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597:– a belief reflected in the word "expire" (originally meaning "to exhale") gaining the additional meaning of "to come to an end" or "to die". This connection, coupled with the significant amount of breath expelled from the body during a sneeze, had likely led people to believe that sneezing could easily be fatal. Such a theory could explain the reasoning behind the traditional English phrase, "God bless you", in
2259:
590:, or some listener sneezes, often one of the listeners will say "It is beniesd", literally "It's sneezed upon", as if a proof of truth – usually self-ironically recalling this old superstitious habit, without either suggesting doubt or intending an actual confirmation, but making any apology by the sneezer for the interruption superfluous as the remark is received by smiles.
80:
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17: 541-550). It may be because this belief survived through the centuries, that in certain parts of Greece today, when someone is asserting something and the listener sneezes promptly at the end of the assertion, the former responds "bless you and I am speaking the truth", or "bless you and here is
684:
that if talking behind someone's back causes the person being talked about to sneeze; as such, the sneezer can tell if something good is being said (one sneeze), someone is thinking about you (two sneezes in a row), even if someone is in love with you (three sneezes in a row) or if this is a sign
243:
so that air ejected from the lungs is accelerated through the mouth and thus creating a low pressure point at the back of the nose. This way air is forced in through the front of the nose and the expelled mucus and contaminants are launched out the mouth. Sneezing with the mouth closed does expel
740:, it has been a common superstition that a sneeze taking place before the start of any work was a sign of impending bad interruption. It was thus customary to pause in order to drink water or break any work rhythm before resuming the job at hand in order to prevent any misfortune from occurring.
515:
In 1884, biologist Henry Walter Bates elucidated the impact of light on the sneezing reflex (Bates H.W. 1881-4. Biologia
Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume I, Part 1.). He observed that individuals were only capable of sneezing when they felt in control of their entire environment.
471:
Until recently, the maximum visible distance over which the sneeze plumes (or puffs) travel was observed at 0.6 metres (2.0 ft), and the maximum sneeze velocity derived was 4.5 m/s (about 10 mph). In 2020, sneezes were recorded generating plumes of up to 8 meters (26 ft).
251:– a bodily state where motor neurons are not stimulated and reflex signals are not relayed to the brain. Sufficient external stimulants, however, may cause a person to wake from sleep to sneeze, but any sneezing occurring afterwards would take place with a partially awake status at minimum.
396:
The sneeze reflex involves contraction of a number of different muscles and muscle groups throughout the body, typically including the eyelids. The common suggestion that it is impossible to sneeze with one's eyes open is, however, inaccurate. Other than irritating foreign particles,
751:
Wschodnie borderlands, a popular belief persists that sneezes may be an inauspicious sign that, depending on the local version, either someone unspecified or one's mother-in-law speaks ill of the person sneezing at that moment. In other regions, however, this superstition concerns
260:
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Holding in sneezes, such as by pinching the nose or holding one's breath, is not recommended as the air pressure places undue stress on the lungs and airways. One computer simulation suggests holding in a sneeze results in a burst of air pressure of 39
405:(PSR). Walking out of a dark building into sunshine may trigger PSR, or the ACHOO (autosomal dominant compulsive helio-ophthalmic outbursts of sneezing) syndrome as it is also called. The tendency to sneeze upon exposure to bright light is an
313:
921:, and when you sneeze and the muscles relax, it releases pressure. Anytime you release pressure, it feels good...There's also some evidence that endorphins are released, which causes your body to feel good". Endorphins induce the brain's
357:
muscles and creates a large opening of the nasal and oral cavities, resulting in a powerful release of air and bioparticles. The powerful nature of a sneeze is attributed to its involvement of numerous organs of the upper body – it is a
557:, hearing Odysseus may be alive, says that he and his son would take revenge on the suitors if he were to return. At that moment, their son sneezes loudly and Penelope laughs with joy, reassured that it is a sign from the
1554:
Rahiminejad, Mohammad; Haghighi, Abdalrahman; Dastan, Alireza; Abouali, Omid; Farid, Mehrdad; Ahmadi, Goodarz (April 1, 2016). "Computer
Simulations of Pressure and Velocity fields in Human Upper Airway during Sneezing".
