvial processes 242:, as part of the 216:Anti-aircraft gun 174: 173: 79:Nearest city 16:(Redirected from 5745: 5673: 5665:official website 5652: 5650: 5648: 5632: 5605: 5596: 5594: 5582: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5532: 5526: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5379: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5332: 5326: 5325: 5323: 5321: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5285: 5274: 5265: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5205: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5147: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5117: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5041: 5032:. 3 March 2000. 5022: 5016: 5015: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4907: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4876: 4870: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4815: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4785: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4730: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4681: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4655: 4644: 4635: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4601: 4595: 4594: 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1303: 1292: 1283: 1256:Pest eradication 1173: 1167: 1138: 1122:in August 1995. 1120:historic reserve 1015:prisoners of war 1004: 1001: 941:Human quarantine 937:during wartime. 921:European history 839: 819: 435: 434: 421: 416: 399: 148:Historic reserve 121: 120: 118: 117: 116: 111: 107: 104: 103: 102: 99: 58: 32: 31: 21: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5747: 5746: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5698: 5697: 5668: 5659: 5646: 5644: 5621: 5602:Forest and Bird 5592: 5565: 5563:Further reading 5560: 5559: 5549: 5547: 5534: 5533: 5529: 5519: 5517: 5502: 5498: 5488: 5486: 5471: 5467: 5452: 5438: 5434: 5419: 5403: 5399: 5380: 5376: 5366: 5364: 5349: 5333: 5329: 5319: 5317: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5283: 5272: 5266: 5262: 5252: 5250: 5243:www.doc.govt.nz 5237: 5236: 5232: 5222: 5220: 5213:www.doc.govt.nz 5207: 5206: 5202: 5192: 5190: 5183:www.doc.govt.nz 5177: 5176: 5172: 5162: 5160: 5149: 5148: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5125:www.doc.govt.nz 5119: 5118: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5053: 5049: 5039: 5037: 5024: 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February 2020 3808: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3789: 3787: 3774: 3773: 3769: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3693: 3691: 3678: 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3648: 3647: 3643: 3633: 3631: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3573: 3571: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3543: 3541: 3528: 3527: 3520: 3510: 3508: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3480: 3478: 3463: 3454: 3444: 3442: 3431:"Daring escape" 3429: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3412: 3402: 3395: 3385: 3383: 3368: 3359: 3349: 3347: 3334: 3333: 3326: 3316: 3314: 3301: 3300: 3296: 3286: 3284: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3256: 3254: 3241: 3240: 3236: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3213: 3205: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3122:www.doc.govt.nz 3116: 3115: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3064:. 21 May 1935. 3062:Southland Times 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3011: 3009: 2996: 2995: 2991: 2981: 2979: 2974:. 16 May 1919. 2966: 2965: 2961: 2951: 2949: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2921: 2919: 2906: 2905: 2901: 2891: 2889: 2874: 2870: 2860: 2858: 2845: 2844: 2840: 2830: 2828: 2815: 2814: 2810: 2795: 2788: 2773: 2766: 2756: 2754: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2729: 2715: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2673: 2669: 2659: 2657: 2647: 2643: 2608: 2604: 2591: 2589: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2565: 2551: 2547: 2540: 2526: 2522: 2508: 2504: 2494: 2492: 2482: 2478: 2468: 2466: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2446: 2444: 2431: 2427: 2417: 2415: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2366: 2360: 2356: 2346: 2344: 2336: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2316: 2309: 2302: 2288: 2281: 2271: 2269: 2262:www.doc.govt.nz 2256: 2255: 2251: 2241: 2239: 2224: 2220: 2213: 2199: 2192: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2169: 2161: 2154: 2147: 2133: 2126: 2116: 2114: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2086: 2084: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2056: 2054: 2039: 2035: 2025: 2023: 2008: 2004: 1994: 1992: 1982: 1978: 1968: 1966: 1951: 1947: 1937: 1935: 1922: 1921: 1917: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1890: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1863: 1862: 1858: 1839: 1835: 1820: 1806: 1802: 1792: 1790: 1777: 1773: 1763: 1761: 1746: 1742: 1732: 1730: 1715: 1711: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1684: 1678: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1654: 1648: 1644: 1639: 1635: 1630: 1618: 1577:Melanie Drewery 1552: 1540: 1526: 1518:Mokopuna Island 1510: 1487: 1475: 1466: 1425: 1397: 1389:red-billed gull 1339: 1338: 1337: 1336: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1285: 1284: 1273: 1258: 1193: 1188: 1128: 1091: 1046: 1002: 992: 975: 943: 923: 906: 898:Chatham Islands 855: 850: 837: 817: 783: 777: 772: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 432: 419: 414: 397: 328:Mokopuna Island 316: 264: 154: 114: 112: 108: 105: 100: 97: 95: 93: 92: 74: 64: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5751: 5741: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5696: 5695: 5689: 5680: 5674: 5672:. NZETC. 1845. 5666: 5658: 5657:External links 5655: 5654: 5653: 5633: 5619: 5606: 5597: 5583: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5527: 5496: 5465: 5450: 5432: 5417: 5397: 5374: 5347: 5327: 5297: 5260: 5230: 5200: 5170: 5142: 5109: 5078: 5047: 5017: 4994: 4967: 4937: 4902: 4871: 4841: 4810: 4780: 4750: 4721:(2): 171–180. 4701: 4667: 4627: 4596: 4570: 4539: 4508: 4477: 4447: 4424: 4390: 4359: 4328: 4297: 4271: 4241: 4215: 4182: 4151: 4141:. Lower Hutt: 4120: 4084: 4049: 4026: 3992: 3962: 3939: 3917: 3891: 3872: 3857: 3826: 3797: 3767: 3758:"Enemy Aliens" 3749: 3740:"Enemy Aliens" 3731: 3701: 3671: 3641: 3611: 3581: 3551: 3518: 3488: 3452: 3422: 3393: 3357: 3324: 3294: 3264: 3234: 3192: 3162: 3139: 3109: 3079: 3049: 3019: 2989: 2959: 2929: 2899: 2868: 2838: 2808: 2786: 2764: 2734: 2727: 2696: 2667: 2641: 2622:(1): 117–119. 2602: 2570: 2563: 2545: 2538: 2520: 2502: 2476: 2454: 2425: 2395: 2354: 2325: 2307: 2300: 2279: 2249: 2218: 2211: 2190: 2152: 2145: 2124: 2094: 2064: 2033: 2002: 1976: 1945: 1915: 1879: 1856: 1833: 1818: 1800: 1771: 1740: 1709: 1662: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1642: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1617: 1614: 1581:Papa's Island, 1566:Oscar Kightley 1551: 1548: 1536:Main article: 1525: 1522: 1509: 1506: 1491:Wellington CBD 1486: 1483: 1474: 1471: 1465: 1462: 1443:. 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