2187:
504:; and staying away from industrial and agricultural zones. Tickling the roof of the mouth with the tongue can stop a sneeze. Some people, however, find sneezes to be pleasurable and would not want to prevent them.
273:
visualization of the airflow during a sneeze, comparing an unmasked sneeze with several different method of covering one's mouth and nose: sneezing into a fist, a cupped hand, a tissue, a "coughcatcher" device, a
1932:
548:
underscored his conclusion with a sneeze. Thinking that this sneeze was a favorable sign from the gods, the soldiers were impressed. Another divine moment of sneezing for the Greeks occurs in the story of
224:
while sneezing. In addition to covering the mouth, looking down is also recommended to change the direction of the droplets spread and avoid high concentration in the human breathing heights.
856:
In
Renaissance times, a superstition was formed claiming one's heart stopped for a very brief moment during the sneeze; saying bless you was a sign of prayer that the heart would not fail.
464:
when sneezing. Using one's hand for that purpose has recently fallen into disuse as it is considered inappropriate, since it promotes spreading germs through human contact (such as
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trait and affects 18–35% of the human population. A rarer trigger, observed in some individuals, is the fullness of the stomach immediately after a large meal. This is known as
310:
1942:
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pandemics of the 14th century. Blessing the individual after showing such a symptom was thought to prevent possible impending death due to the lethal disease.
692:
Parallel beliefs are known to exist around the world, particularly in contemporary Greek, Slavic, Celtic, English, French, and Indian cultures. Similarly, in
650:, a sneeze without an obvious cause was generally perceived as a sign that someone was talking about the sneezer at that very moment. This can be seen in the
1472:
1412:
Sommerstein, R; Fux, CA; Vuichard-Gysin, D; Abbas, M; Marschall, J; Balmelli, C; Troillet, N; Harbarth, S; Schlegel, M; Widmer, A; Swissnoso. (6 July 2020).
312:
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use sneezing as a form of communication, especially when considering a consensus in a pack on whether or not to hunt. Some breeds of dog are predisposed to
902:, since both orgasms and sneeze reflexes involve tingling, bodily stretching, tension and release. On this subject, sexologist Vanessa Thompson from the
448:
droplets, commonly ranging from 0.5 to 5 μm. A sneeze can produce 40,000 droplets. To reduce the possibility of thus spreading disease (such as the
188:. A sneeze expels air forcibly from the mouth and nose in an explosive, spasmodic involuntary action. This action allows for mucus to escape through the
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2019:
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countries, such as Mexico, Italy, or
Ireland, the remnants of pagan culture are fostered in Polish peasant idiosyncratic superstitions.
227:
The function of sneezing is to expel mucus containing foreign particles or irritants and cleanse the nasal cavity. During a sneeze, the
1270:"Characterization of infectious aerosols in health care facilities: an aid to effective engineering controls and preventive strategies"
2222:
333:
Sneezing typically occurs when foreign particles or sufficient external stimulants pass through the nasal hairs to reach the nasal
1055:
656:(a collection of Chinese poems) in ancient China as early as 1000 BC, and in Japan this belief is still depicted in present-day
244:
mucus through the nose but is not recommended because it creates a very high pressure in the head and is potentially harmful.
2291:
1661:
1495:
1123:
1414:"Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosols, the rational use of masks, and protection of healthcare workers from COVID-19"
1168:
Breitenbach RA, Swisher PK, Kim MK, Patel BS (December 1993). "The photic sneeze reflex as a risk factor to combat pilots".
235:
depress while the back of the tongue elevates to partially close the passage to the mouth, creating a venturi (similar to a
917:, there is a pleasurable effect during a sneeze, where she states, "the muscle tension that builds up in your chest causes
1965:
500:
particles through proper housekeeping; replacing filters for furnaces and air-handling units; air filtration devices and
613:", states that, when the controversial monarch was on his deathbed, his medical attendants administered a concoction of
362:
response involving the face, throat, and chest muscles. Sneezing is also triggered by sinus nerve stimulation caused by
845:
Several hypotheses exist for why the custom arose of saying "bless you" or "God bless you" in the context of sneezing:
586:). A similar practice is also followed in India. If either the person just having made a not most obvious statement in
393:
and respiratory muscles, and the combined activity of these muscles serve as the basis for the generation of a sneeze.
516:
Consequently, he inferred that people were unable to sneeze in the dark. However, this hypothesis was later debunked.
1142:
699:
In
English, the onomatopoeia for sneezes is usually spelled 'achoo' and it is similar to that of different cultures.
944:
Sneezing is not confined to humans or even mammals. Many animals including cats, dogs, chickens and iguanas sneeze.
429:
828:", the declaration may be said by a person without religious intent. Another, less common, verbal response in the
2001:
593:
In Europe, principally around the early Middle Ages, it was believed that one's life was in fact tied to one's
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to promote sneezing. However, it is not known if this promotion of sneezing was done to hasten his death (as
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droplets, it is recommended to cover one's mouth and nose with the forearm, the inside of the elbow, a
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34:
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1355:"Airflow dynamics of human jets: sneezing and breathing - potential sources of infectious aerosols"
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1933:"We asked a sexologist if the theory about sneezing and orgasms was true – here's what she said"
879:, which regulates a number of functions in the body, including, but not limited to, rousing the
875:. Doctors suspect that the phenomenon might arise from a case of crossed wires in the autonomic
401:
or possible illness, another stimulus is sudden exposure to bright light – a condition known as
1873:"The physiological and pathological relations between the nose and the sexual apparatus of man"
1647:
434:
2069:"Lycaon pictus) use variable quorum thresholds facilitated by sneezes in collective decisions"
1911:
2148:
2027:
1080:
Nonaka S, Unno T, Ohta Y, Mori S (March 1990). "Sneeze-evoking region within the brainstem".
610:
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When sneezing, humans eyes automatically close due to the involuntary reflex during sneeze.
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Setzen, Sean; Platt, Michael (May 2019). "The
Dangers of Sneezing: A Review of Injuries".
8:
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767:, in turn, has largely been based on various prophetic traditions and the teachings of
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Tang JW, Nicolle AD, Klettner CA, Pantelic J, Wang L, Suhaimi AB, et al. (2013).
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Semi-autonomous, convulsive expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth
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796:. If he says, "Yarhamuk-Allah", then let say, "Yahdeekum Allah wa yuslihu baalakum"
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While generally harmless in healthy individuals, sneezes spread disease through the
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820:-speaking countries, one common verbal response to another person's sneeze is "
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696:, sneezers are believed to be remembered by someone at that particular moment.
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Proven methods to reduce sneezing generally advocate reducing interaction with
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through the nose and mouth, usually caused by foreign particles irritating the
2175:
a book that listed many superstitions and customs that are still common today.
1888:
1798:"'Bless you': Social convention or theological statement? | UU World Magazine"
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1983:
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1824:"Sneezing induced by sexual ideation or orgasm: an under-reported phenomenon"
1797:
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1473:"Why does tickling the roof of your mouth with your tongue stifle a sneeze?"
212:, or viral infection. Because sneezes can spread disease through infectious
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200:. Sneezing is possibly linked to sudden exposure to bright light (known as
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1254:
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1677:
Wylie A (1927). "Rhinology and laryngology in literature and Folk-Lore".
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2123:"If you hold your eyelids open while sneezing, will your eyes pop out?"
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1213:"Autosomal dominant sneezing disorder provoked by fullness of stomach"
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states, "Sneezing and orgasms both produce feel-good chemicals called
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The function of sneezing is to expel irritants from the nasal cavity.
1872:
1761:
1124:"Myth: Can sneezing with your eyes open make your eyeballs pop out?"
925:, and because sneezes occur in a quick burst, so does the pleasure.
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The neural regions involved in the sneeze reflex are located in the
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1056:"The eye-popping truth about why we close our eyes when we sneeze"
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but the amount produced by a sneeze is far less than an orgasm."
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gave a speech exhorting his fellow soldiers to fight against the
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350:
213:
136:
1553:
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899:
842:", which is a German word that means, appropriately, 'health'.
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792:, and let his brother or companion say to him, "Yarhamuk Allah"
736:, Bengali (Bangladesh and Bengal of India) culture and also in
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122:
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349:. The brain then relates this initial signal, activates the
204:), sudden change (drop) in temperature, breeze of cold air,
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Walker RH, King AJ, McNutt JW, Jordan NR (September 2017).
1352:
737:
497:
468:) or by commonly touched objects (most notably doorknobs).
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433:
7-to-8-metre-long (23 to 26 ft) turbulent multiphase
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496:; ensuring the timely and continuous removal of dirt and
460:, a tissue or a handkerchief in front of one's mouth and
449:
177:
79:
1325:
492:, such as keeping pets out of the house to avoid animal
784:
When one of you sneezes, let him say, "Al-hamdu-Lillah"
528:, sneezes were believed to be prophetic signs from the
2066:
1629:"Why do we say this when a person sneezes or hiccups?"
1334:. CMMC, St. Mary's Hospital, Maine Medical Association
61:"Achoo" redirects here. For the acronym "ACHOO", see
2002:"My Pet Is Sneezing and Snorting. What's Going On?"
601:, the origins of which are not entirely clear. Sir
413:and is regarded as a medical disorder passed along
2171:"The Origins of Popular Superstitions and Customs"
1877:The Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology, and Otology
1079:
873:sneeze during the initial phases of sexual arousal
512:, approximately 24 times that of a normal sneeze.
1611:"Why Do We Say "Waheguru!" Every Time We Sneeze?"
2486:
1966:"Good Question: Why Does Sneezing Feel So Good?"
1656:] (in Western Frisian). Lannoo Uitgeverij.
1485:
1161:
1470:
1418:Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
798:(May God guide you and rectify your condition)
484:Sneezes are covered by handkerchief or forearm
2285:
1821:
1762:"When somebody sneezes, what should be said?"
1210:
2162:""Protection," a short story about sneezing"
1488:Middleton's Allergy: Principles and Practice
2223:"Why do my eyes close every time I sneeze?"
2149:"Why do we sneeze when we look at the sun?"
1510:
15:
2292:
2278:
627:) or as an ultimate attempt at treatment.
247:Sneezing cannot occur during sleep due to
78:
16:
2133:
2092:
1870:
1847:
1513:American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy
1486:Adkinson NF Jr. (2003). "Phytomedicine".
1447:
1429:
1388:
1378:
1346:
1293:
1244:
1211:Teebi, A S; al-Saleh, Q A (August 1989).
2220:
2204:"Ancient Sneezing: A Gift from the Gods"
2168:
2159:
1828:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
1679:The Journal of Laryngology & Otology
1479:
1405:
1267:
1143:"Why looking at the sun makes us sneeze"
932:
887:. The nose, like the genitals, contains
706:
479:
428:
256:
24:This is an accepted version of this page
1963:
1930:
1780:"Does your heart stop when you sneeze?"
1736:"Where Did The Word "Achoo" Come From?"
1723:If you speak insomnia, you will sneeze.
1645:
1140:
895:for increased detection of pheromones.
14:
2510:Symptoms and signs: Respiratory system
2487:
2146:
2047:
1909:
1822:Bhutta MF, Maxwell H (December 2008).
913:According to Dr. Holly Boyer from the
609:, in his 1909 book, "The Last Days of
2273:
2120:
1784:Everyday Mysteries: Fun Science Facts
1676:
1274:American Journal of Infection Control
849:Some say it came into use during the
605:, for instance, the registrar of the
598:
385:. This region appears to control the
1912:"Is Sneezing Really Like an Orgasm?"
1589:
1033:. Indiana University. Archived from
756:rather than sneezing. As with other
2201:
1759:
1328:"Why Don't We Do It In Our Sleeves"
805:
381:and the adjacent pontine-medullary
377:along the ventromedial part of the
345:to initiate the sneeze through the
150:Expulsion of air through nose/mouth
48:
2113:
891:. This phenomenon may prepare the
292:
49:
2521:
2237:
1646:Gezelle G (1999). Boets J (ed.).
1599:. Book 3, chapter 2, paragraph 9.
1557:Computers in Biology and Medicine
898:A sneeze has been compared to an
2257:
2243:
2073:Proceedings. Biological Sciences
1569:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.01.022
1268:Cole EC, Cook CE (August 1998).
928:
324:Problems playing this file? See
308:
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685:that they are about to catch a
532:. In 401 BC, for instance, the
424:
337:. This triggers the release of
1719:The Book of Songs - Final Wind
1326:Central Maine Medical Center.
1261:
1204:
1134:
1116:
1073:
1048:
1019:
994:
285:
13:
1:
2248:The dictionary definition of
2169:Knowlson, T. Sharper (1910).
2140:Urban Legends Reference Pages
2020:"Why is my Chicken Sneezing?"
1910:Gerbis N (28 November 2012).
1286:10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70046-X
987:
716:, 1894, the oldest surviving
475:
2221:Sherborn MG (15 June 2004).
1380:10.1371/journal.pone.0059970
1141:Goldman JG (June 24, 2015).
1094:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90171-7
860:
603:Raymond Henry Payne Crawfurd
579:γεια σου και να κι η αλήθεια
7:
2048:Kaplan M (1 January 2014).
1964:DeRusha J (17 April 2012).
1217:Journal of Medical Genetics
955:
794:(May God have mercy on you)
680:, for instance, there is a
607:Royal College of Physicians
383:lateral reticular formation
206:a particularly full stomach
10:
2526:
1786:. The Library of Congress.
1431:10.1186/s13756-020-00763-0
864:
809:
702:
578:
568:
519:
60:
53:
2466:
2413:
2340:
2307:
2160:Sheckley, Robert (1956).
1931:Terlato P (1 June 2015).
1889:10.1017/S1755146300166016
1691:10.1017/S0022215100029959
1182:10.1093/milmed/158.12.806
867:Sexually induced sneezing
584:ya sou ke na ki i alithia
379:spinal trigeminal nucleus
154:
146:
117:
109:
101:
89:
77:
72:
1840:10.1258/jrsm.2008.080262
1713:
1525:10.1177/1945892418823147
836:to another's sneeze is "
779:that Muhammad once said:
771:. An example of this is
347:trigeminal nerve network
172:) is a semi-autonomous,
31:latest accepted revision
1490:(6th ed.). Mosby.
1471:Laurie L. Dove (2015).
915:University of Minnesota
734:northern parts of India
569:γεια σου κι αλήθεια λέω
121:Irritants of the nasal
56:Sneeze (disambiguation)
2085:10.1098/rspb.2017.0347
2050:"Sneezing and Yawning"
1027:"Sleep On, Sneeze Not"
941:
803:
725:
485:
438:
297:
282:
2180:"Cold and flu advice"
936:
781:
710:
574:ya sou ki alithia leo
483:
432:
296:
269:
241:Bernoulli's principle
210:exposure to allergens
2266:at Wikimedia Commons
2134:Mikkelson B (2001).
2054:Herp Care Collection
2008:. 19 September 2011.
1871:Mackenzie J (1898).
1721:] (in Chinese).
1475:. HowStuffWorks.com.
1229:10.1136/jmg.26.8.539
904:University of Sydney
812:Response to sneezing
747:, especially in the
689:(multiple sneezes).
630:In certain parts of
599:response to a sneeze
456:, the inside of the
437:from a human sneeze.
403:photic sneeze reflex
202:photic sneeze reflex
63:Photic sneeze reflex
54:For other uses, see
1633:India Study Channel
1615:Sikhing Answers – V
1371:2013PLoSO...859970T
1037:on 23 February 2019
1031:A Moment of Science
1006:The Free Dictionary
775:'s narrations from
763:The practice among
553:. His waiting wife
196:to escape from the
158:Removal of irritant
21:Page version status
2079:(1862): 20170347.
1649:Volledig Dichtwerk
1635:. 24 January 2015.
942:
726:
648:Vietnamese culture
634:, particularly in
486:
439:
419:autosomal dominant
407:autosomal dominant
298:
283:
96:Respiratory system
27:
2482:
2481:
2262:Media related to
2147:Wilson T (1997).
2127:The Straight Dope
1984:"Why Cats Sneeze"
1663:978-90-209-3510-3
1497:978-0-323-01425-0
1170:Military Medicine
946:African wild dogs
893:vomeronasal organ
713:Fred Ott's Sneeze
452:), one holds the
314:
267:
162:
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91:Biological system
18:
2517:
2423:Acute bronchitis
2385:Nasal congestion
2370:Loss of appetite
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2247:
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2228:The Boston Globe
2217:
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2186:. Archived from
2174:
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2121:Adams C (1987).
2107:
2106:
2096:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2026:. Archived from
2024:Keeping Chickens
2016:
2010:
2009:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1961:
1955:
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1952:
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1945:on 23 March 2019
1941:. Archived from
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1017:
1016:
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998:
950:reverse sneezing
871:Some people may
806:Verbal responses
732:, especially in
644:Japanese culture
581:
580:
571:
570:
364:nasal congestion
316:
315:
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82:
70:
69:
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2114:Further reading
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1834:(12): 587–591.
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1802:www.uuworld.org
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1654:Complete Poetry
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1563:(71): 115–127.
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1322:Wayback Machine
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889:erectile tissue
869:
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765:Islamic culture
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636:Chinese culture
617:and extract of
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2153:MadSci Network
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1883:(3): 109–123.
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1740:Dictionary.com
1727:
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1519:(3): 331–337.
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1223:(8): 539–540.
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1088:(2): 265–270.
1082:Brain Research
1072:
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885:sexual arousal
877:nervous system
862:
859:
858:
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854:
824:". Even with "
810:Main article:
807:
804:
786:(Praise be to
745:Polish culture
730:Indian culture
718:motion picture
704:
701:
640:Korean culture
526:ancient Greece
521:
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477:
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2428:Bronchiolitis
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2190:on 2010-01-05
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2030:on 2015-05-17
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1970:CBS Minnesota
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929:In non-humans
926:
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923:reward system
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830:United States
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653:Book of Songs
649:
645:
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624:coup de grâce
620:
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566:the truth" ("
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387:epipharyngeal
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276:surgical mask
272:
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176:expulsion of
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39:1 August 2024
36:
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2458:Strep throat
2438:Otitis media
2394:
2380:Muscle aches
2250:
2226:
2207:
2192:. Retrieved
2188:the original
2183:
2152:
2139:
2136:"Bless You!"
2126:
2076:
2072:
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2043:
2032:. Retrieved
2028:the original
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1969:
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1947:. Retrieved
1943:the original
1936:
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1817:
1806:. Retrieved
1804:. 2011-07-11
1801:
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1765:
1760:Bukhari SA.
1755:
1744:. Retrieved
1742:. 2020-08-18
1739:
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1685:(2): 81–87.
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1331:
1318:Ghostarchive
1316:Archived at
1312:
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1220:
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1151:. Retrieved
1146:
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1128:Myth Busters
1127:
1118:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1064:. Retrieved
1062:. 2013-04-12
1059:
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1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
1030:
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1005:
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682:superstition
651:
629:
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583:
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514:
506:
487:
470:
440:
425:Epidemiology
395:
389:, intrinsic
372:
332:
323:
253:
246:
226:
222:handkerchief
190:nasal cavity
186:nasal mucosa
170:sternutation
169:
165:
163:
67:
38:
29:This is the
23:
2443:Pharyngitis
2400:Sore throat
2327:Enterovirus
2322:Coronavirus
2301:Common cold
2202:Fantham E.
1917:LiveScience
1153:October 14,
937:A sneezing
773:Al-Bukhaari
674:South Korea
502:humidifiers
466:handshaking
415:genetically
286:Description
271:Shadowgraph
229:soft palate
198:oral cavity
113:Involuntary
2505:Physiology
2489:Categories
2390:Rhinorrhea
2332:Rhinovirus
2317:Adenovirus
2194:2009-05-06
2184:NHS Direct
2034:2015-04-18
2006:Vet Street
1808:2023-08-25
1766:Sunnah.com
1746:2021-10-11
1424:(1): 100.
1338:17 October
1147:BBC Future
1066:2024-06-10
1041:2019-02-21
988:References
977:Snatiation
908:endorphins
865:See also:
839:Gesundheit
611:Charles II
476:Prevention
443:infectious
411:snatiation
351:pharyngeal
339:histamines
326:media help
249:REM atonia
237:carburetor
174:convulsive
133:Snatiation
105:Beneficial
2453:Sinusitis
2448:Pneumonia
2209:Princeton
1897:196423179
1440:2047-2994
1332:CoughSafe
1237:0022-2593
861:Sexuality
822:bless you
722:copyright
632:East Asia
490:irritants
399:allergies
391:laryngeal
375:brainstem
368:allergies
360:reflexive
278:, and an
239:) due to
180:from the
141:Infection
2500:Reflexes
2405:Weakness
2395:Sneezing
2365:Headache
2342:Symptoms
2264:Sneezing
2103:28878054
1949:23 March
1858:19092028
1699:71281077
1596:Anabasis
1591:Xenophon
1577:26914240
1541:58587363
1533:30616365
1458:32631450
1399:23560060
1359:PLOS ONE
1320:and the
1198:10884414
1110:26718567
1060:NBC News
1011:April 6,
1002:"Sneeze"
967:Rhinitis
956:See also
919:pressure
881:genitals
769:Muhammad
758:Catholic
615:cowslips
555:Penelope
551:Odysseus
542:Persians
538:Xenophon
536:general
534:Athenian
355:tracheal
280:N95 mask
130:Cold air
35:reviewed
2375:Malaise
2355:Fatigue
2309:Viruses
2094:5597819
1849:2625373
1449:7336106
1390:3613375
1367:Bibcode
1304:9721404
1295:7132666
1255:2769729
1246:1015683
1190:8108024
1102:2139800
982:Sniffle
972:Seizure
883:during
818:English
754:hiccups
720:with a
703:Culture
670:Vietnam
619:ammonia
588:Flemish
563:Odyssey
546:soldier
520:History
454:forearm
446:aerosol
421:trait.
214:aerosol
155:Outcome
137:Allergy
118:Stimuli
2495:Sneeze
2251:sneeze
2216:Radio.
2101:
2091:
1895:
1856:
1846:
1697:
1660:
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1108:
1100:
900:orgasm
851:plague
834:Canada
676:, and
595:breath
576:, or "
494:dander
417:as an
335:mucosa
304:Sneeze
218:tissue
194:saliva
166:sneeze
147:Method
123:mucosa
110:Action
102:Health
73:Sneeze
2467:Drugs
2433:Croup
2360:Fever
2350:Cough
1988:WebMD
1893:S2CID
1717:[
1714:詩經·終風
1695:S2CID
1652:[
1537:S2CID
1194:S2CID
1149:. BBC
1106:S2CID
962:Cough
939:zebra
749:Kresy
694:Nepal
678:Japan
666:China
664:. In
662:anime
658:manga
458:elbow
435:plume
343:brain
220:or a
182:lungs
127:Light
2099:PMID
1951:2019
1854:PMID
1658:ISBN
1573:PMID
1529:PMID
1492:ISBN
1454:PMID
1436:ISSN
1395:PMID
1340:2016
1300:PMID
1251:PMID
1233:ISSN
1186:PMID
1155:2016
1098:PMID
1013:2012
832:and
738:Iran
687:cold
660:and
646:and
559:gods
544:. A
530:gods
498:dust
462:nose
366:and
353:and
231:and
192:and
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